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Researchers at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences discussed a successful case of intervention for traumatic central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in a 47-year-old woman with controlled comorbidities. The patient experienced significant ischemic damage following a traumatic injury, but her visual acuity improved from 2/10 to 10/10 with intervention. The case highlights the importance of early recognition and intervention in managing traumatic CRAO to prevent irreversible retinal damage and the need for enhanced diagnostic and therapeutic strategies as understanding of the condition's pathophysiology advances. [Extracted from the article]

A study utilizing data from the UK Biobank aimed to establish normative ranges for retinal vascular measurements to assess ocular and systemic health. Among 10,151 healthy participants, the study reported normative values for 114 retinal vascular measurements, stratified by sex and age. The findings showed that age and systolic blood pressure had the strongest associations with most retinal parameters, with changes in arterial measurements generally greater than for venous measurements. The study's results provide quantifiable approaches to better understand retinal vascular changes. [Extracted from the article]

A research report from Wenzhou Medical University in the People's Republic of China discusses the causes of retinal arterial microaneurysm combined with branch retinal artery occlusion. The study found that complications during photocoagulation therapy, intraretinal hemorrhage, and embolus dislodgement can lead to these conditions, which can cause acute vision loss. The research emphasizes the importance of ophthalmologists paying attention not only to the patient's fundus but also to systemic diseases. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Zhejiang Chinese Medical University utilized spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to analyze retinal blood vessels in patients with diabetic nephropathy. The study found significant differences in retinal artery and vein parameters among different groups of patients based on urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR). The researchers concluded that the full-pixel semantic segmentation method combined with OCT images could serve as a new technology for early diagnosis and prediction of the severity of diabetic nephropathy. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Devers Eye Institute in Portland, Oregon, focused on retinal vascular resistance in glaucoma research. The study found that vascular resistance indices were consistently higher in the superior retina compared to the inferior retina, both in individuals with glaucoma and those without ocular pathology. The researchers concluded that further investigation is needed to understand the causes and consequences of these findings. This peer-reviewed research sheds light on potential links between retinal vascular resistance and glaucomatous visual field loss. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Shanghai Jiao Tong University conducted a systematic review on the administration method and potential efficacy of hyaluronidase for hyaluronic acid filler-related vision loss. The study included 144 cases of vision loss related to filler injections, with most cases reported in China and Korea, predominantly in women. Hyaluronidase administered subcutaneously and intra-arterially showed varying degrees of visual recovery, while retrobulbar administration appeared less effective. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to accurately assess the efficacy of hyaluronidase in treating vision loss caused by filler injections. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Iowa conducted a study on retinal neovascularization in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy using ultrawide-field fluorescein angiography. The study found that some neovascularization is perfused by retinal arteries, challenging the long-held belief that it is perfused by the venous circulation. This research may aid in early detection and treatment of neovascularization precursors, potentially impacting strategies for managing this condition. The study was supported by Carl Zeiss Meditech, Inc., Research to Prevent Blindness, and the National Eye Institute Center Core Grant. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the creation of a database of images of the eye using a holographic Doppler laser for clinical research in ophthalmology. The new medical device aims to visualize and quantify blood flow in retinal pathologies of vascular origin. The clinical trial, NCT06644196, involves acquiring images/videos with a second prototype of the holographic Doppler laser to better understand and quantify vascular anomalies in patients undergoing ophthalmology treatment. The study is observational, with a focus on assessing the usability of images/videos for visualizing arterial and venous vascular networks and measuring blood flow. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Miami highlights the importance of ocular ultrasound in diagnosing central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). The research found that ocular ultrasound imaging using a 20 MHz Annular Array Probe can detect the causative embolus in patients with CRAO. This neglected tool can aid in identifying the "retrobulbar spot sign" related to embolic central retinal artery occlusion, guiding investigations towards finding the embolic source. The study underscores the potential of ocular ultrasound in enhancing diagnostic capabilities in ophthalmology. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital conducted a study to evaluate the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in patients with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). The study compared changes in visual acuity and optical coherence tomography parameters between patients who received HBOT and those who did not. Results showed that HBOT was effective in improving visual acuity and inducing favorable changes in OCT parameters, especially in preserving retinal layer thickness. This research provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of HBOT for patients with CRAO. [Extracted from the article]

Research from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University in China has developed a mouse model of acute retinal artery ischemia using silicone wire embolization. The study aimed to simulate retinal ischemic processes to aid in developing neuroprotective agents for retinal artery occlusion. The research highlighted transcriptomic differences between this model and others, showing potential for further therapeutic research in retinal artery occlusion. This study provides valuable insights into the pathophysiological processes of retinal ischemia and reperfusion, offering a novel tool for screening pathogenic genes in this condition. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Guangxi Medical University in the People's Republic of China have reported new findings on retinal capillary ischemia and paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM). PAMM is characterized by a hyper-reflective band-like lesion in the inner nuclear layer of the retina, caused by ischemia of the retinal capillary plexus. The researchers identified a fern-like pattern of PAMM, which involves capillary ischemia along the retinal veins. They concluded that further exploration of the etiology of PAMM can be aided by multi-mode imaging. This research has been peer-reviewed and was supported by a grant from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. [Extracted from the article]

A new study conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University in China explores the relationship between peripheral blood inflammatory indices and the severity of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). The study finds that elevated levels of certain inflammatory indices, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the systemic immunoinflammatory index (SII), and the monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR), are associated with an increased incidence of CRAO. The study suggests that these inflammatory indices could serve as early predictive markers for CRAO and that combining NLR and MHR may improve diagnostic accuracy. The findings have implications for ophthalmologists and internists in assessing the severity of CRAO. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Xiangya Hospital in Changsha, People's Republic of China, has explored the potential use of a multifunctional hydrogel as a treatment for retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. The hydrogel, which is injectable and loaded with exosomes and liproxstatin-1, was found to promote neuroprotection and significantly improve visual function in a mouse model. The researchers believe that this hydrogel could advance retinal tissue engineering and provide a new strategy for acute neuroprotection in retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. The study was funded by various organizations, including the National Natural Science Foundation of China. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences has provided new insights into the pathophysiology of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), a condition that causes sudden vision loss. The study analyzed samples of aqueous humor from patients with CRAO and compared them to samples from patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR). The researchers identified 36 differentially expressed proteins in the CRAO samples, including enolase 2, which suggests neuronal injury, and clusterin, a protective glycoprotein that was downregulated. The study highlights the differences in proteomic profiles between CRAO and DR, likely due to the different underlying mechanisms and disease duration. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Yokohama City University in Japan examined the changes in retinal circulation in eyes with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). The study found that retinal circulation significantly improved within one month, and younger patients experienced better improvement. The baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and retinal circulation within one month were found to be correlated with the final BCVA. This research provides valuable insights into the time-course changes in retinal circulation in patients with CRAO. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Northwestern University in Xi'an, People's Republic of China, has found a causal association between type 2 diabetes and central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). CRAO is a medical condition characterized by sudden blockage of the central retinal artery, leading to vision loss. The study used Mendelian randomization analysis and genetic variants associated with type 2 diabetes to evaluate the relationship. The findings suggest that preventing and controlling type 2 diabetes may reduce the risk of CRAO in European populations. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Northwestern University in Chicago, Illinois, has provided new information about ischemic optic neuropathy, a condition that causes vision loss. The study focused on a nearly 3-year-old boy on nightly dialysis who presented with sudden loss of vision. The researchers found that the boy had bilateral optic disk edema, diffuse pallor of posterior poles, and a cherry red spot in the left fundus. The patient's presentation was most consistent with bilateral nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy and unilateral central retinal artery occlusion. After 9 months, the boy's vision remained largely unchanged. This research has been peer-reviewed and can be accessed through the Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine has found a potential link between the weight loss medication phentermine and retinal artery occlusion. The study describes the case of a 49-year-old woman who experienced vision loss in her right eye after taking phentermine. Further examination revealed a branch retinal artery occlusion, and the patient was diagnosed with phentermine-associated retinal artery occlusion. The researchers suggest that clinicians should be aware of the potential risk of retinal vascular occlusions in patients taking phentermine. [Extracted from the article]

The article from Capital Medical University reports on findings related to retinal nerve fiber layer defects (RNFLDs) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Topics include the association of RNFLDs with CKD severity, the study's methodology and population, and the potential of RNFLDs as an indicator for CKD and hypertension.

A recent study published in the Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases discusses the successful treatment of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) using tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). The study describes a case of a 45-year-old man who was diagnosed with CRAO and underwent treatment with intra-arterial tPA. After the treatment, the patient's visual acuity improved, but a subsequent vascular occlusion event resulted in a decrease in visual acuity. However, after initiating dual antiplatelet therapy, the patient's vision improved again. This case report highlights the potential of tPA and dual antiplatelet therapy in the treatment of CRAO. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses research by Giuseppe Covello and colleagues, reported in the 'Journal of Clinical Medicine' issue on August 19, 2024. Topics include the impact of anatomical and tomographic biomarkers on visual acuity in patients with retinal vein occlusion treated with dexamethasone, improvements in best corrected visual acuity and central retinal thickness, and the predictive value of ellipsoid zone disruption and external limiting membrane disruption for visual outcomes.

A recent preprint abstract discusses the development of a mouse model for simulating retinal artery occlusion (RAO), a condition that can lead to vision loss. The researchers used silicone wire embolization combined with carotid artery ligation to create a unilateral pterygopalatine ophthalmic artery occlusion (UPOAO) mouse model. They evaluated the survival of retinal ganglion cells and visual function to determine the duration of ischemia. The model successfully replicated the acute interruption of retinal blood supply observed in RAO and revealed various pathophysiological processes related to immune cell migration, oxidative stress, and immune inflammation. This model could be a valuable tool for further research and therapeutic development in RAO. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Jiangxi Province People's Hospital in Nanchang, China, explored the impact of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) on brain functionality. CRAO is a serious eye condition caused by the blockage of the central retinal artery, which can lead to vision loss. The researchers used resting-state functional MRI to examine alterations in spontaneous neural activity among patients with CRAO. They found that individuals with CRAO exhibited atypical neural activity in the brain, particularly in the frontal, parietal, and cerebellar regions. These findings suggest that CRAO may have implications beyond the orbit and could potentially serve as neuroimaging markers. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers from the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University in China aimed to quantify ocular microcirculation in hypertension patients with carotid artery stenosis (CAS). The study found that CAS in hypertension patients led to decreased retinal and choroidal microcirculation. The researchers also discovered that retinal vessel density and choroidal vascularity index were significantly associated with the presence of CAS in hypertension patients. The study suggests that hypertension macro- and microangiopathy are mutually affected and share a common pathophysiology. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was identified as a useful non-invasive tool for assessing CAS risk profiles in hypertension patients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Royal Adelaide Hospital in Australia examined the treatment of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). CRAO is a condition that causes sudden vision loss, and only 8% of patients experience meaningful improvement in vision. The study surveyed Australian and New Zealand hyperbaric medicine units (HMUs) to compare their management of CRAO cases with the guidelines outlined by the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society (UHMS). The survey found that most HMUs did not strictly follow the UHMS guidelines and suggested a more simplified management protocol. [Extracted from the article]

A new report discusses the connection between Takayasu arteritis and central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). Takayasu arteritis is a chronic inflammatory vasculitis that primarily affects large blood vessels, particularly the aorta and its branches. Ocular manifestations of Takayasu arteritis, such as CRAO, are rare but can lead to a delay in diagnosis and treatment. CRAO is an ophthalmic emergency, and only 5% of cases are arteritic, meaning they are associated with inflammatory vasculitides. This research provides valuable insights into the relationship between Takayasu arteritis and retinal artery occlusion. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital in Daegu, South Korea, have reported a case of a patient with branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) who experienced a favorable outcome after intra-arterial thrombolysis (IAT). BRAO is characterized by sudden, painless monocular visual loss, and while it usually has a favorable prognosis, it can sometimes cause severe visual loss. The patient in this case study presented with vision loss, and after IAT, demonstrated rapid improvement in visual acuity. The researchers concluded that IAT may be an effective treatment for patients with BRAO and severe vision loss, but caution that the procedure should be reserved for selected patients due to potential complications. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens in Greece examined the changes in retinal nerve fiber layers (RNFL) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared to healthy individuals. The study utilized optical coherence tomography to analyze the RNFL thickness. The results showed that the average RNFL thickness was significantly reduced in COPD patients compared to healthy controls. Additionally, patients with severe COPD had thinner RNFL compared to those with mild/moderate COPD. This research suggests that severe COPD may have a greater impact on RNFL thickness. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system and method that measures stimulus-evoked neural activity and hemodynamic responses. The patent describes the limitations of existing techniques for evaluating retinal neurovascular coupling and proposes a new imaging system that allows for concurrent imaging of neural activity and hemodynamic responses in individual retinal layers. The system uses OCT angiography to provide high-resolution examination of the retinal microvasculature and neural tissue, offering a unique window to investigate neurodegenerative diseases. The patent includes claims for a multi-modal OCT system that can dynamically map hemodynamic responses and neural activity in the eye. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from the University of Michigan presents data on the etiology, prognosis, and suggested work-up for retinal artery occlusion (RAO) in young patients without typical cardiovascular risk factors. The study found that the most common identifiable causes of RAO in this group are structural/functional cardiac abnormalities and vasculitides. The research suggests a focused work-up algorithm to quickly identify the etiologies in these patients while minimizing unnecessary testing. The long-term risk of secondary systemic or ocular events in young, otherwise healthy individuals with RAO is low, regardless of the etiology. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Narayana Nethralaya in Karnataka, India provides an update on the understanding of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). CRAO is a serious medical condition that can lead to visual impairment and is associated with vascular complications that can affect organs such as the brain and heart. The report aims to analyze the latest developments in the causes, retinal imaging techniques, systemic evaluation, and therapeutic strategies for CRAO, including vitrectomy. This comprehensive review article offers readers a valuable resource for gaining knowledge on the fundamental principles and recent advancements in CRAO. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Beijing, China, examined the acute clinical manifestations of cosmetology-related ocular damage (COD). The study collected data from 53 cases (89 eyes) of ocular damage caused by cosmetology procedures such as eyeliner tattooing, eyelash extensions, and mascara application. The most common type of COD was corneal damage, and the majority of patients recovered within 1-2 weeks with appropriate treatment. The study concluded that COD predominantly affects young and middle-aged females with cosmetology experience and can be effectively prevented and treated with a generally favorable prognosis. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Ascension Providence Hospital in Southfield, Michigan, focused on the diagnosis and monitoring of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), a condition that can cause painless vision loss. The researchers used point-of-care ultrasound, including serial Doppler examinations and calculation of the central retinal artery resistive index, to diagnose and track the progression of CRAO in a patient presenting with monocular vision loss. The study found that these techniques improved the evaluation of CRAO and could help prevent delayed diagnosis and associated morbidity. The full study can be accessed for free online. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences highlights the importance of timely diagnosis and interdisciplinary treatment for central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) or retinal stroke. The researchers suggest that a well-organized team of ophthalmologists and neurologists should evaluate the causes of CRAO, primarily related to cardiovascular risk factors, in a neurovascular center with stroke expertise. They propose using target transorbital ultrasound as a rapid diagnostic method, performed by an experienced neurologist/neurosonologist in the stroke unit. Further research is needed to determine if transorbital ultrasound could replace ophthalmological investigation in suspected acute retinal stroke cases. The study emphasizes the need for collaboration between neurologists and ophthalmologists to achieve the best results for patients with retinal stroke. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences in Uttar Pradesh, India, examined the rare and devastating complication of postoperative vision loss following spine surgery. The study focused on a 16-year-old male patient who experienced vision loss in his right eye after undergoing occipito-C2-C3 fixation for traumatic atlantoaxial dislocation. The patient was diagnosed with central retinal artery occlusion, and despite treatment with an injectable steroid, there was no improvement in his vision. The study highlights the importance of proper head positioning and avoiding intraoperative hypotension to prevent such complications. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital in China explored the use of artificial intelligence (AI) models to predict preeclampsia in pregnant women. The study enrolled 789 pregnant women and utilized an AI algorithm to diagnose retinal lesions and quantify retinal vascular features. The results showed that retinal vascular features, along with maternal risk factors and second-trimester prenatal examination data, could effectively predict the occurrence of preeclampsia, particularly early-onset preeclampsia. This research highlights the potential of AI in improving the prediction and prevention of pregnancy complications. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Hospital Geral de Fortaleza in Brazil explores the association between aplastic anemia and a combined central artery and vein occlusion (CCRAVO)-like pattern. The researchers report the case of a female patient with aplastic anemia who presented with various ophthalmologic symptoms, including retinal hemorrhage and blurred optic disc margins. The study discusses the evolution of these ocular findings in correlation with improvements in systemic conditions and highlights the importance of reporting ocular findings for the recognition of this disease. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of aplastic anemia. [Extracted from the article]

The US Patent and Trademark Office has published a patent application by Beijing Zhenhealth Technology Co. Ltd. for a method and device to differentiate arteries and veins of retinal vessels. The method involves acquiring images of vessels, fundus, and optic disc center, extracting main vessels, measuring their diameters, and identifying artery-vein pairs based on diameter sizes. The device includes modules for data acquisition, vessel screening, and artery-vein pair selection. This technology aims to improve the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosing arteriosclerotic diseases and other conditions with abnormal vascular morphology. The invention is designed to work with various types and qualities of fundus images. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Seoul National University College of Medicine have conducted a study on recurrent non-arteritic retinal artery occlusion (RAO). The study analyzed the characteristics of patients who experienced a second RAO recurrence in the same or opposite eye. The findings showed that recurrence in the same eye occurred earlier and resulted in a more severe reduction in visual acuity compared to recurrence in the opposite eye. The study emphasizes the importance of risk factor screening and collaboration with neurologists and cardiologists to prevent devastating visual impairment. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Wisconsin has examined the use of silicone oil (SO) as a long-term treatment for retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). The study found that SO tamponade resulted in an 84% reattachment rate for all eyes, with no difference between primary SO placement and SO placed after failed retinal detachment repair. Vision improvement was observed in both groups, with a mean of 2.1 lines for Group 1 and 4.6 lines for Group 2. The study concluded that the use of SO tamponade has improved anatomic and functional outcomes for PVR repair compared to previous studies. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Royal Sussex County Hospital in Brighton, United Kingdom, examined a cohort of patients with retinal ischemic events (RIE), including central retinal artery occlusions (CRAO), branch retinal artery occlusions (BRAO), and amaurosis fugax (Amfug). The study found that RIE is largely a large vessel disease, with risk factors and scores from carotid doppler scans indicating this. The researchers concluded that it is important to address risk factors in patients with RIE to reduce complications, morbidity, and mortality associated with the condition. The study was published in the Journal of Hypertension. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University examined the role of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in retinal artery occlusion (RAO). The researchers found that elevated levels of FGF21 were associated with an increased risk of developing RAO, as well as worse visual prognosis and a higher risk of concurrent ischemic stroke. These findings suggest that measuring serum FGF21 levels could help clinicians diagnose and treat RAO patients earlier. The study was funded by various organizations and published in Scientific Reports. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, China, suggests a potential link between gut microbiota and central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). The study used a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to explore the causal effect between gut microbiota and CRAO. The researchers identified specific microbial taxa and pathways associated with CRAO, which could provide new insights into the prevention and treatment of this condition. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings. This study was published in the Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Aravind Eye Care System in Pondicherry, India, has provided new insights into ophthalmology. The study focused on a 24-year-old female who experienced a snake bite on her left ankle, followed by localized pain and blurred vision in her right eye. The researchers found that the snake bite resulted in a transient central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) with the presence of a spared cilioretinal artery. This case is considered rare, as ophthalmic manifestations following a snake bite are uncommon. For more information, the full research article can be accessed for free online. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Soonchunhyang University have reported a case of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in a patient with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) who received intravitreal brolucizumab injections. The patient, a 79-year-old Asian male without a history of cardiovascular disease, experienced acute painless visual loss two days after the third injection. Despite treatment, there was no improvement in visual acuity during the three-month follow-up period. This case highlights the need for careful observation and consideration of CRAO in nAMD patients receiving intravitreal brolucizumab injections, even in the absence of cardiovascular comorbidities. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Calabar in Nigeria examined the Doppler parameters within the central retinal artery (CRA) in a cohort of Nigerian participants. The study found that women in the cohort had higher peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) in both the right and left CRA compared to men. However, there was no correlation between fasting blood glucose levels and Doppler parameters. The study concluded that further research with a larger sample size is needed to replicate these findings. [Extracted from the article]