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Aim. Tennis is a complex sport, that includes elements and technical procedures that are manifested through executions of great finesse and precision. This sport requires perfect coordination and timing of movements, speed of reaction, execution and movement, precision during the execution of shots, resistance to effort and stress."The question of the correct shot in tennis has been debated over time by many connoisseurs of this sport. Various theories have led to the birth of the myth that incorrect shots are caused by execution errors. The factors that can cause an ineffective shot are not only of a technical nature, mentioning here the weather, the playing surface, and even the opponent. Thus, each shot is unique, and depends on several variables." (Ciocan, A. (2011) pp. 68) Methods. The experimental research undertaken within the thesis, as a result of consulting a vast specialized bibliography, aims to identify new scientific research approaches - the consolidation and improvement of the model of technical training of attack shots for tennis players at the age of 12-14 by establishing the methodology of action with means and methods included in the development of the modeling process of the tennis game. Conclusions. The bibliographic study will allow the elaboration of the structure and content of the training process, in shaping the technique of attack shots in the game of tennis at the age of 12-14 years. We can conclude that the offensive tennis game has materialized in results at the highest level, the performance requiring an exceptional genetic material, systematic, periodized training with a well-organized basic structure in which the athlete's evolution is conditioned by the level of development of specific motor capacities, of acquiring the technique of attacking shots at a higher level of preparation, adopting a modern concept of the game. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Birch tar was the first adhesive produced by humans. Its study has consequences for our understanding of human evolution and the development of specialised craftsmanship. One of the better‐documented birch tar making methods is the 'double‐pot' technique, where two containers are used, one containing bark, the other collecting the tar. Birch tar made with double‐pots has low viscosity and bad adhesive properties. To obtain a usable adhesive, it must be reduced in volume by cooking. We investigate the evolution of tar's mechanical properties during cooking. We use lap‐shear tests to investigate strength, stiffness and failure behaviour. We found that tar must be cooked for 90 min to acquire adhesive properties. When cooked for longer, strength and stiffness increase over a 30 min lasting time span. Cooking for even longer, beyond this 30 min window, produced a substance that could no longer be used as an adhesive. The implications are that tar cooking requires a high level of skill because specific signs indicating the desired properties must be recognised during the process. Tar cooking constitutes a supplementary investment in time and resources and appears to be associated with a certain degree of risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Technical skills have many areas of application in general practice and are a dimension of medical competence. Several studies have attempted to describe the technical procedures performed in general practice but most had limitations in the data collection process, the scope of the procedures addressed, or the healthcare actors involved. No French comparable data have been published. The aim of the present study was therefore to describe the frequency and type of technical procedures in French general practice, and to assess their determinants, in particular rurality. Methods: The present study was ancillary to the ECOGEN (Eléments de la COnsultation en médecine GENérale) study, which was an observational cross-sectional, multicentre, nationwide study conducted in 128 French general practices. Data were collected on 20 613 patient–GP encounters, including the characteristics of GPs and encounters, as well as the health problems managed during the encounter and their associated processes of care; the latter two variables were coded according to the International Classification of Primary Care classification. The GPs’ practice location was first classified as rural area, urban cluster, or urban area; the former two categories were combined for analysis. The various technical procedures were classified according to the framework of the International Classification of Process in Primary Care. The frequency of each technical procedure was compared according to GP practice location. The dependent variable analysed was the performance of at least one technical procedure per each health problem managed. Bivariate analysis was performed for all independent variables followed by multivariate analysis for key variables, using a hierarchical model including three levels: the physician, the encounter, the health problem managed. Results: The data included 2202 technical procedures performed. At least one technical procedure was performed in 9.9% of encounters and for 4.6% of health problems managed. The two most frequent groups of technical procedures performed were injections (44.2% of all procedures) and clinical laboratory procedures (17.0%). The following procedures were more often performed by GPs practicing in a rural area or an urban cluster than those practicing in an urban area: injection of joints, bursae, tendons and tendon sheaths (4.1% v 1.2% of all procedures), manipulation and osteopathy (10.3% v 0.4%), excision/biopsy of superficial lesions (1.7% v 0.5%), and cryotherapy (1.7% v 0.3%). Conversely, the following procedures were more often performed by GPs practicing in urban areas: vaccine injection (46.6% v 32.1%), point-of-care testing for group A streptococci (11.8% v 7.6%), and ECG (7.6% v 4.3%). GPs practicing in a rural area or an urban cluster performed more often technical procedures than those practising in an urban area (odds ratio=1.31, 95% confidence interval 1.04–1.65), according to the multivariate model. Conclusion: Technical procedures were more frequently performed and more complex when they were performed in French rural and urban cluster areas. More studies are required to assess patients’ needs regarding technical procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical simulation is not developed and integrated into plastic surgery unlike other surgical specialties despite the procedures being complex and require practice. First step in enhancing simulation in plastic surgery is to clarify the need among peers. The objective of the study was to identify and prioritize the technical procedures that should be included in a simulation-based curriculum for residency training in plastic surgery. A panel of participants with key roles in the Danish plastic surgery specialist training program was appointed. Participation was voluntary. A national need assessment study was performed using a three-round Delphi process to collect information from the participants. In round 1, participants reported all the procedures that a newly qualified specialist in plastic surgery should be able to perform. In round 2, participants replied to a survey exploring the frequency of the procedures, the number of surgeons performing the procedure, the risk or discomfort for patients treated by an inexperienced surgeon and the feasibility of training the procedure in simulation, resulting in a preliminary ranking of procedures. In round 3, participants eliminated and reprioritized the identified procedures according to importance. Thirty-five of 37 agreed to enter the expert panel. The response rate was 97%, 86% and 86% for rounds 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Twenty-nine of 136 procedures identified in round 1 reached the final prioritized list of procedures relevant for simulation training in plastic surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the demand for cytopathological accurate diagnoses has increased as expanding minimally invasive procedures obtain materials from patients with advanced cancer for diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive purposes. However, inadequate knowledge of cytopathological technical procedures and ancillary techniques by clinicians remains the most common reason for the limited availability of cytopathology. The objectives of this review were to understand the technical procedures, ancillary techniques, and application and effectiveness of various types of tests in cytopathology. Each of the many ancillary technologies described in the literature has specific advantages and limitations and laboratories select one or more methods depending on their infrastructure and expertise to achieve the goal from initial screening of the disease to the final diagnosis of the cytopathology. This paper systematically reviews the development of cytopathology, summarizes the existing problems in cytopathology and the new progress of auxiliary examination, to provide a theoretical basis for the advanced development of cytopathological diagnostic technologies and to consolidate the minimally invasive and accurate diagnosis of cytopathologies for clinicians. Cytopathology offers many advantages over other clinical examinations, particularly for minimally invasive and accurate diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Polytechnic is the property of Journal of Polytechnic and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

When dealing with barbells, we appreciate both the lifted weight and the technical aspect. In barbell exercises the technique of weight lifting is of outmost importance. In practice, the appreciation of the technical degree of the weightlifters’ training is not always given enough importance. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to emphasise the specific characteristics, components and methodology of learning and acquiring the weight lifting technique in barbell exercises, criteria which would help us appreciate the very important technical training.

At the age of 6-7 years, it is not efficient and not even possible to approach the whole technical-tactical content specific to badminton. The time spent in the training hall in the first year of training is devoted to the learning of indispensable shots for simple play: the forehand service, the forehand clear and the backhand net lift. Developing the coordination-speed couple is also a prime objective in this period of training, as well as the use of gaming and other attractive means, so that we can cultivate in younger athletes the pleasure of practicing badminton. The aim of the study is to highlight the effects of a training program primarily aimed at the learning of badminton-specific technical procedures by children aged 6-7, players of the School Sports Club (CSS) Bacău. The research methods used are: the bibliographic study, the experimental method, the pedagogical observation method, the statistical-mathematical method and the graphical method. The subjects of the study were 36 children divided into two equal groups: one experimental and one control group. For 7 months, they participated in 3 training sessions per week, each training session lasting 75 minutes. The hypothesis that "the use of a 7-month training program aimed at initiating children aged 6-7 years to badminton leads to statistically significant differences between the initial and final results recorded in the technical assessment tests" is confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Educatio Artis Gymnasticae is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose To conduct an empirical investigation using qualitative techniques of the way dentists engage in the process of reading a technique-oriented journal article and what they pay attention to in the process. Materials and Methods Grounded theory was used to identify how dentists read an article describing the fabrication of an interim prosthesis in the esthetic zone. Twenty-one experienced practitioners were videotaped, and their verbatim reflections were coded. The sequence of attending to various features of the paper was noted. Results Ninety-five percent of readers voiced specific, multiple attempts to identify or refine the main purpose of the article as they processed the material. All readers engaged in various activities to navigate through the article, including skipping and backtracking, and none 'read' the article straight through. All readers also made repeated observations about the relevance of the technique to their personal practice situation. Eighty percent used some form of 'distancing,' whereby the content and value of the article were accepted, but the reader reserved the privilege of not being bound by the results because of technical, sponsorship, or methodological issues that 'might be present.' The quality of photographs was accepted as a proxy for the quality of technical work performed. Conclusions Dentists actively customized the reading of a journal article that described a technical procedure. They imposed a non-linear structure for absorbing information and a standard of personal relevance, and, while accepting the results, created reasons for not necessarily having to accept them as applicable. The approach clinicians use in reading a procedural article may be different from the structure writers use in preparing a paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Os procedimentos técnicos da tradução foram identificados pela primeira vez no trabalho de Vinay e Darbelnet ([1958] 1977). Dentre esses procedimentos, o da adaptação foi então descrito, de forma local, como a adequação cultural ou situacional do texto da língua de partida no texto da língua de chegada. Na atualidade, mais que um procedimento local, teóricos como Bastin ([1998] 2011) consideram a prática da adaptação como um procedimento global, que envolve diversos outros procedimentos secundários de tradução. Sendo assim, os objetivos principais deste trabalho foram sistematizar uma categorização dos procedimentos secundários do processo de adaptação e aplicar tal categorização à análise de uma tradução/adaptação da peça Hamlet, de William Shakespeare, para o português brasileiro realizada por Bruno S. R. e ilustrada por Sam Hart, cotejando a com outras traduções estabelecidas da peça sempre que necessário.The technical procedures of translation were first identified in the work of Vinay and Darbelnet ([1958] 1977). Among these procedures, the adaptation was described, locally, as cultural or situational adequacy of the source text in the target culture and language. Currently, more than a local procedure, researchers as Bastin ([1998] 2011) have been considering adaptation as a global one that involves several other secondary procedures in the translation process. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to categorize the secondary procedures of the adaptation process and apply this categorization to the analysis of a translation/adaptation of the play Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, written by Bruno S. R. and illustrated by Sam Hart, comparing it with other traditional translations of the play whenever necessary.

The paper attempts to attract high school pupils to practice a game (basketball), whose techniques were used as drive means for developing combined motor quality – speed regime skill - only for the experimental group (grade: 10th B). In the case of the control group (grade: 10th E), the development of speed and skill was achieved by conventional drive means, complying with the requirements of the specialized syllabus. Besides highlighting the progress achieved from one test to the other, as a hypothesis, it was also examined the extent of learning the game of basketball. The experiment took place at “Constantin Brâncoveanu - Târgovişte” Technological High School, during the 2013-2014 school year. The outcomes were compared both between the two tests (in the case of the experimental group the outcomes being significant, of p = 0.01) and between groups (the outcomes being significant for the experimental group, of p> 0.01). The manners of influencing the motor performance – speed regime skill - have proven effective, after applying the means in question an improvement being recorded in the case of the pupils belonging to the experimental group, those pupils assimilating more easily the game of basketball in comparison with the ones from the control group.

Copyright of Journal of Field Ornithology is the property of Resilience Alliance and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, the demand for cytopathological accurate diagnoses has increased as expanding minimally invasive procedures obtain materials from patients with advanced cancer for diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive purposes. However, inadequate knowledge of cytopathological technical procedures and ancillary techniques by clinicians remains the most common reason for the limited availability of cytopathology. The objectives of this review were to understand the technical procedures, ancillary techniques, and application and effectiveness of various types of tests in cytopathology. Each of the many ancillary technologies described in the literature has specific advantages and limitations and laboratories select one or more methods depending on their infrastructure and expertise to achieve the goal from initial screening of the disease to the final diagnosis of the cytopathology. This paper systematically reviews the development of cytopathology, summarizes the existing problems in cytopathology and the new progress of auxiliary examination, to provide a theoretical basis for the advanced development of cytopathological diagnostic technologies and to consolidate the minimally invasive and accurate diagnosis of cytopathologies for clinicians. Cytopathology offers many advantages over other clinical examinations, particularly for minimally invasive and accurate diagnosis., (Copyright © 2023, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.)

Copyright of Sport & Society / Sport si Societate is the property of Altius Academy Foundation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A descriptive and cross sectional study of the 76 students of the fourth year of the clinical bioanalysis career in "Dr. Juan Manuel Páez Inchausti" Health Technology Faculty, Santiago de Cubawas carried out from September, 2012 to January, 2013, aimed at evaluating their practical skills in the processing of samples with high-technology equipments. The use of theoretical and empiric methods characteristic of the pedagogic investigation, revealed deficiencies in the practical skills related to the calibration and manipulation of the equipments, due to the influence of different factors. Also, the necessity of using teaching alternative means giving solution to this problem was verified, and that, in turn, could be used as consulting, preparation and self-assessment material for the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technical procedures of translation were first identified in the work of Vinay and Darbelnet ([1958] 1977). Among these procedures, the adaptation was described, locally, as cultural or situational adequacy of the source text in the target culture and language. Currently, more than a local procedure, researchers as Bastin ([1998] 2011) have been considering adaptation as a global one that involves several other secondary procedures in the translation process. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to categorize the secondary procedures of the adaptation process and apply this categorization to the analysis of a translation/adaptation of the play Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, written by Bruno S. R. and illustrated by Sam Hart, comparing it with other traditional translations of the play whenever necessary [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article the author discusses the importance of team communication in treating denture prosthesis. He cites the importance of team communication in the denture treatment and the establishment of teamwork through individual recognitions of the procedures to achieve the final target of the process. The author points out that developing an arranged and summarized dental technical procedure for the dentists and dental technicians will enable them to resolve the complicated technical process.

Within the last decade, the number of technical procedures in respiratory medicine and thoracic surgery has grown and created a higher demand for effective and evidence-based education. Today, trainees are often allowed to perform procedures unsupervised on patients after obtaining a course certificate from a theoretic course and having performed a fixed number of supervised procedures. However, these methods do not ensure adequate competence. Well-structured and effective educational programmes including validated tests are needed to reduce economic expenses, optimize time spend, and ensure patient safety. The aim of this article is to summarize current state of educational strategies for technical procedures within respiratory medicine and thoracic surgery. Thus, to discuss future recommendations for curriculum development and assessment of competences based on Kern's framework. The approach by Kern consists of six topics, which needs to be considered and evaluated and in order to educate physicians and surgeons most effective and evidence-based. We present a practical guide contributing to future educators' considerations on (I) problem identification and general needs assessment, (II) targeted needs assessment, (III) goals and objectives, (IV) educational strategies, (V) implementation, and finally (VI) evaluation and feedback., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2019.02.39). The series “Training in Pulmonary Medicine and Surgery” was commissioned by the editorial office without any funding or sponsorship. RH Petersen serves as an unpaid editorial board member of Journal of Thoracic Disease from Sep 2018 - Aug 2022. CB Laursen reports personal fees from GE, outside the submitted work. The authors have no other conflicts of interest to declare., (2021 Journal of Thoracic Disease. All rights reserved.)