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Nuts as a replacement for carbohydrates in the diabetic diet
- Source :
- Diabetes Care
- Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- OBJECTIVE Fat intake, especially monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), has been liberalized in diabetic diets to preserve HDL cholesterol and improve glycemic control, yet the exact sources have not been clearly defined. Therefore, we assessed the effect of mixed nut consumption as a source of vegetable fat on serum lipids and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 117 type 2 diabetic subjects were randomized to one of three treatments for 3 months. Supplements were provided at 475 kcal per 2,000-kcal diet as mixed nuts (75 g/day), muffins, or half portions of both. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c. RESULTS The relative increase in MUFAs was 8.7% energy on the full-nut dose compared with muffins. Using an intention-to-treat analysis (n = 117), full-nut dose (mean intake 73 g/day) reduced HbA1c (−0.21% absolute HbA1c units, 95% CI −0.30 to −0.11, P < 0.001) with no change after half-nut dose or muffin. Full-nut dose was significantly different from half-nut dose (P = 0.004) and muffin (P = 0.001), but no difference was seen between half-nut dose and muffins. LDL cholesterol also decreased significantly after full-nut dose compared with muffin. The LDL cholesterol reduction after half-nut dose was intermediate and not significantly different from the other treatments. Apolipoprotein (apo) B and the apoB:apoA1 ratio behaved similarly. Nut intake related negatively to changes in HbA1c (r = −0.20, P = 0.033) and LDL cholesterol (r = −0.24, P = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Two ounces of nuts daily as a replacement for carbohydrate foods improved both glycemic control and serum lipids in type 2 diabetes.
- Subjects :
- Blood Glucose
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Apolipoprotein B
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
medicine.medical_treatment
Blood lipids
Type 2 diabetes
Statement of Retraction
chemistry.chemical_compound
Internal medicine
Diabetes mellitus
Diet, Diabetic
Internal Medicine
medicine
Dietary Carbohydrates
Humans
Nuts
Original Research
Glycemic
Aged
Advanced and Specialized Nursing
Glycated Hemoglobin
biology
Cholesterol
business.industry
digestive, oral, and skin physiology
Clinical Care/Education/Nutrition/Psychosocial Research
food and beverages
Cholesterol, LDL
Carbohydrate
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
Endocrinology
Diabetic diet
chemistry
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
biology.protein
lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins)
Female
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19355548
- Volume :
- 34
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Diabetes care
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....fd283d480466b184078f09ef76d8f71e