48 results on '"Belghiti Alaoui A"'
Search Results
2. Necrotising enterocolitis suspicion in newborns with duct-dependent congenital heart disease: prognosis and risk factor
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Isabelle Ligi, Caroline Ovaert, Fedoua El Louali, Camille Prom, Belghiti Alaoui Myriem, Celia Gran, Virginie Fouilloux, Marien Lenoir, and Fabrice Michel
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Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Introduction The main risk factors of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) are prematurity and low birth weight. The aim of our study was to identify risk factors for NEC in patients with duct-dependent congenital heart disease (CHD).Study design Newborns with duct-dependent CHD and NEC were matched 1:1 to those without NEC. Matched criteria were gestational age, birth weight, antenatal versus postnatal diagnosis and type of CHD.Results Twenty-three infants were included in each group. In the NEC group, mortality, length of intensive care unit stay and length of hospital stay were significantly higher (p=0.035; p
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- 2024
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3. Impact of cardiac surgical timing on the neurodevelopmental outcomes of newborns with Complex congenital heart disease (CHD)
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Marien Lenoir, Thibault Beretti, Benoit Testud, Noémie Resseguier, Kim Gauthier, Virginie Fouilloux, Célia Gran, Florent Paoli, Fedoua El-Louali, Philippe Aldebert, Julie Blanc, Camille Soulatges, Sarab Al-dybiat, Guillaume Carles, Chloe Wanert, William Rozalen, Stéphane Lebel, Sophie Arnaud, Dominique Santelli, Chloé Allary, Marianne Peyre, Isabelle Grandvuillemin, Clotilde Desroberts, Myriem Belghiti Alaoui, Farid Boubred, Fabrice Michel, Caroline Ovaert, Mathieu Milh, Clément François, and Béatrice Desnous
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bayley IV ,congenital heart disease ,white matter injuries ,cardiac surgical timing ,neonates ,neurodevetlopmental outcomes ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
BackgroundMore than half of infants with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) will have a neurodevelopmental disorder of multifactorial causes. The preoperative period represents a time-window during which neonates with complex CHD are in a state of hypoxia and hemodynamic instability, which fosters the emergence of brain injuries and, thus, affects early brain networks and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Currently, there is no consensus regarding the optimal age for cardiac surgery in terms of neurodevelopmental outcomes, and its definition is a real challenge. Our aim is to determine the relationship between cardiac surgical timing and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes for various types of complex CHD.MethodsWe hypothesize that earlier surgical timing could represent a neuroprotective strategy that reduces perioperative white matter injuries (WMIs) and postoperative morbidity, leading to improved neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants with complex CHD. Firstly, our prospective study will allow us to determine the correlation between age at the time of surgery (days of life) and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 24 months. We will then analyze the correlation between age at surgery and (i) the incidence of WMIs (through pre- and postoperative MRIs), (ii) postoperative morbidity, and (iii) the duration of the hospital stay.Implications and DisseminationThis research protocol was registered in the Clinical Trial Registry (National Clinical Trial: NCT04733378). This project aims to help launch the first Neurocardiac Investigation Clinic in Marseille — AP-HM — to propose an overall personalized monitoring and treatment program for patients operated on for complex CHD.
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- 2023
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4. Detecting PCB Assembly Defects Using Infrared Thermal Signatures.
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Nabil El Belghiti Alaoui, Patrick Tounsi, Alexandre Boyer, and Arnaud Viard
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- 2019
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5. New testing approach using near electromagnetic field probing intending to upgrade in-circuit testing of high density PCBAs.
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Nabil El Belghiti Alaoui, Patrick Tounsi, Alexandre Boyer, and Arnaud Viard
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- 2018
- Full Text
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6. New defect detection approach using near electromagnetic field probing of high density PCBAs
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El Belghiti Alaoui, Nabil, Boyer, Alexandre, Tounsi, Patrick, and Viard, Arnaud
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. New defect detection approach using near electromagnetic field probing of high density PCBAs.
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Nabil El Belghiti Alaoui, Alexandre Boyer, Patrick Tounsi, and Arnaud Viard
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- 2018
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- View/download PDF
8. Upgrading In-Circuit Test of High Density PCBAs Using Electromagnetic Measurement and Principal Component Analysis.
- Author
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Nabil El Belghiti Alaoui, Alexandre Boyer, Patrick Tounsi, and Arnaud Viard
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Upgrading In-Circuit Test of High Density PCBAs Using Electromagnetic Measurement and Principal Component Analysis
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El Belghiti Alaoui, Nabil, Boyer, Alexandre, Tounsi, Patrick, and Viard, Arnaud
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- 2018
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10. Correction: The effect of old-age pensions on health care utilization patterns and insurance uptake in Mexico
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Bruno Meessen, EL Houcine Akhnif, Abdelali Belghiti Alaoui, Kefilath Bello, Sanghita Bhattacharyya, Hannah Sarah Faich Dini, Fahdi Dkhimi, Jean-Paul Dossou, Basile Keugoung, Tamba Mina Millimouno, Jérôme Pfaffmann Zambruni, Maxime Rouve, Isidore Sieleunou, and Godelieve van Heteren
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Published
- 2019
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11. Learning for Universal Health Coverage
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Bruno Meessen, EL Houcine Akhnif, Abdelali Belghiti Alaoui, Kefilath Bello, Sanghita Bhattacharyya, Hannah Sarah Faich Dini, Fahdi Dkhimi, Jean-Paul Dossou, Basile Keugoung, Tamba Mina Millimouno, Jérôme Pfaffmann Zambruni, Maxime Rouve, Isidore Sieleunou, and Godelieve van Heteren
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
The journey to universal health coverage (UHC) is full of challenges, which to a great extent are specific to each country. ‘Learning for UHC’ is a central component of countries’ health system strengthening agendas. Our group has been engaged for a decade in facilitating collective learning for UHC through a range of modalities at global, regional and national levels. We present some of our experience and draw lessons for countries and international actors interested in strengthening national systemic learning capacities for UHC. The main lesson is that with appropriate collective intelligence processes, digital tools and facilitation capacities, countries and international agencies can mobilise the many actors with knowledge relevant to the design, implementation and evaluation of UHC policies. However, really building learning health systems will take more time and commitment. Each country will have to invest substantively in developing its specific learning systemic capacities, with an active programme of work addressing supportive leadership, organisational culture and knowledge management processes.
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- 2019
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12. Systematic Endotracheal Aspiration in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Reduces Broad-spectrum Antibiotic Use for Ventilator-associated Pneumonia
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César, Roncin, Noémie, Vanel, Aurelie, Morand, Myriem, Belghiti Alaoui, and Fabrice, Michel
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Microbiology (medical) ,Intensive Care Units ,Infectious Diseases ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Humans ,Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated ,Child ,Intensive Care Units, Pediatric ,Respiration, Artificial ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
To determine the impact of a systematic endotracheal aspiration (ETA) sampling program for mechanically ventilated patients on initial antibiotic therapy for ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP).Retrospective cohort study; before-after study design.Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with 16 medical and surgical beds in a tertiary teaching hospital.Patients16 years of age hospitalized in the PICU who fulfilled VAP criteria.Biweekly systematic ETA sampling was conducted in mechanically ventilated patients.We retrospectively studied patients who received antibiotic therapy for suspected VAP 12 months before and after the initiation of systematic ETA (periods 1 and 2, respectively), evaluating the initial antibiotic therapy spectrum in both periods.During period 1, 56 patients developed VAP and 47 developed VAP during period 2. The incidence was 17 cases of VAP/1000 days of mechanical ventilation in both periods. Ideal antibiotic therapy was prescribed in 19.6% of cases for period 1 and 55.2% for period 2 (P = 0.001). Initial antibiotic therapy for VAP during period 2 had a significantly lower proportion of broad-spectrum antibiotics than therapy during period 1 (P = 0.01).In our PICU, knowledge of bronchial colonization reduced initial broad-spectrum antibiotic use for VAP.
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- 2022
13. Pediatric anesthetic for tracheobronchial foreign body extraction: A survey of practice in France.
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Loreau, Chine, Caruselli, Marco, Roncin, César, Salvi, Nadège, Lenoire, Alexandre, Allary, Chloé, De Queiroz, Mathilde, Belghiti‐Alaoui, Myriem, and Michel, Fabrice
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FOREIGN bodies ,ANESTHETICS ,DENTAL extraction ,COMPUTED tomography ,BRONCHOSCOPY ,PEDIATRIC emergencies ,PHYSICIANS - Abstract
Background: Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is a classic pediatric emergency, and its associated morbidity particularly depends on the anesthetic management, which differs according to the center and the practitioner. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the different anesthetic practices for tracheobronchial foreign body extraction. Methods: A survey was sent via email to the member physicians of the Association des Anesthésistes Réanimateurs Pédiatriques d'Expression Française (ADARPEF). The survey included 28 questions about the organizational and anesthetic management of an evolving clinical case. Results: A total of 151 physicians responded to the survey. Only 13.2% of the respondents reported that their institution had a management protocol, and 21.7% required a computerized tomography scan before the procedure was performed for children who were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic during the night. There were 56.3% of the respondents who reported that extraction with a rigid bronchoscope is the only procedure usually performed in their institution. Regarding rigid bronchoscopy, 47.0% used combined intravenous‐inhalation anesthesia. The objective was to maintain the child on spontaneous ventilation for 63.6% of the respondents, but anesthesia management differed according to the physician's experience. Conclusions: Our study confirms the diversity of practices concerning anesthetic for tracheobronchial foreign body extraction and found reveal differences in practice according to physician experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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14. Systematic Endotracheal Aspiration in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Reduces Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Use for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
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Roncin, César, primary, Vanel, Noémie, additional, Morand, Aurelie, additional, Belghiti Alaoui, Myriem, additional, and Michel, Fabrice, additional
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- 2022
- Full Text
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15. Upgrading In-Circuit Test of High Density PCBAs Using Electromagnetic Measurement and Principal Component Analysis
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Alexandre Boyer, Arnaud Viard, Patrick Tounsi, Nabil El Belghiti Alaoui, Équipe Énergie et Systèmes Embarqués (LAAS-ESE), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, ACTIA Automotive, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
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010302 applied physics ,Computer science ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Code coverage ,01 natural sciences ,[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics ,0104 chemical sciences ,Reliability engineering ,Printed circuit board ,Robustness (computer science) ,In-circuit test ,0103 physical sciences ,Principal component analysis ,Anomaly detection ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Physical test ,Electronic circuit - Abstract
International audience; With the density increase of today’s printed circuit board assemblies (PCBA), electronic test methods such as in-circuit test (ICT) reached their limits. In the same time the requirements of high reliability and robustness are greater. Original equipment manufacturers are obliged to reduce the number of physical test points and to find better-adapted test methods to keep adequate test coverage. Current test methods must be rethought to include a large panel of physical phenomena that can be used to detect- electrical defects, absence, wrong value of components, absence and shorts without using test points on the board under test (BUT). In this paper, a test set-up based on the measurement of electromagnetic signature to diagnose faulty components contactlessly is presented. The technique consists in using magnetic field probes, which detect the field distribution over powered sensitive components. To evaluate the relevance of the method, reference EM signatures are extracted from fault-free circuits, which are compared to those extracted from a sample PCBA in which we introduced a component level defect by removing or changing the value of critical components. For more robust detection of multiple defect scenarios, the principal component analysis (PCA) method is used as an outlier detection algorithm.
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- 2018
16. Stratégie de testabilité en production des cartes électroniques à forte densité d'intégration et à signaux rapides
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El Belghiti Alaoui, Nabil, Équipe Énergie et Systèmes Embarqués (LAAS-ESE), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse, Patrick Tounsi, and Alexandre Boyer (co-directeur)
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Printed circuit board assembly ,Test en production ,Assembly Defects ,DfT(Design for Test) ,DfT (Design for Test) ,Testabilité ,PCBA test ,Production test ,Test alternatif ,[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics ,PCA (Principal Component Analysis) ,Accessibilité ,Test sans contact ,Test de PCBA ,Défaut d'assemblage ,Algorithme de détection d'éléments aberrants ,Alternative test ,Accessibility ,Assemblage de cartes électroniques ,Contactless test ,Test par signature électromagnétique ,Test par signature thermique infrarouge ,Electromagnetic signature test ,Sonde à matériau anisotrope conducteur ,Outlier detection algorithm ,Testability ,Infrared thermal signature test ,Anisotropic conductive rubber probe - Abstract
National audience; In production test strategies are currently based on optical inspection (AOI), X-ray inspection (AXI), electrical (ICT) and functional (FT) tests.Due to the multiplication and miniaturization of electrical components, the coexistence of several technologies (digital, analog, radio frequency, power, etc.) on the same Printed Circuit Board (PCB), these test techniques listed above are no longer sufficient to fully meet production test coverage requirements, because they are relatively inefficient and costly in development and test cycle time.The objective of this CIFRE thesis carried out between ACTIA Automotive and LAAS-CNRS is to define an innovative production test strategy adapted to high-density and high-speed products. In order to do so, we have considered almost all existing PCB testing techniques, addressed improvements to existing testmethodologies and proposed test approaches that can be used upstream of high-density, high-speed Printed Circuit Board Assemblies (PCBA) production process.First, we introduced a new contactless technique for testing PCBA when physical test access is very limited. The technique consists of using near magnetic field probes, which detect the magnetic field distribution arising from certain components mounted on the PCB to test their presence on the board and their value afterwards.Second, a test approach using infrared thermal signatures is presented. This technique can detect component assembly defects such as its presence, value and in some cases its health state, which allows to conclude on the defect state of the PCBA.To assess the relevance of these two techniques, several defect scenarios were considered and analyzed with outlier detection algorithms. In several cases, manufacturing defects are discriminated with large margins, while considering the variability of component specification.Finally, a technique for regaining test accessibility on high frequency signal transmission tracks is presented. The technique consists in using small micro openings in the solder mask directly above the tracks transmitting digital signals. The exposed conductors are contacted with a deformable, conductive and anisotropic tip probe. The feasibility of this technique was tested on a prototype that we had developed in collaboration with ACTIA Engineering Services, a subsidiary of ACTIA Group.; Les étapes de test en production des cartes électroniques sont basées à ce jour sur des contrôles optiques(AOI), inspection des joints de soudures par Rayons-X (AXI), électriques (ICT) et tests fonctionnels.Face à la multiplication et à la miniaturisation des composants, la cohabitation de plusieurs technologies(numérique, analogique, radiofréquence, puissance…) sur le même PCB « Printed Circuit Board », les moyens de test listés précédemment ne sont plus suffisants pour répondre complètement aux exigences de couverture de tests en production, car peu performants et coûteux en temps de développement et de cycle de test.L'objectif de cette thèse CIFRE avec ACTIA Automotive en collaboration avec le laboratoire LAAS-CNRS est de définir une stratégie de test en production innovante et adaptée aux produits à forte densité et à signaux rapides. Pour ce faire, nous avons abordé dans cette thèse, des améliorations à apporter aux méthodologies de test existantes et proposé également des approches de test utilisables en amont de la production des PCBA « Printed Circuit Board Assemblies » à haute densité et à signaux rapides.Premièrement, nous avons introduit une nouvelle technique sans contact pour tester des PCBA lorsque l’accès physique de test est très limité. La technique consiste à utiliser des sondes de champ magnétique proche, qui détectent la distribution de champ magnétique émanant de certains composants montés sur le PCB dans le but de tester leur présence sur la carte et leur valeur par la suite.Deuxièmement, une approche de test utilisant des signatures thermiques infrarouges est présentée. Cette technique peut détecter les défauts d’assemblage du composant tel que sa présence, sa valeur et dans certain cas son état de santé, ce qui permet de conclure sur l’état de défaut du PCBA.Afin d’évaluer la pertinence de ces deux techniques, plusieurs scénarios de défaut ont été considérés et analysés avec des algorithmes de détection de valeurs aberrantes. Dans tous les cas étudiés, les défauts de fabrication sont discriminés avec des marges importantes, tout en tenant compte de la variabilité des spécifications des composants.Finalement, une technique pour regagner de l’accessibilité de test sur des pistes de transmission de signal de haute fréquence est présentée. La technique consiste à utiliser des micros ouvertures dans le masque de soudure directement au-dessus des pistes portant des signaux digitaux. Les conducteurs exposés sont mis en contact avec une sonde à bout déformable, conducteur et anisotrope. La faisabilité industrielle de cette technique a été testée sur un prototype que nous avions développé en collaboration avec ACTIA Engineering Services, filiale du Groupe ACTIA.
- Published
- 2020
17. Testability strategy in production for printed circuit board assemblies with high density and high speed signals
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El Belghiti Alaoui, Nabil, Équipe Énergie et Systèmes Embarqués (LAAS-ESE), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse, Patrick Tounsi, Alexandre Boyer (co-directeur), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), INSA de Toulouse, Alexandre Boyer, HAL-LAAS, LAAS, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)
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High speed signals ,Test coverage ,Printed circuit board assembly ,[SPI.NANO] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics ,Test en production ,Assembly Defects ,DfT(Design for Test) ,DfT (Design for Test) ,Testabilité ,PCBA test ,Production test ,Test alternatif ,Haute densité ,Signaux rapides ,[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics ,PCA (Principal Component Analysis) ,Accessibilité ,Couverture de test ,Test sans contact ,Test de PCBA ,Défaut d'assemblage ,Algorithme de détection d'éléments aberrants ,Alternative test ,Accessibility ,Assemblage de cartes électroniques ,Contactless test ,High density ,Test par signature électromagnétique ,Dft-Dfx ,Test par signature thermique infrarouge ,Electromagnetic signature test ,Sonde à matériau anisotrope conducteur ,Outlier detection algorithm ,Testability ,Infrared thermal signature test ,Anisotropic conductive rubber probe - Abstract
Until today, the production tests are based mainly on optical verification (AOI), X-ray inspection (AXI), electrical (ICT) and functional tests. Faced with the miniaturization of component packages, the high densification and integration of several technologies (digital, analog, radio frequency, power ...) on the same PCB (Printed Circuit Board), the test techniques listed above are no longer sufficient to fully meet the production test coverage requirements, because they are costly in terms of development time and test cycle and are not very efficient.The objective of this CIFRE thesis with ACTIA Automotive in collaboration with LAAS-CNRS is to define an innovative production test strategy adapted to high-density products. To do this, we have addressed in this work, improvements to existing test methodologies and proposed test approaches usable upstream of the production process of PCBAs (Printed Circuit Board Assemblies).First, we introduced a new contactless technique for testing PCBAs with limited physical test access. The technique involves the use of near-field magnetic sensors, which detect the magnetic signatures from components mounted on the PCB in order to test their presence and their value thereafter. Secondly, a test approach using infrared thermal signatures is presented. This technique can detect component assembly defects such as, presence, value and in some cases its state of health, which allows concluding on the PCBA state of defect. In order to evaluate the relevance of these two techniques, several fault scenarios were considered and analyzed with an outlier detection algorithm. In several cases, the manufacturing defects are discriminated with significant margins, while taking into account the variability in component specifications.Finally, a technique for regaining test accessibility on high frequency signal transmission tracks is presented. The technique uses small openings in the solder mask directly above the tracks carrying digital signals. The exposed conductors are contacted with a probe with deformable and anisotropic conductive tip. The industrial feasibility of this technique was tested on a prototype that we developed in collaboration with the ACTIA Group subsidiary: ACTIA Engineering Services., Les étapes de test en production sont basées à ce jour sur des contrôles optiques (AOI), inspection des joints de soudures par Rayons-X (AXI), électriques (ICT) et tests fonctionnels. Face à la multiplication et à la miniaturisation des composants, la cohabitation de plusieurs technologies (numérique, analogique, radiofréquence, puissance…) sur le même PCB (Printed Circuit Board), les moyens de test listés précédemment ne sont plus suffisants pour répondre complètement aux exigences de couverture de tests en production, car peu performants et coûteux en temps de développement et de cycle de test.L'objectif de cette thèse CIFRE avec ACTIA Automotive en collaboration avec le laboratoire LAAS-CNRS est de définir une stratégie de test en production innovante et adaptée aux produits à forte densité en envisageant dans un premier temps toutes les techniques existantes ou à développer. Pour ce faire, nous avons abordé dans cette thèse, des améliorations à apporter aux méthodologies de test existantes et proposé également des approches de test utilisables en amont de la production des PCBAs (Printed Circuit Board Assemblies) à haute densité et à signaux rapides.Premièrement, nous avons introduit une nouvelle technique sans contact pour tester des PCBAs lorsque l’accès physique de test est très limité. La technique consiste à utiliser des sondes de champ magnétique proche, qui détectent la distribution de champ magnétique émanant de certains composants montés sur le PCB dans le but de tester leur présence sur la carte et leur valeur par la suite. Deuxièmement, une approche de test utilisant des signatures thermiques infrarouges est présentée. Cette technique peut détecter les défauts d’assemblage du composant tel que sa présence, sa valeur et dans certain cas son état de santé, ce qui permet de conclure sur l’état de défaut du PCBA. Afin d’évaluer la pertinence de ces deux techniques, plusieurs scénarios de défaut ont été considérés et analysés avec un algorithme de détection de valeurs aberrantes. Sur plusieurs cas, les défauts de fabrication sont discriminés avec des marges importantes, tout en tenant compte de la variabilité de spécification des composants.Finalement, une technique pour regagner de l’accessibilité de test sur des pistes de transmission de signal de haute fréquence est présentée. La technique consiste à utiliser de petites ouvertures dans le masque de soudure directement au-dessus des pistes portant des signaux digitaux. Les conducteurs exposés sont mis en contact avec une sonde à bout déformable, conducteur et anisotrope. La faisabilité industrielle de cette technique a été testée sur un prototype que nous avions développé en collaboration avec la filiale d’ACTIA Group : ACTIA Engineering Services.
- Published
- 2020
18. Use of norepinephrine for intraoperative hypotension in pediatric surgery.
- Author
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de MARTINO, Noémie, BELGHITI ALAOUI, Myriem, LOREAU, Chine, CARUSELLI, Marco, and MICHEL, Fabrice
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Decision-making and health system strengthening: bringing time frames into perspective
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Vincent De Brouwere, Bruno Meessen, Maryam Bigdeli, and Abelali Belghiti Alaoui
- Subjects
Process management ,Decision Making ,health system dynamics ,Temporality ,Plan (drawing) ,time frames ,Time ,03 medical and health sciences ,Temporalities ,Politics ,0302 clinical medicine ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,Humans ,AcademicSubjects/MED00860 ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Structure (mathematical logic) ,Health Policy ,05 social sciences ,Perspective (graphical) ,Health Systems Plans ,decision-makers ,Government Programs ,Morocco ,Methodological Musings ,Health system strengthening ,Host (network) ,050203 business & management ,temporality ,Healthcare system - Abstract
In many low-and middle-income countries, health systems decision-makers are facing a host of new challenges and competing priorities. They must not only plan and implement as they used to do but also deal with discontented citizens and health staff, be responsive and accountable. This contributes to create new political hazards susceptible to disrupt the whole execution of health plans. The starting point of this article is the observation by the first author of the limitations of the building-blocks framework to structure decision-making as for strengthening of the Moroccan health system. The management of a health system is affected by different temporalities, the recognition of which allows a more realistic analysis of the obstacles and successes of health system strengthening approaches. Inspired by practice and enriched thanks a consultation of the literature, our analytical framework revolves around five dynamics: the services dynamic, the programming dynamic, the political dynamic, the reform dynamic and the capacity-building dynamic. These five dynamics are differentiated by their temporalities, their profile, the role of their actors and the nature of their activities. The Moroccan experience suggests that it is possible to strengthen health systems by opening up the analysis of temporalities, which affects both decision-making processes and the dynamics of functioning of health systems.
- Published
- 2020
20. Learning for Universal Health Coverage
- Author
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Joël Arthur Kiendrébéogo, Allison Gamble Kelley, Abdelali Belghiti Alaoui, Tamba Mina Millimouno, Basile Keugoung, Maxime Rouve, Fahdi Dkhimi, Jean-Paul Dossou, Jérôme Pfaffmann Zambruni, Bruno Meessen, Hannah Sarah Faich Dini, Isidore Sieleunou, Sanghita Bhattacharyya, Kéfilath Bello, Godelieve van Heteren, and EL Houcine Akhnif
- Subjects
Organizational culture ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Political science ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Public, Environmental & Occupational Health ,Practice ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Modalities ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,030503 health policy & services ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Collective intelligence ,Collaborative learning ,Public relations ,Work (electrical) ,HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,0305 other medical science ,business ,health systems ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Healthcare system - Abstract
The journey to universal health coverage (UHC) is full of challenges, which to a great extent are specific to each country. 'Learning for UHC' is a central component of countries' health system strengthening agendas. Our group has been engaged for a decade in facilitating collective learning for UHC through a range of modalities at global, regional and national levels. We present some of our experience and draw lessons for countries and international actors interested in strengthening national systemic learning capacities for UHC. The main lesson is that with appropriate collective intelligence processes, digital tools and facilitation capacities, countries and international agencies can mobilise the many actors with knowledge relevant to the design, implementation and evaluation of UHC policies. However, really building learning health systems will take more time and commitment. Each country will have to invest substantively in developing its specific learning systemic capacities, with an active programme of work addressing supportive leadership, organisational culture and knowledge management processes. ispartof: BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH vol:4 issue:6 ispartof: location:England status: published
- Published
- 2019
21. Implementing a maternal mortality surveillance system in Morocco – challenges and opportunities
- Author
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Abouchadi, S., Belghiti Alaoui, A., Meski, F. Z., and De Brouwere, V.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Decision-making and health system strengthening: bringing time frames into perspective
- Author
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Belghiti Alaoui, Abelali, primary, De Brouwere, Vincent, additional, Meessen, Bruno, additional, and Bigdeli, Maryam, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Learning for Universal Health Coverage
- Author
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Meessen, Bruno, primary, Akhnif, EL Houcine, additional, Kiendrébéogo, Joël Arthur, additional, Belghiti Alaoui, Abdelali, additional, Bello, Kefilath, additional, Bhattacharyya, Sanghita, additional, Faich Dini, Hannah Sarah, additional, Dkhimi, Fahdi, additional, Dossou, Jean-Paul, additional, Gamble Kelley, Allison, additional, Keugoung, Basile, additional, Millimouno, Tamba Mina, additional, Pfaffmann Zambruni, Jérôme, additional, Rouve, Maxime, additional, Sieleunou, Isidore, additional, and van Heteren, Godelieve, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Using infrared thermal responses for PCBA production tests: Feasibility study
- Author
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Nabil El Belghiti Alaoui, A. Boyer, Anais Cassou, Arnaud Viard, Patrick Tounsi, Équipe Énergie et Systèmes Embarqués (LAAS-ESE), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, ACTIA Automotive, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
- Subjects
Computer science ,defect detection ,thermal signatures ,02 engineering and technology ,Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Printed circuit board ,thermal modeling ,law ,Component (UML) ,0103 physical sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electronic engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Polarity (mutual inductance) ,Testability ,010302 applied physics ,Principal Component Analysis ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,contactless testing ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Accessibility ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics ,Capacitor ,Principal component analysis ,PCBA testing ,Anomaly detection ,Focus (optics) - Abstract
International audience; A Printed Circuit Board assembly (PCBA) testing approach using infrared thermal signatures is presented. The concept of thermal signature for PCBAs is introduced and proved by experience and simulation. Based on this concept, the testing method is able to detect assembly defects such as presence of the component, polarity, value and solder (shorts and opens) and in some cases component health state, it also can classify the components mounted on the PCB into two classes (fault-free, faulty). According to the thermal signature of each component on the PCBA, they can be also classified in the same classes. In this article focus is put on capacitor defects in a DC/DC converter, especially capacitor value defects. Therefore, they will be the main tested components. For a robust detection of multiple defect scenarios, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method is used as an outlier detection algorithm.
- Published
- 2019
25. Detecting PCB Assembly defects using infrared thermal signatures
- Author
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A. Boyer, Amaud Viard, Nabil El Belghiti Alaoui, P. Tounsi, Équipe Énergie et Systèmes Embarqués (LAAS-ESE), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Équipe Intégration de Systèmes de Gestion de l'Énergie (LAAS-ISGE), ACTIA Automotive, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
- Subjects
Mean squared error ,Computer science ,defect detection ,thermal signatures ,02 engineering and technology ,Integrated circuit ,Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY ,Fault detection and isolation ,020202 computer hardware & architecture ,law.invention ,[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics ,Capacitor ,Printed circuit board ,law ,Proof of concept ,Component (UML) ,PCBA testing ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electronic engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,mean squared error ,Polarity (mutual inductance) - Abstract
International audience; A Printed Circuit Board assembly (PCBA) testing approach using infrared thermal signatures is presented. The concept of thermal signature for PCBAs is introduced. Based on this concept, the testing method is able to:-detect assembly defects such as presence, polarity, value and solder (shorts and opens) and in some cases component health state-classify the components mounted on the PCB into a number of classes (e.g.-fault free(reliable), functional (less reliable), faulty). According to the thermal signature of each component on the PCBA, PCBAs can be also classified in the same number of classes. In this article a special focus is put on capacitor defects especially capacitor value defects. Therefore, they will be the main components tested. The fault detection indicator used in this proof of concept is a statistical mean squared error measure (MSE).
- Published
- 2019
26. Le pharmacien d'officine et le patient hypertendu
- Author
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Belghiti-Alaoui, Omar, Université de Lorraine (UL), Université de Lorraine, and Anne Maheut-Bosser
- Subjects
Conseil à l'officine ,Dissertation universitaire ,Pharmaciens ,Thèse d'exercice de pharmacie ,Hypertendus ,[SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences ,Hypertension artérielle - Abstract
La prise en charge de l'hypertension artérielle à l'officine constitue un enjeu majeur de santé publique en France. C'est dans ce contexte que s'insère ce travail visant à déterminer l'implication du pharmacien dans le parcours de soins des malades hypertendus. L'hypertension artérielle est une maladie silencieuse touchant une grande partie de la population. Elle constitue un facteur de risque important induisant des complications parfois sévères. De nombreuses recommandations pour son diagnostic et son traitement sont disponibles mais sont souvent débattues par les sociétés savantes qui peinent les uniformiser. Plusieurs approches thérapeutiques existent, tout comme les mesures de prévention. C'est ainsi que le pharmacien occupe dans un rôle décisif grâce à ses connaissances en physiopathologie et pharmacologie mais aussi grâce à son accessibilité. Ses principales missions sont donc la prévention et l'accompagnement afin de garantir une prise en charge optimale du malade et de sa pathologie. Etant donné la prévalence élevée de cette maladie, des questions médico-économiques se posent également et pour lesquelles des pistes existent. Ainsi ce travail a su fournir des réponses sur les activités du pharmacien dans la prise en charge du patient hypertendu.
- Published
- 2019
27. La couverture sanitaire universelle au Maroc : le rôle du ministère de la santé en tant qu’organisation apprenante
- Author
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UCL - SSS/IRSS - Institut de recherche santé et société, UCL - Faculté de santé publique, Macq, Jean, Meessen , Bruno, D'Hoore, William, Marchal, Bruno, De Brouwere, Vincent, Belghiti Alaoui, Abdelali, Bigdeli, Maryam, Akhnif, El houcine, UCL - SSS/IRSS - Institut de recherche santé et société, UCL - Faculté de santé publique, Macq, Jean, Meessen , Bruno, D'Hoore, William, Marchal, Bruno, De Brouwere, Vincent, Belghiti Alaoui, Abdelali, Bigdeli, Maryam, and Akhnif, El houcine
- Abstract
Through this thesis, we have explored the potential of the learning organization concept to create an organizational dynamic towards creativity and excellence in health organizations. Ministries of health can benefit from applying these attributes to meet the challenge of universal health coverage. This thesis helped to provide a state of knowledge on this concept through a structured review and allowed to examine its feasibility in the context of countries like Morocco to guide health policies with organizational learning processes. The results of this research showed the positive benefit the Ministry of Health can make by adopting the attributes of a learning organization. The adaptation of the analytical framework allowed us to facilitate reflection on a vision of what can be the adoption and application of this concept in the particular context of Morocco., (SP - Sciences de la santé publique) -- UCL, 2019
- Published
- 2019
28. Chronic kidney disease, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity in the adult population of Morocco: how to avoid 'over'- and 'under'-diagnosis of CKD
- Author
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El Hassane Trabelssi, Benyounes Ramdani, Marc E. De Broe, Naïma Benahadi, Rabia Bayahia, Monique Elseviers, Mohamed Zamd, Mohammed Benghanem Gharbi, and Abdelali Belghiti Alaoui
- Subjects
Blood Glucose ,Male ,Percentile ,030232 urology & nephrology ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Random Allocation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Prevalence ,030212 general & internal medicine ,education.field_of_study ,Proteinuria ,Age Factors ,Middle Aged ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Arabs ,Morocco ,Nephrology ,Creatinine ,Hypertension ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Glomerular Filtration Rate ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,Renal function ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sex Factors ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Diabetes Mellitus ,medicine ,Humans ,Obesity ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,education ,Aged ,Hematuria ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Endocrinology ,Blood pressure ,chemistry ,Human medicine ,business ,Kidney disease - Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in an adult Arabic-Berber population was investigated according to 2012 KDIGO guidelines. A stratified, randomized, representative sample of 10,524 participants was obtained. Weight, height, blood pressure, proteinuria (dipstick), plasma creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and fasting glycemia were measured. Abnormal results were controlled within 2 weeks; eGFR was retested at 3, 6, and 12 months. The population adjusted prevalences were 16.7% hypertension, 23.2% obesity, 13.8% glycemia, 1.6% for eGFR under 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) and confirmed proteinuria 1.9% and hematuria 3.4%. Adjusted prevalence of CKD was 5.1%; distribution over KDIGO stages: CKD1: 17.8%; CKD2: 17.2%; CKD3: 52.5% (3A: 40.2%; 3B: 12.3%); CKD4: 4.4%; CKD5: 7.2%. An eGFR distribution within the sex and age categories was constructed using the third percentile as threshold for decreased eGFR. A single threshold (under 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) eGFR classifying CKD3-5 leads to "overdiagnosis" of CKD3A in the elderly, overt "underdiagnosis" in younger individuals with eGFR over 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2), below the third percentile, and no proteinuria. By using the KDIGO guidelines in a correct way, "kidney damage" (confirmed proteinuria, hematuria) and the demonstration of chronicity of decreased eGFR
- Published
- 2016
29. New defect detection approach using near electromagnetic field probing for high density PCBAs New defect detection approach using near electromagnetic field probing of high density PCBAs
- Author
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El Belghiti Alaoui, Nabil, Tounsi, Patrick, Boyer, Alexandre, Viard, Arnaud, Équipe Énergie et Systèmes Embarqués (LAAS-ESE), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Équipe Intégration de Systèmes de Gestion de l'Énergie (LAAS-ISGE), ACTIA Automotive, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
- Subjects
PCB assembly production test ,contactless testing ,giant magnetoresistance ,Accessibility ,near field probes ,Testability ,magnetic sensors ,In-circuit test ,Design for Testability ,High density PCBA testing ,[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics - Abstract
International audience; With the density increase of today's printed circuit board assemblies (PCBA), the electronic fault detection methods reached their limits, in the same time the requirements of high reliability and robustness are greater. Industrials are obliged to reduce the number of physical test points and to find better-adapted test methods. Current test methods must be rethought to include a large panel of physical phenomena that can be used to detect electrical defects of components, absence, wrong value, and shorts at component level on the board under test (BUT). We will present the possibility of using electromagnetic signature to diagnose faulty components contactlessly. The technic consists in using small diameter near electromagnetic field probes which detect the field distribution over powered sensitive components. The biasing of the BUT is specifically chosen to enhance the sensitivity of the EM measurements. Reference EM signatures are extracted from a fault-free circuit, which will be compared to those extracted from a sample PCBA in which we introduced a component level defect by shorting, removing or changing the value of critical components. As a result, we will show that the amplitude of a specific harmonic acts as a sensing parameter, which is accurately related to the variation of the component value. Preferred presentation: [ ] Oral [ ] Poster [x] No preference Preferred track (please, tick one or number 1 to 3 tracks in order of preference: 1 = most suiting, 3 = least suiting) [2] A-Quality and Reliability Assessment Techniques and Methods for Devices and Systems [ ]
- Published
- 2018
30. New defect detection approach using near electromagnetic field probing of high density PCBAs
- Author
-
Patrick Tounsi, A. Boyer, Arnaud Viard, Nabil El Belghiti Alaoui, Équipe Énergie et Systèmes Embarqués (LAAS-ESE), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), ACTIA Automotive, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
- Subjects
Electromagnetic field ,Computer science ,Design for testing ,01 natural sciences ,In-circuit test ,Fault detection and isolation ,Printed circuit board ,Robustness (computer science) ,Electronic engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Testability ,High density PCBA testing ,010401 analytical chemistry ,contactless testing ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Accessibility ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,0104 chemical sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Magnetic field ,[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics ,PCB assembly production test ,giant magnetoresistance ,near field probes ,magnetic sensors ,Design for Testability - Abstract
International audience; With the density increase of today's printed circuit board assemblies (PCBA), the electronic fault detection methods reached their limits. In the same time the requirements of high reliability and robustness are greater. Industrials are obliged to find better-adapted test methods. Current test methods must be rethought to include a large panel of physical phenomena that can be used to detect electrical defects of components, absence, wrong value, and shorts at component level on the board under test (BUT). We will present the possibility of using electromagnetic signature to diagnose faulty components contactlessly. The technique consists in using magnetic field probes, which detect the field distribution over powered sensitive components. Reference EM signatures are extracted from a fault-free circuit, which will be compared to those extracted from a sample PCBA in which we introduced a component level defect by removing or changing the value of critical components to evaluate the relevance of the method.
- Published
- 2018
31. New testing approach using near electromagnetic field probing intending to upgrade in-circuit testing of high density PCBAs
- Author
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A. Boyer, Arnaud Viard, Nabil El Belghiti Alaoui, Patrick Tounsi, ACTIA Automotive, Équipe Énergie et Systèmes Embarqués (LAAS-ESE), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
- Subjects
Electromagnetic field ,Electromagnetics ,Computer science ,Near electromagnetic field ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Printed circuit board ,Robustness (computer science) ,law ,In-circuit test ,statistical PCBA testing ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electronic engineering ,High density PCBA testing ,Design for testability ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Accessibility ,Giant magnetoresistance sensors ,020202 computer hardware & architecture ,0104 chemical sciences ,[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics ,Capacitor ,Amplitude ,Contactless testing ,Physical test ,Testability - Abstract
International audience; With the density increase of today's printed circuit board assemblies (PCBA), the electronic test methods reached their limits, in the same time the requirements of high reliability and robustness are greater. Original equipment manufacturers are obliged to reduce the number of physical test points and to find better-adapted test methods. Current test methods must be rethought to include a large panel of physical phenomena that can be used to detect electrical defects of components, absence, wrong value, and shorts at component level on the board under test (BUT). We will present the possibility of using electromagnetic signature to diagnose faulty components contactlessly. The technique consists in using small diameter near electromagnetic field probes, which detect the field distribution over powered sensitive components. A giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensor was used as well to detect variations in low frequency components. The loading of the BUT is specifically chosen to enhance the sensitivity of the EM measurements. Reference EM signatures are extracted from a fault-free circuit, which will be compared to those extracted from a sample PCBA in which we introduced a component level defect by removing or changing the value of critical components. As a result, we will show that the amplitude of a specific harmonic acts as a sensing parameter, which is accurately related to the variation of the component value.
- Published
- 2018
32. Detecting PCB Assembly Defects Using Infrared Thermal Signatures
- Author
-
El Belghiti Alaoui, Nabil, primary, Tounsi, Patrick, additional, Boyer, Alexandre, additional, and Viard, Amaud, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Decision-making and health system strengthening: bringing time frames into perspective.
- Author
-
Alaoui, Abelali Belghiti, Brouwere, Vincent De, Meessen, Bruno, Bigdeli, Maryam, Belghiti Alaoui, Abelali, and De Brouwere, Vincent
- Subjects
TIME perspective ,DECISION making ,MIDDLE-income countries ,MEDICAL personnel ,DYNAMIC programming - Abstract
In many low-and middle-income countries, health systems decision-makers are facing a host of new challenges and competing priorities. They must not only plan and implement as they used to do but also deal with discontented citizens and health staff, be responsive and accountable. This contributes to create new political hazards susceptible to disrupt the whole execution of health plans. The starting point of this article is the observation by the first author of the limitations of the building-blocks framework to structure decision-making as for strengthening of the Moroccan health system. The management of a health system is affected by different temporalities, the recognition of which allows a more realistic analysis of the obstacles and successes of health system strengthening approaches. Inspired by practice and enriched thanks a consultation of the literature, our analytical framework revolves around five dynamics: the services dynamic, the programming dynamic, the political dynamic, the reform dynamic and the capacity-building dynamic. These five dynamics are differentiated by their temporalities, their profile, the role of their actors and the nature of their activities. The Moroccan experience suggests that it is possible to strengthen health systems by opening up the analysis of temporalities, which affects both decision-making processes and the dynamics of functioning of health systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The best use of sub-contracting and outsourcing
- Author
-
Abdelali Belghiti Alaoui and Jean Perrot
- Subjects
business.industry ,Business ,Industrial organization ,Outsourcing - Published
- 2017
35. Mortality prediction after elective cardiac surgery: new Machine Learning and Decision Curve Analysis approaches
- Author
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Belghiti Alaoui, Myriem, Université de Bordeaux (UB), Jérôme Allyn, and UB, Médecine
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Machine Learning ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Chirurgie cardiaque ,Score prédictif ,Decision Curve Analysis ,Mortalité post opératoire ,Euroscore II ,[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology - Abstract
Introduction. In cardiac surgery, morbi-mortality is important and the decision to operate is complex. Study purpose was to compare EuroSCORE II and Machine Learning to predict mortality after elective cardiac surgery via a Decision Curve Analysis (DCA). Methods. We conducted a retrospective monocentric study from December 2015 to December 2016, using a prospective data base, from the cardiac surgery unit of a University Hospital in Paris. Non elective cardiac surgery patients were excluded. The different models of prediction of in hospital mortality, including EuroSCORE II, Logistic Regression and Machine Learning, were compared by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) and a Decision Curve Analysis (DCA). Results. The study was carried among 6520 patients. Mortality rate was 6.3%. Average age was 63.4 years old and the average EuroSCORE II was 3.7%. Area under the ROC curve (IC 95%) for the Machine Learning 0.795 (0.755-0.834) model was significantly higher than the one of the EuroSCORE II and the Logistic Regression models (respectively 0.737 (0.691-0.783) and 0.742 (0.698-0.785, p, Introduction. En chirurgie cardiaque, la morbi-mortalité est importante et la décision d’opérer un patient est complexe. L’objectif de notre étude était de comparer l’EuroSCORE II au Machine Learning pour prédire la mortalité dans les suites d’une chirurgie cardiaque programmée via une Decision Curve Analysis (DCA). Matériel et Méthodes. Nous avons réalisé une étude rétrospective, monocentrique, entre décembre 2005 et décembre 2012, à partir d’une base de données prospective, au sein de l’unité de chirurgie cardiaque d’un Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire parisien. Les patients admis pour chirurgie cardiaque non programmée étaient exclus. Les différents modèles de prédiction de la mortalité hospitalière, incluant l’EuroSCORE II, le modèle de régression logistique et le modèle Machine Learning, étaient comparés via une courbe Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) et une DCA. Résultats. Il y avait 6520 patients. La mortalité hospitalière était de 6,3%. La moyenne d'âge était de 63,4 ans et l'EuroSCORE II moyen de 3,7 %. L'aire sous la courbe ROC (IC 95%) pour le modèle Machine Learning 0,795 (0,755-0,834) était significativement plus élevée que celle de l'EuroSCORE II et du modèle de Régression Logistique (respectivement 0,737 (0,691-0,783) et 0,742 (0,698-0,785, p
- Published
- 2017
36. New testing approach using near electromagnetic field probing intending to upgrade in-circuit testing of high density PCBAs
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El Belghiti Alaoui, Nabil, primary, Tounsi, Patrick, additional, Boyer, Alexandre, additional, and Viard, Arnaud, additional
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- 2018
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37. Chronic kidney disease, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity in the adult population of Morocco: how to avoid “over”- and “under”-diagnosis of CKD
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Benghanem Gharbi, Mohammed, primary, Elseviers, Monique, additional, Zamd, Mohamed, additional, Belghiti Alaoui, Abdelali, additional, Benahadi, Naïma, additional, Trabelssi, El Hassane, additional, Bayahia, Rabia, additional, Ramdani, Benyounès, additional, and De Broe, Marc E., additional
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- 2016
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38. Preventable maternal mortality in Morocco: the role of hospitals
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Vincent De Brouwere, Rachid Bezad, Fatima Zahra Meski, Saloua Abouchadi, and Abdelali Belghiti Alaoui
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Postnatal Care ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,Research methodology ,Population ,Primary health care ,Health services ,Pregnancy ,Cause of Death ,medicine ,Humans ,Maternal Health Services ,Quality of care ,education ,Quality of Health Care ,Gynecology ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Africa north ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Health Plan Implementation ,Hospital care ,Hospitals ,Pregnancy Complications ,Morocco ,Infectious Diseases ,Maternal Mortality ,Maternal Death ,Parasitology ,Female ,business - Abstract
Objective In 2009, the Ministry of Health of Morocco launched a national confidential enquiry around maternal deaths based on the newly implemented routine maternal death surveillance system (MDSS). The objective of this paper is to show the importance of substandard care among the factors associated with maternal deaths. Methods The Moroccan National Expert Committee (NEC) organised an audit of maternal deaths identified by the MDSS to determine the medical cause, the preventability of the deaths and the type of substandard care involved. Results Three hundred and three cases of maternal deaths were analysed for the year 2009. Direct causes accounted for 80.8%. 75.9% were considered avoidable by the NEC. The three main factors were insufficient follow-up of care in 45.6% of cases, inadequate treatment in 43.9% and delay in seeking care in 41.3%. The auditors found that 54.3% of all maternal deaths could have been avoided if appropriate action had been taken at the health facilities. Conclusion The audit of maternal deaths in Morocco enabled a better understanding of the circumstances contributing to maternal deaths and pinpointed that more than half of maternal deaths were associated with substandard care in hospitals. Objectif En 2009, le ministere de la Sante du Maroc a lance une enquete nationale confidentielle sur les deces maternels, sur la base du nouveau systeme mis en œuvre pour la surveillance systematique de la mortalite maternelle (SSMM). L'objectif de cet article est de montrer l'importance des soins de qualite inferieure aux normes, parmi les facteurs associes a la mortalite maternelle. Methodes Le Comite National d'Experts (CNE) Marocain a organise un audit des deces maternels identifies par la SSMM pour determiner la cause medicale, le caractere evitable du deces et le type de soins impliques, inferieurs aux normes. Resultats Of 303 cas de deces maternels ont ete analyses pour l'annee 2009. Les causes directes representaient 80.8%. Of 75.9% ont ete consideres comme evitables par le CNE. Les trois principaux facteurs etaient: un suivi insuffisant des soins dans 45.6% des cas, un traitement inadequat dans 43.9% et le retard dans le recours aux soins dans 41.3%. Les experts ont constate que 54.3% de tous les deces maternels auraient pu etre evites si des mesures appropriees avaient ete prises au niveau des etablissements de sante. Conclusion L'audit des deces maternels au Maroc a permis de mieux comprendre les circonstances qui contribuent a la mortalite maternelle et a revele que plus de la moitie des deces maternels etaient associes a des soins de qualite inferieure aux normes dans les hopitaux. Objetivo En el 2009 el Ministerio de Salud de Marruecos lanzo una encuesta confidencial a nivel nacional basada en el recientemente establecido programa de vigilancia de muertes maternas (PVMM). El objetivo de esta publicacion es mostrar la importancia de cuidados subestandar entre los factores asociados con las muertes maternas. Metodos El Comite Nacional de Expertos de Marruecos (CNEM) organizo una auditoria de las muertes maternas identificadas mediante el PVMM con el fin de determinar las causas medicas, la posibilidad de prevenir las muertes y el tipo de cuidados subestandar involucrados. Resultados Se analizaron 303 casos de muertes maternas para el ano 2009. Las causas directas eran responsables del 80.8% de las muertes. Un 75.9% fueron consideradas como prevenibles por el CNEM. Los tres factores principales eran un seguimiento insuficiente en un 45.6% de los casos, tratamiento inadecuado en un 43.9%, y un retraso en la busqueda de cuidados en un 41.3%. Los auditores encontraron que un 54.3% de todas las muertes maternas podrian haberse evitado si en los centros sanitarios se hubiesen realizado las acciones apropiadas. Conclusion La auditoria de muertes maternas en Marruecos nos permite entender mejor las circunstancias que contribuyen a las muertes maternas y senalan que mas de la mitad de estas muertes estaban asociadas a unos cuidados hospitalarios subestandar.
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- 2013
39. Implementing a maternal mortality surveillance system in Morocco - challenges and opportunities
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Fatima-Zahra Meski, A. Belghiti Alaoui, V. De Brouwere, and Saloua Abouchadi
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Adult ,Adolescent ,Population ,Pregnancy ,Environmental health ,Humans ,Medicine ,Medical history ,Registries ,education ,Reproductive health ,Cause of death ,education.field_of_study ,Population statistics ,business.industry ,Medical record ,Health Plan Implementation ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Mandatory Reporting ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Obstetric Labor Complications ,Morocco ,Maternal Mortality ,Infectious Diseases ,Population Surveillance ,Female ,Parasitology ,Maternal death ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe the development of the maternal death surveillance system (MDSS) in Morocco and discuss the initial results. METHOD: The nationwide MDSS was implemented in 2009 with the involvement of health professionals and local authorities. It comprises (i) notification of all deaths of women of reproductive age (from 15 to 49 years); (ii) a preliminary survey to identify pregnancy-related deaths; (iii) a confidential enquiry into all pregnancy-related deaths. The information thus obtained describes socio-demographic characteristics of the women their obstetric and medical history the mode of delivery its follow-up and the medical cause of death. RESULTS: From 1st of January 2009 to 31st of December 2009 3814 deaths of women of reproductive age were recorded and a total of 436 pregnancy-related deaths were identified with 73.4% of those occurring in health facilities. Among the 313 reviewed records 80.8% were direct obstetric deaths and 13.5% were classified as indirect. Haemorrhage was the first direct obstetric cause of death (33%). Heart disease was the main indirect obstetric cause of death (39% of indirect causes). CONCLUSION: The Moroccan MDSS is a powerful tool for understanding the causes and circumstances of maternal deaths. However challenges remain regarding the full coverage of the system the decentralisation of the data entry and analysis and the completeness of medical records. (c) 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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- 2012
40. Systemic Quality Improvement :The Moroccan case. 93004
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Belkaab, N., Sahel, Amina, Belghiti Alaoui, Abdelali, Dujardin, Bruno, Sayeh, Sati, Aglif, Saadia, Knobloch, U., Belkaab, N., Sahel, Amina, Belghiti Alaoui, Abdelali, Dujardin, Bruno, Sayeh, Sati, Aglif, Saadia, and Knobloch, U.
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info:eu-repo/semantics/published
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- 2010
41. Implementing a maternal mortality surveillance system in Morocco - challenges and opportunities
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Abouchadi, S., primary, Belghiti Alaoui, A., additional, Meski, F. Z., additional, and De Brouwere, V., additional
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- 2012
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42. Les traumatismes au Maroc: Estimation de leur importance et de leur type au sein des services d'urgence des hopîtaux.
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6th World Conference on Injury Prevention and Control. (12-15 May 2002: Montreal), Levêque, Alain, Belghiti Alaoui, Abdelali, Kessler, Walter, Jrondi, S., 6th World Conference on Injury Prevention and Control. (12-15 May 2002: Montreal), Levêque, Alain, Belghiti Alaoui, Abdelali, Kessler, Walter, and Jrondi, S.
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info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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- 2002
43. Nature of polysaccharids from extraction process of sucrose from beets
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Belghiti Alaoui, Abderrahim and Du Ccsd, Administrateur
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[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition ,Sucrerie sous production ,Physicochemical properties ,Polysaccharides-Composition ,Chemical composition ,Composition chimique ,Betterave à sucre ,Cristallisation ,Crystallization ,Extraction (chimie) ,Sugar refinery by product ,Propriété physicochimique - Abstract
Not available, Le but de ce travail était d'essayer de comprendre dans quelles mesures les non-sucres présents dans les sirops de sucre ont un effet néfaste sur la cristallisation du saccharose et sur la qualité du sucre obtenu. Pour réaliser cette étude nous avons étudié comparativement différents échantillons industriels de différents origines. Cette étude a nécessité la mise en œuvre d'un certain nombre de techniques de séparation et de fractionnement (ultrafiltration, dialyse, chromatographie d'échange d'ions et d'exclusion stérique...). La combinaison de ces méthodes nous a permis de montrer que l'EP2 danois contient davantage de polyosides de poids moléculaire supérieur à 10000 daltons à caractère non chargés que l'EP2 d'Eppeville. En revanche les fractions moléculaires comprises entre 2000 et 10000 daltons ne semblent pas montrer de différences significatives. On notera que les produits traités industriellement par des résines reminéralisantes et décolorantes ne comportent pratiquement plus de macromolécules. Le relargage à l'alcool des substances colloïdales est un test classique de contrôle, nous avons tenté de l'appliquer aux différents produits sucrés industriels. Nous avons ainsi pu montrer que les non-sucres des EP2 danois sont globalement moins hydrophile que ceux de la sucrerie française qui nous a servi de référence, ce résultat est intéressant car le sucre roux danois obtenu à partir de cet EP2 est de bien meilleure qualité que le sucre roux d'Eppeville. Les macromolécules présentes dans les sirops proviennent en partie de la dégradation des polysaccharides de la betterave qui ont échappé à l'épuration calco-carbonique industrielle, pour comprendre ce phénomène, nous avons montré que la dégradation alcaline des pulpes touche essentiellement les pectines, en revanche hémicelluloses et cellulose résistent bien aux pH basiques. Ce résultat est intéressant pour un approfondissement ultérieur de la connaissance de ces macromolécules. Enfin, dans un but d'application industrielle, nous nous sommes intéressés à l'étude de la valorisation des pulpes de betteraves (décoloration et prévention de l'oxydation des lipides présents) ainsi qu'à l'étude de différentes propriétés fonctionnelles du produit obtenu
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- 1993
44. 516 Rétinopathie pigmentaire (à propos de 5 cas)
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Bada, H., primary, Haloui, M., additional, Zenjouri, M., additional, Belghiti Alaoui, N., additional, Ouarrach, N., additional, El Belhadji, M., additional, Chakib, A., additional, Rachid, R., additional, Zaghloul, K., additional, and Amraoui, A., additional
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- 2008
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45. 492 Abaissement traditionnel du cristallin
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Belghiti Alaoui, N., primary, Ouarrach, N., additional, Zenjouri, M., additional, Chakib, A., additional, Zaghloul, K., additional, and Amraoui, A., additional
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- 2007
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46. 516 Rétinopathie pigmentaire (à propos de 5 cas)
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N. Ouarrach, M. Haloui, M. Zenjouri, M. El Belhadji, R. Rachid, A. Amraoui, Abderrahim Chakib, H. Bada, N. Belghiti Alaoui, and K. Zaghloul
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Ophthalmology - Abstract
Introduction La retinopathie pigmentaire dont la prevalence est de 1/4000, designe un ensemble de dystrophies retiniennes hereditaires caracterisees par des depots pigmentaires au fond d’œil, une hemeralopie et un retrecissement du champ visuel. Le but de notre travail est d’etudier le profil epidemiologique, genetique, ainsi que les traitements disponibles. Materiels et Methodes Etude retrospective a propos de 5 cas de retinopathie pigmentaire colliges dans notre service entre le 1er janvier 2003 et le 31 decembre 2006. Resultats - Âge moyen de debut : 21.5 ans avec une predominance masculine. - Enquete familiale : 65 % de cas consanguins. - ERG et PEV eteints dans 40 % des cas. - Evolution de l’acuite visuelle marquee par une aggravation progressive. Discussion - Environ 80 a 90 % des retinopathies pigmentaires ont une recessivite autosomique, les premiers troubles apparaissent le plus souvent pendant l’âge scolaire sous forme d’une hemeralopie progressive. - En perimetrie, on met en evidence un scotome annulaire, le tableau clinique est caracterise par des depots pigmentaires retiniens pseudo-osteoblastiques, retrecissements arteriels et une pâleur papillaire. - Le gene RPGR est implique dans environ 13 % de toutes les RP. - Aucun traitement ne permet pour le moment de guerir ces maladies, mais les progres therapeutiques continuent : effet benefique de la vitamine A dans la conservation du champ visuel, therapie genique, approche de neuroprotection, approche pharmacologique (inhibiteurs calciques), greffe de bâtonnets. Conclusion Affection grave d’evolution progressive dont le pronostic est sombre. Interet du conseil genetique : deconseiller les mariages consanguins.
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- 2008
47. 492 Abaissement traditionnel du cristallin
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N. Ouarrach, N. Belghiti Alaoui, Abderrahim Chakib, M. Zenjouri, A. Amraoui, and K. Zaghloul
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Ophthalmology - Abstract
Introduction La cataracte senile est encore aujourd’hui au Maroc la principale cause de cecite. La technique la plus ancienne, connue depuis l’antiquite et pratiquee encore jusqu’au XIX e siecle en Europe, consistait a luxer le cristallin dans le vitre grâce a un stylet introduit dans l’œil au niveau de la sclere. Cette technique d’abaissement du cristallin, appelee « dadsie » au Maroc, peu fiable, persiste encore dans certains pays causant des dommages irreversibles. Materiels et Methodes Une quarantaine de cas (46) a ete colligee au service d’ophtalmologie durant les 5 dernieres annees. L’âge moyen des patients est de 70 ans, tous sont analphabetes ; la « dadsie » etait bilaterale dans 20 % des cas ; l’acuite visuelle apres correction etait inferieure a 1/10 dans 75 % des cas ; les patients devenaient monophtalmes dans 25 % des cas. Les complications sont majoritairement representees par la panophtalmie qui a conduit a l’evisceration dans 25 % des cas, mais aussi la dystrophie de cornee, presente dans plus de la moitie des cas, l’hypertonie oculaire, l’organisation vitreenne et le decollement de retine. Discussion Le traitement medical visait a lutter contre l’hypertonie (il etait parfois debute par le guerisseur qui prescrivait de l’acetazolamide ainsi qu’une pommade cortisonee…) mais aussi contre l’infection. Le traitement chirurgical a consiste en l’extraction du cristallin a l’anse et crochet, une vitrectomie avec l’utilisation de dekaline, voire l’evisceration. Plusieurs facteurs ont contribue au choix de cette methode dangereuse par le patient, notamment la difficulte d’acces aux structures hospitalieres et le prix de la « dadsie » aux alentours de 80 euros. Conclusion Les conclusions de ce travail soulignent le danger encouru par les patients victimes de cette pratique archaique existant encore dans plusieurs pays en voie de developpement.
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- 2007
48. La couverture sanitaire universelle au Maroc : le rôle du ministère de la santé en tant qu’organisation apprenante
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Akhnif, El houcine, UCL - SSS/IRSS - Institut de recherche santé et société, UCL - Faculté de santé publique, Macq, Jean, Meessen , Bruno, D'Hoore, William, Marchal, Bruno, De Brouwere, Vincent, Belghiti Alaoui, Abdelali, and Bigdeli, Maryam
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Couverture universelle en santé ,Organisation apprenante ,Ministère de la santé - Abstract
Through this thesis, we have explored the potential of the learning organization concept to create an organizational dynamic towards creativity and excellence in health organizations. Ministries of health can benefit from applying these attributes to meet the challenge of universal health coverage. This thesis helped to provide a state of knowledge on this concept through a structured review and allowed to examine its feasibility in the context of countries like Morocco to guide health policies with organizational learning processes. The results of this research showed the positive benefit the Ministry of Health can make by adopting the attributes of a learning organization. The adaptation of the analytical framework allowed us to facilitate reflection on a vision of what can be the adoption and application of this concept in the particular context of Morocco. (SP - Sciences de la santé publique) -- UCL, 2019
- Published
- 2019
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