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A study conducted by the Ruppin Academic Center in Israel explored the experiences and perceptions of Israeli nurses regarding client violence during home visits. The study found that nurses face unique risks when providing home care, as they are often alone without the protection of a clinic. The research revealed that most nurses interviewed experienced verbal abuse, and many reported a lack of guidelines, training, and protective measures to address client violence. The study emphasizes the need for effective policies and strategies to ensure the safety of nurses during home visits. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Shahid Sadoughi Teaching Hospital in Yazd, Iran, investigated the relationship between moral intelligence and attitude towards patient safety in nurses. Moral intelligence refers to the ability to distinguish right from wrong and adhere to ethical principles. The study found that nurses with higher moral intelligence demonstrated more commitment to patient safety and adherence to professional protocols, as well as a more positive attitude towards patient safety. Strengthening nurses' moral intelligence through professional ethics training, critical thinking skill development, and the creation of an ethical organizational culture can potentially improve their attitude towards patient safety. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Hawassa University in Ethiopia examined the issue of missed nursing care in maternity wards of public hospitals in the Sidama region. The study found that missed nursing care was a significant problem, with factors such as intention to leave the institution and increased work hours positively associated with missed care. On the other hand, increased work experience and higher job satisfaction were negatively associated with missed nursing care. This research provides valuable insights into the factors contributing to missed nursing care in this specific context. [Extracted from the article]

A systematic review conducted by Miguel Servet University Hospital in Zaragoza, Spain, explores the humanization of nursing care in healthcare. The study highlights the dehumanization of care due to the automation and standardization of healthcare practices. The review identifies barriers such as lack of nurse training and poor working conditions, as well as facilitating strategies such as improved communication and involvement of family members. The research concludes that interventions focused on the physical environment have been studied in obstetrics and pediatrics services, and efforts to implement a humanized model should be extended to other areas of healthcare. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from the University of Ghana explores the concept of soft skills in nursing. The researchers used the Walker and Avant approach and consulted various electronic databases to define soft skills in nursing. They found that soft skills in nursing encompass intrapersonal attributes, interpersonal skills, and creativity, which, when combined with professionalism, teamwork, and effective communication skills, enhance the quality of nursing care and client satisfaction. The study concludes that while hard and soft skills are important, soft skills should be prioritized for success in the healthcare industry. This research contributes to the understanding of the attributes of soft skills in nursing and highlights the importance of more than just good grades for a nurse to be successful. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by Griffith University explored the importance of nurse-patient relationships in palliative care. The researchers aimed to understand how these relationships are fostered and perceived by both patients and nurses. The study involved a review of 34 papers from 31 studies, which revealed four key themes: creating connections, fostering meaningful patient engagement, negotiating choices, and building trust. The findings emphasized the significance of positive and therapeutic nurse-patient relationships, but also highlighted the need for a better understanding of these relationships from the patients' perspective. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Gaziantep in Turkey examined the relationship between presenteeism (working while sick) and missed nursing care among nurses. The study found that material shortages and high paperwork intensity were contributing factors to the difficulties experienced by nurses in providing care. Nurses who reported challenges due to paperwork intensity and lack of confidence in their care provision had higher levels of presenteeism and a higher frequency of missed care instances. The study highlights the importance of addressing these challenges to ensure adequate care provision and reduce the likelihood of presenteeism among nurses, as it can impact the quality of patient care. [Extracted from the article]

A new study from the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus explores the challenges of communication between nurses and patients regarding palliative care. The study aims to provide a theoretical framework for early palliative care communication in acute care nursing. The research emphasizes the importance of nurses' understanding of uncertainty in life-limiting illnesses and their role in promoting patients' health and wellness. The study suggests further research on nurse-initiated early palliative care communication and narrative communication techniques to support patients throughout their disease trajectory. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research in Puducherry, India, explores the potential benefits of augmented reality (AR) in nursing care. The study highlights how AR can improve nursing education and clinical skill training by providing virtual scenarios for students to practice procedures and skills. Additionally, AR can enhance patient care by displaying real-time patient information, providing step-by-step instructions, and increasing patient compliance with treatments. However, the study also acknowledges the challenges of implementing AR, such as technical issues, costs, and the need for sufficient training. Further research and collaboration are necessary to fully utilize AR in nursing care and improve patient outcomes and nursing efficiency. [Extracted from the article]

The September issue of the Journal of Emergency Nursing focuses on nurse wellness and healthy work environments. With contributions from scholars in various countries, the issue aims to address the high levels of burnout experienced by emergency nurses and the shortage of nurses in patient care. The guest editors, Fatma Refaat Ahmed and Fiona Timmins, along with the Editorial Board, believe that nurse wellness and safe work environments are crucial for emergency nurses globally. The issue highlights the importance of fostering a positive workplace culture for nurses and enhancing their overall well-being. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from Gyeongsang National University explores the relationship between positive nursing organizational culture, caring behavior, and the quality of nursing care in hospitals. The study found that hospital organizational health, departmental satisfaction, and specific departments of work all had significant effects on the quality of nursing care. Hospital organizational health was identified as a mediator between positive nursing organizational culture, caring behavior, and the quality of nursing care. The researchers recommend practical measures to improve work and environmental conditions at the organizational level, foster a positive nursing organizational culture, and promote caring behavior enhancement programs to enhance nursing quality. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra discusses the issue of rationed nursing care in private hospitals in Slovakia. The study found that 49.3% of nursing care was rationed, with the most frequently withheld activity being increased supervision of confused patients and the need for their restraint. The occurrence of rationed nursing care was influenced by factors such as nurse experience, evaluation of quality care, patient safety, and job satisfaction. The researchers suggest that nurse managers should take proactive steps to address this issue and promote excellence in patient-centered care. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the University of Airlangga explored the role of organizational factors and Sharia-Based Nursing Care (SBNC) in determining patient satisfaction in Sharia hospitals. The study found that organizational factors significantly influenced SBNC, which in turn significantly influenced patient satisfaction. The consolidation of organizational factors with SBNC also had a significant influence on patient satisfaction. The research concluded that nurses with good leadership, culture, and appropriate rewards can shape the quality of the profession by implementing SBNC, leading to greater patient satisfaction. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University in China explores the practice of narrative nursing among registered nurses. Narrative nursing is a humanistic approach that has been shown to improve health outcomes for both patients and nurses. The study found that narrative nursing in China is at a medium level and is influenced by personal and environmental factors. The researchers emphasize the importance of nursing management in promoting narrative nursing practices and suggest specialized training and supportive environments for nurses to enhance their narrative nursing skills. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in China discusses the practical outcomes of traditional Chinese medicine specialty nursing clinics. The study found that establishing these clinics can meet the medical needs of the public and provide convenient and efficient medical services. The clinics offer various traditional Chinese medicine nursing techniques, such as cupping, moxibustion, needle acupuncture, and massage. Since the establishment of the nursing outpatient department, there have been over 7,046 visits with a satisfaction rate of 97.1%. The research concludes that these specialty nursing clinics effectively meet diverse medical needs, alleviate outpatient pressure on hospitals, enhance the development of nurses, and promote traditional Chinese medicine culture. [Extracted from the article]

A scoping review conducted by researchers at the Federal University of Paraiba aimed to explore the scientific evidence on home bathing care for dependent elderly people. The review identified 24 studies that highlighted the importance of communication, safety, comfort, privacy, and planning in providing nursing care during bathing. The research emphasized the significance of person-centered care and guidance from nursing professionals in ensuring the well-being of dependent elderly individuals. The study provides valuable insights for healthcare professionals involved in caring for elderly individuals at home. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Kerman University of Medical Sciences discusses the challenges faced by intensive care unit (ICU) nurses in providing oral care to intubated patients. The study surveyed 200 nurses from adult ICUs in Iran to examine their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding oral care. The findings revealed that ICU nurses had a moderate level of knowledge, a higher-than-average level of practice, and a favorable attitude towards oral care. The researchers concluded that continuous education on oral care is essential for ICU nurses. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare discusses the challenges faced by nurses in long-term care settings and the importance of improving their work-related well-being and retention. The study examined the relationship between workday characteristics, such as the number of care events and client care needs, and perceived stress and time pressure among nurses. The findings suggest that dividing the workload equally, ensuring sufficient break time, and minimizing disruptions can help reduce stress and time pressure for nurses. The report emphasizes the need for fair management of work, legislative and governance tools, and consideration of job demands to support the well-being of nurses in long-term care. [Extracted from the article]

A scoping review conducted by researchers at the Federal University Rio de Janeiro aimed to map and synthesize evidence on forensic nursing care for adult male victims of sexual violence. The study found that situations of sexual violence against men, although often overlooked, can occur frequently in everyday life. The research emphasized the importance of compassionate care, subjective data recording, forensic trace collection, and preserving the victim's integrity to reduce trauma. The findings highlight the need for comprehensive and sensitive care for male victims of sexual violence. [Extracted from the article]

A new study conducted by researchers at Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in Iran explores the relationship between the attitudes of Iranian nurses and their beliefs, experiences, and knowledge regarding the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). The study found that nurses' attitudes towards using PPE were generally positive, with factors such as gender, work experience, and organizational position influencing their attitudes. However, the absence of PPE training, a lack of belief in infection control, and limited knowledge were associated with negative attitudes. The researchers emphasize the importance of continuous training and monitoring of nurses to ensure adherence to infection control guidelines. [Extracted from the article]

A systematic review conducted by researchers from Jouf University explores the ethical challenges and palliative care practices encountered by nurses in end-of-life decision-making. The study highlights the importance of effective communication and involving patients in decision-making, as well as the dilemmas faced by nurses in balancing autonomy, beneficence, and relational issues. Integrating palliative care principles is found to enhance symptom management and align care with patient values. The research emphasizes the need for education, organizational support, and further studies on cultural competence training and standardized education programs. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences aimed to identify communication barriers between nurses and patients in Iranian hospitals. The study involved 31 nurses who participated in a Q methodology study to determine different perspectives on communication barriers. Four distinct factors emerged from the study, including organizational factors and work conditions, emotional distress and psychological barriers, lack of mutual understanding and awareness, and declining professional motivation and engagement among nurses. The findings highlight the complex nature of communication barriers and suggest that interventions should address organizational factors, emotional well-being of nurses, cultural awareness, and professional motivation to improve communication and patient care. This study provides valuable insights for Iran and other developing countries facing similar challenges. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Aarhus University Hospital in Denmark aimed to understand the prevalence and reasons for missed nursing care and how nurses' work experience is associated with this. The study found that more than two-thirds of nurses reported frequently missing elements of nursing care, such as emotional support and patient bathing. The main reasons for missed nursing care were an inadequate number of nurses and heavy patient volume. Less experienced nurses reported more missed nursing care, particularly in fundamental care. The study highlights the need for targeted strategies to improve patient care and nursing practice. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Shanxi Medical University in China explored the clinical value of a cognitive behavioral nursing model for patients with congenital glaucoma. The study included 153 postoperative patients who were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group. The observation group received cognitive behavioral nursing care, while the control group received routine nursing care. The results showed that the observation group had lower levels of anxiety and depression, higher levels of mental toughness, better treatment adherence, and higher nursing care satisfaction compared to the control group. Additionally, the observation group had improved visual acuity, reduced intraocular pressure, and decreased mean visual field defect values. The study concluded that cognitive-behavioral nursing care can have positive effects on patients with congenital glaucoma. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang in Indonesia examined the correlation between the caring behavior of nurses and the motivation of patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy. The study found that 48.7% of patients perceived nurses' caring behavior as poor, and 47.8% of patients had low motivation for undergoing hemodialysis. However, there was a significant relationship between nurses' caring behavior and patient motivation, indicating that improving nurses' behavior could increase patient motivation. The study suggests that optimizing nurses' caring behavior is important for providing support to patients during treatment. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the King Hussein Cancer Center in Jordan aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of infection control measures among nurses. The study found that nurses had a mean total knowledge score of 13.81 out of 17.00 and a mean practice score of 4.02 out of 5.00. Significant differences were found based on factors such as hospital type, area of practice, years of experience, level of education, and specific training. The study highlights the need for educational and training programs to improve patient safety. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Istanbul, Turkey explored the relationship between nursing students' humor styles and their perceived care behaviors. The study found that humor can create a sense of intimacy and trust between patients and nurses, positively impacting the quality of care. The research involved 124 nursing students and utilized various data analysis methods. The results indicated that a positive humor style was significantly related to positive care behaviors. This study provides valuable insights into the importance of humor in nursing and its impact on patient care. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Universidad Catolica de Murcia in Spain aimed to validate a graphic protocol for evaluating safe nursing care for hemodialysis patients. The study utilized a quantitative approach and involved three procedures: a theoretical scoping review, the construction of the graphic protocol and checklist, and validation using the Delphi technique with expert judges. The researchers found that the graphic protocol and checklist were valid in terms of both content and appearance. This study provides valuable insights for improving nursing care for hemodialysis patients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at King Fahad Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, examined patients' satisfaction with the quality of nursing care provided. The study involved 400 randomly selected patients and used a questionnaire to collect data on various aspects of nursing care. The results showed that patients were generally satisfied with the inpatient nursing care they received, with the highest level of satisfaction observed in the coordination of care after discharge. However, the study also identified areas for improvement, particularly in relation to privacy. The researchers recommend that hospital administrators regularly assess patient satisfaction levels and provide specialized training to nurses to enhance their ability to meet patients' needs and increase overall satisfaction. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at the Faculty of Health Sciences aimed to explore the relationship between nurses' caring behavior and patient satisfaction in a 3rd-grade inpatient room. The study used a quantitative descriptive research approach with a total of 73 participants. The results showed that a majority of the participants perceived nurses' caring behavior to be inadequate. However, there was a significant relationship between caring nurses and patient satisfaction. The researchers recommended that improvements in caring behavior be incorporated into nursing planning and goals to enhance patient satisfaction. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of South Alabama found that inadvertent medication reconciliation discrepancies are common among trauma patients. The researchers conducted a study at a level 1 trauma center and interviewed patients and independent sources to compare home medication lists with admission medication reconciliation (AMR) lists. They found that 34% of patients never received an AMR, and of the 71 patients who had a completed AMR, 59% had one or more errors. The study concluded that decreased reliance on short-term nursing staff did not decrease these discrepancies, and additional interventions are needed to decrease the risk of medication administration errors. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Poznan University of Medical Sciences highlights the importance of nursing care in sexual education, specifically focusing on the example of masturbation in children. The study emphasizes that gynecological problems in children and adolescents are often complex and require an interdisciplinary approach, including nursing care. The research underscores the significance of knowledge about proper psychosexual development in nursing practice. The study can be accessed through the journal "Pielegniarstwo XXI wieku / Nursing in the 21st Century." [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University explored the impact of emotional contagion among nurses on missed nursing care. The study, which involved 304 volunteer nurses, found that nurses experienced a moderate level of emotional contagion. The level of missed nursing care was low, with communication being identified as the most significant factor causing missed nursing care. The research concluded that fostering positive emotions among nurses and promoting their transmission could be utilized as a strategy to reduce the level of missed nursing care. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences investigated the impact of the clinical supervision model on the performance of nursing internship students in implementing the nursing process. The study found that the implementation of the clinical supervision model led to improved utilization of the nursing process by the students at all stages. The researchers recommend that nurse educators utilize the clinical supervision model to enhance the quality of nursing care provided by internship students and improve patient safety in the clinical environment. The full study can be accessed through BMC Nursing. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Tel Aviv University examined the attitudes and readiness of patients with chronic illnesses and nurses towards the use of health information exchange. The study found that awareness of health information exchange was low among all three groups surveyed. Contact nurses expressed more positive attitudes towards sharing information than internal ward nurses or patients. The researchers concluded that before implementing a health information exchange system, it is important to raise awareness and intention to use it among the public, nurses, and other medical staff. They also recommended organizing national campaigns to provide detailed information about the system. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Federal University Alagoas in Maceio, Brazil, explored the experience of nurses from the Street Clinic in providing care for the Warao Indigenous population based on Madeleine Leininger's Transcultural Theory. The study utilized light technologies to establish connections and understand the cultural background of the Warao people. The application of Transcultural Theory was found to be effective in providing comprehensive care, despite challenges such as language barriers and differing health beliefs. The research highlights the importance of cultural sensitivity in nursing care for diverse populations. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers from Debre Berhan University in Ethiopia examined the nursing documentation practice and associated factors among nurses working in public hospitals in the North Shewa Zone. The study found that nearly half of nursing care was not documented, which can have negative impacts on healthcare quality. Factors such as the availability of operational standards, documenting sheets, and a monitoring system were significantly associated with nursing care documentation practice. The researchers recommend the implementation of a continuous monitoring system and access to operational standards and documenting sheets to improve documentation practice. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in India examined the knowledge, attitude, and practices of medical and nursing staff towards neonatal palliative care (NPC). The study found that while most respondents agreed on the importance of palliative care in neonatal nursing and medical education, less than half had received education on the topic. The research identified both facilitators and barriers to NPC and recommended efforts to strengthen facilitators and mitigate barriers. The study provides valuable insights into the perceptions of NPC among medical and nursing staff in an Indian context. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at George Washington University focused on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and the preferences of PD patients and nurses regarding novel and standard automated PD device features. The study aimed to understand patient preferences in order to guide the development of improved PD devices that can better accommodate patients' daily lives. The study found that features such as portability, noise level, and setup time were the most important to all groups surveyed. The researchers concluded that addressing technical and therapy-related issues to improve usability, comfort, and convenience of PD devices within the home may increase PD uptake and retention. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in Iran explored the experiences of nursing instructors and students regarding discrimination in nursing care. The study used semi-structured interviews with 8 nursing instructors and 13 nursing students, and data analysis was conducted using a proposed method. The findings identified categories such as the "discrimination paradigm," "discrimination as a negative concept," and "the role of nursing instructors." The study concluded that nursing instructors should introduce moral topics, act as role models, and teach students how to handle ethical challenges. For more information, the full article can be accessed through the Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at an Austrian hospital by researchers from Paracelsus Medical University examined the impact of an electronic call light system on nursing communication, work processes, and financial aspects. The study found that the existing call light system had negative effects on the quality of care, job satisfaction of nursing staff, and hospital financing. The researchers recommend further studies to provide a more detailed analysis of these findings, including the involvement of nursing managers and patients. The study highlights the need for optimization of call light systems in healthcare settings. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by Emory University School of Medicine aimed to understand how and why nurses prioritize their patient care tasks. The researchers used high fidelity simulations to incorporate common barriers to practicing infection prevention, such as time pressure, high workload, and interruptions. The findings revealed that patient stability and comfort were higher priorities for task sequencing than infection prevention. The study suggests that healthcare workers must balance competing priorities and limited resources when sequencing their tasks, and further research is needed to explore different approaches to task sequencing. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Northern Border University in Saudi Arabia explored the experiences of nursing internship students in a clinical environment. The study found that orientation and mentorship programs were beneficial in enhancing the practical skills of new nurses and improving patient safety. The research also highlighted the importance of prior preparation and strong communication skills for a positive internship experience. The findings suggest that integrating communication courses into nursing education could be beneficial, and establishing a supportive learning environment is crucial for addressing challenges and ensuring safe and effective patient care. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Royal Adelaide Hospital in Australia has found that nephrology nurses struggle to support patients on hemodialysis who experience needle fear due to a lack of adequate programs or guidelines. To address this issue, an online educational intervention was designed to help nurses learn techniques and strategies to support patients with needle fear and improve their experience of dialysis. The study found that targeted educational interventions can increase nurses' confidence in supporting patients with needle fear. The findings of this study have the potential to be applied to other chronic disease settings that involve frequent needle use. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from the University of Airlangga in Indonesia explored the relationships between nurses' work factors, Sharia-based nursing care, and patient satisfaction in an Islamic hospital. The study involved 260 participants, including patients and nurses, and utilized validated questionnaires for data collection. The findings revealed that nurses' work factors significantly influenced Sharia-based nursing care, which in turn had a significant impact on patient satisfaction. The study emphasizes the importance of improving nurses' work factors and integrating Sharia-based principles in nursing care to enhance patient satisfaction. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the University of Sherbrooke explored the impact of patients as trainers on registered nurses' patient engagement in primary care clinics. The study aimed to describe the effects of an educational intervention provided by patients as trainers on nurses' practices. Through individual interviews with 10 nurses and 3 patients, the researchers found that the educational intervention had three main impacts on nurses' practice: raising awareness of general principles, reinforcing existing commitments, and enhancing the development of new professional skills. The study concluded that patients as trainers can effectively support nurses' motivation to use patient engagement practices in primary care. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Medical University of Lublin discusses the ethical dilemmas faced by midwives and nurses in patient care. The study aimed to analyze the scientific literature on the moral sensitivity of these healthcare professionals and identify the determinants that influence it. The analysis of 15 articles revealed that moral sensitivity is correlated with sociodemographic variables such as age, education, job seniority, and the hospital's ethical climate and decision-making. The researchers emphasize the importance of shaping nurses' and midwives' moral sensitivity during their education. The full report can be accessed through the journal "Pielegniarstwo XXI wieku / Nursing in the 21st Century." [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Jilin University in China focuses on the nursing care of a patient with rupture and bleeding of a cystic artery pseudoaneurysm. The case involved a 50-year-old man who presented with abdominal pain and was diagnosed with a ruptured cystic artery pseudoaneurysm. The patient underwent various treatments, including embolization and cholecystectomy, and received comprehensive nursing care during hospitalization. The study emphasizes the importance of careful observation and high-quality care in promoting patient recovery. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Chongqing, People's Republic of China, explored the effect of comprehensive nursing on patients with chalazion undergoing intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment and its impact on postoperative recurrence. The study analyzed the medical records of 72 patients who received IPL treatment for chalazion. The results showed that comprehensive nursing was effective in improving the therapeutic effect, reducing the postoperative recurrence rate, and increasing patient satisfaction. The study suggests that comprehensive nursing can be beneficial for patients with chalazion. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University in Liaoning, China, explored the clinical value of progressive nutritional support nursing in uremic patients undergoing hemodialysis. The study found that applying progressive nutritional support nursing to uremic patients resulted in improved clinical indicators and reduced complications. The experimental group, which received progressive nutritional support nursing, showed higher scores in health-related quality of life measures and lower white blood cell counts compared to the control group. These findings suggest that probiotics and nutritional support can be beneficial for uremic patients undergoing hemodialysis. [Extracted from the article]