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Information on the history of popular music in Glasgow, Scotland, taken from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of the Popular Music of the World," is presented. According to the author, the city became the most important center of the commercial entertainment industry in Great Britain outside London, England. Its first purpose built music halls opened in the 1850s. By the 1930s, there had over 70 dance halls. The most famous traditional jazz band of the 1950s and 1960s was the Clyde Valley Stompers.

Information on the history of popular music in Sheffield, England, taken from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of the Popular Music of the World," is presented. According to the author, popular music was identified as a key sector in the regeneration of the city. The distinctive historical trajectory of the city has left a clear mark on local popular music development. The focus of a musical night out transferred to dancing at venues as the music halls gave way to cinemas.

A subject index for the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented.

Information on the history of popular music in Liverpool, England, taken from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of the Popular Music of the World," is presented. According to the author, this maritime port city is famous as the birthplace of the Beatles and has been commonly regarded as a stronghold for popular music. Folk music has been described as more surf than turf with regards to flavor. In rock music, John Lennon's song "Give Peace a Chance" was based on a sea shanty.

Information on the history of popular music in Manchester, England, taken from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of the Popular Music of the World," is presented. According to the author, little pre-industrial folk music has survived the region because of the dislocation caused by the process of industrialization. However, a number of annual folk customs and rituals were preserved such as clog dancing. Meanwhile, the black music scene did not often overlap with its pop and rock activities .

Information on the history of popular music in London, England, taken from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of the Popular Music of the World," is presented. According to the author, a new breed of popular music publishers and the music halls dominated the music industry of the city in the nineteenth century. They were linked with the new genres of parlor ballads and comic cockney songs. The first purpose build music hall was the Oxford which was opened by Henry Morton in 1861.

Information on the history of popular music in Wales, taken from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of the Popular Music of the World," is presented. According to the author, some Welsh-language folk-song traditions survive until the end of the eighteenth century. Most folk songs are for solo voice, while some are for solo and chorus. Eighteenth- and nineteenth-century dance tunes with Welsh titles also survive together with numerous traditional instruments. One of the most distinct and ubiquitous activity was choral singing.

Information on the history of popular music in Scotland, taken from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of the Popular Music of the World," is presented. According to the author, the origins of commercial popular music in the country lie in the 1840s, when new music halls started to compete for growing urban audiences. The halls featured variety shows consisting of a large number and diversity of brief performances. Sheet music publishing developed in the mid-nineteenth century to cater for the increasing population of the urban middle class.

Information on popular music in England from Chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. The demand for drawing-room ballads contributed to the growth of the commercial music industry in the second half of the 19th century. A distinction between art music and popular music emerged during the period. Bebop clubs started opening in the 1950s. Radio contributed to the popularity of rock music.

Information on popular music in Great Britain from Chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. The urbanization of Great Britain at the start of the 19th century, as well as its centralized and political structures, influenced centrifugal and homogenizing tendencies in British popular music. The city of Liverpool contributed to the rise of rock music in Great Britain.

Information on popular music in Spain from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. The estimated population of Spain in 1997 was 39,300,000. The topography and history of the country are detailed. It discusses urban popular music in the nineteenth century and the origins of the Canción Española.

Information on popular music in Switzerland from Chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. The country's multilingualism affects the market for commercial music and professional music-making. Small record labels offer and support specific forms of native popular music. A form of folk music called ländlermusig emerged during the 1920s. Jazz was introduced in the country in the early 20th century.

Information on popular music in Sweden from Chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. Foreign influences on Swedish popular music came from Germany, France, Great Britain and the U.S. Some forms of popular music in Sweden combine foreign influences and domestic traditions. Jazz became popular in Sweden around 1920, while U.S. rock came to the country in 1956.

Information on popular music in Galicia, Spain from Chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. Popular music has become a symbol of identity and self-expression for the region. Considered a kind of Celtic music, Galician popular music features a range of musical expression. Its forms include xotas, alboradas and polkas. The Galician bagpipe is higher in tone than the Irish uilleann pipes, but lower than the Scottish equivalent.

Information on popular music in Asturias, Spain from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. The estimated population of Asturias in 1999 was 1,089,000. During the Franco dictatorship at the beginning of the 1960s, Asturian groups were influenced by British and North American music, and introduced beat music and rock 'n' roll to the region.

Information on popular music in Tromsø, Norway from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. The estimated population of Tromsø in 2004 was 154,351. This entry also provides information on the city's early popular music and jazz, and pop era in the 1960s and 1990s.

Information on popular music in Oslo, Norway from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. Oslo is Norway's capital city and functioned as an economic, administrative and cultural center. This entry also provides information on the city' jazz music, popular music, punk and rap music.

Information on popular music in Norway from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. The estimated population of the country in 2003 was 4,554,000. The topography and history of the country are detailed. The circulation of popular music was enhanced with the establishment of Norweigan National Broadcasting in 1933. It discusses early popular music in Norway.

Information on popular music in the Netherlands from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. The topography and history of the country are provided. U.S. dance music and jazz took root from the early 1900s onwards. Americanized Hawaiian music is popular in the Netherlands. Rock 'n' roll made its definitive breakthrough in 1956 with the premiere of the movie "Rock Around the Clock" in the Netherlands.

Information on popular music in Malta from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. The topography and history of the country are provided. The three principal genres of Maltese popular music are folk and traditional singing called ghana, marches played by wind bands, and pop songs in both Maltese and English. The movement of musicians from one genre to another is equally common in Malta.

Information on the history of popular music promoted by Italian Diaspora from Chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. Approximately 1% of those who emigrated in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries were musicians, who mixed local sounds and regional Italian music. This gave rise to various new styles through their experiments in musical syncretism. For instance, the tango owed much to Italians, who constituted half of Buenos Aires' population.

Information on French popular music from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It explores the adoption of traditional songs of the peasants by musicians of the royal court or by other professional musicians. It discusses the emergence of other popular song genres during the early nineteenth century. It highlights the emergence of African-American musical styles, jazz and popular music, in France in the 1920s, as well as musical trends in the country after World War II.

Information on the history of popular music in the city of Rome, Italy from Chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. The traditional Roman song became popular at the turn of the twentieth century, with the launch of the Festa di San Giovanni in 1891. Jazz enjoyed its golden age between 1924 and 1936. Clubs where jazz music was performed spread in 1945. Other music styles including hip-hop and rap developed strong followers from the late 1980s.

Information on popular music in the city of Naples, Italy from Chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It deals with the history of popular music in Naples, the capital city of Campania. The city introduced canzone napoletana into popular music, which became popular in the nineteenth century. During the same century, pubs called café-chantat spread in Naples. By the 1930s, Neopolitan song assimilated new styles from abroad. Rock, hip-hop and revivals were introduced in the 1970s.

Information on popular music in Northern Italy from Chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It deals with the history of popular music in Northern Italy. According to ethnomusicologists, the area is characterized by syllabic choral singing, tonal melodies, harmonization in thirds and epical-lyrical content close to northern European balladry. This traditional, pre-industrial musical models influence music production and consumption. In the 1990s, urban popular musicians in the area rarely employ dialect.

Information on popular music in Italy from Chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It deals with the history of popular music in Italy starting with the Napoleonic song. In 1924, public radio catalyzed popular music production by promoting a homogeneous national music that took over the regional folk repertoires and their dialects. By the 1950s, Italian artists were influenced by foreign musicians and music.

Information on the popular music in Dublin, Ireland from Chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It deals with the history of popular music in the city. The music scene was established in the 1960s with such groups as Bluesville and the Semitones. By the 1970s, rock music continued to develop without a sustainable production base. An experimental approach to musical performance and reception was introduced during the punk years of 1977-1980. Superpubs emerged during the early twenty-first century.

Information on popular music in the Republic of Ireland from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It explores the field of music in the country. It describes the country's population in 2000 and geographical location. It also traces the evolution of popular music in the country, including the factors that influenced the music scene.

Information on Danish popular music from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It discusses the first institutions of popular music in the nineteenth century. It highlights the evolution of during this period from pre-composed to music composed for the occasion. It explores the main media for live popular music between the wars and the emergence of jazz in the 1930s. It traces the history of the Danish music industry.

Information on popular music in Berlin, Germany from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It explores the field of music in the city of Berlin. It describes the city, including its population in 2003, geographical location, history and musical practices. It also traces the history of popular music in the city.

Information on popular music in Germany from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It explores the field of music in the country. It describes Germany, including its population in 2003, geographical location, history and musical practices. It also traces the influence of culture on German popular music.

Information on Belgian popular music from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It discusses components of Belgian popular music between 1830 and the start of World War II. It points out that several Belgian singers received international acclaim after 1950 including Annie Cordy, Jean Vallée, and Paul Louka. It explores the influence of British rock acts on Belgian singers of the 1960s is discussed, as well as the adoption of different styles of African-American music.

Information on Finnish popular music from chapter 6 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It traces the roots of popular music in Finland. It discusses the success of Kreeta Haapasalo, the first Finnish itinerant folk musician. It explores the influence of African-American music on popular music in the country, as well as the turning point in the history of Finnish popular music.

A discussion on popular music in Serbia & Montenegro, from Chapter 5 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World," is presented. It discusses musical cultures in Vojvodina and Kosovo as well as Oriental influences on the nation's music. It describes urban popular music in the 19th and 20th centuries. It also considers the appearance and rise to popularity of newly composed music, jazz, rock music and pop music.

Information on Yugoslav popular music from chapter 5 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It emphasizes that Czech musicians have played an important role in the development of both music education and entertainment in Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia during the nineteenth century. It discusses the first jazz ensemble in the former Yugoslavia. It highlights developments in Yugoslav popular music in the late 1940s, as well as the emergence of rock music in Yugoslavia in the early 1970s.

A discussion on popular music in Romania, from Chapter 5 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World," is presented. It describes the two main musical traditions in the country until the end of the 18th century, namely folk and liturgical music. It discusses popular music genres in the 19th- and 20th-centuries, including muzica populară and muzică uşoară. It looks at the Communist government's music policy from 1947-1962.

A discussion on popular music in Greece, from Chapter 5 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World," is presented. It discusses the influence of Middle Eastern and Western music on popular music in the country. It talks about the government policy on Greek folk music and Western music. It describes the different forms of laiká that emerged from the mid-1950s onwards, including bouzoúki, édechna laiká, and touristiká.

A discussion on popular music in Macedonia, from Chapter 5 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World," is presented. It describes Macedonian folk music and mentions common folk instruments, including the gaida, kaval, and tapan. It discusses two distinct periods in the development of Macedonian pop and rock music and cites popular rock bands. It also discusses the popularity of jazz and brass bands in the country.

A discussion on popular music in Athens, Greece, from Chapter 5 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World," is presented. It states that Athens was the cradle of Greek urban popular music in the 20th century. It describes music genres that emerged from Athens, namely rebétika, laiká, popular art song, political song, and new wave ballads. It discusses the Western influences on light, rock, and pop music in the city.

A discussion on popular music in Bulgaria, from Chapter 5 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World," is presented. It describes the characteristics of Bulgarian music until the mid-19th century, which was dominated by folk songs and dances associated with the changing seasons. It discusses the role of small towns in mountain regions on the urbanization of music. It offers a history of the commercialization of music recording and production in the country.

Information on the development of popular music during the Jewish diaspora from chapter 4 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It is stated that the question as to what is Jewish music has occupied researchers since the emergence of musical scholarship about Jewish musical traditions around the turn of the twentieth century. It is inferred that what ties the diverse musical traditions together is the Jewish religion in its myriad interpretations.

A discussion on popular music in Albania, from Chapter 5 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World," is presented. It cites government-approved musical genres until 1991 and discusses the government policy on music during the Socialist era . It discusses the privatization and commercialization of music production in the 1990s. It describes genres of popular music in post-socialist Albania and the former Yugoslavia, including folk music, rock music, and hip-hop.

Information on the development of popular music in Georgia from chapter 3 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It states that urban folklore is an inseparable part of the ancient tradition of Georgian folk music. It is inferred that the development of Georgian urban music is closely linked with specific periods in the history of Georgia. The hard rock band Quadrant, in the early 1970s, was the focus of a short-lived rock movement in T'bilisi that was forced to disband by Soviet authorities.

A discussion on popular music in Bosnia-Herzegovina, from Chapter 5 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World," is presented. It discusses transformations in the performance of sevdalinka, a traditional form of music, and serenada. It identifies the factors that influenced novokomponovana narodna muzika or newly composed folk music. It reveals Western popular music that appeared after World War II as well as the birth of Sarajevo pop & rock school.

Information on the development of popular music in Russia from chapter 3 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It is stated that folk music performance was actively fostered by the Soviet regime. The first Russian jazz concert was staged by Valentin Parnakh's Jazz Band in Moscow in 1922. It presents a discussion on the development of the rock music scene in the country.

Information on the development of popular music in Belarus from chapter 3 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. Ritual music from rural village life, which has become iconic in Belarusan literature, has served as a resource for urban song forms and themes. It is inferred that in the 1970s, urban popular music was shaped by a growing awareness of Western rock music. It is inferred that the mechanisms for production are inconsistent because of bureaucratic restrictions and economic difficulties.

Information on the development of popular music in Slovakia from chapter 2 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It is inferred that Western and Eastern European cultures influenced Slovak folk music. According to the article, the tango was the most significant and inspiring dance rhythm for Slovak popular music between 1930 and 1960. The Bratislavké jazzové dni festival founded in 1975 influenced the jazz scene in the country.

Information on the development of popular music in Poland from chapter 2 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. It is inferred that the Polish traditional music has been renowned for its internationally known dances, the mazurka, polonez and polka. Popular music in the country from the 1950s was forced to develop under the watchful eye of government censors and the police. It states that media explosion made it much easier for international trends to influence Polish musicians.

Information on the history of popular music in Hungary from chapter 2 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. Hungarian music was first mentioned in the "Netherlander Ekkehard Chronicle," when guards sent warnings by means of horns and shouted singing. The preserved Hungarian folk music heritage comes primarily from the collecting and recording done by Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály and their followers.

Information on the history of popular music in Praha, Czech Republic from chapter 2 of the book "Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World" is presented. The city had numerous music associations in the nineteenth century. The Praha conservatory of music was founded in 1811, while the National Theater was opened in 1881. Many music halls were opened in the suburbs of the city for operetta, for singspiel, and tingl tangl.