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This study was set out to explore the understanding of dementia as a culturally and socially shaped illness in order to illuminate such perceptions and experience in relation to ethnoculturally profiled dementia care in Sweden. The results indicate, contrary to many other studies (c.f. Conell et al 2009; Flaskerud 2009; Gray et al 2009; Hinton, Franz & Friend 2004) that the perception of dementia and the described meaning of the disease have little (or nothing) to do with decisions regarding formal care. However, cultural norms and traditions in relation to issues of filial piety seem to do. Thus, to understand how different ethnocultural groups might respond to dementia care within a migratory context, the current study illuminate the fact that it is crucial to realize that neither the individual person with dementia, nor larger ethnocultural groups can be placed within a vacuum that seemingly does not change or correlate with surrounding society.

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Displacement has marked the individual and collective lives of Puerto Ricans in Chicago, especially those who migrated in the 1950s and 1960s. For these older persons, the arrival of the gentry and the yuppies of yesterday, the hipsters of today, and the disappearance of familiar faces in their current neighborhoods are not new phenomena, but rather parts of a profoundly familiar process. They came of age in displacement. Today some Puerto Rican older adults have achieved housing security and are able to age in place because they live in low-income senior housing. Yet a sense of displacement still looms large in their daily lives with the upscaling of and new-build gentrification in their current neighborhood. This work sheds light on the meaning of place for older adult Puerto Ricans who have experienced what psychiatrist and urban studies scholar Mindy T. Fullilove calls a history of “serial displacement.” Through life history narratives and ethnographic snapshots, this paper highlights the neglected reality of “aging in displacement,” or the experience of growing up and growing older in a context of repeated socio-spatial dislocation and how individual and collective life histories of community upheaval texture the spatial and social meanings of place.

La ponencia intenta colocar ocho observaciones críticas a las actuales políticas de protección a la infancia y la adolescencia en la región. Cuatro de ellas, en nuestra opinión, derivan de la forma como fue abordado el campo de la infancia y la adolescencia, desde una perspectiva histórica, tanto desde la política como de la academia. En otras palabras, son notas intrínsecas a la relación infancia, pobreza y Estado. Las cuatro restantes se vinculan al actual sistema de protecciones sociales vigente en la región, que apunta a regular la pobreza bajo el signo de políticas sociales y políticas punitivas. La infancia, como “puerta de entrada” a la familia y sus secretos, habilitó históricamente, a partir de las políticas dirigidas a ella, la gestión social y política de la pobreza y de la población en general. Estas últimas cuatro notas críticas son intrínsecas a las actuales formas de ejercicio del poder gubernamental y a la concepción de qué debe ser protegido y cómo. Obviamente, los ocho comentarios se desglosan de esta manera a los meros efectos desu exposición.

A book review of Adult-Gerontology Practice Guidelines.

A principios del siglo XVII en el noroeste de la Nueva Vizcaya se impone una impresión nítida : es imposible determinar la pertenencia exclusiva de los indios a la nación tepehuana o a la nación tarahumara. Todos los testimonios apuntan a una interdigitación identitaria y política. En estos primeros tiempos, las autoridades neovizcaínas y los jesuitas dedican una atención particular a estas continuidades, ya que se trata de extender la provincia misionera de tepehuanes. La pacificación española que siguió la guerra de los tepehuanes (1616 y 1619) rebasó el marco militar : al definir una nación culpable -los tepehuanes-, los españoles se aplicaron a aislar geográficamente un cuerpo sospechoso. Se creó así dos entidades discretas definidas por su posición en la economía de vigilancia colonial. Una lógica de clasificación política reforzada a partir del descubrimiento de las minas de Parral, y erróneamente reinterpretada en términos naturalistas a partir del advenimiento de la etnografía decimonónica. At the beginning of the seventeenth century, it is clearly impossible to determine with certainty whether the Indians in northwestern New Vizcaya belong to the Tepehuán or Tarahumara nation. All testimonies tend to throw into relief a political and identitary interdigitation. In these early years, the Neovizcayan authorities and the Jesuits paid careful attention to these continuities because the main goal was to expand the missionary province of Tepehuanes. Spanish pacification that followed the Tepehuan war (1616-1619) went beyond a merely military dimension. By defining a guilty nation—Tepehuan—the Spaniards intended to geographically isolate a suspect body. They actually created two discrete entities exclusively defined by their respective positions in the colonial economy of control. This political taxonomical logic was reinforced after Parral's silver mines discovery, and has been misinterpreted in naturalistic terms since the advent of ethnography in the nineteenth century.

Este artículo está sujeto a una licencia CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Con estas palabras Rafael Martínez Ortiz, contemporáneo del fin de la soberanía española en Cuba, observador atento de los acontecimientos, miembro del gobierno en distintos momentos, transmite el estado de ánimo que embargó a la población de la isla el 1º de enero de 1899, cuando John R. Brooke, mayor general del ejército de Estados Unidoscomandante de la división de Cuba, asumió el mando de la isla.

À partir de l’étude comparative de quatre mouvements de résistance civile impliquant des femmes, en Europe occidentale pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale et dans le Cône sud sous les dictatures militaires terroristes des années 1970-1980, l’auteur montre en quoi ces formes de contestations participent des jeux de genre. Tout en constatant combien le contexte historique est fondamental pour comprendre le développement de ces mouvements protestataires, on observe que les individus et les organisations, qui les impulsèrent et éventuellement les structurèrent, mobilisèrent et mirent en représentation des mythologies de la femme leur permettant d’intervenir et d’agir sur un espace public fermé à toute contestation, car elles étaient en phase avec les valeurs défendues par les dictatures. Nonobstant, selon la conjoncture culturelle, la participation à ces mouvements protestataires a influé sur l’évolution de l’identité de sexe des participantes. In this comparative study of four movements of civil resistance involving women in Western Europe during World War II and in the cone of South America during the military dictatorship of the 1970’s, the author shows how this form of contestation partake of the dynamics of gender. While realizing how much the historical context is essential to understand the development of these movments of resistance, we observe that the individuals and the oraganizations which boosted them and eventually gave them a structure, mobilized and used mythological images of the woman, allowing them to take action in a public sphere closed to any kind of opposition, because these images corresponded with the values promoted by various repressive regimes. Anyway, according to the cultural situation, the fact of joining in these movements of resistance also had an influence on the evolution of the gender identities of women activists.

International audience; Basandome en un estudio etnográfico en la región totonaca de Huehuetla, analizo aquí la relación entre sociedad y "naturaleza" proponiendo el concepto de "modos de aprehensión del medio ambiente", definiendo estos tanto a partir de los modos de percepción del entorno como a partir de los modos de uso de los recursos naturales. Interpreto la concepción totonaca de la relación hombre-naturaleza como una "concepción tutelar" de socialización del medio ambiente en la cual las diferentes esferas de la naturaleza así como las actividades humanas asociadas a estos espacios están gobernadas por diferentes entidades sobre naturales o "dueños". A partir de esta particular representación de la naturaleza se explica la importancia de la percepción del monte y de las cuevas dentro de la concepción del espacio y del culto a la fertilidad. La adopción de la cafeticultura y la desaparición de los espacios silvestres no cultivados revelan la relación que existe entre los profundos cambios agroecológicos y la evolución de la percepción y concepción del medio ambiente como el resultado de una confrontación asimétrica entre diferentes modos de aprehensión ecológicos. Esto me lleva a concluir que, más que el radical cambio ecológico en sí, la explicación de la evolución de las representaciones ecológicos es multi-causal pero se fundamente en la confrontación entre diferentes modos de percepción y de uso de los recursos naturales.; Nous abordons ici la relation entre société et "nature" en proposant le concept de "mode d'appréhension de l'environnement", défini autant en termes de modes de perception de l'environnement qu'en termes de modes d'usage des ressources naturelles. Nous interprétons la conception totonaque du rapport homme-nature comme une "conception tutélaire", de socialisation de l'environnement dans laquelle les différentes sphères de la nature et les activités humaines associées à celles-ci sont régies par différents «Esprits-Maîtres » surnaturels. De cette représentation de la nature découle l'importance de la perception de la forêt et des grottes au sein de la conception de l'espace et du culte de la fertilité. L'adoption de la caféiculture et la disparition des espaces boisés non-cultivés constitue un exemple de la relation entre les profonds changements agroécologiques et l'évolution de la perception de l'environnement comme le résultat de la confrontation inégale entre différents modes d'appréhension des ressources naturelles. Cela nous amène à conclure que, plus que le radical changement écologique en soi, l'explication de l'évolution de la perception écologique est multicausale, mais s'inscrit bien dans l'interprétation en termes de confrontation entre différents modes de perception et d'usage des ressources naturelles.

Le propos de cet exposé est de montrer, à partir de l’étude de terrain concernant le mouvement ethnico-écologique des Indiens totonaques (Mexique central), comment la référence au conflit du Chiapas et l’appropriation des discours sur les droits indigènes et le développement durable sont mobilisés par les organisations indiennes, l’Eglise et les partis politiques pour redéfinir la relation entre les minorités et les pouvoirs publics.

“Las provincias históricas entran y salen de la historia tras el caballo de Bolívar, e incluso la historia de Venezuela se va tras la huella de éste cuando abandona el territorio venezolano”. Fue en estos términos como Germán Carrera Damas valoró hace unos años ya las prácticas específicas de la historia nacional y propuso llevar a cabo una historia de las ideas. El “culto a Bolívar” para retomar la expresión acuñada por este autor, por más que sea producto historiográfico de una situación re...

Una sociedad pluriétnica y pluricultural Cabe recordar la peculiaridad de la ciudad de México. Desde su conquista en el año 1521, la ciudad de México se volvió una ciudad en la que se codeaba Europeos, Africanos y Amerindios.Su población era sumamente heterogénea y en este aspecto totalmente distinta de las de las ciudades europeas. Esta peculiaridad, el manchego Bernardo de Balbuena la comentó en unos versos famosos - aunque, a mi parecer, pocas veces comentados - de su poema Grandeza m...

¿Qué relación puede existir entre Ovidio, Tiziano y unos tlacuilo indios de la sierra otomí ? ¿Qué tienen en comun el pintor mas famoso del siglo XVI , el veneciano Tiziano (+ 1576), un poeta latino del primer siglo despues de Cristo, Publio Ovidio Nasón (-43/17) , y unos artistas indígenas anónimos del pueblo otomi de Ixmiquilpan? Aunque la reunión de estos tres nombres parezca extraña y sorprendente, los hilos que los unen no son nada anecdóticos. Permiten entender mejor la manera...

Un vaste réseau d’associations destinées aux femmes ou fondées par elles se forme dans les différents états de l’Amazonie brésilienne. l’un des meilleurs exemples d’une mobilisation populaire féminine réussie semble être le Réseau des sages-femmes traditionnelles de l’Amapá (Reparta), une organisation qui a reçu les honneurs de diverses fondations nationales et internationales. Un examen attentif montre cependant la fragilité des acquis du mouvement. La double inscription des présidentes d’association, qui ont pour la plupart exercé à l’hôpital, leur permet en effet d’établir des passerelles entre l’espace officiel de la médecine et l’exercice plus informel des accouchements à domicile. Mais elle est aussi à l’origine de leur autorité sur les associées et de la confiance que leur accorde le gouvernement. On soulignera alors quelques uns des effets sociaux et politiques locaux des actions entreprises ainsi que certains paradoxes et limites du mouvement. Forma-se na Amazônia brasileira uma ampla rede de associatiões destinada às mulheres ou fundada por elas. A Rede das Parteiras Tradicionais do Amapá, que recebeu premios de diversas fundações nacionais e internacionais, parece ser um dos melhores exemplos de uma mobilização popular feminina bem-sucedida. Um exame atento mostra no entanto a fragilidade das conquistas do movimento. A a dupla inscrição das presidentes de associação, quem têm muitas vezes trabalhado no hospital, permite-lhes com efeito estabelecer pontes estreitas entre o espaço oficial da medicina e o exercício mais informal dos partos à domicílio. Mas constitui também a fonte da sua autoridade sobre as associadas e da confiança que atribui-lhes o governo. Sublinhará-se então alguns efeitos sociais e políticos locais das acções empreendidas assim como certos paradoxos e limites do movimento.

¿Por qué surgió el término jopara para designar al guaraní mezclado con el castellano? ¿Qué quiere decir exactamente jopara? Al interesarnos de cerca por esta palabra, en sus usos y en su historia, hacemos una apuesta, japara. Apostamos que jopara sintetiza en tres sonidos un fenómeno muy complejo y entrelazado en el Paraguay : el mestizaje. A menudo nos preguntamos cuál es en esta lengua que se habla hoy en día en Paraguay y cuál es la cultura que se vive. Entrevistamos a la misma lengua gu...

IntroducciónEn la búsqueda de la “huastequicidad” o de las especificidades étnicas de los grupos huastecos (o teenek) actuales del norte de Veracruz se buscan, entre otros, los factores de cohesión y de continuidad de estas comunidades. Por lo tanto, los lazos de parentesco que se encuentran en estos grupos constituyen por supuesto las relaciones solidarias más inmediatas. Además, el sistema de parentesco en sociedades tradicionales (caracterizadas en este caso en la búsqueda del cónyuge en e...

Entre le 18 et le 23 avril 1947 se réunissent à Montevideo une poignée d’intellectuels catholiques sud-américains : parmi eux, Eduardo Frei, futur président de la République du Chili ; Alceu Amoroso Lima, figure importante de l’intelligentsia brésilienne contemporaine ; l’uruguayen Dardo Regules, fondateur de l’Unión Cívica en 1912 ; ou encore l’avocat argentin Manuel V. Ordoñez, ancien professeur de philosophie à la faculté de droit de Buenos Aires. Au total trente et un hommes qui, au terme...

Como lo demuestra la evolución de la historiografía americanista en los últimos diez años, la insistencia en la historia social y particularmente en la de las élites contempla, en la mayoría de los casos, el período conocido como el de la "revolución en el gobierno", según la caracterización de Brading. A ese respecto, la naturaleza de los detentores de la riqueza y del poder en la provincia de Caracas — tal sería la definición más amplia del término élite —, una aristocracia criolla por exc...

En el mundo hispánico pasó a la posteridad el añil, o mejor dicho la planta conocida bajo el nombre deindigoferea tintorea , con motivo del tinte azul que se solía extraer de esta planta. Bastante bien conocida y difundida en Nueva España donde los colorantes fueron objeto de activo comercio desde la época prehispánica, el “pastel” o xiquilite continuó su expansión por América Central a lo largo del siglo XVII, y sobre todo, en el siglo XVIII. Guatemala se convirtió entonces en el centro de l...

Francisco Maldonado de Silva : "facing heaven." The purpose of this article is to present the philosophical and religious contribution of Francisco Maldonado de Silva, one of the most famous martyrs in the history of the New World Judaists, through the analysis of brief fragments of texts that have reached us and which he wrote in Lima's inquisitorial jails. It appears that, in order to refute the dogmas of the incarnation of Christ and the Holy Trinity, the author of these texts invokes arguments taken from scholastic theology and philosophy, but also from authors of antijewish polemics, such as Nicolas de Lyre and Pablo de Santa Maria ( a famous converso himself), although reinterpreted in the opposite way. Francisco Maldonado de Silva's religious thoughts clearly show the original features of an innovative rationalism for the time., Wachtel Nathan. Francisco Maldonado de Silva. « Le ciel face à face ». In: Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales. 54ᵉ année, N. 4, 1999. pp. 895-914.

La región del norte del Estado de Veracruz se ve en el mapa como una enorme extensión de un territorio llano de aproximadamente seis mil kilómetros cuadrados, poco poblado y careciendo totalmente de carreteras que lo atraviesan de la costa hacia el interior. Ocupa el espacio que va desde el río Pánuco y la frontera con Tamaulipas al norte, hasta la laguna de Tamiahua y la Sierra de Otontepec al sur y al poniente llega hasta los lomeríos de la Sierra Madre Oriental (ver mapa). Estas planicies ...

Cuando se habla de los indios o cuando son ellos los que toman la palabra, muchas veces se utilizan figuras estereotipadas idealizadoras, manejadas según los intereses en juego o bajo ciertas influencias indigenistas o indianistas. Además, existe una cierta correlación entre la importancia numérica de un grupo indígena y la existencia de sus propias organizaciones de militancia indianista así como de estudios antropológicos acerca de este grupo. En otras palabras, grandes grupos étnicos en Mé...

Ethnic Identity and Ethnic Political Activity Don’t Necessarily Go Hand in Hand. Identitary Expressions Among the Teenek and Nahua of the Veracruzan Huasteca. In the Huasteca region, in Mexico’s northeast, two Indians groups, the Nahua and the Teenek, experience the interaction with cultural otherness and with modern, national society in very different ways. This paper compares the Teenek position toward the Other to the one of their nearby Nahua neighbors. While the Teenek position is more reserved and hermetic, the Nahua position toward the Other is characterized by more active and assertive participation outside their communities. The cultural strategies of both groups appear to be radically opposed. Nonetheless, none of these two groups is involved in Indian political militancy and their ethnic identity is expressed in more discrete ways. The comparison between the two groups help us understand the character of the differentiated interactions of two neighboring ethnic groups with the modern world and national society that may be rooted in each group’s particular worldview and history. From a theoretical standpoint, this paper addresses the problem of the cultural and social construction of collective identities and Otherness in modern and multicultural societies, proposing to reconstruct the concept of ethnicity from a cognitive perspective rather than as identity politics. En la región de la Huasteca, al noreste de México, dos grupos indígenas, los nahuas y los teenek, experimentan de manera muy distinta la interacción con la Otredad cultural y la sociedad nacional moderna. Este artículo compara la posición teenek hacia los Otros con la de sus vecinos nahuas. Mientras la posición teenek es más reservada y hermética, la de los nahuas se caracteriza por una participación más activa y asertiva fuera de sus comunidades. Las estrategias culturales de ambos grupos parecen radicalmente opuestas. Sin embargo, ninguno de estos dos grupos está involucrado en la militancia política indianista y su identidad étnica se expresa de manera más discreta. A través de la comparación entre los dos grupos se llega a entender que el carácter de las interacciones diferenciadas de los dos grupos étnicos vecinos con el mundo moderno y la sociedad nacional está anclado en la cosmovisión e historia específicas de cada grupo. Del punto de vista teórico, este artículo se refiere al problema de la construcción cultural y social de las identidades colectivas y de la Otredad en sociedades modernas y multiculturales y propone reconstruir el concepto de etnicidad desde una perspectiva cognitiva y no necesariamente como una política identitaria.

Cet article souhaite montrer que les modèles spatiaux, physiques ou expérientiels, proposés généralement pour rendre compte du fonctionnement des particules verbales en anglais, posent de nombreux problèmes. En particulier, il s’avère impossible de réduire le signifié de UP (vs DOWN) à l’expression d’un « mouvement vertical vers le haut » et les valeurs non spatiales sont très nombreuses. L’alternative décrite ici, dans le cadre général de la Théorie de la Relation Interlocutive (Douay & Roulland 2014), consiste à rechercher dans le fonctionnement même du système linguistique les causes et les motifs à la fois de la structuration spatiale et non spatiale. Cette recherche s’appuie sur une définition systémique du langage fondée sur l’auto-référence et l’auto-organisation, plutôt que sur des stimuli environnementaux qui seraient plus ou moins « évidents ». Our aim in this article is to point out that mainstream spatial models (either world-based or experience-based) prove largely inadequate for the analysis of verbal particles in English. In particular the particle UP (vs DOWN) definitely cannot be confined to simply expressing “upward movement” and non-spatial uses are very frequent. We propose here an alternative model for UP in the general framework of the Theory of the Interlocutive Relation (Douay & Roulland 2014), based on systemic operations of language which can account for spatial and non-spatial structural patterns as well. The key-concept in this research is a systemic definition of language based on self-reference and self-organization rather than more or less “obvious” environment-induced stimuli.

The thesis introduced in this lectio praecursoria explores the everyday work, ideals and values of the Latvian organic food movement known as tiešā pirkšana (‘direct purchasing’), an initiative which aims to shorten the physical and symbolic distance between producers and consumers; producers, market and regulating policies; and consumers and food. Drawing on the empirical material obtained through long-term ethnographic fieldwork, and theoretical discussions in social and food research, the concept of ‘reconnection’ was chosen to analyse the process of shortening the distance between the different actors involved in one small-scale food provisioning system. By focusing on the notion that there is a link between the reconnection process and the ethics and practice of care, the thesis analyses different forms of care in the various stages of food provisioning in the TP movement. Keywords: mall-scale food provisioning, care and food, spatiotemporalities of care, everyday food practices

The lectio serves as an introduction to the thesis "Life and Abortion: The Post-Biopolitics of Reproductive Health in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia", an ethnographic study of the ways the insecurities and vulnerabilities of informal abortion are produced and maintained in a context where abortion is legal. Throughout the thesis I maintain that the answer to this question has to do with particular and gendered forms of governance rather than individual experiences of the general stigmatisation of abortion. To this effect, the thesis studies six relevant and overlapping spheres in Ulaanbaatar: the nation state and macropolitics; religion, medicine and kinship; care and motherhood; sexuality and knowledge; biomedicine; and the medication market. Keywords: reproductive health, abortion, gender, governance, Mongolia

This lectio summarizes a PhD study of the public activities of East Javanese regional councillors. Analysing the communication of these politicians, the thesis focuses on the ways they authorize their status as representatives of their constituency. The study finds that politics in East Java has a wide selection of authorizations, the use of which depends on the party, the political history, the age, and the gender of the politician. For the councillor, the most decisive factor for the choice of authorizations, however, is the political context. Different public institutions of politics are examined: meetings with the constituency during council recess, public hearings on draft bylaws, election campaign events, and regional council plenary sessions. The authorizations used in these contexts vary greatly, for example, concerning their aspect of ritualization, style of oratory, or way of evidence presented. Keywords: Indonesia, East Java, politics, communication, semiotic ideology, democracy, hierarchy

“Social orders, tensions and saviourism” represents an ethnography on the implementation of Finnish national policy on Roma. It draws upon two and half years of fieldwork working in a Roma project. The name of the study, “Social orders, tensions and saviourism,” reflects the core findings of the study. It argues that the neoliberal policy-making applied to Romani people have an ideological premise that is incongruous with their social realities causing tensions among participants and formulating a form of saviourism. Keywords: Finnish Roma, participation, development, policy, neoliberalism, power

The seventy-three years of exile have molded the life in Palestinian refugee camps. In my dissertation, I explore the conditions created by this long history in order to discuss the futures that those currently living in the refugee camps envision for themselves. This Lectio Præcursoria is an introduction to both the research process and the ways the futures emerge in the vulnerable conditions of Palestinian exile. Keywords: Palestine, Palestinian refugees, future, refugee camps, multi-sited ethnography

In this paper a group of young people from Torshavn, the capital of the Faroe Islands, share their personal reflections and views on the ‘Faroese father’ in present-day society. The material from this qualitative study is used to examine and analyse the role and position of the father in relation to his family and working life, his masculinity and identity, and his general historic status in society. The main aim of the paper is to outline and illustrate a pattern of transition in Faroese fatherhood resonating new gender and family values, but also a social shift towards a (late) modern and diversified labour market with emerging female-dominated professions. Seen from the son’s and the daughter’s perspective, this paper suggests, the father’s place in the life of his children mirrors a very special relation associated with feelings of affection, safety, and guidance. Drawing on theoretical scholarship from fatherhood research in the tradition of critical men’s studies, as well as from anthropological family studies, this paper contributes to scientific reviews of fatherhood and masculinity in small island communities in shift. This study is part of the larger research project called Faroese Fatherhood in Transition (2018-2021) financed by Research Council Faroe Islands.

As a result of frequent exposure to trauma, aid workers are at high risk for negative psychological symptoms. Training specifically geared at fostering critical incident self-efficacy in humanitarian aid workers may bolster critical incident self-efficacy as well as general self-efficacy as they relate to experiences of traumatic symptomatology and resilience. Sixty-three aid workers completed questionnaires regarding efficacy, resilience, coping, and posttraumatic stress symptomatology at baseline, and 46 aid workers completed the same measures after the training workshop. Multiple regression analysis indicated that higher levels of self-efficacy related to higher resilience levels. General self-efficacy and critical incident coping self-efficacy (CICSE) were stronger after the training, even when controlling for histories of trauma. Histories of trauma contributed significant variance to CICSE before the training but were insignificant after the training. These findings suggest that aid organizations can support their workers by providing training that promotes resilience through enhancing efficacies.

In this article, I compare two forms of Christian temproality in the Faroe Islands. In so doing, I problematize some of the ways in which the idea of history has been applied theoretically to studies of churches and congregations in the country. As a remedy to what I see as the shortcomings of social theory when applied to Pentecostal temporality, I propose seeing the latter as a form of extended present. This is set in contrast to dispensationalism, which sees historical and theological time as occuring in a sequential manner. Dispensationalism in this context refers more than anything to the Plymouth Brethren, who make up the biggest group of non-Lutheran Christians in the Faroe Islands. Finally, I reflect on how temporality is shaped by operational goals that differ between similar, yet subtly different Christian practitioners.

This interpretative phenomenological analysis explores aid workers’ understanding of identity and belonging through the transition from working in humanitarian aid to returning home. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 participants who had returned to the UK after working in recently founded non-governmental organisations in Northern France between 2016 and 2019. Analysis of interview data identified four superordinate themes: (1) shared humanitarian identity, (2) limits and borders, (3) holding on to humanitarian identity and (4) redefining belonging and identity. Aid workers’ belonging in humanitarian work settings is rooted in shared moral values and being able to fulfil a clearly defined role. Upon returning, aid workers struggled to reintegrate, manifesting as denial of having left humanitarian work, re-creation of the social setting and moral demarcation. Participants formed a new sense of belonging through redefining their social in-group. The study sheds light on a previously unexplored area of research, specifically characterised through the closeness of the international humanitarian setting and participants’ homes. Findings suggest organisations can assist aid workers’ re-entry by supporting professional distance in the field, and through opportunities that allow to sustain moral values post-mission. Future research should focus on the role of peer support in the re-entry process and the re-entry experiences of aid workers returning from comparable settings further afield (e.g. Greece).

Since Charles Leslie introduced the concept of “medical pluralism” in the early 1970s, there has been a steady stream of research in this domain. Based on a case study of a Dong (ethnic group) village in China, this paper attempts to present the complex operation of pluralistic healthcare and looks into the fundamental issues of pluralistic medical research. Results find that first, the future of pluralistic medical care system is in a flux. Second, plural medical care systems are in a state of symbiosis, which is dynamically compatible with local disease classifications. Third, the different elements of a pluralistic medical care system are in competition with each other, which depends on the maintenance of the daily doctor-patient relationship in the local society. This in-depth exploration of medical pluralism not only deepens the understanding of the topic itself, but also integrates the topic into local society and ordinary ethics.

This paper deals with the presence of foreign words in magazines and websites regarding the fashion industry. After illustrating recent research aimed at assessing the frequency of loan words in Italian fashion magazines and classifying them according to a range of semantic fields, a survey is conducted on fashion magazines published in different countries to evaluate which language is more prone to accept loans and calques. As a third step, the different linguistic versions of the websites of American, French and Italian fashion brands are compared to assess whether differences emerge in the frequency and types of foreign words included in texts originally written in a given language vs. translated webpages. Despite the latest developments in the communication strategies of the fashion industry, the frequency and types of foreign words remain unchanged in both source and target texts and point to the persuasive and connotative – rather than denotative – role played by fashion terminology.

Páginas preliminares., América Crítica, V. 2, N. 2 (2018)

Casa Galicia of Cartagena de Indias (Colombia) is an element of the cultural heritage of this city that used to represent the success of its builders, a Galician emigrant family of the beginning of the 20th century. By means of an analysis of documents and photographs, the history of this house was studied as a representative symbol of the protection of Cartagena’s cultural heritage. After the sale of the building to a private company in the decade of 1980, there was a stage of abandonment that led to the disappearance of every element that symbolized its past and, conversely, the trademark of the new owner —the company Corona— has been emphasized in recent times. These changes would evidence the clash of interests between the preservation of a historic building and the commercial purpose of a company, prevailing the latter.

This paper presents the results of bioarchaeological, paleodietary, and funerary analysis carried out in two pre-Hispanic funerary contexts corresponding to the late Holocene, located in the Quebrada de Los Corrales (El Infiernillo, Tucumán). The current investigation constitutes an approximation to the life history of these individuals, through the study of their skeletal and dental remains (estimation of sex and age of death, sta-te of health, disease, diet, etc.) which allowed to know the various stressful situations suffered throughout his life. The funeral practices of both groups were also analyzed, by evaluating the archaeological context, which contributed to the understanding of the conceptions of these pre-hispanic societies about death. The research area has few cases of bioarchaeological studies, so the exhaustive study of both funerary contexts is of utmost importance.

The present report emerges from an archaeological and historical experience carried out by the Arqueoterra Cooperative’s research team, in the context of a community management of heritage and memory coordi-nated by the Department of Culture and the Granate Museum of the Club Atlético Lanús. The following document details the activities, results and reflections resulting from the archaeological work accomplished in the community patrimonialization campaign of the vestiges of the first stadium of the Club Atlético Lanús that operated between 1915 and 1932, in the current municipality of Lanús in the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Working with neighbours as well as with members of the Club as part of a local community net-work oriented the production of archaeological knowledge by questioning the role and place of the discipli-ne and the established relationship with the past.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the biodeterioration of the archaeological collections of the Tumbas Reales de Si-pán museum warehouses in Lambayeque. The surface of 24 textiles and 30 bones with physical alterations in four warehou-ses was sown and planted on agar, at 30° C in aerobiosis for up to 10 days. 100 % of textiles presented alterations in texture, coloration, and integrity and 45.8 % at the edges. Bacteria were quantified with an average of 4.9 x 104 CFUm-2 in textiles and 1.4x105 CFUm-2 in bones. Fungi were quantified with an average of 7.1x103 CFUm-2 in textiles and 5.2x103 CFUm-2 in bones. The genera Bacillus, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Streptomyces were identified in textiles and bones. In textiles, the genera Aspergillus, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Chrysosporium, Geotrichum, Gliocladium, Penicillium, Rhizopus, and Scopulariopsis were identified. In skeletons Aspergillus, Alternaria, Curvularia, Cercospora, Cladosporium, among others.

Partendo dall’esame del rapporto tra territorio e Beni Culturali, lo studio mira a valutare il ruolo che un processo di valorizzazione di questi ultimi può avere sulla organizzazione di uno specifico ambito territoriale. L’indagine si è incentrata sulla fascia tirrenica dei Peloritani, ricca di particolari Beni Culturali, quali sono i conventi e monasteri, in gran parte in condizioni di degrado e di abbandono. Dopo un attento esame delle peculiarità morfologiche, insediative ed economiche del territorio in parola, attraverso un attento spoglio bibliografico e accurate indagini dirette sul territorio si è passati alla individuazione di tali Beni Culturali ponendo l’attenzione sulle cause che nel tempo possono aver influito sul ruolo e sulla funzionalità dei conventi e dei monasteri in base alla loro localizzazione ed al legame con il contesto di appartenenza. Sulla scorta dell’esame di quanto avvenuto in altre sedi, sia in Italia che all’estero, si sono formulate varie ipotesi di recupero ai fini del rilancio dell’economia della fascia tirrenica peloritana, specie nelle zone interne meno evolute., Humanities, V. 9, N. 2 (2020)

El sitio Boliche Lucanera, localizado en la ciudad de General Daniel Cerri (partido de Bahía Blanca, provincia de Buenos Aires), se encuentra en el patio de una vivienda utilizada como comercio para el expendio de bebidas desde fines del siglo XIX hasta la mitad del siglo XX. En los trabajos de campo fueron recuperados materiales industriales como loza, vidrios, cerámicos, metales y restos arqueofaunísticos. A partir del análisis tecnológico, morfológico y funcional realizado sobre la loza se identificó la presencia de los tipos whiteware y pearlware, así como también distintas variantes decorativas. De acuerdo a los sellos y marcas reconocidos, se interpreta que el material proviene principalmente de Holanda, Francia e Inglaterra. Esto permitió observar, en el marco de un proceso de modernización del mundo rural, nuevos patrones alimenticios y de consumo por parte de la sociedad bahiense a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Boliche Lucanera site is located in General Daniel Cerri (department of Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires Provin-ce). It was discovered in the courtyard of a house used as a store for the sale of beverages from the end of the 19th century until the middle of the 20th century. Industrial materials such as earthenware, glass, ceramics, metal and archaeofaunal remains were recovered in the fieldwork. From the technological, morphological and functional analysis performed on the earthenware, the presence of the whiteware and pearlware types was identified, as well as different decorative variants. According to the seals and brands, the material co-mes mainly from Holland, France and England. This allowed us to observe, in the framework of a process of modernization of the rural world, new food and consumption patterns of the Bahian society from the second half of the 19th century. Fil: Tomassini, Hernán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades; Argentina Fil: Weimann, Javier. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades; Argentina

The Lake Cardiel basin (Central-West Santa Cruz) has been object of archaeological research seeking to discuss the relationships between climatic/environmental and social change during the Holocene. These researches cha-racterized the basin as a region of late settlement in relation to neighboring spaces. In this basin a drying process during the Holocene generated a reorganization of local populations. This paper approaches the problem from a particular site, Alero Los Guanacos 1, to discuss the way in which these processes are presented at a smaller scale. The site presents occupations during the mid and late Holocene. The technology recovered there is analyzed, and taking this into account, variations in the site use over time are discussed. Some of these variations differ from the general overview known for the basin. It is concluded that these differences are the result of the differential role of the different spaces in the settlement process.

La morte è un “conquistare”, un “conquistare”, tra i tanti possibili, che assume un rilievo particolare poiché rappresenta l’evento umano per antonomasia, quello che nei fatti definisce il senso della vita. Ogni esistenza, infatti, è tale proprio perché mortale ed è dal concetto di morte che la vita diventa un “sopravvivere”. Il problema è come intendere questo sopravvivere, come interpretarlo. Il sopravvivere può essere concepito intorno a un assoluto, e dunque deve farsi strada attraverso un credere, sia esso laico o religioso. Oppure il sopravvivere può essere considerato il frutto di un‘principio non-assoluto’, che non implica lo scadere in uno sterile egoismo etico ma, al contrario richiede un costante, continuo e responsabile farsi da sé dello schema valoriale individuale. Quest’ultimo aspetto sarà affrontato in questo saggio riflettendo su un celebre racconto di Alfred Van Vogt., Humanities, V. 9, N. 2 (2020)

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) attempts constantly to motivate its audience through social media to adopt humanitarian attitudes and behaviors. Owing to its multicultural audience, the results of this communicative attempt varies from region to region. In this context, in order to optimize the humanitarian communication outcome, it is of high importance to investigate the mediating role of culture. Drawing on Hall’s context theory, this comparative survey-based study tries to analyze the influence of personal context culture on humanitarian behavior intention in a low-context-culture country (Switzerland) and a high-context-culture country (Colombia). The results indicated that once exposed to implicit social media posts of the ICRC, the Colombian showed slightly higher behavior intention compared to the Swiss and participants’ personal context-culture score fully accounted for this difference. This study is also an empirical examination of Hall’s context theory in a humanitarian communication context.

We present a zooarchaeological analysis of the faunal record of Los Viscos site [SCatBe6(1)], located in El Bolsón Valley, Belén Department, Catamarca province. The faunal assemblage was recovered in layers 1 and 1a, corres-ponding to the Late prehispanic and Hispanic-Indigenous periods, respectively. Camelids seem to have been the main resource, and wild minor fauna was marginally exploited. Consumption of camelids was focused on meat and marrow, and meat delayed consumption through drying is probable to have occurred in the Late prehispanic occu-pation. Comparisons with data from earlier occupations of the site suggest the continuity of the predominance of camelids, their age profiles and anatomical distribution. However, evidence of processing of other fauna is restric-ted to the latest occupations presented here.

Devido às diversas propostas urbanísticas para o Bairro do Recife desde os anos 1980, o objetivo principal deste trabalho é analisar suas principais transformações ao longo dessas últimas décadas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória sobre os diferentes projetos e seus impactos sobre seu território e sua população. As evidências de valorização imobiliária, êxodo de parte da população e entrada de novos consumidores permitem constatar o processo de gentrificação voltado ao entretenimento, turismo e ao parque empresarial do Porto Digital.