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Offers a look at President George Bush's farewell tour which was part bittersweet, part attempt to firm up a foreign-policy agenda that would be hard for Bill Clinton to abandon. His last trip overseas as president; Polished up his diplomatic legacy and secured its future; Stop at Saudi Arabia; Trip to Somalia to visit with the soldiers he had sent into action; Went to Moscow to sign the last superpower arms-control deal of the cold-war era; More.

Explores the negative impact of the international law on the development of the United States foreign policy. Danger of legalism; View of the author regarding the difference between domestic and international life; Notions of legality and illegality in the American foreign policy; Analysis of the American policy in Panama and Nicaragua; Implication of the opening of the United States-Palestine Liberation Organization dialogue for the American foreign policy; Weaknesses of the World Court; View of the author regarding the consequences of allowing policy to be driven by legal formulas rather than by national purpose.

Presents a speech by President of the United States of America George Bush, `Resolving Global Conflicts and Disarmament,' delivered to the United Nations General Assembly in New York, New York on September 21, 1992, dealing with the importance of building economic partnerships by resolving global conflicts.

Presents the text of a speech given by U.S. Secretary of State James Baker III on June 18, 1991, which deals with the origins of the trans-Atlantic community. U.S.-German relations; Call for the extension of the trans-Atlantic community to Central and Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union; Objective of a free and whole Euro-Atlantic community.

Comments on the leadership United Nations Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali. Federalist dream of a supranational technocracy run by statement who stand outside of national loyalties; Boutros-Ghali's status in Egypt as an insider by class and an outsider by ethnicity; Views suggesting that Boutros-Ghali's status as an ethnic outsider made him a useful instrument for Egyptian President Anwar Sadat in pursuing peace with Israel; Opposition of the administration of former U.S. President George Bush to Boutros-Gali.

Focuses on the principles that should guide the United States in intervention abroad. Claim that former secretary of state Henry Kissinger's preference for foreign policy is not based on ideology but balance of power; Debate over the national security strategy of the U.S.; View that both hyper-realism and neo-Wilsonianism are, by themselves, wrong and inadequate as the basis for any future U.S. foreign policy; Implications of Kissinger's realism for foreign policy of the U.S.; Concern of Kissinger over the threat to the U.S. posed by Japan.

Reports that Iraq, Libya and Israel are test cases of U.S. President George Bush's 1992 Middle East policy and the new world order. Plan to remove the governments in those countries; Resolution of the Arab-Israeli conflict; Role of the administration of U.S. President George Bush in the Arab-Israeli peace process; Sanctions laid down on Libya by the U.S.; Withdrawal of the loan guarantees made earlier to the Israeli government by the U.S.; Statement that the new world order points to a significant change in U.S. Middle East policy, despite an apparent continuity of American interests in the region; Policy of the U.S. towards the Gulf War.

Discusses how United States President George Bush' government helped Iraq president Saddam Hussein before diplomatic relations between the countries ended. Financial aid provided by the United States to Iraq; View that the State Department and the National Security Council encouraged American companies to sell dual-use technology to Saddam that helped advance his intercontinental missile plans; Allegations that the U.S. government under the administrations of former president Ronald Reagan and Bush fed Iraq with U.S. intelligence secrets; Criticism against the Bush government for not acting immediately over Hussein's threats against his neighbor countries.

Discusses the U.S. intervention in internal affairs of Iraq. Announcement of aims beyond the retaking of Kuwait by the United Nations and President George Bush; Description of the United Nation's Resolution 688, which condemns Iraq's handling of the rebels; Broadcast by the President of his invitation to the Iraqi dissidents.

Examines U.S. President George Bush's so-called plan for New World Order (NWO) after the successful conclusion of the Persian Gulf War. Benefits from the NWO, according to the administration; Fear by many Americans that the U.S. will be the world's policeman; View by many foreigners that it will be a post-cold-war American grab for hegemony; Role of the Soviet Union in the NWO; Possible pitfalls in Bush's NWO plan which is comparable to the Truman and Eisenhower administrations' actions after World War II.

This article presents information on the international relations between the U.S. and Russia during the year 1998 as a result of the Gulf War. The Russian President Boris Yeltsin warned that a U.S. attack on Iraq could provoke World War III. The U.S. considered a nuclear attack during the Gulf War as was professed by General George Lee Butler, former Commander of the U.S. Strategic Command. Consideration of the option was a closely held secret at the highest levels of the Pentagon and White House. The U.S. nuclear policy directive reported in December 1998 explicitly allows for a nuclear strike against a so-called rogue state threatening the use of chemical or biological weapons-a significant departure from past policy.

The article discusses U.S. president George H.W. Bush's leadership during the end of the Cold War and U.S. involvement in expelling Iraq from Kuwait during the Gulf War. It compares his presidency to that of former U.S. president Dwight Eisenhower, particularly what the authors identify as their principled and gracious approach to the office and foreign relations.

Examines the ways in which United States President George Bush uses foreign policy as his most effective weapon in domestic politics. Three meetings between Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and representative groups that worked to Bush's political advantage; Compares Bush with his predecessor, Ronald Reagan.

Discusses the special circumstances that justified U.S. President George Bush's decision to invade Panama. Particular danger that Panama President Manuel Noriega was posing to Americans; Treaties requiring the Panama Canal to be turned over to Panamian authority; Role of the U.S. in inadvertently putting Noriega on the road to power; Despotism of the Noriega regime; Questions of what to do with Noriega; Panamanian justice system; Issue of sovereignty.

This article comments on the continued presence of vigilante groups in many regions of the Philippines. It discusses the implications of the vigilante groups for the counterinsurgency policy of the military, the other sources of dispute between the military and the civilian government, and the impact of the issue on the relations of the Philippines with the U.S.

Focuses on Soviet leader Boris Yeltsin's United States trip and its sponsor Esalen, a personal-awareness mecca in Big-Sur, California. Places visited by Yeltsin; Criticisms against the Yeltsin visit; Background on Esalen which played a major role in popularizing Gestalt therapy, encounter groups, rolfing and tai chi; Esalen's sponsorship of such trips through its San Francisco, California-based Soviet-American Exchange Program; Aim of the program to spread alternative peacemaking; Esalen's pioneering "space bridges," video conferences between people in the U.S. and the Soviet Union; Troubling possibilities of Yeltsin's visit.

Addresses issues concerning the diplomatic relations of the U.S. government with the Soviet Union and other communist countries. Assertion of the author that the U.S. government should further encourage the transition of Communist countries towards capitalism; Foreign relations of the U.S. government with the Soviet Union; Ways in which the U.S. government could promote the democratization of totalitarian societies.

Presents a speech by United States President George Bush, delivered to the United Nations General Assembly, New York, New York, on September 23, 1991. The challenges of building peace in the world today; The need to remain vigilant about new threats and old; Peace initiatives for the Middle East.

Analyzes the rift in U.S. Presidential candidate Bill Clinton's Democratic Party over foreign policy. Reasons why the two objectives of promoting democracy abroad and working through international institutions are not always compatible; Tension between ideals and allies existing in Asia; Rift caused in the situation when economic brain trust gets its hands on diplomatic niceties; Inclination shown by liberals to accelerate a process of demobilization that is already under way; Significance of the view of the military as a pilot project for various desirable domestic programs.

Discusses U.S. Republican Paul Tsongas' foreign policy record. Inclination of Tsongas towards tax cuts to help the U.S. corporations; Reluctance of Tsongas to use presidential power against foreign powers in geoeconomics; Advocacy of Tsongas for corporate subsidies; Opposition of Tsongas to President Ronald Reagan's Central American policy; Opinion of Tsongas about the anti-American regimes of the U.S. in Cuba, Nicaragua, Vietnam and Iran.

Focuses on the foreign policy of the United States towards Yugoslavia. Allegation that U.S. Secretary of State James Baker has contributed to the civil war in Yugoslavia; Failure of the U.S. to handle the Yugoslav crisis in the post-cold war world; Information that the main factor in the administration's mishandling of Yugoslavia was its devotion to geopolitical "stability" at the expense of democratic values and human rights; Political situation in Yugoslavia which triggered the civil war; Failure of the American policymakers to distinguish between democratic and undemocratic nationalism; Misconception of Deputy Secretary of State Lawrence Eagleburger, that ethnic hatred has given rise to the war in Yugoslavia.

Focuses on the relationship between the United States and several Middle East countries. Factors influencing the countries' relations; Reasons behind the importance given by U.S. President George Bush to Middle East over Japan despite the latter's significance on U.S. trade; Reasons for the interest of Bush in the political conditions of Middle East countries; Statement that the Middle East was certainly the most active arena of the U.S.-Soviet struggle; Benefits of the oil supplies of Iraq for the U.S.; Promise of Bush to support for Iraq's military chiefs if they would only give him his personal victory by getting rid of dictator Saddam Hussein; Statement that Bush relied on personal contacts in conducting foreign policy; Political problems faced by Israel.

Analyzes United States President George H.W. Bush's concept of the presidency, based on his actions and pronouncements leading up to his campaign for reelection. Author's description of Bush' idea of the executive as imperial half-presidency; Indulgence in rhetoric that claimed federal power could do little to solve national problems; Bush's reliance on major foreign events to intervene in his domestic inertia; Campaign strategy of proffering claims of good faith in his handling of domestic affairs.

Assesses the impact of the Persian Gulf War on the United States Democratic Party. Advantages provided by the result of the war for the Republicans; Conflict within the Democratic Party over domestic problems; Failure of the Democrats to learn from the Gulf War about their basic political liabilities; Democratic Party's goal of shifting the public's focus to domestic issues; Strategy of portraying President George Bush as being attentive to foreign policy but negligent of domestic concerns; Two schools of thought in the Democratic Party for a domestic agenda.

Comments on the debate over the war against Iraq. Argument that the American government should not limit its objectives to dislodging the Iraqis from Kuwait, or limit its means to air power; Use of the country's air superiority to keep the Iraqis pinned won in Kuwait to secure the overturning of the Baathist regime in Baghdad and central Iraq; Liberal support for the use of force against an actively expansionary regime that has all the hallmarks of totalitarianism.

Muses that while President George Bush loves the motion and intrigue of foreign affairs, on the domestic front he is a reluctant soldier, appearing to be trapped by fears of political repercussions and an unwillingness to alienate key constituencies. Leave it to Dick and John; A tree grows in Spokane. INSET: Engaged abroad distracted at home..

This article presents information on various socio-political and administrative developments in the U.S. and from around the world. The U.S. President George Bush's policy towards the gulf war and its linkages to the speech that he delivered before the joint session of the U.S. Congress. The gulf war, gave Bush the opportunity to plump for cutting the capital gains tax and against "punishing" the rich with higher marginal rates. He came out for more nuclear power and for ravaging the Alaskan wilderness in search of oil. He admitted that there will be no peace dividend and he all but promised that U.S. troops will stay in the gulf theater from here to eternity.

National Security Adviser of the U.S., Brent Scowcroft's most recent clandestine trip to Beijing, China, on behalf of U.S. President George W. Bush, delicately ignored the terrible underside of post-June Chinese politics--the waves of arrests that have punctuated life in urban China over this past half year. Ironically, Scowcroft's latest visit came at the height of the largest wave of detentions, since August. Of particular irony, Scowcroft's timing may not have been entirely to Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping's advantage. Ever since June, the perpetrators of the Beijing massacre have been caught up in internal disputes over how severe the purges of dissidents ought to be. Deng Xiaoping and his immediate allies are using the less bellicose rhetoric in an effort to reduce the number of arrests. The net result is that the campaign of repression against intellectuals has moved forward in fits and starts, with arrests coming in sporadic waves.

This essay discusses diplomatic relations between the United States, the Soviet Union, and West Germany regarding the unification of Germany regarding the role of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in Europe. It is adapted from the book "1989: The Struggle to Create Post-Cold War Europe," by Mary Elise Sarotte. It explores whether the U.S. promised to limit membership in NATO to Western European countries and exclude East Germany.

This article describes the relations of China and the U.S. as of June 1, 1991. According to the author, the relations of China and the U.S. are in disarray. China's current leaders complain of continued U.S. sanctions, the refusal of the administration of U.S. President George Bush to engage in high-level official exchanges and the deterioration in the quality of consultations on matters of common strategic interest. They protest President Bush's April 1991 meeting with the Dalai Lama, the exiled Tibetan leader. They believe the United States has sought to restrain other leading industrialized nations in the Group of Seven from restoring relations with China to the levels that existed prior to the events in Tiananmen Square in June 1989. Washington is also accused of discouraging a rapid and full restoration of lending to China by international financial institutions. And behind these charges are more deep-seated fears--of another era of U.S. global hegemonism and a U.S. design to undermine China's communist regime. Meanwhile, at least among key opinion molders in Congress and the U.S. media, China's leaders are scorned and disdained. Memories of the June 4, 1989, massacre in Beijing remain vivid in the U.S. mind.

Speculates that President George Bush lost his reelection campaign because of he failed to understand that the public desired not to abandon foreign policy but to bring it into balance with domestic policies. Public perception that America's Gulf victory was a transitory success wrapped in a larger failure; President temporized while the former Yugoslavia burned; Bush's preferred mode of competent reaction; The vision thing; The trust thing; Bill Clinton as centrist.

Explores the positive consequences of the 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union. Emergence of a fascist state; Effort of Russian official Sergei Kiriyenko to work with the World Bank and the International Finance Corp. to urge for local autonomy, restructure agriculture and industry and to privatize housing; Benefits of the U.S. from the disintegration of the Soviet Union.

Presents the recollections of the United States Army general regarding the last hours of the 1991 Persian Gulf War. His recollections of February 27, when US President George Bush made the decision to cease hostilities; The coalition's achievement of its objectives, even though it did not completely destroy all of Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein's military forces; The atmosphere among President Bush's advisors.

Focuses on the implications of the military bases of the U.S. in the Philippines. Conspiracy scenarios between the U.S. and the Philippines; Presence of U.S. forces on the Philippine soil; Decline of the importance of the military bases; Strategic arguments of the military bases; Reasons for the establishment of these bases in the Philippines; Interest of the U.S. in the political culture of the Philippines; History of relations between the U.S. and the Philippines; Statement that the bases are seen as an affront to Philippine sovereignty; Denial of the Philippine politicians that the bases protect them from foreign invaders; Economic arguments of the U.S. for the retention of bases; Statement that Philippines want the bases to be out by next year.

Criticizes President George Bush's passive response to Lithuania's efforts toward independence. Three suggested reasons for Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev's refusal to grant independence to the Baltics at the present time; Why the West appears to have accepted his policy; Call upon Bush and other top Western leaders to exert pressure on Gorbachev to change his policy.