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3. Multicentre Italian study of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents, preliminary data as at 10 April 2020

Author

Garazzino, S., Montagnani, C., Dona, D., Meini, A., Felici, E., Vergine, G., Bernardi, S., Giacchero, R., Vecchio, A. L., Marchisio, P., Nicolini, G., Pierantoni, L., Rabbone, I., Banderali, G., Denina, M., Venturini, E., Krzysztofiak, A., Badolato, R., Bianchini, S., Galli, L., Villani, A., Castelli-Gattinara, G., Salvini, F., Abbagnato, L., Castagnola, E., Dodi, I., Ghitti, C., Lippi, P., Agostiniani, R., Cherubini, S., Valentini, P., Gianino, P., Vaccaro, A., Manzoni, P., Verna, P., Comberiati, P., Di Filippo, P., Gallia, P., Battezzati, G., Fiore, L., Dalmazzo, C., Tappi, E., Lazzerini, M., Tovo, P. -A., Scolfaro, C., Pruccoli, G., Ramenghi, U., Giaquinto, C., da Dalt, L., Tornese, G., Berlese, P., Plebani, A., Manno, E. C., Santilli, V., Lancella, L., Cursi, L., Campana, A., Bozzola, E., Bosis, S., Lanari, M., Pecoraro, C., Del Barba, P., Nicastro, E., Esposito, S., Zuccotti, G. V., Corsello, G., Cardinale, F., Tocco, A. M., Ballardini, G., Agostoni, C., Chiappini, E., Indolfi, G., Anna, B., Cazzato, S., Zavarise, G., Pignata, C., Marchetti, F., Garazzino S., Montagnani C., Dona D., Meini A., Felici E., Vergine G., Bernardi S., Giacchero R., Vecchio A.L., Marchisio P., Nicolini G., Pierantoni L., Rabbone I., Banderali G., Denina M., Venturini E., Krzysztofiak A., Badolato R., Bianchini S., Galli L., Villani A., Castelli-Gattinara G., Salvini F., Abbagnato L., Castagnola E., Dodi I., Ghitti C., Lippi P., Agostiniani R., Cherubini S., Valentini P., Gianino P., Vaccaro A., Manzoni P., Verna P., Comberiati P., Di Filippo P., Gallia P., Battezzati G., Fiore L., Dalmazzo C., Tappi E., Lazzerini M., Tovo P.-A., Scolfaro C., Pruccoli G., Ramenghi U., Giaquinto C., da Dalt L., Tornese G., Berlese P., Plebani A., Manno E.C., Santilli V., Lancella L., Cursi L., Campana A., Bozzola E., Bosis S., Lanari M., Pecoraro C., Del Barba P., Nicastro E., Esposito S., Zuccotti G.V., Corsello G., Cardinale F., Tocco A.M., Ballardini G., Agostoni C., Chiappini E., Indolfi G., Anna B., Cazzato S., Zavarise G., Pignata C., Marchetti F., Garazzino, S., Montagnani, C., Dona, D., Meini, A., Felici, E., Vergine, G., Bernardi, S., Giacchero, R., Vecchio, A. L., Marchisio, P., Nicolini, G., Pierantoni, L., Rabbone, I., Banderali, G., Denina, M., Venturini, E., Krzysztofiak, A., Badolato, R., Bianchini, S., Galli, L., Villani, A., Castelli-Gattinara, G, Tornese, G, Filippo Salvini, Laura Abbagnato, Elio Castagnola, Icilio Dodi, Cesare Ghitti, Paola Lippi, Rino Agostiniani, Simonetta Cherubini, Piero Valentini, Paola Gianino, Angelina Vaccaro, Paolo Manzoni, Paola Verna, Pasquale Comberiati, Paola Di Filippo, Paola Gallia, Gianna Battezzati, Ludovica Fiore, Cristina Dalmazzo, Eleonora Tappi, Marta Lazzerini, PierAngelo Tovo, Carlo Scolfaro, Giulia Pruccoli, Ugo Ramenghi, Carlo Giaquinto, Liviana Da Dalt, Gianluca Tornese, Paola Berlese, Alessandro Plebani, Emma Concetta Manno, Veronica Santilli, Laura Lancella, Laura Cursi, Andrea Campana, Elena Bozzola, Samantha Bosis, Marcello Lanari, Carmine Pecoraro, Paolo Del Barba, Emanuele Nicastro, Silvia Garazzino, Carlotta Montagnani, Daniele Donà, Antonella Meini, Enrico Felici, Gianluca Vergine, Stefania Bernardi, Roberta Giacchero, Andrea Lo Vecchio, Paola Marchisio, Giangiacomo Nicolini, Luca Pierantoni, Ivana Rabbone, Giuseppe Banderali, Marco Denina, Elisabetta Venturini, Andrzej Krzysztofiak , Raffaele Badolato, Sonia Bianchini, Luisa Galli, Alberto Villani , Guido Castelli-Gattinara, Susanna Esposito, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Giovanni Corsello, Fabio Cardinale, Anna Maria Tocco, Giuseppina Ballardini, Carlo Agostoni, Elena Chiappini, Giuseppe Indolfi, Bussolini Anna, Salvatore Cazzato, Giorgio Zavarise, Claudio Pignata, Federico Marchetti, Lo Vecchio, A., and Castelli-Gattinara, G.

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, Epidemiology, Protease Inhibitor, Comorbidity, medicine.disease_cause, Clinical Laboratory Technique, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Disease Outbreaks, Feces, 0302 clinical medicine, Settore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale E Specialistica, COVID-19 Testing, Retrospective Studie, Pandemic, 030212 general & internal medicine, Viral, Child, Coronavirus, Pediatric, Disease Outbreak, Coinfection, Hospitals, Pediatric, Settore MED/38, Hospitals, Diarrhea, Treatment Outcome, SARS-CoV-2 infection, children, covid-19, hydroxychloroquine, pneumonia, Adolescent, Antiviral Agents, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Child, Preschool, Chronic Disease, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Coronavirus Infections, Female, Fever, Humans, Immunocompromised Host, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Italy, Noninvasive Ventilation, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral, Protease Inhibitors, Retrospective Studies, SARS-CoV-2, medicine.symptom, Rapid Communication, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronaviru, 03 medical and health sciences, 030225 pediatrics, Virology, Intensive care, medicine, Preschool, Antiviral Agent, Betacoronaviru, business.industry, Coronavirus Infection, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Newborn, Pneumonia, Fece, business
Abstract

Data on features of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in children and adolescents are scarce. We report preliminary results of an Italian multicentre study comprising 168 laboratory-confirmed paediatric cases (median: 2.3 years, range: 1 day–17.7 years, 55.9% males), of which 67.9% were hospitalised and 19.6% had comorbidities. Fever was the most common symptom, gastrointestinal manifestations were frequent; two children required intensive care, five had seizures, 49 received experimental treatments and all recovered.

Published
2020

4. Missed opportunities to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Italy

Author

Di Biagio, A., Taramasso, L., Gustinetti, G., Burastero, G., Giacomet, V., La Rovere, D., Genovese, O., Giaquinto, C., Rampon, O., Carloni, I., Hyppolite, Tk., Palandri, L., Bernardi, S., Bruzzese, E., Badolato, R., Gabiano, C., Chiappini, E, De Martino, M, Galli, L., Osimani, P., Larovere, D., Ruggeri, M., Pession, A., Faldella, G., Capra, F., Pulcini, S., Zattoni, V., Dotta, L., Aliffi, A., Anastasio, E., Fiumana, E., Chiappini, E., Gervaso, P., Montagnani, C., De Martino, M., Viscoli, C., Erba, P., Zuccotti, G., Benincaso, A., Salvini, F., Lipreri, R., Esposito, S., Plebani, A., Tagliabue, C., Giubbarelli, F., Nicastro, E., Lo Vecchio, A., Buffolano, W., Agnese, M., Romano, A., Marcello, S., Pennazzato, M., Consolini, R., Dodi, I., Zanaboni, D., Palma, P., Pontrelli, G., Tchidjou, H., Mazza, A., Tovo, Pa., Silvestro, E., Virano, S., Portelli, V., Pellegatta, A., Di Biagio, A., Taramasso, L., Gustinetti, G., Burastero, G., Giacomet, V., La Rovere, D., Genovese, O., Giaquinto, C., Rampon, O., Carloni, I., Hyppolite, T. K., Palandri, L., Bernardi, S., Bruzzese, E., Badolato, R., Gabiano, C., Chiappini, E., De Martino, M., Galli, L., Osimani, P., Larovere, D., Ruggeri, M., Pession, A., Faldella, G., Capra, F., Pulcini, S., Zattoni, V., Dotta, L., Aliffi, A., Anastasio, E., Fiumana, E., Gervaso, P., Montagnani, C., Viscoli, C., Erba, P., Zuccotti, G., Benincaso, A., Salvini, F., Lipreri, R., Esposito, S., Plebani, A., Tagliabue, C., Giubbarelli, F., Nicastro, E., Lo Vecchio, A., Buffolano, W., Agnese, M., Romano, A., Marcello, S., Pennazzato, M., Consolini, R., Dodi, I., Zanaboni, D., Palma, P., Pontrelli, G., Tchidjou, H., Mazza, A., Tovo, P. A., Silvestro, E., Virano, S., Portelli, V., and Pellegatta, A.

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, newborns, medicine.medical_treatment, children, HIV, missed opportunities, mothers, pregnancy, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Health Services Accessibility, Health Policy, Infectious Diseases, Pharmacology (medical), 0302 clinical medicine, newborn, Childbirth, Registries, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Transmission (medicine), mother, virus diseases, Settore MED/38, children, HIV, missed opportunities, mothers, newborns, pregnancy, Italy, Female, medicine.medical_specialty, Mother to child transmission, Anti-HIV Agents, Prenatal care, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, Caesarean section, Peripartum Period, Pregnancy, Cesarean Section, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, medicine.disease, 030112 virology, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, missed opportunitie, business
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Vertical transmission of HIV can be effectively controlled through antenatal screening, antiretroviral treatment and the services provided during and after childbirth for mother and newborn. In Italy, the National Health Service guarantees universal access to prenatal care for all women, including women with HIV infection. Despite this, children are diagnosed with HIV infection every year. The aim of the study was to identify missed opportunities for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. METHODS: The Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children, which was started in 1985 and involves 106 hospitals throughout the country, collects data on all new cases of HIV infection in children. For this analysis, we reviewed the database for the period 2005 to 2015. RESULTS: We found 79 HIV-1-infected children newly diagnosed after birth in Italy. Thirty-two of the mothers were Italian. During the pregnancy, only 15 of 19 women with a known HIV diagnosis were treated with antiretroviral treatment, while, of 34 women who had received an HIV diagnosis before labour began, only 23 delivered by caesarean section and 17 received intrapartum prophylaxis. In 25 mothers, HIV infection was diagnosed during pregnancy or in the peripartum period. Thirty-one newborns received antiretroviral prophylaxis and 39 received infant formula. CONCLUSIONS: We found an unacceptable number of missed opportunities to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MCTC). Eliminating HIV MTCT is a universal World Health Organization goal. Elucidating organization failures in Italy over the past decade should help to improve early diagnosis and to reach the zero transmission target in newborns.

Published
2019

5. Maralixibat-treated patients with Alagille syndrome (ALGS) demonstrate improved event-free survival in a natural history comparison with patients from the GALA database: application of real-world evidence analytics.

Author

Hansen, B. E., Vandriel, S. M., Vig, P., Garner, W., Li, L.-T., She, H., Wang, J.-S., Gilbert, M. A., Jankowska, I., Czubkowski, P., Gliwicz-Miedzińska, D., Gonzales, E. M., Jacquemin, E., Bouligand, J., Spinner, N. B., Loomes, K. M., Piccoli, D. A., D'Antiga, L., Nicastro, E., and Sokal, É.

Published
2022
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7. Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak on pediatric liver transplant recipients residing in Lombardy, Northern Italy

Author

Nicastro, E, Di Giorgio, A, Zambelli, M, Ginammi, M, Bravi, M, Stroppa, P, Casotti, V, Palladino, R, Colledan, M, and D'Antiga, L

Subjects
Coronavirus, Transplantation, Science & Technology, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, children, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Surgery, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Immunosuppression, Liver Transplantation
Abstract

The novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) represents an unprecedented public health issue for the general population and for patients with underlying chronic conditions. Compared to adults, children seem to have a milder course of the disease, with very few requiring medical attention.

Published
2020

10. The natural course of FIC1 deficiency and BSEP deficiency: Initial results from the NAPPED-consortium (Natural course and Prognosis of PFIC and Effect of biliary Diversion)

Author

van Wessel, D., primary, Thompson, R., additional, Grammatikopoulos, T., additional, Kadaristiana, A., additional, Jankowska, I., additional, Lipiński, P., additional, Czubkowski, P., additional, Gonzales, E., additional, Jacquemin, E., additional, Spraul, A., additional, Sokal, E., additional, Shagrani, M.A., additional, Broering, D.C., additional, Algoufi, T., additional, Mazhar, N., additional, Nicastro, E., additional, Kelly, D., additional, Nebbia, G., additional, Arnell, H., additional, Fischler, B., additional, Sankaranarayanan, S., additional, Hulscher, J., additional, Serranti, D., additional, Arikan, C., additional, Polat, E., additional, Debray, D., additional, Lacaille, F., additional, Goncalves, C., additional, Hierro, L., additional, Bartolo, G.M., additional, Mozer-Glassberg, Y., additional, Azaz, A., additional, Brecelj, J., additional, Dezsőfi, A., additional, Calvo, P.L., additional, Pizzol, A., additional, Schmitt, D., additional, Sturm, E., additional, van der Woerd, W., additional, Hansen, B., additional, and Verkade, H., additional

Published
2018
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11. Non-AIDS defining cancers in the D:A:D Study--time trends and predictors of survival: a cohort study

Author

Worm, S, Bower, M, Reiss, P, Bonnet, F, Law, M, Fätkenheuer, G, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Abrams, D, Grulich, A, Fontas, E, Kirk, O, Furrer, H, Wit, S, Phillips, A, Lundgren, J, Sabin, C, Butcher, D, Delforge, M, Fanti, I, Franquet, X, Geffard, S, Gras, L, Helweg Larsen, J, Hillebregt, M, Kamara, D, Kjær, J, Krum, E, McManus, H, Meidahl, P, Mocroft, A, Nielsen, J, Powderl, W, Rickenbach, M, Rode, R, Ryom, L, Salbøl Brandt, R, Schmidt Iversen, J, Shortman, N, Sjøl, A, Smith, C, Torres, F, Tverland, J, Wright, S, Zaheri, S, de Wolf, F, Smidt, J, Ristola, M, Katlama, C, Viard, J, Girard, P, Livrozet, J, Vanhems, P, Pradier, C, Dabis, F, Neau, D, Rockstroh, J, Schmidt, R, Degen, O, van Lunzen, J, Stellbrink, H, Staszewski, S, Bogner, J, Gargalianos, P, Kosmidis, J, Perdios, J, Xylomenos, G, Filandras, A, Karabatsaki, E, Panos, G, Sambatakou, H, Banhegyi, D, Mulcahy, F, Burke, M, Turner, D, Yust, I, Hassoun, G, Pollack, S, Maayan, S, Vella, S, Esposito, R, Mazeu, I, Mussini, C, Arici, C, Pristera, R, Gabbuti, A, Mazzotta, F, Lichtner, M, Vullo, V, Boer, K, Geerlings, S, Godfried, M, Kuijpers, T, Lange, J, Nellen, F, Pajkrt, D, Prins, J, Scherpbier, H, Vrouenraets, S, Wit, F, van Vugt, M, van der Meer, J, van der Poll, T, van der Valk, M, Chirianni, A, Gargiulo, M, Montesarchio, E, Antonucci, G, Narciso, P, Testa, A, Vlassi, C, Zaccarelli, M, Castagna, A, Gianotti, N, Lazzarin, A, Galli, M, Ridolfo, A, Rozentale, B, Zeltina, I, Chaplinskas, S, Hemmer, R, Staub, T, Bruun, J, Maeland, A, Ormaasen, V, Lowe, S, Oude Lashof, A, Schreij, G, Gasiorowski, J, Knysz, B, Bakowska, E, Horban, A, Flisiak, R, Grzeszczuk, A, Boron Kaczmarska, A, Parczewski, M, Pynka, M, Beniowski, M, Mularska, E, Trocha, H, Jablonowska, E, Malolepsza, E, Wojcik, K, Antunes, F, Caldeira, L, Doroana, M, Mansinho, K, Maltez, F, Bravenboer, B, Pronk, M, Duiculescu, D, Rakhmanova, A, Zakharova, N, Buzunova, S, Jevtovic, D, Mokráš, M, Staneková, D, Tomazic, J, González Lahoz, J, Labarga, P, Medrano, J, Soriano, V, Moreno, S, Rodriguez, J, Bravo, I, Clotet, B, Jou, A, Paredes, R, Puig, J, Tural, C, Gelinck, L, Nouwen, J, Rijnders, B, Schurink, C, Slobbe, L, Verbon, A, de Vries Sluijs, T, van der Ende, M, van der Feltz, M, Gatell, J, Miró, J, Domingo, P, Gutierrez, M, Mateo, G, Sambeat, M, Karlsson, A, Flamholc, L, Ledergerber, B, Weber, R, Cavassini, M, Francioli, P, Boffi, E, Hirschel, B, Battegay, M, Elzi, L, Chentsova, N, Kravchenko, E, Driessen, G, Hartwig, N, Frolov, V, Kutsyna, G, Servitskiy, S, Krasnov, M, Barton, S, Johnson, A, Mercey, D, Johnson, M, Murphy, M, Scullard, G, Weber, J, Fisher, M, Leen, C, Branger, J, Åkerlund, B, Morfeldt, L, S.u.n.d.s.t.r.ö.m. , A, Thulin, G, Koppel, K, Ho̊kangård, C, Angarano, G, Antinori, A, Armignacco, O, Castelli, F, Cauda, R, Di Perri, G, Iardino, R, Ippolito, G, Moroni, M, Perno, C, Viale, P, Von Schlosser, F, Ammassari, A, Andreoni, M, Balotta, C, Bonfanti, P, Bonora, S, Borderi, M, Capobianchi, M, Ceccherini Silberstein, F, Cinque, P, Cozzi Lepri, A, De Luca, A, Gervasoni, C, Girardi, E, Guaraldi, G, Lo Caputo, S, Madeddu, G, Maggiolo, F, Marchetti, G, Marcotullio, S, Monno, L, Murri, R, Puoti, M, Torti, C, Cicconi, P, Formenti, T, Galli, L, Lorenzini, P, Costantini, A, Giacometti, A, Riva, A, Carrisa, C, Lazzari, G, Verucchi, G, Kauffmann, R, Schippers, E, Minardi, C, Abeli, C, Quirino, T, Manconi, P, Piano, P, Falasca, K, Vecchiet, J, Segala, D, Sighinolfi, L, Alessandrini, A, Cassola, G, Mazzarello, G, Piscopo, R, Viscoli, G, Belvisi, V, Mastroianni, C, Caramma, I, Castelli, P, Chiodera, A, Alleman, M, Bouwhuis, J, Groeneveld, P, Bigoloni, A, Carenzi, L, Galli, A, Moioli, M, Piolini, R, Rizzardini, G, Rossotti, R, Salpietro, S, Spagnuolo, V, Zucchi, P, Bisio, L, Gori, A, Lapadula, G, Abrescia, N, Guida, M, Baldelli, F, Belfiori, B, Parruti, G, Ursini, T, Magnani, G, Ursitti, M, Acinapura, R, Capozzi, M, Gallo, L, Libertone, R, Nicastro, E, Tebano, G, Tozzi, V, d'Avino, A, Mura, M, Caramello, P, Orofino, G, Sciandra, M, Soetekouw, R, ten Kate, R, Manfrin, V, Pellizzer, G, Bernard, E, Caissotti, C, Cua, E, De Salvador Guillouet, F, Dellamonica, P, Dollet, K, Durant, J, Ferrando, S, Mondain Miton, V, Naqvi, A, Perbost, I, Pillet, S, Prouvost Keller, B, Pugliese, P, Rahelinirina, V, Roger, P, Barth, J, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Bucher, H, Burton Jeangros, C, Calmy, A, Cellerai, C, Dubs, R, Egger, M, Fehr, J, Flepp, M, Fux, C, Gorgievski, M, Günthard, H, Hasse, B, Hirsch, H, Hösli, I, Kahlert, C, Kaiser, L, Keiser, O, Kind, C, Klimkait, T, Kovari, H, Martinetti, G, Martinez de Tejada, B, Müller, N, Nadal, D, Pantaleo, G, Rauch, A, Regenass, S, Rudin, C, Schmid, P, Schöni Affolter, F, Schüpbach, J, Schultze, D, Speck, R, Taffé, P, Telenti, A, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Yerly, S, von Wyl, V, Arend, S, Jolink, H, Kroon, F, de Boer, M, van Dissel, J, van Nieuwkoop, C, van den Broek, P, Pogany, K, den Hollander, J, Kortmann, W, van Twillert, G, Leyten, E, Vriesendorp, R, Kootstra, G, ten Napel, C, Blok, W, Brinkman, K, Frissen, P, Schouten, W, van den Berk, G, Brouwer, A, Juttmann, J, van Kasteren, M, Lettinga, K, Veenstra, J, Mulder, J, Smit, P, Weijer, S, van Gorp, E, Verhagen, D, van Eeden, A, Doedens, R, Scholvinck, E, Sprenger, H, Stek, C, van Assen, S, Dofferhoff, A, Keuter, M, Koopmans, P, de Groot, R, ter Hofstede, H, van der Flier, M, van der Ven, A, Arends, J, Ellerbroek, P, Hoepelman, A, Jaspers, C, Maarschalk Ellerbroek, L, Mudrikova, T, Oosterheert, J, Peters, E, Schneider, M, Wassenberg, M, van der Hilst, J, Bierman, W, Claessen, F, Danner, S, Perenboom, R, bij de Vaate, E, de Jong, E, de Vocht, J, van Agtmael, M, Geelen, S, Wolfs, T, Gisolf, E, Richter, J, van der Berg, C, Stegeman, A, van den Berge, M, Polée, M, van Houte, D, van Vonderen, M, Duits, A, Winkel, C, Chêne, G, Dupon, M, Fleury, H, Lacoste, D, Malvy, D, Mercié, P, Morlat, P, Pellegrin, I, Pellegrin, J, Thiébaut, R, Titier, K, Bruyand, M, Lawson Ayayi, S, Wittkop, L, Bernard, N, Bonnal, F, Caunègre, L, Cazanave, C, Ceccaldi, J, Chambon, D, Chossat, I, Courtaud, K, Dauchy, F, De Witte, S, Duffau, P, Dupont, A, Dutronc, H, Farbos, S, Gaboriau, V, Gemain, M, Gerard, Y, Greib, C, Hessamfar, M, Lafarie Castet, S, Lataste, P, Lazaro, E, Longy Boursier, M, Meraud, J, Monlun, E, Ochoa, A, Pistone, T, Ragnaud, J, Receveur, M, Roger Schmeltz, J, Tchamgoué, S, Thibaut, P, Vandenhende, M, Viallard, J, Moreau, J, P.e.l.l.e.g.r.i.n. , I, Lafon, M, Masquelier, B, Trimoulet, P, Breilh, D, Haramburu, F, Miremont Salamé, G, Blaizeau, M, D'Ivernois, C, Decoin, M, Delaune, J, Delveaux, S, Hanappier, C, Leleux, O, Sicard, X, Uwamaliya Nziyumvira, B, Leray, J, Palmer, G, Touchard, D, Baker, D, Bendall, C, Bloch, M, Carr, A, Cooper, D, Franic, T, Petoumenos, K, Vale, R, Edwards, S, Hoy, J, Moore, R, Nicholson, J, Roth, N, Watson, K, Chuah, J, Ngieng, M, Nolan, D, Skett, J, Cadafalch, J, Calvo, G, Codina, C, Del Cacho, E, Fuster, M, Mateu, S, Sirera, G, Vaqué, A, Clumeck, N, De Wit, S, Gennotte, A, Gerard, M, Kabeya, K, Konopnicki, D, Libois, A, Martin, C, Necsoi, C, Payen, M, Semaille, P, Van Laethem, Y, Bartsch, G, El Sadr, W, Neaton, J, Thompson, G, Wentworth, D, Luskin Hawk, R, Telzak, E, Cohn, D, Markowitz, N, Arduino, R, Mushatt, D, Friedland, G, Perez, G, Tedaldi, E, Fisher, E, Gordin, F, Crane, L, Sampson, J, Baxter, J, Fischer, A, Grint, D, Kjaer, J, Kowalska, J, Peters, L, Podlekareva, D, Reekie, J, Elias, C, Losso, M, Vetter, N, Zangerle, R, Karpov, I, Vassilenko, A, Mitsura, V, Suetnov, O, Colebunders, R, Vandekerckhove, L, Hadziosmanovic, V, Kostov, K, Begovac, J, Jilich, D, Machala, L, Sedlacek, D, Benfield, T, Kronborg, G, Larsen, M, Gerstoft, J, Hansen, A, Katzenstein, T, Skinhøj, P, Pedersen, C, Ostergaard, L, Zilmer, K, Gori, A., GORI, ANDREA, Groupement de Recherche et d'Etudes en Gestion à HEC (GREGH), Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Pediatrics, Fairview-University Medical Center, Structures et propriétés d'architectures moléculaire (SPRAM - UMR 5819), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Observatoire des Micro et Nano Technologies (OMNT - UMS 2920), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie (UP1 UFR02), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Laboratory, Royal GD [Deventer], Economics, Umeå University, Research Department of Infection and Population Health [London], University College of London [London] (UCL), Clinicum, Department of Medicine, Infektiosairauksien yksikkö, Worm, S, Bower, M, Reiss, P, Bonnet, F, Law, M, Fätkenheuer, G, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Abrams, D, Grulich, A, Fontas, E, Kirk, O, Furrer, H, Wit, S, Phillips, A, Lundgren, J, Sabin, C, Butcher, D, Delforge, M, Fanti, I, Franquet, X, Geffard, S, Gras, L, Helweg Larsen, J, Hillebregt, M, Kamara, D, Kjær, J, Krum, E, Mcmanus, H, Meidahl, P, Mocroft, A, Nielsen, J, Powderl, W, Rickenbach, M, Rode, R, Ryom, L, Salbøl Brandt, R, Schmidt Iversen, J, Shortman, N, Sjøl, A, Smith, C, Torres, F, Tverland, J, Wright, S, Zaheri, S, de Wolf, F, Smidt, J, Ristola, M, Katlama, C, Viard, J, Girard, P, Livrozet, J, Vanhems, P, Pradier, C, Dabis, F, Neau, D, Rockstroh, J, Schmidt, R, Degen, O, van Lunzen, J, Stellbrink, H, Staszewski, S, Bogner, J, Gargalianos, P, Kosmidis, J, Perdios, J, Xylomenos, G, Filandras, A, Karabatsaki, E, Panos, G, Sambatakou, H, Banhegyi, D, Mulcahy, F, Burke, M, Turner, D, Yust, I, Hassoun, G, Pollack, S, Maayan, S, Vella, S, Esposito, R, Mazeu, I, Mussini, C, Arici, C, Pristera, R, Gabbuti, A, Mazzotta, F, Lichtner, M, Vullo, V, Boer, K, Geerlings, S, Godfried, M, Kuijpers, T, Lange, J, Nellen, F, Pajkrt, D, Prins, J, Scherpbier, H, Vrouenraets, S, Wit, F, van Vugt, M, van der Meer, J, van der Poll, T, van der Valk, M, Chirianni, A, Gargiulo, M, Montesarchio, E, Antonucci, G, Narciso, P, Testa, A, Vlassi, C, Zaccarelli, M, Castagna, A, Gianotti, N, Lazzarin, A, Galli, M, Ridolfo, A, Rozentale, B, Zeltina, I, Chaplinskas, S, Hemmer, R, Staub, T, Bruun, J, Maeland, A, Ormaasen, V, Lowe, S, Oude Lashof, A, Schreij, G, Gasiorowski, J, Knysz, B, Bakowska, E, Horban, A, Flisiak, R, Grzeszczuk, A, Boron Kaczmarska, A, Parczewski, M, Pynka, M, Beniowski, M, Mularska, E, Trocha, H, Jablonowska, E, Malolepsza, E, Wojcik, K, Antunes, F, Caldeira, L, Doroana, M, Mansinho, K, Maltez, F, Bravenboer, B, Pronk, M, Duiculescu, D, Rakhmanova, A, Zakharova, N, Buzunova, S, Jevtovic, D, Mokráš, M, Staneková, D, Tomazic, J, González Lahoz, J, Labarga, P, Medrano, J, Soriano, V, Moreno, S, Rodriguez, J, Bravo, I, Clotet, B, Jou, A, Paredes, R, Puig, J, Tural, C, Gelinck, L, Nouwen, J, Rijnders, B, Schurink, C, Slobbe, L, Verbon, A, de Vries Sluijs, T, van der Ende, M, van der Feltz, M, Gatell, J, Miró, J, Domingo, P, Gutierrez, M, Mateo, G, Sambeat, M, Karlsson, A, Flamholc, L, Ledergerber, B, Weber, R, Cavassini, M, Francioli, P, Boffi, E, Hirschel, B, Battegay, M, Elzi, L, Chentsova, N, Kravchenko, E, Driessen, G, Hartwig, N, Frolov, V, Kutsyna, G, Servitskiy, S, Krasnov, M, Barton, S, Johnson, A, Mercey, D, Johnson, M, Murphy, M, Scullard, G, Weber, J, Fisher, M, Leen, C, Branger, J, Åkerlund, B, Morfeldt, L, S. u. n. d. s. t. r. ö. m., A, Thulin, G, Koppel, K, Ho̊kangård, C, Angarano, G, Antinori, A, Armignacco, O, Castelli, F, Cauda, R, Di Perri, G, Iardino, R, Ippolito, G, Moroni, M, Perno, C, Viale, P, Von Schlosser, F, Ammassari, A, Andreoni, M, Balotta, C, Bonfanti, P, Bonora, S, Borderi, M, Capobianchi, M, Ceccherini Silberstein, F, Cinque, P, Cozzi Lepri, A, De Luca, A, Gervasoni, C, Girardi, E, Gori, A, Guaraldi, G, Lo Caputo, S, Madeddu, G, Maggiolo, F, Marchetti, G, Marcotullio, S, Monno, L, Murri, R, Puoti, M, Torti, C, Cicconi, P, Formenti, T, Galli, L, Lorenzini, P, Costantini, A, Giacometti, A, Riva, A, Carrisa, C, Lazzari, G, Verucchi, G, Kauffmann, R, Schippers, E, Minardi, C, Abeli, C, Quirino, T, Manconi, P, Piano, P, Falasca, K, Vecchiet, J, Segala, D, Sighinolfi, L, Alessandrini, A, Cassola, G, Mazzarello, G, Piscopo, R, Viscoli, G, Belvisi, V, Mastroianni, C, Caramma, I, Castelli, P, Chiodera, A, Alleman, M, Bouwhuis, J, Groeneveld, P, Bigoloni, A, Carenzi, L, Galli, A, Moioli, M, Piolini, R, Rizzardini, G, Rossotti, R, Salpietro, S, Spagnuolo, V, Zucchi, P, Bisio, L, Lapadula, G, Abrescia, N, Guida, M, Baldelli, F, Belfiori, B, Parruti, G, Ursini, T, Magnani, G, Ursitti, M, Acinapura, R, Capozzi, M, Gallo, L, Libertone, R, Nicastro, E, Tebano, G, Tozzi, V, D'Avino, A, Mura, M, Caramello, P, Orofino, G, Sciandra, M, Soetekouw, R, ten Kate, R, Manfrin, V, Pellizzer, G, Bernard, E, Caissotti, C, Cua, E, De Salvador Guillouet, F, Dellamonica, P, Dollet, K, Durant, J, Ferrando, S, Mondain Miton, V, Naqvi, A, Perbost, I, Pillet, S, Prouvost Keller, B, Pugliese, P, Rahelinirina, V, Roger, P, Barth, J, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Bucher, H, Burton Jeangros, C, Calmy, A, Cellerai, C, Dubs, R, Egger, M, Fehr, J, Flepp, M, Fux, C, Gorgievski, M, Günthard, H, Hasse, B, Hirsch, H, Hösli, I, Kahlert, C, Kaiser, L, Keiser, O, Kind, C, Klimkait, T, Kovari, H, Martinetti, G, Martinez de Tejada, B, Müller, N, Nadal, D, Pantaleo, G, Rauch, A, Regenass, S, Rudin, C, Schmid, P, Schöni Affolter, F, Schüpbach, J, Schultze, D, Speck, R, Taffé, P, Telenti, A, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Yerly, S, von Wyl, V, Arend, S, Jolink, H, Kroon, F, de Boer, M, van Dissel, J, van Nieuwkoop, C, van den Broek, P, Pogany, K, den Hollander, J, Kortmann, W, van Twillert, G, Leyten, E, Vriesendorp, R, Kootstra, G, ten Napel, C, Blok, W, Brinkman, K, Frissen, P, Schouten, W, van den Berk, G, Brouwer, A, Juttmann, J, van Kasteren, M, Lettinga, K, Veenstra, J, Mulder, J, Smit, P, Weijer, S, van Gorp, E, Verhagen, D, van Eeden, A, Doedens, R, Scholvinck, E, Sprenger, H, Stek, C, van Assen, S, Dofferhoff, A, Keuter, M, Koopmans, P, de Groot, R, ter Hofstede, H, van der Flier, M, van der Ven, A, Arends, J, Ellerbroek, P, Hoepelman, A, Jaspers, C, Maarschalk Ellerbroek, L, Mudrikova, T, Oosterheert, J, Peters, E, Schneider, M, Wassenberg, M, van der Hilst, J, Bierman, W, Claessen, F, Danner, S, Perenboom, R, bij de Vaate, E, de Jong, E, de Vocht, J, van Agtmael, M, Geelen, S, Wolfs, T, Gisolf, E, Richter, J, van der Berg, C, Stegeman, A, van den Berge, M, Polée, M, van Houte, D, van Vonderen, M, Duits, A, Winkel, C, Chêne, G, Dupon, M, Fleury, H, Lacoste, D, Malvy, D, Mercié, P, Morlat, P, Pellegrin, I, Pellegrin, J, Thiébaut, R, Titier, K, Bruyand, M, Lawson Ayayi, S, Wittkop, L, Bernard, N, Bonnal, F, Caunègre, L, Cazanave, C, Ceccaldi, J, Chambon, D, Chossat, I, Courtaud, K, Dauchy, F, De Witte, S, Duffau, P, Dupont, A, Dutronc, H, Farbos, S, Gaboriau, V, Gemain, M, Gerard, Y, Greib, C, Hessamfar, M, Lafarie Castet, S, Lataste, P, Lazaro, E, Longy Boursier, M, Meraud, J, Monlun, E, Ochoa, A, Pistone, T, Ragnaud, J, Receveur, M, Roger Schmeltz, J, Tchamgoué, S, Thibaut, P, Vandenhende, M, Viallard, J, Moreau, J, P. e. l. l. e. g. r. i. n., I, Lafon, M, Masquelier, B, Trimoulet, P, Breilh, D, Haramburu, F, Miremont Salamé, G, Blaizeau, M, D'Ivernois, C, Decoin, M, Delaune, J, Delveaux, S, Hanappier, C, Leleux, O, Sicard, X, Uwamaliya Nziyumvira, B, Leray, J, Palmer, G, Touchard, D, Baker, D, Bendall, C, Bloch, M, Carr, A, Cooper, D, Franic, T, Petoumenos, K, Vale, R, Edwards, S, Hoy, J, Moore, R, Nicholson, J, Roth, N, Watson, K, Chuah, J, Ngieng, M, Nolan, D, Skett, J, Cadafalch, J, Calvo, G, Codina, C, Del Cacho, E, Fuster, M, Mateu, S, Sirera, G, Vaqué, A, Clumeck, N, De Wit, S, Gennotte, A, Gerard, M, Kabeya, K, Konopnicki, D, Libois, A, Martin, C, Necsoi, C, Payen, M, Semaille, P, Van Laethem, Y, Bartsch, G, El Sadr, W, Neaton, J, Thompson, G, Wentworth, D, Luskin Hawk, R, Telzak, E, Cohn, D, Markowitz, N, Arduino, R, Mushatt, D, Friedland, G, Perez, G, Tedaldi, E, Fisher, E, Gordin, F, Crane, L, Sampson, J, Baxter, J, Fischer, A, Grint, D, Kjaer, J, Kowalska, J, Peters, L, Podlekareva, D, Reekie, J, Elias, C, Losso, M, Vetter, N, Zangerle, R, Karpov, I, Vassilenko, A, Mitsura, V, Suetnov, O, Colebunders, R, Vandekerckhove, L, Hadziosmanovic, V, Kostov, K, Begovac, J, Jilich, D, Machala, L, Sedlacek, D, Benfield, T, Kronborg, G, Larsen, M, Gerstoft, J, Hansen, A, Katzenstein, T, Skinhøj, P, Pedersen, C, Ostergaard, L, Zilmer, K, Internal medicine, Pediatric surgery, Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, CCA - Innovative therapy, IOO, Worm, Signe W., Bower, Mark, Reiss, Peter, Bonnet, Fabrice, Law, Matthew, Fã¤tkenheuer, Gerd, D'arminio Monforte, Antonella, Abrams, Donald I., Grulich, Andrew, Fontas, Eric, Kirk, Ole, Furrer, Hansjakob, Wit, Stephane D., Phillips, Andrew, Lundgren, Jens D., Sabin, Caroline A., D:A:D Study, Group, Experimental Psychology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Public Health, Global Health, Other departments, Infectious diseases, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, Other Research, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, General Internal Medicine, Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, Kaplan Meier method, proportional hazards model, SWISS HIV COHORT, HIV Infections, 0302 clinical medicine, 1108 Medical Microbiology, cancer diagnosis, Prospective Studies, Pathologie maladies infectieuses, cancer survival, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, IMMUNODEFICIENCY, Incidence, Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles, cohort analysis, Prognosis, 3. Good health, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, D:A:D Study Group, risk factor, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Cohort study, prospective study, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Prognosi, HIV, Non-AIDS defining cancers, Trends, Adult, Anti-HIV Agents, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Female, Humans, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Infectious Diseases, non AIDS defining cancer, Microbiology, cancer prognosis, 03 medical and health sciences, death, Anal cancer, Risk factor, Proportional hazards model, HIV Infections -- drug therapy -- mortality, Anti-HIV Agent, Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use, Antiretroviral Therapy, HIV Infections/drug therapy/ mortality, medicine.disease, major clinical study, mortality, Prospective Studie, age, Neoplasms -- mortality, observational study, cancer incidence, anus cancer, gender, Trend, Medicine and Health Sciences, HIV Infection, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, survival prediction, RISK, INFECTED PATIENTS, ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, Incidence (epidemiology), article, Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient, ANAL CANCER, Non-AIDS defining cancer, Anti-HIV Agents -- therapeutic use, ethnicity, 0605 Microbiology, Research Article, Hodgkin disease, UNITED-STATES, 610 Medicine & health, smoking, NO, MALIGNANCIES, Internal medicine, mental disorders, medicine, follow up, Highly Active, controlled study, Lung cancer, HODGKINS-DISEASE, disseminated cancer, business.industry, 1103 Clinical Sciences, BONE-MARROW-TRANSPLANTATION, Surgery, lung cancer, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Neoplasm, business
Abstract

Non-AIDS defining cancers (NADC) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-positive individuals. Using data from a large international cohort of HIV-positive individuals, we described the incidence of NADC from 2004-2010, and described subsequent mortality and predictors of these., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2013

12. The impact of e-learning on adherence to guidelines for acute gastroenteritis: A single-arm intervention study

Author

Nicastro, E. Lo Vecchio, A. Liguoro, I. Chmielewska, A. De Bruyn, C. Dolinsek, J. Doroshina, E. Fessatou, S. Pop, T.L. Prell, C. Tabbers, M.M. Tavares, M. Urenden-Elicin, P. Bruzzese, D. Zakharova, I. Sandhu, B. Guarino, A.

Abstract

Objective: E-learning is a candidate tool for clinical practice guidelines (CPG) implementation due to its versatility, universal access and low costs. We aimed to assess the impact of a five-module e-learning course about CPG for acute gastroenteritis (AGE) on physicians' knowledge and clinical practice. Study design: This work was conceived as a pre/post single-arm intervention study. Physicians from 11 European countries registered for the online course. Personal data, pre- and post-course questionnaires and clinical data about 3 to 5 children with AGE managed by each physician before and after the course were collected. Primary outcome measures included the proportion of participants fully adherent to CPG and number of patients managed with full adherence. Results: Among the 149 physicians who signed up for the e-learning course, 59 took the course and reported on their case management of 519 children

Published
2015

13. Colour Specification of Terracotta Calatina Specimens

Author

Gueli, AM, Privitera, A, Nicastro, E, Stella, G, Troja, SO, FONTANA, Dorotea, Gueli, AM, Fontana, D, Privitera, A, Nicastro, E, Stella, G, and Troja, SO

Subjects
Colour measurements, CIELAB1976, SRF (%), XRD
Published
2012

14. ASC-US: triage with HPV test

Author

Isidoro, E., Di Napoli, M., Romano, A., Giudici, Fabiola, Nicastro, E., Brollo, A., Bottin, Cristina, DI BONITO, Luigi, Zanconati, Fabrizio, Bonifacio, Daniela, Isidoro, E., Di Napoli, M., Romano, A., Giudici, Fabiola, Nicastro, E., Brollo, A., Bottin, Cristina, DI BONITO, Luigi, Zanconati, Fabrizio, and Bonifacio, Daniela

Subjects
cervical cancer, hpv test
Abstract

The category ASC-US continues to be controversial despite strict criteria laid down by the Bethesda 2011 Committee,as it does not have a histological counterpart and it refers to cythological findings that may or may not be associated with a significant epithelial lesion of the cervix. The proportion of CIN2+ is very low among women with an ASC-US diagnosis, so identification of those at higher risk would be clinically useful. In this study we analysed ASC-US cases of Trieste and Gorizia diagnosed in the period 2009-2011 to evaluate the presence/absence of lesions in the histological follow-up in women HR-HPV positives.

Published
2012

15. Risk of perinatal HIV infection in infants born in Italy to immigrant mothers

Author

Author:, Chiappini, Galli, E, Lisi, L, Gabiano, C, Giaquinto, C, Giacomet, C, Buffolano, V, Esposito, W, Badolato, S, Berbardi, R, Cellini, S, M, Dodi, I, Faldella, G, Osimani, P, Genovese, O, Nicastro, E, Viscoli, C, Salvini, F, Tovo, Pa, Martino, De, Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children: Maccabruni, Mazza, A, Rabusin, T, Acutis, M, Ruggeri, Ms, Anzidei, M, Casadei, G, Catania, Am, S, Consolini, Rita, Chiappini, E, Galli, L, Lisi, C, Gabiano, C, Giaquinto, C, Giacomet, V, Buffolano, Wilma, Esposito, S, Badolato, R, Berbardi, S, Cellini, M, Dodi, I, Faldella, G, Osimani, P, Genovese, O, Nicastro, Emanuele, Viscoli, C, Salvini, F, Tovo, Pa, Maurizio de, M, Italian Register for HIV Infection in, C. h. i. l. d. r. e. n., Chiappini E., Galli L., Lisi C., Gabiano C., Giaquinto C., Giacomet V., Buffolano W., Esposito S., Badolato R., Berbardi S., Cellini M., Dodi I., Faldella G., Osimani P., Genovese O., Nicastro E., Viscoli C., Salvini F., Tovo PA., Maurizio de M., and Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children.

Subjects
Male, Postnatal Care, Microbiology (medical), Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Immigration, Emigrants and Immigrants, HIV Infections, hiv, infants. TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION, Perinatal hiv, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, media_common, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Infectious Diseases, Italy, Female, business
Published
2011

16. Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children. Risk of perinatal HIV infection in infants born in Italy to immigrant mothers

Author

Chiappini E, Galli L, Lisi C, Gabiano C, Giaquinto C, Giacomet V, Esposito S, Badolato R, Berbardi S, Cellini M, Dodi I, Faldella G, Osimani P, Genovese O, Nicastro E, Viscoli C, Salvini F., BUFFOLANO, WILMA, Chiappini, E, Galli, L, Lisi, C, Gabiano, C, Giaquinto, C, Giacomet, V, Buffolano, Wilma, Esposito, S, Badolato, R, Berbardi, S, Cellini, M, Dodi, I, Faldella, G, Osimani, P, Genovese, O, Nicastro, E, Viscoli, C, and Salvini, F.

Published
2011

17. Specificazione del colore di provini di terracotta calatina

Author

Gueli, ANNA MARIA, Privitera, A., Fontana, D., Nicastro, E., Stella, G., Troja, S. O., Gueli AM, Privitera A, Fontana D, Nicastro E, Stella G, and Troja SO

Subjects
Ceramica, specificazione del colore, spazio CIELab
Abstract

La classificazione della ceramica da scavo prevede l’attribuzione di una tinta ad ogni coccio rinvenuto, ma l’uso regolare di un sistema per la specificazione del colore è ad oggi un problema aperto. Gli archeologi prediligono le Munsell Soil Color Chart ma la classificazione che ne deriva, oltre che della soggettività insita in tale sistema, soffre di un’ulteriore variabile legata alla difficile realizzazione sui siti di scavo delle condizioni di illuminazione controllata necessarie per il confronto tra le tavole e i cocci. Il colore della ceramica è inoltre fortemente dipendente dalle condizioni di cottura per cui anche manufatti realizzati con le stesse materie prime possono presentare elevate variazioni cromatiche. È in questo contesto che si inserisce il progetto di ricerca nell’ambito del quale è stato realizzato il lavoro qui presentato che nasce a Caltagirone, uno dei principali centri di produzione della ceramica in Sicilia fin dai tempi antichi. Il progetto nasce dall’esigenza degli artigiani, che si tramandano tale tradizione da padre in figlio, di individuare la relazione tra i processi di cottura e il colore dei loro manufatti; tale progetto coinvolge l’Istituto Statale d’Arte per la Ceramica di Caltagirone e il laboratorio PH3DRA del Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università di Catania. In questa occasione vengono presentati i risultati relativi alla specificazione del colore delle due tipologie di impasto che caratterizzano la produzione calatina utilizzate dai ceramisti per ottenere, rispettivamente, ceramiche di uso comune e manufatti più pregiati. La preparazione degli impasti, nella quale ha avuto un ruolo fondamentale l’esperienza degli artigiani, è stata realizzata impiegando le argille provenienti dalle principali cave di importanza storica, oggi in disuso, individuate grazie ad un’importante ricerca storico-archivistica. Sono stati così ottenuti i set di provini rappresentativi delle due tipologie di produzione, che sono stati quindi sottoposti a cottura variando la temperatura massima tra 400 °C e 1200 °C. Tali limiti sono stati stabiliti per simulare, come richiesto dai ceramisti, anche gli “errori di cottura” abituali negli atelier e che ne rappresentano gli scarti di lavorazione. Le terrecotte realizzate sono state sottoposte a misure di colore con il metodo spettrofotometrico registrando, per ognuno dei campioni, l’andamento del fattore di riflettanza spettrale e le terne colorimetriche nello spazio CIELAB. Le variazioni cromatiche tra i campioni sottoposti ai diversi valori di temperatura sono state valutate considerando come riferimento il campione prima della cottura, definito “crudo”. Tale obiettivo è stato raggiunto, per entrambi i set, attraverso il confronto degli andamenti dei fattori di riflessione spettrale e la rappresentazione delle coordinate cromatiche L*C*h in funzione della temperatura.

Published
2011

18. European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition syllabus for subspecialty training: Moving towards a European standard

Author

D'Antiga, L. Nicastro, E. Papadopoulou, A. Mearin, M.L. Tzivinikos, C. Vandenplas, Y. Van Goudoever, H. Baumann, U. Troncone, R. Koletzko, B.

Abstract

The requirements for and conditions of subspecialty training in paediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition (PGHN) are rather variable across European countries. The European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) agreed on a training syllabus aimed to foster a harmonised European PGHN curriculum and to support national PGHN societies and governmental bodies to promote and establish high-quality training programmes and levels of certification in the field. The document provides PGHN training prerequisites and objectives and the basic knowledge elements to acquire the clinical, technical, and management skills needed. Guidelines and instruments for self-monitoring and appraisal are proposed, and a logbook is available online. These training standards are a first step towards a European certification and recognition as a specialist in PGHN. © 2014 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition.

Published
2014

19. Is the exchange transfusion a possibile specific treatment for neonatal hemochromatosis?

Author

TIMPANI G, FOTI F, NICOL A, NICOTINA PA, NICASTRO E, IORIO, RAFFAELE, Timpani, G, Foti, F, Nicol, A, Nicotina, Pa, Nicastro, E, and Iorio, Raffaele

Subjects
liver failure, neonatal hemochromatosi, exchange transfusion
Abstract

Neonatal hemochromatosis is a rare congenital disorder of the liver associated to a poor prognosis. Liver transplantation is often required, since no effective medical treatment has been found. Despite mounting evidence of an alloimmune etiology of this condition, exchange transfusion has never been proposed as a specific treatment for neonatal hemochromatosis. Here we describe two siblings affected by neonatal hemochromatosis. The first, a female, died at 18 days of severe coagulopathy and acute renal failure, diagnosed as affected by neonatal hemochromatosis only when the second sibling was suspected as being affected by the same disease. The second child showed a rapidly worsening coagulopathy which was treated with two exchange transfusions, followed by rapid clinical and laboratory improvement, before reaching a definite diagnosis of neonatal hemochromatosis. He is healthy at present after a follow-up of 12 months. Although exchange transfusion has never been considered as treatment for neonatal hemochromatosis, this case suggests that it could be a feasible treatment option for children affected by this disease, as for other alloimmune conditions

Published
2007

20. SAT-048 - The natural course of FIC1 deficiency and BSEP deficiency: Initial results from the NAPPED-consortium (Natural course and Prognosis of PFIC and Effect of biliary Diversion)

Author

van Wessel, D., Thompson, R., Grammatikopoulos, T., Kadaristiana, A., Jankowska, I., Lipiński, P., Czubkowski, P., Gonzales, E., Jacquemin, E., Spraul, A., Sokal, E., Shagrani, M.A., Broering, D.C., Algoufi, T., Mazhar, N., Nicastro, E., Kelly, D., Nebbia, G., Arnell, H., Fischler, B., Sankaranarayanan, S., Hulscher, J., Serranti, D., Arikan, C., Polat, E., Debray, D., Lacaille, F., Goncalves, C., Hierro, L., Bartolo, G.M., Mozer-Glassberg, Y., Azaz, A., Brecelj, J., Dezsőfi, A., Calvo, P.L., Pizzol, A., Schmitt, D., Sturm, E., van der Woerd, W., Hansen, B., and Verkade, H.

Published
2018
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27. The second generation of HIV-1 vertically exposed infants: a case series from the Italian Register for paediatric HIV infection

Author

Carmelina, Calitri, Clara, Gabiano, Luisa, Galli, Elena, Chiappini, Carlo, Giaquinto, Wilma, Buffolano, Orazio, Genovese, Susanna, Esposito, Stefania, Bernardi, Maurizio De Martino, Pier Angelo Tovo, Osimani, P, Larovere, D, Ruggeri, M, Pession, A, Faldella, G, Capra, F, Pulcini, S, Zattoni, V, Dedoni, M, Aliffi, A, Anastasio, E, Fiumana, E, Gervaso, P, Montagnani, C, Di Biagio, A, Nicolini, La, De Hoffer, L, Acutis, Ms, Bondi, E, Erba, P, Fabiano, V, Ramponi, G, Salvini, F, Lipreri, R, Esposito, S, Plebani, A, Tagliabue, C, Giubbarelli, F, Nicastro, E, Lo Vecchio, A, Buffolano, W, Agnese, M, Romano, A, Giaquinto, C, Rampon, O, Pennazzato, M, Consolini, Rita, Dodi, I, Maccabruni, A, Genovese, O, Palma, P, Pontrelli, G, Tchidjou, H, Olmeo, P, Mazza, A, Silvestro, E, Virano, S, Portelli, V, Rabusin, M, and Pellegatta, A.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatric hiv, Anti-HIV Agents, Birth weight, HIV Infections, Young Adult, Medical microbiology, Pregnancy, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, medicine, Birth Weight, Humans, Prospective Studies, Young adult, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Prospective cohort study, AZT, Drug-resistant virus, HIV-1, Vertical transmission, Cesarean Section, Child, Female, Infant, Italy, Pregnancy Outcome, Viral Load, Zidovudine, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Infectious Diseases, business.industry, virus diseases, medicine.disease, Antiretroviral therapy, Settore MED/38, business, Viral load, Research Article
Abstract

Background In the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) era, the prognosis of children perinatally infected with HIV-1 has significantly improved, so the number of perinatally-infected females entering child-bearing age and experiencing motherhood is increasing. Methods A description of the medical history and pregnancy outcomes of women with perinatal acquired HIV-1 infection enrolled in the Italian Register for HIV infection in Children. Results Twenty-three women had 29 pregnancies. They had started an antiretroviral therapy at a median of 7.7 years (interquartile range, IQR 2.3 - 11.4), and had experienced a median of 4 therapeutic regimens (IQR 2–6). Twenty women (87%) had taken zidovudine (AZT) before pregnancy, in 14 cases as a starting monotherapy. In 21 pregnancies a protease inhibitor-based regimen was used. At delivery, the median of CD4+ T lymphocytes was 450/μL (IQR 275–522), and no viral load was detectable in 15 cases (reported in 21 pregnancies). Twenty-eight children were delivered through caesarean section (median gestational age: 38 weeks, IQR 36–38, median birth weight: 2550 grams, IQR 2270 – 3000). Intravenous AZT was administered during delivery in 26 cases. All children received oral AZT (median: 42 days, IQR 31 – 42), with no adverse events reported. No child acquired HIV-1 infection. Conclusions Despite a long history of maternal infection, multiple antiretroviral regimens and, perhaps, the development of drug-resistant viruses, the risk of mother-to-child transmission does not seem to have increased among the second-generation of HIV-1 exposed infants.

Published
2014

28. E-learning implementation of ESPGHAN/ESPID guidelines for pediatric acute gastroenteritis: Impact on clinical practice in inpatient setting in Europe

Author

Nicastro, E., primary, Liguoro, I., additional, Lo Vecchio, A., additional, Chmielewska, A., additional, De Bruyn, C., additional, Dolinsek, J., additional, Doroshina, E., additional, Fessatou, S., additional, Pop, T.L., additional, Prell, C., additional, Tabbers, M.C., additional, Tavares, M., additional, Urenden, P., additional, and Guarino, A., additional

Published
2013
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33. A boy with UDCA-dependent hypertransaminasemia

Author

Ranucci, G., primary, Terlizzi, V., additional, Ferrari, F., additional, Cirillo, F., additional, D’Antiga, L., additional, Giordano, G., additional, Liccardo, D., additional, Nicastro, E., additional, Vajro, P., additional, and Iorio, R., additional

Published
2008
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39. The pediatric endoscopy practice in Italy: A nationwide survey on behalf of the Italian society of pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition (SIGENP)

Author

Alessandro Muscas, Gian Luigi de’Angelis, Rita Cozzali, Valerio Balassone, Claudio Romano, Ruggiero Francavilla, Fabio Cisarò, M.T. Illiceto, Paolo Orizio, M.R. D'Altilia, Michele Citrano, Monica Paci, Lorenzo Norsa, Caterina Pacenza, Stefano Martelossi, C. Mantegazza, Simona Gatti, Alessandro Raffaele, A. Famiani, Lorenzo Costa, Grazia D’Adamo, Giovanni Di Nardo, Cristina Malaventura, Antonino Granata, Alberto Ravelli, Alice Monzani, M. Maino, Angelo Campanozzi, B. Parma, Erasmo Miele, Matteo Bramuzzo, Natale Dodaro, Paolo Gandullia, Andrea Chiaro, Enrico Felici, Marco Deganello Saccomani, Lorella Fanti, Emanuele Nicastro, Teresa Di Chio, Salvatore Accomando, Patrizia Alvisi, Salvatore Oliva, Francesca Cavataio, Chiara Centenari, Caterina Strisciuglio, Diego Falchetti, Deganello, S. M., Norsa, L., Oliva, S., De'Angelis, G. L., Accomando, S., Alvisi, P., Balassone, V., Bramuzzo, M., Campanozzi, A., Cavataio, F., Centenari, C., Chiaro, A., Cisaro, F., Citrano, M., Costa, L., Cozzali, R., D'Adamo, G., D'Altilia, M., Di Chio, T., Di Nardo, G., Dodaro, N., Falchetti, D., Famiani, A., Fanti, L., Felici, E., Francavilla, R., Gandullia, P., Gatti, S., Granata, A., Illiceto, M. T., Maino, M., Malaventura, C., Mantegazza, C., Martelossi, S., Miele, E., Monzani, A., Muscas, A., Nicastro, E., Orizio, P., Pacenza, C., Paci, M., Parma, B., Raffaele, A., Ravelli, A., Romano, C., Strisciuglio, C., Deganello Saccomani M., Norsa L., Oliva S., de'Angelis G.L., Accomando S., Alvisi P., Balassone V., Bramuzzo M., Campanozzi A., Cavataio F., Centenari C., Chiaro A., Cisaro F., Citrano M., Costa L., Cozzali R., D'Adamo G., D'Altilia M., Di Chio T., Di Nardo G., Dodaro N., Falchetti D., Famiani A., Fanti L., Felici E., Francavilla R., Gandullia P., Gatti S., Granata A., Illiceto M.T., Maino M., Malaventura C., Mantegazza C., Martelossi S., Miele E., Monzani A., Muscas A., Nicastro E., Orizio P., Pacenza C., Paci M., Parma B., Raffaele A., Ravelli A., Romano C., and Strisciuglio C.

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Endoscopy, Digestive System, Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Italy, MEDLINE, Nutritional Status, Nationwide survey, Pediatrics, NO, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Endoscopy, Digestive System, Child, Pediatric gastroenterology, Societies, Medical, digestive endoscopy, Pediatric endoscopy, Hepatology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Nutritional status, Endoscopy, Multicenter study, Italy, pediatric endoscopy, gastroenterology, Family medicine, Child, Preschool, Health Care Surveys, business, Digestive System
Published
2019

40. Treatment and monitoring of children with chronic hepatitis C in the Pre-DAA era: A European survey of 38 paediatric specialists

Author

Indolfi, Giuseppe, Bailey, Heather, Serranti, Daniele, Giaquinto, Carlo, Thorne, Claire, Jahnel, Jörg, Sokal, Etienne, Lamireau, Thierry, Lacaille, Florence, Debray, Dominique, Girard, Muriel, Feiterna‐Sperling, Cornelia, Wirth, Stefan, Vassiliki, Papaevangelou, Dezsofi, Antal, Guidi, Roberto, Verucchi, Gabriella, D'Antiga, Lorenzo, Nicastro, Emanuele, Maggiore, Giuseppe, Trapani, Sandra, Ricci, Silvia, Resti, Massimo, Giacomet, Vania, Benincaso, Anna Rita, Nebbia, Gabriella, Iorio, Raffaele, Cananzi, Mara, Riva, Silvia, Bossi, Grazia, Dodi, Icilio, Nobili, Valerio, Comparcola, Donatella, Garazzino, Silvia, Calvo, Pier Luigi, Pokorska‐Śpiewak, Maria, Pawlowska, Malgorzata, Gonçalves, Cristina, Gonçalves, Isabel, Tudor, Ana Maria, Julian, Antoni Noguera, Hierro, Loreto, Ramos, Jose T., Fischler, Björn, McLin, Valérie, Kansu, Turkey Aydan, Brown, Maxine, Kelly, Deirdre, Davison, Suzanne, Turkova, Anna, Bamford, Alasdair, UCL - SSS/IREC/PEDI - Pôle de Pédiatrie, UCL - (SLuc) Service de gastro-entérologie et hépatologie pédiatrique, Indolfi, G., Bailey, H., Serranti, D., Giaquinto, C., Thorne, C., Sokal, E., Debray, D., Girard, M., Feiterna-Sperling, C., Wirth, S., Guidi, R., Verucchi, G., D'Antiga, L., Nicastro, E., Maggiore, G., Trapani, S., Ricci, S., Resti, M., Giacomet, V., Benincaso, A. R., Nebbia, G., Iorio, R., Cananzi, M., Riva, S., Bossi, G., Dodi, I., Nobili, V., Comparcola, D., Garazzino, S., Calvo, P. L., Pokorska-Spiewak, M., Pawlowska, M., Goncalves, C., Goncalves, I., Bals, M., Tudor, A. M., Noguera-Julian, A., Ramos, J. T., Fischler, B., Mclin, V., Brown, M., Kelly, D., Davison, S., Turkova, A., Bamford, A., Indolfi G., Bailey H., Serranti D., Giaquinto C., Thorne C., Sokal E., Debray D., Girard M., Feiterna-Sperling C., Wirth S., Guidi R., Verucchi G., D'Antiga L., Nicastro E., Maggiore G., Trapani S., Ricci S., Resti M., Giacomet V., Benincaso A.R., Nebbia G., Iorio R., Cananzi M., Riva S., Bossi G., Dodi I., Nobili V., Comparcola D., Garazzino S., Calvo P.L., Pokorska-Spiewak M., Pawlowska M., Goncalves C., Goncalves I., Bals M., Tudor A.M., Noguera-Julian A., Ramos J.T., Fischler B., McLin V., Brown M., Kelly D., Davison S., Turkova A., and Bamford A.

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, Cirrhosis, Epidemiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Hepacivirus, Liver transplantation, medicine.disease_cause, Direct-acting antivirals, Liver disease, 0302 clinical medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Europe, direct-acting antivirals, epidemiology, treatment, vertical transmission, Child, education.field_of_study, treatment, Age Factors, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, Vertical transmission, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, epidemiology, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Genotype, Attitude of Health Personnel, Hepatitis C virus, Population, Socio-culturale, Antiviral Agents, 03 medical and health sciences, Chronic hepatitis, Hcv genotype 1, Virology, medicine, Humans, Pediatricians, education, direct-acting antivirals, direct-acting antiviral, Hepatology, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Hepatitis C, Chronic, medicine.disease, Treatment, Cross-Sectional Studies, Health Care Surveys, vertical transmission, business
Abstract

The burden of paediatric HCV infection across Europe is unknown, as are current policies regarding monitoring and treatment. This collaborative study aimed to collect aggregate data to characterise the population of ≤18-year olds with HCV infection in specialist follow up in a twelve-month period (2016) across the PENTAHep European consortium, and investigate current policies around monitoring and treatment. A cross-sectional, web-based survey was distributed in April 2017 to 50 paediatricians in 19 European countries, covering patients' profile, and monitoring and treatment practices. Responses were received from 38/50 clinicians collectively caring for 663 children with chronic HCV infection of whom three-quarters were aged ≥6 years and 90% vertically-infected. HCV genotype 1 was the most common (n 380; 57.3%), followed by genotype 3, 4 and 2. Seventeen children (3%) with chronic HCV infection were diagnosed with cirrhosis and 6 were reported to have received liver transplantation for HCV-related liver disease. The majority (n 425; 64.1%) of the European children with HCV infection remained treatment-naive in 2016. Age affected clinicians' attitudes towards treatment; 94% reported being willing to use direct-acting antivirals, if available, in adolescents (aged ≥11 years), 78% in children aged 6-10 and 42% in those 3 to 5 years of age (Pearson correlation coefficient -0.98; p 0.0001). This survey provides the largest characterisation of the population of children in clinical follow-up for chronic HCV infection in Europe, alongside important contextual information on their management and treatment. Discussion is needed around strategies and criteria for use of direct-acting antivirals in these children. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Published
2019

41. Natural history of liver disease in a large international cohort of children with Alagille syndrome: Results from the GALA study

Author

Shannon M, Vandriel, Li-Ting, Li, Huiyu, She, Jian-She, Wang, Melissa A, Gilbert, Irena, Jankowska, Piotr, Czubkowski, Dorota, Gliwicz-Miedzińska, Emmanuel M, Gonzales, Emmanuel, Jacquemin, Jérôme, Bouligand, Nancy B, Spinner, Kathleen M, Loomes, David A, Piccoli, Lorenzo, D'Antiga, Emanuele, Nicastro, Étienne, Sokal, Tanguy, Demaret, Noelle H, Ebel, Jeffrey A, Feinstein, Rima, Fawaz, Silvia, Nastasio, Florence, Lacaille, Dominique, Debray, Henrik, Arnell, Björn, Fischler, Susan, Siew, Michael, Stormon, Saul J, Karpen, Rene, Romero, Kyung Mo, Kim, Woo Yim, Baek, Winita, Hardikar, Sahana, Shankar, Amin J, Roberts, Helen M, Evans, M Kyle, Jensen, Marianne, Kavan, Shikha S, Sundaram, Alexander, Chaidez, Palaniswamy, Karthikeyan, Maria Camila, Sanchez, Maria Lorena, Cavalieri, Henkjan J, Verkade, Way Seah, Lee, James E, Squires, Christina, Hajinicolaou, Chatmanee, Lertudomphonwanit, Ryan T, Fischer, Catherine, Larson-Nath, Yael, Mozer-Glassberg, Cigdem, Arikan, Henry C, Lin, Jesus Quintero, Bernabeu, Seema, Alam, Deirdre A, Kelly, Elisa, Carvalho, Cristina Targa, Ferreira, Giuseppe, Indolfi, Ruben E, Quiros-Tejeira, Pinar, Bulut, Pier Luigi, Calvo, Zerrin, Önal, Pamela L, Valentino, Dev M, Desai, John, Eshun, Maria, Rogalidou, Antal, Dezsőfi, Sabina, Wiecek, Gabriella, Nebbia, Raquel Borges, Pinto, Victorien M, Wolters, María Legarda, Tamara, Andréanne N, Zizzo, Jennifer, Garcia, Kathleen, Schwarz, Marisa, Beretta, Thomas Damgaard, Sandahl, Carolina, Jimenez-Rivera, Nanda, Kerkar, Jernej, Brecelj, Quais, Mujawar, Nathalie, Rock, Cristina Molera, Busoms, Wikrom, Karnsakul, Eberhard, Lurz, Ermelinda, Santos-Silva, Niviann, Blondet, Luis, Bujanda, Uzma, Shah, Richard J, Thompson, Bettina E, Hansen, Binita M, Kamath, Arıkan, Çiğdem (ORCID 0000-0002-0794-2741 & YÖK ID 240198), Vandriel, S.M., Li, L.T., She, H., Wang, J.S., Gilbert, M.A., Jankowska, I., Czubkowski, P., Gliwicz-Miedzi?ska, D., Gonzales, E.M., Jacquemin, E., Bouligand, J., Spinner, N.B., Loomes, K.M., Piccoli, D.A., D'Antiga, L., Nicastro, E., Sokal, É., Demaret, T., Ebel, N.H., Feinstein, J.A., Fawaz, R., Nastasio, S., Lacaille, F., Debray, D., Arnell, H., Fischler, B., Siew, S., Stormon, M., Karpen, S.J., Romero, R., Kim, K.M., Baek, W.Y., Hardikar, W., Shankar, S., Roberts, A.J., Evans, H.M., Jensen, M.K., Kavan, M., Sundaram, S.S., Chaidez, A., Karthikeyan, P., Sanchez, M.C., Cavalieri, M.L., Verkade, H.J., Lee, W.S., Squires, J.E., Hajinicolaou, C., Lertudomphonwanit, C., Fischer, R.T., Larson-Nath, C., Mozer-Glassberg, Y., Lin, H.C., Quintero, Bernabeu J., Alam, S., Kelly, D., Carvalho, E., Ferreira, C.T., Indolfi, G., Quiros-Tejeira, R.E., Bulut, P., Calvo, P.L., Önal, Z., Valentino, P.L., Desai, D.M., Eshun, J., Rogalidou, M., Dezs?fi, A., Wiecek, S., Nebbia, G., Borges Pinto, R., Wolters, V.M., Tamara, M.L., Zizzo, A.N., Garcia, J., Schwarz, K., Beretta, M., Sandahl, T.D., Jimenez-Rivera, C., Kerkar, N., Brecelj, J., Mujawar, Q., Rock, N., Busoms, C.M., Karnsakul, W., Lurz, E., Santos-Silva, E., Blondet, N., Bujanda, L., Shah, U., Thompson, R.J., Hansen, B.E., Kamath, B.M., Global ALagille Alliance (GALA) Study Group, Koç University Hospital, School of Medicine, UCL - SSS/IREC/PEDI - Pôle de Pédiatrie, and UCL - (SLuc) Service de gastro-entérologie et hépatologie pédiatrique

Subjects
Male, Cholestasis, Alagille syndrome, Bile duct atresia, Intrahepatic cholestasis, Hepatology, Hypertension, Portal/etiology, Gastroenterology and hepatology, Alagille Syndrome/epidemiology, Humans, Female, Child, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

Background and aims: Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a multisystem disorder, characterized by cholestasis. Existing outcome data are largely derived from tertiary centers, and real-world data are lacking. This study aimed to elucidate the natural history of liver disease in a contemporary, international cohort of children with ALGS. Approach and results: This was a multicenter retrospective study of children with a clinically and/or genetically confirmed ALGS diagnosis, born between January 1997 and August 2019. Native liver survival (NLS) and event-free survival rates were assessed. Cox models were constructed to identify early biochemical predictors of clinically evident portal hypertension (CEPH) and NLS. In total, 1433 children (57% male) from 67 centers in 29 countries were included. The 10 and 18-year NLS rates were 54.4% and 40.3%. By 10 and 18 years, 51.5% and 66.0% of children with ALGS experienced >= 1 adverse liver-related event (CEPH, transplant, or death). Children (>6 and = 5.0 and = 10.0 mg/dl had an 8.0-fold (95% CI, 3.4-18.4) increased risk of developing CEPH compared with those 10.0 mg/dl were associated with a 4.8 (95% CI, 2.4-9.7) and 15.6 (95% CI, 8.7-28.2) increased risk of transplantation relative to = 5.0 mg/dl, with 79% reaching adulthood with native liver (p < 0.001). Conclusions: in this large international cohort of ALGS, only 40.3% of children reach adulthood with their native liver. A TB, This study received funding support from the following agencies: The Alagille Syndrome Alliance, Mirum Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Albireo Pharma, Inc. who provided unrestricted educational grants to the Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids Foundation). The study sponsors were not involved in the conduct of the research study or preparation of the manuscript.

Published
2022

42. Impact of Genotype, Serum Bile Acids, and Surgical Biliary Diversion on Native Liver Survival in FIC1 Deficiency

Author

Liting Li, Jian-She Wang, Ozlem Durmaz, Felipe Ordonez, Wikrom Karnsakul, Seema Alam, Cristina Targa Ferreira, Natural Course, Bettina E. Hansen, Kyung Mo Kim, Etienne Sokal, Ryan T. Fischer, Valerie Sency, Estella M. Alonso, Simon Horslen, Elisa de Carvalho, Piotr Czubkowski, Emanuele Nicastro, Nanda Kerkar, Dieter C. Broering, Björn Fischler, Dorothee Krebs-Schmitt, Kathleen M. Loomes, Dominique Debray, Marianne Hørby Jørgensen, Benjamin L. Shneider, Emmanuel Gonzales, Cigdem Arikan, Nathalie Rock, Antal Dezsőfi, Tassos Grammatikopoulos, Steffen Hartleif, Mara Cananzi, Talal Algoufi, Ronald J. Sokol, Jan B F Hulscher, Carolina Jimenez-Rivera, Emmanuel Jacquemin, Anne Spraul, Henkjan J. Verkade, Patryk Lipiński, Daan B E van Wessel, Nejat Mazhar, Maria Rogalidou, Deirdre Kelly, Alexandre Fabre, Daniele Serranti, Pier Luigi Calvo, Yael Mozer-Glassberg, Richard J. Thompson, Cristina Goncalves, Yumirle P. Turmelle, Jesus Quintero Bernabeu, Agustina Kadaristiana, Florence Lacaille, Loreto Hierro, Mohammad Shagrani, Patrick J. McKiernan, Girish S. Rao, Gema Muñoz Bartolo, Huey-Ling Chen, Wendy L. van der Woerd, Irena Jankowska, Amer Azaz, Philip J. Rosenthal, Frederick J. Suchy, Jernej Brecelj, Gabriella Nebbia, Noemie Laverdure, Henrik Arnell, Binita M. Kamath, Heng Wang, Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de pédiatrie multidisciplinaire [Hôpital de la Timone Enfants - APHM], Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Arıkan, Çiğdem (ORCID 0000-0002-0794-2741 & YÖK ID 240198), van Wessel, D. B. E., Thompson, R. J., Gonzales, E., Jankowska, I., Shneider, B. L., Sokal, E., Grammatikopoulos, T., Kadaristiana, A., Jacquemin, E., Spraul, A., Lipiński, P., Czubkowski, P., Rock, N., Shagrani, M., Broering, D., Algoufi, T., Mazhar, N., Nicastro, E., Kelly, D., Nebbia, G., Arnell, H., Fischler, B., Hulscher, J. B. F., Serranti, D., Debray, D., Lacaille, F., Goncalves, C., Hierro, L., Muñoz Bartolo, G., Mozer-Glassberg, Y., Azaz, A., Brecelj, J., Dezsőfi, A., Luigi Calvo, P., Krebs-Schmitt, D., Hartleif, S., van der Woerd, W. L., Wang, J. S., Li, L. T., Durmaz, Ö., Kerkar, N., Hørby Jørgensen, M., Fischer, R., Jimenez-Rivera, C., Alam, S., Cananzi, M., Laverdure, N., Ferreira, C. T., Ordonez, F., Wang, H., Sency, V., Kim, K. M., Chen, H. L., Carvalho, E., Fabre, A., Quintero Bernabeu, J., Alonso, E. M., Sokol, R. J., Suchy, F. J., Loomes, K. M., McKiernan, P. J., Rosenthal, P., Turmelle, Y., Rao, G. S., Horslen, S., Kamath, B. M., Rogalidou, M., Karnsakul, W. W., Hansen, B., Verkade, H. J., Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM) / Koç Üniversitesi Translasyonel Tıp Araştırma Merkezi (KUTTAM), School of Medicine, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (CLDM), UCL - SSS/IREC/PEDI - Pôle de Pédiatrie, and UCL - (SLuc) Service de gastro-entérologie et hépatologie pédiatrique

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], CHILDREN, Compound heterozygosity, Gastroenterology, PFIC1, DISEASE, 0302 clinical medicine, Genotype, Medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Adenosine Triphosphatases, ATP8B1 GENE, Bile acid, Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, Prognosis, Treatment Outcome, Codon, Nonsense, Child, Preschool, Cohort, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, Original Article, EXPRESSION, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.drug_class, Cholestasis, Intrahepatic, Risk Assessment, Frameshift mutation, Bile Acids and Salts, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, FAMILIAL INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS, Internal medicine, Humans, ABCB11 MUTATIONS, Survival analysis, TYPE-1, ATP8B1, FIC1 deficiency, Serum bile acids, Surgical biliary diversion, Retrospective Studies, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Hepatology, business.industry, Infant, Original Articles, medicine.disease, Survival Analysis, Liver Transplantation, SALT EXPORT PUMP, 030104 developmental biology, Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic, Autoimmune, Cholestatic and Biliary Disease, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Mutations in ATP8B1 can lead to familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 1 (FIC1) deficiency, or progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 1 (PFIC1). The rarity of FIC1 deficiency has largely prevented a detailed analysis of its natural history, effects of predicted protein truncating mutations (PPTMs), and possible associations of serum bile acid (sBA) concentrations and surgical biliary diversion (SBD) with long-term outcome. We aimed to provide novel insights by using the largest genetically defined cohort of FIC1 deficiency patients to date. This multicenter, combined retrospective and prospective study included 130 patients with compound heterozygous or homozygous predicted pathogenic ATP8B1 variants. Patients were categorized according to the number of PPTMs (i.e., splice site, frameshift due to deletion or insertion, nonsense, duplication); FIC1-A (n=67; no PPTM), FIC1-B (n=29; one PPTM) or FIC1-C (n=34; two PPTMs). Survival analysis showed an overall native liver survival (NLS) of 44% at age 18y. NLS was comparable between FIC1-A, FIC1-B, and FIC1-C (%NLS at age 10y: 67%, 41%, and 59%, respectively; P=0.12), despite FIC1-C undergoing SBD less often (%SBD at age 10y: 65%, 57%, and 45%, respectively; P=0.03). sBAs at presentation were negatively associated with NLS (NLS at age 10y; sBAs, University of Colorado; Baylor College of Medicine; Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh; St Louis Children’s Hospital; Riley Hospital for Children; Seattle Children’s Hospital; M.D./Ph.D. Scholarship from the University of Groningen; European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Networking Grant 2019; ChilDReN National Institutes of Health Grants; Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital; Albireo and Mirum Pharmaceuticals

Published
2021

43. COVID-19 in Immunosuppressed Children

Author

Emanuele Nicastro, Lucio Verdoni, Laura Rachele Bettini, Giovanna Zuin, Adriana Balduzzi, Giovanni Montini, Andrea Biondi, Lorenzo D'Antiga, Nicastro, E, Verdoni, L, Bettini, L, Zuin, G, Balduzzi, A, Montini, G, Biondi, A, and D'Antiga, L

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, kidney transplant, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, autoimmune disease, Review, Disease, Pediatrics, RJ1-570, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, SARS–CoV−2, rheumatologic diseases, cancer, education, innate immunity, Pathogen, Autoimmune disease, education.field_of_study, Innate immune system, immunosuppression, business.industry, Inflammasome, Immunosuppression, medicine.disease, liver transplant, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Immunology, business, Interferon type I, rheumatologic disease, medicine.drug
Abstract

Following the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to a global pandemic, concerns have arisen for the disease impact in at-risk populations, especially in immunocompromised hosts. On the other hand, clinical studies have clarified that the COVID-19 clinical burden is mostly due to over-inflammation and immune-mediated multiorgan injury. This has led to downsizing the role of immunosuppression as a determinant of outcome, and early reports confirm the hypothesis that patients undergoing immunosuppressive treatments do not have an increased risk of severe COVID-19 with respect to the general population. Intriguingly, SARS-CoV-2 natural reservoirs, such as bats and mice, have evolved mechanisms of tolerance involving selection of genes optimizing viral clearance through interferon type I and III responses and also dampening inflammasome response and cytokine expression. Children exhibit resistance to COVID-19 severe manifestations, and age-related features in innate and adaptive response possibly explaining this difference are discussed. A competent recognition by the innate immune system and controlled pro-inflammatory signaling seem to be the pillars of an effective response and the premise for pathogen clearance in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Immunosuppression—if not associated with other elements of fragility—do not represent per se an obstacle to this competent/tolerant phenotype in children. Several reports confirm that children receiving immunosuppressive medications have similar clinical involvement and outcomes as the pediatric general population, indicating that maintenance treatments should not be interrupted in suspect or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Published
2021

44. Health status of patients with autoimmune liver disease during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in northern Italy

Author

Emanuele Nicastro, Lorenzo D' Antiga, Angelo Di Giorgio, Luisa Pasulo, Stefano Fagiuoli, Camilla Speziani, Bianca Magro, Massimo De Giorgio, Di Giorgio, A, Nicastro, E, Speziani, C, De Giorgio, M, Pasulo, L, Magro, B, Fagiuoli, S, and D' Antiga, L

Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Health Status, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Pneumonia, Viral, medicine.disease_cause, Article, Betacoronavirus, Pandemic, medicine, Humans, immunosuppression (IS), Autoimmune liver disease, Pandemics, Coronavirus, biology, Hepatology, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Liver Diseases, autoimmune liver disease, Outbreak, COVID-19, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Northern italy, Autoimmune Liver Disease (AILD), Italy, Coronavirus Infections, business
Published
2020
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45. Etiology, presenting features and outcome of children with non-cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis: A multicentre national study

Author

Pier Luigi Calvo, Silvia Riva, Giuseppe Maggiore, Raffaele Iorio, Paola De Angelis, Maurizio Cheli, Lorenzo D'Antiga, Giuseppe Indolfi, Pietro Vajro, Emanuele Nicastro, Angelo Di Giorgio, Mara Cananzi, Di Giorgio, A., De Angelis, P., Cheli, M., Vajro, P., Iorio, R., Cananzi, M., Riva, S., Maggiore, G., Indolfi, G., Calvo, P. L., Nicastro, E., and D'Antiga, L.

Subjects
Male, Diseases, Infant, Newborn, Diseases, 0302 clinical medicine, Child, Children, Venous Thrombosis, medicine.diagnostic_test, Portal Vein, Gastroenterology, Portal vein thrombosis, Venous thrombosis, Italy, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Child, Preschool, Hypertension, Portal hypertension, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, Infant, Premature, medicine.medical_specialty, Gastrointestinal bleeding, Adolescent, Socio-culturale, Esophageal and Gastric Varices, Hypersplenism, Catheterization, 03 medical and health sciences, Hypertension, Portal, medicine, Humans, Transjugular Intrahepatic, Portasystemic Shunt, Extra-hepatic portal vein obstruction, Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic, Splenomegaly, Preschool, Survival rate, Premature, Children, Extra-hepatic portal vein obstruction, Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension, Portal vein thrombosis, Hepatology, business.industry, medicine.disease, Newborn, Surgery, Endoscopy, Etiology, Portal, business, Varices
Abstract

Objectives Non-cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a main cause of portal hypertension in children. We describe the characteristics at presentation and outcome of a cohort of patients with PVT to determine clinical features and predictors of outcome. Methods We recorded: (1) Associated factors: prematurity, congenital malformations, neonatal illnesses, umbilical vein catheterization (UVC), deep infections, surgery; (2) congenital and acquired prothrombotic disorders; (3) features at last follow up including survival rate and need for surgery. Results 187 patients, mean age at diagnosis 4 ± 3.7 years, had a history of prematurity (61%); UVC (65%); neonatal illnesses (79%). The diagnosis followed the detection of splenomegaly (40%), gastrointestinal bleeding (36%), hypersplenism (6%), or was incidental (18%). Of 71 patients who had endoscopy at presentation 62 (87%) had oesophageal varices. After 11.3 years’ follow up 63 (34%) required surgery or TIPS. Ten-year survival rate was 98%, with 90% shunt patency. Spleen size, variceal bleeding and hypersplenism at presentation were predictors of surgery or TIPS (p Conclusion PVT is associated with congenital and acquired co-morbidities. History of prematurity, neonatal illnesses and UVC should lead to rule out PVT. Large spleen, variceal bleeding and hypersplenism at presentation predict the need for eventual surgery in a third of cases.

Published
2019

46. Effectiveness of Preemptive Therapy for Cytomegalovirus Disease in Pediatric Liver Transplantation

Author

Anna Paola Callegaro, Claudio Farina, Emanuele Nicastro, Paola Stroppa, Michele Colledan, Sara Giovannozzi, Valeria Casotti, Alessandra Tebaldi, Lorenzo DʼAntiga, Nicastro, E, Giovannozzi, S, Stroppa, P, Casotti, V, Callegaro, A, Tebaldi, A, Farina, C, Colledan, M, and D'Antiga, L

Subjects
Cytomegalovirus Infection, Male, medicine.medical_treatment, Cytomegalovirus, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, 030230 surgery, Liver transplantation, 0302 clinical medicine, Retrospective Studie, Odds Ratio, Medicine, Age Factor, Child, media_common, Drug Cost, virus diseases, Treatment Outcome, Italy, Child, Preschool, Cytomegalovirus Infections, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Human, medicine.drug, Ganciclovir, Drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Time Factor, media_common.quotation_subject, Congenital cytomegalovirus infection, MEDLINE, Antiviral Agents, Drug Administration Schedule, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Humans, Cost-Benefit Analysi, Antiviral Agent, Transplantation, Chi-Square Distribution, Cost Saving, business.industry, Risk Factor, Infant, Retrospective cohort study, Odds ratio, Original Clinical Science—Liver, medicine.disease, Transplant Recipients, Liver Transplantation, business, Chi-squared distribution
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Most pediatric liver transplantation (LT) centers administer long courses of prophylaxis against cytomegalovirus (CMV) without evidence of benefit and with significant drug exposure and costs. We aimed at evaluating overall outcomes, direct and putative indirect effects of CMV, possible impact of viremia and risk factors for CMV infection in pediatric LT recipients managed with ganciclovir-based preemptive therapy (PET). METHODS: The records of all the children who underwent LT between 2008 and 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: One hundred children were included. Three children had CMV disease; no CMV-related death or graft loss was recorded. The only identified risk factor for CMV infection was the donor/recipient serostatus (odds ratio, 17.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.88-157.87; P = 0.012), while viremia per se did not worsen LT outcomes, such as the incidence of acute rejection, Epstein-Barr virus infection, sepsis, biliary and vascular complications, nor graft dysfunction/loss or death at 3 and 5 years after LT. When compared with a historical cohort of children receiving ganciclovir prophylaxis, PET did not differ from prophylaxis for any of the selected outcomes, but was rather associated with lower antiviral drug exposure (6.4 ± 13 days vs 38.6 ± 14 days, P < 0.0001) and cost per patient (2.2 ± 3.9 k€ vs 6.6 ± 8.2 k€, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: PET is effective in controlling CMV in children receiving LT, with lower costs and lower exposure to antivirals.

Published
2017

47. Factors Affecting Outcome of Tuberculosis in Children in Italy: An Ecological Study

Author

Vania Giacomet, Andrea Lo Vecchio, Eugenia Bruzzese, Emanuele Nicastro, Maria Cristina Fedele, Diana Cerullo, Riccardo Scotto, Maria Immacolata Spagnuolo, Alfredo Guarino, Nicastro E., Scotto R., Cerullo D., Fedele M., Bruzzese E., Giacomet V., Spagnuolo MI., Guarino A., Lo Vecchio A., Nicastro, Emanuele, Scotto, Riccardo, Cerullo, Diana, Fedele, Maria Cristina, Bruzzese, Eugenia, Giacomet, Vania, Spagnuolo, MARIA IMMACOLATA, Guarino, Alfredo, and LO VECCHIO, Andrea

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, 030505 public health, Tuberculosis, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Ecological study, Disease, medicine.disease, Outcome (game theory), Foreign, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Environmental health, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0305 other medical science, business, Children, Multiresistant
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis is a major problem in children depending on their families for management and a re-emerging disease in low incidence countries, where foreign-born cases account for a large proportion of cases. METHODS: We investigated socioeconomic features of families and their impact on management and outcome of children with tuberculosis disease seen at a tertiary care centre for paediatric infectious diseases in Italy. RESULTS: Forty-nine Italian and 30 foreign-origin children were included. Children from foreign families had more complicated diseases (20 % vs 0 %; P = 0.002), harbored more drug resistant strains (20 % vs 2 %; P = 0.011), showed longer hospital stay (12 ± 13.1 vs 5.1 ± 6.5 days; P = 0.012) and higher proportion of missed medical visits (15.7 ± 16 vs 8.6 ± 9.6; P ≤ 0.042) than those from Italian families. Harboring drug resistant strains was an independent risk factor for complicated disease course (OR: 72.98; 95 %CI: 1.54–3468.58; P = 0.029), and this risk is higher in children from Eastern Europe (OR: 10.16; 95 %CI: 1.7–61.9; P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: Children from immigrant families showed an increased risk of complicated course of tuberculosis due to a higher rate of resistant strains and raise problems in clinical management. Specific protocols are needed to support these populations ensuring easy access to health services and monitoring.

Published
2016

48. The Impact of E-Learning on Adherence to Guidelines for Acute Gastroenteritis: A Single-Arm Intervention Study

Author

Ilaria Liguoro, Christine Prell, Irina G. Zakharova, Elena Doroshina, Anna Chmielewska, Caroline De Bruyn, Marta Tavares, Emanuele Nicastro, Alfredo Guarino, Smaragdi Fessatou, Jernej Dolinsek, Bhupinder Sandhu, Andrea Lo Vecchio, Tudor Lucian Pop, Merit M. Tabbers, Pinar Urenden-Elicin, Dario Bruzzese, AGEM - Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Paediatric Gastroenterology, Nicastro, E, LO VECCHIO, Andrea, Liguoro, I, Chmielewska, A, De Bruyn, C, Dolinsek, J, Doroshina, E, Fessatou, S, Pop, Tl, Prell, C, Tabbers, Mm, Tavares, M, Urenden Elicin, P, Bruzzese, Dario, Zakharova, I, Sandhu, B, and Guarino, Alfredo

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:Medicine, Electronic learning, Acute Disease, Aged, Child, Preschool, Education, Medical, Continuing, Female, Gastroenteritis, Humans, Infant, Learning, Middle Aged, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Guideline Adherence, Education, Primary outcome, Medical, Online course, medicine, Paediatric age, lcsh:Science, Child, Preschool, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, lcsh:R, Continuing, Acute gastroenteritis, Case management, Intervention studies, Clinical Practice, Physical therapy, lcsh:Q, business, Research Article
Abstract

Objective E-learning is a candidate tool for clinical practice guidelines (CPG) implementation due to its versatility, universal access and low costs. We aimed to assess the impact of a five-module e-learning course about CPG for acute gastroenteritis (AGE) on physicians' knowledge and clinical practice. Study design This work was conceived as a pre/post single-arm intervention study. Physicians from 11 European countries registered for the online course. Personal data, pre- and post-course questionnaires and clinical data about 3 to 5 children with AGE managed by each physician before and after the course were collected. Primary outcome measures included the proportion of participants fully adherent to CPG and number of patients managed with full adherence. Results Among the 149 physicians who signed up for the e-learning course, 59 took the course and reported on their case management of 519 children

Published
2015

49. Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Children

Author

Emanuele Nicastro, Vittoria Buccigrossi, Alfredo Guarino, Buccigrossi, Vittoria, Nicastro, E, and Guarino, Alfredo

Subjects
Immune system, Microarray, medicine.drug_class, Antibiotics, Immunology, Human microbiome, medicine, Microbiome, Biology, medicine.disease, Commensalism, Functional genomics, Dysbiosis
Abstract

Culture-independent strategies such as high-throughput parallel sequencing and comparative genomics, metabolic profiling and functional genomics, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and phylogenetic microarray are providing new insights into the composition, determinants, and functional roles of human microbiota. The initial colonization and subsequent development of the intestinal microbiota in early life is a key step for the composition of the human microbiota throughout one's life. An increasing body of evidence highlights the role of nutrition both in early infancy and childhood in the age-related development of the microflora, but other factors significantly contribute to the final composition in the adult age, such as antibiotics and/or functional foods, both of which are widely used in children. The microflora in children is plastic and susceptible to changes in response to diet modifications, antibiotic treatment, and other events. In contrast, the microbiota in adults is relatively stable, reflecting the resilience of the microbiome to external perturbations, such as antibiotic therapies. Eubiosis, i.e. a normal microflora structure, provides protection against infections, educates the immune system, ensures tolerance to foods, and contributes to nutrient digestion and energy harvest. However, changes in the microflora, i.e. the presence of too many harmful species or not enough commensal species, called dysbiosis, produce dysfunctions such as intestinal inflammation. It is becoming clear that dysbiosis plays a role in a broad range of important intestinal and extraintestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases, atopy, and obesity. Moreover, abnormal patterns of microflora have been consistently detected in specific diseases and may provide biomarkers to monitor their course.

Published
2013

50. Clostridium difficile antibodies: A patent evaluation (WO2013028810)

Author

Bartolomeo Della Ventura, Emanuele Nicastro, Andrea Lo Vecchio, Lo Vecchio, A., Della Ventura, B., and Nicastro, E.

Subjects
genetic structures, medicine.drug_class, Bacterial Toxins, Clostridium difficile toxin A, Context (language use), Monoclonal antibody, Clostridium difficile infection recurrence, Patents as Topic, Enterotoxins, Immune system, Bacterial Proteins, Drug Discovery, medicine, Secondary Prevention, Animals, Humans, Pharmacology, Antigens, Bacterial, biology, business.industry, Clostridioides difficile, Antibodies, Monoclonal, General Medicine, Clostridium difficile, Virology, Immunization, Immunology, biology.protein, Clostridium Infections, Clostridium difficile Toxin A, Monoclonal antibodies, Antibody, Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, business
Abstract

Introduction: Incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) are increasing worldwide. Toxins A (TcdA) and B (TcdB) and host immune response are the major determinates of CD pathogenesis and represent a new, stimulating therapeutic target to control CDI. Areas covered: The present patent and literature on the pathogenesis and treatment of CD were critically reviewed. The patent was described and put into clinical context, highlighting possible advantages and barriers to use. It consists of a blend of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and antigen-binding portions that neutralize TcdA, targeting the enterocyte-binding domain. It demonstrated good efficacy in in vivo models and seems promising in clinical practice. However, recent evidence reshaped the central role of TcdA. Expert opinion: Current treatments are inadequate to control CDI and recurrence. Toxin-targeted mAbs are one of the most promising approaches for CDI, including infection by hypervirulent strains. At-risk subjects and those experiencing recurrence are the ideal targets for this second-line treatment; however CDI epidemiology is fast-changing and mAbs may represent a powerful option also for other patients. The re-evaluation of the pathogenic role of TcdA may potentially limit the use of this product; however, the possible administration in combination with other therapeutic agents may optimize its efficacy. © 2013 Informa UK, Ltd.

Published
2013

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