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In this paper, MoO3 microrods was prepared using corn straw as biological template via roasting process．The components and crystal characterization of the material were investigated via X-ray diffraction(XRD)，scanning electron microscopy( SEM), and the electrochemistry property and mechanism was studied．The results show that the MoO3 material synthesized by template method is Orthorhombic structures．And the MoO3 particles were submicron and micron rods with uniform distribution and a smooth surface. MoO3 microrods had an average diameter that ranged from 1 to 2 μm. The result indicated that the MoO3 as the new negative of aluminum battery delivers a higher discharge capacity of 190 mAh/g at a scanning rate of 1mv/s, which showing good capacity and cycling performance.

Context As a well-known traditional Chinese medicine for protecting the liver, the mechanism of Radix Gentianae (RG) remains unclear. Objective The hepatoprotective effect and metabonomics of RG were studied to explore the molecular and metabolic mechanisms of RG protecting the liver. Materials and methods Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control and model group (n = 10, orally given distilled water), intervention group (4 subgroups, n = 10, prophylactically and orally given 0.63, 2.5 and 5.6 g/kg RG and 0.2 g/kg bifendatatum for 7 d). On day 7 of the intervention, all rats except the control were injected intraperitoneally with 2.5% carbon tetrachloride vegetable oil solution (1.5 mL/kg) to induce liver injury. After 24 h of carbon tetrachloride injection, rat serum and liver tissue were collected for determining AST, ALT, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6, SOD, MDA, GSH, and GSH-PX. Rat serum was used for analysing endogenous metabolism by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Results Different doses of RG can significantly decrease the levels of AST, ALT, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and MDA, and increase the levels of SOD, GSH, and GSH-PX in rats with liver injury (p

Soliton excitation is investigated for a coherently coupled nonlinear Schrodinger system, which describes soliton propagation in optical fibers with two orthogonally polarized components. Analytical soliton solutions, in which two free functions are involved, are constructed via the auxiliary function method. Special solitons can be excited by setting the free functions as some specific functions. S-type, V-type, W-type, periodic wave and doubly periodic wave solitons are excited and demonstrated graphically.

Atractylodis rhizoma is a frequently-used traditional Chinese medicine in clinical practice, which have the effect of eliminating dampness and tonifying spleen. And after being processed with wheat bran, the dryness of A. rhizoma is reduced, and the function of tonifying spleen is enhanced. Atractylenolides are the major bioactive components of A. rhizoma, including atractylenolide I (AI), atractylenolide Ⅱ (AⅡ) and atractylenolide Ⅲ (AⅢ). The present study aimed to develope a new UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of three atractylenolides in rat urine, and applied to the excretory kinetics in Sprague-Dawley rats after oral administration of crude and processed A. rhizoma extracts. Analytes and internal standard were detected without interference in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with positive electrospray ionization. The excretory kinetics parameters were calculated by a urine drug analysis model of drug and statistics (DAS) 3.2.8 software. The t1/2 and Ke of three atractylenolides had no significant difference between crude and processed A. rhizoma, but the recovery accumulative excretion of them in processed A. rhizoma were apparently higher than the crude ones (p0.05, p0.01). The results showed that only a small amount of atractylenolides excreted in urine and processing A. rhizoma with wheat bran by stir frying could promote the urinary excretion of them.

A thermophoretic motion system with a variable heat transmission factor is investigated, which describes wrinkling soliton propagation in a substrate-supported graphene sheet. Analytic multiple-lump wave solutions are constructed via the Hirota bilinear method and symbolic computation. A numerical simulation shows that the system exhibits breaking lump waves. The system parameters control the open width and number of breaking gaps. These results should contribute to a better understanding of the propagation characteristics of wrinkling solitons in a complex graphene thermophoretic motion system.

This paper puts forward an innovative theory and method to calculate the canonical labelings of graphs that are distinct to N a u t y &rsquo, s. It shows the correlation between the canonical labeling of a graph and the canonical labeling of its complement graph. It regularly examines the link between computing the canonical labeling of a graph and the canonical labeling of its o p e n k-n e i g h b o r h o o d s u b g r a p h. It defines d i f f u s i o n d e g r e e s e q u e n c e s and e n t i r e d i f f u s i o n d e g r e e s e q u e n c e. For each node of a graph G, it designs a characteristic m _ N e a r e s t N o d e to improve the precision for calculating canonical labeling. Two theorems established here display how to compute the first nodes of M a x Q ( G ) . Another theorem presents how to determine the second nodes of M a x Q ( G ) . When computing C m a x ( G ) , if M a x Q ( G ) already holds the first i nodes u 1 , u 2 , ⋯ , u i , Diffusion and Nearest Node theorems provide skill on how to pick the succeeding node of M a x Q ( G ) . Further, it also establishes two theorems to determine the C m a x ( G ) of disconnected graphs. Four algorithms implemented here demonstrate how to compute M a x Q ( G ) of a graph. From the results of the software experiment, the accuracy of our algorithms is preliminarily confirmed. Our method can be employed to mine the frequent subgraph. We also conjecture that if there is a node v &isin, S ( G ) meeting conditions C m a x ( G - v ) ⩽ C m a x ( G - w ) for each w &isin, S ( G ) &and, w &ne, v , then u 1 = v for M a x Q ( G ) .

Gentiana radix is used in traditional Chinese medicine and has functions of clearing heat and drying dampness, as well as purging liver and gallbladder fire. A highly sensitive and effective strategy for rapid screening and identification of target constituents has been developed by using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap) in crude and wine-processed . Based on the accurate mass measurement (&lt, 5 ppm), retention times, and MS fragmentation ions, 52 constituents were unambiguously or tentatively characterized from Gentiana radix, including 21 iridoids, 11 flavonoids, 19 xanthones, and a triterpenoid. This study demonstrated that the established method could be a rapid, effective analytical tool for screening and characterization of compounds in the complex systems of . By comparing the structure and peak areas of chemical constituents in crude and wine-processed Gentiana radix, we found that some compounds in crude and wine-processed Gentiana radix were significantly different.

Atractylodis Rhizoma is the dried rhizome of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. or Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz and is often processed by stir-frying with wheat bran to reduce its dryness and increase its spleen tonifying activity. However, the mechanism by which the processing has this effect remains unknown. To explain the mechanism based on the pharmacokinetics of the active compounds, a rapid, sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to analyze atractylenolides I, II, and III, and atractyloside A simultaneously in rat plasma after oral administration of raw and processed Atractylodis Rhizoma. Acetaminophen was used as the internal standard and the plasma samples were pretreated with methanol. Positive ionization mode coupled with multiple reaction monitoring mode was used to analyze the four compounds. The method validation revealed that all the calibration curves displayed good linear regression over the concentration ranges of 3.2&ndash, 350, 4&ndash, 500, 4&ndash, 500, and 3.44&ndash, 430 ng/mL for atractylenolides I, II, and III, and atractyloside A, respectively. The relative standard deviations of the intra- and inter-day precisions of the four compounds were less than 6% with accuracies (relative error) below 2.38%, and the extraction recoveries were more than 71.90 &plusmn, 4.97%. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the four compounds were estimated with Drug and Statistics 3.0 and the integral pharmacokinetics were determined based on an area under the curve weighting method. The results showed that the integral maximum plasma concentration and area under the curve increased after oral administration of processed Atractylodis Rhizoma.

With the development of luxury cruise ships and large offshore platforms, the use of high-frequency electromagnetic heating power sources to replace fireworks for thin steel plate leveling is a new development trend in the shipping and offshore industries. The technical difficulty of high-frequency induction power supplies is frequency track. The frequency tracking circuit in this article uses CD4046 as the core, which not only realizes frequency tracking but also realizes the dead time setting, ensures that the power supply can realize frequency scanning and maximum frequency tracking, and ensures that the circuit always works in resonance or quasi-resonance state, The output is more efficient at this time.

Prussian Blue type Na2MnFe(CN)6 was prepared by direct precipitation method and a subsequent drying procedure as a cath-ode material for aqueous rechargeable sodium-ion batteries. XRD patterns showed that Na2MnFe(CN)6 has a typical Prussian Blue struc-ture with space group Fm3m. Na2MnFe(CN)6 presents good electrochemical behaviors at 10 mAg-1 discharge current density with specific capacity 73.1 mAhg-1 after 30 cycles. The results show that Na2MnFe(CN)6 could be a potential cathode material for aqueous Sodium-ion battery.

Process assessment experiment was conducted to investigate the applicability of integration technology (CCI, concentration, cooling and ion exchange) to manufacture sodium-free lithium chloride from salt lake brine. The preliminary separation process of sodium from brine, using evaporating concentration by adding surfactant, showed the amount of sodium in brine decreases to below 0.187%. Then, brine was further cooling separation process which was characterized in that the ammonia is added in order to decrease the solubility of NaCl. The purification of lithium chloride from cooling brine was then conducted with a novel separation process which was designed by a novel ion exchange method using inorganic ion-exchanger Li 1.4 Cr 0.4 Ti 1.6 (PO 4 ) 3 . The total yield of LiCl with the present purification process was 86.16%, and the sodium concentration in the supernatant is 0.0005 wt.%.

A simple method that consumes low organic solvent is proposed for the analysis of phthalic acid esters in Chinese white spirit using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with sweeping-micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Tetrachloromethane and white-spirit-containing ethanol were used as the extraction and dispersing solvents, respectively. The electrophoresis separation buffer was composed of 5 mM β-cyclodextrin, 50 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate and 25 mM borate buffer (pH 9.2) with 9% acetonitrile, enabling the baseline resolution of the analytes within 13 min. Under the optimum conditions, satisfactory linearities (5-1000 ng/mL, r ≥ 0.9909), good reproducibility (RSD ≤ 6.7% for peak area, and RSD ≤ 2.8% for migration time), low detection limits (0.4-0.8 ng/mL) and acceptable recovery rates (89.6-105.7%) were obtained. The proposed method was successfully applied to 22 Chinese white spirits, and the content of dibutyl phthalate in 55% of the samples exceeded the Specific Migration Limit of 0.3 mg/kg established by the domestic and international regulations.

A selective and low organic-solvent-consuming method of sample preparation combined with high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection is introduced for analysis of phthalic acid esters in edible oils. Sample treatment involves initial liquid–liquid partitioning with acetonitrile, then QuEChERS cleanup by dispersive solid-phase extraction with primary secondary amine as sorbent. Preconcentration of the analytes is performed by ionic-liquid-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, with the cleaned-up extract as disperser solvent and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate as extraction solvent. Under the optimized conditions, correlation coefficients (r) were 0.998–0.999 and standard errors (S y/x ) were 2.67–3.37 × 103 for calibration curves in the range 50–1000 ng g−1. Detection limits, at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, ranged from 6 to 9 ng g−1. Intra-day and inter-day repeatability, expressed as relative standard deviation, were in the ranges 1.0–6.9 % and 2.4–9.4 %, respectively. Recovery varied between 84 % and 106 %. The developed method was successfully used for analysis of the analytes in 28 edible oils. The dibutyl phthalate content of four of the 28 samples (14 %) exceeded the specific migration limit established by domestic and international regulations.

Atractylodis Rhizoma (AR), a kind of well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has a long history of being used to treat spleen-deficiency syndrome (SDS). Stir frying with bran is a common method of processing AR, as recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and is thought to enhance the therapeutic effect in TCM. Our previous studies have confirmed that bran-fried AR is superior to raw AR in terms of the improvement of gastrointestinal tract function. However, the biological mechanism of action is not yet clear. Here, we report the difference between raw and bran-fried AR in terms of the modulatory effect of intestinal microbiota. We found that the composition of intestinal microbiota of SDS rats changed significantly compared with healthy rats and tended to recover to normal levels after treatment with raw and bran-fried AR. Nine bacteria closely related to SDS were identified at the genus level. Among them, the modulatory effect between the raw and bran-fried AR was different. The improved modulation on Bacteroides, Escherichia-Shigella, Phascolarctobacterium, Incertae-Sedis (Defluviitaleaceae Family) and Incertae-Sedis (Erysipelotrichaceae Family) could be the mechanism by which bran-fried AR enhanced the therapeutic effect. Correlation analysis revealed that the modulation on intestinal microbiota was closely related to the secretion and expression of cytokines and gastrointestinal hormones. These findings can help us to understand the role and significance of bran-fried AR against SDS.

A very simple, sensitive, and reliable method for the routine determination of riboflavin in cereal grains by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (CE-LIF) was established. Two on-line concentration techniques, namely, stacking in reverse migrating micelles (SRMM) and sweeping, were examined to enhance the detection signal. The optimum separation buffer consisted of 20 mM phosphoric acid and 140 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and a hydrodynamic injection of 30 s at 0.5 psi was confirmed for the introduction of a sample. In addition, it was found that salt in sample matrix influenced the performance of SRMM, showing the standard addition method was required for the quantitative analysis. The linearity of the method was good with a range of 0.5–500 ng/mL (r = 0.9990). The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.29 ng/mL at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. This procedure presented was successfully applied to determine riboflavin in 18 samples of 9 types of cereal grains. The recovery rat...

This paper describes a simple, sensitive and environmentally benign method for the direct determination of aniline and its derivatives in environmental water samples by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with field-enhanced sample injection. The parameters that influenced the enhancement and separation efficiencies were investigated. Surprisingly, under the optimized conditions, two linear ranges for the calibration plot, 1–50 ng/mL and 50–1000 ng/mL (R > 0.998), were obtained. The detection limit was in the range of 0.29–0.43 ng/mL. To eliminate the effect of the real sample matrix on the stacking efficiency, the standard addition method was applied to the analysis of water samples from local rivers.

Orthosilicate MgMnSiO4 was prepared by sol-gel route and a subsequent heating procedure as a cathode material for rechargeable magnesium batteries. XRD patterns showed that MgMnSiO4 has a orthorhombic system with space group Pbnm(62). MgMnSiO4 presents good electrochemical behaviors at 10 mAg-1 discharge current density with specific capacity 130.1 mAhg-1 after 20 cycles. The results show that MgMnSiO4 could be a potential cathode material for high-energy magnesium secondary battery.

The N-soliton solutions for an extended generalization of Vakhnenko equation are calculated by applying the improved Hirota method and the variable transformations. The N-soliton solutions can be expressed explicitly. Furthermore, the interaction processes are discussed for the N-soliton solutions.

We discovered a stem cell factor (SCF)-triggered, MEK1-independent, and PI3K-dependent MAPK activation pathway in the Kit-expressing ovarian cancer cell line HEY. When we knocked down MEK1 with RNA interference (RNAi) to study the function of MEK1 on the proliferation and survival of ovarian cancer cells, we found that impaired cell growth still occurred after MEK1 expression had been suppressed, although MAPK activation remained intact. This suggests that there is MEK1-independent activation of MAPK in the SCF-induced ovarian cancer cell growth process, and that MEK1 still plays a crucial role in maintaining the malignant properties of ovarian cancer cells even when it fails to activate MAPK as expected.

This paper presents a novel theory and method to calculate the canonical labelings of digraphs whose definition is entirely different from the traditional definition of Nauty. It indicates the mutual relationships that exist between the canonical labeling of a digraph and the canonical labeling of its complement graph. It systematically examines the link between computing the canonical labeling of a digraph and the k-neighborhood and k-mix-neighborhood subdigraphs. To facilitate the presentation, it introduces several concepts including mix diffusion outdegree sequence and entire mix diffusion outdegree sequences. For each node in a digraph G, it assigns an attribute m_NearestNode to enhance the accuracy of calculating canonical labeling. The four theorems proved here demonstrate how to determine the first nodes added into M a x Q ( G ) . Further, the other two theorems stated below deal with identifying the second nodes added into M a x Q ( G ) . When computing C m a x ( G ) , if M a x Q ( G ) already contains the first i vertices u 1 , u 2 , ⋯ , u i , Diffusion Theorem provides a guideline on how to choose the subsequent node of M a x Q ( G ) . Besides, the Mix Diffusion Theorem shows that the selection of the ( i + 1 ) th vertex of M a x Q ( G ) for computing C m a x ( G ) is from the open mix-neighborhood subdigraph N + + ( Q ) of the nodes set Q = { u 1 , u 2 , ⋯ , u i } . It also offers two theorems to calculate the C m a x ( G ) of the disconnected digraphs. The four algorithms implemented in it illustrate how to calculate M a x Q ( G ) of a digraph. Through software testing, the correctness of our algorithms is preliminarily verified. Our method can be utilized to mine the frequent subdigraph. We also guess that if there exists a vertex v ∈ S + ( G ) satisfying conditions C m a x ( G − v ) ⩽ C m a x ( G − w ) for each w ∈ S + ( G ) ∧ w ≠ v , then u 1 = v for M a x Q ( G ) .

To detect the expression of cancerous inhibitor of phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) in chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) and investigate the mechanism underlying CIP2A knockdown-mediated cell proliferation and apoptosis as well as the interaction of CIP2A with breakpoint cluster region-Abelson leukemia virus (BCR-ABL). CIP2A mRNA and protein expression in chronic myelocytic leukemia-chronic (CML-CP) patients and healthy controls were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot. In vivo, c-Myc expression, PP2A activity, cell proliferation, and apoptosis of CML cells were detected with CIP2A depletion. In addition, the relationship among CIP2A, BCR-ABL, and tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 was explored by depleting/overexpressing CIP2A or inhibiting BCR-ABL. The level of CIP2A mRNA was higher in CML-CP patients than healthy controls (56/74, 75.7 % vs. 1/35, 2.9 %, P < 0.001), and CIP2A protein was overexpressed in corresponding specimens. CIP2A knockdown by siRNA reduced the level of c-Myc protein and clonogenic formation, inhibited the activity of PP2A, K562 cell proliferation, and promoted cell apoptosis. Suppressing BCR-ABL by imatinib mesylate (IM) significantly decreased CIP2A expression. CIP2A knockdown decreased BCR-ABL but increased SHP-1 expression, and CIP2A overexpression had the reverse effect. CIP2A is overexpressed in CML-CP patients, and its expression may promote CML pathogenesis. CIP2A and BCR-ABL can regulate each other in a positive feedback loop. CIP2A may be a useful therapeutic target in CML-CP, particularly in patients with IM resistance. However, further studies are needed to validate the interaction between CIP2A and BCR-ABL using other tyrosine kinase inhibitors than IM.

A simple method that consumes low organic solvent is proposed for the analysis of phthalic acid esters in Chinese white spirit using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with sweeping-micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Tetrachloromethane and white-spirit-containing ethanol were used as the extraction and dispersing solvents, respectively. The electrophoresis separation buffer was composed of 5 mM β-cyclodextrin, 50 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate and 25 mM borate buffer (pH 9.2) with 9% acetonitrile, enabling the baseline resolution of the analytes within 13 min. Under the optimum conditions, satisfactory linearities (5-1000 ng/mL, r ≥ 0.9909), good reproducibility (RSD ≤ 6.7% for peak area, and RSD ≤ 2.8% for migration time), low detection limits (0.4-0.8 ng/mL) and acceptable recovery rates (89.6-105.7%) were obtained. The proposed method was successfully applied to 22 Chinese white spirits, and the content of dibutyl phthalate in 55% of the samples exceeded the Specific Migration Limit of 0.3 mg/kg established by the domestic and international regulations.

In this study, two novel sample extraction methods for the analysis of bisphenol A (BPA) in edible oils were developed by using liquid–liquid extraction followed by a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (LLE-DLLME) and reversed-phase dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (RP-DLLME). RP-DLLME showed a superior characteristic over LLE-DLLME and other previously reported procedures because of its easy operation, short extraction time, high sensitivity, low organic solvent consumption and waste generation. The optimized extraction conditions of RP-DLLME for 1.0 g of edible oil diluted in 4 mL of n-hexane were: extractant, 100 μL 0.2 M sodium hydroxide solution (80% methanol, v/v); extraction time, 1 min; centrifugation, 3 min. The determination of BPA was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a DAD detector. The method offered excellent linearity over a range of 0.010–0.5 μg g −1 with a correlation coefficient of r > 0.997. Intra-day and inter-day repeatability values expressed as relative standard deviation were 1.9% and 5.9%, respectively. The quantitation limit and detection limit were 6.3 and 2.5 ng g −1 . The target analyte was detected in 5 out of 16 edible oil samples. The recovery rates in real samples ranged from 89.5 to 99.7%.

In this paper, we present basic notions and relevant results in the area of grid scheduling. The current approaches of GA have little weaknesses when it was used in grid scheduling. We introduce mathematical model of grid scheduling and give a detailed GA method by using the "pattern theory" and "building block hypothesis" technologies. This modified method can decrease the randomicity of the current GA. And we use the MGA method to study grid-scheduling problems and find a necessary and sufficient design method. At last, we analyze the laboratory result to show that the modified algorithm has better characteristics than the standard GA when it was used in grid task scheduling.

A series of Ag–Pd/C catalysts with different Ag/Pd molar ratios were prepared by impregnation and characterized by N2 adsorption and XPS. The catalytic performance was investigated in the hydrodechlorination of carbon tetrachloride into chloroform. High selectivity toward chloroform, near 100%, was obtained over Ag–Pd/C bi-metal catalysts. A very pronounced surface enrichment with Ag in Ag–Pd/C catalysts determined by XPS may be responsible for the high selectivity of chloroform. It is suggested that hydrodechlorination of carbon tetrachloride into chloroform occurs on the surface of Ag in the Ag–Pd alloy and the role of Pd is to supply H atoms necessary.

There are a lot of redundant web pages on Internet. Based on tag statistic and text similarity comparison, we present a novel multilayer framework for detecting duplicated web pages in this paper. We propose two similarity text paragraphs detection algorithms and implement our framework. The experimental results show that our approach achieves high performance, which means that duplicated web pages can be efficiently detected simply by tag statistic and text comparison.

By constructing proper Lyapunov function and using some analysis techniques in the impulsive differential equation theory. A sufficient condition which ensures the global exponential periodicity and stability of neural networks with impulses and finite distributed delays is obtained. The obtained results in this paper improve and extend those given in the earlier literature.

In this paper, global exponential stability of a class of neural networks with finite distributed delays is investigated bymatrix measure technique and Halanay inequality. Several sufficient conditions are given to guarantee globalexponential stability of the neural networks without assuming the differentiability of delay. At last, two examples aregiven to illustrate the applicability of our results.