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Oxidative stress is closely linked to the decline inof female fertility caused by various factors. Antioxidants, which can counteract oxidative stress. have been increasingly used as adjunctive therapy for women with reduced fertility. However, there are limited clinical studies on whether antioxidants can enhance fertility in women with low reproductive capacity and improve pregnancy outcomes, with inconsistent results and generally low-quality evidence. This paper reviewed the impact of oxidative stress on female fertility and discusses the progress of research on the application of antioxidants in common conditions that lead to reduced female fertility and are closely associated with oxidative stress, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, and unexplained infertility, aiming to provide a reference for clinical treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digestive tract malignant tumor refers to the general term of malignant tumor occurring in digestive tract, including esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer and pancreatic cancer. Narrative nursing is a kind of nursing measure developed from narrative medicine with the characteristics of holistic nursing concept and humanistic care. This paper reviwed the application research progress of narrative nursing in clinical nursing of patients with digestive tract malignant tumor, and put forward relevant suggestions, so as to provide basis for follow-up nurses to implement narrative nursing intervention for patients with digestive tract malignant tumor and provided reference for further improvement of narrative nursing intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood, and its pathogenesis is not yet clear. In recent years, the imbalance of intestinal flora has attracted more and more attention to the occurrence and development of childhood asthma. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the lung and the large intestine are interrelated, and the occurrence of childhood asthma is closely related to the dysfunction of the lung and the large intestine, while Western medicine believes that the occurrence of childhood asthma is related to various factors. Among them, pulmonary immune imbalance caused by intestinal flora disorder is one of the important causes of its occurrence. This paper discussed the occurrence of childhood asthma by focusing on pulmonary and intestinal pathophysiology, so as to provide new targets or therapeutic ideas for the prevention and treatment of childhood asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vitamin D is an indispensable fat-soluble vitamin in the human body, mainly in the form of vitamin D2 and vitamin D3,which can be synthesized by the skin and ingested in the diet. Vitamin D deficiency is currently a global public health problem, with approximately one billion people worldwide suffering from vitamin D deficiency, and pregnant women are at high risk. Gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM） refers to normal glucose metabolism before pregnancy, and abnormal glucose tolerance of different degrees occurs for the first time during pregnancy, which is one of the complications of pregnancy. Continuous studies have proved that vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is closely related to GDM,which can affect glucose balance through various mechanisms, leading to an increased risk of GDM. In addition, GDM increases the incidence of maternal and infant complications such as hyperamniotic fluid, pregnancy-induced hypertension, premature rupture of membranes, premature delivery, macrosomia, low body weight, and teratoma, which threatens maternal and infant health. In recent years, the research on the correlation between vitamin D and GDM has been increasing, and its correlation has been paid more and more attention by more and more scholars. This paper reviewed the research progress on the correlation between vitamin D and GDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the literature on virtual reality (VR) technology interventions for autistic children published from 2014 to 2022. It shows that different VR systems in these studies have improved different symptoms of autism, and points out the feasibility of VR technology interventions for autistic children [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alzheimer′s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a hidden onset and complex pathology. The clinical diagnosis of AD has probably developed to the middle or late stage. The relative protein biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid can pass through the blood-brain barrier and participate the peripheral circulation in the very early stage of AD. Peripheral blood biomarker detection has the characteristics of convenient collection and minimal trauma, and is expected to become the most promising early screening and follow-up method. However, the traditional immunoassay methods cannot meet the demand for the accurate quantitative analysis of ultra-trace protein biomarkers in peripheral blood. In recent years, the newly developed immunoassay techniques in recent years have been widely applied in the analysis of ultra trace protein biomarkers. The paper reviews the recent research progress and analysis methods of early peripheral blood biomarkers of AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heat shock protein 70(HSP70) is a protein that can inhibit cell protein denaturation or expansion under stress or high temperature. It plays a key role in the expression of inflammatory factors, inhibition of apoptosis, and inhibition of protein aggregation. HSP70 is a protein that can inhibit cell protein denaturation or expansion under stress or high temperature. It plays a key role in the expression of inflammatory factors, inhibition of apoptosis, and inhibition of protein aggregation. This paper expounds the close relationship between heat shock protein 70 and the pathogenesis of lung diseases such as lung cancer, pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis and asthma, and provides a new idea for the rapid diagnosis of lung diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A patent foramen ovale(PFO) is a cardiac anatomical abnormality that usually fails to close normally at birth, resulting in the blood flow channel between the left ventricle and the right ventricle still existing. In recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that there is a correlation between PFO and migraine, especially in migraine patients with aura. With the continuous development of interventional techniques in cardiology, interventional closure has become an effective method for the treatment of PFO. Studies have shown that the closure of PFO by using a closure device can reduce the risks associated with patent foramen ovale, such as stroke. More encouragingly, some studies have found that PFO closure may help reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks. Anxiety and depression are common mental complications in migraine patients. Percutaneous PFO closure has shown favorable results in alleviating migraine symptoms and improving psychological status and quality of life. This review will also discuss the safety and efficacy of PFO closure, as well as the mechanisms associated with migraine, in order to further explore the clinical advances in this field. Finally, this paper emphasize the necessity of screening and managing the mental health status of patients, and expects that future research can provide more clear guidance for PFO closure in the treatment of migraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Post-stroke cognitive impairment （PSCI）, refers to a range of clinical syndromes of cognitive impairment caused by stroke. Although its specific pathogenesis is still unclear, many studies have confirmed that endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria interaction has become a key hub for intracellular signal transduction and substance metabolism, and its regulation of various biological processes, such as Ca2+ balance, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy, and neuroinflammation, is closely related to the development of PSCI. Therefore, in this paper, we will review the various functions of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial interactions and explore their specific roles in PSCI, in order to discover new therapeutic targets and provide new theoretical basis and references for the development of PSCI-targeted drugs in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The patient-reported outcome measurement information system can help doctors make decisions, promote nursing-patient communication and improve patient compliance, which has been widely used in lung cancer clinical practice in Western countries and has become the most valuable tool for evaluating outcome indicators in lung cancer patients. This paper reviewed the current status of the application of patient-reported outcome measurement information system for lung cancer patients both domestically and internationally, aiming to provide reference for clinical nursing research and improve the quality of life of lung cancer patients. The patient-reported outcome measurement information system still has great development potential in the field of lung cancer in China, and it was expected that more practical explorations to promote its true implementation and development in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteoporosis (OP) is one of the main problems affecting the health of middle-aged and elderly people, and its most serious complication is osteoporotic fracture (OPF), which also has a high disability and mortality rate. The accurate screening and diagnosis of OP mainly rely on imaging analysis, and the diagnosis result rely on the subjective judgment of doctors. Therefore, the traditional imaging method of OP have certain challenges to the accurate screening, diagnosis and differentiation of OP. The cross-fusion of machine learning (ML) and imaging images effectively improves the diagnostic efficiency of clinicians, while realizing the prediction of unknown diseases (such as OPF). Recently, significant progress has been made in the screening and diagnosis of OP and in the diagnosis and prediction of OPF. This paper will review the recent related studies on ML model-assisted screening and diagnosis of OP based on imaging data, so as to provide new ideas for accurate clinical diagnosis and treatment of OP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a persistent neurological disorder, its main pathological changes are age spots and neurofibrillary tangles, there is no treatment to prevent its progression currently. Autophagy is an intracellular degradation pathway that maintains cellular homeostasis by removing large insoluble proteins. With the deepening of related studies, it is found that the dysfunction of autophagy is related to the pathological process of AD. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can regulate autophagy and play a protective role in AD, but the specific mechanism is not fully understood. This paper reviewed the role of H2S in regulating autophagy in the pathological process of AD in recent years, providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pericardial effusion is a potentially life-threatening complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in children. The incidence of pericardial effusion in children was 4.4% to 37.8%.The occurrence of pericardial effusion is related to many risk factors such as transplant-related thrombomicroangiopathy, pretreatment drugs, graft-versus-host disease, graft type, immunosuppressant, infection and so on. The treatment of pericardial effusion lacks a unified protocol, mainly focus onsupportive treatment, etiologic treatment and pericardial puncture. his paper reviewed the risk factors and treatment of pericardial effusion after HSCT in recent years, and provided suggestions for improving the early identification, diagnosis and treatment of pericardial effusion after HSCT in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vascular endothelial injury is the initiating factor in atherosclerosis Currently, western medical treatment is ineffective and has many adverse effects. It has been found that flavonoids, the active ingredients of Chinese medicine, can regulate endothelial cell function by reducing inflammation, inhibiting oxidative stress, improving apoptosis and autophagy. They have the advantages of multiple pathways, links and targets in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, and have great potential for development. This paper reviewed the recent studies on the mechanism of flavonoids in improving endothelial injury, and provided reference and theoretical basis to promote the discovery of new drug candidates for vascular endothelial injury and the wide application of flavonoids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are currently one of the chronic diseases with the heaviest disease burden in China. With the gradual aging of China's population, the traditional chronic disease management mode of "disease-centered" can no longer meet the health service needs of current residents. The chronic disease management model based on the concept of "active health" is a new type of "health-centered" chronic disease health management model. This mode has established a closer, more convenient and affordable communication mode between residents and family doctor teams.It saves the time, manpower and economic cost of family doctor team service, and is conducive to improving the quality and efficiency of chronic disease management and residents' health literacy. Taking cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases as an example, this paper discusseed the chronic disease management mode and research content based on the concept of "active health" aiming to explore the form and standard of "active health" chronic disease management mode, and provide reference for the promotion of this mode [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is one of the common acute and critical cardiovascular diseases. Currently, the methods used to diagnose APE rely on imaging and laboratory tests. The commonly used imaging detection methods are complex, consuming time, inconvenient handling for acute and severe patients and high examination cost. Therefore, exploring a simple, economical and effective evaluation method for acute non-high-risk pulmonary embolism patients has important clinical significance. Immune/inflammatory response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular disease. Representative indicators in blood include neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-related indicators, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune/inflammatory index, etc. This paper focused on the value of novel inflammatory markers in predicting the diagnosis and prognosis of APE patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: In cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis, cytokines and signaling pathways that target chondrocytes play an important role. OBJECTIVE: To review the latest research progress of osteoarthritis related cytokines and signaling pathways in recent years, such as the mechanism of action and treatment modalities, in order to provide a basis for future exploration of new therapeutic targets and modalities. METHODS: Literature search was conducted on CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, and Medline databases. Chinese search terms were “osteoarthritis, cytokines, signal pathway, chondrocyte, inflammation, treatment”. Finally, 60 papers were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In current studies, it is believed that the specific mechanism of osteoarthritis is not clear, and a large number of studies have shown that osteoarthritis is strongly associated with cytokines and signaling pathways, which is a complex process of action. Relevant studies taking cytokines and signaling pathways as therapeutic breakthroughs are also the current hot spot. (2) The receptor antagonists of pro-inflammatory factors such as interleukin 1 are not effective in the treatment of osteoarthritis, and more studies turn to gene therapy. (3) The therapeutic methods of transforming growth factor β, recombinant factors of Wnt signaling pathway, gene therapy and mesenchymal stem cells have obtained positive research results. However, basic and clinical studies on safety and efficacy are likely to be conducted in future studies. (4) At present, relevant therapeutic methods such as platelet-rich plasma have been widely used in clinical practice, while recombinant factor, gene therapy and mesenchymal stem cell therapy are all in the research stage, among which mesenchymal stem cell therapy and gene therapy are expected to make breakthroughs in the field of cartilage repair and regeneration, and are worthy of expectation in the future. However, more clinical and basic studies are needed to verify its effectiveness and safety, explore its mechanism of action and scope of application, and set standards for its clinical use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parkinson′s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease commonly in the elderly, which is mainly characterized by resting tremor, bradykinesia, and muscle tonus. Caenorhabditis elegans has its unique advantages in the study of neurological diseases and is a widely used model organism. The paper briefly summarized the characteristics of the Caenorhabditis elegans model and focuses on the application of Caenorhabditis elegans in the study of PD, which provided reference and options for the study of PD mechanism and the development of new drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Currently, electrospun nanofibers, which are biomimetic materials of natural extracellular matrix and contain a three-dimensional network of interconnected pores, have been successfully used as scaffolds for various tissue regeneration, but are still faced with the challenge of extending the biomaterials into three-dimensional structures to reproduce the physiological, chemical as well as mechanical properties of the tissue microenvironment. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the process and principles of electrostatic spinning and to explore the applications of the resulting electrospun nanofibers in tissue regeneration of skin, blood vessels, nerves, bone, cartilage and tendons/ligaments. METHODS: With “electrospinning, electrospun nanofibers, electrospun nanofiber scaffolds, tissue regeneration” as the Chinese and English search terms, Google Academic Database, PubMed, and CNKI were searched, and finally 88 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The electrospun nanofibers are a natural fibrous extracellular matrix mimetic material and contain a three-dimensional network of interconnected pores that have been successfully used as scaffolds for a variety of tissue regeneration applications. (2) Several papers have described the great potential of electrospun nanofiber scaffolds applied to the regeneration of skin, blood vessels, nerves, bones, cartilage and tendons/ ligaments, providing a solid theoretical basis for its final application in clinical disease treatment, or for its transformation into practical products to enter the market. (3) However, the current research results are mostly based on cell experimental research results in vitro, and whether it can be finally applied to human body still needs clinical verification. (4) At present, many kinds of electrospun products for various clinical needs have been commercialized in and outside China, indicating that the research field of electrospun nanofiber scaffolds for soft and hard tissue regeneration has great research value and application potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every link in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors is closely related to immune regulation. In recent years, the research of Ferroptosis and the killing of tumor cells by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors is a hot spot. Because of the effect of its precise treatment of tumors, it has been more and more applied in clinical treatment. However, there is still no study on the combination of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and Ferroptosis treatment of tumor cells. In this paper, mechanism of Ferroptosis, relationship between Ferroptosis and tumor, and PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy of tumor are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Refeeding syndrome (RFS) is a series of life-threatening clinical symptoms caused by abnormal metabolism in the early stage of re-intake of nutrition in the patients with chronic malnutrition. Due to the lack of specificity it is difficult to identify, and has higher mortality in ICU patients. At present, there are few studies on the management and prognosis of RFS by domestic scholars, moreover the specific management measures are still controversial. In addition, there are also differences in the methods and conclusions of RFS prognostic studies. Thus this paper systematically reviews the diagnostic criteria, occurrence status, management status and disease prognosis of RFS, aiming at offering the experience to medical staffs on RFS management and providing reference for follow-up related research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury of knee joint is a common sports injury, which can lead to instability of knee joint, reduce the movement ability of the patients, and affect the quality of life of the patients. This paper reviews the anatomy, injury risk factors, imaging findings and treatment of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee aiming to provide further understanding for clinical prevention and treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to review treatment delay in first-episode schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder, and to compare related factors of treatment delay in the three first-episode mental disorders. It is found that increased patient responsibility, stigma, lack of disease-related knowledge, lack of access to resources, and insufficient medical support lead to delay treatment, and making patients to have longer course, heavier symptoms, and lower social functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Purpose/Significance] Identifying potential technological opportunities will help countries and enterprises seize scientific and technological opportunities, which is particularly important for innovation entities to enhance their core competitiveness and gain competitive advantages in scientific and technological innovation and application. A systematic review of existing research is provided on technology opportunity identification, discriminating current limitations and research prospects to provide theoretical support for further research and practice on technology opportunity identification. [Method/Process] This paper first clarifies the connotation and types of technology opportunities, and the research holds that technology opportunities can be divided into three types: emerging technology, blank technology and fusion technology. It then sorts out the research status of three different types of technology opportunity identification at home and abroad through literature review, and focuses on the summary of the characteristics of different types of technology opportunity identification. It includes the core ideas, main methods, representative literature, and each type of data sources, and evaluates the existing research results. Finally, the limitations of the current research, and the development direction of future are discussed. [Results/Conclusions] Diversified types of technology opportunity identification are found and rich research methods are used in the literature, and a relatively standardized and systematic research paradigm has come into being. By analyzing each type of technology opportunity, some common elements can be found, including representative methods, method principles, data sources, knowledge representation units, technology opportunity definitions, technology opportunity evaluation, advantages and disadvantages, and other characteristics. The main limitations of the existing research are summarized as follows. First, the existing research is primarily carried out from a single perspective view, and a complete system of cross-domain technology identification and reference methods has not yet been formed. Second, in terms of data sources, most of the data sources of technology opportunity identification are papers or patent data, and there is a lack of research on the integration of multi-source data and study on multiple relationships. In terms of identification methods, the representative technology is primarily at a macro or micro level, and the semantic relationship between words is seldom considered. Finally, in terms of post-evaluation, there is a lack of a comprehensive and systematic evaluation system. The possible research work in the future may focus on the following aspects: cross-field and cross-topic technology opportunity identification to achieve cross convergence among more technology elements will become the development trend; more diversified and targeted data sources, research methods, and research content are expected; the analysis framework and process will be more standardized, and the post-evaluation system will be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific complication, and hypertension is the main feature of preeclampsia.At present, preeclampsia is still an important cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, and its pathogenesis is still unclear.The immune intolerance of pregant women to allogeneic embryos is one of the important mechanisms of preeclampsia.miR-155 has important value in the regulation of immune function and can accurately regulate the expression of interleukin-17A.Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1（SOCS1） has been reported to be the only direct target of miR-155 in CD4+T cells and has the biological function of regulating T cell differentiation.This paper preliminarily expounded that miR-155 in placental-derived exosomes affects the differentiation of Treg cells and Th17 cells and the production of IL-17 by inhibiting SOCS1 and regulating JAK/STAT pathway, which provided theoretical guidance for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of preeclampsia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With more and more orthopedic instruments and implants used to treat damaged human joints and other tissues, finite element analysis has been more widely used in the field of orthopedic engineering. The finite element analysis method can divide the complex structure into small interacting elements to further reflect the stress and strain of the whole structure. Based on the application background of finite element analysis in orthopedic instruments and implants, this paper summarized and sorted out the application research progress of finite element method in modeling process, material structure selection of implants, implant approach, etc., prospected the application prospect of finite element method in orthopedic engineering, and pointed out the existing shortcomings. In order to provide reference for orthopedic transplantation before, during and after surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the nursing intervention methods of anticipatory grief (AG) in caregivers of patients with chronic diseases mainly include narrative intervention, psychosocial intervention, cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness intervene, family dignity intervention, and expressive writing. This paper reviews the relevant research at home and abroad, in order to provide reference for the development of AG nursing intervention programs for caregivers of patients with chronic diseases in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Duhuo Jisheng Decoction affects the synthesis and apoptosis of bone and cartilage by inhibiting the expression of ASFla and HIRA, reducing the levels of cytochrome C and nitric oxide, and regulating some inflammatory factors. The application examples of Duhuo Jisheng Decoction in different bone trauma and reconstruction have confirmed that it has a good effect in the application of common orthopedic diseases such as lumbocrural pain, arthritis, and scapulohumeral periarthritis. Based on the pharmacological analysis of Duhuo Jisheng Decoction, this paper reviews the clinical application of Duhuo Jisheng Decoction in the treatment of orthopedic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Ischemic stroke is one of the main causes of death and long-term disability, and the incidence is still rising year by year, seriously affecting the quality of life. Blood-brain barrier injury is an important pathological process that leads to a poor prognosis of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. However, due to the limited treatment methods and limitations of multiple factors, it is urgent to find new treatment methods to repair blood-brain barrier injury. OBJECTIVE: To review the relevant mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in regulating the blood-brain barrier after cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury, to further explore new ways to protect the blood-brain barrier and provide assistance for clinical treatment. METHODS: The keywords were “traditional Chinese medicine, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, blood-brain barrier, cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury” in Chinese and English. WanFang, CNKI, PubMed, and Web of Science databases from 2012 to 2022 were retrieved for articles regarding the related mechanism of the blood-brain barrier damage and the related mechanism of Chinese medicine combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in regulating the blood-brain barrier. The obsolete and unqualified articles were excluded and 97 articles were included for analysis and summary. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The physiological structure of the blood-brain barrier and the pathological changes of the blood-brain barrier structure after cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury were combed. (2) This paper summarized the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in regulating the blood-brain barrier after cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury, including regulating the expression of tight junction protein, inhibiting the activity of aquaporin-4 and matrix metalloproteinase-9, promoting angiogenesis, inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators, and regulating exosomes. (3) It is concluded that traditional Chinese medicine combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can improve the permeability of the damaged blood-brain barrier and provide assistance for clinical treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases in the world. According to the latest statistics, the incidence of asthma is increasing year by year, but the effective control rate is only 45%. Its recurrent nature seriously affects people′s physical and mental health. Currently, the asthma guidelines recommend the control of medication is still to inhaled glucocorticosteroids and beta agonists is given priority to, although it is true that recent years the emergence of the biological preparation makes severe asthma control, due to economic factors in patients with difficult to sustain, lead to drug is difficult to popularize, asthma clinical control effect is still poor, and even can be life threatening. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new drugs for asthma. In recent years, Suzi-Jiangqi decoction has significant curative effect in the treatment of asthma with few side effects. This paper reviewed the mechanism of action of the active ingredients of Suzi-Jiangqi decoction in the treatment of asthma, in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in Chinese women. In recent years, with the introduction of precision therapy, immunotherapy has become a new treatment option. However, many patients still do not benefit from it, suggesting the need to find new targets and treatments. T-lymphocyte immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory template (TIGIT) is a novel immune molecule that has been found to be aberrantly expressed in a variety of solid tumors. This paper outlined the progress of TIGIT research in the immune response to breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The urgent need for large-scale hydrogen production has led to extensive research on low-cost, efficient and stable water splitting catalysts. Studies have shown that the chemical properties of selenides and sulfides are not only very similar, but also transition metal (Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, Cu, etc.) selenides have good catalytic effects on hydrogen and oxygen evolution. In recent years, in order to replace noble metals and their derivatives, some reports have proposed various methods to enhance the electrocatalytic activity of nickel selenide (NixSey)-based catalysts. This paper reviews the latest progress of NixSey-based electrocatalysts for HER, OER and overall water splitting. The advantages and limitations of NixSey-based electrocatalysts are discussed from the aspects of interface, defects, crystal structure and composition. In addition, we highlight new strategies and future challenges for the design and synthesis of high-performance electrocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Allergic rhinitis (AR), as a recurrent allergic inflammatory disease, has an increasing inci- dence year by year in China, which seriously affects the work and life of patients. However, the pathogenesis of AR is still unclear, and the studies have found that intestinal flora and fecal metabolites can not only interact with each other, but both can participate in the occurrence and development of AR by affecting mucosal barrier function, regulating immunity, and so on, which may provide new possibilities for the treatment of AR. This paper reviewed the articles on the relationship between intestinal flora and related fecal metabolites and AR in recent years, in order to provide ideas for the treatment and pathogenesis of AR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anti-platelet therapy is the basic strategy for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke. Aspirin plays an anti-platelet aggregation role by inhibiting TXA2 pathway, while thiopyridine drugs such as clopidogrel and ticagrelor play an anti-platelet aggregation role by inhibiting ADP pathway. Both of these pathways play a role in the upstream pathway of platelet aggregation, while platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/II a receptor is the final pathway of platelet aggregation and thrombosis, and the antagonists can quickly exert their anti-platelet aggregation effects by directly binding to GP II b/ II a receptors.. Tirofiban is the main GP IIb/Il a receptor antagonist used in clinic in China at present, and its application in cardiovascular field and coronary intervention therapy has also been recommended by authoritative guidelines for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease at home and abroad. However, the application of tirofiban in cerebrovascular diseases is still in the exploratory stage, lacking the support of large-scale clinical trial data, and it belongs to off-label drug use. This paper reviewed the application status and research progress of tirofiban in acute ischemic stroke based on the relevant literature at home and abroad in recent five years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mitochondria is one of the important organelles in eukaryotic cells, participating in various physiological activities. Ferroptosis is a new iron-dependent programmed cell death, which is characterized by iron overload, antioxidant system imbalance and lipid peroxidation. Mitochondria are involved in various forms of cell death. It is of great significance to understand the role of mitochondria in ferroptosis for cell biology and clinical disease treatment. In this paper, the role of mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle. oxidative phospho- rylation. mitochondrial mitophagy, mitochondrial DNA and other aspects in the occurrence of ferroptosis was discussed. which provided theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of ferroptosis-related diseases based on mitochondria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interleukin (IL)-37 is a member of the IL-1 family, which can control excessive inflammation and immunity during the progression of inflammation, thus protecting or mitigating tissue damage. Macrophages are the key cellular components in the innate immune system. Under the action of local microenvironment, macrophages can be activated into pro-inflammatory M1 type and anti-inflammatory M2 type to participate in the inflammatory process. With the deepening of research in recent years. the role of IL-37 in combating excessive inflammation in a variety of inflammatory diseases by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization or promoting M2 macrophage polarization has been mentioned more and more. This paper mainly reviewed the anti-inflammatory mechanism and macrophage polarization of IL-37, and focused on the role of IL-37 in various inflammatory diseases by regulating macrophage polarization, and its therapeutic value in inflammatory diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pesticides play an important role in improving the yield and quality of agricultural products, but the irregular use of pesticides lead to excessive pesticide residues, which poses potential risks to people, livestock and the environment. For rapid monitoring of pesticide residues, rapid detection methods such as enzyme inhibition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, colloidal gold immune chromatography, and biosensor have been widely used. Among them, optical sensors have attracted much attention for their high sensitivity and selectivity in the precise recognition and detection of pesticide molecules. This paper mainly introduces the precise recognition of pesticides by antibodies, aptamers, molecularly imprinted polymers, and metal-organic frameworks. The application of optical sensor based pesticide molecule identification technology in pesticide residue detection were reviewed from five aspects: colorimetry, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance. The advantages, disadvantages, and development trend of the optical sensor based precise recognition technology for pesticide molecules was also summarized and prospected. This article provides a reference for the development of rapid detection technology for precise identification of pesticide residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: With the aging of population, sarcopenia in type 2 diabetes mellitus has gradually emerged in front of people. Increasing physical activity is an important approach to prevent and treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and its related sarcopenia. However, current intervention plan, effect evaluation and mechanism of different physical activities in type 2 diabetes-related sarcopenia are still not detailed. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the intervention program, effect evaluation and mechanism of physical activity in type 2 diabetes-related sarcopenia, thereby providing theoretical basis and practical suggestions for physical activity to improve the disease. METHODS: Search terms included “Diabetes Mellitus; T2DM; Sarcopenia; Muscular Atrophy; Exercise; Training; physical activity” in English and Chinese. PubMed and CNKI were searched for relevant literature published from January 1986 to February 2022, including review papers, research papers and meta-analysis. Finally, 53 literatures were included for the review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Appropriate increase in non-leisure physical activity (daily steps above 5 401 per day) can reduce the probability of sarcopenia and maintain physical exercise function in elderly type 2 diabetes patients. Increasing leisure physical activity can prevent the incidence of sarcopenia in elderly type 2 diabetes patients, and any regular physical exercise can be effective. Resistance exercise is significantly superior to aerobic exercise in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes-related sarcopenia. A resistance exercise of moderate intensity and above (3 times a week, 70%-85% 1RM) can effectively increase muscle mass and strength performance in type 2 diabetes patients with sarcopenia, while aerobic exercise mainly delays skeletal muscle loss. Combining resistance exercise with aerobic exercise, nutritional intervention and health education can increase patient compliance and improve treatment efficacy. Resistance exercise mainly improves protein synthesis by activating IRS-PI3K-Akt, mTORC1, p70S6K and 4EBP1 signaling pathways, and improve muscle mass and functions by stimulating muscle satellite cell proliferation and differentiation. Aerobic exercise mainly delays muscle loss by inhibiting ubiquitin protein ligases Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 and skeletal muscle autophagy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to review the relationship between dietary inflammatory index and mental disorders, so as to provide references for nutritional interventions for patients with mental disorders. The high disability rate and intractability of mental illness bring huge economic burden and medical pressure to patients' families and society. Dietary nutrition is crucial to the rehabilitation of mental illness. As a new type of index to measure food pro-inflammatory index, dietary inflammatory index is closely related to the occurrence and development of mental illness. Therefore, this paper reviews the development, calculation and correlation with mental illness of dietary inflammatory index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spastic hemiplegia, also known as upper motor neuron paralysis and central hemiplegia, is one of the common symptoms and important complications of stroke sequelae, and it is a major problem in the rehabilitation treatment of stroke patients in the later stage, which seriously affects the patients’ daily life and social participation.it brings serious burden to the family and society, so exploring effective treatment methods has been paid more and more attention. In recent years, clinical observation and related studies have found that acupuncture combined with exercise therapy is significant in the treatment of this disease. This paper summarizes the relevant literature on acupuncture combined with exercise in the treatment of spastic hemiplegia after stroke, and reviews the clinical research situation of different acupuncture methods combined with exercise treatment for stroke spastic hemiplegia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The OPRL1 gene encodes the nociceptin opioid peptide (NOP) receptor, while the NOP and its endogenous ligand nociceptin/orphanin FQ(N/OFQ), as an important member of the endocannabinoid system, can regulate a variety of biological functions and neurological behaviors, which are closely related to pain and psychiatric disorders such as depressive disorders, psychoactive substance-induced disorders, and stress-related disorders. This paper reviews the research progress on the relationship of OPRL1 gene with pain and psychosomatic disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the three-dimensional quality evaluation model of structure-process result, this paper reviewed the evaluation indexes of nursing staff empathy fatigue management quality. The structural indicators mainly include working environment, knowledge and technology system and policy support. The process indicators include empathy fatigue assessment, empathy fatigue intervention and monitoring. The results indexes included quality of life, mental health, job satisfaction and turnover rate, so as to provide reference for the construction of evaluation index system of nursing staff empathy fatigue management quality, and then improve the ability of nursing staff empathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental disorders could critically lead to disability. The World Health Organization developed the- World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 to assess the social adaptation and behavioral disorders of patients with mental disorders, and expanded it to measure the functional loss of any diseases. The classification and grading criteria of disability of the People's Republic of China defines and classifies mental disabilities under the national context. There are few reports in foreign countries on the disability prevalence of mental disorders in population and in patients. The standards for assessing disability have not been unified. The second National Sample Survey on Disability in China reported the disability prevalence attributed to mental disorders and the demographic distribution of the population, providing scientific evidence for the research of mental disability. At present, few data of patients with mental disability are available both at home and abroad. By searching domestic and foreign literature, this paper summarizes the definition, assessment methods, disability prevalence of mental disorders in population and in patients, demographic distribution, and the association between various mental disorders and disability in order to provide information for further research on mental disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eating disorders (EDs) are a kind of chronic disease with high relapse rate and heavy disease burden. Patients with EDS have neurocognitive deficits related to executive function, among which the main manifestations are abnormal attentional bias and inhibitory control. Event-related potential studies are being undertaken to explore the underlying neural mechanism of cognitive abnormalities in EDS. This paper reviews the research of event-related potentials in EDs from the aspect of attentional bias and inhibition control. Suggestions for the future diagnosis and treatment programs based on neurocognitive mechanism are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of medical level and the increase of child survival rate, chronic diseases show an increasing trend year by year. Due to the immature stage of children′s mental development and cognitive ability, it not only brings great challenges to pediatric treatment and nursing work, but also causes short-term or long-term effects on children′s psychological and social status if there is no timely intervention. This review summarized the definition and principles of therapeutic play, and summarized the classification of therapeutic play, including distracting games, medical program preparation games, rehabilitation or sports training games, health education games and emotional expression games. This paper discussed the application of therapeutic play in cognitive, emotional and interpersonal fields at home and abroad, in order to provide a reference basis for the application of therapeutic play in the practice of chronic diseases in pediatrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thyroid cancer(THCA) is a common malignant tumor of the head and neck, and the incidence rate has increased year by year in recent years.The risk factors of THCA are not clear, and relevant studies have shown that this may be related to demographic factors, environmental factors, genetic and epigenetic factors, among which epigenetic factors are the research hotspots in the pathogenesis of THCA in recent years.In this paper, RNA methylation factors in epigenetics were reviewed, in order to further reveal the pathogenesis of THCA,understand its prognosis and hereditability, and provide a basis for the accurate and scientific prevention and control of THCA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Messenger RNA(mRNA)delivery technology refers to the synthesis of mRNA by in vitro transcription and delivery to cells, and the expression of corresponding proteins to exert important biological functions.In recent years, mRNA delivery technology has become a research frontier and hotspot in vaccine and gene therapy.mRNA is generally packaged with nanoparticles or non-nanoparticles for delivery.Despite many advances, the lack of effective and non-toxic delivery methods remains a major factor limiting the application of mRNA.The use of viral systems(such as lentiviruses and adeno-associated viruses)has been widely recognized as an effective way to deliver nucleic acids, but an unwanted immune response is a fundamental barrier to its development.As a result, more and more non-viral vectors(including lipids, polymers, nano-based carriers or functional carriers)have attracted attention as safe and effective delivery vehicles.This paper reviewed the progress, challenges and future directions of various mRNA delivery materials in recent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adequate bone tissue is a prerequisite for oral implant administration. The common causes of bone defect are periodontal disease, trauma, cyst or tumor removal and related systemic diseases. With the development of oral implant surgery, advances in bone augmentation techniques have become a significant topic in the field of oral implantology. In this paper, the application progress of this topic is reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common liver disease worldwide. To date, the US Food and Drug Administration has not approved any treatment for NAFLD. According to the latest diagnosis and treatment guidelines, the primary goal of treatment for NAFLD patients is to lose weight, and dietary intervention is the main means of treatment. The patients can not take into account the nutrition and treatment of daily diet adjustment, unscientific diet and fat reduction can aggravate the progress of fatty liver. The emergence of food for special medical purpose (FSMP) and its successful application in diabetes and other chronic diseases show that it plays an auxiliary role in the treatment of diseases. The development of a FSMP for NAFLD will bring more benefits to the patients. This paper reviewed the development status of FSMP and analyzed the research status of FSMP related to NAFLD,explored the advantages of FSMP compared to conventional dietary interventions, in order to provide theoretical reference for the development and application of NAFLD FSMP in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small vessel disease plays an important role in cerebrovascular diseases, which is the main cause of cognitive decline and functional loss in the elderly. Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a syndrome characterized by a series of clinical, pathological and imaging changes caused by small vascular structural or functional lesions. Some patients often come to hospital with dizziness as the main symptom and complaint. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that CSVD can lead to dizziness, but the mechanism has not been fully explained. This paper reviews the relationship between dizziness and CSVD and its possible related mechanisms, aiming to provide some reference for the identification, diagnosis and treatment of CSVD in patients with dizziness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]