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Researchers at Tokushima University in Japan have reported new data on Porphyromonas gingivalis, a Gram-negative bacterium associated with Alzheimer's disease. The study found that outer membrane vesicles of P. gingivalis can reach the brain, activate microglia, and induce neuroinflammation in mice. This research sheds light on the potential link between periodontal diseases and neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease. The study was funded by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Jilin University in the People's Republic of China have explored the relationship between ferroptosis and periodontitis, an inflammatory disease caused by oral opportunistic pathogens like Porphyromonas gingivalis. Their study found that ferroptosis is involved in inflammatory processes in human gingival fibroblasts stimulated with P. gingivalis-LPS, and this was confirmed in an experimental rat model of periodontitis. The findings suggest that ferroptosis plays a role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, highlighting a potential new avenue for therapeutic interventions. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Zagreb explored the association between the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the gut microbiota and body mass among the Croatian population, which has one of the highest obesity rates in Europe. The study did not find a significant association between the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and excess body weight, but it did reveal insights into the gut microbiota of individuals with obesity. While the study did not confirm the predictive value of this ratio for excess body weight, it provided valuable information on the relationship between gut microbiota and obesity. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Chongqing Medical University have developed a handheld electrochemical bacterial sensor for accurate detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) in saliva, a bacterium associated with various systemic diseases. The sensor utilizes a multifunctional composite hydrogel and DNA biomimetic nanowalls to enhance detection capabilities, with a limit of detection as low as 6 CFU/mL. This innovative device offers advantages in terms of time consumption and portability compared to traditional ELISA kits, presenting a novel perspective for portable bacterial detection devices. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University conducted a study on the relationship between gut microbiome and the response to anti-PD-1-based combination therapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. The study found that specific gut microbiota composition affected clinical efficacy and survival benefits in HCC patients treated with anti-PD-1 therapy. This research suggests that gut microbiota could serve as a non-invasive biomarker and a potential strategy for modulating immunotherapy in HCC patients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Colorado in Aurora, Colorado, explored the impact of the intestinal microbiome on inflammation in aged mice after burn injuries. The researchers found that aged burn injured mice had an unhealthy balance of bacteria in their feces, which coincided with increased inflammation in the intestines and lungs. However, when aged mice were housed with younger mice, their microbiome shifted to a healthier state and inflammation was reduced. These findings suggest that the intestinal microbiome plays a crucial role in mediating inflammation and could potentially lead to new treatments in the future. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center has found that the presence of Bacteroides ovatus, a type of bacteria, can alleviate graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in patients who have undergone stem cell transplantation. The study found that patients who did not respond to standard therapy with corticosteroids had previously been treated with carbapenem antibiotics, which disrupted their gut microbiome and reduced the abundance of Bacteroides ovatus. In a mouse model, introducing Bacteroides ovatus reduced the severity of GVHD and improved survival. These findings highlight the importance of the gut microbiota in GVHD and suggest the therapeutic potential of Bacteroides ovatus. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Nagasaki University Hospital have conducted a study on Prevotella intermedia, a periodontal pathogen, to understand its role in inducing severe neutrophilic inflammation. The study aimed to test the effectiveness of macrolides in treating this inflammation. The results showed that clarithromycin, a macrolide, suppressed the production of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in human airway epithelial cells stimulated by P. intermedia supernatants. The study suggests that macrolides may have therapeutic potential in regulating periodontal pathogen-induced neutrophilic inflammation in the lungs. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca in Mexico have published a new study on Prevotella melaninogenica, a type of bacteria. The study focuses on a rare complication called empyema necessitatis, which occurs when empyema is left untreated or poorly controlled. The researchers present a case study of an 11-year-old girl who developed empyema necessitatis and was treated with antibiotics and a vacuum-assisted closure system, resulting in a favorable outcome. The study provides valuable insights into the treatment of this condition. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Louisville School of Dentistry focused on Porphyromonas gingivalis, a Gram-negative, anaerobic oral pathobiont that is a common cause of periodontitis. The study involved sequencing multiple clinical isolates and comparing their genomes to laboratory strains. The researchers identified core genes present in all genomes and accessory genes that were absent in some genomes. They also identified genes that were essential for survival in specific environments, such as tobacco exposure and abscess formation. The study's findings may have implications for the development of therapeutic targets and gene mutation strategies for Porphyromonas gingivalis. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Rice University in Houston, Texas have discovered a potential method for controlling the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a problematic bacteria associated with oral health issues. The researchers found that using phages, or viruses that infect bacteria, to target cooperating bacteria such as Streptococcus gordonii can effectively reduce the abundance of P. gingivalis. This approach also inhibited the production of harmful metabolic end products. The study suggests that indirect phage-based targeting could expand the applicability of phage-based control of pathogenic bacteria for public health protection. [Extracted from the article]

A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses the potential effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), an oral bacterial pathogen, on the developing fetal brain. The study involved treating pregnant mice with outer membrane vesicles (OMV) from Pg and measuring changes in inflammation, cortical neuron density, and Tau phosphorylation. The results showed that exposure to Pg-OMV led to a decrease in pup brain weight and modifications in cortical neuron density. These findings suggest that Pg-OMV may have deleterious effects on the embryonic brain and could impact offspring development through multiple mechanisms. However, it is important to note that this preprint has not been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to INSERM (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale) for methods of predicting the risk of developing pulmonary colonization or infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The patent describes a method for treating or preventing Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in individuals with cystic fibrosis by measuring the relative abundance of Porphyromonas genus bacteria in a biological sample and administering Pseudomonas aeruginosa specific antibiotics based on the results. The invention aims to identify individuals at high risk of infection and provide targeted treatment. This research may contribute to understanding the factors involved in the progression of cystic fibrosis and improving patient outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, explored the potential of mangiferin, a compound found in Cratoxylum cochinchinese leaves, to inhibit gingipain K, a protein associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease. The researchers used a simulated docking study and in vitro assays to determine the inhibitory activity of mangiferin. The results showed that mangiferin was a potential inhibitor of gingipain K and produced similar results to the positive control. The researchers concluded that further investigation of mangiferin as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease is warranted. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application from Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center discusses methods and compositions for predicting cancer survival and CAR T cell toxicity. The application suggests using therapeutic bacteria to determine the likelihood of cancer survival and CAR T cell-associated toxicity in patients receiving CAR T cell therapy. It also describes pharmaceutical compositions containing specific therapeutic bacteria and their spores for treating patients with decreased likelihood of cancer survival and increased likelihood of toxicity. The patent application provides a list of specific bacteria and spores that can be used in these compositions. For more information, please refer to the full patent. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, has found that enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) may play a role in promoting colorectal tumorigenesis. The researchers hypothesized that ETBF may be enriched in colorectal carcinoma subtypes with high-level CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP-high), BRAF mutation, and high-level microsatellite instability (MSI-high). The study analyzed DNA amounts of Bacteroides fragilis, ETBF, and each bft gene isotype in colorectal carcinomas and found that high DNA amounts of Bacteroides fragilis and ETBF were positively associated with CIMP-high and MSI-high. The researchers concluded that their findings support the relevance of Bacteroides fragilis and ETBF in the serrated neoplasia pathway. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study investigated the production of neuroactive metabolites by different strains of Bacteroides, a type of bacteria found in the human gut. The study found that these bacteria have the potential to produce various compounds linked to neurotransmitter metabolism, including GABA, tryptophan, tyrosine, and histidine. The researchers also discovered that Bacteroides produce extracellular vesicles (EVs) that contain neuroactive metabolites, with GABA being the most abundant. The study suggests that these metabolites, particularly GABA, play a role in modulating inflammation and immune responses. However, it is important to note that this study has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, has found that antibiotic therapy can alter the abundance and metabolism of bacteria in the gut microbiome, leading to dysbiosis and opportunistic infections. The study focused on Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (Bth), which is both a commensal in the gut and an opportunistic pathogen in other parts of the body. The researchers discovered that Bth responds differently to beta-lactam treatment depending on the metabolic environment, and that carbon source utilization plays a role in modulating antibiotic susceptibility. The findings suggest that anaerobic respiratory metabolism and the electron transport chain are essential factors in Bth's susceptibility to antibiotics. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Fudan University in Shanghai, China, explores the role of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis) in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The study investigates the molecular mechanism behind the association between P.gingivalis and neuroinflammation in the brain, which contributes to the progression of AD. Through in vitro experiments and a mouse model, the researchers found that P.gingivalis promotes M1 polarization of microglia, a type of immune cell in the brain, through the NF-kB signaling pathway. These findings suggest that P.gingivalis-induced neuroinflammation may play a role in the development of AD. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the National Research Centre in Cairo, Egypt, explores the relationship between obesity and cognitive function decline in rats. The researchers induced obesity in rats by feeding them a high-fat or high-fat/high-sucrose diet. The results showed that obesity led to a reduction in cognitive function, including short-term memory and learning capacity. The study also found alterations in the gut microbiota of the obese rats, with changes in the abundance of certain microbial taxa associated with obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance. This research provides insights into the potential impact of obesity on cognitive health. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Peking University First Hospital in Beijing, China, has revealed a potential link between gut microbiota and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The study used metagenomics sequencing to analyze stool samples from PsA patients and healthy individuals. The researchers found that the diversity of gut microbiota was reduced in PsA patients compared to the healthy group. They also identified two bacteria, Bacteroides sp. 3_1_19 and Blautia AF 14-40, that were highly abundant and correlated with PsA disease activity. The study suggests that the network composed of Bacteroides may be associated with PsA disease activity and further research is needed to explore its therapeutic value. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Kyushu Dental University in Fukuoka, Japan have developed a novel immunochromatographic device for detecting Porphyromonas gingivalis, a pathogenic bacterium associated with periodontal disease. The device was evaluated in a study involving 72 patients with chronic periodontitis and 53 periodontally healthy volunteers. The results showed that the device had a high specificity and accuracy for detecting P. gingivalis in subgingival plaques. The researchers concluded that this device could be effectively used for rapid detection and semi-quantification of P. gingivalis in patients with periodontal disease. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Anhui Science and Technology University in China explores the relationship between gut microbiota and diarrhea in weaned piglets. The study found that there were significant differences in gut microbial diversity and metabolites between healthy and diarrheic piglets. Bacteroidaceae bacterium and Caudoviricetes were identified as the main differential organisms strongly correlated with the piglets' health status. The study suggests that the abundance of Bacteroidaceae bacterium and Caudoviricetes could potentially serve as markers for identifying and preventing diarrhea in post-weaning piglets. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from Beijing, China discusses a case of Bacteroides fragilis induced spondylitis, a rare infection of the spine. The diagnosis was confirmed through blood culture and metagenomic sequencing. The patient had a history of severe oral ulceration, although a direct link to the infection was not established. The report also includes a comprehensive literature review on B. fragilis spondylitis, covering clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies. The research was funded by the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Plan Key Project and the Key project of Health Commission of Gansu Province. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University explored the interaction between Porphyromonas gingivalis, a pathogen associated with periodontitis, and Streptococcus sanguinis, a commensal bacterium associated with periodontal health. The researchers developed a high-throughput strategy to measure the cell number of P. gingivalis in co-culture with S. sanguinis and identified several genes in S. sanguinis that influenced the interaction. They found that exogenous L-cysteine and compromised cysteine metabolism in S. sanguinis enhanced the growth of P. gingivalis. The study also examined the interaction between P. gingivalis and other Streptococcus species, finding that only S. pneumoniae did not inhibit the growth of P. gingivalis. Further investigation is needed to understand the influence of exogenous L-cysteine on the interaction between these bacteria in the oral cavity. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Valencia, Spain, has found that the human intestinal bacterium Bacteroides uniformis CECT 7771 can improve glucose tolerance and prevent body weight gain in diet-induced obese mice. The study investigated whether innate or adaptive immunity mediated these effects. The results showed that the bacterium improved glucose tolerance through adaptive immunity-dependent mechanisms that did not require cell viability, while preventing body weight gain through adaptive immunity-independent mechanisms that required cell viability. These findings suggest that strategies modulating the gut microbiota could help mitigate the metabolic disturbances of obesity. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia explored the effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) on skeletal maturation in young mice. The researchers found that GAHT improved trabecular bone structure and increased bone formation in young male mice, while it did not affect trabecular structure in female mice. The study also revealed that GAHT modified the gut microbiome composition in both male and female mice, with Bacteroides species playing a significant role in the skeletal effects of GAHT in male mice. These findings suggest that GAHT may have different effects on bone health depending on gender. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Leeds discusses the use of liposomes as a delivery mechanism for antimicrobial peptides to combat periodontal disease caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis. The study examines the different types of liposomal formulations and their ability to associate and deliver the peptide LL17-32 to act against the pathogen. The research found that chitosan-coated liposomes demonstrated enhanced stability and decreased membrane fluidity when combined with LL17-32. However, the release of the peptide was restrained, which could be useful for future slow-release formulations. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been submitted for compositions containing animal hemoglobin, which are believed to play a role in maintaining health by supporting the microbiome. The application describes the use of bacteria and animal hemoglobin in pharmaceutical agents, compositions, and solid dosage forms, as well as methods for detecting animal hemoglobin in these products. The compositions focus on the use of hemoglobin-dependent bacteria, particularly from the genus Prevotella, and may be used for the prevention or treatment of diseases. The application also provides information on the preparation of these compositions and testing for the presence of animal hemoglobin. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at South China University of Technology has found that certain flavonoids, such as phloretin and its analogs, have anti-biofilm properties against Porphyromonas gingivalis, a bacterium associated with periodontitis. The study examined the effects of these flavonoids on the growth of P. gingivalis and its mixed flora with other oral pathogens. The results showed that the flavonoids reduced the biofilm amount and viability of the bacteria, and transcriptome analysis confirmed their inhibitory effect on biofilm formation. This research provides valuable insights into the potential use of flavonoids in combating P. gingivalis and its complex bacterial community. [Extracted from the article]

New research from the University of Kebangsaan in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia has discovered the potential of probiotics derived from human milk in preventing chronic periodontitis by controlling Porphyromonas gingivalis infection. The study identified Lactiplantibacillus spp. isolated from human milk with antibacterial activities against P. gingivalis. The most potent strain, Lactiplantibacillus pentosus strain 124-2 (SUK 1), showed strong inhibitory activity and its bacteriocin could be used as an alternative material for oral hygiene care products to prevent and treat periodontal disease. This research provides new insights into the potential use of human milk-derived probiotics in oral health. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Pasteur Institute of Iran explores the microbiota composition in Afghan immigrants and Iranian subjects with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The study found that there was a significant decrease in Bacteroidetes in the sputum and blood samples of Iranian TB patients and Afghan immigrants with active TB. Additionally, Actinobacteria showed a significant increase in sputum samples from both groups, while Proteobacteria increased in both sputum and blood samples. The researchers suggest that an imbalance in the microbiota composition may contribute to dysregulated immune responses and the growth of opportunistic pathogens during TB infection. Further research on the human microbiota in different conditions of TB infection is needed for a better understanding of the disease. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital in South Korea investigated the differences in urine microbiomes among healthy women, women with recurrent uncomplicated cystitis (rUC), and those with sporadic/single uncomplicated cystitis (sUC). The study found that urine next-generation sequencing (NGS) had a significantly higher sensitivity than conventional urine culture in both the sUC and rUC groups. The urine microbiomes in the control, sUC, and rUC groups exhibited distinct characteristics, suggesting that sUC and rUC may represent separate pathological processes. The use of urine NGS could be essential in enhancing sensitivity for diagnosing both sUC and rUC. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a study that introduces a new animal model to explore the pathogenesis of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a type of bacteria associated with gum disease. The study involved injecting mice with antibodies and infecting them with P. gingivalis. The results showed that a mixture of antibodies and P. gingivalis infection led to more reproductive damage in mice compared to infection alone. This suggests that the presence of antibodies may play a role in the development of P. gingivalis-related diseases. However, it is important to note that this study has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

A new study conducted by researchers at Kanagawa Dental University in Japan explores the relationship between oral and intestinal bacteria and periodontal disease. The study found that higher levels of periodontal inflammation were associated with an increased presence of Bacteroides and a decreased presence of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria in saliva. However, no correlation was observed between periodontal inflammation and intestinal bacteria. These findings suggest that Bacteroides may play a role in the development of periodontal disease. Further research is needed to fully understand the relationship between oral and intestinal bacteria and periodontal health. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Yangzhou University in China has found that the gut microbiota of geese can influence their broody behavior. The researchers identified Bacteroides fragilis as a key driver species in brooding geese, and found a positive correlation between the abundance of B. fragilis and the levels of serotonin and prolactin in the geese. This suggests that B. fragilis promotes the secretion of prolactin by the pituitary gland and influences the production of serotonin. These findings provide new insights into the intervention of broody behavior in poultry. [Extracted from the article]