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A recent study conducted at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences explored the relationship between selenium intake and the risk of osteoarthritis. The systematic review and meta-analysis of seven cross-sectional studies with 412,998 participants found that selenium intake increased the risk of osteoarthritis by 26%. However, there was no statistically significant relationship between serum selenium levels and the risk of osteoarthritis. Further research in this area is recommended to confirm these findings. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Mackay Medical College have developed a ceramic composite bone graft using calcium sulfate, b-tricalcium phosphate, and graphene oxide nanoparticles to address the limitations of traditional bone grafts. The study found that the compressive strength of the graft improved by 135% and the degradation rate slowed by 25.5% compared to the control model. Additionally, the addition of graphene oxide nanoparticles enhanced cell compatibility and promoted bone repair in both in-vitro and in-vivo models. This research suggests that the mixed ceramic composites could be a promising alternative for bone graft applications in orthopedics and dentistry. [Extracted from the article]

Research conducted at Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan, has explored a new dental treatment method using powder jet deposition to create hydroxyapatite films on human enamel. The study found that these films exhibited higher acid resistance compared to human enamel, although some films experienced peeling due to stress bias. The research suggests that blasting particles in multiple directions may help prevent such issues. This peer-reviewed study provides valuable insights into improving dental treatments and materials. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Nanjing explored the impact of different aluminum coordination structures on its activation during soil acidification. The research found that minerals and soils containing Al-O tetrahedrons released more aluminum compared to those with Al-O octahedrons. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of aluminum release in different soil types, aiding in the understanding of soil acidification and aluminum activation. The findings were published in the journal Pedosphere and were supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Guangxi University of Science and Technology conducted a study on the modification of red clay using calcium carbonate to improve its properties. The study found that a 20% calcium carbonate content reduced the plastic and liquid limits of the clay, as well as decreased the Montmorillonite content and shrinkage coefficient. The research also explored the impact of calcium carbonate on microscopic pores and developed a model for predicting the behavior of the modified soil. This study provides valuable insights for practical applications in soil modification. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Payame Noor University in Tehran, Iran, explored the relationship between geological factors, minerals, and public health outcomes. The research reviewed 1561 publications from 1992 to 2024, highlighting a direct link between minerals and diseases due to deficiencies or excess in the food chain. The study suggests that further investigations in medical geology could lead to advancements in disease prevention and treatment methods, emphasizing the need for collaboration among medical, health, and earth science researchers. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Zagazig University in Egypt conducted a study on the potential of selenium nanoparticles and a newly fabricated selenium nanoparticles with vitamin C nanocomposite in mitigating testicular toxicity induced by nicotine in rats. The study involved different groups of adult Wistar rats receiving various treatments over a 28-day period. Results showed that the selenium nanoparticles with vitamin C nanocomposite demonstrated a more potent ameliorative effect on nicotine-induced reproductive toxicity compared to selenium nanoparticles alone. The researchers concluded that this nanocomposite could be used to develop enhanced therapeutic strategies for male infertility. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences conducted a study on the biocompatibility of a novel hydroxyapatite-based endodontic sealer enriched with silicon and strontium ions in rats. The study compared different sealers and found that commercially available sealers exhibited better biocompatibility than the experimental sealer. While some tissue reactions decreased over time with certain sealers, the experimental sealer did not show the same improvements. The research was published in the Journal of Dental Materials and Techniques and can be accessed for further information. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been submitted for a new injectable parenteral nutrition that contains trace elements and remains stable for a longer period of time. This would save time and money by reducing the need for frequent mixing and improve the quality of life for patients and caregivers. The patent application outlines the specific amounts of zinc, copper, selenium, and manganese per 1 mL of the injectable, and aims to create a stable and customizable product that can be made in daily doses or batches. The application also includes methods for making and administering the nutrition to adult, pediatric, and neonate patients. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for a laser-based computer-controlled dental preparation system. The system aims to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of dental treatments by using a computer-controlled optical system to direct a laser beam to a selected treatment area. This allows for precise targeting of affected areas and avoids unnecessary treatment of unaffected areas, resulting in less pain for patients. The system also allows for the adjustment of the energy profile of the laser beam and includes a feedback-controlled beam guidance system for precise targeting. Overall, this technology represents an advancement in laser-based dental treatment systems. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the National Science and Technology Development Agency in Thailand have developed a new type of bone graft called polycaprolactone-infiltrated three dimensionally printed hydroxyapatite (3DP HA/PCL). This bone graft is created by infiltrating polycaprolactone into preformed three-dimensional-printed hydroxyapatite using binder jetting technology and a low-temperature phase transformation process. The researchers aimed to develop a fabrication process for 3DP HA/PCL bone graft granules using solution infiltration and liquid agitation, and they investigated the effects of different solution concentrations and agitating liquids on the properties of the resulting composites. The study found that the 50% PCL solution with the NMP-DI mixture demonstrated overall desirable properties in terms of microstructure, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the Department of Engineering Enzo Ferrari in Modena, Italy have published a new report on Chemicals and Chemistry. The study examines the influence of anionic silica forms in clear sodium silicate precursors on metakaolin geopolymerisation. The researchers found that the timing of the preparation of the alkaline activator is crucial for a correct mix design. The study also explores the effects of aging on the reticulation of metakaolin-based geopolymers and the chemical stability of the hardened geopolymers. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from investigators at Northeast Agricultural University in Harbin, China discusses the construction and characterization of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) stabilized by cranberry polyphenols (CPs) and their protective effects on erythrocyte hemolysis. The researchers obtained CPs through ultrasound-assisted extraction and purification, and then developed a green synthesis method for SeNPs using CPs as reducing agents. Two types of SeNPs (CP-SeNPs1 and CP-SeNPs2) were successfully constructed and characterized, with CP-SeNPs2 demonstrating more significant antioxidant activity compared to CP-SeNPs1. The study highlights the potential of CPs in stabilizing SeNPs and their application in protecting against erythrocyte hemolysis. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Hohai University in Nanjing, China, explores the use of self-sensing concrete for structural monitoring. The study focuses on the effects of carbon fibers on the mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, and piezoresistive properties of cement-based composites. The addition of 0.6 vol% carbon fibers was found to significantly improve the mechanical and electrical properties of the composites. The research provides valuable insights into the modification mechanisms of carbon fibers in self-sensing cement-based composites. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys in Brazil have developed a low-cost immunosensor for the detection of Chagas disease. The disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by triatomine insects, is endemic in impoverished communities in America. The researchers used pencil graphite electrodes functionalized with polymer films to create the immunosensor, and found that poly(4HPA) was the most effective material for recognizing anti-T. cruzi antibodies. The immunosensor showed high specificity and accuracy in detecting Chagas disease, making it a promising tool for rapid diagnosis. [Extracted from the article]

A research study conducted at Seoul National University in South Korea investigated the formation of crystals in dentinal tubules using tricalcium silicate (TCS) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The study found that TCS with nanosized particles formed hydroxyapatite-like crystals in the dentinal tubules, which were dependent on the concentration of PBS and the duration of exposure. The crystals were able to withstand sonication and acid application. This research provides valuable insights into the potential use of TCS in reducing discomfort caused by dentin hypersensitivity. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Hokkaido University in Japan explores the reinforcing mechanism of graphene oxide (GO) in cementitious materials. The researchers synthesized calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) samples with and without GO and analyzed them using various techniques. The results showed that the incorporation of GO enhances the polymerization and crystallinity of CSH, leading to a more ordered and denser structure. This improvement in the microstructure of CSH results in enhanced load transfer, improved crystal interlocking, and improved mechanical properties and durability of cementitious materials. The study was supported by JST SPRING and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden, have made advances in the field of chemicals and chemistry by developing a method for producing green hydrogen from water at a neutral pH. Green hydrogen is a clean and sustainable energy source that can be used for energy storage. The researchers created three molecular electrodes using cobalt-containing electrocatalysts and different ligand frameworks, and found that the electrode with Co-porphyrin was the most efficient for water reduction. The study also demonstrated the long-term stability of hydrogen production from these electrodes. Further research is needed to optimize the process and improve efficiency. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Majmaah University in Saudi Arabia examined the knowledge and practice of primary health physicians in the country regarding the use of vitamins and minerals for the treatment of hair loss. The study found that doctors had low scores in both knowledge and practice related to the causes and treatment of hair loss. The researchers recommend the development of guidelines to improve practice and suggest that future studies should focus on different physician groups separately. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Alexandria University examined the fracture resistance of different types of pressable glass-ceramics used for partial coverage restorations on upper premolars. The study compared the fracture resistance of pressable zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate with pressable lithium disilicate ceramic and evaluated the optimal preparation design for partial coverage. The results showed that zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate exhibited greater resistance to fracture compared to lithium disilicate, suggesting it could be a potential substitute for partial coverage restorations. Additionally, the overlay preparation design showed superior fracture resistance compared to the vonlay preparation design. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology have developed a new method for creating antibacterial scaffolds for orthopedic and dental applications. The researchers doped hydroxyapatite (HA) with transition metal oxides, such as ZnO and MgO, and loaded tannic acid (TA) as an antibacterial agent. The resulting scaffold showed a 98% antibacterial efficacy against S. aureus without any adverse effects on cell lines. This research provides an alternative strategy for creating antibacterial scaffolds in the field of musculoskeletal reconstruction. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Navi Mumbai, India, explored the use of nanohydroxyapatite in dental composite resins. The researchers aimed to evaluate the microhardness of experimental dental composite resins containing nano-hydroxyapatite, zirconia, and glass filler particles. Using the Taguchi's method of optimization, they developed a regression model to obtain a composite with optimum microhardness. The results showed that the experimental dental composite resins had superior microhardness compared to commercially available composite resins. This research provides valuable insights into the potential use of nanohydroxyapatite in dentistry. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic presents findings on selenaborane cluster compounds. The research reveals a correlation between chemical shifts and the coordination of selenium atoms within their borane frameworks. The study suggests that the measured and calculated Se-77 NMR chemical shifts can be used as a predictive tool to assess the chemical shift range of a selenium vertex in a compound, reducing the need for expensive experimental time. The research also introduces a new macropolyhedral 20-vertex selenaborane compound. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Duque de Caxias, Brazil, investigated the use of real-time electrical impedance to assess the cytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANPs) on A549 cells. The study found that the electrical impedance technique was accurate and reliable in measuring cell index (CI) and detecting subtle cytotoxic effects. The researchers observed different cell responses to the nanoparticles, with AgNPs causing an initial cell response followed by a decrease in cell adhesion, while HANPs showed a potential recovery in cell proliferation capacity. The study highlights the efficacy of real-time electrical impedance in assessing nanoparticle cytotoxicity and suggests that high-throughput screening can enhance nanomaterial safety evaluations. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Riga Technical University in Latvia explored the influence of crystallinity and porosity on the qualities of endodontic cement and natural hydroxyapatite-based biomaterials. The researchers examined a biphasic biomaterial consisting of natural hydroxyapatite and endodontic cement and tested three different concentrations of the composite material. The study found that the material with the highest porosity and a crystallite size similar to hydroxyapatite in natural bone showed potential as a bone substitute material. This research has been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into the development of composite materials for bone substitution. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at the University of Indonesia compared the biomineralization potential of two calcium silicate-based sealers, Ceraseal and AH Plus Bioceramic. The researchers evaluated the deposition of apatite in root canal dentin and measured pH increases. The results showed that Ceraseal had better biomineralization potential and greater alkalizing activity compared to AH Plus Bioceramic. This research provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of different sealers in dentistry. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the College of Life Sciences at Ningxai University in China have conducted a study on selenium-enriched yeasts with enhanced aroma and high alcohol production. The researchers used endophytic yeast from Lycium barbarum and employed mutagenesis techniques to obtain yeast strains with desirable fermentation characteristics. The results showed that the mutagenic strains M1-5 and M16-28 exhibited increased alcohol and aroma production, respectively, compared to their parent strains. These findings have potential applications in the development of fermented foods and selenium-rich functional products. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Manipal Academy of Higher Education in Karnataka, India, compared the physical properties of different root canal sealers. The study evaluated the flow, solubility, and pH of AH Plus sealer, Bio-C Sealer, and Cerafill RCS. The results showed that Bio-C Sealer had higher flow and solubility compared to Cerafill RCS, while AH Plus exhibited the least solubility. Calcium silicate-based sealers had a higher pH than resin-based sealers. The study concluded that both resin-based and calcium silicate-based sealers have acceptable flow, but calcium silicate sealers have high solubility and an alkaline pH. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for a gypsum board with an improved starch binder. The invention relates to the composition of gypsum board, specifically the use of acid-modified starch binders. Gypsum board is commonly made from a mixture of dry and wet ingredients, including calcium sulfate hemihydrate and starch. The addition of an aqueous foam to the gypsum slurry can enhance fluidity but may reduce compressive strength and the bond between the core and facing material. The patent describes methods for producing gypsum board with improved properties, including controlling the migration of starch and chemically modifying the starch to improve cooking and reduce hydrogen bonding. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been submitted for a device and method for analyzing a gaseous sample, specifically focusing on the measurement of fine quartz dust content in the air. The invention aims to provide a device that can be carried by workers on construction sites to determine their exposure to quartz dust throughout the day. The device uses Raman scattering to analyze the particles in the sample and evaluate their composition. It is designed to be robust, easy to operate, and capable of distinguishing between different forms of silicon dioxide. The patent application provides detailed descriptions of the components and methods involved in the device. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Federal University of Lavras in Brazil explored the use of selenium (Se) as a nutrient in tomato plants to increase its concentration in the fruits. The study found that applying a multi-nutrient fertilizer containing selenium to tomato crops increased the selenium content in the fruits and enhanced their shelf life. Additionally, the application of selenium fertilizer resulted in higher levels of carotenoids, lycopene, antioxidant activity, total phenolic compounds, and vitamin C in the tomatoes. These findings contribute to reducing food waste and improving the nutritional quality of tomatoes. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the Department of Mechanical Engineering in Bhagalpur, India, explored the use of silicon dioxide nanoparticles in dental composites. The researchers found that the addition of 10 weight-% of these nanoparticles improved the mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the composites, increasing micro-hardness by 126.1%, compressive strength by 7.6%, and flexural strength by 28.8%. However, physical properties such as void content and water sorption were increased by 10% and 25% respectively. The study was peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of using nanoparticles in dental materials. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Peking University have published a study on trace element detection in anhydrous minerals using micro-scale quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The study aims to understand the distribution of volatiles in these minerals and their impact on the physical properties of rocks. The researchers developed an approach using NMR spectroscopy that demonstrated excellent agreement with standard methods and enhanced detection capabilities for volatiles in geologically important systems. This research provides valuable insights into the evolution of rocky planets and planetesimals. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Russian Academy of Sciences explores the biogeochemical aspects of the transformation of humic substances and silicate rocks during freezing-thawing. The research focuses on the dangerous natural phenomena, such as landslides, that occur due to seasonal temperature fluctuations in northern regions. The study examines the biotransformation of sodium humate and changes in the microstructure of silicate rock under various conditions of cyclic freezing-thawing. The researchers found that Actinomyces sp. 45VD, a strain of microorganisms, exhibited high biogeochemical activity and played a significant role in the leaching of elements from the rock. The study concludes that Actinomyces sp. 45VD is responsible for the formation of various biominerals. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Al-Azhar University examined the interfacial gaps and mechanical impact of different restorative materials in dentistry. The study compared the performance of Cention Forte and Equia Forte restorations with two forms of Calcium Silicate Cements (CSCs) at two time intervals. The results showed that there were no gaps between the CSCs interfaces of both types with all restorations. The study concluded that the delayed application of Cention Forte over CSCs is beneficial for the long-term survival of the filling, while immediate application of Cention Forte without primer is better. Additionally, the delayed application of Equia Forte over MTA angelus powder is more significant. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Khon Kaen University in Thailand explores the use of metakaolin/hydroxyapatite (MK/HAp) composites as potential bone substitutes. The researchers investigated the effects of hydroxyapatite content on the properties and characteristics of the composites. The results showed that increasing the HAp content led to enhanced bioactivity, increased cell viability, and bone-like apatite formation on the composite surfaces. However, the compressive strength of the composites decreased with higher HAp content. The study suggests that a HAp content of 50% or higher is needed to match the apatite formation and strength of human bones. [Extracted from the article]