Search

Aminoalcohol precursor of carbocyclic analogues of nucleosides (±)-cis-3-aminomethyl-1-indanylmethanol was efficiently synthesized starting from benzonorbornadiene (5) previously prepared by addition of cyclopentadiene to 1-bromo-2-fluorobenzene.

Cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues containing guanine and 8-azaguanine (compounds 5-10) were prepared from (1R,cis)-3-aminomethyl-2,2-dimethylcyclobutylmethanol (1). All were evaluated as antiviral and antitumoral agents in a variety of assay systems. Compounds 6 and 7 showed a noteworthy activity against a respiratory syncytial virus and compound 10 was moderately active against vaccinia virus. Only compound 5 showed some cytostatic activity.

Seven new carbocyclic nucleosides derived from indan (1a-g) were efficiently prepared from 1,2-indanedimethanol via Mitsunobu reaction with 6-chloroadenine and subsequent introduction of the appropriate substituent.

A new series of 6-substituted purinylcarbonucleosides derivatives of indan, 8a-g and 10a-d, was synthesized from (′)-cis-1,3-indandimethanol acetate (5), which was prepared in three steps from benzonorbornadiene. 6-Chloropurine was introduced both by Mitsunobu reaction with 5 and by substitution of the mesylate 6, Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the protected 6-chloropurine derivative 7 with substituted phenylboronic acids afforded 9a-d (protected purine derivatives with substituted phenyl rings at position 6); deprotection of the latter yielded the new series of purinylcarbonucleoside indan derivatives 10a-d. Treatment of compound 7 with R'H/NaOH afforded a parallel series 8a-g, with alkoxy or amino groups R' at position 6 instead of substituted phenyl rings.

The aim of this study was to analyze surgery and survival data in the midterm after aortic root and (or) ascending aorta reoperations and compare these results with those obtained after first time surgery.Over a 6-year period, 365 patients underwent an aortic root and (or) ascending aorta surgery procedure at our center. Mean patient age was 63.1 + or - 25.5 years; 27.1% were women. Fifty-eight patients had had prior ascending aorta and (or) aortic valve surgery (group I) and the remaining 307 patients were assigned to an initial surgery group (II). The reoperative procedures were Bentall in 45 (77.6%), ascending aorta and valve replacement in 8 (13.8%), and ascending aorta replacement in 5 (8.6%).The reoperation group showed a worse preoperative risk profile indicated by a higher logistic European system for cardiac operative risk evaluation: group I (26.9) versus group II (9.9) (p0.0001). Hospital mortality was 7 of 58 (12.1%) in group I and 21 of 207 (6.8%) in group II (p = 0.18; relative risk 1.9 [0.8 to 4.6]). After adjusting for the different variables, reoperation could not be identified as an independent predictor of postoperative morbidity. Survival rates (including in-hospital mortality) were lower in group I at one year (77.9 + or - 1.11% vs 91.9 + or - 0.3%) and at 3 years (75.3 + or - 0.11% vs 88.9 + or - 0.03% [log-rank p = 0.005]). In the multivariate analysis, reoperation (p = 0.01; hazard ratio 2.6 [1.2 to 5.3]) was a determining factor for survival once corrected for variables predicting mortality during follow-up.Reoperations on the ascending aorta and aortic root showed acceptable morbidity and mortality. Their midterm survival was lower than for patients not requiring a repeat operation.

The endo and exo isomers of (+/-)-methyl 2-hydroxy-2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-3-carboxylates and the in situ-prepared endo and exo isomers of (+/-)-methyl 2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-3-carboxylate were treated with diphenylphosphinic chloride (OPClPh(2)) and chlorodiphenylphosphine (ClPPh(2)) to afford the corresponding phosphorylated bicycles. The structure of all these compounds was unequivocally determined by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, and, based on the results obtained, a mechanistic scheme for the phosphorylation reaction of these adducts to afford the corresponding phosphorylbicycles is proposed.

Cancer is the leading cause of death among men and women under age 85. Every year, millions of individuals are diagnosed with cancer. But finding new drugs is a complex, expensive, and very time-consuming task. Over the past decade, the cancer research community has begun to address the in silico modeling approaches, such as Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR), as an important alternative tool for targeting potential anticancer drugs. With the compilation of a large dataset of nucleosides synthesized in our laboratories, or elsewhere, and tested in a single cytotoxic assay under the same experimental conditions, we recognized a unique opportunity to attempt to build predictive QSAR models. Early efforts with 2D classification models built from part of this dataset were very encouraging. Here we report a further detailed evaluation of classification models to flag potential anticancer activities derived from a variety of 3D molecular representations. A quantitative 3D-model model that discriminates anticancer compounds from the inactive ones was attained, which allowed the correct classification of 82 % of compounds in such a large and diverse dataset, with only 5 % of false inactives and 11 % of false actives. The model developed here was then used to select and design a new series of nucleosides, by classifying beforehand them as active/inactive anticancer compounds. From the compounds so designed, 22 were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the proliferation of murine leukemia cells (L1210/0), of which 86 % were well-classified as active or inactive, and only two were false actives, corroborating the good predictive ability of the present discriminant model. The results of this study thus provide a valuable tool for the design of novel potent anticancer nucleoside analogues.

Objetivos Comparar la reseccion cuadrangular frente al uso de neocuerdas en el tratamiento del prolapso del componente P2 del velo posterior mitral en lo referente a la evolucion clinica, durabilidad y parametros ecocardiograficos. Material y metodos Estudio longitudinal prospectivo. Durante un periodo de 5 anos fueron intervenidos 60 pacientes por prolapso aislado de P2, con una edad media de 63,9 (desviacion estandar [DE] 13,1) anos, 17 mujeres (28,3%). En 35 se realizo reseccion cuadrangular (grupo I) y en 25 se utilizo neocuerdas de politetrafluoroetileno (PTFE) (grupo II). Fueron implantadas una media de 2,9 (DE 1,4) neocuerdas/paciente en el grupo II. Se analizaron durante el seguimiento los resultados clinicos (evento combinado: reintervencion, reingreso o muerte de causa cardiaca) y ecocardiograficos. Resultados Se observo una distribucion homogenea del riesgo preoperatorio, EuroSCORE grupo I 2,5 (interquartile range [IQR] 5,1) frente a grupo II 3,3 (IQR 4,4) (p = 0,67). No hubo diferencias de mortalidad ni complicaciones postoperatorias. Con un seguimiento medio de 37,9 (DE 19,1) meses se observo un tiempo libre de infarto de miocardio (IM) ≥ 2 a los 36 y 48 meses de 97 ± 0,03% y 87,3 ± 0,1% en el grupo I frente a 96,2 ± 0,03% y 85,7 ± 0,13% en el grupo II ( log-rank: p = 0,69). El tiempo libre de evento combinado a los 36 y 48 meses fue similar en ambos grupos (grupo I: 93,4 ± 0,04% y 73,3 ± 0,1% vs grupo II: 95,7 ± 0,04% y 67,8 ± 0,3%; log-rank: p = 0,64). Los demas parametros ecocardiograficos (presion sistolica de la arteria pulmonar [PSAP], diametros auricula izquierda [AI] y ventriculo izquierdo [VI]) fueron similares en ambos grupos durante el seguimiento. Conclusiones La reseccion cuadrangular y el uso de neocuerdas de PTFE muestran resultados similares a medio plazo en lo referente a durabilidad, evolucion clinica y parametros ecocardiograficos.

Se evaluaron 28 introducciones de Hemarthria altissima de acuerdo a su vigor de establecimiento y rendimiento de materia seca (MS). Utilizando los criterios de los mayores rendimientos de MS en corte cada 60 días durante los períodos de días largos y cortos y el total de rendimiento anual en 1988-89 y 1989-90, además de la infestación por yerbajos, se seleccionaron las mejores cinco introducciones para efectos de la presente discusión. De estas cinco selecciones PIPR 13188 y 13207 consistentemente dieron mayor rendimiento de MS en días cortos y durante la totalidad del experimento. En las épocas de días largos de 1988 y 1989 los rendimientos de MS fueron muy semejantes sin haber diferencias significativas entre las cinco introducciones. En la época de días cortos de 1989-90 la introducción PIPR 13188 resultó significativamente superior en rendimientos de MS en relación a las introducciones PIPR 13208, 13206 y 13202. Por otra parte, la introducción PIPR 13207 mostró la menor tasa de infestación por yerbajos en ambos años. En términos del desarrollo al establecimiento las introducciones PIPR 13188 y 13207 se comportaron dentro del promedio. En relación a la capacidad de cobertura del suelo, a las 16 semanas del establecimiento las introducciones PIPR 13188 y 13207 fueron las de mayor desarrollo vertical. La introducción PIPR 13207 resultó excelente en su desarrollo al establecimiento expresado como plantas por metro cuadrado. Además de ser las mejores en rendimiento de MS, las introducciones PIPR 13188 y 13207 mostraron buena adaptación en términos de su capacidad de desarrollo al establecimiento.

(+)-8-Phenylneomenthol 2, the structure of which was confirmed by X-ray analysis of its 3,5-dinitrobenzoate, was efficiently prepared from commercially available (−)-8-phenylmenthol 3 by oxidation with the Sarett reagent, followed by L-Selectride reduction of the (+)-8-phenylmenthone 6 thus formed.

Free fatty acids were derivatized as amides (DFFA) by reaction with (R)-(+)-1-phenylethylamine, using a simple, fast and robust reaction scheme. A HPLC method with diode array and ESI MS detection was developed for the analysis of the derivatized substances. Six fatty acids were used in the method development: myristic, linoleic, palmitic, oleic, margaric and stearic acids. Under these conditions the elution of the DFFA are well resolved with retention times raging from 6.9 to 16.0 min. Fatty acids were extracted from cemetery soil and from adipocere formation experimental soils using a Soxhlet extraction, using as solvent ether/dichloromethane (1:1). Each DFFA is characterized by three m/z peaks: molecular weight of the substance; molecular weight of a dimer of the substance; the molecular weight of the dimer plus the atomic mass of sodium. The analysis of soil samples detected the six fatty acids used in the method developed plus palmitoleic and pentadecanoic. Beside this set of eight fatty acids other 13 fatty acids were detected in trace quantities or only in some soils and some were tentatively assigned as: 10-hydroxystearic, myristoleic, heptadecenoic and arachidic acids.

A number of novel xanthines bearing a variety of substituents at positions 1, 3, 7 and 8 were prepared and evaluated for their binding affinity to the human adenosine receptor A(1), A(2A), A(2B) and A(3) subtypes. Several of the 1,3,8- and 1,3,7,8-substituted xanthines showed moderate-to-high affinity at human A(2B) and A(1) receptors, with the most active compound (14q) having a pK(i) of 7.57 nM for hA(2B) receptors and a selectivity over hA(2A) receptors of 8.1-fold and hA(1) receptors of 3.7-fold.

Patients undergoing coronary re-operations have a higher risk profile. Also reoperations are technically more demanding and can be very challenging to perform. This patient group commonly has severe and diffuse distal coronary artery disease and aortic and non-cardiac atherosclerosis. Some technical hazards, including the presence of patent arterial grafts and/or diseased vein grafts are common. A careful preoperative assessment and planning of the surgical technique are mandatory.

Re-operative heart-valve replacement is a high-risk procedure and even more so in elderly patients. Another option in high-risk patients with a degenerated aortic xenograft is the implant of a second aortic bioprosthesis using a transcatheter approach. We report two cases of patients with a severely degenerated porcine aortic bioprosthesis who were successfully treated by a transapical valve-in-a-valve implantation. # 2009 European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Four typical soils of the Porto (Portugal) area were characterized and used to study the decomposition of buried pieces of pork meat under controlled laboratory experiments (an 8 month experiment with a relatively high soil moisture and a 1 month experiment with relatively low soil moisture). The soils types were: organic, sandy, gravel and clay-gravel soils. Soils were characterized for their grain size distribution, pH, water content, organic matter percentage and mineral composition. Four free fatty acids (myristic, palmitic, oleic and stearic) were analysed (using a methodology based on an extraction step followed by a derivatization reaction and high performance liquid chromatography analysis) in soil samples as a sign of adipocere formation. The direct sensorial analysis of the buried sample residues and the free fatty acids profiles of the sampled soils showed that sandy and clay-gravel soils (in a low moisture environment) slowed the normal decomposition process promoting the formation of adipocere. Nevertheless, this apparent soil effect is indirect and a consequence of the different water retention and permeability of the soils. Thus, the water content of the soils is a crucial factor for adipocere formation.

In the title compound, C20H20NO4P, the dihedral angle between the phenyl rings is 68.52 (7) . In the crystal structure, the molecules are linked by a weak C—H(arene) interaction along [010] involving the phenyl CH group and the phenyl rings. There are no further significant intermolecular interactions This work was supported by the Centro de Investigaçao em Química of the University of Porto. The X-ray data were collected at the Unidade de Raios X, RIAIDT, University of Santiago de Compostela. The authors thank Antonio L. Llamas-Saiz for his help and the Fundaçao para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) and Xunta de Galicia for financial support (grants POCTI/QUI/44471/2002 and 07CSA008203-PR, respectively). CADS thanks the FCT for grant No. SFRH/BD/ 31526/2006 SI

Se midió la persistencia y la producción forrajera de nueve variedades (ocho Hemarthria y una Cynodon) bajo la técnica de pastoreo grupal durante 387 días. En la época de días cortos la variedad H. altissima USDAPI 364888 produjo la mayor cantidad de forraje seco sin diferir significativamente (P

Se evaluó el potencial de producción de 11 genotipos de P. maximun cortados cada 45 días. En las épocas de días largos y cortos y durante el año entero la selección PRPI 3637 y 3622 fueron las de mayor producción de materia seca. PRPI 12917 (cultivar Makueny) no tuvo diferencias significativas en producción de materia seca sobre PRPI 3637 ni PRPI 3622 en los días cortos, pero durante los días largos solo fue significativamente inferior que PRPI 3637. Los estimados de digestibilidad verdadera in vitro con la ecuación sumativa de Arroyo-Aguilú y Coward-Lord fueron similares para la mayor parte de los genotipos evaluados. Los genotipos PRPI 3637 y 3734 mostraron consistentemente los más altos promedios de porcentajes de rebrote y mostraron mejor capacidad para recobrar que los demás genotipos evaluados.

Jose E. Rodriguez-Borges,* Sofia Goncalves, Maria Luisa do Vale, Xerardo Garcia-Mera, Alberto Coelho, and Eddy Sotelo CIQ-Departamento de Quimica, Faculdade de Ciencias, UniVersidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal, and Departamento de Quimica Organica and Instituto de Farmacia Industrial, Facultade de Farmacia, UniVersidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Spain

Lately, Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) studies have been afar used to predict anticancer activity taking into account different molecular descriptors, statistical techniques, cell lines and data set of congeneric and non-congeneric compounds. Herein we report a QSAR study based on a TOPological Sub-structural Molecular Design (TOPS-MODE) approach, aiming at predicting the anticancer leukemia activity of a diverse data set of indolocarbazoles derivatives. Finally, several aspects of the structural activity relationships are discussed in terms of the contribution of different bonds to the anticancer activity, thereby making the relationship between structure and biological activity more transparent.

The 12th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry session Computational Chemistry The acid-catalyzed [3+2] and [4+2] cycloadditions between methyl glyoxylate oxime (1) and cyclopentadiene were investigated using various Lewis and/or Bronsted acids at different temperatures in dichloromethane as solvent. Besides the expected new adducts, (±)-methyl [(3-exo)-2-hydroxy-2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene]-3-carboxylate (2) and (±)-methyl [(3-endo)-2-hydroxy-2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene]-3-carboxylate (3) a third addict, (±) methyl (1R,4R,5R)-(2-ox-3-azabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-7-ene)-4-carboxylate (4), whose formation can be explained by a concerted 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, was obtained. Yields and product ratios were found to be more dependent on the catalyst than on the temperature; these results and the stereochemistry of the adducts, confirmed by spectroscopic data (1H and 13C NMR) and by X-ray cycloadditions This work was supported by Centro de Investigação em Química of University of Porto. The authors thank the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) for financial support of this work under project POCTI/QUI/44471/2002 (Pluri-annual and Programmatic Funding) and for the grant to C. A. D. Sousa (SFRH/BD/31526/2006)

The 12th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry session Bioorganic Chemistry and Natural Products Starting from (±)-trans- and (±)-cis-3-hydroxymethyl-1-indanol, novel 6-substituted purinylcarbanucleoside derivatives of indan (5, 6, 9, 10, 15 and 17) were synthesized through a key coupling reaction with 6-chloropurine under Mitsunobu conditions. Suzuki–Miyaura reactions of the protected 6-chloropurine derivative with different arylboronic acids afforded the corresponding 6-arylpurinylcarbanucleoside derivatives. Finally, three new 5-halouracilcarbanucleosides (19, 20 and 21) were prepared by reaction of uracilcarbanucleoside 18 with different N-halosuccinimides. All of the new analogues were evaluated for antiviral activity against a wide variety of viruses The authors thank the Xunta de Galicia for financial support of this work under projects PGIDT05PXIB20301PR and 07CSA008203PR

The 12th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry session General Organic Synthesis Ethyl 2-(diisopropoxyphosphoryl)-2H-azirine-3-carboxylate was generated “in situ” and reacted with a number of 1,3-butadienes. Cycloadducts, or in one case an ensuing rearranged product, were isolated with moderate to good yields The authors thank Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, CIQA-Centro de Investigação em Química do Algarve and Xunta de Galicia for financial support under project 07CSA008203PR

The 12th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry session Computational Chemistry Cancer is among the top ten causes of death in the world but in spite of the efforts of the pharmaceutical companies and many governmental organizations, new and more effective drugs are urgently needed. Computer assisted studies have been widely used to predict anticancer activity taking into account different molecular descriptors, statistical techniques, cell lines and data sets of congeneric and non-congeneric compounds. This paper describes a QSAR study and the successful application of 3D-MoRSE descriptors for developing Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) to predict the anticancer potential of a diverse set of indolocarbazoles derivatives. Despite the structural complexity of this sort of compounds the used descriptors are able to identify the most remarkable features like the incidence of polarizability of the substituents and the interatomic distance in the 7-azaindole moiety in the antiproliferative activity. A comparison with other approaches such as the Getaway, Randic molecular profile, Geometrical, RDF descriptors, was carried out showing the model with 3D-MoRSE descriptors resulted in the best accuracy and predictive capability. An LDA based desirability analysis was conducted to select the levels of the predictor variables which should generate more desirable drugs, i.e. with higher posterior probability to be classified cytotoxic The authors acknowledge the Portuguese Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) (SFRH/BDP/24512/2005) and Cuban Higher Education Ministry (R&D project number 6.181-2006) for financial support

Se evaluó el potencial de adaptación de 20 forrajes utilizando la técnica de apacentamiento simulado (corte a intervalos de 21 y 28 días durante épocas de días largos y cortos, respectivamente) durante 1 1/2 año en Corozal. La mayoría de las 12 cultivares de Cynodon fueron susceptibles al ataque de hongos durante un período altamente lluvioso, a excepción de C. nlemfuensis PRPI 2341 y C. plectostachyus PRPI 12949. Ninguna de las ocho cultivares de Hemarthria altissima fue susceptible. Las Cynodon fueron susceptibles a daños por insectos considerados entre moderados y severos y las Hemarthria entre leves y moderados. Once cultivares de Cynodon demostraron resistencia entre pobre y moderada a la infestación por yerbajos durante los días largos. Las cultivares de H. altissima fueron excelentes o buenas en relación a tolerancia a la infestación por yerbajos. La producción de materia seca de cuatro cultivares de H. altissima (PRPI 13202, 13178 y USDAPI 379617 y 364873) fue alta en las épocas de días cortos y largos. Además, mostraron excelentes características de desarrollo (altura y cobertura) y tolerancia a insectos, enfermedades y yerbajos. El uso de la técnica de apacentamiento simulado, combinado con evaluaciones agronómicas, mostró ser un buen método de selección para evaluar el potencial de muchas introducciones de gramíneas en un corto tiempo.

Glyoxylates of three chiral alcohols were conveniently prepared by reaction of the alcohol with oxalyl chloride followed by reduction of the resulting alkoxy oxalyl chloride with tributyl- tin hydride. The products were isolated in 75-80% yield by straightforward flash chromatography.

The effect of different alkalizing agents of urine on the isolation of leptospiras was studied. Better results were obtained on using the basic solution of NaOH 1N inoculated in urine one hour after being alkalized.

The cancer research community has begun to address the in silico modeling approaches, such as quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR), as an important alternative tool for screening potential anticancer drugs. With the compilation of a large dataset of nucleosides synthesized in our laboratories, or elsewhere, and tested in a single cytotoxic assay under the same experimental conditions, we recognized a unique opportunity to attempt to build predictive QSAR models. Here, we report a systematic evaluation of classification models to probe anticancer activity, based on linear discriminant analysis along with 2D-molecular descriptors. This strategy afforded a final QSAR model with very good overall accuracy and predictability on external data. Finally, we search for similarities between the natural nucleosides, present in RNA/DNA, and the active nucleosides well-predicted by the model. The structural information then gathered and the QSAR model per se shall aid in the future design of novel potent anticancer nucleosides.

STEM PROPAGATION OF TWO GUINEA GRASS CULTIVARS AT SIX MATURITY STAGES AND TWO CUTTING HEIGHTS

Serological and genetic methods were used to study 18 leptospiral strains isolated from patients with leptospirosis in 3 Cuban provinces. The strains were grouped by microscopic agglutination with 8 polyclonal antisera. Nine monoclonal antibodies served to determine the strain serovars. Alternatively, DNA was extracted from these strains and applied by a polymerase chain reaction system described for pathogenic leptospiras. Amplified DNA was digested by restriction enzymes Alu I and Hae III. MAT grouped the strains among serogroups Ballum, Ponoma, Canicula and Icterohaemorrhagiae. Monoclonal antibodies determined the serovars of seven of the studied strains. For all the strains, an amplified fragment of 631 pb was obtained by polymerase chain reaction. The analysis of the amplified product with restriction enzymes revealed similar patterns of restriction in all the strains. The used methods made it possible to identify all the strains at different levels. It is also pointed out that the use of monoclonal antibodies allowed to typify seven strains up to the serovar level.

Forty one serum specimens from critical patients who were suspected of having human leptospirosis were studied by using simultaneously convencional test Lepto-dipstick and serogroup microagglutination test (MAT) with live antigens. Different reactivity levels were reached in 26 tested samples by Lepto-dipstick. This assay and MAT coincided in 85,4% of results. It was confirmed that Lepto-dipstick detects antibodies to various leptospiral serovars and that the degree of intensity of the band staining corresponded with the level of detected antibodies by MAT. The implementation of Lepto-dipstick in the diagnosis of human leptospirosis allows providing a rapid response to the medical staff in charge of the studied cases. This proved that Lepto-dipstick is a rapid method that is easy-to-read and interpret.

A 37-year-old man, a construction worker, presented to the emergency department with chest pain. He was a smoker with no other relevant clinical history, with the exception of a liver hydatidosis treated successfully by surgery 20 years before. The pain was substernal, started at rest, had a relatively rapid onset, and worsened by lying down and with deep breathing. There was no history of recent respiratory tract infection or fever. On arrival, the vital parameters were normal. At physical examination, a friction rub was audible, and no signs of cardiac tamponade were present. The ECG showed diffuse ST-segment elevation with upward concavity (Figure 1). Chest radiography revealed a mild enlargement of the cardiac silhouette. Hemogram, creatine kinase, and troponins were normal; erythrocyte sedimentation rates were markedly increased (80 mm/h). The diagnosis of acute pericarditis was made, and treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was initiated. Figure 1. Twelve-lead ECG. Diffuse ST-segment elevation with upward concavity is seen. Two-dimensional echocardiography detected moderate pericardial effusion …

Rasagiline is a compound with important neuroprotective activity applicable to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. This work describes an easy and straightforward methodology to the synthesis of new propargylated rasagiline analogues derived from commercially available 6,7-dihydro-5 H -cyclopenta[ b ]pyridine.

Summary of ACOG recommendations concerning combination oral contraceptives and cardiovascular risk 2 Smoking Combination oral contraceptives should be prescribed with caution, if ever, to women who A are older than 35 years and are smokers. Diabetes The use of combination contraceptives by women with diabetes should be limited to such women who do B not smoke, are younger than 35 years, and are otherwise healthy with no evidence of hypertension, nephropathy, retinopathy, or other vascular disease. HTN Women with well-controlled and monitored hypertension who are aged ≤35 years are appropriate candidates B for a trial of combination contraceptives, provided they are otherwise healthy, show no evidence of end-organ vascular disease, and do not smoke. Hyperlipidemia Most women with controlled dyslipidemia can use combination oral contraceptives formulated C with ≤35 mcg estrogen. In women with uncontrolled LDL cholesterol >160 mg/dL, a triglyceride level >250 mg/dL, or multiple additional risk factors for coronary artery disease, alternative contraceptives should be considered. CAD, CHF, CVD Progestin-only contraceptives may be appropriate for women with coronary artery disease, C congestive heart failure, or cerebrovascular disease. However, combination contraceptives are contraindicated in these women.

A new and general method is described for the synthesis, in three steps and in good overall yields, of tetrasubstituted xanthines from an easily prepared imidazole precursor. The method is especially useful for the preparation in standardized conditions of series of xanthines combining a broad variety of primary or secondary alkyl, benzyl or aryl groups at N1 and of alkyl or arylmethyl groups at N3, that are not readily available by other methods.

The number of patients with end-stage renal failure requiring dialysis keeps increasing every year. Many of these patients also suffer from peripheral arterial disease. We report the case of a middle age woman receiving dialysis who had undergone amputation of both lower limbs and suffered multiple deep venous thrombosis. Therefore, peripheral accesses for venous dialysis were not available. A catheter had to be implanted right into the right atrium.