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The potential of professional collaboration as a mechanism for teacher professional development (TPD) lies in the feedback opportunities it offers. Although feedback itself has been extensively researched, most studies focus on the teacher-student relationship. In this sense, literature reviews have paid scant attention to teacher-teacher feedback in a symmetrical relationship and its impact on TPD. Consequently, 30 peer-reviewed empirical articles were selected from 2012 to 2022 in accordance with the PRISMA protocol. The process consisted of three phases: document search and evaluation using the VOSViewer tool; selection and filtering of documents according to the defined criteria, and document analysis. The results show that all research on teacher-teacher feedback concludes that it improves learning, the relationship between teaching partners and school climate. The main difficulty identified relates to teachers' lack of skills in providing quality feedback. Few articles analysed the impact of feedback on teaching and learning methodologies(although all highlighted positive benefits) and even fewer studies analysed its impact on TPD. In turn, recommendations for improving research and practice in schools are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This article aimed to analyze the contributions of research related to relevant variables on the current state of safety and health of families of San Jorge by mercury from mining activities, allowing to glimpse possible future consequences to the health of the communities of Ayapel - Córdoba in the Colombian Caribbean from the meanings and practices developed and systematized in the different sources of information. Methodology: The review was carried out from 2010 to 2022 and was conducted through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis following PRISMA using different descriptors in the Scopus, Scielo and PUBMED databases, as well as in the Colombian regulations. Results: socio-environmental, socioeconomic and health and disease categories were obtained where it revealed that primary publications were evidently analytical and sociodemographic, which reveal different socio-environmental and symptomatological problems associated with the toxicity and genotoxicity of mercury coming mainly from artisanal and illegal mining. Conclusions: Conclusions: The studies conducted primarily focus on the department of Córdoba, highlighting the need for research in other regions of the country, with a focus on public health. This implies addressing the raised issue and properly addressing it, theorizing it from other scientific disciplines and from the perspective of public health, promoting new interdisciplinary research lines with the aim of preventing and providing timely knowledge about the health impacts on populations engaged in such practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to characterize the state of the art of educational practices that incorporate a gender perspective into science education and to identify its development and challenges in the context of educational research. The method employed was a systematic literature review that contemplates an analysis of empirical research conducted between 2013 and 2022. Databases such as Scopus, Scielo, and Web of Science were consulted, considering both inclusion and exclusion criteria to retrieve the maximum amount of available information. The predesigned search strategy yielded 23 articles for analysis. The results show that the main practices involve the use of scientific questions and classroom workshops, and that most of these investigations occur in North America and Europe. The most significant findings on contemporary visions of science that incorporate the gender perspective. This research describes the challenges related to the methodologies implemented to encourage educational practices from the perspective of equity and plurality in science education, geographical scope and the visions of science and gender present in the studies. Therefore, it is intended to be of value to science teachers and the science education research community interested in the inclusion of the gender perspective in teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The critical meaningful learning of general relativity by students is a necessity today due to new discoveries in the area of astrophysics and its social and technological impact. This work aims to analyze the incorporation of the principles of the theory of critical meaningful learning in basic and secondary education and evaluate its possibilities for teaching general relativity. Thus, the PRISMA protocol is applied in a systematic review of scientific articles between 2012 and 2023, provided by databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, Dialnet, and Google Scholar. Research articles in Spanish, English, and Portuguese were chosen that reported on intervention proposals that addressed principles of critical meaningful learning for the training of basic and secondary education students. Twenty-three studies were analyzed in which all or part of the principles of critical meaningful learning is taken into account in the learning of concepts of natural sciences and mathematics was considered. The analysis led us to conclude that there is an interest in addressing the principles of prior knowledge, social interaction and questioning, and the non-use of the blackboard at these educational levels. In relation to learning general relativity, its historical context and conceptual revolution allow us to address principles such as unlearning and the uncertainty of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to identify the efficacy of both electroencephalographic recording and the evaluation of cortisol in saliva under stress, we conducted an orderly and explicit systematic review of the most recent scientific literature on these topics through critical analysis. We reviewed studies evaluating acute and chronic stress. This review focused on the male population because this is a scarcely studied group, and stress seems associated with various clinical and social problems such as aggression, violence, and addictions. We finally present a qualitative summary of the scientific evidence and a discussion on using these techniques as reliable biomarkers. Results reaffirm the importance of assessing stress in its acute or chronic form since they support results obtained by psychometric instruments. Results also support the evidence of the effects of interventions used to evaluate and treat this disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a certain consensus in the scientific literature that film is a useful resource for teaching science. However, recent studies carried out in Spain show that this resource is still underused. In order to know in detail, the state of the question, the present systematic review is proposed. Some of the main results point to a consensus on the benefits of film in the classroom. However, few empirical studies support these claims with data. Further research on this topic is therefore needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zoos and aquariums are well placed to connect visitors with the issues facing biodiversity globally and many deliver interventions that seek to influence visitors’ beliefs and behaviors with respect to conservation. However, despite primary studies evaluating the effect of such interventions, the overall effect of engaging with zoos and the factors that influence this effect remain unclear. We conducted a systematic review to investigate the effect of zoo‐led interventions on knowledge, beliefs (attitudes, intentions, self‐efficacy, and social norms), and behavior among zoo visitors. These outcomes were identified using the Theory of Planned Behavior as a theoretical lens. We identified and described the nature of zoo‐led interventions in 56 studies and used the behavior change technique (BCT) taxonomy to identify 6 specific BCTs used in interventions to date. Multilevel meta‐analyses revealed a small to medium positive effect of engaging with zoo‐led interventions on outcomes (d+ = 0.40, 95% confidence interval = 0.28–0.51). Specifically, visitors were more knowledgeable about conservation issues, held more favorable attitudes toward conservation, and reported being more likely to act for the benefit of biodiversity. No evidence of publication bias was present. Effect sizes were, however, heterogeneous and subgroup analyses revealed that the nature of the intervention or type of outcome did not explain this variance. Larger effects were, however, found in studies conducted at a single institution relative to research at multiple institutions and studies that used within‐participant designs relative to between‐participant designs. Taken together, these findings demonstrate how behavior change frameworks can be used to describe zoo‐led interventions and supports the assertion that zoos and aquariums can promote changes in beliefs and behaviors that may help protect biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The habit of research contributes to the acquisition of new knowledge, where its function lies in understanding, explaining, describing, or seeking solutions to certain problems, so it is necessary to show the results obtained through the writing of scientific texts and apply it from the university, therefore, methodologies or techniques of systematic literature review should be applied to optimize the information. For this purpose, a systematic literature review (SRL) was carried out where 25 articles extracted from bibliographic databases were analyzed and compiled, such as: Scopus, Dialnet, ScienceDirect, Scielo and IEEE, scientific documents that provide answers to two research questions proposed in this study. From the results, different procedures were identified to encourage the research habit in university students and the systematic literature review techniques used to strengthen the writing of scientific articles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aim: Official data show that nearly three million people are awaiting trial in prison. Despite this group representativeness, few interventions have been developed and assessed for these prisoners, even though literature has been showing that they present specific vulnerabilities. Nevertheless, no previous literature review had covered this topic. Considering this, the present review aims to gather evidence on the programs focused on this population, analyzing their intervention targets and their effectiveness. Method: The search identified a total of 7,143 studies. After removing the duplicates, 2,199 were screened using the title and abstract, according to the inclusion criteria. The full-text screening comprehended 45 articles, of which 37 were excluded. This resulted in 8 studies for inclusion in the final analysis, of which four were pharmacological studies. Results: Overall, meta-analysis results exhibited that treatment of remand prisoners (RPs) has an extraordinarily large positive effects, exceeding 92%. Our study confirmed that RPs would benefit from treatment, and therefore intervention programs should be established. Conclusions: Besides, our findings underlined the scarce resources to address the difficulties of the remand population, reinforcing the importance of assessing these individuals' needs to develop effective responses to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present systematic review was to examine the characteristics of mHealth interventions focused on reducing substance use, negative consequences or increasing protective behavioural strategies use in young adult population. Interventions were categorized according to the format of implementation (i. e., messages, web page or apps). We identified 29 interventions. Interventions delivered by messages and web pages impacted on the three dependent variables analysed. None of the interventions delivered by app showed significant changes. Most of the interventions were intended for college students and focused on alcohol consumption. Our results stand out the need to develop and evaluate interventions for noncollege population and focused on substances different to alcohol. The evidence provided could be a useful for designing mHealth interventions focused on reduce substance use among young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. We aimed to study the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) versus other anti-HER2 therapies in HER2+ breast cancer (BC). Materials and Methods. We performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Our study focused on patients undergoing treatment for unresectable locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) or metastatic breast cancer (mBC), which included regimens involving trastuzumab and taxanes. Additionally, we considered cases within the first 6 months of treatment for HER2+ early breast cancer (EBC). Results. A total of 23 RCTs and 41 reports were included in our analysis. LABC and mBC showed no statistically significant difference in any of the comparisons of T-DM1 versus the other anti-HER2+ therapies. When assessing progression-free survival (PFS), trastuzumab-deruxtecan (T-DXd) and PyroCap demonstrated greater efficacy compared to other treatments (Hazard Ratio [HR]: 3.57; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.75-4.63 and HR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.35-2.44; respectively), while T-DM1 alone exhibited superior effectiveness compared to LapCap (HR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.55-0.77), TrasCap (HR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.46-0.91), LapCapCitu (HR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.33-1.10), Nera (HR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.39-0.77), and Cap (HR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.28-0.49). Conclusions. NMA allows a ranking based on the comparative efficacy and safety among the interventions available. Although superior to other schemes, T-DM1 showed a lower efficacy performance in PFS and overall response rate and a trend towards worse overall survival than T-DXd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Early childhood intervention is a form of intervention aimed at children to overcome difficulties in different areas of their development after birth. There are multiple early intervention programmes, but only a few studies assess their efficacy using data. Objective: A systematic review and meta-analysis of early intervention programmes was carried out. Method: Inclusion criteria were considered to be empirical studies, with outcome data on children between 0 and 6 years of age with various developmental problems. The review was conducted in nine databases. Results: Of the total number of studies from 2000 to 2021 in English and Spanish, 40 studies were included that looked at the efficacy of the programmes. Of these, 19 used comparisons with a control group, and 13 used single-subject designs, as well as other designs. The programmes were very diverse, mostly based on behavioural procedures, and aimed at promoting the development of specific areas. The quality of the studies is medium-high. The meta-analysis included 18 studies with a mean effect size d = 0.45 (CI = 0.18, 0.67), with high sample heterogeneity and low study selection bias. Conclusions: Early childhood interventions have a medium and positive efficacy on the skills and abilities of children with developmental problems. The limitations of the reviewed studies are discussed, as well as the need for well-defined programmes, long-term measurements, and comparisons of different types of programmes among them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present systematic review synthesizes the evidence of the interaction of quality of life with trait mindfulness in the adult population. Following the PRISMA methodology, quantitative articles with primary results on the association between quality of life and mindfulness in adults aged 18 to 65 years, published between 1979 and 2022 in English and Spanish, were considered. Searches were carried out in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and PsycNet. The risk of bias was assessed using a methodological rigor scoring tool. In the end, 10 articles that met the criteria showed that the mindfulness trait may improve the quality of life of adults in a moderate to high way, due to the process of acceptance and coping consciously, without judgments and reactions, minimizing negative effects such as stress. Additionally, challenges regarding the conceptualization, measurement, and inclusion of third variables were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present systematic review synthesizes the evidence of the interaction of quality of life with trait mindfulness in the adult population. Following the PRISMA methodology, quantitative articles with primary results on the association between quality of life and mindfulness in adults aged 18 to 65 years, published between 1979 and 2022 in English and Spanish, were considered. Searches were carried out in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and PsycNet. The risk of bias was assessed using a methodological rigor scoring tool. In the end, 10 articles that met the criteria showed that the mindfulness trait may improve the quality of life of adults in a moderate to high way, due to the process of acceptance and coping in a conscious way, without judgments and reactions, minimizing negative effects such as stress. Additionally, challenges regarding the conceptualization, measurement, and inclusion of third variables were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study, of a bibliographic nature, is characterized as a systematic review, whose objective consisted of mapping the panorama of Brazilian academic research in Ethnomathematics, from 2005 to 2023. The search base used was the catalog of theses and dissertations of the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes). 501 works were found, 418 dissertations and 83 theses. The preparation of the study was based on a guide formulated for systematic reviews in the area of Teaching and Mathematics Education, which is constituted, respectively, by the following five stages: objective and question; search for jobs; selection of studies; analysis of productions and presentation of the systematic review. The study has a theoretical foundation centered on theoretical contributions from the Ethnomathematics Program. According to the data collected, the research mapped in this study is focused on issues involving the teaching and learning process, the curriculum, models aimed at Mathematics Education, as well as describing or presenting parts or Ethnomathematics. The studies cover a diversity of cultural contexts, however, there is a focus on investigations focused on peasant and indigenous culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and objective: Peritonsillar abscess (PA) is the most frequent complication of acute tonsillitis. Given the discrepancies observed in the literature, we present a systematic review to analyse the prevalence of PA in our setting in relation to three epidemiological factors: age, gender, and climatology. Methods: A literature search was carried out on the influence of age, gender, and seasonality on PA. The databases used were PubMed, Cochrane, and Medline, without time restriction, following the PRISMA methodology. The registry was carried out by three independent reviewers during the month of October 2022. Results: After excluding duplicates, 289 articles were obtained, of which, after the screening detailed in the methodology, we selected 23 as part of the systematic review. Discussion: In most of the included papers, a predominance of PA in men is observed, with a male/female ratio varying from 1.16 to 3. The mean age of onset of PA varies, depending on the study, from 22 to 39 years. Although with disparate results, AP does not seem to have a seasonal predominance, without being able to rule out a certain climatic influence. Conclusions: AP is the most frequent complication of acute tonsillitis. In adults, it predominates in men. The mean age ranges between 22 and 39 years. It does not seem to show climatic preference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the development of training programs in socioemotional skills in childhood has increased because they are considered as a valid tool for adaptation and coping with a variety of situations, both academic and personal. However, there are few studies that show a comprehensive view of available evidences. This research presents an umbrella review based on PRISMA method guidelines. It includes reviews on socioemotional development programs applied in Primary Education with the aim of synthesizing their characteristics and compiling the main results on their effectiveness. The following databases were used: ERIC, WOS, PSYCINFO, SCOPUS and COCHRANE. After a blind peer process, 15 reviews that met the inclusion criteria were selected and analysed. Using the AMSTAR-2 and SANRA tools, it was found that 60% of secondary studies have critically low or low quality. Thirty nine programs reported in good quality reviews were identified, 51.2% presented moderate or strong evidence and reported significant effects mainly on behavioral adjustment, social and emotional competencies and academic skills. The impact of the methodological quality found and the evidences on the interpretation and generalization of the findings is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heart diseases are potentially fatal pathologies considered a risk factor for anxiety disorders. This paper aims to present a systematic literature review on anxiety in cardiology. Five databases were selected: Scielo, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and PubMed. The descriptors "cardiologia" and "ansiedade" and their equivalents in English, "anxiety" and "cardiology" were used. The inclusion criteria were papers published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish between 2017 and 2021. Twenty-six studies were selected, and four topics stood out: socio-demographic profile, anxiety and cardiac rehabilitation, anxiety-related risk and protective factors, and anxiety and depression. The results indicate that healthy anxiety levels play a protective role in promoting patient self-care. However, maladaptive anxiety levels hinder patients from coping with the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heart diseases are potentially fatal pathologies considered a risk factor for anxiety disorders. This paper aims to present a systematic literature review on anxiety in cardiology. Five databases were selected: SciElo, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and PubMed. The descriptors "cardiologia" and "ansiedade" and their equivalents in English, "anxiety" and "cardiology" were used. The inclusion criteria were papers published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish between 2017 and 2021. Twenty-six studies were selected, and four topics stood out: socio-demographic profile; anxiety and cardiac rehabilitation; anxiety-related risk and protective factors; and anxiety and depression. The results indicate that healthy anxiety levels play a protective role in promoting patient self-care. However, maladaptive anxiety levels hinder patients from coping with the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depression is a highly incident and recurrent condition, with episodes presenting varying levels of severity, being more prevalent among women. Maternal depression is known for its impact on parenting and schoolchildren's behavior. However, the influence of depression severity has been less systematically addressed. This study's objective was to identify and analyze empirical studies published between 2016 and 2022 addressing associations between the severity of maternal depression and schoolchildren's behavior. PRISMA guidelines were adopted with the following keywords: "maternal depress* and parenting and behavior problems." A total of 737 studies were identified in PsychInfo, PubMed, Web of Science, Lilacs, and Scielo databases and 10 were selected for analysis. Two other studies were included through the bibliographic references of the identified articles, totaling 12 studies for final analysis. Most of the studies were cross-sectional and presented predictive analyses. The results show that different severity levels of depression were associated with fewer positive practices and more behavioral problems in children. Additionally, current depression, in relation to the chronicity of the disorder, can better explain the negative impact on parenting practices. These findings can guide health professionals who care for children with behavioral problems, in the sense of guiding their guidelines by also considering the mental health condition of the mothers. Further studies addressing this population are suggested to investigate jointly the impact of different levels of maternal depression severity on parenting and children's behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumen: Los Andes tropicales son una de las ecorregiones más biodiversas de la Tierra, con altos niveles de endemismo de especies. Los Andes tropicales son también una de las ecorregiones más vulnerables del mundo debido a una larga historia de transformaciones antropogénicas. Uno de los principales obstáculos para generar planes de conservación son las lagunas en el conocimiento sobre el estado y las amenazas de muchos grupos de la biodiversidad andina, especialmente los invertebrados. Centrándonos en tres importantes grupos de escarabajos (Coleoptera: carábidos, estafilínidos y escarabajos estercoleros) de los Andes tropicales, realizamos una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica recuperando 50 estudios que nos permitieron evaluar el grado de conocimiento en la región, los tipos de perturbación y las métricas de biodiversidad utilizadas. Encontramos una alta representación de estudios en Colombia, en comparación con otros países andinos. También encontramos un marcado sesgo entre los grupos taxonómicos, los temas o las métricas evaluadas, siendo los escarabajos estercoleros el grupo más representado, especialmente en los estudios que abordan la conversión de los bosques utilizando métricas como la riqueza de especies o la abundancia. Revelamos grandes lagunas en la información sobre la diversidad de los escarabajos del suelo y de los roedores, y en el uso de otras métricas de diversidad. La falta de información en todos los países dificulta la generalización de los resultados y resalta la necesidad de más investigación, especialmente en países poco representados como Bolivia y Venezuela. La inclusión de métricas de respuesta complementarias, como la biomasa, la diversidad funcional o las funciones ecológicas, mejorará la evaluación de los impactos humanos en las comunidades de escarabajos andinos tropicales y en ecosistemas más amplios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumen: Perú es un país megabiodiverso que está experimentando una cantidad considerable de cambios antropogénicos que ponen en riesgo sus ecosistemas. La ciencia ecológica puede aportar respuestas sobre cómo afrontar el cambio explorando nuevas formas de utilizar los ecosistemas de forma sostenible. Aquí revisamos el estado actual y las tendencias de los estudios ecológicos mediante una búsqueda en bases de datos con el objetivo de responder a las siguientes preguntas: (i) ¿quién ha estudiado los ecosistemas peruanos y qué impacto ha tenido esa investigación? (ii) ¿cuáles son las regiones políticas y ecológicas más estudiadas en el país? (iii) ¿cuáles son los taxa más estudiados? (iv) ¿cuáles son las variables más estudiadas? y (v) ¿cuáles son los temas más estudiados y su relación con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS)? Para responder a estas preguntas, realizamos una revisión sistemática utilizando la base de datos Scopus (1974–2022) y encontramos 465 artículos de investigaciones sobre ecología en Perú. Encontramos una amplia y creciente diversidad de revistas y autores que publican investigaciones sobre los ecosistemas del Perú, con una importante participación de científicos peruanos, especialmente en los últimos 15 años. Las regiones amazónicas del país fueron las más estudiadas, siendo algunas regiones políticas y ecológicas casi no evaluadas, como Huancavelica, Ayacucho, Apurímac y Tacna y el bosque tropical del pacífico, el páramo y la sabana de palmeras, respectivamente. La mayoría de los estudios se centraron en una sola especie, principalmente animales, y en segundo lugar plantas. La composición y/o distribución de especies fue la principal variable de estudio y la conservación fue el tema principal. La Vida de ecosistemas terrestres (ODS 15) estuvo más representada que otros ODS (58,4% de los artículos), quedando varios otros casi sin estudiar. En general, encontramos que la investigación ecológica sobre los ecosistemas peruanos está sesgada a ciertas regiones, taxa y temas. Esto representa importantes oportunidades para nuevos proyectos, colaboraciones de investigación y alineamiento con las agendas globales de sostenibilidad para una producción de conocimiento más significativa, especialmente considerando el significativo incremento en los resultados de investigación visto en los últimos 15 años. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), nurses are considered as essential, not only to ensure pharmacological safety, but also in the promotion in self-care and decision-making, favouring the empowerment of patients. This systematic review aimed to summarize the available literature on the health education by the nurse in patients with RA. Following Cochrane Collaboration procedures, the PRISMA statement and PRISMA checklist, relevant quantitative studies published were retrieved from the CINAHL, Scopus, PubMed and Medic databases and then systematically reviewed. The search ended in August 2021. Nineteen studies were retained for inclusion and evaluated with the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network for Systematic Reviews. We found statistically significant improvement in self-care (five studies), disease activity (three studies), quality of life (two studies), satisfaction (five studies) and adherence (one study) with the nursing-led management of patients with established rheumatoid arthritis. Although there is solid evidence of improvement in satisfaction and self-care, there seems to be a trend also to improve other outcomes, such as DAS28, from the EULAR recommendations, the expansion of the therapeutic arsenal for rheumatoid arthritis and shared decision-making. In addition, recently and due to the implementation of new technologies, the role of the nurse has been evaluated through virtual consultations. The results of recent studies have shown that this an effective and well-accepted novel approach for the management of patients with stable rheumatoid arthritis. Our study suggests that nurse-led health education, in addition of improvement in satisfaction and self-care, improve activity disease scores in RA patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stress allows us to face the demands of our environment, however, when prolonged it produces negative effects on physical and mental health, which is why it is relevant to determine these processes. An approach to this understanding is found in biological markers, such as salivary cortisol, considered a good and viable alternative to measure stress in the scientific literature. The present study is a systematic review in which the objective was to evaluate the methodological processes and findings of those studies that used salivary cortisol as a marker of both acute and basal stress. For this purpose, a specialized search was carried out between the months of February and April of the year 2023 of original investigations published since the year 2015. The search generated a total of 957 articles of which 38 met the selection criteria. Salivary cortisol was found to be a highly efficient biomarker to study both acute and basal stress. To obtain the maximum effectiveness of this biomarker, it is necessary to consider some exogenous variables that can alter the results, either by inhibiting the stress response, decreasing, or increasing cortisol levels. It is also important to establish whether acute or basal stress will be studied, since the methodology for obtaining and evaluating the samples is different. We recommend assessing stress using salivary cortisol along with other biomarkers and/or psychometric scales to increase the precision, increasing validity and reliability of both psychological and neuropsychological research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: SEO (search engine optimization) is the set of strategies that apply to content and websites so that they appear in relevant positions in search results. Given its importance in broad sectors of human activity, SEO has not gone unnoticed by academia, which has led to the development of different studies on this discipline. Objectives: under this premise, in this work, we aim to learn the academy's vision of SEO. In particular, we aim to explore the main characteristics of the corpus of published academic articles on SEO in the field of social sciences. The specific objectives are to determine key ideas, trends and key themes related to search engine positioning, including commonly used methodologies, as well as provide evidence-based input through a scoping review. Methodology: to carry out this research and determine what is the academia's vision about SEO, an exploratory systematic review has been applied, under a methodology known internationally as scoping review. For the development of the different phases of the systematized review, the SALSA framework has been followed, which has provided a basis of evidence from 56 documents. Results: the results of this research provide an overall characterization of academic studies in SEO from the social sciences and determine that they have focused, mainly, on knowing how general search engines like Google work, study SEO in relation to libraries and repositories, research positioning techniques in general and in particular business sectors, notably in journalism and the media, analyze the learning and training applied to search engine optimization and demonstrate the relationship between search engine positioning and user experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been shown to negatively affect health in adulthood. Estimates of associations between ACEs and chronic painful conditions are lacking. Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate associations between exposure to ACEs and chronic pain and pain-related disability in adults. Methods: We searched 10 electronic databases from inception to February 2023. We included observational studies assessing associations between direct ACEs (childhood sexual, physical, emotional abuse, or neglect) alone or in combination with indirect ACEs (witnessing domestic violence, household mental illness), and adult chronic pain (≥3 months duration) and pain-related disability (daily activities limited by chronic pain). Pairs of reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study risks of bias. Random-effect models were used to calculate pooled adjusted odds ratios [aOR]. Tau square [T2], 95% prediction intervals [95%PI] and I2 expressed the amount of heterogeneity, and meta-regressions and subgroup meta-analyses investigated sources of heterogeneity (PROSPERO: CRD42020150230). Results: We identified 85 studies including 826,452 adults of which 57 studies were included in meta-analyses. Study quality was generally good or fair (n = 70). The odds of reporting chronic pain in adulthood were significantly higher among individuals exposed to a direct ACE (aOR, 1.45, 95%CI, 1.38–1.53). Individuals reporting childhood physical abuse were significantly more likely to report both chronic pain (aOR, 1.50, 95CI, 1.39–1.64) and pain-related disability (1.46, 95CI, 1.03–2.08) during adulthood. Exposure to any ACEs alone or combined with indirect ACEs significantly increase the odds of adult chronic painful conditions (aOR, 1.53, 95%CI, 1.42–1.65) and pain-related disability (aOR, 1.29; 95%CI, 1.01–1.66). The risk of chronic pain in adulthood significantly increased from one ACE (aOR, 1.29, 95%CI, 1.22–1.37) to four or more ACEs (1.95, 95%CI, 1.73–2.19). Conclusions: Single and cumulative ACEs are significantly associated with reporting of chronic pain and pain-related disability as an adult. Previous meta-analyses highlighted the negative impact of adverse childhood experiences on physical, psychological, and behavioural health across the lifespan. We found exposure to any direct adverse childhood experience, i.e. childhood sexual, physical, emotional abuse, or neglect alone or combined, increased the risk of reporting chronic pain and pain-related disability in adulthood. The risk of reporting chronic painful disorders increased with increasing numbers of adverse childhood experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: After a traumatic incident in the workplace organisations want to provide support for their employees to prevent PTSD. However, what is safe and effective to offer has not yet been established, despite many organisations offering some form of intervention after a traumatic event. Objective: To systematically review the evidence for post-incident psychosocial interventions offered within one month of a workplace trauma, and to compare the content, effectiveness and acceptability of these interventions. Given the lack of a yet clearly established evidence-base in this field, we sought to examine both published empirical research as well as guidelines published by expert groups working with staff in high-risk roles. Methods: We conducted systematic searches for empirical research across bibliographic databases and searched online for clinical practice guidelines to April 2023. We were also referred to potentially relevant literature by experts in workplace trauma. Both empirical research and clinical guidelines were appraised for their quality. Results: A total of 80 research studies and 11 clinical practice guidelines were included in the review. Interventions included Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD), Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM), unspecified Debriefing, Trauma Risk Management (TRiM), Psychological First Aid (PFA), EMDR, CBT and group counselling. Most research and guidance were of poor quality. The findings of this review do not demonstrate any harm caused by CISD, CISM, PFA, TRiM, EMDR, group counselling or CBT interventions when delivered in a workplace setting. However, they do not conclusively demonstrate benefits of these interventions nor do they establish superiority of any specific intervention. Generic debriefing was associated with some negative outcomes. Current clinical guidelines were inconsistent with the current research evidence base. Nevertheless, interventions were generally valued by workers. Conclusions: Better quality research and guidance is urgently needed, including more detailed exploration of the specific aspects of delivery of post-incident interventions. Organisations often seek to provide some form of psychosocial intervention after a traumatic event in the workplace. Previous reviews have contraindicated particular forms of 'debriefing', however, the evidence for post-incident psychosocial interventions in the workplace has not previously been systematically reviewed. Research evidence was generally of poor quality with limited evidence of effectiveness and clinical guidelines were inconsistent with the evidence. Nevertheless, research did not demonstrate harm from most established interventions and support was valued by workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition affecting millions of people worldwide. Existing treatments often fail to address the complexity of its symptoms and functional impairments resulting from severe and prolonged trauma. Electroencephalographic Neurofeedback (NFB) has emerged as a promising treatment that aims to reduce the symptoms of PTSD by modulating brain activity. Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of ten clinical trials to answer the question: how effective is NFB in addressing PTSD and other associated symptoms across different trauma populations, and are these improvements related to neurophysiological changes? Method: The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta analyses guidelines. We considered all published and unpublished randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomised studies of interventions (NRSIs) involving adults with PTSD as a primary diagnosis without exclusion by type of trauma, co-morbid diagnosis, locality, or sex. Ten controlled studies were included; seven RCTs and three NRSIs with a total number of participants n = 293 (128 male). Only RCTs were included in the meta-analysis (215 participants; 88 male). Results: All included studies showed an advantage of NFB over control conditions in reducing symptoms of PTSD, with indications of improvement in symptoms of anxiety and depression and related neurophysiological changes. Meta-analysis of the pooled data shows a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms post-treatment SMD of −1.76 (95% CI −2.69, −0.83), and the mean remission rate was higher in the NFB group (79.3%) compared to the control group (24.4%). However, the studies reviewed were mostly small, with heterogeneous populations and varied quality. Conclusions: The effect of NFB on the symptoms of PTSD was moderate and mechanistic evidence suggested that NFB leads to therapeutic changes in brain functioning. Future research should focus on more rigorous methodological designs, expanded sample size and longer follow-up. Neurofeedback (NFB) was found to have moderate beneficial effects on PTSD symptoms, and positive effects on secondary outcomes such as depression and anxiety, according to a meta-analysis of seven randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The beneficial effects of NFB were observed across diverse populations, including those with different types of trauma (military and civilians) and from different ethnic backgrounds. Results suggest that modulation of alpha rhythm might be a viable NFB protocol in patients with PTSD, as changes in neurophysiological functioning, such as connectivity in the Default Mode Network (DMN) and Salience Network (SN), were observed post-NFB and were correlated with a decrease in PTSD severity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: People forced to leave their homes, such as refugees and internally displaced persons, are exposed to various stressors during their forced displacement, putting them at risk for mental disorders. Objective: To summarize evidence on the efficacy of psychosocial interventions aiming to promote mental health and/or to prevent mental symptoms by fostering transdiagnostic skills in forcibly displaced persons of all ages. Method: Four databases and reference lists were searched for randomized controlled trials on interventions in this population on 11 March 2022. Thirty-six studies were eligible, 32 studies (comprising 5299 participants) were included in random-effects multilevel meta-analyses examining the effects of interventions on mental symptoms and positive mental health (e.g. wellbeing) as well as moderators to account for heterogeneity. OSF Preregistration-ID: 10.17605/OSF.IO/XPMU3 Results: Our search resulted in 32 eligible studies, with 10 reporting on children/adolescents and 27 on adult populations. There was no evidence for favourable intervention effects in children/adolescents, with 44.4% of the effect sizes pointing to potentially negative effects yet remaining non-significant. For adult populations, our meta-analyses showed a close-to-significant favourable effect for mental symptoms, M(SMD) = 0.33, 95% CI [–0.03, 0.69], which was significant when analyses were limited to high-quality studies and larger for clinical compared to non-clinical populations. No effects emerged for positive mental health. Heterogeneity was considerable and could not be explained by various moderators (e.g. type of control, duration, setting, theoretical basis). Certainty of evidence was very low across all outcomes limiting the generalizability of our findings. Conclusion: The present review provides at most weak evidence for an effect favouring transdiagnostic psychosocial interventions over control conditions for adult populations but not for children and adolescents. Future research should combine the imperative of humanitarian aid in face of major crises with studying the diverse needs of forcibly displaced persons to improve and tailor future interventions. This review is the first to examine the efficacy of transdiagnostic interventions for mental health promotion and prevention of mental disorders in forcibly displaced persons of all ages. Overall, we found no favourable effect of transdiagnostic interventions in both children/adolescents and adults. Excluding studies at high risk of bias, there was weak evidence for a small favourable effect in adults, but not in children and adolescents. Thus, so far, there is weak evidence for transdiagnostic interventions in forcibly displaced persons. Research efforts need to match care needs: While most people live and need care in low-income countries, the majority of research has been conducted in high-income countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Vision is critical in all aspects and stages of life. Myopia is the second cause of visual impairment worldwide and the prevalence of childhood myopia is increasing at an alarming rate, so a single treatment intervention is not sufficient and interventions that slow its progression should be combined. Objective: to determine the effect of atropine in 0.01% ophthalmic drops combined with optical correction interventions to slow the progression of childhood myopia. Methodology: a systematic review of articles published in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and EBSCOhost up to March 28, 2022, was performed. Meta-analysis was performed with a random-effects model by subgroups of interest. Results: eight studies were selected (six randomized clinical trials, one nonrandomized trial, and one cohort study), including a total of 632 children with low and medium myopia who used orthokeratology or monofocal contact lenses and atropine 0.01% eye drops. The meta-analysis showed results in favor of combined treatment to slow axial elongation by -0.15 mm with a 95% confidence interval (-0.23 to -0.07), high risk of bias, and high heterogeneity (I2=94%). Conclusions: according to the available evidence, atropine in 0.01% eye drops combined with mono-focal lenses or orthokeratology contact lenses could reduce axial elongation in children with low and medium myopia; however, the results are heterogeneous and the risk of bias is high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this special article is to summarize and discuss, from an anesthesia perspective, the network meta-analysis on drugs used for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after general anesthesia, in agreement with the Cochrane Colombia collaboration and within the framework of the Cochrane Corners strategy. Through the combination of indirect comparisons and based on the evidence, the use of aprepitant, ramosetron, granisetron, dexamethasone and ondansetron is recommended with a high degree of certainty for the reduction of postoperative nausea and vomiting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common complications in surgical patients undergoing general anesthesia, and multiple strategies have been suggested to prevent them. Objective: To describe the available evidence on the effectiveness of pharmacological and nonpharmacological strategies for preventing PONV in adults undergoing surgery under general anesthesia, as reported in previous meta-analyses and systematic reviews. Methodology: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses was conducted. Searches were performed in PubMed, EBSCO, EMBASE, Cochrane Database, Science Direct, and Scopus, without restrictions as to gender, clinical condition, or date of publication, including articles in Spanish, French, and English only. Two reviewers independently and in duplicate did the screening, data extraction, quality evaluation, and risk of bias assessment according to AMSTAR-2. The PRISMA and PRIOR statements were followed for reporting. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021251999. Results: Out of 80 candidate articles, three were viable for meta-analysis. 1.5 mg to 18 mg doses of Dexamethasone showed a significant reduction in the risk of PONV, with a RR of 0.48 (95 % CI 0.41-0.57; p<0.001), I2=63 % (p=0.07), and a NNTc of 5 and 7. Other effective strategies included the use of acoustic stimulation/acupuncture/acupressure, 5HT3 antagonists, NK1 antagonists, gabapentinoids, haloperidol, droperidol, metoclopramide, midazolam, mirtazapine, among others. The risk of publication bias was low. Conclusion: Different strategies are effective for PONV prophylaxis in surgeries under general anesthesia. Dexamethasone shows the best available evidence at the moment. The documented methodological quality suggests the need for better studies to establish the effectiveness of the strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The methodology of Person Centered Planning (PCP) is having an increasing impact in Spain. Starting from the different legislations that regulate the attention to this group in the different autonomous regions and ending in the centers that provide this service. However, there is little international literature on large-scale empirical studies that place this methodological approach in a relevant position to guarantee the efficacy of PCP. The main objective of this study is to know the status of the use of PCP methodology through empirically supported studies that sustain both benefits and limitations during the last 10 years (2012-2022). For this purpose, a systematic review has been conducted since the PRISMA guidelines (2020), including a total of 31 articles. As a conclusion, more benefits than limitations have been found, among which the advantages in its use for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and improvements in aspects related to self-determination stand out. However, limitations prevail due to the lack of adequate support and resources from organizations to respond to person-centered planning and the need for training of the people involved in the development of the PCP, which raises the question of whether good practices are being carried out in the use of this methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In recent years, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has spread, in both the number of publications and professionals who use this technique in the clinical setting. The objective of this meta-analysis was to verify the efficacy of EMDR in treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. Method: Based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 18 articles were selected (n = 1213 subjects), published between 1991-2022. Results: The effect sizes found in the meta-analysis were small in the reduction of symptoms associated with PTSD, anxiety and depression, both in post-treatment and in maintenance. The analysis of the moderating variables revealed that both intervention time, the number and duration of the sessions, the experience of the therapist, and the type of therapist in charge of the intervention play an important role in the size of the final effect. No statistically significant data were found in the meta-regression analysis. Conclusions: Although the study had restrictive criteria for study selection, there is a certain risk of bias in the selected articles, which lack sufficient methodological quality to be extrapolated to the clinical field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to carry out an exhaustive analysis of the existing literature on the development of educational quality in the field of higher education during the period between 2019 and 2023. To achieve this purpose, we used the method of PRISMA systematic review, which allowed us to synthesize the evidence from the academic literature and obtain an updated vision of the most effective practices in this area. The inclusion criteria focused on studies published in English that explicitly addressed the issue of educational quality in the context of higher education. The information search was carried out in three academic databases: ERIC, Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS). A combination of key terms related to educational quality, Latin American or Peruvian universities, and Higher Education were used. All selected studies were assessed for methodological quality, and relevant data were extracted. The results of this systematic review made it possible to identify patterns and trends related to the development of educational quality in the university environment. The study provides an overview of the most outstanding practices in this area, highlighting the importance of formulating competitiveness strategies and promoting humanistic training programs and social responsibility, as well as their relevance in evaluating results and progress achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article follows the PRISMA rules for systematic reviews and is part of the research on co-teaching practices in initial teacher training (ITT). It explores the key formative experiences, models, explanatory dynamics, and facilitators/barriers for participants in the co-teaching processes in the context of the FID. Studies of co-teaching in teacher education, experiences prior to entering the teaching profession, and methodologies used in education programs were included to write this paper. Articles related to predictive models and those that could not be found on FID were excluded. 59 studies published in journals indexed in the WoS, Scopus, and Scielo databases between the years 2000 and 2020 were considered. The analysis was performed using a combination of content analysis and the constant comparative method. The results show two main configurations of co-teaching in the FID, a high impact on teachers in the school system, university staff, and pedagogy students, as early co-teaching practices benefit not only the latter, but also other actors, both from university institutions and school communities. Limitations of this article include the scarce evidence in Spanish and the diversity of the understanding of collaboration in ITT. The article contributes to the visibility of training needs and the exploration of open pathways in initial and continuous teacher education in co-teaching practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eating disorders (ED) have become a public health issue and they often emerge during adolescence. Despite this situation, to our knowledge, there are no scientific systematic reviews of the risk factors associated with ED among Spanish adolescents. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the risk factors associated with ED among Spanish adolescents. Databases were PubMed, Scopus, Dialnet, and Scielo. Seventeen articles were included in the analysis after applying the eligibility criteria. Main results show that BMI (biological factor), psychological comorbidity (psychological factor), and the quality of family dynamics (family factor) are the key risk factors in previous literature. Furthermore, the lack of studies addressed to evaluate sociocultural risk factors related to ED is noteworthy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The reported frequency of self-medication in Colombia ranges from 32.3% to 84.7%, depending on the study sample and time frame. This study aimed to estimate a pooled prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors in Colombian youth and adults. Method: A comprehensive systematic literature review and meta-analysis of the studies on self-medication in Colombia published from January 2000 - June 2022 was conducted. Results: Twelve studies (n=5,668) from urban areas were included, and a pooled prevalence of self-medication of 64.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 50.8%-77.5%) was found. However, the prevalence was lower when self-medication was assessed during the last 30 days (32.3%; 95%CI 25.4%-39.3%) than when longer time frames were used. Female university students had a higher frequency of self-medication (OR= 1.72; 95% CI 1.17-2.53) than males. The most common medications were analgesics (37.7%), anti-inflammatories (33.2%), antihistamines (14.8%), and antibiotics/antiparasitics (12.1%). Lack of time and delays in medical care were reported in 35.2% (95% CI 25.6%-44.7%) of the cases. Conclusions: The reported frequency of self-medication in urban areas of Colombia changed across the studies depending on the time frame used; therefore, this should be considered when conducting and comparing studies on selfmedication prevalence. Although over-the-counter drugs were the most frequently involved (85.7%), the reported use of prescription drugs such as antibiotics/antiparasitics was 12.1%. Considering that lacking time and delays in medical care were reported in a third of cases of self-medication, shortening the long waiting times for healthcare services might contribute to the proper use of medications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the Chilean National Health Fund (FONASA) considers 21 neuropsychological evaluation instruments, which provide information supporting diagnosing and managing a patient with neurocognitive needs. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to evaluate the quality of the evidence available for the use of neuropsychological assessment instruments that are part of the FONASA benefits. For this, a systematic review was carried out based on the Prisma Scoping Review format, searching the WOS and Scielo databases, gray literature databases such as the Red de Repositores Latinoamericanos, Federated Network of Institutional Repositories of Scientific Publications. 14 studies were found, corresponding to 10 instruments considered by FONASA: ACE-R, BNT, FCRST, MMSE, MOCA, NPI-Q, ROCF, RPM, VFT, and WAIS-IV. The instruments address the following cognitive areas: intellectual capacity, general cognitive aspects associated with screening for cognitive disorders and dementia, executive functioning and language, executive functioning and visual perception, and language development or disorders. However, the studies present limitations regarding the cultural adaptation of the Chilean population's geographic, socioeconomic, and age diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There were analyzed empirical researches on transformational leadership in undergraduate and graduate university students from Peru and abroad between 2014 and 2023. The sample consisted of 23 research articles obtained from five electronic database: ERIC, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed and Alicia. The PRISMA 2020 Declaration was applied to carry out the systematic review of the proposed topic. It was found that the United States is the country from which the main authors who published the most on the subject (30.43%), 2021 was the year with the most publications (26.08%), the most used approach and design were the quantitative (69,6%) and correlational (42.86%) respectively. The most used instruments to measure transformational leadership were the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) by Bass & Avolio (1990) and the Leadership Practice Inventory (LPI) by Kouzes & Posner (2012). Additionally, an overview of the psychometric properties of the instruments applied and the statistics used by the researchers of the selected studies was presented. Finally, some recommendations were provided to continue the development of the topic addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to explore the psychometric properties of research competency scales published in the scientific literature in seven databases: Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, Embase, EBSCO, PubMed and SciELO between 2014 and June 2023. Thirteen papers were systematized, where 11 scales were found that measured content validity using indexes such as the S-CVI, Aiken's V and item-test correlations. Similarly, the results of the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) presented adequate fit indices such as CFI, GFI, TLI, SRMR and RMSEA, which validated the factor structure. Reliability was mostly evaluated through Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, yielding high and consistent values. In addition, coefficients such as McDonald's Omega, ordinal Omega, Guttman and Spearman Brown have been used, all reflecting a value above .70 and internal consistency in the measurements. In synthesis, instruments such as the RCS, SRCS, RPCS, SPRDS, EAHIF, AHABI, ERL, self-perception questionnaires and rubrics have proven to be effective tools in the assessment and development of research skills. In that sense, these scales can improve the assessment and development of research skills in university students, and it is expected that future research will use them to evaluate pedagogical approaches and international contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The expansion and consolidation of evidence-based clinical practice has led, among other things, to the need to carry out an increasing variety of types of literature reviews, which allows advancing in knowledge and understanding the breadth of research on a topic of interest. However, the diversity of the terminology used generates confusion of terms and concepts. The aim of this manuscript was to provide a list of the most frequently used review types with their characteristics and some examples. Qualitative review. PubMed, WoS and Scopus databases were examined in a directed way, searching for terms associated with types of reviews and syntheses of the scientific literature. Twenty-one types of review, and 29 variants and associated synonymies were found; those that illustrate the processes of each of them. An overview of the characteristics of each is given, along with perceived strengths and weaknesses. However, it was verified that only some types of review have their own explicit methodologies. This approach, provides a point of reference for those who perform or interpret reviews in the health field and suggests two classification proposals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several studies demonstrate the importance of teaching science in early childhood, which is why this study analyses the research published to date on the development of scientific thinking in early childhood (0-3 years) based on a systematic review of the SCOPUS and ERIC databases. This study included a sample of 398 potential articles, from which 124 have been selected. The results of the systematic review also show the scarcity of research on the subject in the 0-3 years age group. The conclusions reached show the importance of continuing research in the field of study and the importance of scientific literacy in the early ages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Demographic change projects an increase in the number of older adults, so it is essential to have adequate strategies to promote a healthy life. The objective was to carry out a systematic review of the publications from the years 2015-2020. The analysis used the PIO questions technique : P (population of interest), I (intervention), O (outcome/result) in the Pubmed, PsycInfo, Ovid, and Redalyc databases, and MeSH terms older adults'; physical activation; cognitive training and quality of life. The search included the Boolean NOT connector with fragility and disease. Of the total articles (n = 1651), articles published before 2015 (n = 643), without access to the full text (n = 323), with participants with comorbidity (n = 312), were discarded since interventions included programs for populations with different diseases. Eleven published articles were selected, leading to a Flow chart. The main findings describe the techniques used in the professional's profile and variables. In conclusion, cognitive training improves memory, inhibition, flexibility, selective attention, self-esteem, and quality of life. In comparison, physical exercise promotes increased muscle tone, balance, and strength and a lower risk of falls. The findings suggest combining both interventions leads to enhanced effects and favors a better quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The no-ventilation no-oxygenation situation is extremely important due to its high mortality. In these cases, open cricothyroidotomy is indicated. Around fifty percent of the difficulties are the result of inadequate identification of the cricothyroid membrane (CTM). Objective: To determine whether ultrasonography is superior to palpation to identify the CTM at the first attempt. Methods: A systematic review and a meta-analysis were conducted on the identification of the cricothyroid membrane versus palpation in Medline/Central and Embase. Clinical controlled trials and observational studies were included. Two authors independently and in duplicate selected the studies, assessed the biases and extracted the data; a random effects meta-analysis was successfully conducted for the correct identification of the CTM. The risk of bias was assessed and the certainty of the evidence was qualified. CRD42021223961. Results: 464 studies were included of which 15 met the eligibility criteria; 6 were clinical trials y 9 were observational. Ultrasound is superior to palpation in the detection of the CTM (RR 1.88, 95 % CI 1.05-3.36) according to the clinical trials, and it was also superior in observational studies (RR 1.76, 95 % CI 1.36-2.28). The association was preserved in the sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: Ultrasonography is superior to palpation for the correct identification of the TCM, though the certainty of the evidence is low. Further studies with better methodology are needed to improve both certainty and precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Functional dissociative seizures (FDS) are episodes that resemble epileptic seizures, but are caused by different biopsychosocial factors. The way in which these patients cope with the challenges of their condition has been considered an important maintaining factor. The aim of this systematic review is to identify the coping strategies used by adult patients with FDS, and the measures used to assess them. Methods: The review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. A search was conducted in Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Scielo, Science Direct and Lilacs databases. Results: Eleven articles met the inclusion criteria and were integrated into a narrative synthesis. FDS patients use more avoidance and emotion-focused strategies than the general population. Their excessive use has been related to greater psychopathology, poorer quality of life and greater distress in the face of stress. On the other hand, the diversity of coping assessment instruments reflects the heterogeneity of the field. Conclusions: More research is needed to understand the coping strategies of FDS patients and to offer more personalized and effective treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Sexual behavior attitudes is a mix of constructs still addressed with inconsistent classifications by actual research, showing diverse theoretical structures. For that reason, we aimed to review the literature in the search for common patterns to bring in an exhaustive disambiguated proposal. Methods. We carried out a systematic review of sexual attitudes questionnaires and reviews. After that, following thematic analysis principles, we reviewed and categorized codes. Results. Of the 1126 screened publications, 89 scales and 62 reviews were assessed for eligibility. Of these, 28 were eventually included (15 questionnaires and 13 reviews). We classified 144 pieces of valid information into 17 groups based on content. Discussion. We conclude our work as a classification of broadly referenced self-oriented cognitive schemata of sexual behavior (SO-CSSB) as a first stage in the process of developing common classifications to overcome the inconsistency in the evaluation of sexual attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Early intervention during childhood in patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been strongly advocated. As adolescence is reached, new, more complex social demands emerge. These demands require a therapeutic approach that has not been widely studied. The aim of this review is to examine and synthesize the existing literature on social cognition interventions in adolescence and lay the groundwork for future interventions. Methods. Searches were conducted in the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases up until April 20, 2023. Quantitative or qualitative research aimed at examining the influence of social cognition-focused interventions in the treatment of ASD in adolescence, in either English or Spanish language, was included. Quantitative and qualitative studies were evaluated using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Critical Appraisals Skills Programme checklist, respectively. Results. Nineteen original studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. The selected studies included a total of 916 patients. The average duration of the interventions was 13.28 weeks. They were categorized into group-based social skills interventions, experience-based interventions, and computer-mediated interventions. Conclusions. The scarcity of social cognition interventions specifically designed for adolescents with ASD is striking. The neuroplasticity window between puberty and the transition to adulthood provides an opportunity for structural and dynamic functional reorganization. Therefore, adolescence is a unique developmental stage that is amenable to specific interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to carry out a systematic review of selected literature on empirical studies into the use of argumentation in the field of Mathematics Education in higher education. To do so, we searched for articles on the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) database, more specifically in Mathematics Education journals published between 2012 and 2021. This period is justified for encompassing a decade of research published until the year immediately before the beginning of this study. After selecting and reading the articles, the following categories of analysis were identified: argumentation as a tool to analyze students' arguments, argumentation as a tool to analyze professors' arguments and argumentation as a teaching approach. The analysis was based on literature studies, mostly from the theoretical perspective of Toulmin's and Perelman's argumentation theories. The results showed three ways of using argumentation in relation to the teaching approach, investigations into the teaching of proof, assessment of the relationship between argumentation and proof and investigation into students' and professors' argumentation quality. However, we highlight that more investigations need to be carried out to assess the potential of courses focused on argumentation for higher education mathematics subjects, especially research into Perelman's approach, about which studies have been reasonably scarce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Severe mental disorder (SMD) is a growing health problem due to the increase in morbidity and mortality associated with it. The treatment of people with SMD includes the use of new technologies helping in the process of personal recovery. Objectives: To review and summarize the different types of interventions applied with SMD, and to determine their efficacy and quality. Method: A systematic review was carried out in the databases: Science Direct, Scopus, PsycLit, OT Seeker, Proquest, Dialnet and Scholar Google, and the quality of the studies found was assessed using the Downs and Black Checklist. Twenty-eight studies were included in the final review. Results: Most of them have been conducted on people with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, with moderate effect size. These studies have used computer-assisted therapy, mobile devices, video games, and virtual reality. Cognitive remediation therapy is the one that makes most use of technologies, with a significant improvement in cognitive behaviours. Conclusion: New technologies have potential to improve programmes for people with SMD. However, more, and better research with methodological quality is needed in order to accurately assess their implementation and efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]