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Background: Medical rehabilitation plays an important role in the management of patients with chronic dermatoses and dermato-oncological diseases., Objectives: Which dermatological indications qualify for a medical rehabilitation? What forms need to be completed for a successful application? Which treatments are provided and what are goals to be accomplished during dermatological rehabilitation?, Materials and Methods: Evaluation of current guidelines, directives, and recommendations as well as exemplary reviews., Results: Dermato-oncological diseases and every chronic dermatological disease that is associated with a limitation of body functions and structures, activity and participation is eligible for medical rehabilitation. They include need, ability to absolve a rehabilitation, and a favorable prognosis. Treatments range from therapy of the underlying dermatological condition to interdisciplinary treatment of comorbidities with the aim of restoring functional health., Conclusions: Medical rehabilitation follows a holistic approach and represents a significant addition to outpatient and acute inpatient care, often leading to a long-term improvement in clinical outcome, participation, and activity., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.)

Background: The Dermatology Quality of Life Index (DLQI) is the most commonly used quality of life questionnaire in dermatology., Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the DLQI to measures of wellbeing and general quality of life in patients with chronic inflammatory skin diseases., Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study among patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis was conducted at a hospital in Munich, Germany (12/2017-04/2019). Participants filled in validated scales measuring happiness, quality of life, and DLQI., Results: In 102 patients with chronic inflammatory skin diseases, the DLQI was associated only with physical quality of life and negative emotions, and not psychological quality of life or positive affect. The DLQI alone accounted for 26% of variance in general quality of life. Combining DLQI and happiness accounted for a total of 73% of variance, with both variables contributing to the model., Conclusion: The DLQI alone only partially reflected well-being. Assessing happiness in addition to the widely used DLQI can contribute to a more comprehensive evaluation of well-being.

Pediatric dermatology is an incredibly rewarding field. Children are resilient and funny and just want to know that you are advocating for their best interests. Teaming up with children and their parents can lead to fantastic therapeutic alliances and success. The author has divided this chapter based on a handful of common pediatric dermatologic diseases and what he sees as some of the main clinical and therapeutic tips and tricks that have helped him in his practice., Competing Interests: Disclosure Dr James Treat is a consultant for Palvella, INC., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background/objectives: Trisomy 21 has known associated clinical phenotypes, including skin and soft tissue concerns. However, the overall prevalence and types of findings are largely unclear., Methods: A retrospective review of children with trisomy 21 and one or more dermatologic diagnoses, seen from 1/1/1994 to 7/1/2016, was performed to record dermatologic diagnoses. If one or more diagnoses were confirmed, further data were collected, including demographics, medical specialty, referrals to dermatology, treatment, complications, and follow-up., Results: One hundred and seventy-four patients with a diagnosis of trisomy 21 aged 18 years or younger were confirmed to have one or more dermatologic diagnoses. In a total of 479 dermatologic diagnoses, superficial mycoses (12%), skin and soft tissue infections (10%), dermatitis (8%), and folliculitis (8%) were most common. Diagnoses were most commonly made as an outpatient (91%) and by general pediatrics (45%) or dermatology (25%). A significant difference (P < .05) in the frequency of various diagnoses made by different specialties was observed. A significant difference (P < .05) in the treatments recommended by different specialties was also observed. Referrals to dermatology were infrequent (6%). However, a frequent change in diagnosis (61%) or treatment (68%) for patients referred to dermatology was observed., Conclusions: Children with trisomy 21 are most commonly diagnosed with superficial mycoses, skin and soft tissue infections, dermatitis, and folliculitis. The majority of diagnoses were made by general pediatricians and although dermatology referral was rarely necessary, consultations often resulted in change of diagnosis and/or treatment, supporting consideration of early and frequent dermatology referral., (© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

HIV has long been associated with a number of inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic skin conditions. In the era of anti-retroviral therapy, we have discovered even more about the relationship between skin disease and chronic immunosuppression. In particular, clinicians still face the propensity of persons living with HIV to develop difficult-to-control viral infections, chronic skin inflammation, and pruritus and-particularly as patients age-various types of skin cancers. Here, we summarize recent updates in the field of HIV dermatology and make recommendations to providers caring for these patients., Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed.No competing interests were disclosed.No competing interests were disclosed.

Objective: To characterize and analyze the inpatient and emergency pediatric dermatology consults in our academic hospital center., Methods: We reviewed 485 consultations that were done by the University of Puerto Rico Department of Dermatology from July 2007 to June 2012. The date, patient age and gender, consulting service, presumptive diagnosis, final diagnosis, and diagnostic procedures performed were documented for each consult., Results: The patients' ages ranged from newborn to 18 years; the 13 to 18 years age group was the most common (29%). Dermatology consults were requested by the general pediatrics ward, primarily (32%), followed by the emergency room (25%). In 236 cases (48.6%), a vague diagnostic impression was provided by the consulting service, whereas in 249 (51.4%) cases, a specific or differential diagnosis was provided. The dermatology service changed the diagnosis in 12% (58/249) of the evaluated cases. The most common misdiagnoses were allergic contact dermatitis, drug eruption, papular urticaria, nutritional deficiency, atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, cellulitis, and herpes infection. The most common diagnoses encountered were inflammatory skin conditions, infectious diseases, and drug eruptions. Skin biopsy was the most common procedure performed. In 30% of the cases, more than 1 procedure was performed as part of the evaluation work-up., Conclusion: Our study demonstrates the important role of the dermatologist in the diagnosis and management of pediatric patients with dermatological diseases. The information contained within this manuscript should contribute to raising the awareness of pediatricians regarding the most common dermatological diagnoses in this patient population.

On a therapeutic point of view, 2017 in dermatology could be summarized in one disease, one pathway and in one number : atopic dermatitis, JAK inhibitors and 23. 2017 will be the year of the first registration of a biologic treatment in atopic dermatitis, dupilumab, with numerous other drugs currently in development. JAK inhibitors show promising results in several difficult-to-treat conditions, such as alopecia areata, vitiligo or atopic dermatitis, but still warrant confirmation in upcoming controlled trials. Monoclonal antibodies targeting IL-23 have confirmed in phase III studies their great efficacy in controlling psoriasis and will be soon available in practice, illustrating well the optimal link between bench side and bed in this emblematic inflammatory dermatological condition., (© 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. Tous droits réservés.)

Introduction: Ghana is currently developing its provision of dermatology services. Epidemiologic studies of the skin diseases seen by Ghanaian dermatologists are needed to guide these efforts. We aimed to describe the skin conditions seen by and management practices of Ghanaian dermatologists in a specialized clinic., Methods: We conducted a chart review of new patients presenting to the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital dermatology clinic during 2014., Results: Among the 529 patients studied, 700 discrete diagnoses were made. The most commonly diagnosed skin conditions were infections (24.6%) and dermatitis (24.6%); atopic dermatitis (8.4%), acne vulgaris (5.3%) and scabies (5.1%) were the most common specific diagnoses. Among infants, children, and adolescents, the most common diagnosis was atopic dermatitis (31.7%, 30.0%, and 14.9%, respectively). Acne vulgaris (12.0%) was the most common skin condition diagnosed in young adults. Irritant contact dermatitis (6.9%) was most common among adults. Lichen planus (9.9%) was the most commonly diagnosed skin condition in the senior population. Diagnoses made by dermatologists differed from the referral diagnosis documented by primary care providers for 65.8% of patients. The most frequently recommended treatments were antihistamines (47.8%) and topical steroids (38.4%). Only 18 diagnostic biopsies were performed., Conclusion: Our study summarizes the skin diseases seen and management practices of Ghanaian dermatologists in a specialized clinic at a large public teaching hospital. The results of this study can help to guide future dermatology education and development efforts in Ghana., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

This non-exhaustive review focuses on publications that have been the subject of randomized controlled trials. It will also include results from research that may lead to new therapeutic perspectives. The selected articles were published between October 2013 and September 2014. The vast majority of them were dedicated to the treatment of psoriasis (anti-TNF, ustekinumab, antibodies against IL-17 or its receptors, anti-IL-23, anti-CD6 and ponesimod). Selected papers will also address the following diseases: atopic dermatitis, urticaria, acne, bullous diseases, alopecia areata, skin infections, acne rosacea and leg ulcers., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common eczematous skin disease with a chronic and relapsing course. Current therapeutic options for moderate to severe AD in children and adults are unsatisfactory. Along with the success of basic research to define pathogenesis-related targets, novel small molecule inhibitors and biologics for the treatment of AD have been developed. These compounds focus on the specific reduction of pruritus, interfere with the pro-allergic Th2-deviation of the immune system or inhibit inflammatory pathways in the skin. Based on studies registered at ClinicalTrials.gov we present novel treatment strategies of AD, their molecular mechanisms of action, and discuss the current status of the clinical results. As many of the new compounds target pathogenesis-related traits of the disease, we face a new era in the treatment and understanding of AD., (Copyright © 2013 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)

In 2013, news from research has clearly shown that dermatology is bound to occupy a more important place in fundamental research. Among these evidences are an increasing number of papers devoted to "Skin" in journals with the highest impact factors and the excellence of the scientific program of the International Investigative Dermatology Meeting held in May in Edinburgh. This paper outlines a selection of scientific works published between September 2012 and August 2013 or presented as communications at the IID Meeting. This selection was made based on the quality of methods used by the authors to obtain results, and on the impact of these scientific results in terms of pathophysiological and therapeutical advances., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Background/Objectives: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin disease in the pediatric population; however, rates of admissions for flares in patients established with dermatology compared to those that are not established have not been fully assessed in prior studies. Methods: We reviewed electronic medical records of patients hospitalized (billing codes 99221–99223, 99217) with diagnoses encompassing AD, eczema, and dermatitis (ICD‐10 codes L20.8‐L20.9, L30.8‐L30.9) between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2021, at University Hospitals (UH) in Cleveland, Ohio. Patients were considered established with dermatology if they had been seen by a dermatology provider within 6 months prior to admission. Statistical analysis was performed using chi‐square goodness of fit. Results: A total of 95 patient encounters met criteria for inclusion. Fifteen (15.8%) patients were established with dermatology at the time of admission and 80 (84.2%) were not. The chi‐square value (x2 = 44.74) was greater than the critical value of 10.828 at one degree of freedom (p <.001). There were 8 patients who had more than one admission for atopic dermatitis flares; 2 of these patients were established with dermatology prior to their first admission, and 4 were established at the time of the second admission. Conclusion: The majority of patients admitted with AD flare were not established with dermatology. Many of these patients lived in a low socioeconomic area and missed follow‐up appointments. Increasing access to dermatologic care for patients with atopic dermatitis, especially in lower‐income areas, could aid in decreasing atopic dermatitis‐related hospitalizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Emerging biologic therapies represent a significant advancement in dermatology, offering targeted treatment options for chronic, inflammatory skin diseases which have traditionally been difficult to manage with conventional therapies. This review paper evaluates recent progress in the application of biologic agent like Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) inhibitors, Interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-23 inhibitors for conditions such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and other less common dermatoses. Drawing from a diverse array of clinical trials and studies, we present a comprehensive overview of the efficacy, safety, and patient response rates associated with these novel treatments. The insights gained underscore the transformative potential of biologics in dermatology, paving the way for personalized treatment paradigms and improved patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The review article explores the evolving role of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors in immune-mediated dermatological conditions, addressing significant gaps in current treatment approaches. Areas Covered: The review comprehensively discusses the mechanisms of action of BTK inhibitors, including irreversible and reversible inhibitors. Clinical applications of BTK inhibitors in dermatological diseases such as pemphigus, chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and atopic dermatitis are explored, highlighting recent advancements and ongoing clinical trials. Potential advantages of BTK inhibitors over existing therapies and challenges in translating preclinical findings to clinical outcomes are discussed. Expert Opinion/Commentary: BTK inhibitors represent a promising therapeutic avenue for immune-mediated dermatological conditions, offering oral administration, targeted pathway inhibition, and a favorable safety profile compared to biologic therapies. Ongoing research and clinical trials hold the potential to address unmet needs and reshape the therapeutic landscape in dermatology. Plain Language Summary: Our manuscript explores how a new class of medications called Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors could revolutionize the treatment of skin conditions caused by the immune system. These conditions, like chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), pemphigus, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), often lack effective treatments. BTK inhibitors work by targeting specific pathways in the immune system, offering hope for patients with these challenging conditions. We reviewed clinical trials and research studies to understand how BTK inhibitors could benefit patients. One significant advantage of BTK inhibitors is their ability to provide targeted therapy, meaning they can specifically block the faulty immune responses driving these conditions without affecting the entire immune system. This targeted approach could lead to fewer side effects compared to current treatments, such as corticosteroids or immunosuppressants, which can have widespread effects on the body. Overall, BTK inhibitors represent a promising new approach to treating immune-mediated skin conditions. With further research and development, they could offer safer and more effective alternatives to current treatments, improving the lives of patients worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the American Academy of Dermatology Annual Meeting that was held in San Diego, U.S. from March 8-12, 2024. Topics discussed include the efficacy and safety of different treatments for skin conditions like hidradenitis suppurativa and psoriasis. Attendees included experts such as Kimball AB, Papp KA, and Bissonnette R, who presented research findings on treatments like remibrutinib, lutikizumab, sonelokimab, ESK-001, and JNJ-77242113.

Background: RPT193 is an orally administered small molecule antagonist of the human C‐C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) that inhibits the migration and downstream activation of T‐helper Type 2 (Th2) cells. We investigated single‐ and multiple‐ascending doses of RPT193 in healthy subjects, and multiple doses of RPT193 in subjects with moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods: This was a first‐in‐human randomized, placebo‐controlled Phase 1a/1b monotherapy study (NCT04271514) to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and CCR4 surface receptor occupancy in eligible healthy subjects and subjects with moderate‐to‐severe AD. Clinical efficacy and skin biomarker effects of RPT193 monotherapy were assessed as exploratory endpoints in AD subjects. Results: In healthy (n = 72) and AD subjects (n = 31), once‐daily RPT193 treatment was generally well tolerated, with no serious adverse events reported and all treatment‐emergent adverse events reported as mild/moderate. In AD subjects, numerically greater improvements in clinical efficacy endpoints were observed with RPT193 monotherapy versus placebo up to the end of the treatment period (Day 29), with statistically significant improvement, compared to Day 29 and placebo, observed 2 weeks after the end of treatment (Day 43) on several endpoints (p <.05). Moreover, significant changes in the transcriptional profile were seen in skin biopsies of RPT193‐treated versus placebo‐treated subjects at Day 29, which were also significantly correlated with improvements in clinical efficacy measures. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first clinical study with an oral CCR4 antagonist that showed clinical improvement coupled with modulation of the cutaneous transcriptomic profile in an inflammatory skin disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Immuno-allergic dermatoses have been highly increasing for a decade in African settings. They are the first chief complaint of dermatological conditions in Senegal. Our objective was to describe their epidemiological, clinical, and etiological patterns. Methodology: We conducted a looking-forward descriptive study for 1 year ranging from April 2020 to April 2021 in the Dermatology Department of Aristide LeDantec Hospital in Dakar. We recruited both inpatients and outpatients. Results: Among 5633 patients received for consultation, 149 cases were pooled accounting for a prevalence of 2,6%. The mean age was 31,42 years old. Atopic dermatosis was the first immuno-allergic dermatosis representing 66,4%. They were followed by toxidermia in 16,1% of cases, contact dermatitis in 12,75% of cases, and urticaria in 4,69%. For patients with atopic dermatosis, a respiratory prick test was carried out in 14,1% of patients with a positivity in 57,1% of cases. Of the patients with urticaria and/or angioedema, the main triggering factor was drug use in 57,14% of cases. In our study, antibiotics were the first drug-related toxidermia in our patients accounting for 41,7% of cases. They were followed by herbal therapy in 29,2% of cases and paracetamol in 16,7% of cases. Conclusion: To date, immuno-allergic dermatoses constitute the first chief complaint in our structure and are by far dominated by atopic dermatitis. Automedication and herbal therapy are public health concerns. By causing toxidermia, often in their most serious patterns, they can have a vital prone-threat involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polish Journal of Allergology / Alergologia Polska is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dermatoses are an increasingly common problem, particularly in developed countries. The causes of this phenomenon include genetic factors and environmental elements. More and more scientific reports suggest that the gut microbiome, more specifically its dysbiosis, also plays an important role in the induction and progression of diseases, including dermatological diseases. The gut microbiome is recognised as the largest endocrine organ, and has a key function in maintaining human homeostasis. In this review, the authors will take a close look at the link between the gut–skin axis and the pathogenesis of dermatoses such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, alopecia areata, and acne. The authors will also focus on the role of probiotics in remodelling the microbiome and the alleviation of dermatoses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Treat‐to‐target (T2T) is a pragmatic therapeutic strategy being gradually introduced into dermatology after adoption in several other clinical areas. Atopic dermatitis (AD), one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases, may also benefit from this structured and practical therapeutic approach. We aimed to evaluate existing data regarding the T2T approach in dermatology, with a specific focus on AD, as well as the views of International Eczema Council (IEC) members on the potential application of a T2T approach to AD management. To do so, we systematically searched for peer‐reviewed publications on the T2T approach for any skin disease in the PubMed and Scopus databases up to February 2022 and conducted a survey among IEC members regarding various components to potentially include in a T2T approach in AD. We identified 21 relevant T2T‐related reports in dermatology, of which 14 were related to psoriasis, five to AD, one for juvenile dermatomyositis and one for urticaria. In the IEC member survey, respondents proposed treatable traits (with itch, disease severity and sleep problems getting the highest scores), relevant comorbidities (with asthma being selected most commonly, followed by anxiety and depression in adults), recommended specialists that should define the approach in AD (dermatologists, allergists and primary care physicians were most commonly selected in adults), and applicable assessment tools (both physician‐ and patient‐reported), in both adult and paediatric patients, for potential future utilization of the T2T approach in AD. In conclusion, while the T2T approach may become a useful tool to simplify therapeutic goals and AD management, its foundation in AD is only starting to build. A multidisciplinary approach, including a wide range of stakeholders, including patients, is needed to further define the essential components needed to utilize T2T in AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Biologica Slovenica is the property of Drustvo Biologov Slovenije and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The term 'proactive therapy' refers to a long-term management of clinically intact skin in previously disease-affected areas. This method was initially implemented in atopic dermatitis to maintain the remission and decrease the risk of exacerbations. Proactive therapy aims to limit the need for reactive treatment and improve the patients' quality of life. A proactive approach is likely to be adopted for other relapsing and inflammatory skin conditions in the future. This scoping review aims to identify dermatological conditions to be treated with the proactive approach, evaluate the available evidence for its efficacy and safety, as well as highlight the research gaps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a growth factor that plays a pivotal role in wound healing and maintaining tissue homeostasis by regulating cell survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Exogenous administration of bioidentical human recombinant epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) has been known to promote skin wound healing, although rhEGF is increasingly being used in drug delivery systems and nanotechnology. However, despite considerable attention being focused on the potential clinical applications of rhEGF in several dermatological conditions beyond wound healing, the number of studies still remains relatively low. Herein, we conducted a literature search of PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar databases to retrieve published literature related to rhEGF and summarised the effects of rhEGF in the treatment of various wound types, radiotherapy or chemotherapy‐related skin reactions, atopic dermatitis, skin aging, and post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change has a pervasive impact on health and is of clinical relevance to every organ system. Climate change-related factors impact the skin's capacity to maintain homeostasis, leading to a variety of cutaneous diseases. Stratospheric ozone depletion has led to increased risk of melanoma and keratinocyte carcinomas due to ultraviolet radiation exposure. Atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, pemphigus, acne vulgaris, melasma, and photoaging are all associated with rising levels of air pollution. Elevated temperatures due to global warming induce disruption of the skin microbiome, thereby impacting atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, and psoriasis, and high temperatures are associated with exacerbation of skin disease and increased risk of heat stroke. Extreme weather events due to climate change, including floods and wildfires, are of relevance to the dermatologist as these events are implicated in cutaneous injuries, skin infections, and acute worsening of inflammatory skin disorders. The health consequences as well as the economic and social burden of climate change fall most heavily on vulnerable and marginalized populations due to structural disparities. As dermatologists, understanding the interaction of climate change and skin health is essential to appropriately manage dermatologic disease and advocate for our patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article sets out how a new clinic, focused on monitoring systemic treatments and standardising practice, was set up in a large Northeast hospital. The article considers the need for developing the clinic, sets out how change was achieved, and reports on the results and findings, as well as setting out next steps for development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HIV has long been associated with a number of inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic skin conditions. In the era of anti-retroviral therapy, we have discovered even more about the relationship between skin disease and chronic immunosuppression. In particular, clinicians still face the propensity of persons living with HIV to develop difficult-to-control viral infections, chronic skin inflammation, and pruritus and-particularly as patients age-various types of skin cancers. Here, we summarize recent updates in the field of HIV dermatology and make recommendations to providers caring for these patients.

Background: An understanding of the prevalence patterns of skin diseases in children in Botswana is needed to guide national dermatological policy development, training, and resource allocation to improve patient care. Objective: To describe local skin disease patterns in children aged 0–18 years presenting for dermatologic care in Botswana. Methods: A retrospective review of records from 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2016 was conducted at the outpatient dermatology clinic of Princess Marina Hospital (PMH) in Gaborone, Botswana and outreach clinic sites. Results: There were 4413 pediatric visits constituting 18.6% of all dermatology visits. There was a slight male predominance of 1.2:1. The majority of disorders were noninfectious 80.1% (3537/4413) versus infectious 14.6% (645/4413), with 5.2% (231/4413) unclassified. In the noninfectious category, two‐thirds were inflammatory, followed by disorders of nails, skin appendages, and pigmentary disorders. Atopic dermatitis was the most common inflammatory disorder. Over half of infectious skin diseases were viral, followed by fungal and bacterial disorders. In the HIV‐related disorders, the majority were verrucae 94% (108/115) followed by Kaposi sarcoma. The nine most common skin diagnoses accounted for close to 70% of all skin diseases seen at the clinic, and these included atopic dermatitis (almost half of all cases), followed by verruca, acne, and vitiligo. Conclusion: There is a high burden of skin disorders in children in Botswana. In our cohort, a small number of skin conditions made up the vast majority of pediatric diagnoses. This information can be used to guide dermatology training and resource allocation to better manage these common diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a therapeutic technique with reported regenerative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and analgesic effects. In the last few years, LLLT has been used in dogs for the management of different skin lesions and diseases. This study reports a literature review using the critically appraised topic (CAT) method to determine the canine skin diseases for which LLLT is an advisable treatment. Only primary clinical prospective studies were considered. A meticulous literature search revealed 19 significant clinical trials, and these were critically analyzed. The evaluation of the best accessible evidence in July 2022 suggests that LLLT can be a promising and effective adjunctive treatment in combination with systemic antibiotic therapy for canine interdigital pyoderma and canine deep pyoderma. Furthermore, the use of LLLT is not recommended as a therapy for pedal pruritus secondary to canine atopic dermatitis. In other canine skin diseases, there is a possible helpful effect of LLLT; however, the evidence for its use is not currently convincing. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a therapeutic option that stimulates cellular function through intracellular photobiological and photochemical reactions, promoting better tissue repair and an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and analgesic effect. Previous studies in human and veterinary medicine have shown the clinical efficacy of LLLT in many fields. In this study, the literature was reviewed using the critically appraised topic (CAT) method to determine the canine skin diseases for which LLLT is an advisable treatment. A meticulous literature search revealed 19 significant clinical trials, which were critically analyzed. The evaluation of the best accessible evidence in July 2022 suggests that fluorescence biomodulation (FBM), a type of LLLT, can, in combination with systemic antibiotic therapy, be a promising and effective adjunctive treatment for canine interdigital pyoderma and canine deep pyoderma. Furthermore, the evidence suggests that the use of LLLT is not recommended as a therapy for pedal pruritus secondary to canine atopic dermatitis. For other canine skin diseases included in the CAT, although LLLT appears to be a promising treatment, there is not yet good scientific evidence to recommend its use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Clinician-reported outcome measures (ClinROMs) are frequently used in clinical trials and daily practice to evaluate the disease status and evolution of skin disorders. The minimal important difference (MID) represents the smallest difference that decreases the disease impact enough to make a treatment change worthwhile for patients. As no clear guidance exists on the preferred method to calculate MIDs for ClinROMs, we evaluated how the published values for different skin disorders should be interpreted. Methods: A systematic search was performed for MIDs of ClinROMs that focus on skin disorders and/or symptoms. The results of the questions in the credibility instrument for MIDs of Devji et al., 2020 were analyzed to gain insights into the meaning of these MIDs. Results: 29 MIDs were identified. The most common skin diseases were atopic dermatitis/eczema, followed by bullous disorders and psoriasis. A minimal important difference from the patients' perspective was determined in 31% of the cases. However, in 41.4% of the cases, it concerned a substantial rather than a minimal difference in disease severity rated by physicians. Over half (55.1%) of the studies contained an inadequate number of patients (n < 150). MID values increased substantially in patients with severe compared to mild disease. Conclusions: MIDs of ClinROMs for skin disorders should be carefully interpreted due to the substantial differences in methodology between the studies. There is an urgent need for a consensus method to report reliable MIDs. Otherwise, this lack of uniformity could not only affect the design and conclusion of clinical trials but also skew treatment decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adhesive tape has been used in the scientific study of human skin for more than 90 years. Use of the tape stripping method in dermatology has aided the research and diagnosing of different skin diseases. Basic science, identification, and therapeutic interventions in skin diseases, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, nonmelanoma skin cancer, and melanoma, have been studied using this technique. Among many promising applications that will be discussed throughout this contribution, the pigmented lesion assay will be discussed in depth in relation to melanoma. This product carries considerable and significant research toward early detection of melanoma. Tape stripping is unique and advantageous in its ability to provide a nonsurgical approach to evaluating the human epidermis. The cellular and molecular components of the skin are used to diagnose different skin conditions without invasive skin biopsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to previous studies, the increased risk of cutaneous infectious disorders in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) is related to impaired epidermal function, abnormal systemic immune function, and lower antimicrobial peptides. In this study, we analyzed the association between AD and cutaneous infectious disorders in the real world using sequential pattern mining (SPM). We analyzed National Health Insurance data from 2010–2013 using SPM to identify comorbid cutaneous infectious diseases and the onset durations of comorbidities. Patients with AD were at greater risk for molluscum contagiosum (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 5.273), impetigo (aOR, 2.852), chickenpox (aOR, 2.251), otitis media (aOR, 1.748), eczema herpeticum (aOR, 1.292), and viral warts (aOR, 1.105). In SPM analysis, comorbidity of 1.06% shown in molluscum contagiosum was the highest value, and the duration of 77.42 days documented for molluscum contagiosum was the shortest onset duration among all the association rules. This study suggests that AD is associated with an increased risk of cutaneous infectious disorders. In particular, care should be taken regarding its high relevance with impetigo, molluscum contagiosum, and otitis media, which may help in preventing AD from worsening through appropriately preventing and managing the condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]