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A recent study conducted at Sichuan University in Chengdu, China, examined the disinfection effect of povidone-iodine in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The study enrolled 60 patients with oral malignancy undergoing radical surgery for more than 3 hours. The researchers found that povidone-iodine effectively reduced oral bacterial colony-forming units for up to 2 hours after disinfection, but the colony-forming units increased significantly after 3 hours. Therefore, the researchers recommend re-disinfecting the oral cavity after 3 hours to reduce the number of oral mucosa microorganisms. This information may be useful for individuals undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Topi, Pakistan, explored the use of composite coatings on stainless steel (SS) orthopedic implants to enhance their biocompatibility, bioactivity, and antibacterial properties. The coatings, made from synthetic biopolymer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), calcium hydrate (C-H) nanorods, and Moringa oleifera, were deposited on the SS implants using electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The study found that the composite coatings exhibited optimal protein attachment and cellular uptake, strong adhesion, and appropriate surface roughness for protein attachment. Additionally, the coatings demonstrated antibacterial activity and rapid bioactivity by forming a hydroxyapatite (HA) layer within 24 hours. These findings suggest that the composite coatings can enhance the performance of SS orthopedic implants in a cost-effective manner. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Beijing Institute of Technology discusses research on the thermal aging mechanism of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel, which is commonly used in machinery and tissue engineering due to its mechanical properties. The study conducted high-temperature accelerated aging tests on PVA hydrogels and analyzed their performance. The findings revealed three aging stages, including a reduction in free water, a reduction in bound water, and the depletion of bound water, which corresponded to volume shrinkage, decreased elongation, and a "tough-brittle" transition. The study concluded that the loss of bound water significantly affected the lifespan of PVA hydrogel structural components. This research provides valuable insights for assessing and improving the lifespan of PVA hydrogels. [Extracted from the article]

Inventor David B. Masters has filed a patent application for the development of biocompatible protein-based particles for medical devices. The application addresses the limitations of previous devices and proposes the use of protein matrix materials to create cohesive bodies that can be processed into particles. These particles are designed to be biocompatible, biodegradable, and capable of mimicking host tissue composition, promoting tissue growth and integration. The application also describes a method for treating and enhancing joint function by administering particles made from biocompatible proteins, glycosaminoglycans, and biocompatible solvents. The particles can be customized and shaped, and may contain pharmacologically active agents and biocompatible additives. Detailed information on the composition and proportions of the particles is provided in the application. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from China Pharmaceutical University have developed size-tailored and acid-degradable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microgels for inhalation therapy of bacterial pneumonia. These microgels loaded with piperacillin antibiotics were found to effectively treat pneumonia by releasing the drug with high inhibition efficiency against E. coli. The inhalational delivery of these microgels showed superior lung deposition and reduced infection and inflammation. This research offers a versatile and efficacious inhalation therapy for pneumonia-associated infections. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Qingdao University of Science and Technology in China discusses the development of food packaging films with improved properties. The researchers created a curcumin inclusion compound to introduce oil-soluble curcumin into water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol materials, resulting in films with enhanced antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The films also had increased barrier properties and reduced oxygen transmission, which can help slow down the oxidation reaction of fruits during packaging. The study suggests that these films have potential applications in the field of food packaging. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Northwest A&F University in Shaanxi, China have developed and characterized biodegradable films for food packaging. The films were made from a composite of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and hydrophobically modified deacetyl konjac glucomannan (DK), loaded with cinnamaldehyde (CA) emulsion. The films showed enhanced water resistance and antibacterial properties, making them potentially suitable for food packaging applications. The research was supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi. [Extracted from the article]

A new study conducted by researchers at the Children's Hospital of Fudan University in China explores the use of silver nanoparticles stabilized by chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol polymers for the treatment of functional dyspepsia and gastric cancer. The researchers found that the nanocomposite showed promising results in inhibiting the growth of gastric cancer cells and inducing cell apoptosis. Additionally, the nanocomposite had positive effects on the gut microbiome, rebalancing the composition of bacteria. The study suggests that the nanocomposite could be a potential treatment for functional dyspepsia and gastric cancer. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Third Military Medical University - Army Medical University in Chongqing, China compared the efficacy and comfort of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) and povidone-iodine (PVP) for nasal decolonization before transsphenoidal surgery in patients with pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs). The study found that both CHG and PVP were equally effective in nasal decolonization, but CHG had advantages in terms of comfort, including less nasal irritation, less pungency, and better intranasal coloration. The research suggests that CHG may be a preferable option for nasal decolonization in these patients. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Yarmouk University in Irbid, Jordan, has developed a new type of Fricke radio-chromic gel dosimeter for use in radiotherapy. The dosimeter, made from a composition of polyvinyl alcohol, xylenol orange, and gellan gum, was found to have high sensitivity and a low diffusion coefficient. The dosimeter demonstrated independence of beam energy and dose rate, and the estimated doses had a total uncertainty of 3.96% at a 95% confidence level. The research has been peer-reviewed and published in the journal Radiation Measurements. [Extracted from the article]

A research report from the University of Tehran discusses the use of nanocatalysts to degrade high amounts of chloramphenicol and amitriptyline, which are dangerous impurities found in drugs. The researchers developed a method to immobilize the nanocatalyst onto a non-soluble polymeric substrate, allowing for efficient degradation under UV radiation. The materials used were characterized and the degradation process was optimized. The research successfully employed four different water samples as real samples. This study provides new insights into the use of nanocatalysts for drug contamination mitigation. [Extracted from the article]

The article highlights the initiation of a clinical trial, aimed at studying a novel form of histiocytosis associated with injecting drug use, focusing on its clinical features and diagnostic criteria. Topics discussed include the role of chitotriosidase activity in screening, the significance of tissue biopsies for diagnosis, and the investigation of polyvinylpyrrolidone accumulation in macrophages using advanced microscopy and mass spectrometry techniques.

This patent application discusses the development of biodegradable hydrogels made from polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). These hydrogels have high water content and can be used in various applications, such as drug delivery and tissue engineering. The patent application also describes the incorporation of active agents, such as hydrogen peroxide and essential oils, into the hydrogels for specific purposes like antimicrobial activity or plant stimulation. The invention includes films, articles, and compositions made from these hydrogels, which can be used in agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and other industries. [Extracted from the article]

A new study conducted at the Universidad del Atlantico explores the use of lyophilized polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan scaffolds pre-loaded with silicon dioxide nanoparticles for tissue regeneration. The researchers found that these materials have a soft tissue regenerative capacity and can promote tissue growth and proliferation. The scaffolds also demonstrated good biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties. The study highlights the important role of nanoparticles in optimizing scaffold properties and expanding the boundaries of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from the Hospital for Special Surgery in New York City focused on the use of polypropylene (PPE) mesh in knee arthroplasty procedures. The study aimed to visualize and quantify the growth of bacterial biofilm on the mesh and determine which antiseptic solutions effectively remove viable bacteria. The researchers found that biofilm formation on the mesh was rapid and that contamination could have catastrophic consequences. They recommended the use of undiluted povidone-iodine with hydrogen peroxide to salvage infected PPE mesh. The study was published in The Journal of Arthroplasty and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from National Taipei University of Technology in Taiwan discusses the design and production of amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) nanoparticles of the antibiotic sulfadiazine. The researchers used supercritical CO2 as the antisolvent to produce spherical ASD nanoparticles of sulfadiazine and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with improved dissolution behavior. The study found that the supercritical CO2 process efficiently produced ASD nanoparticles with a mean size of about 750 nm, enhanced dissolution rate, and high powder recovery. This research provides valuable insights into the formulation approach for improving the dissolution rate and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble pharmaceutical ingredients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in Iran explored the use of nanofibers for transdermal delivery of diclofenac diethylamine (DDA), an ophthalmic anti-inflammatory agent. The researchers aimed to develop a drug delivery system that could overcome the gastrointestinal adverse effects associated with oral ingestion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The study found that DDA-loaded nanofibers made of ethyl cellulose (EC) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone K90 (PVP), along with a penetration enhancer, showed potential for application in transdermal patches. The research findings suggest a promising approach for the development of alternative drug delivery systems for ophthalmic anti-inflammatory agents. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Mangalore University in Karnataka, India, explored the effects of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) on the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of silver metal nanoparticles (AgNPs). The researchers synthesized PVP-capped AgNPs using glucose as a reducing agent and studied the influence of PVP concentration on the nanoparticles. The results showed that the PVP-capped AgNPs exhibited antioxidant activity but did not show any antibacterial activity. The study suggests that PVP-capped AgNPs could have potential applications in the treatment of free radical-related diseases. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the University of Florida has found that sanitizer sprays can effectively reduce Salmonella on the surface of mangoes. The researchers evaluated the efficacy of chlorine, peroxyacetic acid, and chlorine dioxide sprays during the washing process using brush or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) rollers. The results showed that the sanitizers had significantly higher reductions in Salmonella populations compared to water spray. The study suggests that adding sanitizers to the spray water used in mango packinghouses can help reduce Salmonella on mango surfaces. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Iran have developed a novel film for intelligent and active food packaging. The film is made from barberry anthocyanins immobilized on cobalt-based metal-organic framework (Co-MOF) nanoparticles, along with biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan nanofiber (ChNF). The film has antimicrobial properties, can detect freshness sensitively, and has improved tensile strength, flexibility, UV protection, and water vapor resistance. It also changes color to indicate spoilage of red meat. The research concludes that these films can be used as intelligent and active food packaging materials. [Extracted from the article]

New research from Assiut University in Egypt explores the use of clay nanoparticles mixed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) for food packaging. The study examines the effects of different weight ratios of clay nanoparticles on the mechanical, thermal, optical, and antibacterial properties of PVA/clay composites. The addition of clay nanoparticles improves the thermal conductivity, water vapor transport rates, and antibacterial performance of the PVA, while reducing water absorption, moisture level, transmission, and brightness. These findings suggest that incorporating clay nanoparticles could be beneficial for food packaging applications. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Tunku Abdul Rahman in Malaysia have developed a dual-mode ammonia sensor for real-time quality monitoring of protein-rich food products. The sensor utilizes naturally occurring anthocyanin extracted from Clitoria ternatea and reinforced with polyvinyl alcohol, along with graphene nanoplatelets, to enhance sensitivity to ammonia gas. The sensor is cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and incorporates near-field communication technology for batteryless and wireless sensing response transmission. This sensor offers a promising solution for widespread adoption in the food industry to ensure the quality and safety of perishable goods. [Extracted from the article]

The article reports on a pilot randomized controlled trial from Universitas Padjadjaran comparing the effectiveness of honey, povidone-iodine, and paraffin gauze in treating acute laceration wounds. Topics discussed include healing times of different treatments, cost comparisons, and incidence of adverse events.

A patent application has been submitted for a breast fluid collection pad, method of use, and kit. The invention aims to collect breast fluid from women's mammary ducts and test the markers contained within the fluid to evaluate and diagnose the risk of breast cancer and pre-cancerous conditions. The current methods for collecting nipple aspirate fluid are time-consuming and require trained medical workers. The collection pad uses negative pressure to pull breast fluid into the pad, and the kit allows for the preservation and testing of the fluid markers. This invention provides a potentially cheaper, faster, and safer alternative to invasive methods of breast cancer detection. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Kumamoto University discusses the potential use of hydrogels composed of natural and synthetic polymers in various applications, such as biomedical and water purification. The researchers focused on improving the mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol/agar hydrogel by crosslinking tannic acid and subjecting it to multiple freeze/thaw cycles. They found that the hydrogel exhibited the highest strength after five freeze/thaw cycles, with a reduced amount of crosslinker. The developed hydrogels are expected to have applications in fields such as wound dressing and artificial cartilage. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Henan University in Kaifeng, China, has developed a nanofibrous membrane for food packaging that has multiple functions, including antibacterial, anti-ultraviolet, and anti-oxidation capabilities. The membrane, made from polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, and tannic acid, was crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and surface modified with zinc oxide. The research found that the membrane improved water resistance, reduced water vapor permeability, increased tensile strength, enhanced thermal stability, and extended the shelf life of strawberries by up to 6 days. The study concludes that the membrane has great potential for use in active food packaging materials. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand, discusses the development of biodegradable chitosan hydrogel films for potential use in food packaging. The researchers aimed to find environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics commonly used in food packaging. The films, made from chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol, chitooligosaccharides, and gallic acid, exhibited good mechanical and thermal properties, reduced moisture content and water vapor permeability, and showed strong UV-barrier properties. The study suggests that these eco-friendly films have promising potential for use in food packaging. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on a patent application for a bio-ink printing system, emphasizing its advanced printing components and methods. Topics include the composition of the bio-ink with live cells and various polymers, the design of the bio-ink ejector including a thermal resistor and nozzle, and the printing techniques for depositing bio-ink on various substrates.

A report from Chung-Ang University in Seoul, South Korea discusses advancements in flexible nanogenerators using polyvinylidene fluoride-based nanofibers. The research focuses on the need for alternative power sources for miniaturized electronic and wearable devices. The study explores the use of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and PVDF co-polymers as piezoelectric materials for energy harvesting. The report also discusses methods to enhance the harvesting output of these nanofibers, such as fiber alignment and doping with nanofillers, as well as their potential applications as sensors. [Extracted from the article]

The patent application titled "Strongly Hydrophilic Microneedle Substrate And Drug-Loaded Microneedle And Use Thereof In Treatment Of Diseases" by Zhong Yin discusses a new composition for a microneedle substrate that can be used for drug loading and release in the treatment of diseases. The composition includes a small molecule polyhydroxy compound and polyvinyl alcohol, which improve the physical properties and thermoplasticity of the microneedle. The microneedle has a high drug-loading capacity and in-vivo penetration capacity, making it suitable for administering drugs such as proteins and polypeptides. The invention has several advantages, including fast onset of action, high utilization rate, and cost advantage. The patent application also includes claims for the composition, a method for preparing the microneedle, and drug-loaded microneedles for specific drugs. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to Triastek Inc. for 3D printing methods for compartmented pharmaceutical dosage forms. The patent describes a method for 3D printing oral drug dosage forms using a water-insoluble substrate and a drug content contained within a compartment. The drug content can be operably linked to the substrate or detached and freely movable in the compartment. The method involves providing a melted mixture of the drug and erodible materials, extruding the mixture through a 3D printing nozzle, and depositing it on a planar surface. The patent also lists various thermoplastic materials that can be used for the substrate and erodible materials. The invention aims to provide controlled drug delivery systems with desired drug plasma levels, reduced side effects, and improved patient compliance. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Helwan University in Cairo, Egypt have published a study in the field of regenerative medicine. The study focuses on the development of polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber scaffolds loaded with flaxseed extract for bone regeneration. The researchers found that incorporating flaxseed extract into the nanofibers enhanced bone tissue engineering by promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Although adhesion was reduced, the study suggests that these properties make the nanofibers a potential tool for regenerative medicine. The study provides valuable insights into scaffold optimization for biomedical applications. [Extracted from the article]