Search

Presents a list of abstracts and papers in geography as of March 1929. "The Physical Factors Affecting the Agricultural Utilization of the Southern Rocky Mountains," by Rollin S. Atwood; "Some Open Problems in the Physiograph of North America," by Wallace W. Atwood; "Significant Geographic Aspects of the Exploratory Period in the History of Central America," by Nels A. Bengston.

Presents a list of titles and abstracts of papers regarding geography presented to the Association of American Geographers from 1904 to 1910.

Presents titles and abstracts of articles published in the March 1946 issue of "Annals of the Association of American Geographers." "Topographic Models in World War II," by Wallace W. Atwood; "A Map of Ohio Trade Centers in 1939," by James R. Beck; "Objectives and Course Offerings in College Geography," by Nels A. Bengtson.

Presents abstracts of research papers and speeches on geographic study. Erosion cycle in a rugged mountain region and changes in settlement patterns at the eastern Canadian Arctic; Contributions of U.S. scientists to the geographic knowledge of the Central Pacific; Establishment of a unique climatic study.

Studies the abstracts of several research papers on geography in 1931. Population changes; Regional physiography; Regional shifts in land use.

Presents several abstracts for articles on economic geography. "Unity and Diversity in Southeastern Asia," by Jan O. M. Broek; "The Annual Thermal Cycle of Lake Michigan," by Phil E. Church; "Asia's Post-War Geography," by George B. Cressey; "Vincennes, Indiana: A Study in Urban Geography," by Alden Cutshall.

Presents abstracts of articles from the Association of American Geographers in 1940. "The Relations of Some Texas Soils to Their Parent Materials"; "The Historic Indians of Louisiana"; "Louisiana Foods".

Presents abstracts of articles related to geography as of March 1933. "Agricultural Migration and the National Welfare"; "Geographic Forces in the Development of the American Sugar Beet Industry"; "The Highlands of Guatemala".

Presents abstracts of articles related to geography. "Tornado Frequencies in the United States and Their Relation to Storm Tracks"; "Notes on thePhysiography of the Southern Maracaibo Lowland of Venezuela".

The article presents titles and abstracts of various research articles, related to geography. "A Canoe Journey in Southeastern Labrador," by Henry G. Bryant is about Labrador, which with its large unexplored areas and comparative accessibility, presents an attractive field for the pioneer explorer. The Atlantic seaboard is desolate owing to climatic conditions produced by the Labrador current. In addition to that, the article presents information on various other abstracts related to geography.

The article presents abstracts of research related to geography. They include "Love, Haight and Beyond: A Geographical Exploration of the Haight-Ashbury, San Francisco," by Clark Akatiff, "People Geographies and Students' Worlds," by James P. Allen and "Variations in Viability: A Study of Economic Health in the Pacific Northwest," by Burton Anderson.

The article presents abstracts of geographic education presented at the Annual Meetings. They include "The Face of Northern Interior California," by David W. Lantis, "Six Nights in Baluçhistan, or …," by David E. Sopher, and "Blueprint for Latin America: Factories or Farms," by Langdon C. White.

The article presents information on the papers that were submitted by researchers Earney and Mason on iron ore pellets published by the "Annals," in September 1969. Both papers contain some questionable statements and data. The paper by Mason contains a number of factual errors, and the statistical data used for analysis are inaccurate and, in some cases, practically meaningless. Some of the points that were noticed in the papers are presented in the article. The modest increase from fourteen to seventeen million tons between 1955 and 1960 was dramatically outstripped by pellet production in 1965 as output more than doubled from seventeen to thirty-eight million tons. These figures apparently are not from any publication of the U. S. Bureau of Mines, contrary to the implication given by Mason.

This paper, by showing various applications of infrared imagery, is intended to stimulate thinking among geographers toward the potentiality of airborne infrared imaging systems as geographic research tools. By making use of the capabilities of airborne infrared systems the researcher will gain valuable supplemental information which in many cases is unattainable from conventional aerial photography. The geographer interested in earth science investigations will find infrared imaging systems quite valuable in the determination of certain geological formations and structural features. Hydrographic features, owing to the variation in land-water heat capacities, show quite well on most infrared imagery. Certain types of vegetation may be differentiated more readily in the infrared, than in the visible, portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Other applications to archeological research, rural applications, such as wildlife inventories, and urban investigations, such as commuter studies are also suggested. High resolution infrared radiometers are already being used to great advantage in meteorological studies from orbital altitudes. By applying infrared imaging devices in their research geographers, while gaining valuable supplemental information, may provide data useful in systems development. At present, the geographer may find it difficult to apply infrared sensors to his research because of the relative expense of the system or U.S. Department of Defense security classification of the imagery, but he should be prepared to employ this new tool as more infrared imagery is declassified and more systems come into use.

The article focuses on the utilization of quick color-lift transparencies to the teaching of earth science adopted in many educational system in the U.S. Audio-visual media are employed in earth science education in which most physical elements of the earth's surface have been presented to students through the use of globes, maps and other related instructional materials. Thus, there arise the use of aerial photograph, film or transparency which permit teachers not only to cover more subject matter but to offer more learning experience. The overhead transparency is currently used by more and more teachers but in a number of school system.

This paper reviews ideas of American geographers on geographic land form analysis and proposes a framework within which geographic land form studies can be identified and related to other land form studies. The following approaches are identified as geographic 1) descriptive analysis of the present land form, 2) functional analysis of land form, 3) analytical studies of the covariation of individual land form elements; and 4) analytical studies of spatial variations in land form. Selected methods used in such studies are summarized and evaluated. Special emphasis is placed or descriptive methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of INFOR is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Focuses on the importance of enlarged international contacts for the Association of American Geographers in the U.S. Significance of first-hand reports on geographers and geography in a session in a meeting; Presentation of a paper on China; Invitation for a Russian geographer to attend the meeting.

Profiles William Morris Davis, leader in geomorphology and geography. Career development; Work in meteorology;Work in geology; Work in geomorphology; Work in other phases of geography; Professional standards.

Pays tribute to Professor Albert Perry Brigham, one of the charter members of the Association of American Geographers. Contributions of Brigham to the association; Development of human geography.

This treatise is a summary of the temperature aspect of climate only. Concise statements of the ways in which certain aspects of climate differ from place to place are given in some texts and treatises dealing with meteorology and climatology. The aim of this paper is to point out and explain those relations which correspond, in so far as the nature of the subject permits, to the laws of other sciences. Some of the "laws" that have been included are, laws concerning the heating and cooling of the earth, distribution of heat in point of time, distribution of heat over the earth, delay of heating and cooling, diurnal range and seasonal range.

The article presents information about various papers related to geophysics. Some of the paper includes "Instability of a Periodic System of Faults," by M. Campillo, C. Dascalu and I.R. Ionescu; "Magnitude Calibration of North Indian earthquakes," by N.N. Ambraseys and J. Douglas; "An ellipticity criterion in magnetotelluric tensor analysis," by M. Becken and H. Burkhardt; "Delay Times and Shear Wave Splitting in the Mediterranean Region," by C. Schmid, S. van der Lee and D. Giardini. "Elastic wave modelling in heterogeneous media with high velocity contrasts," by J. Zhang.

Geographical researcher John C. Hudson's recent paper on "A Location Theory for Rural Settlement," is an important addition to the sparse literature on this aspect of geography, especially as he emphasizes the need to give further consideration to the process of settling in order to understand settlement form. One can expect that Hudson's theoretical contributions and methodology will be employed in other empirical investigations. There is a need in the measurement and interpretation of rural settlement patterns both on a theoretical and on a more local descriptive level, to differentiate between the patterns created by farm holdings and those resulting from farmhouse distributions.

Most cities are influenced by those cultures which they serve and represent. At the same time, the cultures are influenced by their respective cities. This mutual relationship among cities and cultures constitutes a complex of processes of functional interrelationships. The geographic approach to these processes leads to the delimitation of twelve major world-regions and several sub-regions that are characterized by the areally varying processes associating cities and cultures. A system of world-regions of this nature is proposed in the present paper. The proposed system places every city of the world into a hierarchy of functional regions, far beyond the city's own hinterland. Every city is then visualized as a molder and reflector of its cultural environment. In addition, the following implications of such a regional system on the field of urban geography are discussed. First, the urban geographer is able to contribute to regional studies by considering the influence the cities have upon a given region. Secondly, the urban geographer adds another aspect to the research on any city by purposely studying the city as the expression of the surrounding cultural realm. Thirdly, the proposed regions are a tool for systematic and comparative study on the regional variation of cities from one culture-region to another.

This paper presents three methods for mapping levels of economic development and applies each to the case of India. First, to provide a substantive addition to knowledge about the economic geography of India; second, to demonstrate that even within nations generally recognized simply as "underdeveloped" one can meaningfully map differential sub-levels of development; and third, to stimulate critical discussion of the various methods by which maps of economic development can be made. The chief statistical problem is how best to combine the several series of individual indices into a single set of areal ratings.

Over wide areas of the earth the railroad has been a decisive instrument in the creation of many of the most important patterns of human geography. Railroads are clearly phenomena of prime geographical interest, yet if it is true that "each means of transport has its own technological characteristics and its spatial layout, or network," it is equally true that their understanding of the inherent geographical implications of these characteristics and networks is far from satisfactory. The following paper attempts to add a further dimension to this common quest by focusing upon the comparative genetic character of two railroad networks.

Explores the relationship of boundaries to their geographical and historical milieu. Common assumption regarding the boundaries of primitive men; Compatibility of definite boundaries with depopulated defensive zones; Role of kinship and territory in political organization.

The United States (U.S.) geoscience literature is employed as a vehicle to study the phenomenon of obsolescence. Problems investigated include the classical and ephemeral aspects of subject literatures, diversity among narrowly defined literatures within broadly defined subject literatures, and the effect of literature growth on obsolescence. Comparisons are made: 1. among time-frequency bibliographs based on citation counts from each of twelve major journals published in 1969; 2. between bibliographs of three major journals for the years 1969 and 1949; and 3. between uncorrected and corrected obsolescence curves. Each journal yields citation patterns comprised of both an ephemeral and a classical literature component. Within this framework apparent obsolescence varies across a broad spectrum, from physics/chemistry-oriented geoscience subdisciplines with relatively short "half-lives," to those biology-oriented with relatively long "half-lives," Obsolescence rates of traditional geoscience fields seem to vary little between 1949 and 1969 in contrast to thor of fast-changing fields such as solid earth geophysics. The relationship between obsolescence curves uncorrected and corrected for growth suggests the operation of factors that control research fronts. The effect of literature size on obsolescence, though minor for the recent literature, is more pronounced for the classical literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the excursion of the Association of American Geographers in December 1940. Field excursion following the Baton Rouge, Louisiana meeting.

Presents information on exhibits participating in the annual congress of the Association of American Geographers in Ann Arbor, Michigan in 1938. Portrayal of the physical aspects of the earth through maps, graphs, photographs, instruments and other archaeological objects; Exhibit on retail trade, manufacturing industries, and land use; Scientific cartography in the Soviet Union.

Presents a field work approach to geographic regions in the U.S. in 1948. Examination of regions between James Bay and Lake Ontario; Physical features of the region; Signs of human or animal occupancy of respectable size.

Explores the physiographic divisions of the U.S. Explanations concerning the need of natural divisions; Details of the work of the Association of American Geographers; Account of the designation by professor W. M. Davis of dominant factors in topography.

Delves into the Association of American Geographers in the U.S. Discussion of the organization of the association; Identification of the association's presidents; Analysis of the National Council of Geography Teachers.

The article focuses on regionalism and permanent peace. Regional theory offers a practical means whereby the peace may be made both just and permanent. That, in the fewest possible words, is the thesis this paper will attempt to support. However, that regional principles may be used to achieve a just and permanent peace only if they are implemented by men of detailed knowledge and broad understanding from such fields as anthropology, economics, geography, history, political science, and sociology working in closest collaboration with statesmen who are more interested in setting up a stable world organization than in securing immediate advantages for their own particular classes, races, or nations. Regionalism as it has evolved through the contributions of many scholars from many fields, holds that security can be achieved only through order and that order is attained only through recognizing regions of whatever size and for whatever purpose as being parts of integrated wholes. But regional theory also stresses the strength to be attained through diversity and therefore emphasizes the minimal nature of the restrictions to be imposed by the whole.

The U.S. Geological Survey's extensive bibliographic contributions to the earth sciences began in 1887 with the publication of the Bibliography of North American Geology. The back-of-the-book indexing system for this and other serials is a partially controlled, 3-level hierarchical scheme of subject headings. Beginning in 1962 computer compatible electronic typesetting equipment was used for bibliographic and abstracts publications with an eye to eventual automated storage and retrieval. A search for an existing retrieval system that could be integrated with the existing publishing program without re-indexing and would also meet the myriad operational and hardware constraints of the Survey's computer center resulted, in 1968, in the adoption of GIPSY (Generalized Information Processing System) developed by the University of Oklahoma. A particularly noteworthy feature of GIPSY is the ability to search variable-field, variable-length records for words, word stems, and prefixes or suffixes. Moreover, retrieved records may be printed in pre-defined formats or formatted is fixed-field, fixed-length records for direct input to other programs, which facilitates exchange of data with other systems. Initial user resistance to automated literature searching was partially overcome by reducing the unwieldy printout to conventional page size and presenting the output in a bibliographic format very similar to the published bibliographies. It was generally felt by the users that more than 10 years of coverage are needed in order for earth scientists to consider that their searches have a reasonable chance of being useful because of the relatively long half-life of geologic literature. Searches of abstracts provided better recall of relevant documents than search of index terms alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent work on the distribution of central places has suggested that, when defined in terms of the range and threshold of a good, a hierarchical spatial structure of central places will occur The results of a central place investigation Presented here show that variations in the settlement pattern of an area preclude such a development. Instead, variations in the ratio between threshold and range values show that, in any part of the area studied, the spatial structure of central places does not correspond with an overall hierarchy.

The American public high school of today is without counterpart in any other country. There are about twenty thousand high schools in the U.S. of three years and four years educational span. For many years past professional geography has had slight contact with secondary education. Professional geographers by and large, hold opinions on the high school that arise from individual experience with isolated schools and from an awareness of a lack of geographic background on the part of college students. Geographers tend to deplore what they hear about the school social studies programs.

Presents terrain diagrams in isometric projection. Problems involving geologic structure; Projection sequence of a simple land form; Maps.

Focuses on the place of geomorphology in the geographic sciences. Methods of teaching the elements of physical geography; Geomorphology as a part of geography.

Focuses on the distribution and affinities of Mexican mammals. Geographic ranges of genera; Natural units of the area.

Discusses the formulation of objectives of geographic research in the United States. Sequent occupance as a geographic concept; Genetic studies; Remedial studies.

The article presents some comments of geographical researchers on the research papers submitted by them. Just because settlers prefer to locate farmhouses close to a road does not mean that in doing this they also choose non-central locations with respect to the rest of the farm. Working land on both sides of a road is quite common. Also, the tendency of farmhouses to cluster along a highway can be discerned via machine map reading techniques. Quadrant sizes smaller than the period of the road network would detect these. And such linear clusters would not, of course, be related to the settlement processes that are discussed in "A Location Theory for Rural Settlement," by J.C. Hudson.

The recent and important article by Robert David Sack misses the crucial philosophical point of "spatial prediction." All the concepts of temporal prediction correspond to spatial prediction. The invention of a new word obscures the central point that the new application of prediction automatically picks up all the power and utility of the old. Descriptive statistics becomes location theory in geography. The purpose of thinking about how best to do geography is to do better geography.

In the book "The Insurgent State: Territorial Bases of Revolution," by Robert W. McColl has served the very useful purpose of focusing attention on the territorial and spatial aspects of insurgent revolutions. Much of the literature in the field of revolution is concerned with political or socio economic factors, or has such a heavy ideological and polemical content that the essential spatial elements are often overlooked. The growing body of research on revolutionary behavior and the use of violence for political and social purposes tends to be concentrated, not unexpectedly, at the higher levels of spatial aggregation. Nations are treated as points in space, and environments are apparently assumed to be homogeneous over large areas approach.

The article presents the author's perspective on the evolution of a venture in Antarctic science. He states that Antarctica, at last, had become an international laboratory, a far cry from the days when plans and movements were discussed in code or cypher lest someone else should forestall the next move. He describes the development of the British Antarctic Survey from a paramilitary operation in World War II and its present work. He hopes that scientists are allowed to continue their studies uninterrupted by outside influences from an over-populated world. INSET: THE CROSSING OF ANTARCTICA.

The article presents the author's view on the development of meteorological knowledge about Antarctica. He says that the question of world-wide pollution is a pressing one and promises to become even more serious and the increase of carbon dioxide, DDT and lead in Antarctica indicates that it is becoming contaminated by man-made pollutants. He emphasizes that it is time to establish stations to measure all aspects of this contamination in order to provide a base line against which to compare future conditions.