Search

A recent study conducted at Shihezi University in China has provided new insights into sepsis, a potentially life-threatening condition caused by bloodstream infections. The study focused on the role of a protein called B-lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1) in regulating inflammation and pyroptosis (a form of cell death) in sepsis. The researchers found that Blimp-1 could alleviate sepsis injury by reducing cellular inflammation and pyroptosis. These findings contribute to our understanding of sepsis and may have implications for the development of new treatments. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University in China investigated the distribution of B lymphocytes in individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on B lymphocyte differentiation in HCC patients. The researchers collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HCC patients and healthy individuals and examined the distribution of B lymphocyte subpopulations. They found that HCC patients had a higher proportion of CD19+ CD73+ B lymphocytes compared to the healthy group. In vitro experiments showed that DEX promoted the secretion of interleukin 10 (IL-10) from B lymphocytes in HCC patients. The study suggests that DEX may have an immunosuppressive effect in HCC patients by promoting IL-10 secretion. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Recep Tayyip Erdogan University explores the role of T and B lymphocytes in the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a liver disease associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. The study highlights the complex interplay between metabolic and immune responses in NASH and emphasizes the potential of targeted immunotherapeutic strategies for combating this prevalent disease. The research provides valuable insights into the immunological mechanisms underlying NASH and offers implications for future treatment approaches. For more information, the full study can be accessed through Frontiers in Immunology. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Guizhou, People's Republic of China, investigated the effects of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection on the immune system of mice. The researchers found that PRV infection led to a decrease in the levels of B and T lymphocytes, which are important components of adaptive immunity. This suggests that PRV infection may negatively impact the immune response in mice. The study was supported by the Guizhou Science and Technology Planning Project and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Department of Health of Moscow focused on patients with DiGeorge syndrome, a genetic condition characterized by immunodeficiency. The study aimed to compare the subpopulations of T and B lymphocytes in patients with and without autoimmune complications and identify prognostic signs that precede the development of complications. The researchers found that patients with autoimmune complications had a decrease in certain subpopulations of T and B lymphocytes, such as CD45RA+ naive T cells and memory B cells. These findings suggest that regular immunophenotyping, particularly of these subpopulations, can help predict autoimmune complications in patients with DiGeorge syndrome. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at the Russian Academy of Sciences focuses on the characteristics of the gene promoters of anti-inflammatory cytokines TGF-b and IL-10 in B lymphocyte cell models. The study found that IL10 and TGFB1 promoters showed increased activity in Reh pro-B cells compared to Raji mature B cells upon stimulation. The presence of a specific genetic variant was associated with enhanced TGFB1 promoter activity in Reh cells. The researchers suggest that the higher activity of IL10 and TGFB1 promoters in acute lymphoblastic leukemia Reh cells may be linked to increased immunosuppression. Additionally, the study suggests that the activation of pro-B cells may lead to their differentiation into macrophages, which can contribute to the development of colorectal cancer and other diseases. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for bispecific anti-human CD20/human transferrin receptor antibodies and methods of use. The patent describes the use of these antibodies to target CD20, a protein found on B-cells, in the treatment of B-cell lymphomas and autoimmune diseases. The antibodies can be administered to patients to destroy neoplastic B-cells or relieve symptoms of autoimmune disorders. The patent also includes claims for the composition of the antibodies and methods of treating multiple sclerosis. The assignee for the patent is F. Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in China investigated the efficacy and safety of ofatumumab in treating neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs). The study analyzed the clinical data of 25 patients with NMOSDs who were treated with ofatumumab. The patients were divided into two groups, and after one year of treatment, it was found that continuous administration of ofatumumab reduced recurrence of the disorder. However, caution should be exercised when combining ofatumumab with corticosteroids due to the risk of infection. [Extracted from the article]

This document is a patent application by inventor Jean-Marie Saint-Remy that discusses strategies to prevent and treat immune responses to soluble allofactors, which are proteins and factors used in the treatment of various diseases. The application focuses on the use of immunogenic peptides to prevent or suppress immune responses and activate regulatory T cells. The invention aims to improve treatments by reducing adverse immune reactions and enhancing therapeutic effects. It also mentions the potential use of hormones, peptides, and immunoglobulins in developing new drugs and therapies. This document provides valuable information for researchers in the field of immunology and proteomics. [Extracted from the article]

A recent preprint study explores the role of actin-binding proteins (ABPs) in B lymphocytes and their impact on immune responses. The study found that the ABP LSP1 is a key regulator of innate immune responses in B cells. LSP1 deficiency in B cells led to the upregulation of myeloid genes and the acquisition of myeloid morphology. Additionally, LSP1 deficiency resulted in dual functionality in B cells, exhibiting both strong phagocytic activity and high antibody production. The study also found that LSP1 deficiency induced the production of autoantibodies and accelerated the progression of experimental lupus in mice. The expression of LSP1 in B cells was downregulated in lupus patients and inversely correlated with myeloperoxidase expression. The findings highlight the critical involvement of LSP1 in promoting autoimmune responses and generating functionally chimeric B cells. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Medical University of Lublin in Poland explores the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in the immune response of endometriosis. The study found that patients with endometriosis had significantly higher expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 on T and B lymphocytes compared to the control group. The researchers suggest that targeting PD-1/PD-L1 could be a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of endometriosis, although further research with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm these findings. This study provides valuable insights into the immune modulation in endometriosis and its potential implications for future treatments. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been filed for a therapeutic combination of a CD19 inhibitor and a BTK inhibitor for the treatment of various types of cancers, as well as inflammatory, immune, and autoimmune disorders. The combination of these inhibitors has shown effectiveness in treating hyperproliferative diseases. The patent application also suggests that the combination of an anti-CD20 antibody with the CD19 and BTK inhibitors may be effective in treating these diseases. The patent application describes a method of treating hyperproliferative diseases, particularly cancer, by co-administering a CD19 inhibitor and a BTK inhibitor, and also includes the use of gemcitabine or albumin-bound paclitaxel in combination with the inhibitors. The invention encompasses the use of specific cancers, inhibitors, and additional therapies in combination with the CD19 and BTK inhibitors. [Extracted from the article]

A research report from Rostov State Medical University discusses findings on autoimmunity. The study focuses on the subpopulation composition of B-lymphocytes and the cytokine spectrum of peripheral blood in infectious and non-infectious manifestations of common variable immune deficiency (CVID). The researchers observed 10 individuals diagnosed with CVID and found that impaired formation of memory B-lymphocytes and cytokine dysregulation of immune processes were detected regardless of the clinical manifestation of CVID. The nature and degree of these changes varied depending on the clinical phenotype of the disease. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been filed for a method of identifying lead sequences for antibodies and T cell receptors. The method involves sequencing nucleic acid from B cells or T cells to identify paired sequences from intact cells and sequences from non-intact cells. The lead sequences are selected from clusters of homologous sequences, which may include sequences from non-intact cells. The method has potential applications in drug discovery and the development of therapeutics. The patent application was filed by inventors Albert Vilella Bertran and Daniel John Bolland. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Charles University of Prague discusses the association between the expression of CD200 on B lymphocytes and the count of eosinophils and basophils in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). The study aimed to evaluate this association in AD patients with and without dupilumab therapy, as well as in a control group. The researchers found a higher association between eosinophils and the expression of CD200 on memory, naive, and non-switched B lymphocytes in AD patients receiving dupilumab therapy, suggesting that the activation of B lymphocytes is caused by IL-4, which involves eosinophils and CD200. This research has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) explores the role of apoptosis in B lymphocyte development. The study found that self-reactive and polyreactive B cells, which have the potential to cause autoimmunity, are silenced through apoptosis, clonal deletion, receptor editing, or anergy. The researchers observed that self-reactivity and polyreactivity are most prevalent in early immature B cells and decrease during maturation in the bone marrow. Apoptosis increases significantly after immature B cells leave the bone marrow, but the majority of apoptotic transitional B cells are not self-reactive or polyreactive. The study suggests that receptor editing, rather than clonal deletion, is the primary mechanism for removing self-reactive B cells in the bone marrow. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Nanchang University in China discusses the findings of a study on the proportions and gene expression patterns of dual receptor T and B lymphocytes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and nasopharyngeal lymphatic hyperplasia (NLH). The researchers used single-cell RNA sequencing combined with T cell receptor (TCR) and B cell receptor (BCR) sequencing to analyze data from patients with NPC and NLH. They found that dual receptor lymphocytes were present in both the tumor microenvironment of NPC and the inflammatory environment of NLH, and they confirmed their clonal expansion. The study provides new insights into the features of dual receptor cells and contributes to a better understanding of the tumor microenvironment in NPC. The findings have the potential to improve diagnostic markers and treatment approaches. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Uniwersytet Warminsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie has provided new insights into the mechanism of action of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). CD20 is a protein found on the surface of B lymphocytes, and monoclonal antibodies against CD20 can effectively eliminate these cells. Four different anti-CD20 antibodies have been studied for the treatment of MS, and while they all target the same protein, they have different molecular and pharmacological characteristics. Clinical trials have consistently shown that the elimination of B cells is an effective method for slowing down the progression of MS. However, future therapies should focus on targeting specific pathogenic groups of B lymphocytes rather than eliminating the entire population of these cells. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Tsinghua University explores the role of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) in the interaction between orbital fibroblasts and B lymphocytes in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TED). TED is an inflammatory condition that involves immune response and damage to orbital tissue. The study found that IGF-1R expression was significantly elevated in TED orbital fibroblasts compared to controls. Blocking IGF-1R may reduce local inflammation in TED, and rituximab-mediated B lymphocyte depletion could inhibit inflammatory responses. This research provides a theoretical basis for the use of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies in TED treatment. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Naples Federico II in Italy explores the role of specific lymphocyte subpopulations in multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly in progressive stages. The study investigated the changes in lymphocytes during siponimod treatment in patients with active secondary progressive MS (aSPMS) and their associations with clinical outcomes. The findings revealed that patients treated with siponimod experienced a reduction in T and B lymphocytes, including CD4+, CD3+CD20+, naive regulatory T cells, and memory regulatory B cells. The study also found that disability progression while on siponimod treatment was associated with a less pronounced effect on B and CD3+CD20+ lymphocytes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Central South University in Changsha, China, explores the role of B lymphocytes in non-infectious uveitis, an autoimmune disease that can lead to severe visual impairment. While CD4+T cells have traditionally been thought to drive the immune-mediated imbalance in uveitis, recent research suggests that B cells also play a significant role in the disease process. Therapies targeting B cells, such as rituximab, have shown promise in treating non-infectious uveitis that is unresponsive to conventional treatments. This research aims to further investigate the mechanisms of B cells in uveitis and develop more effective prevention and treatment strategies. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Shihezi University in China have conducted a study on sepsis, a condition that can cause liver and lung tissue damage and is a leading cause of death. The study focused on the role of a protein called Blimp-1 in regulating inflammation and pyroptosis (cell death) in sepsis. Using animal and cell models, the researchers found that increasing the expression of Blimp-1 reduced inflammation and pyroptosis in septic mice and cells. This study suggests that Blimp-1 may have a protective role in sepsis by regulating cellular inflammation and pyroptosis. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Tomsk National Research Medical Center in Russia has found that only one-third of patients with advanced MSS/pMMR endometrial cancer respond well to the combination treatment of Pembrolizumab and Lenvatinib. The researchers analyzed tumor samples from 28 patients and found that the proportion of CD20+ B lymphocytes and the CD8-to-CD20 lymphocytes ratio were significantly higher in patients who responded to treatment compared to non-responders. These biomarkers can serve as prognostic markers for response to immunotargeted therapy and progression-free survival in patients with endometrial cancer. Further research is needed to explore tumor microenvironment parameters and identify accurate markers for this type of therapy. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Pavia in Italy examined the differences between autoantibody-negative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and autoantibody-positive RA, as well as psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The researchers investigated the synovial and serum immunophenotype indicative of B lymphocyte involvement in these conditions. They found that the degree of B lymphocyte infiltration and the frequency of lympho-myeloid synovitis were lower in autoantibody-negative RA compared to autoantibody-positive RA, but similar to polyarticular PsA. The study suggests that understanding the pathobiological differences between these conditions could lead to personalized treatment strategies. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) in South Korea has developed a novel fluorescent strategy for distinguishing between T and B lymphocytes using a transport system. The study utilized fluorescent probes to visualize live cells and target intracellular biomarkers without disrupting cellular functions. Through their research, the team identified two transporters, SLCO1B3 and SLC25A41, which play a crucial role in discriminating between T and B lymphocytes. This study is the first to unveil a novel strategy for exporting the probe and may open up new avenues for developing fluorescent probes. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Wageningen University and Research have conducted a study on the immunotoxic effects of perfluoralkylsubstances (PFASs), which are associated with adverse health effects. The study focused on the effects of 15 PFASs on gene expression in human B lymphoma and T cells. The results showed that certain PFASs, such as HFPO-TA and PFDA, had a significant impact on gene expression and may impair the generation of diverse B cells and T cell activation, leading to a reduced antibody response. The study provides insights into the mechanisms behind PFAS-induced immunotoxicity and suggests that the in vitro models used in the study can be useful for assessing the immunotoxic potential of PFASs. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for EBNA1 inhibitors and methods using them. EBV, a human gamma-herpesvirus, is responsible for various cancers and infectious mononucleosis. The patent describes a compound that targets EBNA1, a viral protein involved in the establishment of latent infection and the development of EBV-associated diseases. The compound has the potential to treat EBV infection, prevent lytic and latent EBV infection, and ameliorate diseases caused by EBNA1 activity, including certain cancers. This invention addresses the need for specific treatments for EBV-associated diseases and provides a potential therapeutic option. [Extracted from the article]

A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses the impact of the PI3K signaling pathway on B cell metabolism and immune functions. The study found that PI3K{delta} signaling can upregulate hexokinase 2 (HK2), an enzyme involved in glucose metabolism. HK2 is selectively expressed during B cell activation and plays a role in glycolysis and ATP production. Deletion of HK2 in mice resulted in impaired B cell development and functional responses, as well as altered metabolic profiles. The study also found that HK2 expression in human chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells was associated with recent proliferation and could be reduced by PI3K inhibition. However, it is important to note that this preprint has not been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A report from the University of Chicago discusses new research on life science, specifically focusing on the molecular mechanisms that protect B lymphocytes (a type of blood cell) from genotoxic stress. The research highlights the importance of strict regulation between cell proliferation and mutation in B cells to prevent autoimmune diseases and cancer. The study proposes a three-zone model of germinal centers, where B cells develop, to explain how proliferation and mutation are controlled. The findings have implications for understanding humoral immunity, autoimmunity, and lymphomagenesis. The research was supported by the National Institutes of Health and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A report from King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia discusses the value of monitoring specific immune cells in individuals newly diagnosed with HIV. The study found that monitoring CD16+CD56+ cells (NK cells) and CD19+ lymphocytes (B cells) can provide valuable information about viral load, AIDS status, and treatment efficacy. The research involved 82 newly diagnosed HIV patients and found that the counts of these immune cells increased after treatment and were negatively correlated with viral load. The study concludes that monitoring these immune cell phenotypes can help characterize the severity of HIV infection and monitor treatment effectiveness. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Chulalongkorn University in Bangkok, Thailand, explores the role of T and B lymphocyte cannabinoid type 1 and 2 receptors in major depression and suicidal behaviors. The study found that major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by activation of the immune-inflammatory response system and deficits in T regulatory cells. The researchers used flow cytometry to examine the number of cannabinoid receptors on T and B lymphocytes in MDD patients and healthy controls. They found that reductions in certain receptor percentages contribute to immune imbalances in MDD, while increased percentages of other receptors may contribute to the pathophysiology of MDD. The study also found that administration of cannabidiol increased the number of immune cells. These findings provide new insights into the immune system's role in depression and may have implications for future treatment approaches. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Cologne have developed a new strategy to improve the effectiveness and safety of chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T cell) therapy for aggressive lymphomas and blood cancer. CAR T cell therapy involves genetically engineering immune cells to target proteins on tumor cells. The researchers used two CAR constructs with different target proteins, CD19 and CD80/CD86, to activate the T cells against the tumor cells. This approach allows for more effective cancer cell fighting while sparing healthy B lymphocytes. The next step is to conduct clinical trials to test this strategy in patients with B-cell lymphoma. [Extracted from the article]