28 results on '"Balachandran, Bashyam"'
Search Results
2. Effect of a low glycemic index diet versus a high-cereal fibre diet on markers of subclinical cardiac injury in healthy individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: An exploratory analysis of a randomized dietary trial
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Ha, Vanessa, Viguiliouk, Effie, Kendall, Cyril W.C., Balachandran, Bashyam, Jenkins, David J.A., Kavsak, Peter A., and Sievenpiper, John L.
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- 2017
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3. Glycemic Index Versus Wheat Fiber on Arterial Wall Damage in Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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David J.A. Jenkins, Laura Chiavaroli, Arash Mirrahimi, Sandra Mitchell, Dorothea Faulkner, Sandhya Sahye-Pudaruth, Melanie Paquette, Judy Coveney, Omodele Olowoyeye, Darshna Patel, Sathish Chandra Pichika, Balachandran Bashyam, Tishan Maraj, Chantal Gillett, Russell J. de Souza, Livia S.A. Augustin, Sonia Blanco Mejia, Stephanie K. Nishi, Lawrence A. Leiter, Robert G. Josse, Gail E. McKeown-Eyssen, Alan R. Berger, Philip W. Connelly, Korbua Srichaikul, Cyril W.C. Kendall, John L. Sievenpiper, and Alan R. Moody
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Male ,Dietary Fiber ,Blood Glucose ,Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Glycemic Index ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Internal Medicine ,Humans ,Female ,Triticum ,Diet - Abstract
OBJECTIVE High cereal fiber and low-glycemic index (GI) diets are associated with reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in cohort studies. Clinical trial evidence on event incidence is lacking. Therefore, to make trial outcomes more directly relevant to CVD, we compared the effect on carotid plaque development in diabetes of a low-GI diet versus a whole-grain wheat-fiber diet. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The study randomized 169 men and women with well-controlled type 2 diabetes to counseling on a low GI-diet or whole-grain wheat-fiber diet for 3 years. Change in carotid vessel wall volume (VWV) (prespecified primary end point) was assessed by MRI as an indication of arterial damage. RESULTS Of 169 randomized participants, 134 completed the study. No treatment differences were seen in VWV. However, on the whole-grain wheat-fiber diet, VWV increased significantly from baseline, 23 mm3 (95% CI 4, 41; P = 0.016), but not on the low-GI diet, 8 mm3 (95% CI −10, 26; P = 0.381). The low-GI diet resulted in preservation of renal function, as estimated glomerular filtration rate, compared with the reduction following the wheat-fiber diet. HbA1c was modestly reduced over the first 9 months in the intention-to-treat analysis and extended with greater compliance to 15 months in the per-protocol analysis. CONCLUSIONS Since the low-GI diet was similar to the whole-grain wheat-fiber diet recommended for cardiovascular risk reduction, the low-GI diet may also be effective for CVD risk reduction.
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- 2022
4. Low-carbohydrate vegan diets in diabetes for weight loss and sustainability: a randomized controlled trial
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David J A, Jenkins, Peter J H, Jones, Mohammad M H, Abdullah, Benoit, Lamarche, Dorothea, Faulkner, Darshna, Patel, Sandhya, Sahye-Pudaruth, Melanie, Paquette, Balachandran, Bashyam, Sathish C, Pichika, Meaghan E, Kavanagh, Pooja, Patel, Fred, Liang, Ramon, Brown, Tiffany, Zhao, Mila, Phan, Gajuna, Mathiyalagan, Shilpa, Tandon, Vladmir, Vuksan, Elena, Jovanovski, John L, Sievenpiper, Cyril W C, Kendall, Lawrence A, Leiter, and Robert G, Josse
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Nutrition and Dietetics ,Medicine (miscellaneous) - Abstract
Low-carbohydrate, high animal fat and protein diets have been promoted for weight loss and diabetes treatment. We therefore tested the effect of a low-carbohydrate vegan diet in diabetes as a potentially healthier and more ecologically sustainable low-carbohydrate option.We sought to compare the effectiveness of a low-carbohydrate vegan diet with a moderate-carbohydrate vegetarian diet on weight loss and metabolic measures in diabetes.One hundred and sixty-four male and female participants with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to advice on either a low-carbohydrate vegan diet, high in canola oil and plant proteins, or a vegetarian therapeutic diet, for 3 mo, with both diets recommended at 60% of calorie requirements. Body weight, fasting blood, blood pressure, and 7-d food records, to estimate potential greenhouse gas emissions, were obtained throughout the study with tests of cholesterol absorption undertaken at baseline and end of study on 50 participants.Both low-carbohydrate vegan and vegetarian diets similarly but markedly reduced body weight (-5.9 kg; 95% CI: -6.5, -5.28 kg; and -5.23 kg; 95% CI: -5.84, -4.62 kg), glycated hemoglobin (-0.99%; 95% CI: -1.07, -0.9%; and -0.88%; 95% CI: -0.97, -0.8%), systolic blood pressure (-4 mmHg; 95% CI: -7, -2 mmHg; and -6 mmHg; 95% CI: -8, -3 mmHg), and potential greenhouse gas emissions, but only for potential greenhouse gas emissions was there a significant treatment difference of -0.63 kgCO2/d (95% CI: -0.99, -0.27 kgCO2/d) favoring the low-carbohydrate vegan diet.Low-carbohydrate vegan and vegetarian diets reduced body weight, improved glycemic control and blood pressure, but the more plant-based diet had greater potential reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.Trial registration number: clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT02245399.
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- 2022
5. Nuts as a replacement for carbohydrates in the diabetic diet: a reanalysis of a randomised controlled trial
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Monica S. Banach, John L. Sievenpiper, Christopher Ireland, Joseph Beyene, Balachandran Bashyam, David J.A. Jenkins, Korbua Srichaikul, Cyril W.C. Kendall, Benoît Lamarche, Edward Vidgen, Stephanie K. Nishi, Tina Parker, Robert G. Josse, Russell J. de Souza, Sathish C. Pichika, and Sandy Mitchell
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Nut ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Blood lipids ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Type 2 diabetes ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Animal science ,Glycaemic control ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Clotting factors ,Nuts ,2. Zero hunger ,Clotting factor ,Cholesterol ,business.industry ,Unsaturated fat ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Repeated measures design ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Diabetic diet ,chemistry ,business - Abstract
Aims/hypothesis In line with current advice, we assessed the effect of replacing carbohydrate consumption with mixed nut consumption, as a source of unsaturated fat, on cardiovascular risk factors and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes. The data presented here are from a paper that was retracted at the authors’ request (10.2337/dc16-rt02) owing to lack of adjustment for repeated measures in the same individual. Our aim, therefore, was to fix the error and add new complementary data of interest, including information on clotting factors and LDL particle size. Methods A total of 117 men and postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes who were taking oral glucose-lowering agents and with HbA1c between 47.5 and 63.9 mmol/mol (6.5–8.0%) were randomised after stratification by sex and baseline HbA1c in a parallel design to one of three diets for 3 months: (1) ‘full-dose nut diet’ (n = 40): a diet with 2.0 MJ (477 kcal) per 8.4 MJ (2000 kcal) energy provided as mixed nuts (75 g/day); (2) ‘full-dose muffin diet’ (n = 39): a diet with 1.97 MJ (471 kcal) per 8.4 MJ (2000 kcal) energy provided as three whole-wheat muffins (188 g/day), with a similar protein content to the nuts, and the same carbohydrate-derived energy content as the monounsaturated fatty acid-derived energy content in the nuts; or (3) ‘half-dose nut diet’ (n = 38): a diet with 1.98 MJ (474 kcal) per 8.4 MJ (2000 kcal) energy provided as half portions of both the nuts and muffins. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c. The study was carried out in a hospital clinical research centre and concluded in 2008. Only the statistician, study physicians and analytical technicians could be blinded to the group assessment. Results A total of 108 participants had post-intervention data available for analysis (full-dose nut group, n = 40; full-dose muffin group, n = 35; half-dose nut group, n = 33). Compared with the full-dose muffin diet, the full-dose nut diet provided 9.2% (95% CI 7.1, 11.3) greater total energy intake from monounsaturated fat. The full-dose nut diet (median intake, 75 g/day) also reduced HbA1c compared with the full-dose muffin diet by −2.0 mmol/mol (95% CI −3.8, −0.3 mmol/mol) (−0.19% [95% CI −0.35%, −0.02%]), (p = 0.026). Estimated cholesterol levels in LDL particles with a diameter
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- 2018
6. Correction to: Nuts as a replacement for carbohydrates in the diabetic diet: a reanalysis of a randomised controlled trial
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Joseph Beyene, Balachandran Bashyam, Benoît Lamarche, John L. Sievenpiper, Korbua Srichaikul, Monica S. Banach, Christopher Ireland, Russell J. de Souza, Edward Vidgen, Robert G. Josse, Sandy Mitchell, Stephanie K. Nishi, Tina Parker, David J.A. Jenkins, Cyril W.C. Kendall, and Sathish C. Pichika
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Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Waist ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,MEDLINE ,Blood Pressure ,law.invention ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Diet, Diabetic ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Dietary Carbohydrates ,Humans ,Nuts ,Particle Size ,Aged ,Hip Circumference ,business.industry ,Body Weight ,Correction ,Reproducibility of Results ,Human physiology ,Cholesterol, LDL ,Middle Aged ,Lipids ,Blood Coagulation Factors ,Diet ,Lipoproteins, LDL ,Diabetic diet ,Apolipoproteins ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Data Interpretation, Statistical ,Female ,business ,Food Analysis - Abstract
In line with current advice, we assessed the effect of replacing carbohydrate consumption with mixed nut consumption, as a source of unsaturated fat, on cardiovascular risk factors and HbAA total of 117 men and postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes who were taking oral glucose-lowering agents and with HbAA total of 108 participants had post-intervention data available for analysis (full-dose nut group, n = 40; full-dose muffin group, n = 35; half-dose nut group, n = 33). Compared with the full-dose muffin diet, the full-dose nut diet provided 9.2% (95% CI 7.1, 11.3) greater total energy intake from monounsaturated fat. The full-dose nut diet (median intake, 75 g/day) also reduced HbANut intake as a replacement for carbohydrate consumption improves glycaemic control and lipid risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00410722 FUNDING: The study was funded by the International Tree Nut Council Nutrition Research and Education Foundation, the Peanut Institute, Loblaw Companies and the Canada Research Chairs Program of the Government of Canada.
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- 2019
7. Cross-sectional associations between dietary intake and carotid intima media thickness in type 2 diabetes: baseline data from a randomised trial
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Stephanie K. Nishi, Darshna Patel, Balachandran Bashyam, Russell J. de Souza, Robert G. Josse, Livia S. A. Augustin, Omodele Olowoyeye, Sandhya Sahye-Pudaruth, Gail McKeown-Eyssen, Christopher Ireland, Sathish C. Pichika, Lawrence A. Leiter, John L. Sievenpiper, David J.A. Jenkins, Laura Chiavaroli, Cyril W.C. Kendall, Alan R. Moody, Sonia Blanco Mejia, Sandra Mitchell, Judy Coveney, and Arash Mirrahimi
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Canada ,NUTRITION & DIETETICS ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Disease ,Type 2 diabetes ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Risk factor ,Nutrition and Metabolism ,business.industry ,Surrogate endpoint ,DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY ,Dietary intake ,Research ,General Medicine ,Anthropometry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Diet ,Blood pressure ,Endocrinology ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Intima-media thickness ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Female ,business - Abstract
Objective To assess associations between dietary intake and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) by carotid ultrasound (CUS), a surrogate marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, in those with type 2 diabetes. Design Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 325 participants from three randomised controlled trials collected in the same way. Setting Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael9s Hospital, Toronto, Canada. Participants 325 participants with type 2 diabetes, taking oral antidiabetic agents, with an HbA1c between 6.5% and 8.0% at screening, without a recent cardiovascular event. Main outcome measures CIMT by CUS and associations with dietary intake from 7-day food records, as well as anthropometric measures and fasting serum samples. Results CIMT was significantly inversely associated with dietary pulse intake (β=−0.019, p=0.009), available carbohydrate (β=−0.004, p=0.008), glycaemic load (β=−0.001, p=0.007) and starch (β=−0.126, p=0.010), and directly associated with total (β=0.004, p=0.028) and saturated (β=0.012, p=0.006) fat intake in multivariate regression models adjusted for age, smoking, previous CVD event, blood pressure medication, antidiabetic medication and ultrasonographer. Conclusions Lower CIMT was significantly associated with greater consumption of dietary pulses and carbohydrates and lower total and saturated fat intake, suggesting a potential role for diet in CVD risk management in type 2 diabetes. Randomised controlled trials are anticipated to explore these associations further. Trial registration number NCT01063374.
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- 2017
8. Effect of almond consumption on the serum fatty acid profile: a dose–response study
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Stephanie K. Nishi, Ana-Maria Gascoyne, Karen G. Lapsley, Richard P. Bazinet, Livia S. A. Augustin, Balachandran Bashyam, John L. Sievenpiper, David J.A. Jenkins, and Cyril W.C. Kendall
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Male ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Coronary Disease ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ,Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated ,Dietary interventions ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Medicine ,Nuts ,2. Zero hunger ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Aged, 80 and over ,0303 health sciences ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Framingham Risk Score ,Cross-Over Studies ,food and beverages ,Full Papers ,Middle Aged ,Dose Response Study ,Biochemistry ,Composition (visual arts) ,Female ,Prunus ,Human and Clinical Nutrition ,Almonds ,Hyperlipidemias ,03 medical and health sciences ,Animal science ,NEFA ,Humans ,Fatty acids ,Triglycerides ,Nutrition ,Aged ,Coronary/heart disease ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Cholesterol, HDL ,Fatty acid ,Diet ,Oleic acid ,chemistry ,business ,Chd risk ,Oleic Acid - Abstract
Consumption of almonds has been shown to be associated with a decreased risk of CHD, which may be related to their fatty acid (FA) composition. However, the effect of almond consumption on the serum FA composition is not known. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated whether almond consumption would alter the serum FA profile and risk of CHD, as calculated using Framingham's 10-year risk score, in a dose-dependent manner in hyperlipidaemic individuals when compared with a higher-carbohydrate control group using dietary interventions incorporating almonds. A total of twenty-seven hyperlipidaemic individuals consumed three isoenergetic (mean 1770 kJ/d) supplements during three 1-month dietary phases: (1) full-dose almonds (50–100 g/d); (2) half-dose almonds with half-dose muffins; (3) full-dose muffins. Fasting blood samples were obtained at weeks 0 and 4 for the determination of FA concentrations. Almond intake (g/d) was found to be inversely associated with the estimated Framingham 10-year CHD risk score (P= 0·026). In both the half-dose and full-dose almond groups, the proportions of oleic acid (OA) and MUFA in the TAG fraction (half-almond: OAP= 0·003; MUFAP= 0·004; full-almond: OAPPP= 0·01; MUFAP= 0·04; full-almond: OAP= 0·12; MUFAP= 0·06) increased. The estimated Framingham 10-year CHD risk score was inversely associated with the percentage change of OA (P= 0·011) and MUFA (P= 0·016) content in the TAG fraction. The proportions of MUFA in the TAG and NEFA fractions were positively associated with changes in HDL-cholesterol concentrations. Similarly, the estimated Framingham 10-year CHD risk score was inversely associated with the percentage change of OA (P= 0·069) and MUFA content in the NEFA fraction (P= 0·009). In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that almond consumption increases OA and MUFA content in serum TAG and NEFA fractions, which are inversely associated with CHD lipid risk factors and overall estimated 10-year CHD risk.
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- 2014
9. Nut consumption, serum fatty acid profile and estimated coronary heart disease risk in type 2 diabetes
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Richard P. Bazinet, David J.A. Jenkins, Balachandran Bashyam, Cyril W.C. Kendall, S. Blanco Mejia, Stephanie K. Nishi, Christopher Ireland, Livia S. A. Augustin, and John L. Sievenpiper
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Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Phospholipid ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Coronary Disease ,Type 2 diabetes ,Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ,Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Nuts ,Medicine ,National Cholesterol Education Program ,Phospholipids ,Triglycerides ,Glycemic ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,food and beverages ,Fatty acid ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Diet ,Cholesterol ,Endocrinology ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,chemistry ,Saturated fatty acid ,Cholesteryl ester ,Female ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Energy Intake ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Polyunsaturated fatty acid - Abstract
Background and aims Nut consumption has been associated with decreased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes which has been largely attributed to their healthy fatty acid profile, yet this has not been ascertained. Therefore, we investigated the effect of nut consumption on serum fatty acid concentrations and how these relate to changes in markers of glycemic control and calculated CHD risk score in type 2 diabetes. Methods and results 117 subjects with type 2 diabetes consumed one of three iso-energetic (mean 475 kcal/d) supplements for 12 weeks: 1. full-dose nuts (50–100 g/d); 2. half-dose nuts with half-dose muffins; and 3. full-dose muffins. In this secondary analysis, fatty acid concentrations in the phospholipid, triacylglycerol, free fatty acid, and cholesteryl ester fractions from fasting blood samples obtained at baseline and week 12 were analyzed using thin layer and gas chromatography. Full-dose nut supplementation significantly increased serum oleic acid (OA) and MUFAs compared to the control in the phospholipid fraction (OA: P = 0.036; MUFAs: P = 0.024). Inverse associations were found with changes in CHD risk versus changes in OA and MUFAs in the triacylglycerol ( r = −0.256, P = 0.011; r = −0.228, P = 0.024, respectively) and phospholipid ( r = −0.278, P = 0.006; r = −0.260, P = 0.010, respectively) fractions. In the cholesteryl ester fraction, change in MUFAs was inversely associated with markers of glycemic control (HbA1c: r = −0.250, P = 0.013; fasting blood glucose: r = −0.395, P Conclusion Nut consumption increased OA and MUFA content of the serum phospholipid fraction, which was inversely associated with CHD risk factors and 10-year CHD risk. Clinical Trial Reg. No. NCT00410722, clinicaltrials.gov.
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- 2014
10. Effect of Lowering the Glycemic Load With Canola Oil on Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Lawrence A. Leiter, Stephanie K. Nishi, Christopher Ireland, Robert G. Josse, Livia S. A. Augustin, Korbua Srichaikul, Sonia Blanco Mejia, Dorothea Faulkner, Arash Mirrahimi, Darshna Patel, Edward Vidgen, Sandra Mitchell, Judy Coveney, Sandhya Sahye-Pudaruth, David J.A. Jenkins, Laura Chiavaroli, Cyril W.C. Kendall, John L. Sievenpiper, Balachandran Bashyam, Vladimir Vuksan, and Russell J. de Souza
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Blood Glucose ,Male ,Canada ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Blood Pressure ,Type 2 diabetes ,law.invention ,Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated ,Animal science ,Randomized controlled trial ,Risk Factors ,law ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,Glycemic load ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Reactive hyperemia ,Aged ,Glycemic ,Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,Framingham Risk Score ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Diet ,Endocrinology ,Blood pressure ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Female ,Rapeseed Oil ,Edible Grain ,Energy Intake ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite their independent cardiovascular disease (CVD) advantages, effects of α-linolenic acid (ALA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and low-glycemic-load (GL) diets have not been assessed in combination. We therefore determined the combined effect of ALA, MUFA, and low GL on glycemic control and CVD risk factors in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The study was a parallel design, randomized trial wherein each 3-month treatment was conducted in a Canadian academic center between March 2011 and September 2012 and involved 141 participants with type 2 diabetes (HbA1c 6.5%–8.5% [48–69 mmol/mol]) treated with oral antihyperglycemic agents. Participants were provided with dietary advice on either a low-GL diet with ALA and MUFA given as a canola oil–enriched bread supplement (31 g canola oil per 2,000 kcal) (test) or a whole-grain diet with a whole-wheat bread supplement (control). The primary outcome was HbA1c change. Secondary outcomes included calculated Framingham CVD risk score and reactive hyperemia index (RHI) ratio. RESULTS Seventy-nine percent of the test group and 90% of the control group completed the trial. The test diet reduction in HbA1c units of −0.47% (−5.15 mmol/mol) (95% CI −0.54% to −0.40% [−5.92 to −4.38 mmol/mol]) was greater than that for the control diet (−0.31% [−3.44 mmol/mol] [95% CI −0.38% to −0.25% (−4.17 to −2.71 mmol/mol)], P = 0.002), with the greatest benefit observed in those with higher systolic blood pressure (SBP). Greater reductions were seen in CVD risk score for the test diet, whereas the RHI ratio increased for the control diet. CONCLUSIONS A canola oil–enriched low-GL diet improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetes, particularly in participants with raised SBP, whereas whole grains improved vascular reactivity.
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- 2014
11. Acute effects of pistachio consumption on glucose and insulin, satiety hormones and endothelial function in the metabolic syndrome
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Amin Esfahani, Janice Campbell, Balachandran Bashyam, Sheila G. West, L. S. A. Augustin, David J.A. Jenkins, Laura Chiavaroli, Alexandra L Jenkins, Cyril W.C. Kendall, Edward Vidgen, and Katherine A. Sauder
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Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Satiation ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Humans ,Insulin ,Nuts ,Endothelium ,Meals ,Reactive hyperemia ,Triticum ,Aged ,Metabolic Syndrome ,Meal ,Cross-Over Studies ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,food and beverages ,Bread ,Middle Aged ,Postprandial Period ,medicine.disease ,Crossover study ,Endocrinology ,Postprandial ,Pistacia ,Arterial stiffness ,Female ,Metabolic syndrome ,business - Abstract
Nut consumption has been found to decrease risk of coronary heart disease and diabetes and to promote healthy body weights possibly related to their favorable macronutrient profile. We therefore assessed the effect of pistachios on postprandial glucose and insulin levels, gut hormones related to satiety and endothelial function. In this randomized crossover study, 20 subjects with metabolic syndrome consumed five study meals over 5–10 weeks. The meals differed in fat type and quantity, but were matched according to available carbohydrates (CHOs). Three meals had 50 g available CHO: white bread (WB50g), white bread, butter and cheese (WB+B+Ch) and white bread and pistachios (WB+P). Two meals had 12 g available CHO: white bread (WB12g) and pistachios (P). Within each group of available CHO meals, postprandial glucose levels were the highest following the white bread-only meals, and glucose response was significantly attenuated when butter and cheese or pistachios were consumed (P
- Published
- 2014
12. Supplemental Barley Protein and Casein Similarly Affect Serum Lipids in Hypercholesterolemic Women and Men
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Lawrence A. Leiter, Robert G. Josse, Peter B. Jones, Balachandran Bashyam, Tracy C. K. Leong, Julia M W Wong, A. Venketeshwer Rao, Benoicirct Lamarche, Edward Vidgen, Korbua Srichaikul, David J.A. Jenkins, Cyril W.C. Kendall, Vivian Ng, and Chung-Ja C. Jackson
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Calorie ,Saturated fat ,Hypercholesterolemia ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Blood lipids ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Blood serum ,Weight loss ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Hypolipidemic Agents ,Plant Proteins ,Cross-Over Studies ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,biology ,Cholesterol ,Caseins ,food and beverages ,Hordeum ,Bread ,Calcium caseinate ,Middle Aged ,Lipids ,Endocrinology ,Blood chemistry ,chemistry ,Dietary Supplements ,biology.protein ,Female ,medicine.symptom - Abstract
High-protein diets have been advocated for weight loss and the treatment of diabetes. Yet animal protein sources are often high in saturated fat and cholesterol. Vegetable protein sources, by contrast, are low in saturated fat and without associated cholesterol. We have therefore assessed the effect on serum lipids of raising the protein intake by 5% using a cereal protein, barley protein, as part of a standard therapeutic diet. Twenty-three hypercholesterolemic men and postmenopausal women completed a randomized crossover study comparing a bread enriched with either barley protein or calcium caseinate [30 g protein, 8374 kJ (2000 kcal)] taken separately as two 1-mo treatment phases with a minimum 2-wk washout. Body weight and diet history were collected weekly during each treatment. Fasting blood samples were obtained at wk 0, 2, and 4. Palatability, satiety, and compliance were similar for both the barley protein- and casein-enriched breads, with no differences between the treatments in effects on serum LDL cholesterol or C-reactive protein, measures of oxidative stress, or blood pressure. Nevertheless, because no adverse effects were observed on cardiovascular risk factors, barley protein remains an additional option for raising the protein content of the diet.
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- 2010
13. The effect of a dietary portfolio compared to a DASH-type diet on blood pressure
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Jiri Frohlich, C. Pellini, Robert G. Josse, Balachandran Bashyam, Patrick Couture, Christopher Ireland, Lawrence A. Leiter, R. J. de Souza, Benoît Lamarche, Arash Mirrahimi, P. Galange, Cyril W. C. Kendall, Vanu Ramprasath, Viranda H. Jayalath, John L. Sievenpiper, Dorothea Faulkner, Peter B. Jones, L. S. A. Augustin, David J.A. Jenkins, Korbua Srichaikul, and Stephanie K. Nishi
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mean arterial pressure ,Canada ,Mediterranean diet ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Diastole ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Hyperlipidemias ,Diet, Mediterranean ,Diet Records ,Risk Assessment ,Plant protein ,Animal science ,Internal medicine ,Hyperlipidemia ,medicine ,Humans ,Diet, Fat-Restricted ,Aged ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Sodium ,Coronary heart disease risk ,Blood Pressure Determination ,Diet, Sodium-Restricted ,Middle Aged ,Cardiovascular disease ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Blood pressure ,Endocrinology ,Treatment Outcome ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Decreased blood pressure ,Hypertension ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Energy Intake ,Vegetable protein ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background and aim Compared to a DASH-type diet, an intensively applied dietary portfolio reduced diastolic blood pressure at 24 weeks as a secondary outcome in a previous study. Due to the importance of strategies to reduce blood pressure, we performed an exploratory analysis pooling data from intensively and routinely applied portfolio treatments from the same study to assess the effect over time on systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure (MAP), and the relation to sodium (Na + ), potassium (K + ), and portfolio components. Methods and results 241 participants with hyperlipidemia, from four academic centers across Canada were randomized and completed either a DASH-type diet (control n = 82) or a dietary portfolio that included, soy protein, viscous fibers and nuts (n = 159) for 24 weeks. Fasting measures and 7-day food records were obtained at weeks 0, 12 and 24, with 24-h urines at weeks 0 and 24. The dietary portfolio reduced systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure compared to the control by 2.1 mm Hg (95% CI, 4.2 to −0.1 mm Hg) (p = 0.056), 1.8 mm Hg (CI, 3.2 to 0.4 mm Hg) (p = 0.013) and 1.9 mm Hg (CI, 3.4 to 0.4 mm Hg) (p = 0.015), respectively. Blood pressure reductions were small at 12 weeks and only reached significance at 24 weeks. Nuts, soy and viscous fiber all related negatively to change in mean arterial pressure (ρ = −0.15 to −0.17, p ≤ 0.016) as did urinary potassium (ρ = −0.25, p = 0.001), while the Na + /K + ratio was positively associated (ρ = 0.20, p = 0.010). Conclusions Consumption of a cholesterol-lowering dietary portfolio also decreased blood pressure by comparison with a healthy DASH-type diet. Clinical Trial Reg. No. NCT00438425, clinicaltrials.gov.
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- 2015
14. Consumption of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol lowering foods improves blood lipids without affecting concentrations of fat soluble compounds
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Darshna Patel, Russell J. de Souza, Peter B. Jones, Shahad Abdulnour, Benoît Lamarche, Korbua Srichaikul, Jiri Frohlich, Christopher Ireland, Cyril W. C. Kendall, Robert G. Josse, Balachandran Bashyam, Lawrence A. Leiter, Luba Cermakova, David J.A. Jenkins, Vanu Ramprasath, Patrick Couture, Edward Vidgen, Dorothea Faulkner, Philip W. Connelly, and University of Manitoba
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Dietary Fiber ,Male ,Fat soluble vitamins ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Blood lipids ,Tocopherols ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Portfolio diet ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Lycopene ,Hyperlipidemia ,Nuts ,Single-Blind Method ,Food science ,Vitamin A ,0303 health sciences ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Retinol ,Phytosterols ,Vitamins ,Middle Aged ,beta Carotene ,3. Good health ,Cholesterol ,Biochemistry ,Intestinal cholesterol absorption ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Female ,Adult ,Canada ,Campesterol ,education ,Hyperlipidemias ,Clinical nutrition ,Plant sterols ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,Humans ,Triglycerides ,business.industry ,Research ,Cholesterol, HDL ,Lutein ,Cholesterol, LDL ,Feeding Behavior ,medicine.disease ,Carotenoids ,Sitosterols ,Diet ,Fat-Soluble Vitamin ,chemistry ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background Consumption of a cholesterol lowering dietary portfolio including plant sterols (PS), viscous fibre, soy proteins and nuts for 6 months improves blood lipid profile. Plant sterols reduce blood cholesterol by inhibiting intestinal cholesterol absorption and concerns have been raised whether PS consumption reduces fat soluble vitamin absorption. Objective The objective was to determine effects of consumption of a cholesterol lowering dietary portfolio on circulating concentrations of PS and fat soluble vitamins. Methods Using a parallel design study, 351 hyperlipidemic participants from 4 centres across Canada were randomized to 1 of 3 groups. Participants followed dietary advice with control or portfolio diet. Participants on routine and intensive portfolio involved 2 and 7 clinic visits, respectively, over 6 months. Results No changes in plasma concentrations of α and γ tocopherol, lutein, lycopene and retinol, but decreased β-carotene concentrations were observed with intensive (week 12:p = 0.045; week 24:p = 0.039) and routine (week 12:p = 0.031; week 24:p = 0.078) portfolio groups compared to control. However, cholesterol adjusted β-carotene and fat soluble compound concentrations were not different compared to control. Plasma PS concentrations were increased with intensive (campesterol:p = 0.012; β-sitosterol:p = 0.035) and routine (campesterol: p = 0.034; β-sitosterol: p = 0.080) portfolio groups compared to control. Plasma cholesterol-adjusted campesterol and β-sitosterol concentrations were negatively correlated (p
- Published
- 2014
15. Effect of nuts on coronary heart disease and cancer risk in type 2 diabetes (825.8)
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Stephanie K. Nishi, Balachandran Bashyam, Livia S. A. Augustin, David J.A. Jenkins, and Cyril W.C. Kendall
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Framingham Risk Score ,business.industry ,Type 2 diabetes ,medicine.disease ,Biochemistry ,Coronary heart disease ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,Cardiology ,medicine ,business ,Cancer risk ,Molecular Biology ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2014
16. Low-glycaemic index diet to improve glycaemic control and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: design and methods for a randomised, controlled, clinical trial
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Gail McKeown-Eyssen, Tishan Maraj, Livia S. A. Augustin, Russell J. de Souza, Balachandran Bashyam, Sonia Blanco Mejia, Arash Mirrahimi, Alan R. Berger, Stephanie K. Nishi, Sandhya Sahye-Pudaruth, Sandra Mitchell, Judy Coveney, Lawrence A. Leiter, John L. Sievenpiper, David J.A. Jenkins, Laura Chiavaroli, Alan R. Moody, Christopher Ireland, Cyril W.C. Kendall, Darshna Patel, Robert G. Josse, and Omodele Olowoyeye
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Dietary Fiber ,medicine.medical_specialty ,carotid plaque ,Disease ,Type 2 diabetes ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,Risk Factors ,cardiovascular disease ,Diabetes management ,law ,Diabetes mellitus ,Protocol ,medicine ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,Macrovascular disease ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,Ontario ,Nutrition and Metabolism ,diabetes ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,randomized clinical trial ,medicine.disease ,Combined Modality Therapy ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,3. Good health ,Surgery ,Clinical trial ,Carotid Arteries ,Glycemic index ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Glycemic Index ,business - Abstract
Introduction Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) produces macrovascular and microvascular damage, significantly increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), renal failure and blindness. As rates of T2DM rise, the need for effective dietary and other lifestyle changes to improve diabetes management become more urgent. Low-glycaemic index (GI) diets may improve glycaemic control in diabetes in the short term; however, there is a lack of evidence on the long-term adherence to low-GI diets, as well as on the association with surrogate markers of CVD beyond traditional risk factors. Recently, advances have been made in measures of subclinical arterial disease through the use of MRI, which, along with standard measures from carotid ultrasound (CUS) scanning, have been associated with CVD events. We therefore designed a randomised, controlled, clinical trial to assess whether low-GI dietary advice can significantly improve surrogate markers of CVD and long-term glycaemic control in T2DM. Methods and analysis 169 otherwise healthy individuals with T2DM were recruited to receive intensive counselling on a low-GI or high-cereal fibre diet for 3 years. To assess macrovascular disease, MRI and CUS are used, and to assess microvascular disease, retinal photography and 24-hour urinary collections are taken at baseline and years 1 and 3. Risk factors for CVD are assessed every 3 months. Ethics and dissemination The study protocol and consent form have been approved by the research ethics board of St. Michael9s Hospital. If the study shows a benefit, these data will support the use of low-GI and/or high-fibre foods in the management of T2DM and its complications. Trial Registration number NCT01063374; Pre-results.
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- 2016
17. Statement of Retraction. Nuts as a Replacement for Carbohydrates in the Diabetic Diet. Diabetes Care 2011;34:1706–1711. DOI: 10.2337/dc11-0338
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Sandy Mitchell, Russell J. de Souza, David J.A. Jenkins, Stephanie K. Nishi, Cyril W.C. Kendall, Chris M. Ireland, Tina Parker, Edward Vidgen, Monica S. Banach, Balachandran Bashyam, Korbua Srichaikul, and Robert G. Josse
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Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Statement (logic) ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Alternative medicine ,MEDLINE ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,medicine.disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Diabetic diet ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal Medicine ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,Intensive care medicine - Abstract
The authors wish to retract this article because of an unintended error in statistical applications. A subsequent reanalysis of the data has shown that a …
- Published
- 2016
18. Effect of legumes as part of a low glycemic index diet on glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial
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John L. Sievenpiper, Chris M. Ireland, Balachandran Bashyam, David J. A. Jenkins, Sandhya Sahye-Pudaruth, Robert G. Josse, Lawrence A. Leiter, Edward Vidgen, Russell J. de Souza, Judy Coveney, Sonia Blanco Mejia, Laura Chiavaroli, Cyril W.C. Kendall, Arash Mirrahimi, Livia S. A. Augustin, and Sandra Mitchell
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Blood Glucose ,Dietary Fiber ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Diet, Diabetic ,Internal Medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Glycemic ,2. Zero hunger ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,0303 health sciences ,Framingham Risk Score ,business.industry ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Fabaceae ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Endocrinology ,Glycemic index ,Hemoglobin A ,Diabetic diet ,Treatment Outcome ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Glycemic Index ,Female ,business - Abstract
Legumes, including beans, chickpeas, and lentils, are among the lowest glycemic index (GI) foods and have been recommended in national diabetes mellitus (DM) guidelines. Yet, to our knowledge, they have never been used specifically to lower the GI of the diet. We have therefore undertaken a study of low-GI foods in type 2 DM with a focus on legumes in the intervention.A total of 121 participants with type 2 DM were randomized to either a low-GI legume diet that encouraged participants to increase legume intake by at least 1 cup per day, or to increase insoluble fiber by consumption of whole wheat products, for 3 months. The primary outcome was change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values with calculated coronary heart disease (CHD) risk score as a secondary outcome.The low-GI legume diet reduced HbA1c values by -0.5% (95% CI, -0.6% to -0.4%) and the high wheat fiber diet reduced HbA1c values by -0.3% (95% CI, -0.4% to -0.2%). The relative reduction in HbA1c values after the low-GI legume diet was greater than after the high wheat fiber diet by -0.2% (95% CI, -0.3% to -0.1%; P.001). The respective CHD risk reduction on the low-GI legume diet was -0.8% (95% CI, -1.4% to -0.3%; P = .003), largely owing to a greater relative reduction in systolic blood pressure on the low-GI legume diet compared with the high wheat fiber diet (-4.5 mm Hg; 95% CI, -7.0 to -2.1 mm Hg; P.001).Incorporation of legumes as part of a low-GI diet improved both glycemic control and reduced calculated CHD risk score in type 2 DM.
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- 2012
19. Nuts as a replacement for carbohydrates in the diabetic diet
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Monica S. Banach, David J.A. Jenkins, Cyril W.C. Kendall, Korbua Srichaikul, Robert G. Josse, Stephanie K. Nishi, Balachandran Bashyam, Christopher Ireland, Tina Parker, Edward Vidgen, Russell J. de Souza, and Sandy Mitchell
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Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Apolipoprotein B ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Blood lipids ,Type 2 diabetes ,Statement of Retraction ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Diet, Diabetic ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Dietary Carbohydrates ,Humans ,Nuts ,Original Research ,Glycemic ,Aged ,Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,biology ,Cholesterol ,business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Clinical Care/Education/Nutrition/Psychosocial Research ,food and beverages ,Cholesterol, LDL ,Carbohydrate ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Endocrinology ,Diabetic diet ,chemistry ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,biology.protein ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Female ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fat intake, especially monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), has been liberalized in diabetic diets to preserve HDL cholesterol and improve glycemic control, yet the exact sources have not been clearly defined. Therefore, we assessed the effect of mixed nut consumption as a source of vegetable fat on serum lipids and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 117 type 2 diabetic subjects were randomized to one of three treatments for 3 months. Supplements were provided at 475 kcal per 2,000-kcal diet as mixed nuts (75 g/day), muffins, or half portions of both. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c. RESULTS The relative increase in MUFAs was 8.7% energy on the full-nut dose compared with muffins. Using an intention-to-treat analysis (n = 117), full-nut dose (mean intake 73 g/day) reduced HbA1c (−0.21% absolute HbA1c units, 95% CI −0.30 to −0.11, P < 0.001) with no change after half-nut dose or muffin. Full-nut dose was significantly different from half-nut dose (P = 0.004) and muffin (P = 0.001), but no difference was seen between half-nut dose and muffins. LDL cholesterol also decreased significantly after full-nut dose compared with muffin. The LDL cholesterol reduction after half-nut dose was intermediate and not significantly different from the other treatments. Apolipoprotein (apo) B and the apoB:apoA1 ratio behaved similarly. Nut intake related negatively to changes in HbA1c (r = −0.20, P = 0.033) and LDL cholesterol (r = −0.24, P = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Two ounces of nuts daily as a replacement for carbohydrate foods improved both glycemic control and serum lipids in type 2 diabetes.
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- 2011
20. The effect of physiological concentrations of sex hormones, insulin, and glucagon on growth of breast and prostate cells supplemented with unmodified human serum
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Balachandran Bashyam, Amin Esfahani, David J.A. Jenkins, Cyril W.C. Kendall, and Michael C. Archer
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Male ,Serum ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cell Culture Techniques ,Breast Neoplasms ,Biology ,Glucagon ,Internal medicine ,Cell Line, Tumor ,LNCaP ,medicine ,Humans ,Insulin ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Gonadal Steroid Hormones ,Testosterone ,Cell Proliferation ,Analysis of Variance ,Cell growth ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Culture Media ,Endocrinology ,Dihydrotestosterone ,Female ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Fetal bovine serum ,Developmental Biology ,Hormone ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The majority of cell culture studies have assessed the effect of hormones on cancer cell growth using media supplemented with charcoal-treated fetal bovine serum (CTS). We aimed to determine whether using a system more reflective of the human condition by changing the charcoal-treated serum to an untreated pooled human serum (PHS) resulted in the same hormone responses in breast and prostate cell lines. MCF-7 breast cancer, MCF-10A non-transformed breast, and LNCaP prostate cancer cell lines supplemented with PHS were treated with high and low physiological concentrations of six hormones (17β-estradiol, dehydroepiandosterone (DHEA), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), testosterone, insulin, and glucagon). Cell growth was measured after 72 h of incubation. All hormones stimulated growth of MCF-7 cells (p
- Published
- 2010
21. Reproducibility in growth of breast and prostate cells stimulated with serum taken at different points in time from individuals on their habitual diets
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David J.A. Jenkins, Amin Esfahani, Balachandran Bashyam, Michael C. Archer, Korbua Srichaikul, and Cyril W.C. Kendall
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Reproducibility ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology ,Prostate cells - Published
- 2010
22. The effect of physiological concentrations of six hormones on the growth of breast and prostate cell lines treated with human serum
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David J.A. Jenkins, Balachandran Bashyam, Cyril W.C. Kendall, Michael C. Archer, Korbua Srichaikul, and Amin Esfahani
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology ,Prostate cell ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology ,Hormone - Published
- 2010
23. The effect of strawberries in a cholesterol-lowering dietary portfolio
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Robert G. Josse, Britt Burton-Freeman, Edward Vidgen, In Joo Kim, Darshna Patel, William Singer, Tri H. Nguyen, Howard D. Sesso, David J.A. Jenkins, Cyril W.C. Kendall, Balachandran Bashyam, Lawrence A. Leiter, Dorothea Faulkner, Christopher Ireland, and Andrea R. Josse
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Antioxidant ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Hypercholesterolemia ,Blood lipids ,Blood Pressure ,Biology ,Fragaria ,Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ,law.invention ,Endocrinology ,law ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Humans ,Palatability ,Diet, Fat-Restricted ,Aged ,Bran ,Anticholesteremic Agents ,food and beverages ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Crossover study ,Cholesterol ,Patient Compliance ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Female ,Phytotherapy ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Algorithms ,Lipoprotein - Abstract
Effective diets reduce blood lipids and oxidative damage, both of which have been linked to the complications of diabetes and coronary heart disease. Our objective was to assess the effect of adding strawberries, as a source of antioxidants, to improve the antioxidant effect of a cholesterol-lowering diet (dietary portfolio). To this end, 28 hyperlipidemic subjects who had followed the dietary portfolio consisting of soy, viscous fiber, plant sterol, and nuts for a mean of 2.5 years were randomized to receive supplements of strawberries (454 g/d, 112 kcal) or additional oat bran bread (65 g/d, 112 kcal, approximately 2 g beta-glucan) (control) in a randomized 1-month crossover study with a 2-week washout. Strawberry supplementation resulted in a greater reduction in oxidative damage to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) measured as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in the LDL fraction (P = .014). At the end of the strawberry period, reductions in LDL cholesterol and in the ratio of total to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were maintained close to 1-year values at -13.4% +/- 2.1% and -15.2% +/- 1.7%, respectively (P < .001), and were similar to the post-oat bran bread values. Strawberries also improved the palatability of the diet. We conclude that strawberry supplementation reduced oxidative damage to LDL while maintaining reductions in blood lipids and enhancing diet palatability. Added fruit may improve the overall utility of diets designed to lower coronary heart disease risk.
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- 2008
24. Effect of human serum on cancer cell growth
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Balachandran Bashyam, David J.A. Jenkins, Michael C. Archer, Cyril W.C. Kendall, and Amin Esfahani
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business.industry ,Cancer cell ,Genetics ,Cancer research ,Medicine ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2007
25. In Vitro and in Vivo Antioxidant Properties of the Plant-Based Supplement Greens+
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Rao, Venket, primary, Balachandran, Bashyam, additional, Shen, Honglei, additional, Logan, Alan, additional, and Rao, Leticia, additional
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- 2011
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26. Polyphenol Extract of Greens+™ Nutritional Supplement Stimulates Bone Formation in Cultures of Human Osteoblast-like SaOS-2 Cells
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Rao, Leticia G., primary, Balachandran, Bashyam, additional, and Rao, A. Venketeshwer, additional
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- 2008
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27. Polyphenol Extract of Greens+TM Nutritional Supplement Stimulates Bone Formation in Cultures of Human Osteoblast-like SaOS-2 Cells.
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Rao, Leticia G., Balachandran, Bashyam, and Rao, A. Venketeshwer
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POLYPHENOLS , *DIETARY supplements , *OSTEOPOROSIS , *PREVENTIVE medicine , *BONE physiology , *GREEN products , *EXTRACTION (Chemistry) , *ANTIOXIDANTS , *OSTEOCLAST inhibition - Abstract
Background and Aims: Oxidative stress has been associated with osteoporosis. Greens+™ is a commercially available nutritional supplement containing antioxidative polyphenols. Methods: To study the effects of greens+™ on differentiation and bone formation in human osteoblasts, the cells were cultured in Ham's F-12 medium in the absence or presence of varying concentrations of total free polyphenolic (TFP) in the extracts of greens+™. Results: Our results showed that the number of osteoblasts increased (p < .05) compared to vehicle control after 2 and 4 days of treatment but were reduced (p < .05) after 7 days of treatment with 1.2-2.0mg greens+™ extract/mi (corresponding to 16.8-27.9 ng TFP expressed as gallic acid equivalent per millilter). Lower concentrations of greens+™ extract stimulated alkaline phosphatase activity at early time points (days 9 and 11), while higher concentrations at the later time point of day 13 resulted in a significant (p < .05) inhibition, in a time (p < .0001) and dose dependent (p < .0001) manner. Greens+™ extract stimulated (p < .05) the mineralized bone nodule formation in a dose and time dependent manner. Conclusions: The results showed that greens+™ extract influenced the maturation of osteoprogenitors toward progression to a bone-forming stage. Our data suggest that greens+™ may have beneficial effects on bone formation in vitro due to its antioxidant polyphenolic content and we can speculate that it may be a good alternative to drugs for the prevention of osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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28. Effect of a Dietary Portfolio of Cholesterol-Lowering Foods Given at 2 Levels of Intensity of Dietary Advice on Serum Lipids in Hyperlipidemia A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Cheryl Collier, David J.A. Jenkins, Robert G. Josse, Balachandran Bashyam, Vanu Ramprasath, Lawrence A. Leiter, Chris M. Ireland, Cyril W. C. Kendall, Darshna Patel, Sandy Hoshizaki, Iris Gigleux, Jiri Frohlich, Philip W. Connelly, Luba Cermakova, Korbua Srichaikul, Benoît Lamarche, Shahad Abdulnour, Dorothea Faulkner, Peter B. Jones, and Russell J. de Souza
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Counseling ,Dietary Fiber ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Saturated fat ,education ,Blood lipids ,Context (language use) ,Hyperlipidemias ,law.invention ,symbols.namesake ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Hyperlipidemia ,medicine ,Humans ,Nuts ,Fisher's exact test ,Cholesterol ,business.industry ,Phytosterols ,General Medicine ,Cholesterol, LDL ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Dietary Fats ,Confidence interval ,Diet ,chemistry ,symbols ,Soybean Proteins ,Patient Compliance ,Female ,business - Abstract
Combining foods with recognized cholesterol-lowering properties (dietary portfolio) has proven highly effective in lowering serum cholesterol under metabolically controlled conditions.To assess the effect of a dietary portfolio administered at 2 levels of intensity on percentage change in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) among participants following self-selected diets.A parallel-design study of 351 participants with hyperlipidemia from 4 participating academic centers across Canada (Quebec City, Toronto, Winnipeg, and Vancouver) randomized between June 25, 2007, and February 19, 2009, to 1 of 3 treatments lasting 6 months.Participants received dietary advice for 6 months on either a low-saturated fat therapeutic diet (control) or a dietary portfolio, for which counseling was delivered at different frequencies, that emphasized dietary incorporation of plant sterols, soy protein, viscous fibers, and nuts. Routine dietary portfolio involved 2 clinic visits over 6 months and intensive dietary portfolio involved 7 clinic visits over 6 months.Percentage change in serum LDL-C.In the modified intention-to-treat analysis of 345 participants, the overall attrition rate was not significantly different between treatments (18% for intensive dietary portfolio, 23% for routine dietary portfolio, and 26% for control; Fisher exact test, P = .33). The LDL-C reductions from an overall mean of 171 mg/dL (95% confidence interval [CI], 168-174 mg/dL) were -13.8% (95% CI, -17.2% to -10.3%; P.001) or -26 mg/dL (95% CI, -31 to -21 mg/dL; P.001) for the intensive dietary portfolio; -13.1% (95% CI, -16.7% to -9.5%; P.001) or -24 mg/dL (95% CI, -30 to -19 mg/dL; P.001) for the routine dietary portfolio; and -3.0% (95% CI, -6.1% to 0.1%; P = .06) or -8 mg/dL (95% CI, -13 to -3 mg/dL; P = .002) for the control diet. Percentage LDL-C reductions for each dietary portfolio were significantly more than the control diet (P.001, respectively). The 2 dietary portfolio interventions did not differ significantly (P = .66). Among participants randomized to one of the dietary portfolio interventions, percentage reduction in LDL-C on the dietary portfolio was associated with dietary adherence (r = -0.34, n = 157, P.001).Use of a dietary portfolio compared with the low-saturated fat dietary advice resulted in greater LDL-C lowering during 6 months of follow-up.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00438425.
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