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The management of protected areas is a major challenge for the current government. Whereas the state is the negotiation space and that decisions on environmental policy are related to the bargaining process that are established in society and the interests linked to them, social participation in the management of protected areas is essential to ensure that priorities upon its creation are made compatible with the expectations of the local population, integrating the active and committed way with this process. Written from literature and document research, this paper presents a theoretical discussion about the legal and operational instruments existing environmental policy in Brazil, with emphasis on natural resource management. It also discusses the concept of public policy and social participation and highlights the management councils and the development of management plans as instruments that could a dynamic learning process and strengthening social participation in protected area management. It concluded by the need to establish a new look at the form of participation that you want to manage these areas, aiming to enable management tools defined for conservation units a coming opportunity and strengthening social participation in this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technology can be considered important ally in solving problems in different productive sectors of Brazil. For Agribusiness, may involve improving productivity without increasing the exploitation of productive areas and assist in ensuring the health issues. So there is this process of creation and innovation is needed that knowledge is stimulated. The paper aims to verify the presence of knowledge in spaces intended for Agribusiness, check especially (i) government incentives for technology development, (ii) the production of agricultural machinery and (iii) the geographical indications in the country. For both data collections were made at various government sites and in the yearbook of the National Association of Automobile Manufacturers. The results indicate that there are programs and financial incentives for technology development, and most activities are consistent with the global technological trends. It is emphasized that the activities of the production and marketing of agricultural machinery stand out in 2014 in the southern region of the country. With respect to geographical indications, the year 2012 has the largest number of accepted indications, sticking to wine production. Implicitly or explicitly, knowledge is present and influences the continuity and advances in technological elements that can positively change the context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a research bibliographic of analytical theoretical nature that aims to discuss the concepts of equality and gender difference advocated by Joan Wallach Scott and relates them to the world of sport research. It was intended to anchor gender relations presented by American historian and relates them to the problems observed in the sports field, especially in relations of equality and difference denounced and defended at the beginning of XXI century. When dealing with the history of women from a gender perspective, one realizes that the political, social and cultural fields are always on the scene, and why not inserting the issue of sport in the debate? In this paper it is observed that the paradigmatic claim of equality, sometimes in his own defense, paradoxically must be new significance for the difference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper has the objective to identify the management strategies developed by cashew nut producers of the municipality of Serra do Mel / RN. The interviews were conducted with the most active producers of each agrovila, totaling 23 producers. It has been found that producers have an entrepreneurial profile characterized by persistence, mutual aid, ability to deal with uncertainties and seize opportunities, as they achieve success in their business even without indepth technical knowledge and access to new technologies, without financial resources, with the uncertainty arising from drought and without government incentives. They saw in this medium of marketing their products a strategy for social, rural and economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The waste management and the role of waste pickers as environmental agents have been gaining prominence in recent years due to the sanction of Brazilian National Policy of Solid Waste. The objective of this paper is to verify the economic development promoted by the improvement in the income of the population of the Structural Administrative Region, in Distrito Federal, which provided a decrease in the Gini index. Besides, also this paper has as objective, to analyze the conditions of waste pickers organized in associations and cooperatives in the process of waste management. In order to reach this purpose, we used as a basis the District Search Household Sampling - PDAD held by CODEPLAN in 2004 and 2011. Based on data presented in PDAD 2004 and 2011, it was found an improvement in family income of the population, resident at Structural region. These results were represented by the decrease of the families with income until two minimum wages and the increase of the families with incomes of two to five minimum wages. However, by restricting this research to waste pickers, it was found that they have income near to one minimum wage monthly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We are constantly making use ofa variety of technological resources, e.g.: computer, tablet, cellular phone, internet; among others, in the simplest activities of our daily life. The main focus of this study is to address the six-year-old girl's interaction, who has not frequent contact with computer and tablet. By means of this paper, it is reported as such child interacted with these technological resources for four observation sessions, from the vygotskian perspective.This paper was prepared through the qualitative approach, using it as a design, the case study. For data collection were used observations and at some times, dialogue driven by screenplay and in others no, with the child. The results show that even without having to use computer and tablet, the child had prior knowledge about these devices and, throughout the research, the child was increasingly appropriating information about the usability of these resources, even being under the initial process of acquisition of the written code. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The particle shape and size distribution are parameters that exerts great influence when working with particulate material, involving from mining to pharmaceutical and food industries and others. However, shape analyzes consist basically on static analyzes with strong limitations on the number of particles analyzed (low statistical significance). In the mining industry, the possibility to evaluate the particle's shape may be particularly interesting in several areas, for example: characterization of particles generated by different comminution mechanisms (evaluation of crushers and mills), the effect of particle morphology in the efficiency of flotation, processes separation and minerals that depend on particles kinetic behavior (hydrocyclones, vibrating tables, spirals concentrators, jigs). There are several papers regarding the influence of particle morphology in various mineral beneficiation processes; however, according to the international literature little attention has been given to its understanding, and existing researches focus, mostly, with particle's shape only on a qualitative approach, mainly by the lack of a technique able to quantify these parameters. This paper presents a review of characterization methods for particle size and shape and three case studies on the application of the dynamic image analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is the result of a survey conducted in the settlement Vereda I located in the municipality of Padre Bernardo, in the state of Goiás. In the region there are several settlements created in the decade 1990's by workers of rural origin who migrated mainly from Northeastern of Brazil to work in Brasilia, before arriving in the settlements. Thus, this space has emerged as a field of possibility for these workers. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to present a general characterization of labor relations, organization of production and technological profile adopted by settlers. The methodological strategy used was the case study, the use of in depth interviews as the main technique for data collection. At the end of the study if was identified that the lack of experience with the lands of the Cerrado, the lack of appropriate technologies for the region, lack of infrastructure and technical assistance are identified as the main reason for the rew results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The engineering case showed in this paper regards to a failure analysis involving a steel cable. This cable is widely used as transmission component in fitness machines also called as apolete. This simple curling galvanized steel cable, with 4.8 mm in diameter, 785,34 N/mm2 in tensile strength and produced by a Brazilian Company named Siva Industry Ltda is studied here. To determine the mechanism that caused premature failure of this element, the following failure criteria were adopted: static and dynamic tensile stress, pure bending stress besides useful life for steel cable which is based on the Niemam experimental equation. The permissible stress design related to each of these methods was calculated. The results indicated that the steel cable rupture was caused by the fatigue process due to the high number of cycles of blending which it was submitted. Added to that, the inverted movements produced a premature failure of the material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An alternative to solve complex problems of optimization is using metaheuristic algorithms. Metaheuristics are approximate methods that provide acceptable solutions for optimization problems. In recent years, some metaheuristics inspired by the behavior of nature animals, especially those that live in groups, have been widely used. This paper aims present a brief study about two metaheuristics known as Firefly Algorithm and Bat Algorithm. The comparison is performed using several computational experiments to optimize benchmark functions that are classical in the literature. For this, 30 independent runs were performed. They consider different dimensions and quantity of evaluations of the fitness function. After the experiments, numeric results are presented and they show the superiority of the Firefly Algorithm compared to Bat Algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the scenario of Brazilian academic production on the training of teachers inVocational and Technological Education. In September/2014, the skimming process on the data was done throughout the thesis and dissertations database of Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES),the CAPES journals section, Scielo database, the annual meetings of Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação (ANPED), and Encontros de Didática e Prática de Ensino (ENDIPE). Theperiod of time analyzed is between 2005 and 2014. The studies approachedhighlight the importance of creating moments regarding the continuing training, assuming the responsibility to support the professional development of teachers, likewise,they reinforce the necessityof epistemological and methodological basis in order to do so. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to discuss the insertion of Transmedia Narrative elements and learning process, specifically in learning Text Genre. For this, we present a theoretical basis for the reflection of the concept of Transmedia Narrative and the Text Genre, and emphasized the Chronicle, gender used for the development of the activity. Therefore, it has as objective to reflect about the concepts of Transmedia Narrative and Text genres; and it investigates how learning takes place the chronic genre through transmedia elements from a practical activity of production of this genre with students of the Social Communication course -Journalism. To reach the goals, it was used in the research methodology, the bibliographical research and action research, the latter used in the practice of labor. Thus, it was planned and developed an activity involving elements of transmedia and production of chronic genre. Finally, with this activity, we collected up results which stated that the use of transmedia elements contributed to the learning worked gender, through the engagement and authorship provided by the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extraction of vermiculite generates by-products (BP-vermiculite) that are dumped off in the mine surroundings causing water and visual pollution, and silting up of rivers and reservoirs. These residues have physical and chemical attributes that enable them to replace alluvial soil in the composition of the substrate used to produce tree seedlings.The use of such residues means less environmental pollution, the production of seedlings that can be used for reforestation of degraded areas and the preservation of the sites from which the alluvial soil would be extracted. This paper evaluated the use of the balanced mixture (1:1 v/v) of the fine and ultrafine by-products of the vermiculite extraction as substrate in the production of faveleira (Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl.) seedlings and determined the amount of cattle manure necessary to be added to that mixture. The experiment was carried out from April 2013 to February 2014 in a screened shed at the UFCG/CSTRUAEF forest nursery facilities, in Patos, PB - Brazil, according to a completely randomized design with.6 treatments (BP-vermiculite with 0, 5, 10 and 20% cattle manure addition, and alluvial soil with 0 and 33% cattle manure addition) and 5 replications. BP-vermiculite can be used in the production of faveleira seedlings when 10 to 20% manure addition is applied, resulting in seedlings with the same (or higher) height, basal diameter and sprouting vigor observed in seedlings produced with the conventional substrate (alluvial soil and cattle manure). The use of BP-vermiculite to produce favela seedlings is viable, and implies in the reductionof the environmental impacts caused by their deposition in the environment and by the extraction of soil from alluvial sites normally used to produce seedlings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The understanding of the causes and risks of climate change, as well as the knowledge on how to mitigate the problems associated with this issue, is fundamental to make the society aware of the importance of this environmental aspect. Information about climate change has increased in the past years. However, the communication is facing challenges in translating the scientific knowledge into a non-academic language easy to assimilate. Also, the politicization and polarization of climate science and the difficulty in motivating society to change their lifestyle in order to reduce environmental impacts are important issues to be considered. This paper addresses the main factors that limit the communication effectiveness on climate change, and presents alternatives to improve the communication between science and society and thus engage it to mitigate the global warming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to understand the design and development planning for physical education (PE) pedagogical practice in the context of PIBID PE of CEFD-UFSM. For data collection it was done interviews with twelve fellows, six supervisors and two coordinators. Even though historically the PE pedagogical planning at schools have weaknesses and sometimes it is reduced to the fulfillment of bureaucratic requirements, the data demonstrated that Physical Education planning in PIBID subproject has assumed relevance in meetings and in pedagogical practice of those involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents preliminary results of a study that analyses the socioeconomic profile of the students covered by the Permanent Promotion Program of Instituto Federal de Brasília in the year of 2014. That Program is part of the Student Assistance Politic regulated in 2014 on the basis of the Student Assistance National Program of the Federal Government. The methodology was an exploratory and descriptive case study. The data was collected from a secondary data found on Coordination of Student Assistance and Social Inclusion and this data was analysed by descriptive statistic. The first results point out that 64,53% of the students covered by the program were unemployed. Taking into account that they mostly studied high school and they are in the age group higher than 18 years old we observe that exists an increase of the number of students out of the job market and searching for capacitation. So, that information confirms the thesis that the students that are covered by the Program remains in the course. Thus, as the students have difficult socioeconomic conditions the assistance that they received is a condition of their permanence and course conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at analysing the professional education and the teacher training and its atuation in IFTM - Campus Paracatu. The theoretical referential it was approached about teacher formation and professional education. The methodology was pointed out in teacher's interviews which were made through questionnaires. In total, it was interviewed 33 teachers. It was conclued that, in general the teacher has some professional experience. In addition, it was realized that the teachers need pedagogical formation and they consider which this formation is important for the work's performance. The results show which the pedagogical formation is also important for students' degree courses, because they consider their formation is not enough for functioning in their job. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the use of parrhesia (greek παρρησία), a conceptual tool explored by Michel Foucault, in his late thinking, as booster and ethical catalyst for articulating experience issues, to enable and accelerate the ethopoiésis of the learner in a plural and non-absolute world. In addition to the theoretical contribution of Foucault, the Michel Fabre's theoretical framework was used to reflect on the correlation between parrhesia and experience. It is concluded by indicating discussions on the Ethics field for educational processes between parrhesia and experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the percentage of english information available in Word Wide Web is decreasing, because other languages such as: Chinese, Spanish, Arabic and Portuguese are gaining acceptance and dissemination. This phenomenon has caused that multilingualism become as one of the major challenges for intelligent documents processing, management, and retrieval. In order to deal with this problem efficiently, computer's system need to design new models or improve traditional models for documents representation. The availability of multilingual concepts repositories and semantic networks has opened an attractive approach to model documents written in different languages as concept vectors into a common space of representation. In this paper we present a new concept-based representation using Multilingual Central Repository. Our proposals apply a coarse-grained word sense disambiguation for selecting the appropriate concept according to topic and relevant domains discussed in documents. We experimentally evaluate our proposed method into a multilingual document classifications task. The results obtained in the experiments are encouraging, and demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to reflect and critically discuss the meanders related to Brazilian youth, presenting the challenges and limits of this segment in a time of constant change. This is a qualitative research, using as main methods of data collection the bibliographic research and the survey of statistical variables from large official national databases. Among the main results obtained, it can be noted that the concept of the teenager is related to a variety of topics ranging from the teen's naturalistic view to conceptualize it as a historical and social subject the survey of statistical variables from large official national databases. Furthermore, the titles called "yo-yo", "kangaroo" and "no no" were analyzed as social processes that act as symbolic instances of social reproduction, reflecting directly in the conflicts experienced by Brazilian youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coffee farming is an important economic activity for farmers in many countries in America, Africa, Asia and Oceania. However, African coffee production has lost its share of the world market in recent decades. This paper analyzed the decline of African coffee production from the perspective of the New Institutional Economics (NIE). The research was done in two stages. First, a bibliographical research was carried out on the political history of four countries that were the most important coffee producers in Africa in the 1960s: Angola, Ethiopia, Côte d'Ivoire and Uganda. In the second stage, a documentary survey was conducted on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) actions of multinational coffee companies in African countries in recent years. The data obtained were processed with contente analysis and nterpreted from the assumptions of the NIE. The results indicate that there was great political instability in the four countries analyzed, something that prevents the development of institutions capable of fostering economic development. In this context, the results show that the action of multinational companies fills a void left by the State. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper confronts the historicity of Physical Education in Brazil with Law 10.639/03 (requiring the history and the african-Brazilian culture in the curricula of primary and secondary schools), trying to place this educational component of basic education in the diffusion and implementation of that law. The goal is to promote discussions for understanding a culturally plural country and a school historically influenced by projects and ethnocentric. Elsewhere suggests reflect on the importance of combating all forms of discrimination and inequality in school and beyond. Working themes of Body Culture, moving through an ethnic-racial education is suggesting the work, and analyzing didactic- methodological possibilities that may lead the individual to recognize the civilizing value of African culture and african-Brazilian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyze how a regression in the social rights of workers in Spain has been taking place. Thus, the rights recognized to workers in the Spanish Constitution have passed from "social" rights to "flexible" rights. All this is encouraged by legislative policies based on the fact that greater flexibility in the workplace (of all types, structural or internal) would lead to the creation or, at least, the maintenance of jobs. In this way Spain has abandoned the objectives of "quality" in employment, which has eroded important elements of stability within the labor relationship. In short, the economic crisis that Spain is going through has meant that labor law has lost its protective character, with a large number of unemployed or pauperworkers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work aimed to examine a set of publications that had the concept of "socio-spatial segregation" in their titles, in order to elucidate what they actually describe and analyze about the theme. In order to fulfill this objective, as a methodological procedure, the following filters were used: Portal de Periodicals of Capes, Google Academic and SciELO, with the intention of searching all articles published between 2001 and 2017. After the verification of the material, 36 works were selected. Next, the software named Iramuteq was used for textual analysis of the abstracts and introductions of these works to verify the themes and subjects covered. The results show that the papers presented discussions divided into two categories, which were then divided into four thematic groups. The two categories were called "empirical bias", on the part of the articles that have an exposition of local realities through empirical research, and "theoretical bias", on the other part of the articles that seek reflections on the concept of sociospatial segregation. Finally, it is concluded that the data of the present work evidences information that allows to offer a direction to researchers of the thematic, since it contributes with the state of the art on the concept. In other words, it reveals more referenced authors, journals that publish the works, objectives, methods most used and, finally, their subjects and the focus of research, providing subsidies for new studies and deepening in subjects that still can be explored in the academy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regarding the environmental crisis, which covers not only issues related to resource depletion, greenhouse effect, pollution and the general imbalance of ecosystems, but also economic inequalities, poverty, equity and social justice. Therefore, the search for a balanced ecosystem is increasingly present in various sectors of society, in this study will address what corresponds to the perception of environmental education to assist in emerging awareness. It is considered that higher education institutions cannot, and should, remain outside the solution of environmental problems through their core functions of teaching, research and links. In this paper the perception of under graduate students from the Polytechnic University of the Évora Valley, Mexico; is addressed with regard to environmental education and the impact of it on their environment. The theoretical aspect and generalities about the perception of environmental education, was analyzed through a data collection instrument type questionnaire composed of 26 questions in Likert scale, to 115 students. The content analysis of responses to analyze the attitudes and assessment of students regarding the concepts ecology, environment and environmental relationship with science and technology. It is concluded that it is necessary to include in the curricula plan of the Polytechnic University of the Valley of Évora, from a cross-cutting approach the subject of environmental education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of a systematic review of the literature on mobile learning in elementary school. It aims to present empirical evidence on the use of mobile devices that support the teaching and learning process of teachers and students of elementary school 5th to 9th grade. Thus, it sought to analyze research that deal with the pedagogical strategies of using mobile devices in school, but also in field classes. The research related to the central objective of this study admitted the scientific survey from the following sources: Bank of theses and journals of Higher Education Personnel Improvement Coordination (CAPES), and the most popular scientific literature indexers overall thematic scope: Scientific Electronic Library online SciELO and Web of Science with lists of references cited articles deemed most important by experts in their area. The results showed lack of research that addresses mobile learning and its applications in elementary school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The região agreste of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, being the largest cassava production, lacks studies on cost and profitability of this historic farming culture. Cassava is presented as an option culture, however, requiring further studies regarding its operation in the region. The present paper aimed to analyze the costs and profitability of cassava agroecosystems two families of Bom Jesus-RN, one traditional and the other alternative harvest. For this purpose, two local agroecosystems, were visited, in order to survey the technical coefficient of this culture and its profit indicators. After the analyzes, it was found that in the period rated the agroecosystem alternative was more economically sustainable than conventional. Furthermore, it was noted that cassava, in polyculture, has presented an excellent choice of culture in the familiar agricultural context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional environmental education has not been effective in transforming man's relationship with nature towards ecological balance. This paper aims at exploring the meanings of elements of nature within in the music of Luiz Gonzaga, to understand the man-nature relationship established by the man of the Brazilian northeastern semi-arid. For that, 10 songs of Luiz Gonzaga's repertoire were selected and analyzed through the dialogical theory/analysis of the discourse, according to Bakhtin, taking into consideration the extraverbal situation of each statement. It was revealed that the repertoire of Luiz Gonzaga has elements of nature with relevant meanings that contribute to the construction of a closer relationship between the Brazilian northeastern man and nature. Therefore, we intend to present the use of music as a methodological resource, as an alternative to traditional teaching, for that artistic expression is a great vehicle of meanings, a language capable of reaching the subjectivity of the students, thereby, facilitating the internalization of relevant meanings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aimed to investigate the challenges for the inclusion of disabled people in the construction industry organizations. The study made use of a descriptive and exploratory research with a qualitative approach, using a semi-structured interview guide to six managers in six organizations of the city of Mossoró, RN, subsequently subjected to content analysis. The results showed several barriers related to the hiring and retention of PcD in construction companies, in the view of respondents citing factors such as lack of productivity; false sense of security that allegedly harm the interests of business; the lack of standards that address on policies favoring the inclusion of these groups; the vision still limited managers about the performance and opportunities that DP may have to work in the business; and the problem of many of these professionals entering the companies with interests unrelated to the organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the frequency of occurrence and severity, traffic accidents are characterized as epidemics for current societies and enter the public health agenda as morbimortalities due to external causes, leading to a series of individual and social damages, as well as high costs to the health system and occurrences of temporary or permanent sequelae, until disability and death. Given the relevance of the theme, this paper aims to describe the profile of the victims of traffic accidents patients attended at the emergency and emergency service of the Monsenhor Walfredo Gurgel Hospital, it is a reference hospital at Natal city, Brazil. This is a cross-sectional study, including 10,377 traffic accident victim patients attended in the period from January 1 to December 31, 2014. The results indicate that most of the victims were male (76.7%); motorcycles are the type of vehicle most involved in accidents (74.2%) and the age group with the highest incidence was 21 to 30 years (33.93 %). The main diagnoses were: excoriation and cut (25.5%); contusion, sprain and dislocation (23%); fractures (21.1%); traumatic brain injury (13.9%) and polytrauma (8.8%). The results are in agreement with other studies of the national literature. As a general conclusion, there is a need for urgent application of preventive and control actions, mainly aimed at young male motorcycle drivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper briefly describes the development of a mobile robot with differential drive using artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is employed based on the technique known as fuzzy logic. The embedded intelligence has two main objectives to reach the target and avoid collisions in executing the path. A methodology is presented to develop a fuzzy controller in Matlab? that performs these functions. Technologies used in mobile robot are presented such as distance sensors, Bluetooth communication and materials reused in robot assembling. The simulation environment scenario is a narrow corridor and the robot moves based only on signals sent by embedded sensors. At the end simulations are carried out and the results of the mobile robot navigating in an unknown environment are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The realkalisation treatment is one of the methods applied to recover the alkalinity conditions of cementitious matrix and, consequently, to meet the possible reinforcement repassivation without any significant destructive procedure to structure. This paper analyses the effectiveness of realkalisation on repassivation of reinforcements with different exposure times on carbonated media. For this purpose, concrete reinforcements with 6.3 mm core were immersed in saturated solution of calcium hydroxide, simulating the concrete porous network solution. After 17 days, these solutions were carbonated with a 5% CO2 mixture until reaching a pH close to 8,5. After starting the corrosion process, the cells remained in laboratory environment for 7, 28 and 90 days to meet different corrosion degrees. Afterwards, the carbonated solutions were realkalised by changing the solutions for new ones. Reinforcements were monitored throughout all these periods by electrochemical measurements using the linear polarization resistance technique. Electrochemical measurements show the moments in which reinforcements depassivated, as well as the moments in which they recovered or not the passivity condition. The longer exposure to carbonated media made difficult the reinforcement repassivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tracking the energy consumption of a residence is a procedure that helps to reduce the energy costs. Even if there are, currently, technological ways of measuring consumption data, which includes automation concepts, it uses techniques that are as effective as those used in smart meters. This paper describes and implements a single-phase digital meter for residential applications. Here, this device is employed as an important tool for the consumption monitoring and for the verification of the effectiveness of adopted energy efficiency practices. For that, it was used voltage and current electronic sensors, a PIC microcontroller, which is responsible for calculate, store and communicate, by means of a Bluetooth module, the electrical measures to a software and an app, which constitutes the system interface. The measures achieved by the prototype was verified with commercial measuring instruments and energy consumption data of a residence was collected and compared with those supplied by the local power utility. Finally, it was proved that the system performed the data storage and sent it to the software allowing further analysis using graphs, which helps in effective energy efficiency actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The alumina production through Bayer process generates a large amount of residue known as red mud. Once separated from green liquor (GLQ), red mud is direct to washing steps where synthetic flocculant dosage promotes solid liquid separation. The goal is thickening the slurry to recover caustic sodium as much as possible. The use of powder polyacrylamide with high molecular weight and suitable ionic charge results in significant gains in terms of dosage, settling rate, underflow compaction and overflow turbidity. However, the alumina industry in Brazil still using emulsion flocculants despite the reported benefits. In this paper was evaluated the performance of different powder flocculants from BASF (Alclar® line). In addition, was performed a comparison between powder polyacrylamide and emulsion flocculants associated or not with hydroxamates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-purity lithium compounds are key-materials in the new energetic sustainability era; their most important applications aim towards storage of greats amount of energy, replacing energy sources (conventional hydroelectric and fossil fuels) and promoting the use of solar and wind energy, even during the period of the night or absence of winds. A simple purification process for the lithium hydroxide and carbonate compounds is proposed in this paper in an economically viable and sustainable procedure, envisaging subsequent application in the production of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries for portable devices, electric vehicles batteries and energy storage devices in industrial scale. The referred process is based on the knowledge and application of the solubility properties of the contaminants in the involved substances, on a series of consecutive washings and filtrations for the lithium carbonate, and solubilization and precipitation of impurities for the lithium hydroxide, in order to eliminate impurities with low-loss of the material of interest. The obtained results show that for the technical grade lithium carbonate the purification is viable to meet the standards in battery application, while the purity of the technical grade lithium hydroxide was also great improved, nevertheless didn't meet standards for battery application. The lithium carbonate had a 99.5% of purity following the standards for battery application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salobo plant processes a gold and copper sulfide ore. The flotation process comprises the rougher, cleaner, and scavenger stages. Concentrate from the rougher and scavenger stages goes through a regrinding process before being fed into the cleaner stage. During the first years of operation, it was noticed that the regrinding feed size was consistently finer than expected, even though the flotation feed size (rougher stage) was within the planned parameters and significantly coarser than the concentrate from the rougher stage. This paper describes the results of field samplings and laboratory tests carried out to identify the factors behind such difference and to quantify it. Moreover, it shows the impacts of such size difference on the concentrate regrinding stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The controlled stability of concentrated aluminium ore is a crucial problem when there is no defined sampling protocol. The strategy to obtain the necessary data for an effective Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA-QC) program have to be taken into account. The input from several disciplines including Statistics, Geostatistics, Geology and Sampling are needed to establish realistic goals for accuracy and precision levels regarding the main aluminium ore constituents: available alumina and reactive silica. Selecting an appropriate sampling protocol requires the estimation of the constitutional and distributional heterogeneities and the application of the Theory of Sampling in order to eliminate all bias generators. The international sampling standards describe tests to evaluate precision and accuracy to improve data reliability, however, they are unclear and incomplete. The present paper presents a proposal of optimising sampling protocols for aluminium ore based on current standards procedures, Pierre Gy's Theory of Sampling and geostatistical concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we discuss the practice of teaching done by graduates with a background in engineering. The research took place at the course in Electrical Engineering from the Federal Institute Education, Science and Technology of Paraíba (IFPB), Campus João Pessoa. The guiding questions of the research were: why do engineers become teachers? How do these teachers with bachelor degree evaluate their first experience in this profession? Based on the autobiographical method, we invited six teachers engineers from the Course of Electrical Engineering IFPB/João Pessoa to report about their insertion into the teaching activity and reflect about their experiences in the classroom. The open interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and subjected to content analysis. The reports of respondents showed that they have become teachers in an unplanned way, prevailing the contingent aspects. The respondents recognize the lack of a pedagogical training, but have not invested in this type of training in the post graduate school, in a systematic way. We highlight the importance of more studies related to the teaching activity carried out by graduates of bachelor courses, but also of policies and incentives for continuing education of these professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the current conceptions about Brazilian teacher training, taking as its motto the educational reforms undertaken since the 1990s, which are believed to have been established by international organizations. Furthermore, the guidelines contained in documents published by the multilateral organizations, in particular those dedicated to Education, as well as the current educational legislation, were explored. The essay is theoretically based on authors such as Cury (1996), Evangelista (2014), Freitas (2011, 2013), Frigotto (2013), Leher (1998), Libâneo, Oliveira and Toschi (2012), Shiroma, Moraes and Evangelista (2004), Torres (2001), among others. As an investigation result, it can be intuited that the current educational policies focused on the formation of teachers in Brazil answers a lot the recommendations found in the international organizations' guide lines. It is understood that the many actions and norms of the Brazilian educational system, including the education professionals' training, notably from the Fernando Henrique Cardoso's government (1995-2002) and, to a certain extent, his presidential successors, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010) and Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016), deal with a continuity in the alignment to the neoliberal project of a generic and abstract mold construction on the Education for the peripheral countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The preservation of insects for collections as a teaching method for practical classes becomes a scientific understanding relevant to specific knowledge of students about the ecology of these animals. The use of these specimens in biological science classes allows the student to approach the real object of study, being thus a methodological facilitator in understanding the zoological and ecological aspects of these animals. Given this perspective, this paper presents techniques for producing collections of insects parti fouling specimens in polyester resin, developed by Fellows Scholarship Program Initiation to Teaching (PIBID) of IFRN/Campus Macau, through a workshop with students from the same institution in September 2013. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brazilian law prohibits any formally unauthorized human x fauna interaction, except the slaughter of wild animals to satisfy the hunger of the poor. A set of traditional activities (hunting, capture, alimentary consumption, sale and possession of wild animals), underlying specific modes of sociability and lifestyles that diverge from the established rules, is, thereby, criminalized. Recognizing the impreciseness of the juridical categories "legal" and "illegal", the paper criticizes their absorption by the scientific discourse, and proposes to replace them by categories based on the rationality of the agent interacting with the fauna: close or far, in successive degrees, from the market logic. By revealing the diversity of situations so far indistinctly seen as crimes against nature, such categories give prominence to marginalized groups, promoting their recognition as legitimate actors in the interlocution with scientific research and with participatory environmental management programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper objective is to emphasize the need for a broad discussion about Assistive Technology in academia and society in general. In order to achieve this objective, the paper reviews the literature about the theme. It highlights the factors that contributed to the emergency of this type of technology. Furthermore, the paper presents the evolution of the Assistive Technology concept and the relations that this concept has with information and communication technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increase of Brazilian economic growth and, consequently, the level of construction activity, the generation of residues from this sector is an important problem to be solved. Alternatives to recycle these residues, often in the composition of new materials, and developing models and management tools have been studied in several papers presented to the technical means in order to mitigate the effects caused by the impact of construction on the environment. However, the absence of public policies that consider the generation, handling and disposal of these wastes as a real problem, are still the biggest obstacle in the adoption of sustainable practices. This paper presents the general aspects of the management of waste generated by construction operations and demolition works to reform the Palestra Italia Arena (Allianz Parque) in the city of São Paulo by means of activities of recycling and reuse of these materials on the construction site of the works. The management of the demolition wastes produced in the construction work allowed significant economic gains, reducing transportation costs and acquisition of natural raw materials. The great part of the total amount of waste produced could be characterized as Class A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper aims to analyze Rio Grande do Norte's wind farms' bidding process. To achieve that, the criteria covered: processing time, monetary costs and complexity. A survey was made, in order to collect data from a close environmental consultant. Semi structured interviews with IDEMA's wind farms licensing sub coordinator were also arranged. By the way, IDEMA's website was also information source to the paper's target was met. As a result, it is possible to state that the bidding process's most complex stage is the installation license. It could be concluded that environmental studies are the biggest impact factor in the bidding process, as well as the fact that The Preliminary License can be decisive for the continuity of the licensing process. Finally, it was seen that the lack of national process standards is the source of a series of barriers faced by the entrepreneur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The elaboration of healthy menus from sustainable perspective production is a worldwide and imminent trend among professional food service managers. The objective of the study was to elaborate an evaluation tool for collective and commercial food services, in relation to the production of sustainable meals and menus. A review of national and international literature on sustainability in food services was used as a scientific basis. A verification questionnaire was developed. This questionnaire was applied in a collective food service and compliance was verified in 70.3% of the items. It was highlighted the development of actions such as the audit of solid waste and the variety of food choices, although no energy audit was performed and meals did not present adequate nutritional quality. In view of the relevance and scarcity of studies with proposals for evaluation of sustainable menus that assist the activities of managers of food and nutrition units regarding compliance with actions related to sustainability, above all to comply with current legal aspects, the questionnaire developed will have an impact positive for professionals, fundamental for a contemporary management. The relevance and scarcity of papers that present management tools to adopt more sustainable practices in the production of meals emphasize the importance of more studies focused on this theme. The instrument developed in this research is easy to apply and contemplates the worldwide recommendations of the American Dietetic Association, in this way, it is hoped that it will be used by professionals of the food services aiming the application of sustainable actions in the production of meals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the use of a simple frequency detection algorithm in the calculation the Voltage Unbalance Factor. The Goertzel's algorithm allows the amplitude and phase of a specific harmonic can be found in a distorted signal without requiring large storage or processing capacity. Thus, it is possible to implement the symmetric components method to calculate the voltage unbalance factor using the Goertzel algorithm to obtain the phase angle and amplitude of the fundamental component of the voltages. The simulation is done through the Scilab tool. Signals are generated that correspond to the unbalanced voltages, both by module and by angle. The main program is implemented in order to provide the value of the unbalance factor for several situations. Then graphs are plotted with the waveforms of the voltages and their phasors. The analysis of the results shows the simplicity, usefulness and feasibility of the use of the Goertzel filter in applications related to the quality of electric energy, allowing, with less investment in hardware, it is possible to design equipment capable of detecting and measuring imbalances in a more reliable way And generalist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyze symbolic violence in the experiences of lesbians highlighting the work. To this end, we treat theoretically of symbolic violence as Pierre Bourdieu and brought a discussion about lesbophobia in society and work, as well as stereotypes and invisibility surrounding this experience. Then, we interviewed six lesbians in Juiz de Fora oral history by emphasizing their professional careers and treat the data through thematic analysis of qualitative content. Considering the work, symbolic violence are extremely subtle and occur as in the case of internalization of heteronormativity and silence about sexuality, warnings with norms of behavior, and indirect comments that refer to the stigma associated with lesbians in their daily lives. Thus, it is important a critical discussion aiming a real acceptance and inclusion of differences in society and in organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper makes an analysis of the historical evolution of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), comparing the evolution of this management tool with the evolution of his other contemporary tools. This analysis shows that the evolution experienced by the BSC will be closely related to the fact that the concept has always had, over time, and since its appearance, a wide practical application. We also aimed to analyze the effect that the use of this management tool introduced in the organizations management practices. The work was developed through an extensive analysis of the main texts published by the authors of the Balanced Scorecard and others who made important contributions to the subject in question as well as the finding on the fact that the concept always had developed with the contributions from empirical application, contributing to its spread and to this evolution. So we can conclude that the practical use of the concept has influenced the evolution of the Balanced Scorecard, this because it is clear that over time the use given to the BSC has evolved, and vice versa, the evolution of the tool did also changed its own scope, judging by recent developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an application developed to control remotely an inspection robot. To build the electromechanical design we used a kit Lego Mindstorm NXT. The application was developed in Java and has a graphical interface that allows operating and controlling the robot remotely through routines that run in a client/server environment. Communication between controller station (server) and robotics station is made using a Wi-Fi network, which runs over TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol), along with the IP (Internet Protocol) configured in a communication port. A second application layer was developed with a set of instructions (sockets) responsible for communicating and for controlled robot movements, which are transmitted from the host server to the client station. To model the system, controls events and states of robotic components were used some diagrams of the UML 2.4. The robotic component was built using a wooden frame, one NXT controller core and three servo motors Lego Mindstorm NXT, and a computer station to send and receive wi-fi signals. To permit the operation and control from a distance, it became necessary to install a Webcam on one of the servo motors with rotations to the right and left. The purpose of the Webcam is to capture images of the environment through the client station and send them to the server in real time, through the RTP (Real-time Transfer Protocol). A set of sockets has been used to send operating commands from the host server to the robotic component. Thus, the handling robot controller is possible and the monitoring of the environment to be inspected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is common in the literature of the chemistry teaching area the discussion about the importance that the textbook has in the classrooms. In this regard, this paper analyzes the Brazilian chemistry textbooks indicated by Textbook National Plan (Plano Nacional do Livro Didático - PNLD). We seek to investigate how the science history is used in these works, mainly in the subject matter quantity. We discuss the importance to include the science history in the textbooks so that the student can understand the nature of the scientific knowledge. For such research, our grounds are the categories created by Laurinda Leite (2002) and adapted by Vidal (2009) and in the results previously found by Rogado (2000). We can note that is constant the search of the government appropriate agencies by improvement of the quality of the textbooks distributed in the Brazilian public schools. However, even though none of the works having failed to address the matter, the textbooks have a historiographical debate about the subject very shy, with the science history being shown from a partial history approach, considered mostly in clippings of the main text and images of the researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]