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2024 AUG 31 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Vital Proteins®, the leader in collagen-based wellness products1, is introducing the latest [...]

A review article published in Science China Life Sciences provides an overview of suppressor tRNA and its potential in gene therapy for genetic diseases caused by nonsense mutations. Suppressor tRNA is a molecule that can bypass stop codons in the genetic code, allowing translation to continue and resulting in the production of full-length proteins. The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of suppressor tRNA therapy compared to other readthrough therapies and highlights the potential application of suppressor tRNA in treating genetic diseases. While suppressor tRNA therapy shows promise, it still faces challenges such as efficiency and potential cytotoxicity. The development of molecular biology, bioinformatics, synthetic biology, and delivery systems is driving the advancement of suppressor tRNA gene therapy. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Shanghai Ocean University have developed a cost-effective and portable microfluidic paper-based sensor for the simultaneous and rapid detection of glucose, free amino acids, and vitamin C in fruits. The sensor, constructed using a poly(carboxybetaine acrylamide)-modified cellulose paper chip, demonstrated the ability to detect these nutrients in different colors within distinct detection zones. The use of stable silver nanoparticles for glucose detection improved sensitivity, with detection limits of 0.049 mmol/L for glucose, 0.236 mmol/L for free amino acids, and 0.125 mmol/L for vitamin C. The researchers believe that this paper-based colorimetric device could provide technical support for the nutritional value assessment of fruits. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at National Tsing Hua University in Hsinchu, Taiwan, has developed a rapid diagnostic system for enterovirus infections in children. The system utilizes a paper-based procalcitonin and interleukin-6 test strip, along with a portable optical spectrum reader, to measure serum levels of these biomarkers. The researchers found that interleukin-6 was more effective than procalcitonin in identifying patients with severe neurological complications. This new diagnostic platform has the potential to improve early sepsis recognition and infectious disease management, particularly in resource-limited settings. [Extracted from the article]

The method of claim 18, wherein the conjugating is of a protein, peptide, or polysaccharide and the protein, peptide, or polysaccharide is an antibody. For example, the protein, peptide, or polysaccharide can be an antibody, such as an antibody for a cytokine or a chemokine. [Extracted from the article]

According to the news editors, the research concluded: "Sequential IL-6 measurements with the IL-6 rapid diagnostic system might be useful in early clinical risk assessment and severity stratification of elderly patients with pneumonia. Keywords: Cytokines; Diagnostics and Screening; Health and Medicine; Infectious Disease; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Interleukin-6; Interleukins; Lung Diseases and Conditions; Peptides; Pneumonia; Proteins; Pulmonology; Respiratory Tract Diseases and Conditions; Respiratory Tract Infections; Risk and Prevention EN Cytokines Diagnostics and Screening Health and Medicine Infectious Disease Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Interleukin-6 Interleukins Lung Diseases and Conditions Peptides Pneumonia Proteins Pulmonology Respiratory Tract Diseases and Conditions Respiratory Tract Infections Risk and Prevention 1088 1088 1 05/22/23 20230526 NES 230526 2023 MAY 22 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Respiratory Therapeutics Week -- Researchers detail new data in pneumonia. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Pusan National University in South Korea have developed a versatile electrochemical biosensor chip for the simple and quantitative point-of-care testing of proteases. The chip consists of a reaction well, micropatterned electrodes, and target protease-dependent filter paper. The biosensor chips successfully detected three proteases: thrombin, leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and the 3CL protease from the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The detection limits for these proteases were approximately 100 pg/mL for thrombin, 100 pg/mL for Mpro in artificial saliva, and 8 U/L for LAP in human serum. This research has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A report from the University of Debrecen in Hungary discusses the importance of proteomics in animal science and other biological sciences. Proteomics studies the presence and relative abundance of expressed proteins in cells, tissues, and biological fluids. The researchers used two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D PAGE) to separate proteins based on their isoelectric point and mass. They tested different sample preparation and protein staining methods on meat, liver, and blood plasma. The study found that depleting major proteins in plasma is necessary for meat and liver samples. For more information, readers can refer to the article "Sample Preparation and Staining Methods for Two-Dimensional Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of Proteins from Animal Tissues" published in Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies. [Extracted from the article]

A research study conducted by Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine analyzed the literature on amino acid radiation protection over the past decade using CiteSpace software. The study found that the field is dynamic and continuously growing, with China, the United States, and India having higher publication volumes. The research hotspots in this field include ultraviolet radiation, oxidative stress, mycotoxin amino acids, and antioxidant activity. The study concludes that the visualization of the current situation, hotspots, and trends in amino acid radiation protection provides valuable guidance for the development of amino acid food and radiation protection research in the future. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Panjab University in Chandigarh, India, discusses a new method for monitoring tryptamine levels in food. Tryptamine is a compound that can cause foodborne diseases and abnormal activity in the central nervous system. The researchers developed a cost-effective methodology using fluorescent paper strips coated with a self-assembled dipeptide-modified zinc oxide material. This material showed a strong response to tryptamine and could selectively detect it, even in the presence of other biogenic amines. The study suggests that this methodology could be used to improve food safety by efficiently recognizing varying levels of tryptamine. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Spiru Haret University explores the impact of oxidative stress on the gastric mucosa in animals. The study investigates the effects of drinking water with a pH of 4 and undergoing water immersion for 30 minutes, three times a day. The results show an increase in lipid peroxidation indicators, as well as a decrease in total glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels. This research provides valuable insights into the biochemical modifications of gastric mucosa under oxidative stress. For more information, readers can refer to the article "Biochemical Modifications of Gastric Mucosa in Oxidative Stress" published in Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies. [Extracted from the article]

A recent analysis of published literature on diabetes and insulin biology found that less than 15% of papers included sex-based analysis, despite the existence of sex differences in diabetes risk and complications. The study also revealed that the majority of single-sex studies used male subjects only. While there has been a modest increase in the inclusion of sex as a biological variable over time, there are still significant opportunities for improvement in this area. The researchers suggest that journal policies can play a role in promoting better consideration of biological sex as a variable, which could lead to a better understanding of sex-specific mechanisms in diabetes and the development of sex-informed prevention and treatment strategies. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom explores the use of tryptophan and Petasis multicomponent reactions for macrocyclisation and labelling of peptides in the field of peptide-drug conjugates. The study highlights the potential of combining these methodologies to develop more effective and versatile synthetic strategies. The research focuses on key papers that have guided the development of this concept. Funders for this research include the Experientia Foundation, Grant Agency of the Czech Republic, and Cambridge Isaac Newton Trust. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering have developed a method to modify lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to target specific cells, including neurons, and cross the blood-brain barrier. This advancement could lead to potential treatments for neurological diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. By using peptides as targeting molecules, the LNPs can deliver mRNA to the brain's endothelial cells and neurons, a crucial step in developing mRNA-based treatments for brain diseases. The study was supported by various organizations, including the U.S. National Institutes of Health and the American Cancer Society. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Fujian Health College in Fuzhou, China, focused on the efficacy of combining Astragalus with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers in treating stage III diabetic nephropathy. The meta-analysis included 32 papers with 2462 patients, showing that the combination treatment led to a higher total effective rate and reduced levels of urinary protein excretion, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and glycosylated hemoglobin. While the study concluded that the combination treatment is safe and improves outcomes, it highlighted the need for further large-scale trials to evaluate its efficacy and safety in stage III diabetic nephropathy. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Bioengineering; Drugs and Therapies; Peptides; Peptides and Proteins; Proteins; Proteomics; University of California - Riverside; Virology; Viruses EN Bioengineering Drugs and Therapies Peptides Peptides and Proteins Proteins Proteomics University of California - Riverside Virology Viruses 1935 1935 1 09/25/23 20230929 NES 230929 2023 SEP 29 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- New UC Riverside research has revealed COVID's Achilles heel - its dependence on key human proteins for its replication - which can be used to prevent the virus from making people sick. COVID takes advantage of a human post-translation process called SUMOylation, which directs the virus' N protein to the right location for packaging its genome after infecting human cells. "We used fluorescent glow to show us where the virus is interacting with human proteins and making new virions - infectious viral particles", said UCR bioengineering professor and corresponding paper author Jiayu Liao. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Qingdao University in China have focused on the study and application of antioxidant peptides (APs) to combat the damaging effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body. Two new antioxidant peptides, CHCIWM (AP1) and CHCPWM (AP2), were designed and synthesized, showing strong antioxidant activity in scavenging ROS in cells. This research, supported by various funding sources, highlights the potential of APs in treating chronic diseases caused by cellular oxidative damage. The study was published in ChemistrySelect and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

Research from the University of Oslo focuses on peptide hormones, specifically insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin, which are crucial for regulating blood sugar levels. The study highlights the importance of measuring these hormones using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for various applications, including studying diseases like diabetes mellitus and doping control. The research emphasizes the sensitivity, selectivity, and speed of LC-MS methods in accurately analyzing pancreatic hormones and their analogs. The study covers papers published between 2019 and 2024 and provides valuable insights into the determination of pancreatic hormones. [Extracted from the article]

The University of Auckland conducted research on obtaining umami peptides from protein-rich foods to enhance taste and nutritional value in food products. The study explored various food processing methods such as fermentation, enzymatic hydrolysis, and the Maillard reaction to generate umami peptides. The research highlighted the importance of protein hydrolysis, the Maillard reaction, and extraction and separation methods in producing high-intensity umami peptides. This review paper offers valuable insights for future research on creating umami peptides efficiently. [Extracted from the article]

Tantalizing implications The new paper demonstrates that ATE1 binds to clusters of iron and sulfur ions, and that the enzyme's activity increases two- to three-fold when it is bound to one of these iron-sulfur clusters. These enzymes add arginine (an amino acid) to proteins, which often flags the proteins for destruction in the cell. Keywords: Amino Acids; Arginine; Basic Amino Acids; Biochemistry; Chalcogens; Chemicals; Chemistry; Diamino Amino Acids; Drugs and Therapies; Enzymes and Coenzymes; Essential Amino Acids; Health and Medicine; Iron-sulfur Cluster; Peptides; Peptides and Proteins; Proteins; Sulfur; Therapeutics; Therapy; University of Maryland Baltimore County EN Amino Acids Arginine Basic Amino Acids Biochemistry Chalcogens Chemicals Chemistry Diamino Amino Acids Drugs and Therapies Enzymes and Coenzymes Essential Amino Acids Health and Medicine Iron-sulfur Cluster Peptides Peptides and Proteins Proteins Sulfur Therapeutics Therapy University of Maryland Baltimore County 534 534 1 03/27/23 20230331 NES 230331 2023 MAR 31 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- A new paper in Nature Communications illuminates how a previously poorly understood enzyme works in the cell. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Ziauddin University provides an overview of salivary interleukin-1 (IL-1) as a biomarker for periodontitis. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that leads to the destruction of periodontal tissues and the formation of pathological pockets around the affected teeth. Salivary diagnostic tests are becoming popular as they can detect various chemokines and cytokines related to oral pathologies, including periodontitis. IL-1, produced in the gingival crevicular fluid, is considered one of the most important cytokines that has detrimental effects on periodontal tissues. This paper aims to provide an extensive overview of the role of salivary IL-1 in periodontitis. [Extracted from the article]

A recent consensus statement from researchers at the Medical University of Vienna provides an update on the use of interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibitors in the treatment of inflammatory conditions. IL-6 has become a major therapeutic target for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, and this paper summarizes the most recent evidence and expert opinions on the medical use of IL-6 pathway inhibitors. The consensus document covers various indications for IL-6 pathway inhibitors, including rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, giant cell arteritis, Castleman's disease, and severe COVID-19. The document aims to inform healthcare professionals, patients, administrators, and payers about the use of IL-6 inhibition in treating inflammatory disorders. [Extracted from the article]

New mathematical tools have been developed to study how quickly cell proteins break down, providing insights into the aging process. The research, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, quantifies the degradation rates of cell proteins using a technique called maximum entropy. The study found that proteins fall into three categories, breaking down over minutes, hours, or days. The research also explored the implications of protein degradation for muscle development, starvation, and neurodegenerative diseases. This study provides a new method for investigating cell activity and metabolism. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Cancer; Drugs and Therapies; Genetics; Health and Medicine; Immunotherapy; Oncology; Peptides; Peptides and Proteins; Proteins; Proteomics; Washington University School of Medicine EN Cancer Drugs and Therapies Genetics Health and Medicine Immunotherapy Oncology Peptides Peptides and Proteins Proteins Proteomics Washington University School of Medicine 1022 1022 1 08/28/23 20230829 NES 230829 2023 AUG 29 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Immunotherapy Weekly -- Scientists have completed a deep analysis of the proteins driving cancer across multiple tumor types, information that can't be assessed by genome sequencing alone. "For some cancers, even with mutations having the potential to generate tumor antigens, if there is no abnormal protein expressed, or very little, such mutations may not be targetable for treatment", Ding said. [Extracted from the article]

A research paper titled "Cyclin D1 expression in penile cancer" was recently published in Oncotarget's Volume 15. The study, conducted by researchers from various universities in Brazil, aimed to analyze the expression of cyclin D1 in patients with penile cancer (PC) and determine its correlation with clinical and histopathological features. The study involved 100 PC patients and found that the absence of cyclin D1 expression was associated with HPV-positive histological subtypes, while its expression was associated with high-grade tumors, histological subtype, presence of sarcomatoid transformation, and perineural invasion. The researchers suggest that cyclin D1 may be a potential biomarker for PC, particularly for poorer prognosis. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to Yale University for methods and compositions for detecting misfolded proteins, which can be used as a diagnostic tool for preeclampsia, a pregnancy-specific hypertensive disorder. Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The patent describes a paper-based method and a smartphone-based method for detecting misfolded proteins in urine, using a dye called Congo Red. These methods have the potential to improve the detection of preeclampsia and reduce pregnancy-related complications and mortality. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at GLA University in Uttar Pradesh, India, focused on the synthesis, characterization, and pharmacological screening of mutual prodrugs of etodolac, a drug commonly used for pain and inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis. The researchers synthesized different amino acid methyl esters conjugated with etodolac to enhance protein synthesis and provide antioxidant action. The synthesized prodrugs demonstrated sustained release of the parent drug and had more analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential than etodolac. Additionally, the prodrugs had a lower ulcerogenic index than the parent drug. The study utilized various characterization techniques such as IR spectroscopy, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectrometry. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses a non-invasive approach to predicting diabetes using logistic regression optimized with the Newton-Raphson method. The model utilizes features from the Pima Indians Diabetes Database and achieved an overall accuracy of 75%. While effective in predicting diabetes status, the model encountered false positives and false negatives, indicating areas for improvement. This approach offers a cost-efficient alternative for early diabetes detection and provides insights into factors influencing diabetes risk. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Hubei Normal University in China have conducted a study on hypertension, focusing on the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the condition. The study highlights how ACE influences the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, leading to vasoconstriction and hypertension. The researchers suggest that ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) could be effective in treating hypertension, and propose using molecular docking technology to develop targeted drugs for ACE. This study provides valuable insights for future research on hypertension treatment. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Technical University Darmstadt in Germany explores the design of bioactive materials based on cellulose or paper. The study focuses on the structure and interaction of biofunctionalization with the carrier material at the nanoscale. The researchers synthesized a small peptide sequence and bound it to microcrystalline cellulose using a wet chemical approach. They used various techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance to characterize the model system. The study suggests that the peptide binds to the cellulose via an ester bond. This research provides valuable insights into the biofunctionalization of cellulose and could contribute to the development of bioactive materials. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the role of thiamine pyrophosphokinase-1 (TPK) deficiency in the development of Alzheimer's disease. The study found that TPK deficiency in microglia, a type of brain cell, contributes to the propagation of amyloid-beta plaques, which are associated with the disease. The reduction of TPK in microglia leads to dysfunction, including reduced phagocytosis and weak response to tissue injury. However, increased plaques did not result in the development of neurofibrillary tangles or brain atrophy. This research provides insights into the mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease and the role of TPK in its progression. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Qufu Normal University in Shandong, China, explored the research trends and hotspots in the field of exercise-regulated myokines. Myokines are bioactive factors secreted by skeletal muscle during exercise that play a crucial role in inter-organ interactions. The study analyzed research literature from 2003 to 2023 and found that there has been a slow but steady growth in publications on this topic. The United States and China were the leading countries in terms of publications and collaboration networks, with Harvard University ranking first in terms of the number of publications. The study identified key co-cited reference clusters, such as skeletal muscle dysfunction and obesity, and highlighted the importance of myokine-mediated oxidative stress in exercise simulation. Overall, the research in this field shows an upward trend, with a focus on different types of exercise and the interaction of myokines with other organs. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Havana; Cuba; Antibacterials; Antibiotics; Antiinfectives; Antimicrobials; Drugs and Therapies; Glycopeptide Antibiotics; Glycopeptides Therapy; Health and Medicine; Peptides; Pharmaceuticals; Vancomycin Therapy EN Havana Cuba Antibacterials Antibiotics Antiinfectives Antimicrobials Drugs and Therapies Glycopeptide Antibiotics Glycopeptides Therapy Health and Medicine Peptides Pharmaceuticals Vancomycin Therapy 2861 2861 1 11/06/23 20231110 NES 231110 2023 NOV 10 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- Current study results on Drugs and Therapies - Glycopeptide Antibiotics have been published. Havana, Cuba, Antibacterials, Antibiotics, Antiinfectives, Antimicrobials, Drugs and Therapies, Glycopeptide Antibiotics, Glycopeptides Therapy, Health and Medicine, Peptides, Pharmaceuticals, Vancomycin Therapy. [Extracted from the article]

Jamshoro, Pakistan, Asia, Amino Acids, Cholesterol, Emerging Technologies, Health and Medicine, Lipid Research, Lipids, Lipoproteins, Nanoparticles, Nanotechnology, Peptides, Peptides and Proteins, Proteins Keywords: Jamshoro; Pakistan; Asia; Amino Acids; Cholesterol; Emerging Technologies; Health and Medicine; Lipid Research; Lipids; Lipoproteins; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Peptides; Peptides and Proteins; Proteins EN Jamshoro Pakistan Asia Amino Acids Cholesterol Emerging Technologies Health and Medicine Lipid Research Lipids Lipoproteins Nanoparticles Nanotechnology Peptides Peptides and Proteins Proteins 204 204 1 10/16/23 20231017 NES 231017 2023 OCT 19 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Hematology Week -- Current study results on Cholesterol have been published. [Extracted from the article]

Asia, Blood Brain Barrier, Blood-Brain Barrier, Brain Research, Central Nervous System, China, Emerging Technologies, Health and Medicine, Nanosphere, Nanospheres, Nanotechnology, Peptides, Proteins, Proteomics, Science China Press Keywords: Asia; Blood Brain Barrier; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Research; Central Nervous System; China; Emerging Technologies; Health and Medicine; Nanosphere; Nanospheres; Nanotechnology; Peptides; Proteins; Proteomics; Science China Press EN Asia Blood Brain Barrier Blood-Brain Barrier Brain Research Central Nervous System China Emerging Technologies Health and Medicine Nanosphere Nanospheres Nanotechnology Peptides Proteins Proteomics Science China Press 1142 1142 1 09/04/23 20230908 NES 230908 2023 SEP 8 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- In a paper published in SCIENCE CHINA Materials, Yang and coworkers report a novel tetrapeptide, GFFY, which is capable of efficiently crossing the BBB. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Autoimmune Diseases and Conditions; Autoimmune Diseases and Conditions of the Nervous System; Biological Factors; CNS Demyelinating Autoimmune Disease; Cytokines; Demyelinating Diseases and Conditions; Fuzzy Logic; Health and Medicine; Immune System Diseases and Conditions; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Interferon Type I; Interferon-beta; Interferons; Multiple Sclerosis; Neuroimmunology; Neurology; Peptides; Proteins EN Autoimmune Diseases and Conditions Autoimmune Diseases and Conditions of the Nervous System Biological Factors CNS Demyelinating Autoimmune Disease Cytokines Demyelinating Diseases and Conditions Fuzzy Logic Health and Medicine Immune System Diseases and Conditions Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Interferon Type I Interferon-beta Interferons Multiple Sclerosis Neuroimmunology Neurology Peptides Proteins 1768 1768 1 08/28/23 20230901 NES 230901 2023 SEP 1 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Investigators publish new report on multiple sclerosis. This paper proposes an alternative fuzzy logic system, based on the opinion of a neurology expert, to classify relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients as high, medium, or low responders to interferon-beta. [Extracted from the article]

According to the news editors, the research concluded: "This paper presents a detailed workflow for labeling cell surface proteins from cancer cells, enriching these proteins out of the cell lysate, and subsequent sample preparation for mass spectrometry analysis." Keywords: San Francisco; State:California; United States; North and Central America; Peptides; Peptides and Proteins; Proteins; Proteome; Proteomics EN San Francisco State:California United States North and Central America Peptides Peptides and Proteins Proteins Proteome Proteomics 5392 5392 1 06/05/23 20230609 NES 230609 2023 JUN 9 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Current study results on Peptides and Proteins - Proteome have been published. To overcome this technical barrier and accurately define the cell surface proteome of various cell types using mass spectrometry proteomics, it is necessary to enrich the cell lysate for cell surface proteins prior to analysis on the mass spectrometer.". [Extracted from the article]

A recent study led by Guadalupe Sabio from the National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) has discovered a signaling pathway between muscle and the brain that activates the desire to engage in physical activity. The study found that proteins produced by the muscle during exercise regulate each other, preventing excessive exercise from harming the body. The researchers observed that the activation of two proteins, p38a and p38g, in the muscle during exercise influences the desire for physical activity. Additionally, the study found that interleukin 15 (IL-15), a protein produced by the activation of p38g, has a direct effect on the part of the brain that controls movement, enhancing motor activity. The researchers suggest that this signaling pathway could have therapeutic significance in treating obesity and metabolic diseases. Regular exercise was found to improve metabolism and reduce the tendency towards diabetes and fat accumulation in animals fed a high-fat diet. In humans, both p38 proteins were activated in exercised muscles, and IL-15 blood levels increased, with lower values observed in obese patients. The researchers propose that IL-15 could serve as a biomarker for the desire to exercise and potentially be used to develop targeted interventions for individuals who are less likely to engage in physical activity, such as those with obesity. [Extracted from the article]

Scientists at University College London (UCL) have discovered a new role played by ribosomes in the folding of proteins in cells. Ribosomes, which are responsible for protein synthesis, also contribute to the folding process by impacting the energy and stability of new peptide chains. The researchers found that unfolded proteins adopt expanded structures on the ribosome, while off the ribosome they become more compact and spherical. This understanding of co-translational protein folding could have implications for disease research and the development of new treatment pathways. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the Institute of Marine Research in Vigo, Spain, highlights the importance of food authentication and allergen profiling. The researchers discuss proteomic approaches, including discovery proteomics, targeted proteomics, and proteomics-based systems biology, for authenticating food and identifying allergens. The study also explores future directions and potential opportunities in this field. This research has been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights for authorities, food production and manufacturing industries, and customers. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Hunan Agricultural University in China explores the role of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in ruminant nutrition. BCAAs, including leucine, isoleucine, and valine, are essential amino acids that ruminants cannot synthesize on their own. The study highlights the importance of BCAAs in various physiological processes in ruminants, such as digestion, metabolism, mammary gland development, and immune system functions. The researchers emphasize the need for further comprehensive reviews and discuss the potential benefits of optimizing BCAAs supplementation in ruminant feeding programs. This research provides valuable insights for future studies in this field. [Extracted from the article]

A recent preprint study discusses the role of hexanucleotide repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The study presents a zebrafish model that exhibits significant pathology and motor decline associated with these conditions. The researchers also explore the potential therapeutic option of hypothermic temperature management (TTM) in reducing the pathological effects of C9orf72-ALS/FTD. This study provides a valuable tool for further investigating the mechanisms underlying neuroprotective strategies and suggests hypothermic- TTM as a potential therapeutic avenue for C9orf72-ALS/FTD. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Tianjin University in China have reported new data on antimicrobial therapy based on self-assembling peptides. The emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms has become a global health threat, limiting the use of medical materials. The researchers highlight the importance of unconventional therapies that act on new targets or adopt new mechanisms in the era of antibiotic resistance. They discuss the antimicrobial activity of self-assembled peptides, research progress, and assembly strategies. This research has been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into the development of antimicrobial peptides. [Extracted from the article]

Peptides have emerged as key regulators in various physiological processes, including growth, development, stress, and defense responses within plants as well as ecological interactions of plants with microbes and animals. Understanding and harnessing plant peptides can lead to the development of innovative strategies for crop improvement, increasing agricultural productivity, and enhancing resilience to environmental challenges such as drought, pests, and diseases. Moreover, some plant peptides have shown promise in human health applications, with potential therapeutic benefits as ingredients in herbal medicines as well as novel drug leads. The exploration of plant peptides is essential for unraveling the mysteries of plant biology and advancing peptide drug discovery. This short personal commentary provides a very brief overview about the field of plant-derived peptides and a personal word of motivation to increase the number of scientists in pharmacognosy working with these fascinating biomolecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]