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With the characteristics of resistance and easy storage, lactic acid bacteria, as a kind of live bacterial preparation, can increase the nutrients in livestock and poultry feeds, improve the feed quality, and thus improve the performance of livestock and poultry production, which has a broad research and application prospect. This article focuses on the types of lactic acid bacteria, the mechanism of action, the influence of the factor and its application in livestock and poultry production for the review, for the study of lactic acid bacteria fermentation feed and its application in theprocess of livestock and poultry breeding to provide some theoretical and practical reference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

炎症性肠病（inflammatory bowel disease， IBD）是一类与肠道微生物群紊乱及免疫失调密切关联的慢性复 发性炎症性肠道疾病。 唾液中一些口腔微生物菌群可抵御胃酸、胆汁酸和肠液的作用，通过口-肠微生物轴最终异 位定植于肠道中，破坏肠上皮屏障、诱导肠道免疫失衡及菌群失调，促进IBD的发生发展。具核梭杆菌及牙龈卟啉 单胞菌定植肠道后，上调及激活炎症相关信号通路，诱导促炎细胞因子分泌；具核梭杆菌通过分泌FadA粘附素参与 细菌和上皮细胞的结合与入侵，牙龈卟啉单胞菌分泌的牙龈卟啉单胞菌肽基腺嘌呤脱氨酶及牙龈蛋白酶等毒力因 子蛋白酶分离并降解紧密连接蛋白，增加肠道屏障的通透性，加重肠道炎症反应，促进IBD的发生发展。克雷伯杆 菌可激活结肠单核吞噬细胞中的炎症小体，诱导肠道炎症反应，促进IBD的发生发展。弯曲杆菌毒力因子Zot，破坏 肠上皮细胞间的紧密连接，诱导肠上皮细胞凋亡及巨噬细胞产生促炎细胞因子；和 IBD 严重程度相关的 pSma1质 粒、分泌型肠毒素B同源物Csep1，与IBD的发生发展关系密切。白色念珠菌可破坏肠道屏障的通透性，促进肠道细 菌的生长，导致肠道菌群失调，促进IBD的发生发展。链球菌通过血源感染诱导免疫细胞因子表达水平，加重肠道 炎症反应，促进IBD的发生发展。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective：To investigate the relationship between TLR2/NF ⁃ κB signaling pathway and the apoptosis and autophagy dysfunction of RSC96 cells induced by 1⁃methyl⁃4⁃phenyl⁃pyridinium(MPP+). Methods：RSC96 cells were divided into the PBS group， MPP+ group，and MPP+ + CU ⁃ CPT22 group. Cell survival rate was detected using CCK ⁃ 8 after treatment with different MPP+ concentrations(0.1，0.3，0.5，0.7，0.9 mmol/L）. Cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining. RT⁃qPCR was performed to detect the TLR2 mRNA level. Western blot was performed to detect the expression levels of apoptosis related indicators Bcl ⁃ 2/Bax，cleaved caspase⁃3/caspase⁃3，autophagy⁃related indicators LC3II/LC3I and P62，as well as TLR2 and p⁃NF⁃κB/NF⁃κB. Results：Compared with the PBS group，the cell viability of the MPP+ group decreased in a concentration ⁃ dependent manner，the number of TUNEL ⁃ staining positive cells increased，the ratio of Bcl⁃2/Bax decreased while cleaved caspase⁃3/caspase⁃3 ratio increased，as well as had a decrease in the ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ and an increase in P62 and p ⁃NF ⁃κB/NF ⁃κB ratio elvel. RT ⁃qPCR and Western blot results showed that MPP+ upregulated the expression of TLR2. In addition，compared with the MPP+ group，the MPP+ + CU ⁃ CPT22 group showed a decrease in the number of TUNEL⁃staining positive cells，an increase in Bcl⁃2/Bax level，and a decrease in cleaved caspase⁃3/ caspase ⁃ 3 ratio. Meanwhile，LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio was increased，and the P62 expression level was decreased. Conclusion：MPP+ stimulation induced apoptosis and the imbalance of autophagy in RSC96 cells，and the mechanism may be related to the activation of the TLR2/NF⁃κB signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the value of uterine arterial blood flow parameters combined with serum placental growth factor (PLGF) and pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in predicting the pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) during early pregnancy. Methods : 103 pregnant women with URSA history who were admitted to our hospital from October 2021 to October 2022 were selected. Their pregnancy outcome at 28 weeks were tracked, and they were divided into normal pregnancy group (n=26) and abortion group (n=77) according to different pregnancy outcome. The uterine artery blood flow parameters [resistance index (RI), pulsation index (PI), peak systolic flow velocity/end-diastolic flow velocity (S/D)] and serum PLGF and PAPP-A levels were compared in the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with URSA during early pregnancy. The predictive value of uterine artery blood flow parameters combined with serum PLGF and PAPP-A for pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with URSA during early pregnancy was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The PI, RI and S/D in the abortion group were significantly higher than those in the normal pregnancy group (P＜0.05), while serum PLGF and PAPP-A levels were significantly lower than those in the normal pregnancy group (P＜0.05). Logistic regression model showed that the elevated PI, RI and S/D were the risk factor for pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with URSA during early pregnancy (P＜0.05), while the elevated serum PLGF and PAPP-A levels were the protective factor (P＜0.05). ROC analysis results showed that the combination of PI, RI, S/D, PLGF, and PAPP-A had the highest efficacy in predicting the pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with URSA during early pregnancy, and the area under the curve (AUC) of combined diagnosis was 0.913, which was significantly better than the diagnosis of each index alone. Conclusion: Uterine arterial blood flow parameters combined with serum PLGF and PAPP-A have high value in predicting pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with URSA during early pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective was to screen strains with excellent disease-controlling and plant growth-promoting properties from healthy pepper rhizosphere and apply them to bio-barrier soil, so as to provide probiotic resources for biocontrol of pepper root rot. The plate confrontation method was used to screen biocontrol strains to Fusarium solani, the causal agent of pepper root rot. The nitrogen fixation, phosphate solution, potassium solution, 3-indole acetic acid(IAA), siderophore, cellulase, and protease producing capacity and degradation of phenolic acids of the strains were measured. The actinomycetes were identified by morphological, physiological, biochemical, and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. In field experiments, plant growth-promoting effects were analyzed by measuring pepper yield and disease index of root rot. A total of six strains of biocontrol actinomycetes showed an antagonistic effect on F. solani. Strain G-1 was explored for the strongest inhibition rates to the five pathogens of the vegetable in greenhouse, and the superior characters of IAA, siderophore, cellulase, protease producing, organic-phosphorus dissociation and degradation of phenolic acids. Combined with colony morphological, physiological, biochemical, and 16S rRNA phylogenetic tree analysis, strain G-1 was identified as Streptomyces fradiae. In-situ field experiment showed that the strain G-1 had obvious disease prevention effect on pepper Fusarium root rot(P<0.05). It had certain growth-promoting effect on pepper plants, and G-1 increased the yield of pepper by 31.04%. S. fradiae(G-1) is considered a probiotic resource for pepper green agriculture, and we provide superior microbial inoculants that cater to the yield of pepper and the biocontrol of Fusarium root rot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ZrO2 ceramics have the characteristics of high strength and high toughness, and are widely used in dental restorative materials. ZrO2 ceramic composites were prepared with 8 mol% Y2O3 as stabilizer and Al2O3 as additive. The effect of microwave sintering temperature at 1 300-1 450 ℃ on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrO2 ceramic composites was studied. The results showed that the ZrO2 ceramic composites prepared by microwave sintering were tetragonal structure, and no new products appeared after high temperature sintering. The half-peak width of ceramics sintered at 1 400 ℃ was the smallest, the crystallinity was the highest, the number of pores was the smallest, and the microstructure was the densest. With the increase of microwave sintering temperature, the density and hardness of ZrO2 ceramic composites first increased and then decreased. When the microwave sintering temperature was 1 400 ℃, the density and hardness of the samples reached the maximum value, 5.46 g/cm³ and 14.15 GPa respectively. With the increase of microwave sintering temperature, the bending strength and fracture toughness first increased and then decreased. When the microwave sintering temperature was 1 400 ℃, the bending strength and fracture toughness of the sample reached the maximum value, which were 566.95 MPa and 11.85 MPa·m1/2, respectively. The comprehensive analysis shows that the ZrO2 ceramic composite sintered at 1 400 ℃ has high anti-cracking ability and has broad application prospects in the field of dental restorative materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The path programming of the unmanned ground vehicle（UGV） was studied under the framework of the deep Q-network（DQN） algorithm. To improve the exploration efficiency, the DQN algorithm was applied through discretization of the continuous state into the discrete state. To balance between exploration and exploitation, the Gaussian noise was added only in the output layer of the network, and a progressive reward function was designed. Finally, experiments were carried out in the Gazebo simulation environment. The simulation results show that, first, this strategy can quickly program a collision-free route from the initial point to the target point, and the convergence speed is significantly higher than those of the Q-learning algorithm, the DQN algorithm and the noisynet＿DQN algorithm; second, this strategy has the generalization ability about the initial point, the target point and the obstacles, as well as verified effectiveness and robustness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benzenes of wide sources can cause serious air pollution. In this study, a novel enrichment sampling device based on multi-capillary column was developed and coupled to portable photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PI-TOF-MS) to highly and sensitively detect benzenes in ambient air. The enrichment sampling device was composed of seven identical HP-PLOT Q capillary columns (0.10 m×0.53 mm×40 μm) coated with polystyrene-divinylbenzene, which could achieve efficient adsorption of benzenes at room temperature. The homebuilt portable PI-TOF-MS has a volume of (0.47×0.35×0.38) m³, a weight of 35 kg, and a resolution of better than 1 000 (full width at half-maximum, FWHM) at m/z 92. Benzene, toluene and p-xylene gas diluted by nitrogen were used to optimize the operating parameters of the whole system. The optimal sampling flow rate was selected as 500 mL/min, the enrichment time was 4 min, the thermal desorption temperature was 160 ℃, and the analytical time for single sample was less than 10 min. Compared with direct sampling, the signal intensities of benzene, toluene and p-xylene were enhanced by 130, 220 and 255 folds under the optimal conditions, respectively. The linearity, limit of quantitation (LOQ) and stability of the system were evaluated. As a result, the linear concentration range of 6.96-1 741.05 μg/m3 for benzene, 8.21-2 053.55 μg/m³ for toluene, and 9.46-2 366.05 μg/m³ for p-xylene were obtained with the correlation coefficients (R²) of 0.993 8, 0.999 7 and 0.999 1, respectively. The limits of quantification (LOQs, S/N=10) were 0.78, 0.63 and 0.76 μg/m³, respectively. The relative standard deviations of the signal strengths for the three compounds were less than 6% during seven analytical cycles. Finally, the developed multi-capillary column enrichment portable PI-TOF-MS was used for comparative analysis of indoor and outdoor air in the laboratory. As a consequence, toluene and p-xylene were detected in both indoor and outdoor air of the laboratory. The indoor concentrations of the two compounds were 2.6 and 23.3 μg/m³, respectively, which were much lower than the legal limit concentrations. Due to better ventilation, the outdoor concentrations of toluene and p-xylene were 0.5 and 16.4 μg/m³, respectively. In addition, ethanol, methanthiol, acetone, etc. were also detected in indoor air of the laboratory, which may come from human exhalations or chemical reagent emissions. The results showed that the instrument can meet the requirements of trace benzenes detection in ambient air, and has broad application prospects in the field of on-site environmental analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have strong antibacterial activity and are extensively used in the medical and pharmaceutical industries. As a good substitute for chemical surfactants, biosurfactants are used as dispersants to synthesize nanoparticles (NPs), which are green and environ-mentally friendly. Lipopeptide biosurfactant (BS3096) was produced by the fer-mentation of Brevibacillus borstelensis isolated from an oil field. BS3096 was then used as dispersant and stabilizer to synthesize Ag NPs. The synthesized Ag NPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, laser particle-size analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. Antibacterial evaluation was performed considering the synergistic effect with surfactants. Results show that the synthesized Ag NPs has good dispersion stability with an average particle size of 23 nm and had strong antibacterial activity against Bacillus alkalitelluris (Gram-positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli DH5α (Gram-negativebacteria). Results of scanning electron microscopy show that Ag NPs exerte a strong destructive effect on bacterial-cell membranes, verifying that the antibacterial mechanism of Ag NPs on bacteria is membrane damage and that bacterial death is caused by the leakage of intracellular substances. Hence, the Ag NPs synthesized using lipopeptide biosurfactant has good antibacterial activity and are a potentially efficient antibacterial material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To identify M1 macrophage-related genes in rejection after kidney transplantation and construct a risk prediction model for renal allograft survival. Methods GSE36059 and GSE21374 datasets after kidney transplantation were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GSE36059 dataset included the samples from the recipients with rejection and stable allografts. Using this dataset, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential analysis were conducted to screen the M1 macrophage-related differentially expressed gene (M1-DEG). Then, GSE21374 dataset (including the follow-up data of graft loss) was divided into the training set and validation set according to a ratio of 7∶3. In the training set, a multivariate Cox’s model was constructed using the variables screened by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and the ability of this model to predict allograft survival was evaluated. CIBERSORT was employed to analyze the differences of infiltrated immune cells between the high-risk group and low-risk group, and the distribution of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-related genes was analyzed between two groups. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to further clarify the biological process and pathway enrichment in the high-risk group. Finally, the database was employed to predict the microRNA (miRNA) interacting with the prognostic genes. Results In the GSE36059 dataset, 14 M1-DEG were screened. In the GSE21374 dataset, Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8), Fc gamma receptor 1B (FCGR1B), BCL2 related protein A1 (BCL2A1), cathepsin S (CTSS), guanylate binding protein 2(GBP2) and caspase recruitment domain family member 16 (CARD16) were screened by LASSO-Cox regression analysis, and a multivariate Cox’s model was constructed based on these 6 M1-DEG. The area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic of this model for predicting the 1- and 3-year graft survival was 0.918 and 0.877 in the training set, and 0.765 and 0.736 in the validation set, respectively. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed that the infiltration of rest and activated CD4+ memory T cells, γδT cells and M1 macrophages were increased in the high-risk group (all P<0.05). The expression level of HLA I gene was up-regulated in the high-risk group. GSEA analysis suggested that immune response and graft rejection were enriched in the high-risk group. CTSS interacted with 8 miRNA, BCL2A1 and GBP2 interacted with 3 miRNA, and FCGR1B interacted with 1 miRNA. Conclusions The prognostic risk model based on 6 M1-DEG has high performance in predicting graft survival, which may provide evidence for early interventions for high-risk recipients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: At present, the possible risk factors and pathogenesis of the recurrent vertebral fractures after injection of calcium phosphate cement in percutaneous kyphoplasty are still controversial. The main points are related to the clinical characteristics of patients and surgical related factors. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of the recurrent fractures in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture after injection of calcium phosphate cement in percutaneous kyphoplasty. METHODS: The clinical data of 162 patients (191 vertebrae) with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from February 2016 to February 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients, aged 51-88 years, were treated with kyphoplasty and injection of calcium phosphate cement. All patients were followed up for more than 2 years. There were 34 cases (44 vertebrae) with refracture after operation, and 128 cases (147 vertebrae) without refracture as control group. The age, sex ratio, bone cement injection volume, unilateral or bilateral puncture, symmetrical distribution of bone cement across the midline, leakage of bone cement, contact of bone cement with upper and lower endplates, number of fractured vertebral bodies before operation, distribution of fractured vertebral bodies before operation, compression degree of fracture before operation, taking anti-osteoporosis drugs after operation, bone mineral density before operation and old vertebral fractures before operation, Cobb angle change after operation and recovery rate of anterior edge height after operation were compared between the two groups. Univariate independent sample t-test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were significant differences between the two groups in age, symmetrical distribution of bone cement across the midline and distribution of bone cement on endplate (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in other indexes (P > 0.05). (2) Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (P=0.006, OR=1.086), bone cement contact with the upper and lower endplates (P=0.025, OR=2.516) and bone cement in the vertebral body without midline symmetry (P=0.012, OR=0.344) were independent risk factors for recurrent vertebral fractures. (3) The results showed that the elderly status of patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, bone cement contacting the upper and lower endplates at the same time and not crossing the midline symmetry were independent risk factors for the new fracture after percutaneous kyphoplasty. The different distribution of bone cement in the vertebrae affected the new fracture by changing the internal stress of the vertebrae and the spinal line of force. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the distribution characteristics of geological attributes, obtain the attribute values of unknown points in the 3D geological body and realize automatic interpolation, the spatial interpolation of the 3D geological attribute body was proposed by using multidimensional scaling (MDS) and adaptive boosting regression (ABR). In spatial interpolation, the attribute value of unknown points was closely related to the attribute value, distance, and anisotropy of its nearest sample points. MDS was used to reduce the dimension of these factors to obtain one-dimensional factors. Then the ABR interpolation model was established to obtain unknown points. finally, MF was used to reduce the discontinuity which was caused by ABR, and automatic interpolation was realized. By comparing the Ordinary Kriging method, the results show that this method simplified the cumbersome process of artificial semi-variation analysis in the Kriging method and realize automatic interpolation. at the same time, it avoid the limitation that the known sample points must comply with the specific random field when using Kriging interpolation in the geological zone of the non-specific random field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the problem that the existing cardiopulmonary resuscitation（CPR）machines could not be adaptively adjusted according to the various situations of patients, an intelligent CPR machine based on the impedance control was designed. Firstly, the transmission scheme and structure of the CPR machine were introduced. The planned process of closed cardiac massage by using the force compliance of impedance control was introduced. The proposed machine could adjust the pressing movement according to the current situation of the patient. Then, the pumping effect and potential fracture risk of each closed cardiac massage were monitored. Based on the pumping effect and fracture risk, a fuzzy controller was designed. The fuzzy control was used for the adjustment of impedance parameters, and the trajectory of the pressing process was generated by the impedance controller. Finally, semi-physical experiments were carried out using the medical human body model and the mathematical model built by the computer. The compression effects of intelligent cardiopulmonary resuscitation machine and traditional cardiopulmonary resuscitation machine were compared. The experimental results show that the compression depth of the intelligent CPR machine reaches 5 cm to 7 cm. Comparing with the traditional CPR machine, the intelligent CPR machine increases the PETCO2 by 4.58 mmHg; on the premise of restoring the patient’s ability to breathe spontaneously, the proposed CPR machine can reduce the harm of closed cardiac massage to the patient and ensure safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the swaying problem of actuator faults, a fault diagnosis method based on multi-angle feature extraction is proposed. The short-time analysis idea is used to frame the actuator data to obtain a short-stable time series. The energy-entropy-ratio concept is introduced to extract the current features of actuator datum frame. Dynamic time-regular thoughts to extract positional characteristics within the actuator data frame is utilized. A multi-angle feature to enhance the significance of input characteristics is formed. On this basis, the bidirectional long-short term memory network is used to improve the accuracy of the subsequent actuator fault classification process. Finally, by the measured data from a certain type actuator swaying, the validity of the proposed method is verified by the comparing with the traditional short term memory network methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to analyze the mechanical properties of simply-supported skew box girder bridge and study its spatial force characteristics, a simply-supported skew box girder bridge was taken as the background with skew angle 30°. Based on the grillage method, the finite element model of straight bridge and skew bridge were established. The reaction forces, deformations and internal forces of main girder of straight bridge and skewed bridge were compared and analyzed. The results show that the reaction force at the acute angle of the skew bridge is smaller than that of the straight bridge, and the support reaction force at the obtuse angle is much larger than that of the straight bridge. Obvious plane rotation phenomenon which manifesting as the overall rotation of the bridge deck in the direction of the obtuse angle to the acute angle at the supporting edge is showed in the skew bridge. The maximum torque for side beam of the skew bridge is 2. 06 times that of the straight bridge. The torsional capacity of the skew bridge box girder can be greatly improved by increasing the web thickness and encrypting the stirrups. The research results can provide reference for the study of the force performance of simply-supported skew box girder bridge and the design of similar engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the status and hotspots of global tuberculosis (TB) research from 2016 to 2021 based on bibliometric methods. Methods Based on the Web of Science Core Collection Database, we indexed“articles”and“reviews”related to TB from Jan 1, 2016 to Nov 18, 2021. Using VOS viewer to cluster the published features, highly cited papers, key research directions and subject headings, a summary of research hotspots was formed. Results A total of 22 264 articles were retrieved. The United States (5 026 papers, 22.57%) published the most papers, with an average citation frequency of 12.55, and Chinese mainland ranked the third (3 116 papers, 14.00%), with an average citation frequency of 6.38. The four most influential research areas were infectious diseases, microbiology, immunology, and respiratory system. The hotspots obtained after the clustering of keyword topics were epidemiological research including disease burden assessment, TB prevention regarding to latent TB infection treatment and TB vaccine development, TB rapid molecular diagnosis and immunology diagnosis technology, anti-TB drugs and treatment for drug resistant TB, TB infection immune response and pathogenic mechanism. Conclusion In the past six years, TB research focused on disease burden and various new diagnostic methods, treatment methods, and preventive measures. Drug-resistant tuberculosis patients, childhood tuberculosis patients, and HIV-infected patients were the key populations for research. TB research needs to be sustainable during COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nano-clusters based materials have received increasing attention as smart materials owing to their unique optical, electronic properties, which make their promising for a wide range of applications, such as catalysis, sensors, and drug delivery, which will expand the science of clusters. A lot of efforts have been devoted to preparing nano-scale materials with controllable size and structure in order to achieve enhanced performances in certain applications. Mass spectrometry has been widely used for characterization of clusters with different m/z. Ion mobility spectrometry combined with mass spectrometry (IM-MS) is a new technique for characterization of mental nano-clusters, which can provide the information of both structure and m/z. In this review, we compared the advantages and disadvantages between IM-MS and single crystal diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy. The principles of different IMS including travelling-wave ion mobility spectrometry, drift tube ion mobility spectrometry and differentia mobility spectrometry were introduced. Then, the structures of different commercial IM-MS were summarized and their applications for the characterization of nanocluster were introduced, which would help to expand the ion-chemistry of atomically precise clusters. The formation of ligated metal clusters through solution-phase chemical reduction is of interest due to their sizes and structures with tunable properties. Possible isomers in ligand protected Au and Ag cluster ions have been selectively detected and identified by ion mobility mass spectrometry. The structures for vanadium oxide cluster, chromium oxide cluster, nickel oxide cluster, cerium oxide cluster, titanium oxide cluster were investigated and confirmed based on the comparisons between the measured collision cross section and the theoretical simulation. Finally, the development tendency in future were discussed and prospected. Possible tendency was suggested as following: 1) IM-MS with higher resolution should be developed to measure the size and structure of metal clusters especially for isomers. 2) For the preparation of metal cluster with size and structure selected, the clusters with special property can be obtained through the combination of IM-MS with soft deposition device, the properties of such isomers and the insights they provide on the chemistry of monolayer-protected clusters would be subjects of a future study. 3) Comparing both experimental and theoretical collision cross section would aid in characterizing clusters and exploration of the dynamic equilibrium between isomer with different structures. 4) The relationship between the structure of metal cluster and the measured reduced mobility should be investigated and the corresponding fundamental database should be set up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The various adsorbents were prepared separately to evaluate dye adsorption performance of common functional groups containing N or 0 atoms. The adsorption experiments of cationic methylene blue (MB) and anionic methyl orange ( MO) were conducted for different products. The results showed that cationic MB dye could only be adsorbed by products containing - COO or - 503, while anionic MO dye can only be adsorbed by products containing - N (CH3)3+. The other functional groups containing N or 0 atoms, including - OH, - CONH2, - NH2, C- 0- C, C=0, R3N, R1 -COO-R2, have no adsorption reaction to dyes. Furthermore, the adsorption mechanism has also been confirmed from charge conservation theory and mass transferring process. This study determined that electrostatic attraction is the only adsorption force to dyes, rather than hydrogen bond, which might give an insight to the future development of adsorbents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the opportunistic screening results of malignant tumors of the digestive tract,summarize experience and provide basis for clinical work and community education.Methods The data of patients who completed gastrointestinal endoscopy in the digestive endoscopy center of the Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing from November 2017 to October 2020 were collected to analyze the prevalence and distribution of malignant tumors.Results A total 25 318 patients (11 532 males and 13 786 females) completed gastrointestinal endoscopy and 301 patients (218 males and 83 females) were found to have malignant tumors.The prevalence of malignant tumors was 1.19%,and that of males (1.89%) was significantly higher than that of females (0.60%).The prevalence of colorectal cancer was (2.19%,146/6 658) significantly higher than that of gastric cancer (0.83%,155/18 660).The prevalence of poorly differentiated cancer in females was significantly higher than that in males.The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).The number of malignant tumor cases increased with age,and the population over 50 years old accounted for 95. 35% of the total population.Conclusion Men and the low diagestive tract are nore prone to malignant tumors.Opportunistic screening can effectively detect gastrointestinal malignancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the problem of flexibility brought by the existing recommendation algorithm which only considers the recommendation of the same category of products, and improves the sales volume of products and the shopping experience of users, this paper proposed an accurate marketing recommendation algorithm based on customer preference analysis, which could not only accurately recommend products for customers, but also provide potential customers to businesses. Specifically, at first, based on the purchase information of customers and their neighbors in the product purchase network, it expanded the customers' purchase information. Then, it designed a method for calculating the customers' product preference weight, analyzed the customers' purchase preferences, and provided customers with personalized recommendations for products under the guidance of customers portraits. Finally, based on the sample customers provided by businesses, it mined the community formed by customers who were similar to the sample customer to provide accurate customer maintenance and potential customer recommendation for businesses. Experiments on real datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. This algorithm pays attention to both customers and businesses, and realizes two directions of product and customer recommendation. This algorithm provides useful help for the research of personalized recommendation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: For complex intertrochanteric fractures, there is lack of effective preoperative planning, which lead to prolonged operation time and increased difficulty. At the same time, the application of digital orthopedics three-dimensional (3D) visualization technology in the operation of intertrochanteric fracture lacks clinical application verification. OBJECTIVE: 3D visualization technology for digital orthopedics can be used to clarify the displacement of complex intertrochanteric fractures and realize preoperative simulated reduction and fixation, thus providing ideas and methods for intraoperative reduction and fixation of complex intertrochanteric fractures. METHODS: Patients with complex intertrochanteric fractures (AO typing: A2 and A3) admitted to Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2019 to January 2020 were selected and randomly divided into Mimics 3D reconstruction simulation reduction group and control group according to the order of admission. According to medical procedures, all the patients were implemented with plain X-ray examination of the affected hip and CT scanning of the affected hip. Patients in the Mimics 3D reconstruction simulation reduction group achieved 3D reconstruction through Mimics 17.0 software, and then the shattered fracture blocks were simulated reduction and fixation. Patients in the control group were treated with internal fixation only according to preoperative imaging examination. Data were collected to compare the differences between the two groups in terms of operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hip reduction quality score, and hip function during follow-up. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The operation time was significantly shorter in the Mimics 3D reconstruction simulation reduction group than that in the control group, and intraoperative blood loss was significantly reduced in the Mimics 3D reconstruction simulation reduction group compared with the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). (2) The excellent and good rate of hip reduction quality score was significantly higher in the Mimics 3D reconstruction simulation reduction group (96%) than that in the control group (82%) (P < 0.05). (3) The hip function score was significantly higher in the Mimics 3D reconstruction simulation reduction group (95.7±5.8) points than that in the control group (82.9±10.2) points 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05). (4) The results confirmed that for complex femoral intertrochanteric fractures, preoperative 3D reconstruction simulations by Mimics software reset can help to get a comprehensive understanding of fracture displacement, detailed guide the choice of intraoperative fracture reduction and internal fixation, help to shorten the operation time, lessen intraoperative blood loss, and improve the curative effect of intertrochanteric fracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

吻合口瘘是消化道外科手术后较为严重的并发症之一,既往术后吻合口瘘主要通过二次手术 或保守营养支持等治疗进行处理。近年来,随着消化内镜技术的发展,特别是内镜下縫合技术的提高使用內 鏡下各种材料进行外科术后吻合口瘘的缝合成为可能。该文报道了1例胃大部切除术后多发瘘进行内镜下缝 合治疗的过程,以期为內外科协作提供更多的思路。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the concentration and efficacy of rifampicin (RIF) in cerebrospinal fluid during intrathecal injection of RIF in the treatment of tuberculous meningitis. Methods: Forty patients with tuberculous meningitis were randomly divided into two groups according to the admission criteria, and both groups were given HRZE regimen, A1 group was non-intrathecal injection control group, A2 group was given intrathecal injection of rifampicin 40 mg + dexamethasone 2.5 mg once a day, and the concentration of RIF in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (expressed by bCxh and cCxh) was monitored at 0 h, 4 h and 8 h, respectively. Results: At the 0th hour, the value of RIF in cerebrospinal fluid in A2 group was significantly higher than that in A1 group, P < 0.01. The concentration of rifampicin in serum reached the peak at 4 h, and the concentration of rifampicin in cerebrospinal fluid was higher at 8 h (cC8 h), 3.34 (1.03, 51.60) µg/mL, The results showed that there were significant differences in cC0 h, cC4 h and cC8 h (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Intrathecal injection of RIF helps to increase the concentration of RIF in cerebrospinal fluid, and the curative effect is more significant. Intrathecal injection of Rifampin can keep the concentration of Rifampin at a high level at the 8th hour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the dynamic expressions of serum miR-122 and miR-155 during the liver injury induced by valproate (VPA) in young mice and their relationship with liver injury. Methods Kunming mice aged 4 weeks were randomly divided into control groups (n=30) and experimental groups (n=56) according to random number table method. Seven experimental groups were given VPA 375 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 for 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days consecutively. While five control groups were given 1 mL normal saline daily for 1 day, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days. The serum samples and liver tissues of each group were collected. The pathological changes of liver tissue were observed by HE staining. The activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. The serum expression levels of miR-122 and miR-155 were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results The histopathological results showed that liver cells had different degrees of vacuolar degeneration in the experimental groups. A small number of inflammatory cells were observed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes on the day 3, 5, 7, a large number of hepatocytes were denatured and necrotic on day 21 and regenerated on day 28. It showed a trend of decreasing-increasing on ALT and AST. The expression level of miR-122 was down-regulated in the experimental group after administration, decreased to the lowest level on day 7 (decreased by 81%), and then up-regulated. However, the expression trend of miR-155 was opposite to that of miR-122, reached the peak on day 7, which was 2.88 times that of the control group. MiR-122 was positively correlated with ALT and AST (rs= 0.965 and 0.900, respectively, P＜0.05), while miR-155 was negatively correlated with AST (rs=-0.811, P＜0.05). Conclusion MiR-122 and miR-155 are involved in the occurrence of VPA drug-induced liver injury and are expected to become the early warning indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on water footprint theory, this paper calculated the water footprint of three food crops (wheat, soybean and corn) in Anhui, Henan, Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi provinces of China from 2006 to 2015 by using relevant meteorological and agricultural data. According to the situation of water resources and the water footprint in each province, the planting structure of main grain crops in the central five provinces was adjusted in order to improve the utilization efficiency of water resources. The results show that a)in terms of time series, the water footprints of soybean, wheat and corn show no significant change trend; b) from the perspective of water type, proportion of blue water footprint of soybean is the largest (21.60%), while wheat and corn account for 8.76% and 16.33% respectively; c) according to the results of comprehensive water footprint, the water resources efficiency of grain crops is in order of Anhui, Henan, Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi provinces from high to low; d) as the aspect of spatial distribution characteristics, the spatial distribution difference of water footprint of soybean is the largest in the five provinces; Henan Province has the largest water footprint of soybean(4.09 m ³ / kg), while Hunan province is only 2.11 m ³/kg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of different T lymphocyte polyclonal antibodies in renal transplantation from donor kidney of organ donation after citizen's death. Methods Clinical data of 691 donors and recipients undergoing renal transplantation from donor kidney of organ donation after citizen's death were retrospectively analyzed. According to different T lymphocyte polyclonal antibodies used for induction, all recipients were divided into the rabbit anti human T lymphocyte immunoglobulin (rALG) group (n=414) and rabbit anti human thymocyte immunoglobulin (rATG) group (n=277). The recovery of renal graft function in recipients of the two groups were collected, including the incidence of delayed graft function (DGF) and acute rejection (AR), and the changes of serum creatinine level after renal transplantation. The 1-year survival rate of the recipients and renal grafts was collected. The incidence of adverse effects within 1 year after operation was calculated. According to the DGF risk score of donors, all recipients were divided into 5 groups. The use proportion of rALG and rATG in the recipients of each group was calculated. Results The incidence of DGF in the recipients of rALG and rATG groups was 14.5% (60/414) and 11.9% (33/277), respectively. The duration of DGF in the recipients of rALG and rATG groups was (7±4) d and (12±7) d respectively, with no statistically significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). The incidence of AR in the rALG group was 7.5% (31/414), significantly higher than 4.0% (11/277) in the rATG group (P<0.05). The serum creatinine levels of recipients within 6 months after renal transplantation tended to gradually decline in both groups. In renal transplantation for donor kidney with a DGF risk score of 0-15, the use proportion of rALG was significantly higher than that of rATG. However, the use proportion of rATG was significantly higher than that of rALG in renal transplantation for donor kidney with a DGF risk score over 16 (P<0.05). The 1-year survival rates of the recipients and renal grafts in the rALG and rATG groups were 99.8% and 99.6%, 98.1% and 98.2%, respectively. There was no significant difference between two groups (both P>0.05). The incidence of acute pulmonary edema and leukopenia in the recipients of rATG group was significantly higher than that in the rALG group (both P<0.05). Conclusions Both rALG and rATG can effectively reduce the incidence of DGF and AR and achieve good clinical efficacy after renal transplantation from donor kidney of organ donation after citizen's death. The incidence of leukopenia and acute pulmonary edema induced by rATG is higher than that by rALG in the renal transplant recipients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

长链非编码RNA是控制肿瘤发生的各种生物过程的中枢调节因子,长链非编码RNA核内小RNA宿主基因14(SNHG14)作为一种重要肿瘤相关因子,在肿瘤发生发展中起重要作用。SNHG14在肺癌、胰腺癌、结直肠癌、卵巢癌、膀胱癌、乳腺癌、胃癌和宫颈癌等多种恶性肿瘤中的表达上调,并与肿瘤分期、淋巴结转移和肿瘤大小有关;同时,SNHG14可通过调节mi RNA和蛋白质水平,促进细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和抑制细胞凋亡。因此,SNHG14可以作为恶性肿瘤的生物标志物和治疗靶点。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the application value of lung cancer-related gene methylation in lung cancer diagnosis. Methods Sixty patients with lung cancer underwent surgery were selected as the case group., and 65 patients with benign lung lesions treated in the same period were recruited as the control group. The methylation levels of lung cancer-related genes including dying-associated protein kinase (DAPK), 0-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), APC gene promoter IA ( APCIA) and epithelial mucoprotein gene ( ECAD) in the blood samples of two groups of patients were mialyzed by methylated PCR-specific method. The relationship between methylation of lung cancer-related genes and lung cancer was analyzed and its diagnostic value in lung cancer was evaluated. Results The methylation detection rates of DAPK, MGMT, APCIA and ECAD in the case group were 68.3%·, 68.3%·, 63.3%· and 65.0%, respectively, all higher than those of the control group ( all P<0.05). The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that DAPK (OR= 0. 709), MGMT (OR= 0. 793), APCI A ( OR= 0. 163), and ECAD ( OR=2.047) were all independent influencing factors for lung cancer ( all P<0.05). Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curve showed that, the area under the curve ( AUC) of DAPK, MGMT, APC I A and ECAD methylation test for lung cancer predicting were 0. 623, 0. 680 ., 0. 620 and 0. 648, respectively, while the AUC of the combined four gene methylation for lung cancer predicting was 0. 829, higher than the AUC of eah gene ( all P< 0. 05). Conclusion The combined methylation detection of multiple lung cancer related genes can improve the diagnostic value of lung cancer., contribute to the early diagnosis of lung cancer, and have potentianlly clinical application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 观察磁共振弥散张量成像（DTI）技术在脊柱内镜精准减压治疗腰椎管狭窄症中的应用效果。方法 选择 35 例存在至少一侧下肢症状的腰椎管狭窄症患者, 行 MRI检查, 使用磁共振后处理工作站进行 DTI 分 析, 从 DTI 图像的双侧 L5 及 S1 神经根在神经根与硬膜囊交接处, 椎间孔处, 椎间孔外下位椎间水平 3 个不同平面选 取感兴趣区域, 测量各位点的各向异性分数 (FA)值。根据 FA 值确定减压部位, 脊柱内镜采用后方经椎板间通道手 术系统, 对受累神经实现精准减压。于术前 1 周, 术后次日及术后 3 个月, 采用视觉模拟评分 (VAS) 评价患侧下肢疼 痛程度; 术后 3 个月行 MRI 检查, 测量 FA 值, 与术前及健测进行比较; 术后 3 个月行 CT 和 MR 检查, 观察责任神经的 影像学恢复情况。结果 患者术后次日, 术后 3 个月 VAS 均较术前降低, 术后 3 个月患侧 L5 及 S1 神经根 FA 值较术 前升高 (P均<0. 05)。CT 检查显示术后椎管扩大, 受累神经压迫解除, 腰椎稳定性未遭到破坏; MRI 检查显示患侧责 任神经 DTI 神经纤维成像较术前明显增粗，提示神经恢复良好。结论 通过磁共振 DTI 成像技术指导脊柱内镜精 准治疗腰椎管狭窄症患者, 有良好的疗效和安全性。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) in the storage of renal grafts from deceased donor (DD) with high-risk delayed graft function (DGF). Methods Clinical data of 52 donors with high-risk DGF were collected in this prospective randomized controlled study. Two renal grafts from each donor were randomly divided into the HMP group («=52) and static cold storage (SCS) group (n=52). In the HMP group, the renal grafts were stored by LifePort under HMP, whereas the renal grafts in the SCS group were preserved in University of Wisconsin solution (UW solution). The incidence of DGF and primary nonfunction (PNF) after renal transplantation was statistically compared between two groups. The recovery of renal graft function, the survival rates of the recipients and renal grafts within postoperative 1 year were observed in two groups. Results The incidence of DGF in the HMP group was 4%(2/52), significantly lower than 17% (9/52) in the SCS group (.P<0.05). No PNF was reported in the I IMP groupand 1 case of PND was noted in the SCS group, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The recovery time of graft function of the recipients in the HMP and SCS groups were (7.2 ± 0.6) d and (7.7 ± 1.0) d with no statistical significance (/f>0.05). In the HMP group, the urine volume of the recipients on the day of operation, postoperative 1 and 2 d was significantly larger than that in the SCS group (all .P<0.05). In the HMP group, the levels of scrum creatinine at each time point after operation were significantly lower than those in the SCS group (all .P<0.05). The 1-ycar survival rates of the recipient and kidney were 98.1%, 92.3% and 100%, 96.2% in the IIMP and SCS groups with no statistical significance (all F^O.05). Conclusions IIMP can significantly reduce the incidence of DGF after renal transplantation from DD with high-risk DGF and promote the early recovery of graft function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive and metabolic disorder in women of childbearing age. It is often accompanied by metabolic abnormalities such as obesity, insulin resistance, androgen excess, and dyslipidemia. The metabolic disorder of PCOS is more complicated than simple reproductive disorders. Newly discovered myokine-Irisin is abnormally expressed in PCOS patients, which mainly induces "browning" of white adipose tissue, thereby increasing heat production and energy consumption. Previous studies shows that Irisin plays a protective role in obesity, type Ⅱ diabetes, lipid metabolism and cardiovascular diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver and other metabolic disorders, but its role in the study of the occurrence and progression of PCOS disease is still unclear. Learning the role of Irisin in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders in patients with PCOS provides new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of PCOS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adaptive characteristics of a resilient system (plan- absorb- recover- adapt) provide supports for ecological restoration and guidances for coastal spatial planning. In this research, we took coastal area of Mulanwan in Hainan province as a case study to estimate desertification mitigation and adaptation based on resilience theory. We developed a methodology of land spatial planning according to the analysis of vulnerability and ecosystem services in our study area. Our results show that: (1) Dry land and sand (21.8% of the total area) were identified as high vulnerability area, forests, water and wetlands (67.5% of the total area) were classified as areas with high ecosystem services; (2) Redeveloping restoration areas were mainly identified in fishing ponds and dry lands (16.4% of the total area), artificial restoration area was located on dry land and windward side (5.5% of the total area), and conservative zone was mainly covered by sands (15.8% of the total area). System's responses to human- related and environmental pressures can be characterized by overlapping the maps of vulnerability and ecosystem services, which addresses the integrated management and resilient restoration in coastal areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of calcitriol combined with peritoneal dialysis in the treatment of chronic renal failure and its effects on the serum ProGRP, Cysc and Chemerin levels. Methods: 98 patients with chronic renal failure who were treated from February 2017 to January 2018 in our hospital were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table, those patients were divided into the observation group (n=47) and the control group (n=51). The control group was treated with peritoneal dialysis, while the observation group treated with Calcitriol combined with peritoneal dialysis. The changes of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), 24-hour urinary protein (24-hour UP), albumin (Alb), hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), gastrin-releasing peptide precursor (ProGRP), serum CysC and Chemerin levels before and after treatment, 6-month and 1-year survival rates as well as the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups. Results: After treatment, the BUN, SCr and 24hUP levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group [(13.95 ± 3.06)mmol/L vs. (21.10 ± 3.85)mmol/L, (260.12± 40.32) μmol/L vs. (354.93± 51.06) μmol/L, (1.75± 0.45)g/24 h vs. (2.67± 0.80)g/24 h](P<0.05). The Alb level was significantly lower than that of the control group [(27.85± 3.58)g/L vs. (33.06± 4.27)g/L](P＜0.05). The Hb and RBC were significantly higher than those in the control group[(91.72± 13.46)g/L vs. (82.36± 10.15)g/L, (379.47± 92.08)× 1012/L vs(315.70± 73.24)× 1012/L](P<0.05). ProGRP and Chemerin levels were significantly lower than those in the control group [(49.23± 4.72) pg/mL vs. (63.87± 7.30) pg/mL, (37.02± 6.15)滋g/L vs. (30.63± 4.81)μg/L](P<0.05). The Cysc level was significantly higher than that of control group [(80.75± 16.08) ml/min vs. (98.81± 18.07)ml/min](P＜0.05). The 6-month and 1-year survival rates were significantly higher than those in the control group[96.08%(49/51) vs.91.49%(43/47), 90.20%(46/51) vs.74.47%(35/47)](P<0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower than that in the control group [17.65%(9/51) vs.44.68%(21/47)](P<0.05). Conclusion: Calcitriol combined with peritoneal dialysis has a better clinical effect on chronic renal failure than single use. It can effectively alleviate the clinical symptoms, correct the electrolyte disturbance, improve the renal function and prognosis. It may be related to lower the serum levels of ProGRP, Cysc, Chemerin and increase the serum levels of Cysc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

为了进一步规范肾移植围手术期处理操作技术，中华医学会器官移植学分会组织器官移植学专家 从肾移植术后一般监护与处理，受者液体管理与相关并发症的处理，受者电解质、酸碱代谢管理等方面，制订肾 移植围手术期处理操作技术规范。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most prevalent kind of renal calculi, calcium oxalate（ CaOx）, is characterized by its propensity for recurrence in the urinary system. The development of CaOx renal calculi is greatly affected by macrophage polarization. Particular oxalate causes an imbalance in macrophage polarization, which skews the M1/M2 ratio and makes it easier for CaOx crystals to accumulate in the kidneys and grow into calcium plaques in the renal papilla. Notably, M2 macrophages can prevent CaOx renal calculi by consuming crystals and reducing inflammatory stress. As a result, immunotherapeutic techniques that alter M1 and M2 macrophage polarization are extremely promising for preventing CaOx renal calculi. To clarify the respective roles of M1 and M2 macrophages in the formation of CaOx crystals and provide insights for developing immunotherapeutic interventions against CaOx renal calculi, this review summarizes the mechanisms underlying macrophage polarization in the genesis of CaOx renal calculi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper firstly investigated the theoretical foundation and protocol framework involved in the multi-agent rendezvous problem. Secondly, it reviewed the main research results in the multi-agent rendezvous problem in recent years, and included basically the multi-agent rendezvous problem of preserving topology connectivity, improving disturbances ability and agent with resource constraints, and discussed the mainstream control methods in detail. It also summarized the multi-agent rendezvous protocol optimization, such as reducing the system power consumption and improving convergence speed. Finally, it proposed some future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coal mass is often affected by consecutive loading-unloading cycles in coal mining, so the study of energy conversion and failure mechanism of coal mass under repeated loads has a guiding significance for understanding the mine dynamic disasters. By using MTS815. 03 servo experimental system, the uniaxial loading cycle tests were performed for the mechanism of energy accumulation, dissipation, and release in the failure process of coal sample under different loading rates, and the fragmentation distribution was also analyzed based on the theoretical analysis of energy and fractal. It provides a basis for the study of burst response and failure mechanism of coal and rock under cyclic loading. The experimental results show that the phasic characteristics of energy conversion are obvious, which can be divided into three stages:initial energy accumulation stage, accelerated energy accumulation stage and fast energy dissipation stage. The proportion of energy dissipation of coal samples encounters the course from high to low again to high. The elastic energy has an opposite trend of change, the proportion of elastic energy drops or the proportion dissipated energy increases at the later stage of loading, the coal samples enter the accelerated failure stage. The energy dissipation and the energy release are closely related with the loading rate. With the increase of loading rate, the proportion of elastic energy increases before the peak stress, sample is damaged severely after the peak stress and its macro failure mode transits from shear tension and splitting failure to ejection failure. Because more energy is stored in the coal sample body in the form of elastic energy before the coal sample is destroyed, and more energy is released after the rock is destroyed, which makes the coal sample destroyed more severely. The phasic characteristics of fractal features of coal samples are obvious under cycling loading and unloading and the self-similarity characteristics are obvious within the range of threshold, the fractal dimension is between 2-3, which increases linearly with the loading rate. The fractal dimension of fragments increases with the increase of loading rate, and the higher the broken degree of coal samples, the smaller the proportion of large fragments. In this case, the higher of the broken level of more fragments and the smaller the mass of single fragments is, the greater the risk of dynamic disasters of coal samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mass spectrometry (MS) has the advantages of high sensitivity and high selectivity, and can obtain the structural information of the analytes rapidly when combined with ambient ionization techniques, e.g., direct analysis in real time (DART) and paper spray (PS). In this work, a fast and simple approach for the screening and identification of azole ( i.e., triazole, imidazole, and pyrazole) and organophosphorus pesticides in food was proposed using ambient ionization coupled with hybrid quadrupole Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (Q-Orbitrap HRMS). The chemical structures of these two categories of pesticides were summarized, and their product ions and neutral loss information in mass spectrometry were also concluded. Triazole pesticides had a functional group of triazole (C2H3N3). The exact mass of triazole was 69.032 70 and the exact m/z value of protonated triazole was 70.039 97, which represented the neutral loss and product ion of triazole pesticides. Similarly, imidazole/pyrazole had a functional group of imidazole/pyrazole (C2H4N2). The exact mass of imidazole/pyrazole was 68.037 45 and the exact m/z value of protonated imidazole/pyrazole was 69.044 72, which represented the neutral loss and product ion of imidazole/pyrazole pesticides. Organophosphorus pesticides had similar structures and fragmentation pathway in MS/MS. Experimental results showed organophosphorus pesticides produced the neutral loss and the corresponding product ions of PO3SH3 (133.954 05), PO2S2H3 (129.931 21), PO3H (79.966 33), PO2SH (95.943 49), POS2H (111.920 64) and POSH (79.948 57). For the homologous series of pesticides, the exact mass and m/z increased by (CH2)m, i.e., 14.015 65×m (m=0, 1, 2…). All the aforementioned were the common characteristic product ions and neutral losses. Moreover, the auxilliary qualitative product ion and neutral loss, and the individual product ion and neutral loss libraries were also utilized to assist to identify the chemical structures of unknown azole and organophosphorus pesticides. During data acquisition, full scan (FS) mode and all-ion fragmentation (AIF) mode were applied in two time segments to obtain all the information of precursor and product ions. During data processing, the product ion and neutral loss information could be reined from the data of precursor ions and product ions by Python. Then, all the product ions and neutral losses were searched in the common characteristic, auxilliary qualitative and individual product ion and neutral loss libraries to screen known pesticides and identify unknown pesticides. Therefore, azole and organophosphorus pesticides could be screened and identified, in combination with suitable sample preparation method, proper ambient ionization source, high-resolution tandem mass spectrometer and effective data processing strategy. This method is fast and accurate, and can be used for the analysis of different types of food samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the relationship between polymorphism of the Klotho gene G-395A and the diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods Totally 245 patients were selected, including 147 diabetic patients (single diabetic group) , 98 DN patients (DN group), and 100 healthy volunteers (control group), the Klotho gene G-395A genotype and allele were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PGR. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of DN. Results Three genotypes, AA, GA, and GG, were found at the G-395A site of Klotho gene by real-time fluorescent quantitative PGR. The distribution of AA genotype in the control group and single diabetic group was significantly lower than that in the DN group (P<0.05), and the distribution of GA + GG genotype was significantly higher than that of the DN group (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in the distribution of AA and GA + GG genotypes between the control group and the single diabetic group (P>0.05). The frequency of allele A in the control group and single diabetic group was significantly lower than that in the DN group, and the frequency of allele G was significantly higher than that in the DN group (both P<0.05). There was no difference in the frequencies of alleles of A and G between the control group and the single diabetic group (P>0.05). Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that Klotho gene G-395 A site AA was a risk factor for DN (OR = 2.026,95% CI:0. 902-4. 552, P=0.087). Conclusion The poly-morphism of the Klotho gene G-395 A site is related to the incidence of DN, and the distribution of AA genotype may be an independent risk factor for the incidence of DN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 This study analyzed the microbial community composition and variation of Leersia hexandra Swartz ecological floating bed in the process of purifying wastewater. 【Method】 High throughput Illumina Miseq was used to analyze the microbial community composition and variation in the process of purifying wastewater. 【Result】 Results showed that the microbial diversity and community composition changed with time, and the dominant microbial groups and relative abundances were different. Planting Leersia hexandra Swartz treatment increased wastewater microbial diversity with time. Proteobacteria was predominant microbes in the four treatments. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes increased and Firmicutes decreased under planting Leersia hexandra Swartz and planting Leersia hexandra Swartz with aerobic treatments. Flavobacterium, Hydrogenophaga and Rhodobacter were the dominant genus in the four treatments. The planting Leersia hexandra Swartz with aerobic treatment was profitable for growth and propagation of carbon cycle related microbes such as sediminibacterium, Emticicia, Novosphingobium, Luteolibacter, Comamonadaceae and Erythrobacteraceae. For planting Leersia hexandra Swartz with anaerobic treatment, the phosphorus solubilizing microbes such as Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium and Rhodobacter were enriched. 【Conclusion】 The microbial diversity and community composition was no obvious relation with wastewater purification. The cluster and PCOA analyses indicated the microbial compositions clustered together for planting Leersia hexandra Swartz with anaerobic treatment and static wastewater control, and which were similar for planting Leersia hexandra Swartz and planting Leersia hexandra Swartz with aerobic treatment. The planting Leersia hexandra Swartz with aerobic treatment would be helpful to remove COD. The planting Leersia hexandra Swartz with anaerobic treatment was helpful to phosphorus degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[ Objective ] The study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of cadmium stress tolerance in Sorghum bicolor gene sbbHLH168, which plays an important role in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses, it provides a theoretical reference for breeding cadmium-tolerant Sorghum bicolor. [Method]A significantly up-regulated sbbHLH168 was screened from the transcriptome data（RNA-seq） of Sorghum bicolor cultivar ‘BTx623’ under cadmium stress, and its biological information was analyzed by on-line software subcellular localization of sbbHLH168 gene was carried out by infection of onion epidermis, PGBKT7-sbbHLH168 vector was constructed to verify the transcriptional activation activity of sbbHLH168 gene, and Sorghum bicolor plants cultured in water were treated with NaCl, PEG, ABA, ACC, GA and JA solutions, RNA was extracted at 0,1,12,24 and 48 hours respectively, and the relative expression of sbbHLH168 gene was detected by RT-qPCR. [Result]The open reading frame length of sbbHLH168 gene was 567 bp, encoding 189 amino acid residues. The molecular weight of sbbHLH168 protein was 20.55 kDa, and the theoretical isoelectric point（PI） was 8.86. sbbHLH168 was a basic protein with positive charge, which was located in the nucleus of cells, it has strong transcriptional activation activity. The expression level of sbbHLH168 was increased under salt, drought and plant hormone stress, but the expression level was significantly different at different treatment time. The expression of sbbHLH168 gene in different tissues showed that sbbHLH168 gene was expressed in root and leaf of Sorghum bicolor, and the highest expression level was observed under salt, drought, ABA, GA and JA stress for 12 h. In ACC treatment, the highest expression level was observed at 24 h. [Conclusion] sbbHLH168 gene is a transcription factor with transcriptional activation activity located in the nucleus and belongs to bHLH family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to meet the teaching needs of algorithm design and analysis, this paper designed and implemented an interactive experimental platform based on classical algorithm of TCC. The general structure of the platform includes algorithm-subject learning module, algorithm experimental exercise module, human-computer interaction module and experimental process management module. Tin; key technologies for the architecture of this experiment platform, its core function , formation, human-computer interaction and algorithm demo animation were described in detail, and the design methods for key programs were provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Automatic classification of high-resolution remote sensing image has been a hot topic in remote sensing image analysis and related areas. Object-oriented image analysis method exploits segmentation object as the basic unit of analysis, avoiding the “salt and pepper” phenomenon in the traditional classification method. However, the major limitation is the uncertainty of segmenting semantically meaningful object as the basic unit of analysis. The traditional classifiers to discriminate objects in the underlying feature spaces cannot adapt to the complexity of different features with different imaging mechanisms, leading to large differences within classes and the imbalance between different classes. Probabilistic topic model shows a great success in the field of natural language processing with solid mathematical theoretical foundation. Its inherent characteristics are extremely consistent with the demand of remote sensing information extraction. In this paper, the classic probabilistic topic model, latent dirichlet allocation (LDA) model, is used as the main model. LDA model is introduced into high-resolution remote sensing image classification research. Bag-of-words model can produce a valid information expression of remote sensing images, but the studies regarding this model are still limited in low-level features which mean the word vector space. The proposed LDA model in this paper would be applicable to the further exploitation of remote sensing data. This paper was going to establish some sort of spatial model oriented to the classification of high-resolution remote sensing images, and meanwhile the improved model was based on the traditional LDA model. The expression of remote sensing images based on the bag-of-words model is a basic of probabilistic topic model. Considering the requires of patterns classification, we were going to create the “Document-Words” mapping of high-resolution remote sensing images by using multi-scale segmentation algorithm and study on the key technology of building the bag-of-words model. It created the visual dictionary with a fast clustering algorithm based on the density peak to get rid of the dependence of original clustering center and identify the noise. After building the bag-of-words model, we tried to introduce the popularity and content of spatial topic as the latent topic of data and the prior distribution of words in the topic. Moreover, the variational expectation maximization (EM) inference algorithm of this model was built and the tests would verify the advantage of improved model. QuickBird images of Wuxi were used in the experiment, whose spatial resolution was 0.6 m with 4 bands. LDA and Space-LDA model were compared in the classification of land use types. Space-LDA model had higher classification accuracy than traditional LDA, and reached the highest accuracy when the visual dictionary size was 480. At last, when topic size was fixed at 40, both overall classification accuracy and Kappa’s coefficient showed that Space-LDA model achieved better results than LDA model. The spatial region information provides reasoning information from both the theme popularity and the thematic content at the same time, so the model has a more flexible structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To observe the effects of Jiawei Zhenwu Tang on chronic heart failure rats myocardial tissue structure and the level of inflammatory factors, and explore its mechanism. 48 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, digoxin group, Jiawei Zhenwu Tang group. Chronic heart failure rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin hydrochloride. The rats in each group were treated after administration, the myocardial cell structure and pathological score were observed under light microscope; the levels of interleukin -1, interleukin -6 and serum brain natriuretic peptide were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In the model group, the myocardial fibers were broken and accompanied by inflammatory infiltration. The pathological score of the model group was significantly higher than that of the control group, with statistical difference (P < 0.05); The pathological scores of the digaoxin group and the Jiawei Zhenwu Tang group were significantly lower than that of the model group, with statistical difference (P < 0.05); There was no significant difference in the pathological scores between the Jiawei Zhenwu Tang group and the digaoxin group (P > 0.05). Compared with the model group, the levels of IL-6, IL-1 and BNP in the Jiawei Zhenwu Tang group and the digaoxin group were significantly decreased, the effect of the Jiawei Zhenwu Tang group was more significant, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The Jiawei Zhenwutang may have some effects, such as increase increasing myocardial contractility, inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors,slowing ventricular remodeling, and protecting cardiomyocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on an analysis of the education program and the data of employment in the Department of Information Management, Peking University, this paper focuses on the status of the education for library and information science learners, and explores the its trend and direction of development in the future. It becomes more and more important for cultivating some talents in the area of library and information science to use information technologies. The cultivation of professionals will be more wide-caliber, multi-directional. and hybrid. In addition, in the future, professional strength and resources will be gradually integrated, the association between the development of subjects and actual needs of the community will be strengthened, and the practical ability of talents will also be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When the cassava tubers are lifted up by the dig-pull cassava tuber harvester, the harvester has low power consumption and a high adaptability to the soil. However, the control precision of the lifting velocity of cassava tuber is low, thus, the broken and loss rate of the cassava tubers are larger in the cassava tuber harvesting. And the control precision of the control system of the tuber lifting velocity mainly depends on the quality of control system's control parameters. Whether the optimal control parameters could be obtained by the optimization algorithm of the control system's control parameters determines the quality of the parameters. Therefore, the optimization algorithm of the control parameters of the lifting velocity control system of the cassava tuber lifting mechanism is studied using the advanced method and technology which has important significance to improve the control precision of the cassava tuber lifting velocity and the harvesting quality of the cassava tubers. The broken and loss rate of the cassava tubers are larger in the cassava tuber harvesting when the control precision of the tuber lifting velocity of the dig-pull cassava harvester is low. Firstly, the co-simulation model of the control system of the tuber lifting mechanism of the dig-pull type cassava tuber harvester was established. The fuzzy PI algorithm was used as the control algorithm of the mechanically optimal tuber lifting velocity of the tuber lifting mechanism. The multi-domain dynamics simulation technology was also used in the co-simulation model. The mechanically optimal lifting velocity model of the cassava tuber was obtained using the cassava tuber lifting tests of the experienced farmers and the optimized velocity model of manually pulling tubers as well as the numerical simulation tests. The mechanically optimal lifting velocity model of the cassava tuber was used as the control target, and meanwhile, the constant cassava tuber lifting force, the cassava tuber lifting force in the soft soil as well as the cassava tuber lifting force in the hard soil, respectively, were used as the condition. The study of the spider clustering algorithm combined with the local search operator was carried out. Then, using a combination of local search operator and spider cluster algorithm, the control parameters of the cassava tuber lifting mechanism system were optimized by iterative optimization. In addition, the common test function was used to verify the convergence and search accuracy of the spider cluster algorithm combined with local search operator. Finally, the cassava tuber lifting test verification was carried out in the field. The error analysis of the verification test was carried out by means of the mean error and the maximum error. The results show that the spider cluster algorithm combined with local search operator which can avoid getting into the local optimal solution in the iterative process, has faster convergence speed and higher search accuracy than the spider clustering algorithm. The spider clustering algorithm combined with the local search operator is suitable for solving the extremum problems of high-dimensional complex function. The optimization result of the Fuzzy PI control system's control parameters: Kp and Ki are 0.841 and 0.203 9, respectively. Using the optimized control parameter, the actual lifting speeds of the cassava tuber can follow mechanically optimal lifting velocity model. And the dynamic performance is great. The average relative error between the actual vertical lifting speed of the cassava tuber and mechanically optimal lifting velocity of the cassava tuber is 4.5%. The maximum error is 6.7%. The average relative error between actual slide displacement and the theoretical value is 3.7%. The maximum error is 5.4%. The spider clustering algorithm combined with local search operator can be used in controlling the cassava tuber lifting process of the dig-pull type cassava tuber harvester. The control precision of the tuber lifting velocity has high precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]To discover the optimum mung bean interplanting and straw returning time, the fertility effects of sugarcane/mung bean intercropping mode and mung bean straw returning were studied. [Method] A field experiment designed with split plot of 2 factors was conducted = aiming at revealing the effect of different treatments on agricultural characters, yield, and quality of sugarcane. [Result] Results showed that highest dry matter and N, P, K nutrient accumulation were showed in treatment of intercropping(sowing mung bean in sowing time of sugarcane + returning mung bean straw in fruiting period). After mung bean straw returning, the degradation rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium were basically the same between the mode ol straw aboveground covering in early period and the mode ol straw underground covering. But the degradation rate between these two modes reversed in later period. Intercropping of sugarcane and mung bean brought about some negative effects on sugarcane emergence and tillering, the earlier the mung bean intercropped, the greater the negative effects. Height, cane diameter and single stem weight can be promoted by mung bean interplanting and its straw returning. The treatment of intercropping(sowing mung bean in sowing time of sugarcane + returning mung bean straw in fruiting period) presented highest cane production which was obviously higher than other treatment. There are no notorious differences of sugar brix in sugarcane juice between treatments of intercropping and noninlercropping. [Conclusion ] Intercropping of sugarcane and mung bean should be vigorously promoted. Il can promote soil fertility and sugarcane production without reducing sugar content. The best treatment is to intercrop mung bean in sowing time of sugarcane and return mung bean straw with aboveground covering mode in Iruiting period ol mung bean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to enhance system consensus is an important problem in the research of multi agent systems. The conventional consensus protocols usually does not consider the Hub Nodes in the topology, and the topology weight was single, which made the system easier to split. Based on the idea that key figures in the interpersonal network could promote information exchange in different communities, this paper proposed an influence network model（INM）. First, this paper proposed a Distributed Hub Node Identify algorithm（ DHNI） to distinguish between Hub Nodes and Non Hub Nodes. Distributed multi-agent system could apply DHNI. Secondly, this paper proposed a distributed Hub Node based topology reweighting algorithm （DHNTR） to quantify the influence of different nodes on their neighbors. Finally, this paper proposed an influence network-based multi-agent consensus protocol. this paper designed a common Lyapunov function and analyzed the global stability of the system. this paper proved the stability of the system in the sense of Lyapunov. Simulation results show that the protocol can enhance system consensus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the shaking table test, Push-over method and Push-over test, we evaluated the seismic capacity of the large cylinder. Shaking table test was carried out to study the dynamic response of the large cylinder model under the earthquake action without reinforcement. Push-over analysis method was used to evaluate the seismic capacity of the large cylinder breakwater by the capability spectra of the structure and the demand spectrum. The displacement responses of the large cylinders under the horizontal force are studied by Push-over test. We concluded that no reinforcement large cylinder breakwater case can withstand an earthquake of 7 degrees, it will occur irreversible destroy under 8 degrees earthquake; Pushover analysis results are more conservative than shaking table test results, and more safety reserves will be left in the actual engineering application. As a simple, accurate method, it can meet the actual needs of the project to some extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article defines the uncertainty degree of describing the features of evidence itself starting from the highly conflict evidence's constraints on the application D - S evidence theory， and aiming at the existing problem of several common conflict measurement method. The connotation of evidence conflict is extended from inconsistency between the evidences to both inside and outside of evidence. Evidence conflict multi-measurement is given based on uncertainty， and the conflict processing method of maximum difference degree is put forward in order to enhance the effect of the conflict recognition. Validation analysis showed that the measurement method in this paper can effectively represent conflict degree between evidences; the processing of maximum conflict difference degree achieves significance of evidence conflict identification， which has good universality and effectiveness in evidence conflict recognition of complex systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]