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A study conducted at Fukuoka University in Japan focused on the impact of Apolipoprotein E variants on lipid metabolism. The research reviewed the function and structure of Apolipoprotein E, its isoforms, genetic mutations, and associated pathologies. The study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of human Apolipoprotein E in lipid metabolism, excluding extensive discussion on Alzheimer's disease. This peer-reviewed research offers valuable insights into the role of Apolipoprotein E variants in lipid transport and related clinical features. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Yale University School of Medicine have conducted a study using aging rhesus macaques to investigate the early-stage pathology of Alzheimer's disease. The study found that inflammation and age-related factors contribute to tau hyperphosphorylation and amyloid beta generation in the brain. By inhibiting inflammation and restoring calcium regulation, researchers were able to reduce tau hyperphosphorylation in the macaques, suggesting potential therapeutic interventions for Alzheimer's disease. This research provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease progression and potential treatment strategies. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the impact of Apolipoprotein E e4 (APOE4) on microglia-mediated complement-dependent synapse loss in mice with neuronal Tpk deficiency, which mimics features of Alzheimer's disease. Clinical trials using benfotiamine to boost thiamine diphosphate (TDP) levels showed inferior efficacy in APOE4 carriers compared to non-carriers. The study found that APOE4 exacerbates behavior dysfunction in mice with Tpk deficiency through microglia-mediated synaptic elimination, shedding light on the role of APOE4 in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Sichuan University explored the relationship between late-life physical activity, midlife-to-late-life activity patterns, APOE e4 genotype, and cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults. The research found that engaging in moderate to high levels of physical activity was associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment. Maintaining consistent activity levels from midlife to late life was also linked to a reduced risk of cognitive impairment, particularly in APOE e4 non-carriers. The study highlights the importance of promoting overall physical activity levels, especially moderate-intensity activities, to mitigate cognitive decline in older Chinese adults. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses a surgical trial evaluating the impact of the PCSK9 inhibitor evolocumab on tumoral MHC-I expression and CD8+ infiltration in glioma patients. The study found that evolocumab, while well-tolerated, had limited penetration across the blood-brain/tumor barrier. However, increased levels of evolocumab were associated with enhanced MHC-I expression and CD8+ T cell infiltration in tumor tissue. Future research may explore combining evolocumab with therapies to enhance blood-brain barrier penetration. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the University of Melbourne explores the role of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) and Apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (APOER2) in protecting neurons from ferroptotic cell death in Alzheimer's disease. The research suggests that APOE and APOER2 signaling could be potential drug targets to slow down neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. The study was supported by grants from the Alzheimer's Association and the National Health & Medical Research Council of Australia. More information on this research can be found in the journal Alzheimer's & Dementia. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin Madison have found that gut microbes play a role in modulating the effects of the flavonoid quercetin on atherosclerosis. Their study showed that supplementation with quercetin reduced atherosclerosis burden in mice with gut bacteria but not in germ-free mice. The research suggests that bacterial metabolites derived from quercetin may mediate its effects on atherosclerosis. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Hawaii at Manoa conducted a study on the role of the Apolipoprotein E gene (APOEe4) in the relationship between productive and leisure activities and cognitive health. The study, based on data from the Health and Retirement Study, found that employment, volunteering, and leisure activities were associated with higher cognitive functioning levels. However, individuals with at least one APOEe4 allele, known to be at greater risk of cognitive problems, benefited more from low-intensity volunteering and cognitive/physical leisure activities. This research provides insights into potential strategies for promoting cognitive health, especially for those at higher risk. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Simon Fraser University examined the impact of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) e4 allele on cognitive performance in middle- and older-aged Canadians. The study included 26,448 participants aged 45 to 86 years and found that APOE e4 carriers showed greater reductions in cognitive performance as they aged. While physical activity and other modifiable factors were associated with cognitive performance, there was no clear evidence that these associations varied based on APOE e4 carrier status. The findings suggest that APOE e4 status does not alter the relationship between modifiable risk factors and cognitive decline in this population. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the discovery of Isobavachin, a natural flavonoid, as a potential structure corrector for Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) in Alzheimer's disease. ApoE4 is a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, and its instability is linked to the disease's progression. The study suggests that Isobavachin and other flavonoids could stabilize ApoE4 structure, offering a promising therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease. The findings highlight the potential of flavonoids as ApoE4 modulators and propose Isobavachin as a lead candidate for further evaluation. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center discusses the association between plasma phosphorylated tau-181 (p-tau181) and cognition in Alzheimer's disease and dementia. The study found that higher levels of p-tau181 were linked to worse memory, executive functioning, and language abilities, as well as greater informant-reported subjective cognitive decline. These associations varied based on disease stage, genetic risk status, age, and sex, with stronger links observed in individuals with mild cognitive impairment or dementia, APOE e4 carriers, women, and younger participants. The research highlights the importance of considering clinical and demographic factors when studying cognitive outcomes in Alzheimer's disease and dementia. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Florida focused on comparing lipidomic and metabolomic profiles of mdx and severe mdx-apolipoprotein e-null mice. The research aimed to understand the impact of high circulating lipids on severe mdx lesions and the role of the liver in whole-body lipoprotein metabolism. The findings suggest that severe myofiber damage in mdx-ApoE W mice is exacerbated by lipid deposition in muscle and elevated serum lipids, highlighting the potential minor role of the liver in this process. For more information, the full article can be accessed for free at the Skeletal Muscle journal website. [Extracted from the article]

A 73-year-old man developed intracerebral haemorrhage while being treated with lecanemab for Alzheimer's disease. He had a history of hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and type II diabetes, and was also taking other medications. The man experienced microhaemorrhages after receiving multiple infusions of lecanemab, leading to concerns of amyloid-related imaging abnormalities-hemorrhage. Treatment with lecanemab was stopped, resulting in improvement, and the patient was discharged without further interventions. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Al-Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt, focused on the impact of Apolipoprotein E genotyping variations on cognitive outcomes among adult idiopathic generalized epileptic patients. The research found a significant association between epilepsy and cognitive impairment, particularly in attention, memory, and fluency. The study highlighted a distinct cognitive profile in epilepsy patients, regardless of their Apolipoprotein E gene genotype. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine focused on the impact of inhibiting the cholesterol storage enzyme ACAT1/SOAT1 in aging Apolipoprotein E4 mice on their brains' inflammatory profiles. The research highlighted the role of Apolipoprotein E4 and aging as significant risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. The study found that targeting cholesteryl esters and neuroinflammation could be a potential strategy to address APOE4-dependent phenotypes, with promising results from treating primary microglia expressing APOE4 with ACAT inhibitor F12511. The researchers concluded that nanoparticle F12511 could be a novel agent to mitigate late-onset Alzheimer's disease. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses how the APOE4 gene variant affects lipid droplet composition and dynamics, potentially contributing to Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Through proteomic and lipidomic analyses in mice models, researchers found that E4 mice had altered lipid profiles and increased protein levels associated with inflammation and decreased fatty acid metabolism. Additionally, E4 microglia accumulated more lipid droplets and exhibited a pro-inflammatory response compared to E3 microglia, suggesting a potential link between lipid droplets and Alzheimer's disease risk. The study highlights the role of lipid droplets in modulating disease risk and progression, particularly within microglia cells. [Extracted from the article]

A 64-year-old woman experienced moderate amyloid-related imaging abnormalities-oedema and effusion (ARIA-E) and severe ARIA-haemorrhage (ARIA-H) while receiving prophylactic treatment with donanemab. She had APOE4 homozygosity and a family history of Alzheimer's disease. After discontinuing donanemab, her ARIA resolved with treatment, but re-initiating the therapy led to severe ARIA-H and moderate ARIA-E, requiring ICU admission and treatment with methylprednisolone for resolution. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Texas Austin explored the interplay of large neutral amino acids (LNAAs), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and the apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 (ApoE epsilon 4) allele on brain integrity at midlife. The research found significant three-way interactions between serum tryptophan and phenylalanine levels, MetS components, and ApoE epsilon 4 status on white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume. The study suggests personalized metabolic and genetic profile assessments are crucial in managing neurodegenerative diseases, particularly in individuals genetically predisposed to Alzheimer's disease. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Alabama Birmingham focused on the role of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) in Alzheimer's disease, the leading cause of dementia worldwide. The research found that different ApoE alleles can induce lipid accumulation in the brain, with ApoE4 uniquely causing this accumulation independent of a key regulator of lipid production. The study also highlighted that time-restricted feeding (TRF) could prevent ApoE-induced lipid accumulation, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for addressing dysfunction in lipid metabolism associated with ApoE. [Extracted from the article]

Recent studies conducted at Technical University Munich (TU Munich) have shed light on the initiation of Alzheimer's Disease pathology, specifically focusing on the role of apolipoprotein E (APOE) aggregation in microglia. The research suggests that the endocytic uptake and aggregation of APOE by microglia can trigger amyloid plaque formation, contributing to the progression of Alzheimer's Disease. Funded by various organizations, including the German Research Foundation and the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, this peer-reviewed study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases. [Extracted from the article]

The article explores the relationship between premorbid cognitive health, the apolipoprotein e4 genotype, and the incidence of Alzheimer's disease in the UK Biobank study. It discusses how better cognitive performance is associated with a lower risk of Alzheimer's disease and later age of diagnosis, but this protective effect is diminished in individuals with the APOE e4 genotype. The findings suggest that genetic factors play a role in the association between cognitive health and Alzheimer's disease risk, which could have implications for risk assessment and targeted interventions. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by investigators at Boston University examined the relationship between midlife residential greenness and late-life cognitive decline among participants in the Nurses' Health Study. The research found that higher exposure to green spaces in midlife was associated with a slower rate of cognitive decline later in life. The study suggested that green spaces may have a positive impact on cognitive health by providing opportunities for physical activity, social connection, and reducing stress. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore potential gene-environment interactions. [Extracted from the article]

Recent research from New York University (NYU) focuses on the role of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, prognosis, and treatment. The ApoE4 allele is associated with a higher risk of developing AD, while ApoE2 is protective and ApoE3 is considered neutral. Understanding the interactions of ApoE with brain function may lead to novel therapeutic approaches for AD. This peer-reviewed study sheds light on the importance of ApoE in AD research and treatment. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the University of Oviedo in Spain explores the role of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) in Alzheimer's disease, particularly focusing on the E4 isoform. The research highlights the impact of ApoE on cholesterol transport and amyloid metabolism, key factors in Alzheimer's pathogenesis. The study also discusses therapeutic challenges related to lipid-lowering agents, anti-amyloid immunotherapies, and anticoagulants, especially for individuals carrying the ApoE4 gene variant. For more information, the full article can be accessed in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Miami conducted a study on the impact of lifestyle factors on cognitive reserve in older adults, focusing on the moderating effect of apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon 4 status. The study analyzed data from 157 participants aged 45 and older from the Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI). The findings suggest that APOE epsilon 4 carriers may benefit more from certain lifestyle factors, such as mindfulness and social engagement, in preserving cognitive function and delaying dementia onset. The research highlights the importance of integrating genetic screening into personalized prevention strategies for at-risk populations. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the impact of inhibiting the cholesterol storage enzyme ACAT1/SOAT1 in aging Apolipoprotein E4 mice on their brain's inflammatory profiles. APOE4 disrupts cholesterol homeostasis, increases cholesteryl esters, and exacerbates neuroinflammation in brain cells. The study suggests that targeting cholesteryl esters and neuroinflammation could be a novel strategy to ameliorate APOE4 dependent phenotypes, potentially offering a new approach to addressing late-onset Alzheimer's disease. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Mayo Clinic explored the effects of brain-targeting liposome-based APOE2 gene delivery on amyloid accumulation in mice with Alzheimer's disease. The research found that while the gene therapy led to reductions in insoluble amyloid levels, it also increased soluble amyloid levels and exacerbated certain neurodegenerative markers. The study suggests that while the therapy may have benefits for synaptic formation, it could also worsen amyloid toxicity in the presence of a significant amyloid burden. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the impact of APOE genotypes on biological aging and inter-omic associations related to bioenergetics. APOE alleles, particularly epsilon2 and epsilon4, are linked to longevity and Alzheimer's disease risk. The study analyzed metabolite associations across different APOE genotypes, revealing diacylglycerols as top plasma metabolites associated with APOE variants. The findings suggest a connection between bioenergetic pathways and the influence of APOE on aging. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses a study on the impact of the APOE e4 gene on perceptual discrimination in mid-life adults. The research found that individuals carrying the APOE44 allele showed lower accuracy in perceptual judgments compared to those with APOE33 and APOE34 alleles. There was also an interaction between age and APOE e4 gene-dose, with high-risk individuals showing faster response speeds until age 54, but slower thereafter. The study suggests that APOE44 carriers may have compromised medial temporal lobe function by mid-life, potentially due to accelerated tau-aggregation. [Extracted from the article]

Eli Lilly and Company's donanemab, marketed as Kisunla, has received marketing authorization in Great Britain for the treatment of mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease in adult patients who are apolipoprotein E ?4 heterozygotes or non-carriers. Donanemab is the only amyloid plaque-targeting therapy with evidence to support stopping therapy when amyloid plaques are removed. This approval marks a significant step in providing treatment options for Alzheimer's disease in Great Britain, where there are an estimated 982,000 people living with dementia, with a significant economic impact on society. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Indiana University conducted a study on the deletion of Mir-33, a regulator of the Abca1-apoe pathway, in App/ps1 mice to investigate its impact on amyloid pathology. The study found that Mir-33 deletion increased ABCA1 levels, reduced A beta accumulation, and improved microglial function. The research suggests that targeting Mir-33 could be a potential strategy for modulating amyloid levels and microglial function in Alzheimer's disease. The study has been peer-reviewed and offers valuable insights into potential therapeutic targets for Alzheimer's disease. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Stockholm University examined predictors of cognitive aging profiles over a 15-year period in 1,966 older adults in Sweden. The study identified three cognitive aging profiles: maintained high cognition, moderate cognitive decline, and accelerated cognitive decline. Factors such as sex, education, walking speed, smoking, loneliness, diabetes, and genetic markers were found to influence cognitive aging profiles. The research suggests that some of these factors are modifiable, offering insights into domain-specific and general cognitive aging processes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the University of Maryland explores the relationship between cancer history and incident cognitive impairment, revealing an inverse association between the two. The research, funded by organizations such as the National Institutes of Health, highlights the impact of attrition bias on statistical analysis. Different models used in the study showed varying results, emphasizing the importance of choosing appropriate estimands. This peer-reviewed research sheds light on the complex interplay between cancer, cognitive impairment, and mortality. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the impact of the APOE4 gene on cortical neurodevelopment and network formation in human brain organoids. Research shows that APOE4, a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, influences brain structure and function from infancy. The study used induced pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids to demonstrate how APOE4 affects cellular phenotypes, leading to changes in neuron populations, astrocytes, and gene expression, ultimately disrupting network formation and response to GABA. This research provides new insights into the role of APOE4 in cortical neurodevelopment. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Massachusetts General Hospital explored the impact of APOE e4 and e2 variants on plasma neurofilament light chain levels and cognition in individuals with autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD). The research found that APOE e4 accelerated age-related increases in plasma neurofilament light chain, while APOE e2 attenuated the relationship between higher levels of neurofilament light chain and cognitive decline in ADAD. These findings suggest that neurofilament light chain may serve as a useful biomarker for assessing the efficacy of APOE-modifying drugs in the treatment and prevention of ADAD. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from George Emil Palade University of Medicine in Romania explores the roles of Clusterin and Apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathogenesis. Clusterin and Apolipoprotein E play significant roles in regulating amyloid-b deposition and neuronal health in AD. The study highlights the impact of the APOE4 allele on increasing the risk of late-onset AD and aims to develop targeted therapeutic approaches based on a better understanding of AD pathogenesis. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Texas San Antonio focused on using artificial intelligence to identify molecular factors associated with severe diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). The research highlighted the higher prevalence of diabetes and amputations among Hispanic adults in South Texas compared to non-Hispanic white individuals. By analyzing electronic health records and RNA sequencing data, the study found that specific blood tests and protein components were linked to DFU severity, with demographic differences playing a role in the significance of these markers. The integration of extensive data and single-cell transcriptomics allowed for the identification of cell-type-specific factors associated with DFU severity, emphasizing the importance of considering diverse demographics in diabetes research. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute in New York City have discovered that border-associated macrophages (BAMs), a type of myeloid cell, play a role in the neurovascular dysfunction associated with Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4), a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. The study found that BAMs are both sources and effectors of ApoE4, mediating neurovascular dysfunction through reactive oxygen species. This new understanding of BAM pathobiology could have therapeutic implications for the treatment of ApoE4-related cognitive impairment. The research has been published in Nature Neuroscience. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Indiana University have reported new findings on Alzheimer's disease, emphasizing the importance of early detection. The study proposes a multi-factorial approach that integrates amyloid imaging and genotype data to estimate a risk score for early risk assessment. The risk score outperformed amyloid composite standardized uptake value ratio in correlation with cognitive scores and demonstrated strong capability in risk stratification within different subgroups. The researchers concluded that their risk score holds great potential to improve the precision of early risk assessment for Alzheimer's disease. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland, explored the relationship between genetic factors and cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) in breast cancer survivors. The study found that breast cancer survivors with specific genotypes of apolipoprotein E (APOE) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may be at a higher risk for CRCI. The research suggests that integrating genetic phenotyping into clinical practice could help nurses better understand individual susceptibilities and develop personalized strategies for symptom prevention and management. Further investigation is needed to explore the causes of CRCI. [Extracted from the article]

The USPTO has published a patent application titled "Genetically Modified Mouse Expressing Human Apoe4 And Mouse Trem2 P.R47h And Methods Of Use Thereof." The application describes a genetically modified mouse model that exhibits symptoms of non-familial late-onset Alzheimer's disease. The mouse model expresses human APOE4 protein and a modified mouse Trem2 protein with a specific mutation. This model can be used for preclinical trials and screening potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease. The patent application was filed by inventors from The Jackson Laboratory. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Missouri used machine learning algorithms to predict brain age and assess the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by considering the effects of the APOE4 genotype and gender. The study collected brain volumetric MRI data from both cognitively unimpaired individuals and patients with AD. The results showed that patients with AD had significantly older brain ages compared to their chronological ages, and the machine learning models were able to accurately predict brain age and assess AD risk. The study highlights the potential of machine learning models in early detection and prevention of AD. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, explored the use of biomarkers in diagnosing C3 glomerulopathy (C3G), a rare disease that affects the alternative pathway of complement. The researchers found that dense deposit disease (DDD), a subtype of C3G, is characterized by dense osmiophilic mesangial and intramembranous deposits along the glomerular basement membranes (GBM), while the deposits of C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN) are not dense. The study also revealed that apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is enriched in dense deposits in DDD compared to C3GN and control cases. The researchers suggest that ApoE staining could be used as an adjunct to electron microscopy (EM) for the diagnosis of DDD when EM is not available. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Ulsan in South Korea explored the role of wall shear stress (WSS) in the development of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a condition characterized by plaque formation in the arteries, which can lead to serious cardiovascular diseases. The researchers used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis to simulate WSS and studied its correlation with various contributing factors in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. The study found that the difference in WSS between low and high levels increased as the duration of atherosclerosis increased, suggesting a connection between WSS and the development of vulnerable plaques. This research provides valuable insights into the mechanisms and causes of atherosclerosis, which can aid in the prevention and treatment of the disease. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers from the College of Science in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq, aimed to investigate the association between apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphism and gallstone disease (GSD) in Iraqi Kurdish women. The study involved 81 GSD patients and 80 healthy women as controls. The researchers found no significant relationships between genotype and allele frequencies in healthy individuals and GSD patients. However, they observed higher frequencies of the E3/E4 genotype and the APOE4 allele in GSD patients compared to controls. Additionally, GSD patients had higher levels of cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, and very low-density lipoproteins, and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein compared to controls. The study concluded that there was no connection between the examined polymorphisms and gallstone cases, and that gallstone disease and lipid parameters had a favorable relationship. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from the University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee explores the relationship between sex, APOE status, and cortical thickness in middle-aged adults. The study found that females had thicker superior frontal cortices and other brain regions compared to males. Additionally, APOE4-related differences in cortical thickness were more pronounced in females and detectable in middle age, well before the onset of clinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. This research provides valuable insights into the genetic and sex-related factors that may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study published in Genomics & Genetics Weekly explores the topic of global brain asymmetry and its variations in aging and related diseases. The study utilizes machine learning techniques to investigate the structural differences between the left and right hemispheres of the brain and their associations with cognitive functions, aging, and diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. The findings challenge the traditional "right hemi-aging" model and offer a new approach for assessing brain aging and related conditions. It is important to note that this study is a preprint and has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

According to a preprint abstract from biorxiv.org, researchers have investigated the impact of apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4), a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, on intracellular transport in human brain endothelial cells. The study used an optimized protocol to differentiate brain endothelial cells and found that ApoE4 altered the organization of early endosomes, increased transferrin receptor expression, and reduced cytoplasmic iron. These findings suggest that ApoE4 can affect intracellular transport and iron homeostasis at the blood-brain barrier, which may have implications for the delivery of therapeutic antibodies for Alzheimer's disease. It is important to note that this preprint has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]