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According to a preprint abstract from biorxiv.org, researchers have found that the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) does not play a role in promoting the formation of gross chromosomal rearrangements (GCRs) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Previous studies had suggested that the SAC may promote GCRs by delaying mitosis to allow for GCR-inducing DNA repair. However, the researchers discovered that this conclusion was due to an experimental artifact caused by disruption of the SAC and loss of the CIN8 gene. This research has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Minho in Braga, Portugal, explores the use of biotechnology in the production of chondroitin, a glycosaminoglycan commonly used in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals for treating osteoarthritis. Traditionally, chondroitin has been extracted from animal cartilage, but biotechnological processes offer a vegan-friendly alternative that avoids the risk of viral or prion contamination. The researchers constructed a biosynthetic pathway for chondroitin production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (a type of yeast) and were able to produce significant amounts of chondroitin using this method. The study also identified potential targets for metabolic engineering to enhance chondroitin production. This research provides valuable insights for the development of more efficient host organisms for biotechnological production processes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Russian Academy of Sciences explored the potential of combining proteasome inhibitors and ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) inhibitors in the treatment of glioblastomas (GBM), a type of brain cancer. The researchers found that impaired proteasome function led to increased levels of RNR subunits and enzyme activity in yeast, suggesting that the combination of proteasome and RNR inhibitors could be effective in inhibiting GBM growth. The study also highlighted the use of yeast as a simple model for evaluating the efficacy of these combinations. Further research is needed to determine the potential of this treatment approach in human GBM cell lines. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Islamic Azad University in Tehran, Iran, focused on optimizing the design, construction, and expression of a recombinant protein derived from pathogenic influenza and Newcastle viruses. The chimeric gene was successfully expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a type of yeast, and demonstrated significant biological activity. The researchers suggest that this chimeric gene structure holds promise as a candidate for a universal subunit vaccine to replace existing vaccines for influenza and Newcastle viruses in poultry. However, further research in animal and human models is necessary to ensure safety before widespread application. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the University of Veterinary Medicine Foundation in Hannover, Germany, examined the effects of supplementing foals with a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP) on diarrhea occurrence and the response to vaccination. The study found that the supplementation did not significantly affect the duration and severity of diarrhea. However, it did have an impact on the immune response to vaccination, with foals receiving the SCFP showing increased numbers of leukocyte fractions after vaccination compared to those fed a placebo. These findings suggest that early life supplementation with SCFP may influence the early immune response to initial vaccination. [Extracted from the article]

A report from the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research discusses new research on apoptosis, specifically focusing on the regulation of apoptosis-inducing factor 1 (AIF1) in yeast cells. The study found that AIF1 expression in response to hydrogen peroxide is mediated by two transcription factors, Yap5 and Cdc73. The researchers also discovered that substituting the H3K36 residue affects AIF1 expression, while substituting lysine in H3K4 or H3K79 does not. The study suggests that reduced AIF1 expression in cdc73 Delta is likely due to reduced H3K36me3 levels in the cells. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Karachi, Pakistan, explored the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a type of yeast, in treating patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). The study involved 30 patients who were given capsules of Saccharomyces cerevisiae twice daily for four weeks. The results showed that the treatment led to improvements in abdominal pain symptoms and quality of life for the patients. The researchers concluded that Saccharomyces cerevisiae could be a promising option for alleviating symptoms in IBS patients. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Wroclaw Medical University in Poland have conducted a study on the drug susceptibility of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a yeast that is typically non-pathogenic but has been increasingly associated with infections. The study analyzed 55 clinical isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and tested their susceptibility to 10 antifungal drugs. The results showed that most strains were sensitive to amphotericin B, flucytosine, and echinocandins, but some isolates exhibited high resistance to azoles. The researchers concluded that further investigation into azole resistance is necessary, but a new antifungal drug called manogepix shows promise as a therapeutic option for treating Saccharomyces cerevisiae infections. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Cairo University in Giza, Egypt discusses the impact of dietary nucleotides and Saccharomyces cerevisiae-derivatives on the growth, immune response, and gut function of broiler chickens. The study found that supplementing the chickens' diets with nucleotides and yeast products improved their immune system and promoted a healthier gut. The research also noted that antibiotics can negatively affect the immune system, and the use of nucleotides and derivatives helped mitigate this effect. The findings suggest that these dietary supplements can enhance broiler performance and overall health. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Faculty of Medicine in Suez, Egypt, explored the green synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The researchers characterized the nanoparticles and assessed their antimicrobial potential and photocatalytic degradation efficacy. The results showed that the ZnO nanoparticles exhibited a spherical morphology with an average particle size of 15.0nm. They demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria and showed potential for wastewater treatment. The study provides valuable insights into the application of green synthesis in nanotechnology and its potential benefits in various fields. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the Institute of Chemical Technology in Maharashtra, India, investigated the impact of pH levels on the thermal pasteurization of sweet lime juice. The researchers screened for the most thermo-resistant microorganism and spoilage enzyme in the juice and evaluated the effects of pH on the survival of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, inactivation of PPO, and retention of vitamin C. They developed a global kinetic model to describe the relationship between pH, temperature, and treatment time for microbial safety and enzymatic stability. The study concluded that assessing pH levels in the matrix can help determine optimal harvesting conditions for fruit. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Jiangnan University in Jiangsu, China have developed a high-throughput screening method to enhance the production of (2S)-naringenin, a dihydro-flavonoid with medicinal and physiological benefits, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The researchers used a random mutagenesis method called atmospheric room temperature plasma (ARTP) combined with a color reaction to screen for mutants with higher titers of (2S)-naringenin. They successfully obtained a mutant with a 52.3% increase in (2S)-naringenin production in shake flask experiments and a 19.8% increase in a 5 L bioreactor. This study provides new insights and solutions for improving the screening efficiency of similar products. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran, has investigated the impact of simulated microgravity on the biosorption of heavy metals by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a type of yeast. The study found that microgravity positively affected the biosorption of mercury and lead by the yeast, but did not affect the biosorption of cadmium and arsenic. The biosorbent-heavy metal complex remained stable after simulated gastrointestinal conditions. The researchers suggest that these findings could be useful in detoxifying the food and beverage industries and maintaining astronauts' health. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study published in the European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine highlights a case of peritonitis caused by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, commonly known as baker's yeast. The patient, a 64-year-old female with a history of HIV, developed peritonitis after the insertion of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube. This case emphasizes the importance of considering rare organisms in the treatment of immunocompromised patients with peritonitis, particularly after gastrointestinal tract penetration or peritoneal membrane disruption. Further research is needed to better understand the risk factors and management of fungal peritonitis. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Southern Illinois University explored the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a type of yeast. The study found that inactivation of the MutSa-dependent MMR pathway increased the genome-wide mutation rate by 17-fold, while loss of the MutS beta-dependent MMR pathway elevated the mutation rate by 4-fold. The researchers also discovered that MutSa-dependent MMR does not show a preference for protecting coding or noncoding DNA from mutations, whereas MutS beta-dependent MMR preferentially protects noncoding DNA. These findings provide insights into the different roles of these two MMR pathways. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology explores the effects of prodigiosin, a red pigment produced by bacteria, on cellular structures. The research found that prodigiosin induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and triggers the unfolded-protein response (UPR) in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The study suggests that prodigiosin impairs protein folding in the ER, revealing a new mode of action. This research provides valuable insights into the biological effects of prodigiosin and its potential applications in various organisms. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Sichuan Agricultural University in Chengdu, China, explored the impact of different feed additives on the growth performance and intestinal health of weanling pigs during Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection. The study found that low Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation postbiotics (SCFP), high SCFP, essential oil (EO), or their combination improved growth performance and protected against ETEC-induced intestinal damage. These treatments regulated redox and immune homeostasis, alleviated inflammation, and enhanced immunity. The study provides new insights into the use of feed additives for animal health. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Bucharest discusses the role of the inositol pyrophosphate pathway in cell signaling in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This pathway regulates various cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, growth, and stress responses. The review focuses on two enzymes, Kcs1 and Vip1, involved in the biosynthesis of inositol pyrophosphate and their roles in cell processes and phosphate homeostasis. The findings have potential applications in medicine and biotechnology, offering promise for disease treatment strategies. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by investigators at Nguyen Tat Thanh University in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, focused on developing a cider processing procedure from tamarillo fruit using fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. The researchers investigated various fermentation conditions, such as dilution ratio, medium pH, total soluble solids, and yeast ratio, and evaluated the ethanol concentration, pH, total sugar content, and other factors during the fermentation process. The study found that a 50:50 dilution ratio of tamarillo juice with water, pH 4.5, TSS of 22 degrees Brix, and the addition of yeast at 0.6 g/L resulted in a cider with a high ethanol concentration and dissolved nutrients. The researchers concluded that these findings could contribute to the production and diversification of tamarillo cider, enhancing the value of the fruit and promoting economic development in the region. [Extracted from the article]

A recent preprint abstract discusses the role of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rev7 in regulating the choice between two DNA repair pathways, non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). The study found that Rev7 interacts with the Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 (MRX) subunits and inhibits their activities, specifically the nuclease activity of Mre11 and the ATPase activity of Rad50. This interaction promotes NHEJ and impedes HR. The researchers also discovered that Rev7 binds to G-quadruplex DNA structures with high affinity and specificity. These findings provide new insights into the functional interaction between MRX subunits and Rev7 and shed light on the mechanism by which Rev7 regulates the choice between HR and NHEJ in S. cerevisiae. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the State University of New York (SUNY) Albany have conducted a study on colon cancer and identified genes that confer resistance to a carcinogenic compound called 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f] quinoline (IQ). The study used Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) to identify these genes and found that ribosomal protein genes play a role in conferring resistance to IQ. Additionally, DNA repair pathways were found to be involved in conferring resistance to activated IQ. This research provides insights into the genetic factors that contribute to colon cancer and may have implications for future treatments. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Massachusetts Boston provides new insights into cytokines, specifically focusing on meiotic cytokinesis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The study explains that during sporulation, four haploid spores are formed within a diploid cell. The closure of the prospore membrane, which encapsulates the genetic material and eventually becomes the plasma membrane of the spore, is a crucial event in this process. The timing of prospore membrane closure is regulated by various factors, including the meiotic exit pathway. This research sheds light on the development of the prospore membrane and the regulation of its closure. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Beijing University of Chemical Technology discusses research on Aspergillus fumigatus. The study focuses on the production of chitooligosaccharides (COS) through enzymatic hydrolysis of chitosan by chitosanase. The researchers successfully expressed chitosanase in the yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae, using the GTR-CRISPR editing system. The study concludes that this method shows promise for industrial applications. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from Radboud University Medical Center in the Netherlands discusses research on the ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae b-glucans to induce trained immunity in innate immune cells. The study found that a blend of two b-glucans from Saccharomyces cerevisiae enhanced the immune response in human primary monocytes. The b-glucan preparation activated multiple receptors and signaling pathways, leading to a robust secondary response. In murine models, pre-treatment with the b-glucan preparation resulted in a significant reduction in tumor growth. These findings may contribute to the development of future therapies based on b-glucan structures that induce an effective trained immunity response. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Hunan University in China discusses new research on metabolic engineering. The study focuses on the production of (2S)-eriodictyol (ERD), a flavonoid found in citrus fruits and medicinal plants with various health benefits. The researchers successfully engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a type of yeast, to increase the production of ERD by fine-tuning the metabolic pathway. By regulating the metabolic balance, the researchers were able to achieve a high-level production of ERD. This research highlights the importance of metabolic engineering in producing natural products in microbial cell factories. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Federal University Vicosa in Brazil have conducted a study on the use of co-cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains JP14 and IM8 in mead production. The study found that the use of different inocula influenced both the fermentative and sensory characteristics of the mead. Meads produced with IM8 exhibited higher concentrations of ethyl acetate and acetaldehyde, contributing fruity and nutty aromas, while meads produced in a 1:1 co-culture showed higher concentrations of isoamyl alcohol, imparting banana, pear, and marzipan aromas. The research suggests that the appropriate selection of strains can be explored to produce meads with specific aromatic profiles, allowing for the creation of high-quality beverages with diverse sensory characteristics. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Federal University Lavras in Brazil explored the effects of fermentation on the aroma and flavor of coffee. The study found that using mixed starter cultures of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts, such as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, improved the sensory quality and food safety of the coffee. The researchers fermented the coffee for either 48 or 96 hours and identified 47 volatile compounds in the process. The sequentially inoculated coffees had a greater formation of volatiles, resulting in a perception of fruity and fermented flavor and aroma. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, has explored the potential of using ultrasound-based size distinction to screen for cancer. The study focused on circulating tumor cell clusters (CTCCs), which are larger than normal blood cells and can be detected during the early stages of cancer. By growing yeast colonies to mimic CTCCs and using machine learning algorithms, the researchers were able to achieve a 98.35% accuracy in predicting CTCCs, surpassing human evaluation accuracy. This research suggests that machine learning could automate and improve cancer detection through CTCC screening. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for the use of Saccharomyces boulardii yeast cells in the treatment of mood disorders. The yeast cells have been found to reduce anxiety in mice, and the invention aims to provide an alternative to current anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs. The method involves administering viable Saccharomyces boulardii yeast cells to individuals with mood disorders, without the use of other anxiolytic or antidepressant substances. The yeast cells can be administered orally in the form of capsules or sachets of powder. [Extracted from the article]

The USPTO has published a patent application titled "Full-Length Human Immunoglobulin G Antibody Libraries For Surface Display And Secretion In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae." The application describes an improved yeast antibody display system that uses Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the host. This system allows for increased diversity and efficiency in antibody libraries and provides a method for identifying host cells that display antibodies on their cell surface. The invention also includes an efficient yeast transformation protocol and the construction of large combinational antibody display libraries. This patent application describes an antibody display system using yeast cells to produce and select antibodies that bind to specific molecules of interest. The system has applications in medicine and biotechnology. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Beijing Forestry University in China discusses the potential allergenic risk of enolase, a protein found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a type of yeast commonly used in food processing. The study found that high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) used in food sterilization and processing can release allergenic proteins into the food, increasing the risk of sensitization. The researchers characterized and quantified the leaked enolase using various methods and found a progressive release of the allergen under HHP. The findings have implications for understanding the safety hazards of allergens in HHP processing and advocating for the adoption of HHP technology in the food sector. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Marcq en Baroeul, France, investigated the effects of supplementing a yeast probiotic in milk replacers on the health and growth of pre-weaned calves. The researchers found that calves supplemented with the yeast probiotic had better average daily gain, improved feed efficiency, and reduced morbidity compared to the control group. Additionally, the use of the yeast probiotic resulted in lower expenses linked to feeds and veterinary treatments. The study suggests that supplementing Actisaf powder in milk replacers can improve the health, growth performance, feed efficiency, and economic gain of calves. [Extracted from the article]