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Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:46:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) We present the first formal record of the twig-girdler Psyllotoxus griseocinctus Thomson, 1868 (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Onciderini) attacking the rose, Rosa sp. (Rosaceae) in Southern Brazil. We provide photographs of the damage P. griseocinctus causes to the plant, as well as morphological descriptions of the immature stages and molecular diagnostic tools to identify this species. Additionally, we provide a modelled map with the known and potential distribution of P. griseocinctus and new host records for three plant species: the common walnut tree, Juglans regia L. (Juglandaceae); the cambucá tree, Plinia edulis (Vell.) Sobral (Myrtaceae); and the cherry tree, Prunus cf. serrulata Lindl. (Rosaceae). Museu Nacional Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro MNRJ Departamento de Entomologia, Horto Botânico, Quinta da Boa Vista Universidade Federal do Paraná/ UFPR Departamento de Zoologia Centro Politécnico, Caixa Postal 19020, Jardim das Américas Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”-ESALQ Universidade de São Paulo/ USP Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Av. Pádua Dias 11 Universidade Estadual Paulista ‘Júlio de Mesquita Filho’ Instituto de Biociências, Rua Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250 Universidade Estadual Paulista ‘Júlio de Mesquita Filho’ Instituto de Biociências, Rua Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250 CAPES: 001 CNPq: 141974/2014-1 CNPq: 159771/2018-8 CAPES: 1754572 FAPERJ: E-26/201.917/2020

Sheep production on pasture plays an important role in subtropical climates around the world, with great economic and environmental relevance to those regions. However, this production is much lower than its true potential in subtropical regions, largely due to lack of knowledge of how to feed grazing lambs, and mitigate gastrointestinal parasite infections. Due to weather instability and the high growth rate of tropical grasses, it is difficult to adjust the quality and quantity of feed consumed by lambs. In addition, due to warm, wet weather during spring, summer, and autumn, gastrointestinal parasite infection can be intense on subtropical pastures. Thus, the objective of this paper is to summarize 17 years of research in southern regions of Brazil testing alternative management for sheep farmers under these challenging conditions. Our review indicates that ewes play important roles raising their lambs. Besides protecting and providing milk, they leave a better pasture structure for lamb nutrition. The use of creep feeding and creep grazing are additional alternatives to improve lamb growth. However, feeding supplementation with concentrate can deteriorate pasture quality at the end of the summer?autumn season. Gastrointestinal parasitic infections can be reduced with improved lamb nutrition, although L3 larvae of Haemonchus contortus can be present at various pasture heights. This indicates that it is difficult to control L3 ingestion solely by manipulating grazing heights. We summarize important technologies for raising lambs on pasture-based systems to make the best of high herbage growth and minimize intense parasitic infections common in subtropical regions. We discuss research results in light of the latest studies from other ecoregions and climates, although there is a lack of similar research in subtropical regions of the world. Made available in DSpace on 2020-09-24T09:12:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CNPC-2020-Art-18.pdf: 269365 bytes, checksum: 34b8b416c5d869df96ea11e992d8e96e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

The orderChaetothyriales(Pezizomycotina,Ascomycetes) harbours obligatorily melanised fungi and includes numerous etiologic agents of chromoblastomycosis, phaeohyphomycosis and other diseases of vertebrate hosts. Diseases range from mild cutaneous to fatal cerebral or disseminated infections and affect humans and cold-blooded animals globally. In addition,Chaetothyrialescomprise species with aquatic, rock-inhabiting, ant-associated, and mycoparasitic life-styles, as well as species that tolerate toxic compounds, suggesting a high degree of versatile extremotolerance. To understand their biology and divergent niche occupation, we sequenced and annotated a set of 23 genomes of main the human opportunists within theChaetothyrialesas well as related environmental species. Our analyses included fungi with diverse life-styles, namely opportunistic pathogens and closely related saprobes, to identify genomic adaptations related to pathogenesis. Furthermore, ecological preferences ofChaetothyrialeswere analysed, in conjuncture with the order-level phylogeny based on conserved ribosomal genes. General characteristics, phylogenomic relationships, transposable elements, sex-related genes, protein family evolution, genes related to protein degradation (MEROPS), carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), melanin synthesis and secondary metabolism were investigated and compared between species. Genome assemblies varied from 25.81 Mb (Capronia coronata) to 43.03 Mb (Cladophialophora immunda). The bantiana-clade contained the highest number of predicted genes (12 817 on average) as well as larger genomes. We found a low content of mobile elements, with DNA transposons from Tc1/Mariner superfamily being the most abundant across analysed species. Additionally, we identified a reduction of carbohydrate degrading enzymes, specifically many of the Glycosyl Hydrolase (GH) class, while most of the Pectin Lyase (PL) genes were lost in etiological agents of chromoblastomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis. An expansion was found in protein degrading peptidase enzyme families S12 (serine-type D-Ala-D-Ala carboxypeptidases) and M38 (isoaspartyl dipeptidases). Based on genomic information, a wide range of abilities of melanin biosynthesis was revealed; genes related to metabolically distinct DHN, DOPA and pyomelanin pathways were identified. TheMAT(MAtingType) locus and other sex-related genes were recognized in all 23 black fungi. Members of the asexual generaFonsecaeaandCladophialophoraappear to be heterothallic with a single copy of eitherMAT-1-1orMAT-1-2in each individual. AllCaproniaspecies are homothallic as bothMAT1-1andMAT1-2genes were found in each single genome. The genomic synteny of theMAT-locus flanking genes (SLA2-APN2-COX13) is not conserved in black fungi as is commonly observed inEurotiomycetes, indicating a unique genomic context forMATin those species. The heterokaryon (het) genes expansion associated with the low selective pressure at theMAT-locus suggests that a parasexual cycle may play an important role in generating diversity among those fungi.

O manejo florestal deve estar apoiado no entendimento da dinâmica da floresta, a fim de garantir a melhor tomada de decisão. A estrutura diamétrica é uma ferramenta adequada, que fornece informações sobre uma determinada espécie ou para a floresta em geral. Assim, neste trabalho, foi avaliada a estrutura diamétrica de três espécies amazônicas: Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl. (Castanheira), Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A.Juss.) Müll.Arg (Seringueira) e Swietenia macrophylla King (Mogno) na Floresta Estadual do Antimary, estado do Acre, Brasil. Também foram ajustadas funções de densidade de probabilidade mais comumente utilizadas para representar as distribuições diamétricas de espécies florestais. A espécie B. excelsa apresentou estrutura bimodal com uma grande amplitude diamétrica. H. brasiliensis apresentou distribuição unimodal assimétrica positiva. A baixa ocorrência de S. macrophylla na área de estudo não garante que a distribuição observada seja representativa. A estrutura diamétrica das três espécies é similar às reportadas em outros estudos. Na avaliação das funções de densidade probabilística, os modelos Normal e Weibull foram aderentes para as três espécies. Forest management should be based on understanding the forest dynamics in order to ensure better decision making. The diameter structure is an adequate tool, which provides information about a particular species or the forest in general. Thus, diameter structure of three Amazonian species were evaluated: Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl. (Castanheira), Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. Ex A.Juss.) Müll.Arg (Seringueira) and Swietenia macrophylla King (Mahogany) at Antimary State Forest, Acre State, Brazil. We also fitted probability density functions commonly used to represent the diameter distributions of forest species. B. excelsa presented bimodal structure with a great diameter amplitude. H. brasiliensis presented a unimodal distribution positively skewed. The low occurrence of S. macrophylla in the study area does not guarantee that the observed distribution is representative. The diameter structures of three species are similiar to those reported in other studies. In the evaluation of probabilistic density functions, Normal and Weibull models were adherent to the three species. Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-06T18:09:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 26898.pdf: 688650 bytes, checksum: 5796411eeb6fa3c1f7980a8a0549e4ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

International audience; Conducting and transparent interfacial thin films have been prepared from double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNT) and further deposited over glass and plastic (polyethylene terephtalate-PET) substrates. The morphology, vibrational structure as well as the optical and electrical properties have been evaluated. The influence of the DWCNT purifying treatment, the amount of carbon nanotubes used to prepare the thin films, and the annealing of the films at different temperatures has been evaluated to optimize both electrical and optical properties. Values of sheet resistance ranging from 0.53 to 27.8 kΩ □−1 and transmittance at 550nm from 59 to 90% have been achieved. Similar behavior obtained for films deposited on PET or glass substrates indicate a good reproducibility of the method, besides the high potential for further applications on flexible devices.

The present study aimed to contribute towards identification and registration of tick species that parasitize dogs in rural and urban areas of three mesoregions of Paraná, southern Brazil, and to estimate the rate of occurrence of each species. Fifty-six dogs with ticks living in three mesoregions: Metropolitana de Curitiba (MC), Centro Oriental (COP) and Centro Sul Paranaense (CSP), were used in the study. From these 56 dogs, 253 ticks were collected and were identified and morphologically characterized according to the species. Among all the ticks, 69.6% were identified as belonging to the species Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s. l.); 28.1% as Amblyomma aureolatum and 2.4% as Amblyomma ovale. Among the dogs in MC that were evaluated, 57.7% were parasitized by R. sanguineus s. l., 38.5% by A. aureolatum and 3.8% by A. ovale; while in COP, 72.4% of the dogs were parasitized by A. aureolatum and 27.6% by R. sanguineus s. l.. In CSP, one tick was obtained, which was identified as A. aureolatum. Resumo O presente estudo objetivou contribuir com a identificação e o registro das espécies de carrapatos que parasitam cães de áreas rurais e urbanas de três mesorregiões do Paraná, Sul do Brasil, e estimar a taxa de ocorrência de cada espécie. Cinquenta e seis cães com carrapatos, provenientes das mesorregiões: Metropolitana de Curitiba (MC), Centro Oriental (COP) e Centro Sul Paranaense (CSP) foram utilizados no estudo. Dos 56 cães, foram coletados 253 carrapatos que foram identificados e caracterizados morfologicamente de acordo com a espécie. Do total de carrapatos, 69,6% foram identificadas como pertencentes à espécie Rhipicephalus sanguineus s. l.; 28,1% como Amblyomma aureolatum e 2,4% como Amblyomma ovale. Dentre os animais avaliados, provenientes da MC, 57,7% estavam parasitados por R. sanguineus s. l., 38,5% por A. aureolatum e 3,8% por A. ovale; enquanto na COP 72,4% dos cães foram parasitados por A. aureolatum e 27,6% por R. sanguineus s. l.. Na CSP foi obtido um carrapato, identificado como A. aureolatum.

International audience; The food industry is investigating new technological applications of lactobionic acid (LBA). In the current work, the effect of lactobionic acid on the acidification of dairy gels (pH 5.5 and 6.2), rheological properties using a double compression test, sodium mobility using Na-23 NMR technique and aroma release using headspace GC-FID were studied. Our results showed that it is possible to use LBA as an alternative to glucono-delta-lactone (GDL) for the production of dairy gels with a controlled pH value. Small differences in the rheological properties and in the amount of aroma volatile organic compounds that were released in the vapour phase, but no significant difference in the sodium ion mobility were obtained. The gels produced with LBA were less firm and released less volatile aroma compounds than the gels produced with GDL. The gels at pH 6.2 were firmer than those at pH 5.5 and had a more organised structure around the sodium ions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Headwater streams contributes greatly to the conservation of ecological balance in drainage networks through water recharge and nutrients inputs. The maintenance of ecological balance in these systems is intimately related to forest preservation in their watershed. Despite the benefits and importance of streams, its conservation has been historically neglected. Land use changes such as pasture farming, sugar cane cultivation and urbanization are amongst the main impacts to which streams are subjected. We conducted the present research in order to contribute with the comprehension of the effects and magnitude of land use impacts over integrated ecosystem level responses in streams. We investigated the trophic structure of the aquatic systems. Trophic structure varied accordingly to local influences, rather than land use influences, with the potential contribution of basal resources derived from groundwater. We evaluated if ecosystem functioning was altered due to land use change, through leaf litter breakdown rates. Land use type affected leaf litter breakdown through negative effects over Stenochironomus sp., which represents the main actor in the ecosystem process. The results obtained through both approaches evidenced the effects and magnitude of anthropic impacts acting over streams, integrating biological and environmental responses and contributing with further understanding of stream functioning. Riachos de primeira ordem são essenciais para a conservação e equilíbrio das redes de drenagem por contribuírem com a recarga de água e disponibilização de nutrientes. A manutenção do equilíbrio nestes sistemas está intimamente associada à preservação de florestas em suas bacias hidrográficas. A despeito de todos os benefícios e importância destes ecossistemas, sua conservação tem sido historicamente negligenciada. Dentre os principais impactos a que são submetidos destacam-se aqueles associados à substituição de florestas para o cultivo de cana-de-açúcar, pastagens e urbanização. Os efeitos e magnitude dos impactos do uso do solo sobre aspectos ecossistêmicos em riachos foram investigados através de respostas integradas, em nível ecossistêmico, que contribuíram para o melhor entendimento da saúde dos sistemas avaliados. Investigou-se os efeitos do uso do solo sobre a estrutura trófica nestes ambientes. A estrutura das cadeias tróficas dos riachos analisados esteve associada à combinação de fatores locais agindo sobre as comunidades aquáticas, com potencial contribuição de recursos basais provenientes de água subterrânea. Investigou-se se o funcionamento ecossistêmico foi alterado em decorrência do uso do solo, por meio da determinação das taxas de processamento foliar. O tipo de uso do solo afetou o processamento foliar, devido à influência negativa sobre a ocorrência e abundância de Stenochironomus sp., que corresponde ao principal responsável pelo processo ecossistêmico nestes riachos. Os resultados obtidos por meio das duas abordagens ecossistêmicas permitiram evidenciar os efeitos e magnitude dos impactos antrópicos infligidos aos riachos, integrando respostas biológicas e ambientais e contribuindo para o entendimento do funcionamento desses sistemas. 75 f

Plasmodium sporozoites actively migrate in the dermis and enter blood vessels to infect the liver. Despite their importance for malaria infection, little is known about these cutaneous processes. We combine intravital imaging in a rodent malaria model and statistical methods to unveil the parasite strategy to reach the bloodstream. We determine that sporozoites display a high-motility mode with a superdiffusive Lévy-like pattern known to optimize the location of scarce targets. When encountering blood vessels, sporozoites frequently switch to a subdiffusive low-motility behavior associated with probing for intravasation hotspots, marked by the presence of pericytes. Hence, sporozoites present anomalous diffusive motility, alternating between superdiffusive tissue exploration and subdiffusive local vessel exploitation, thus optimizing the sequential tasks of seeking blood vessels and pericyte-associated sites of privileged intravasation.

Magnetization reversal and domain wall dynamics in Pt/Co/AlOx trilayers have been tuned by He+ ion irradiation. Fluences up to 1.5x10$^{15}$ ions/cm$^2$ strongly decrease the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), without affecting neither the spontaneous magnetization nor the strength of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). This confirms the robustness of the DMI interaction against interfacial chemical intermixing, already predicted by theory. In parallel with the decrease of the PMA in the irradiated samples, a strong decrease of the depinning field is observed. This allows the domain walls to reach large maximum velocities with lower magnetic fields with respect to those needed for the pristine films. Decoupling PMA from DMI can therefore be beneficial for the design of low energy devices based on domain wall dynamics. When the samples are irradiated with larger He+ fluences, the magnetization gets close to the out-of-plane/in-plane reorientation transition where 100nm size magnetic skyrmions are stabilized. We observe that as the He+ fluence increases, the skyrmion size decreases while these magnetic textures become more stable against the application of an external magnetic field., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures

As folhas erva-mate são as partes mais estudadas e mais utilizadas para o consumo, enquanto os frutos são pouco estudados quanto à composição elementar. Assim, neste estudo, objetivou-se caracterizar a composição, a hidrossolubilidade dos elementos e o valor nutricional de frutos e folhas de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill). Foram coletados frutos e folhas de árvores de quatro procedências de erva-mate (Cascavel, Quedas do Iguaçu, Ivaí estado do Paraná e Barão de Cotegipe do estado do Rio Grande do Sul) com 17 anos, cultivadas na cidade de Pinhais, estado do Paraná, Brasil. Foram determinados os teores totais e hidrossolúveis em água quente de 22 e 20 elementos, respectivamente. A composição elementar dos frutos apresentou a seguinte ordem decrescente: C, K, N, Mg, Ca, P, Al, Na, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ba, Cu, Ni, Mo, Pb, Cr, As, Co, Ag, V e Cd. Já, para as folhas, a ordem decrescente foi: C, N, K, Ca, Mg, P, Al, Mn, Na, Fe, Zn, Ba, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cr, Mo, As, Co, Ag, V e Cd. Verificou-se que 2 de 8 elementos apresentaram maior hidrossolubilidade nos frutos que nas folhas. Caso a infusão dos frutos ou das folhas fosse consumida, teria valor nutritivo para K, Mg, P, Mn, Cr, Mo, Cu e Zn, enquanto o consumo de cápsulas contribuiria apenas para o Mn via folhas. Em geral, os frutos têm composição, solubilidade de elementos em água quente e valor nutricional diferente das folhas de erva-mate.

International audience; Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been used by several kinds of urban and nature monitoring applications as an important interface between physical and computational environments. Node clustering is a common technique to organize data traffic, reduce communication overhead and enable better network traffic management, improving scalability and energy efficiency. Although current clustering protocols treat various kinds of dynamicity in the network, such as mobility or cluster-head rotations, few solutions consider the readings similarity, which could provide benefits in terms of better use of compression techniques and reactive detection of anomalous events. For maintaining similarity aware clusters, the synchronization of the cluster’s average reading would allow a distributed and adaptive operation. In this article, we propose an architecture for dynamic and distributed data-aware clustering, and the Dynamic Data-aware Firefly-based Clustering (DDFC) protocol to handle spatial similarity between node readings. The DDFC operation takes into account the biological principles of fireflies to ensure distributed synchronization of the clusters’ similar readings aggregations. DDFC was compared to other protocols and the results demonstrated its capability of maintaining synchronized cluster readings aggregations, thereby enabling nodes to be dynamically clustered according to their readings.

Differences in the ability to fix and transfer N have been shown between perennial legume species. However, the traits responsible for such variations are largely to be identified. This study aimed at comparing the dynamics of N transfer from alfalfa and white clover and test whether their differences resulted from difference in fixation, legume proportion, population dynamics or tissue composition. [br/]A three-year field experiment and a greenhouse experiment were carried out. Nitrogen fixation and transfer were assessed trough (15) N dilution and difference methods.[br/]Both experiments confirmed significant differences between legumes regarding N transfer capacity. Although alfalfa cumulated twice as much biomass and fixed nitrogen, it transferred smaller amounts of N (59 versus 147 kg N.ha(-1) over three years in the field) under a delayed dynamic. The amounts of nitrogen transferred were related to recent decreases in legume population density. Moreover, root tissue composition differed; white clover had a higher proportion of fine roots with a lower C/N and lignin content. This resulted in more rapid N release from the severed roots of clover.[br/]The traits controlling plant persistency, root material turnover and residue quality may better explain N transfer dynamics than overall legume production and fixation.

This work presents a derivative-free trust-region algorithm for probability maximization problems. We assume that the probability function is continuously differentiable with Lipschitz continuous gradient, but no derivatives are available. The algorithm explores the particular structure of the probability objective function through models based on copulae. Under reasonable assumptions, the global convergence of the algorithm is analyzed: we prove that all accumulation points of the sequence generated by the algorithm are stationary. The proposed approach is validated by encouraging numerical results on academic and industrial problems.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T17:23:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-03-14 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Semiterrestrial tadpoles live on wet rock surfaces and have evolved independently in at least seven anuran families. They have a flat venter, laterally compressed keratinized jaws and elongated, largely finless tails. When threatened, they can jump. Here, we describe the kinematics of locomotion for semiterrestrial tadpoles of the genera Cycloramphus and Thoropa (Cycloramphidae). Forward locomotion can be accomplished solely by the upper jaw cyclically engaging and disengaging from the substrate. Undulating tail movements, in contrast, cause the tadpoles to move laterally, like sidewinding snakes, rather than forwards. Jumping is an explosive escape behaviour with an unpredictable trajectory. Jumping requires rapid elevation of the head and extension of the torso and tail. This is made possible by epaxial musculature that extends onto the cranium and movement of the tail in the sagittal plane. Tadpoles near metamorphosis extend their hindlimbs symmetrically when jumping, even when the limbs are too small to provide thrust. The rapid rostral elevation of the snout, extension of the trunk and symmetrical extension of the hindlimbs is a kinematic pattern shared with post-metamorphic frogs when they jump. This suggests that semiterrestrial tadpoles use essentially the same neural programme as that used by frogs to jump. Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Inst Biociencias, Dept Biodiversidade, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Inst Biociencias, Ctr Aquicultura CAUNESP, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Parana UFPR, ACF Ctr Politecn, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Ecol & Biol Evolut, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, Brazil Fac Med, Dept Cellular & Physiol Sci, 2350 Hlth Sci Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Inst Biociencias, Dept Biodiversidade, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Inst Biociencias, Ctr Aquicultura CAUNESP, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2013/50741-7 FAPESP: 2013/20420-4 FAPESP: 2015/11239-0 CNPq: 306623/2018-8 CAPES: 88887.511397/2020-00

Made available in DSpace on 2022-05-01T11:07:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-01-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) The periodontium comprises all structures surrounding the teeth, including gingiva, root cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Those tissues aim to protect and support the teeth and are challenged by a residing microbiota that leads to subclinical inflammation even in physiological conditions. Periodontitis, a prevalent multicausal inflammatory and destructive disease, develops as a result from complex host-parasite interactions. This unique physiologic and pathologic scenario enables the development of research methods which allows conclusions beyond the simple understanding of periodontal homeostasis. The aim of this viewpoint was to explore potential contributions of periodontal research to a wide array of basic science specialties, such as cell and molecular biology, microbiology, immunology, endocrinology, rheumatology, among others. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ São Paulo State University - UNESP Federal University of Parana - UFPR São Paulo State University - UNESP CAPES: 88887.583248/2020-00

All data presented are available via the invacost R package. Related code and supplementary data available at github.com/cjabradshaw/InvaCostVersionTrends.; International audience; Biological invasions are a global challenge that has received insufficient attention. Recently available cost syntheses have provided policy and decision makers with reliable and up-to-date information on the economic impacts of invasive alien species, aiming to motivate effective management. The resultant InvaCost database is now publicly and freely accessible and enables rapid extraction of monetary cost information globally. This has facilitated knowledge sharing, developed a more integrated and multidisciplinary network of researchers, and forged multidisciplinary collaborations among diverse organisations and stakeholders. Over 50 scientific publications so far have used the database and provided detailed assessments of invasion costs across geographic, taxonomic, and spatio-temporal scales. These studies have been instrumental in guiding policy and legislative decisions, while attracting public and media attention. We provide an overview of the improved availability, reliability, and defragmentation of monetary costs, how this has enhanced invasion science as a discipline, and outline directions for future development

International audience

We have studied the effect of He$^+$ irradiation on the dynamics of chiral domain walls in Pt/Co/AlOx trilayers in the creep regime. The irradiation leads to a strong decrease of the depinning field and a non-monotonous change of the effective pinning barriers. The variations of domain wall dynamics result essentially from the strong decrease of the effective anisotropy constant, which increases the domain wall width. The latter is found to present a perfect scaling with the length-scale of the interaction between domain wall and disorder, $\xi$. On the other hand, the strength of the domain wall-disorder interaction, $f_{pin}$, is weakly impacted by the irradiation, suggesting that the length-scales of the disorder fluctuation remain smaller than the domain wall width., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:49:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-12-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The production of forest seedlings with adequate morphological and physiological characteristics is essential for the success of plantations. Substrates and irrigation are the major factors determining seedlings’ growth. Substrates made of urban and agricultural residues are a sustainable alternative to peatbased substrates. In this study, we evaluated how composted sewage sludge substrates affect the growth and gas exchange in seedlings of Cedrela fissilis Vell. Seedlings were produced under daily irrigation depths of 6, 9, and 12 mm, and on different substrates. The substrates were based on sewage sludge composted with Eucalyptus bark or sugarcane bagasse, and a commercial substrate based on peat, involving a double factorial design with 12 treatments (3 irrigation depths × 3 substrates). Both physical and chemical characteristics of substrates were analyzed, and morphological traits and gas exchanges of seedlings were measured. Sewage sludge-based substrates presented different characteristics according to the material it was mixed. Eucalyptus bark provided higher bulk density (0.19 g cm-3) and lower total porosity (75%) to the substrate, while sugarcane bagasse increased macroporosity up to 60%. Seedlings produced in sewage sludge-based substrates presented a height up to 17.8 cm and stem diameters of between 8.39-10.29 mm. Higher shoot and root dry mass was obtained in sewage sludge-based substrates with irrigation depth of 9 mm, which were 3.71 and 2.01 g, respectively. Photosynthetic carbon assimilation varied between 2.26 and 3.23 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1, and water use efficiency varied from 2.058 to 3.395 µmol CO2 (mol H2O)-1, with the highest values being obtained in seedlings produced in sewage sludge-based substrates with irrigation depth of 6 mm. Our results demonstrate that sewage sludgebased substrates are an efficient alternative to commercial peat-based substrates for seedling production. Federal University of Paraná-UFPR Forestry Sciences Department, Paraná São Paulo State University-UNESP Department of Forest Science Soils and Environment, São Paulo Département des Sciences Fondamentales Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC) Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Groupe de Recherche en Écologie de la MRC-Abitibi Institut de Recherche sur les Forêts Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue-UQAT Grupo de Análisis y Planificación del Medio Natural Universidad de Huelva, dr. Cantero Cuadrado 6 São Paulo State University-UNESP Department of Forest Science Soils and Environment, São Paulo CAPES: 001 FAPESP: 2013/50413-0

Made available in DSpace on 2022-05-01T09:47:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-12-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Universidade Federal do Paraná Fundação Araucária Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Accidents involving Brown spiders are reported throughout the world. In the venom, the major toxins involved in the deleterious effects are phospholipases D (PLDs). In this work, recombinant mutated phospholipases D from three endemic species medically relevant in South America (Loxosceles intermedia, L. laeta and L. gaucho) were tested as antigens in a vaccination protocol. In such isoforms, key amino acid residues involved in catalysis, magnesium-ion coordination, and binding to substrates were replaced by Alanine (H12A-H47A, E32A-D34A and W230A). These mutations eliminated the phospholipase activity and reduced the generation of skin necrosis and edema to residual levels. Molecular modeling of mutated isoforms indicated that the three-dimensional structures, topologies, and surface charges did not undergo significant changes. Mutated isoforms were recognized by sera against the crude venoms. Vaccination protocols in rabbits using mutated isoforms generated a serum that recognized the native PLDs of crude venoms and neutralized dermonecrosis and edema induced by L. intermedia venom. Vaccination of mice prevented the lethal effects of L. intermedia crude venom. Furthermore, vaccination of rabbits prevented the cutaneous lesion triggered by the three venoms. These results indicate a great potential for mutated recombinant PLDs to be employed as antigens in developing protective vaccines for Loxoscelism. Department of Cell Biology Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) Production and Research Center of Immunobiological Products (CPPI) State Department of Health Veterinary Hospital Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) Department of Structural Molecular Biology and Genetics State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG) Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation Departament of Physics Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation Departament of Physics Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Universidade Federal do Paraná: 02/2020 Universidade Federal do Paraná: 04/2019 Fundação Araucária: 057/2017 CNPq: 303868/2016-3 CNPq: 408633/2018-2

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:46:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Few works on solution-processed zinc oxide vertical transistors and electrolyte-gated transistors have shown the merits of both architectures. Here, we present an electrolyte-gated vertical field-effect transistor (EGVFET) based on a spray-deposited zinc oxide/silver nanowire (ZnO/AgNW) Schottky contact. The output curve shows that the device operates at a sub-1 V bias. Also, the electrolyte does not affect the diode cell, and the cyclic voltammetry of the capacitor cell does not indicate a faradic process between AgNW and the top-gate electrode. From the transfer curve, we extracted an ION/IOFF ratio of 104, an on-current density of 65.3 mA/cm2 and a normalized transconductance of 113.4 S/cm2. Our contribution places the ZnO-EGVFET structure on the front line to develop printed transistors without a high-resolution pattern. São Paulo State University – UNESP, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCT), Physics Department, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil. (e-mail: leonardo.nogueira@unesp.br) São Paulo State University – UNESP, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCT), Physics Department, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil. Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR, Physics Department, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná – UTFPR, Physics Department, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.

The ${\bf E}\times{\bf B}$ drift motion of particles in tokamaks provides valuable information on the turbulence-driven anomalous transport. One of the characteristic features of the drift motion dynamics is the presence of chaotic orbits for which the guiding center can experience large-scale drifts. If one or more exits are placed within that chaotic orbit, the corresponding escape basins structure is complicated and, indeed, exhibits fractal structures. We investigate those structures through a number of numerical diagnostics, tailored to quantify the final-state uncertainty related to the fractal escape basins. We estimate the escape basin boundary dimension through the uncertainty exponent method, and quantify final-state uncertainty by the basin entropy and the basin boundary entropy. Finally, we describe the so-called Wada property, for the case of three or more escape basins. This property is verified both qualitatively and quantitatively, using a grid approach., 15 pages, 10 figures

Tropical vines and lianas have evolved mechanisms to avoid mechanical damage during their climbing life histories. We explore the mechanical properties and stem development of a tropical climber that develops trellises in tropical rain forest canopies. We measured the young stems of Condylocarpon guianensis (Apocynaceae) that construct complex trellises via self-supporting shoots, attached stems, and unattached pendulous stems. The results suggest that, in this species, there is a size (stem diameter) and developmental threshold at which plant shoots will make the developmental transition from stiff young shoots to later flexible stem properties. Shoots that do not find a support remain stiff, becoming pendulous and retaining numerous leaves. The formation of a second TYPE II (lianoid) wood is triggered by attachment, guaranteeing increased flexibility of light-structured shoots that transition from self-supporting searchers to inter-connected net-like trellis components. The results suggest that this species shows a “hard-wired” development that limits self-supporting growth among the slender stems that make up a liana trellis. The strategy is linked to a stem-twining climbing mode and promotes a rapid transition to flexible trellis elements in cluttered densely branched tropical forest habitats. These are situations that are prone to mechanical perturbation via wind action, tree falls, and branch movements. The findings suggest that some twining lianas are mechanically fine-tuned to produce trellises in specific habitats. Trellis building is carried out by young shoots that can perform very different functions via subtle development changes to ensure a safe space occupation of the liana canopy.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:31:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-11-01 Savanna tree communities occurring in confluence zones with other biomes likely experience different environmental pressures, resulting in shifts in the selection of individual traits, the combinations of such traits, and species composition. In seasonally dry fire-prone environments, plant survival is presumably associated with adaptive changes in bark properties related to fire protection and water storage. Here, we integrated the multiple functions of the bark to investigate whether different selective pressures could influence patterns of variation in bark structure and allocation across species in a broad geographical range. We measured thickness, density, and water content of the inner and outer bark in branches and the main stem of the 51 most abundant species in three savanna communities differing in climatic aridity, one located at the core region of Cerrado in Central Brazil and the other two at its periphery, in the transition zones with Amazonia and Atlantic forest biomes. We found no difference in outer bark thickness but markedly difference in inner bark thickness between the three plant communities. In the central region, where dry season is long and fire is frequent, branches and main stem showed thicker inner bark. Contrastingly, in the south periphery region, where dry season is short, species showed thinner inner bark in both branches and main stem. Species from the north periphery region, where mean annual precipitation is higher, but fire is frequent and the dry season is also long, showed similar main stem inner bark thickness, but thinner branch inner bark compared to core region species. Our findings support the idea that investing in inner bark thickness and bark moisture may be the most advantageous strategy in plant communities that suffer from high evaporative demand during a long period and are at a high risk of fire. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade Federal do Paraná Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista Environmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Departamento de Botânica Universidade Federal de São Carlos Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Federal do Paraná Laboratório de Ecologia Funcional de Comunidades (LABEF) Departamento de Botânica Universidade Federal do Paraná Department of Plant & Microbial Biology North Carolina State University Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso – UNEMAT Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Vegetal Departamento de Botânica Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade de Brasília Select Carbon Pty Ltd Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista

Made available in DSpace on 2022-05-01T09:31:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-01-01 The Atlantic Forest, a hotspot for biodiversity conservation, harbours five forest deer species (Mazama spp.). Due to their elusiveness, there is a severe scarcity of occurrence data to support ecological studies and conservation planning. Thus, we assembled an occurrence dataset of Atlantic Forest deer with reliable taxonomic information aggregating data from scat and camera traps surveys, and opportunistic data collection over the last 20 years. From 2002 to 2019, we surveyed 77 protected areas using scats detection dogs and genetically identifying the faecal samples. We successfully identified 1,147 out of 1,450 collected samples. From 2000 to 2020, we sampled six protected areas in 92 sampling points with 13,328 camera trap days of sampling effort. In addition, we established an active search for potential contributors within the scientific community and environmental consultants since 2010, offering a taxonomic identification service for camera traps images, and biological field-collected samples. With our efforts, we assembled a dataset with 1,456 records of forest deer occurrence at the Atlantic Forest. Of these records, 494 are from M. americana, 350 from M. bororo, 309 from M. gouazoubira, 268 from M. nana and 35 from M. nemorivaga. The faecal sampling was the most predominant method in these records (n = 1043) followed by photographs from camera traps (n = 388); both methods represent 98.2% of our dataset records. Most of the records (79.5%) in the dataset are inside protected areas (n = 1,130). Our dataset is the most comprehensive source of information on Neotropical forest deer occurrence to date. Deer Research and Conservation Center São Paulo State University, SP Federal University of Latin American Integration, PR Neotropical Institute: Research and Conservation, PR Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Universidade Federal Do Oeste Do Pará Santarém, PA Caipora Cooperativa, SC Wildlife Ecology Management and Conservation Lab (LEMaC) Forest Science Department “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture University of São Paulo, SP Manacá Institute, SP Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ecologia E Conservação Universidade Federal Do Paraná Instituto de Pesquisas Cananéia, SP Pró-Tapir Institute for Biodiversity, ES Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica, ES Federal University of Espírito Santo, ES Federal University of Maranhão, MA Laboratório de Biodiversidade Conservação e Ecologia de Animais Silvestres (LABCEAS) Programa de Pós-Graduação E Ecologia E Conservação Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Federal Do Paraná (UFPR), SP Deer Research and Conservation Center São Paulo State University, SP

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:45:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 During its 13 years of non-continuous operation, the Osamu Utsumi Mine has generated serious environmental impacts. This mining complex is now attempting to decommission this uranium mine to reduce its environmental liabilities. As part of a hydrogeological analysis of the old Osamu Utsumi Mine pit area, a geophysical investigation was carried out along each front of the mine pit using electrical resistivity tomography and a dipole–dipole array. The lithology described in each front, the physical access, and data from monitoring wells also contributed to the geophysical interpretation and, hence, the hydrogeological analysis. The field results and geochemical data from monitoring wells enabled us to distinguish areas where water was flowing through fractures in the massif and areas with more acidic water, with electrical resistivity values less than 15 Ω m. Geosciences and Exact Sciences Institute (IGCE) São Paulo State University (UNESP, 24-A Ave, 1515, Bela Vista Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), XV de Novembro Str, 1299, Downtown Geosciences and Exact Sciences Institute (IGCE) São Paulo State University (UNESP, 24-A Ave, 1515, Bela Vista

Purpose: Sentiment analysis is built from the information provided through text (reviews) to help understand the social sentiment toward their brand, product, or service. The main purpose of this paper is to draw an overview of the topics and the use of the sentiment analysis approach in tourism research. Methods: The study is a bibliometric analysis (VOSviewer), with a systematic and integrative review. The search occurred in March 2021 (Scopus) applying the search terms "sentiment analysis" and "tourism" in the title, abstract, or keywords, resulting in a final sample of 111 papers. Results: This analysis pointed out that China (35) and the United States (24) are the leading countries studying sentiment analysis with tourism. The first paper using sentiment analysis was published in 2012; there is a growing interest in this topic, presenting qualitative and quantitative approaches. The main results present four clusters to understand this subject. Cluster 1 discusses sentiment analysis and its application in tourism research, searching how online reviews can impact decision-making. Cluster 2 examines the resources used to make sentiment analysis, such as social media. Cluster 3 argues about methodological approaches in sentiment analysis and tourism, such as deep learning and sentiment classification, to understand the user-generated content. Cluster 4 highlights questions relating to the internet and tourism. Implications: The use of sentiment analysis in tourism research shows that government and entrepreneurship can draw and enhance communication strategies, reduce cost, and time, and mainly contribute to the decision-making process and understand consumer behavior., SUBMITTED: FEB 2021, 1st REVISION SUBMITTED: JUN 2021, 2nd REVISION SUBMITTED: AUG 2021, ACCEPTED: SEP 2021, REFEREED ANONYMOUSLY, PUBLISHED ONLINE: 18 OCT 2021

International audience; Here we list species-specific recommendations for housing, care and management of cephalopod molluscs employed for research purposes with the aim of contributing to the standardization of minimum requirements for establishments, care and accommodation of these animals in compliance with the principles stated in Directive 2010/63/EU. Maximizing their psychophysical welfare was our priority. General recommendations on water surface area, water depth and tank shape here reported represent the outcome of the combined action of the analysis of the available literature and an expertise-based consensus reached – under the aegis of the COST Action FA1301 – among researchers working with the most commonly used cephalopod species in Europe. Information on water supply and quality, environmental conditions, stocking density, feeding and handling are also provided. Through this work we wish to set the stage for a more fertile ground of evidence-based approaches on cephalopod laboratory maintenance, thus facilitating standardization and replicability of research outcomes across laboratories, at the same time maximizing the welfare of these animals.

9 pages and 6 figures; The L-H transition leads to a substantial reduction in transport levels in tokamaks and stellarators, improving the plasma confinement in such devices. After the transition, the plasma is in a high-confinement regime characterized by steep density and temperature gradients, with a large radial electric field at the plasma edge. In this paper, we show that, on using an ExB wave transport model on a test particle, such large electric fields can produce shearless transport barriers (STBs), which are related to the presence of non-monotonic sheared profiles, preventing almost all the chaotic flux at the plasma edge. The behavior of these barriers enables us to investigate the properties of the L-H transition as a function of the intensity of the electrostatic fluctuations and the depth of the typical radial electric field well-like profile, developed at plasma edge during the transition. We found that, as the radial electric field well depth increases, the shearless edge transport barrier becomes more resistant to perturbations and that, eventually, an improved plasma confinement regime is accessed. In this sense, we found results consistent with the experimental observations. In particular, the transition curve in the parameter plane associated with the STB has a fractal structure, thanks to the non-integrable nature of the associated Hamiltonian.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:42:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-10-01 The Tocantins-Araguaia Basin is one of the largest river systems in South America, located entirely within Brazilian territory. In the last decades, capital-concentrating activities such as agribusiness, mining, and hydropower promoted extensive changes in land cover, hydrology, and environmental conditions. These changes are jeopardizing the basin’s biodiversity and ecosystem services. Threats are escalating as poor environmental policies continue to be formulated, such as environmentally unsustainable hydropower plants, large-scale agriculture for commodity production, and aquaculture with non-native fish. If the current model persists, it will deepen the environmental crisis in the basin, compromising broad conservation goals and social development in the long term. Better policies will require thought and planning to minimize growing threats and ensure the basin’s sustainability for future generations. Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquaticos Continentais (PEA) Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses Instituto René Rachou Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Museu de Zoologia e Taxidermia José Hidasi Universidade Estadual do Tocantins (Unitins) Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) Laboratório de Ictiologia Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) Laboratório de Paleontologia e Evolução Curso de Geologia Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) Laboratório de Biogeografia e Ecologia Aquática Universidade Estadual de Goiás Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Herbário do Tocantins Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) Laboratório de Ictiologia Sistemática Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) Departamento de Zoologia Universidade de Brasília Researcher Departamento de Ecologia Universidade de Brasília (UnB) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA) Laboratório de Ecologia de Peixes e Invasões Biológicas Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) Laboratório de Entomologia Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel) Environmental Sciences Program-CIAMB Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) Campus Universitário do Araguaia Laboratório de Microbiologia Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) Fundação Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável (FBDS) & Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) Laboratório de Ecologia e Zoologia (LABECZ) Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) Laboratório de Ecologia de Peixes Departamento de Ecologia Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) Laboratório de Análise e Síntese em Biodiversidade Departamento de Botânica Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) Secretaria de Estado da Educação de Goiás-(Seduc-GO) UNISANTA PPGECOMAR Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) Laboratório de Paleobiologia Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) Departamento de Ecologia e Conservação Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) Laboratório de Caracterização de Impactos Ambientais (LCIA) Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) Embrapa Cerrado Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) Laboratório de Análises Geoambientais (LGA) Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) Centro de Biologia Aquática Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás Laboratório de Biodiversidade Universidade Evangélica de Goiás Escola de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas Pontifícia Universidade Católica (PUC) Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade - ICB/UFG Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupelia) Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) Departamento de Direito Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais e Limnológicas (Nepal) Universidade de Brasília (UnB) Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação (LEC) Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA) Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”

International audience; The estimation of tropospheric gradients in GNSS data processing is a well-known technique to improve positioning precision.To study the correlation between the tropospheric gradients and the topography, we computed Zenith Wet Delay (ZWD) and tropospheric gradients using the GIPSY-OASIS II SOFTWARE from 2 years of GPS observations recorded at 52 worldwide permanent stations, focusing on regions with significant relief. We observe that gradient directions are stable over time and point towards the relief for most of the considered stations. Based on these results, we discuss the physical meaning of the tropospheric horizontal gradients and we investigate why gradients have this particular direction for stations located nearby high mountains. The GPS stations were selected and classified into four main categories: stations close to a mountain range or an isolated mountain (class 1 and 2), stations surrounded by isolated mountains in several directions or in all directions (class 3 and 4). The correlation between the gradient direction and their magnitude with respect to mountain slopes was analysed. A very clear correlation appears for stations of classes 1 and 2 whereas no correlation is obvious for stations of classes 3 and 4. For 89% of stations in classes 1 and 2, a relevant correlation appears, varying between 0.4 and 1. For 64% of stations in classes 1 and 2, a relevant correlation appears, varying between 0.6 and 1. Horizontal gradients estimation show very significant amplitude and a stable direction all along the year, this main direction is most of the time pointing towards the direction of mountains. This behaviour can be explained by a vertical shift of the tropospheric layer due to the presence of mountains, close to the station and up to the maximum distance of 60 km from the station. This orientation does not seem to depend on seasons because no annual or bimonthly means variations appear for all stations. Moreover diurnal variations do not appear on the spatial distribution of the gradients and results are similar for neighbouring stations, separated by few km, which show that local effects such as multipath propagation have influence.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-05-01T09:30:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Crop rotations under no-till (NT) have been a strategy to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) and mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, enhancing the cropping system efficiency. However, there is still controversy on the role of grasses and legumes, and species diversity and their impacts. This study aimed to assess the GHG emissions, SOC, and Nitrogen (TN) in a soybean production system managed under NT in rotation with different species in the fall-winter and the spring seasons. Main plots during the fall-winter were (1) Triticale (x Triticosecale) and (2) Sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Subplots established in the spring were (a) Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea), (b) Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), (c) Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), plus a (d) Fallow treatment. Soybean was grown every year in the summer, in sub-subplots. The GHG emission was affected according to crop species. In the spring, Sunn hemp emitted more nitrous oxide (N2O) (0.82 kg ha-1) than fallow (0.58 kg ha-1); however, the high C and N inputs by the legume and also other cover crop residues reduced the relative emissions compared with fallow. Growing pearl millet or Sunn hemp as a spring cover crop increases SOC by 7% on average compared with fallow. The N2O emission of Sunn hemp accounted for only 0.28% of the total N accumulated in the legume residues, notably lower than IPCC estimates. In the fall-winter, Triticale increased SOC by 7%, decreased CO2 emission by 18%, and emitted 20% lower GHG to produce the same soybean yield compared with sunflower. Soybean rotation with triticale in fall-winter and Sunn hemp or pearl millet in spring decreases GHG emissions. Our results indicate that the right choice of species in rotation with soybean under NT increases SOC and may offset GHG emissions from tropical soils. It may be an important tool in mitigating potential global warming. São Paulo State University UNESP College of Agricultural Sciences Department of Crop Science, SP Federal University of Paraná UFPR Department of Agronomic Sciences, PR Goiano Federal Institute IF Goiano Department of Agriculture, GO São Paulo State University UNESP College of Agricultural Sciences Department of Crop Science, SP

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:31:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Population growth has led to an intensified search for ways to increase the efficiency of agricultural production, including improvements of irrigation systems. This work aimed to evaluate the uniformity of different drip fertigation techniques, as well as their monitoring using electrical conductivity measurements and statistical quality control charts. For this, an experiment was performed according to a fully randomized design, with six treatments: T1) water (control); T2) Forth Frutas fertilizer; T3) Fortgreen fertilizer; T4) water (control); T5) Bio Bokashi liquid fertilizer; and T6) swine production wastewater. Each treatment consisted of 25 assays (replications). For the assays, 16 collection points were selected for measurements of volume, pH, and electrical conductivity. The data were analyzed using the Christiansen uniformity coefficient, the distribution uniformity coefficient, and the coefficient of variation of the total flow, employing Tukey’s test (5% level), with statistical quality control charts. The results revealed uniformity above 90% for irrigation and fertigation, while statistically better control was obtained for irrigation. It could be concluded that irrigation and fertigation were similar in terms of uniformity, demonstrating the feasibility of using different fertigation solutions, while the control charts enabled efficient monitoring of the uniformity of the systems. Departamento de Engenharia Rural Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Avenida Universitária, nº 3780, Altos do Paraíso Departamento de Engenharias e Exatas Universidade Federal do Paraná – Setor Palotina, Rua Pioneiro, nº 2153, Jardim Dallas Departamento de Produção e Melhoramento Vegetal Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Avenida Universitária, nº 3780, Altos do Paraíso Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Terra Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Rua Universitária, nº 2069, Jardim Universitário Unidade de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Jaú “Hélio de Moraes” Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC) Rodovia Deputado Leônidas Pacheco Ferreira (SP 304 Jaú-Bariri), Km 304, Pouso Alegre de Baixo, C.P. 66 Departamento de Engenharia Rural Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Avenida Universitária, nº 3780, Altos do Paraíso Departamento de Produção e Melhoramento Vegetal Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Avenida Universitária, nº 3780, Altos do Paraíso

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:30:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of seminal plasma IGF-I and total proteins from peripubertal bulls with semen characteristics and onset of puberty. Sixteen dairy Gyr bulls were separated into early (n = 8) and regular (n = 8) groups, according to the onset of puberty. Semen was monthly collected by electroejaculation from 14 to 26 months of age, and the onset of puberty was retrospectively determined (17.0 ± 1.6 and 19.2 ± 1.5 months, to early and regular group, respectively). Five time points were evaluated (day −60, day −30, day 0, day 30 and day 60 days of puberty), being day 0 considered as beginning of puberty. Scrotal circumference and body weight were also assessed. Semen characteristics were evaluated, the seminal plasma was separated by centrifugation and total protein and IGF-I concentrations were determined. There was no difference between groups to concentration of the seminal plasma total proteins, but we found an interaction between group and age. Seminal plasma IGF-I concentrations were not different between early and regular groups; thus, the data were combined for analysis. Combined IGF-I concentrations were positively correlated with sperm motility and concentration, age, body weight and scrotal circumference. Negative correlation was found between IGF-I concentration and total sperm defects. Increased IGF-I was observed in day −30 and day 0 of puberty in early and regular groups, respectively. Seminal plasma total proteins are involved in peripubertal modifications and IGF-I from Zebus dairy bulls can influence the seminal characteristics and the growth factor increase occurs concomitantly with body growth but cannot be used to define puberty bulls earlier. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Federal do Paraná Centro de Ciências Agrárias e da Biodiversidade Universidade Federal do Cariri Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias Universidad de La Salle Departamento de Cirurgia Veterinária e Reprodução Animal FMVZ Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP Departamento de Salud Animal y Producción de Hato Universidad Nacional de Colombia Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Escola de Veterinária da UFMG Departamento de Cirurgia Veterinária e Reprodução Animal FMVZ Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:41:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-06-30 Fundação Grupo Boticário de Proteção à Natureza Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Instituto de Biociências, Praça Infante Dom Henrique s/n Mater Natura - Instituto de Estudos Ambientais, Rua Emiliano Perneta, 297, sala 122 Universidade Federal Do Paraná Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Instituto de Biociências, Praça Infante Dom Henrique s/n

International audience; Intraspecific competition at the larval stage is an important ecological factor affecting life-history, adaptation and evolutionary trajectory in holometabolous insects. However, the molecular pathways underpinning these ecological processes are poorly characterised. We reared Drosophila melanogaster at three egg densities (5, 60 and 300 eggs/mL) and sequenced the transcriptomes of pooled third-instar larvae. We also examined emergence time, egg-to-adult viability, adult mass and adult sex-ratio at each density. Medium crowding had minor detrimental effects on adult phenotypes compared to low density and yielded 24 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including several chitinase enzymes. In contrast, high crowding had substantial detrimental effects on adult phenotypes and yielded 2107 DEGs. Among these, upregulated gene sets were enriched in sugar, steroid and amino acid metabolism as well as DNA replication pathways, whereas downregulated gene sets were enriched in ABC transporters, Taurine, Toll/Imd signalling and P450 xenobiotics metabolism pathways. Overall, our findings show that larval crowding has a large consistent effect on several molecular pathways (i.e., core responses) with few pathways displaying density-specific regulation (i.e., idiosyncratic responses). This provides important insights into how holometabolous insects respond to intraspecific competition during development. Graphical Abstract: Graphical Abstract/Highlights: The transcriptomic signature of responses to larval crowding in Drosophila melanogaster. High larval crowding delays development and reduce adult body size Upregulated gene sets included in amino acid metabolism and DNA replication Downregulated gene sets included Imd/Toll (immunity) and P450 (xenobiotics) This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Some internal transport barriers in tokamaks have been related to the vicinity of extrema of the plasma equilibrium profiles. This effect is numerically investigated by considering the guiding-center trajectories of plasma particles undergoing ExB drift motion, considering that the electric field has a stationary nonmonotonic radial profile and an electrostatic fluctuation. In addition, the equilibrium configuration has a nonmonotonic safety factor profile. The numerical integration of the equations of motion yields a symplectic map with shearless barriers. By changing the parameters of the safety factor profile, the appearance, and breakup of these shearless curves are observed. The successive shearless curves breakup and recovering is explained using concepts from bifurcation theory. We also present bifurcation sequences associated to the creation of multiple shearless curves. Physical consequences of scenarios with multiple shearless curves are discussed., 18 pages, 9 figures. Replacement improved the text

International audience; Dans cet article est présenté un synthétiseur d'impulsions ultra large-bande (ULB) à enveloppe échantillonnée-bloquée pour la bande 3,1 GHz-10,6 GHz. Il est construit autour d'un oscillateur contrôlé en tension à démarrage et arrêt rapide et d'un circuit de mise en forme d'enveloppe. Le circuit de mise en forme permet d'appliquer aux impulsions générées par l'oscillateur une enveloppe échantillonnée-bloquée qui peut sous certaines conditions permettre la conformité à un masque radiofréquence particulier tout en réduisant la complexité du circuit à concevoir. Afin de couvrir l'intégralité de la bande 3,1 GHz-10,6 GHz, le synthétiseur d'impulsions présenté a été conçu en technologie CMOS 28 nm et est alimenté avec une tension de 1 V. Ce circuit peut être configuré pour adresser chacun des canaux du standard IEEE 802.15.4 tout en respectant les exigences de l'autorité américaine de régulations des communications (FCC). Enfin, le circuit peut être éteint entre l'émission de deux impulsions et n'a alors qu'une consommation de 15 µW environ.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:30:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Northeastern Brazil has thousands of wetland fossiliferous deposits with megafauna and, in some cases, associated lithic artifacts. The timing of the arrival of humans in South America and the extinction of megafauna is still debated and these sites contribute both to this discussion and to the reconstruction of the Late Pleistocene and Holocene paleoenvironment. Lagoa do Quari, 40 km south of São Raimundo Nonato, Piauí state, is a marsh deposit in the present semiarid caatinga environment, excavated by an interdisciplinary team in 2002–2003. This paper presents the archaeological, palaeontological, geological, chronological, stratigraphical and palynological results and their implications for the Quaternary of northeastern Brazil. The site has a rich megafaunal bonebed at the bottom, dominated by Eremotherium giant sloth remains with poor biodiversity, and a sandy-silty deposit at the top; two 14C dates constrain this latter layer to 9,944–9,557 and 6,308–6,177 cal. years BP and the associated rich lithic industry of quartz and chert shows a technical continuity throughout the Holocene in the region. Palynology describes an open landscape with periodic wet phases, which could explain the richness of the archaeological occurrences in Holocenic Brazilian prehistory. This study offers a model of interdisciplinary enquiry into the paleoenvironment and prehistory of lowland South America. Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Arqueológicas - Dep. Antropologia Universidade Federal do Paraná Istituto Italiano di Paleontologia Umana, Piazza R. Bonghi 2 Fundação Museu do Homem Americano São Raimundo Nonato Laboratório de Palinologia/Ecologia—Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública (ENSP) Fiocruz UFR Temps et Territoires Université Lumière Lyon-2 Université de Lyon Lares srl Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Société Scientifique du Bourbonnais Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:59:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Three new species of Oleandra from the Neotropics are described, illustrated, and compared to similar species. Oleandra amazonica and O. steyermarkii are endemic to the Guiana Shield, whereas O. hovenkampii has an apparent disjunct distribution, being known from Peru and Costa Rica. We also re-define the informal, morphological groups of Neotropical Oleandra: 1. Species with slender, creeping stems clothed with squarrose, spreading scales, and forming stipe-like phyllopodia, with alternate and spaced phyllotaxy; 2. An intermediate group between groups 1 and 3, composed of species with mostly slender, creeping stems clothed with appressed scales, and forming stipe-like phyllopodia, with mixed phylotaxy (alternate in some species, tending to verticilate in others); and 3. Species with stout, climbing to ascending stems clothed with appressed scales, and forming stem-like phyllopodia, with verticillate phyllotaxy. In total, we recognize 21 valid species for the Neotropics, and tentatively accommodate them in those three groups, each one with 9, 5, and 7 species, respectively. Departamento de Biologia Vegetal Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s.n Departamento de Botânica Centro Politécnico Universidade Federal do Paraná, C.P. 19031 Instituto de Botânica, C.P. 68041 UNESP/IBILCE Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265 UNESP/IBILCE Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:24:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Haemotropic mycoplasmas (haemoplasmas) are small pleomorphic bacteria infecting erythrocytes of several mammalian species, including human beings. No study to date has focused on the risk of bacteria exposure in hunting activities, particularly in natural environments of highly tick-infested areas. Accordingly, the present study aimed to assess haemoplasma occurrence in the complex encompassing wild boars, hunting dogs and hunters of Brazil. A total of 38/65 (58.5%) wild boars and 94/159 (59.1%) dogs were positive by qPCR for at least one haemoplasma. All 25 hunters were negative. Dogs with high hunting frequency were 2.4 more likely to be infected. Sequencing revealed a probable novel haemoplasma species in wild boars. Although exposure to haemoplasma species was present, the study herein found no evidence of cross-species transmission. Department of Comparative Pathobiology Purdue University Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Universidade Federal do Paraná Biotechnology Institute Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Department of Preventive Medicine Universidade de São Paulo Department of Medicine Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa Department of Veterinary Medicine Universidade Federal do Paraná Department of Parasitology Institute of Biological Sciences Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Biotechnology Institute Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)

Area-preserving nontwist maps are used to describe a broad range of physical systems. In those systems, the violation of the twist condition leads to nontwist characteristic phenomena, such as reconnection-collision sequences and shearless invariant curves that act as transport barriers in the phase space. Although reported in numerical investigations, the shearless bifurcation, i.e., the emergence scenario of multiple shearless curves, is not well understood. In this work, we derive an area-preserving map as a local approximation of a particle transport model for confined plasmas. Multiple shearless curves are found in this area-preserving map, with the same shearless bifurcation scenario numerically observed in the original model. Due to its symmetry properties and simple functional form, this map is proposed as a model to study shearless bifurcations., 16 pages, 10 figures

Pediatric adrenocortical tumors (ACT) are rare and often fatal malignancies; little is known regarding their etiology and biology. To provide additional insight into the nature of ACT, we determined the gene expression profiles of 24 pediatric tumors (five adenomas, 18 carcinomas, and one undetermined) and seven normal adrenal glands. Distinct patterns of gene expression, validated by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, were identified that distinguish normal adrenal cortex from tumor. Differences in gene expression were also identified between adrenocortical adenomas and carcinomas. In addition, pediatric adrenocortical carcinomas were found to share similar patterns of gene expression when compared with those published for adult ACT. This study represents the first microarray analysis of childhood ACT. Our findings lay the groundwork for establishing gene expression profiles that may aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of pediatric ACT, and in the identification of signaling pathways that contribute to this disease. [Cancer Res 2007;67(2):600–8]

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:30:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-02-24 Seeds may undergo interference from chemical products that are applied to the mother-plant, either impairing or improving their features, and to determine if there was interference in the seeds, germination and vigor tests are carried out. This study aimed to assess the quality of soybean seeds subjected to pre- and post-emergence herbicides and post-emergence growth regulators. At experiment 1, pre-emergence soybean herbicides were applied, and seeds were sown at the same day of application, at experiment 2, herbicides and growth regulators were applied at post-emergence soybean (V4). Seeds were harvested and subjected to the necessary tests, namely 1,000-seed weight, moisture content, germination, seedling length, tetrazolium and electrical conductivity. In general, herbicides and growth regulators did not cause an adverse impact on soybean seeds quality. Application of flumioxazin or mepiquat chloride caused minimal effects on the soybean seeds quality, with minor reductions in vigor, and no effect on germination. Universidade Federal do Paraná Crop Science Pesquisa e Consultoria Agronomica LTDA Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”

The response of sediment routing to climatic changes across icehouse-to-greenhouse turnovers is not well documented in Earth's pre-Cenozoic sedimentary record. Southwest Gondwana hosts one of the thickest and most laterally extensive records of Earth's penultimate icehouse, the late Paleozoic ice age. We present the first high-resolution U-Pb zircon chemical abrasion–isotope dilution–thermal ionization mass spectrometry (CA-ID-TIMS) analysis of late Paleozoic ice age deposits in the Kalahari Basin of southern Africa, which, coupled with existing CA-ID-TIMS zircon records from the Paraná and Karoo Basins, we used to refine the late Paleozoic ice age glacial history of SW Gondwana. Key findings from this work suggest that subglacial evidence in the Kalahari region is restricted to the Carboniferous (older than 300 Ma), with glacially influenced deposits culminating in this region by the earliest Permian (296 Ma). The U-Pb detrital zircon geochronologic records from the Paraná Basin of South America, which was located downstream of the Kalahari Basin in the latest Carboniferous and Permian, indicate that large-scale changes in sediment supplied to the Paraná were contemporaneous with shifts in the SW Gondwana ice record. Gondwanan deglaciation events were associated with the delivery of far-field, African-sourced sediments into the Paraná Basin. In contrast, Gondwanan glacial periods were associated with the restriction of African-sourced sediments into the basin. We interpret the influx of far-field sediments into the Paraná Basin as an expansion of the catchment area for the Paraná Basin during the deglaciation events, which occurred in the latest Carboniferous (300–299 Ma), early Permian (296 Ma), and late early Permian (

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:49:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-05-01 Abstract: Studies have suggested that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) causes changes in the intestinal microbiota composition and function due to anatomical and physiological modifications. The role of probiotic supplementation after bariatric procedures remains to be determined. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07 supplementation on nutritional and metabolic parameters after RYGB. Materials and Methods: This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Patients were assigned to receive either a probiotic supplement (FloraVantage®) or placebo for three consecutive months, beginning 7 days after surgery. Anthropometric and biochemical indexes were evaluated in the preoperative period and at the end of the study. Results: Following RYGB, serum 25-OH vitamin D increased in both groups compared to baseline; however, this increase was significant only in the probiotic group (p = 0.004). Vitamin B12 levels tended to be higher in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group (p = 0.063), and triglyceride levels showed a significant reduction in the probiotic group only (p < 0.001). In addition, a significant reduction was observed in the anthropometric parameters and glycemic profile (p < 0.05) in both groups. Conclusion: Probiotic supplementation after RYGB improves the vitamin and lipid profile. UFPR Post-graduate Program in Clinical Surgery Surgery Department – Hospital of Clinics Federal University of Paraná, R. Gen. Carneiro, 49 - Alto da Glória, Curitiba -PR School of Medicine Department of Pathology São Paulo State University (UNESP) Nutrition Course of the Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR) Department of Statistics Federal University of Paraná Statistics and Agricultural Experimentation ESALQ-USP Faculty of Health Sciences Federal University of Grande Dourados Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Curitiba Hospital Post-graduate Program in Clinical Surgery Surgery Department Federal University of Parana School of Medicine Department of Pathology São Paulo State University (UNESP)

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:23:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Universidade Federal do Paraná One of the factors that limit grain yield in soybean crops is weed competition. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of an AHAS-transgene soybean cultivar (BRS 397; Cultivance®) subjected to different rates of Soyvance® (525 g kg-1 imazapyr, and 175 g kg-1 imazapic). Two field experiments were conducted in the 2015-2016 crop season in two sites with different soil and weather characteristics located in the state of Paraná, Brazil. A completely randomized block design was used, with 11 treatments consisted of different rates of Soyvance®. Phytotoxicity, chlorophyll index, first pod height, plant height, number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight, and grain yield were evaluated. The use of high rates of the herbicide decreased the final height and grain yield of soybean plants in approximately 25% in both locations, but did not affect their 100-seed weight and chlorophyll index. The use of rates of the commercial product higher than that recommended by the manufacturer (100 g ha-1) may affect the agronomic performance of AHAS-transgene soybean plants. São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Agricultural Sciences Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) Department of Agricultural Sciences, Palotina State University of Maringá (UEM) Program of Agricultural Science, Maringá São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Agricultural Sciences