1. El sistema de meskat en la cuenca del río Hammam (Sousse, Túnez): un ejemplo de gestión del agua como recurso y riesgo.
- Author
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Fansa Saleh, Ghaleb and Pérez Cueva, Alejandro J.
- Subjects
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WATER distribution , *ARID regions , *WATER use , *GEOGRAPHIC information systems , *WATER supply - Abstract
Meskat is a widespread water harvesting system in the Sahel region of Tunisia. Like other systems in semi-arid zones, it attempts to increase the amount of water available for crops, through runoff production sectors (impluvium) and water distribution sectors for sporadic irrigation (mankaa). However, often, in a Mediterranean environment, rainfall can be torrential: it is both a water resource and a risk of erosion. Therefore, these systems have to be adapted to local climatic, topographic and lithological conditions. In the case of meskat, they are "made to measure" designs, with a fragile balance between the maximum use of the water resource and the minimum risk of erosion. This study is based on spatial analysis techniques with GIS, an environmental contextualization, especially geomorphic, and a quantification of its basic topographic characteristics (altitudes, altitude difference and slopes). To do this, a detailed mapping of systems has been carried out, together with a topographic and land use quantification from a random sampling of points. In this way, the degree of presence and the production/irrigation ratio have been quantified. It seeks to recognize the existence of different types of designs and their most relevant characteristics. The initial hypothesis is confirmed that these are systems with solutions adapted to the environment, with wide variability, but with recognizable typologies, basically systems located in thalweg and glacis. At the same time, it is a type of system with a rapid and recent transformation, both of the land uses and the crops themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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