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We report a novel manufacturing method for bio renewable regenerated cellulose fibres modified with curcumin, a molecule is known for its medicinal properties. Ionic liquid namely 1-Ethyl 3-Methyl Imidazolium diethyl phosphate (emim DEP) was found to be capable of dissolving cellulose as well as curcumin. Regenerated cellulose/curcumin composites fibres with curcumin concentration ranging from 1 to 10 wt% were manufactured using dry jet wet fibres spinning process using three different winding speeds. All the cellulose and curcumin composite fibres showed distinct yellow colour imparted by curcumin. The resultant fibres were characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy, mechanical testing, and X-Ray diffraction studies. Scanning electron microscopy of cellulose/curcumin fibres cross-section did not show curcumin aggregates in cellulose fibres indicating uniform dispersion of curcumin in cellulose matrix. The cellulose chain alignment in cellulose/curcumin composite fibres resulted in tensile strength ranging from 223 to 336 MPa and Young’s modulus ranging from 13 to 14.9 GPa. The mechanical properties of cellulose/curcumin composite fibres thus obtained are better than some of the commercially available regenerated cellulose viscose fibres. The wide-angle X-ray diffraction analysis of cellulose/curcumin composite fibres showed good alignment of cellulose chains along the fibre axis. Thus, our findings are a major step in manufacturing strong cellulose fibres with a pharmacologically potent drug curcumin which in future could be used for medicinal, cosmetic and food packaging applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Nanoparticles have been increasingly used to improve the properties of textile fabrics. Viscose and polyester fabrics are treated with SiO2 nanoparticle by another technique than the conventional sol–gel method in presence of binder (acrylate based copolymer). The effect of the content of SiO2 nanoparticle on the physical properties of the treated fabrics such as moisture regain, tensile strength and elongation % were investigated. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity and coloration properties of pretreated fabrics were evaluated. Characterizations of pretreated samples by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were also conducted. The results show that the physical and coloration properties of pretreated samples were improved. The treated viscose fabric showed outstanding antibacterial performance against both Escherichia coli (G−) and Staphylococcus aureus (G+). Excellent durability of the treatment to repeated home laundering toward antibacterial and coloration properties was obtained in presence of binder. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The influence of high speed draw frame and its preparatory process variables on the performance potential of viscose ring and MJS yarns has been studied. The data indicate marked differences in the performance of the yarns produced with different card drafts and the yarns made with high card draft display poor structural integrity, low abrasion resistance and more hairiness than the yarns spun under identical conditions but with lower card draft. Increasing second nozzle pressure greatly enhances structural integrity, compressional resilience and abrasion resistance, but reduces compressional energy and hairiness. The magnitude of change in these characteristics, however, is highly dependent on the yarn linear density and card draft. High draw frame speed is imperative for air- jet spinning if adequate wrapper fibres are to be produced, and the best one will, in practice, depend on the spinning parameters used. The behaviour of MJS yarns is noticeably better in many respects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to analyze the bursting strength of polyester/viscose blended needle-punched nonwovens. For this purpose, five different blend ratios of polyester/viscose webs were produced, cross-lapped and needled in four different mass per unit areas and three different needling/punching densities. The bursting strength of 60 nonwovens was determined by performing the standard test method; the data obtained from tests were statistically analyzed in Design Expert software. In addition, a mixture process crossed-regression model with two mixture components (polyester and viscose blend ratios) and two process variables (fabric mass per unit area and needling density) was developed to analyze the bursting strength of polyester/viscose blended needled nonwovens. In conclusion, the regression model indicated that the bursting strength of the needle-punched nonwovens initially decreases and then increases with the increase of polyester fiber in the mixture and with the increase in mass per unit area. On the other hand, when the mass per unit area is kept constant, an increase in needling density causes decreases in bursting strength. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The objective of this work was to investigate plasma modification of viscose for environmentally friendly flame-retardant cellulosic materials. Sodium silicate layers were predeposited onto viscose and cotton flannel substrates and grafted/crosslinked using atmospheric pressure plasma. The modified cellulosic fabrics tested with the automated 45° angle test chamber showed significant improvement in their flame-retardant properties. Analysis conducted by TGA and DSC exhibited enhanced thermal stability of the treated fabrics. Furthermore, the surface analysis (XPS and SEM) confirmed the presence of the SiO2 network attached to the substrate even after intense ultrasound washes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the preparation of viscose rayon based activated carbon fabric (ACF) absorbents with antibacterial ability and modifications introduced by silver sputtering has been investigated. Viscose rayon based knitted fabric, pre-treated by a composite flame retardant, was used as the precursor. The fabric then underwent oxidation, carbonization and activation processes in a semi-open high-temperature erect furnace with a steam activator to produce ACF absorbents. Experimental results have shown that the ACF absorbents produced by the action of mixing steam and air had the largest BET specific surface area at about 1713 m2/g and the absorption amount of carbon tetrachloride was about 100.5%. However, the BET specific surface area of ACF-Ag adsorbents decreased because pores were destroyed by etching and deposition of silver particles. The ACF-Ag adsorbent, however, showed effective antibacterial and sterilizing properties. When the ACF-Ag adsorbent was placed in deionized water, a large amount of Ag ions eluted within the first 48 h. The elution gradually decreased after 96 h with about 0.2855 ppm of Ag ions eluting after seven days. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper identifies shengma fiber by burning method, estimating method by microscope, coloring with medical drugs, dissolution method and infrared radiation spectrum method, and compared with the identification method of viscose and ramie fiber. The results show that shengma fiber possesses a number of longitudinal deep trenches. It is unique that the cross-section is plum-shaped, and has a clear skin-core layer structure. Irregularly, the edge of it possesses a deeply embossed concave convex structure. Besides, iodine-potassium iodide solution staining of shengma fiber turns out to be blue-green. And under normal temperature, the sulfuric acid solution (the concentration is 40%) has partial dissolution; the hydrochloric acid solution (the concentration is 36%~38%) is thick and has some light yellow solution. The St. Ma Infrared absorption spectra of shengma fiber is similar to viscose fiber. However in 1210~1000 cm^(-1) fingerprint area it is quite different from ramie fiber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper, reports the tensile characteristics of cotton, polyester, viscose and polyester/viscose (P/V) ring and rotor yarns of different linear densities and blend proportions in dry and wet conditions. An experimental set-up has been fabricated, which can be attached with the tensile tester to study the tensile characteristics of yarns under water. The tenacity of yarns is found to be higher in wet condition as compared to that in dry condition for all the yarns, except the viscose yarns where tenacity drops in wet condition. The increase in tenacity in case of cotton is much higher than that in case of polyester and P/V blended yarns. In case of polyester and cotton, the breaking elongation of yarns increases while in viscose and viscose-rich P/V blended yarns, the breaking elongation decreases in wet condition. In viscose and viscose-rich P/V blended ring-spun yarns, the increase in initial modulus is found to be very high, whereas in the case of polyester and cotton, there is moderate increase in initial modulus of yarns in wet condition. In case of cotton ring-spun yarns, there is very high level of increase in work of rupture in wet condition. Yarn fineness significantly affects the tensile characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An approach to measurement of fabric hairiness based on image processing is developed and demonstrated in the present study. The total system consists of two components: i) a mechanical setup for image grabbing; and ii) analysis software for measurement of hairiness values based on suitable algorithms using MATLAB software. The software is able to detect the best estimated edge of fabrics and subsequently the fabric hairiness values are calculated precisely. A series of polyester-viscose blended fabrics with varying blend ratios are selected for the study. The fabrics were selected in such a way that all other parameters were the same except blend ratios. The fabrics were subject to different abrasion cycles and their hairiness values were then measured. With an increase in abrasion cycling, the average length of hairs increases and a similar trend is observed for all blended fabrics except the 100% viscose fabric. With an increase in viscose content in polyester-viscose blended fabrics, the hairiness value increases generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of polyester content, pick density and weave on the thermal comfort and tactile properties of polyester/viscose blended yarn fabrics have been studied by measuring: the low- stress mechanical properties on Kawabata evaluation system. The thermal comfort has been studied by measuring the air permeability thermal insulation and moisture and vapour transfer properties of fabrics. The tactile properties have been studied by measuring the fabric mechanical and surface properties, such as tensile, shear, bending, compression, surface roughness, surface friction and handle. The fabrics with higher polyester content give higher total hand value and higher thermal insulation, but lower air permeability and lower moisture vapour transfer. The fabrics with higher polyester content also show lower extensibility; the extensibility in warp direction is higher than in weft direction and twill woven fabrics give higher extensibility than the plain woven fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study that examined a pilling formation called rapid pilling test (RPT) by abrading lyocell and viscose knitted fabrics with short cycles in the wet state. A variety of wetting agents were used to immerse the samples. Results of the study showed that RPT was feasible in a wet state with short cycles. According to the study, the two key factors during test performance that RPT was able to fulfill are test of material in the wet state and reduced testing time.

Abstract: Cotton (cellulose) and viscose (regenerated cellulose) fibers are commonly applied in clothing textile fabrics. Thanks to the unique hemp (lignocellulose) fibre properties and its ecological benefits (biodegradability), nowadays hemp is reintroduced as a source of fibers for clothing textile applications. In order to understand the heat transfer phenomena through the cellulose textile fabrics, the thermal properties and the properties closely related to the thermal behavior of fabrics (porosity and air permeability) were investigated. A new test method was applied successfully for determination of the thermal properties of the fabrics. The results obtained indicate that heat transfer through the fabrics is highly related to both capillary structure and surface characteristics of yarns (a continuous package of short fibers), as well as air volume distribution within the fabrics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A corona discharge is a visible, electrical discharge observed in gases, which occurs on the surface of charged conductors. In our research, the discharges were generated around human fingertips and recorded in the form of films during the test while a number of people were in contact with different textiles for a short period. The aim of our experiments was the estimation of the possibility of using corona-discharge-films (CDF) for the investigation of the impact of textiles on the CDF of human fingertips. This article describes the investigation, aimed at determining if a test-person's short period of contact with textiles, such as knitted acrylic, wool and viscose fabrics, influences the corona discharge of the test-person. The research results confirmed these assumptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dissolving of cellulose in suitable solvents to prepare fibre-forming and film-forming solutions has been a very attractive field of research for more than a hundred years. In this paper we present the rheological properties of alkali solutions of enzyme-treated cellulose (BiocelsolTM) and the blend of Biocelsol-viscose solutions. The effect of solution composition, storage temperature and time on the viscosity and deviation from the Newtonian flow were investigated. The reproducibility of the basic rheological parameters of Biocelsol alkali solutions was also investigated. The effect of the rheological properties of Biocelsol/viscose blend solutions on the tenacity of the regenerated cellulose films is discussed, as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An instrumental has been developed for measuring static and kinetic frictional characteristics of staple fibres and fabrics. The influence of fibre length and fineness on static and kinetic frictional characteristics of polyester and viscose staple fibres has also been studied. A comparative study has been carried out to ascertain the difference in frictional forces measured by an attachment fitted with Instron tensile tester. The developed instrument is also used to study the frictional characteristics of acrylic staple fibres at different levels of finish application. A wide variation in frictional characteristics is observed among different varieties of cotton, even within same variety from different place of origin. It is also observed that warp density and fabric thickness have good correlation with static and kinetic functional properties of both warp-on-warp and weft on-weft motions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rigorous respect of the standard character and purity of the spinning solution, spinning bath parameters, and orientation draw ratio ensures obtaining a complex fibre homogeneous over the length. By varying the flow rate of viscose from the spinneret and disk rotation, it is possible to vary the fibre tension, strength, elongation, and shrinkage within wide limits and ensure a high capacity for uniform dyeing. The limits of the overall draw ratio of viscose textile fibres of varying assortment without elementary fibre breakage and formation of nap were established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of heat treatment on sorptional and mechanical properties of viscose: polypropylene (90:10) blend nonwoven fleeces has been studied. It is observed that the heat treatment improves mechanical properties (rupture resistance and tensile strength) and slightly decreases sorptional properties (degree of water retention and rate of water absorption) of cloths. The optimum heat-treatment temperature needed to obtain the highest breaking force and water absorption of nonwovens is found to be 165-170°C. Microstructural analysis proves that the nonwovens have the point bonding form of web when heat treatment is performed at optimum temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The comparative effectiveness of using polyfluoroalkyl acrylates, which have the structure of a fluoroalkyl radical, in reducing the wettability of viscose fibres was investigated. It was shown that incorporation of an oxygen atom in the fluoroalkyl chain decreases the efficiency of modification with all other conditions being equal. An important increase in the level of unwettability can be attained by regulating the colloid chemical indexes of polyfluoroalkyl acrylate latexes, their particle charge values in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on rayon, a regenerated cellulosic fiber manufactured from wood pulp. It is said that the uses of rayon includes apparel, household and automotive upholstery, draperies, lining fabrics and numerous industrial products. The blends of rayon with cotton and with wool were popular 50 years ago. However, rayon disappeared from textiles during the last 30 years, but it has recently begun to reappear, primarily in women's wear. Moreover, the paper also presented how new dyeing equipment, new dyes and new dyeing methods interact with rayon, both as 100% fiber and in blends.

An investigation is described in which conditions for simultaneous direct dyeing and resin-finishing of viscose and wool/viscose-blend (50/50) fabrics were established. Results obtained indicate that (a) the extent of the cross-linking reaction and dye interaction is determined by the kind of catalyst, the nature of the substrate, and the type of finishing agent; (b) the greater extent of dyeing and cross-linking observed in the presence than in the absence of the wool component is most probably due to the change in fibre structure as well as the incorporation of specific functional groups into the molecular structure of the wool component; (c) the enhancement of dye fixation in the presence of the finishing agent may be attributed to the fixability of the dye used to the substrate backbone through ionic salts, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, physical entrapment by the resin, and/or chemically via the finishing-agent functional groups; and (d) for optimization, it is advantageous to carry out the combined process under the following conditions: the fabrics are padded in a bath containing Cassurit HML (50 g/L) and NH4CI (7.5 g/L), together with the direct dye and in the presence of a non-ionic wetting agent (2g/L), to 80% wet pick-up, followed by the drying at 100°C/°3 min and curing at 140°C/2 min; the dyeings are then washed thoroughly, soaped, and finally air-dried. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article compares the effectiveness of two transport channels in straightening fibers while removing the fibers from an opening roller. Viscose fiber was processed at the machine settings. The fiber-length distributions associated with the classes of configuration observed photographically for the two types of channel was compared. The classification of the fiber configurations that was used as a reference in the analysis was derived through the use of a double-image, high-speed photographic technique.

An account is given of a study of various catalysts and mixed-catalyst systems used for texturing viscose staple-fibre yarn by cross-linking with DIVTDHEU at a high temperature. It is observed that magnesium dihydrogen phosphate and basic aluminium chloride are very efficient catalysts in view of the crimp rigidity and strength retained after texturing. Hydroxymethane sulphonic acid is the only catalyst whose use enhances strength after texturing, but its applicability is limited, since the crimp rigidity obtained is rather poor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fabric in the greige stage looks very dull and unattractive to consumers. It is imperative to add colors and finishes to the fabrics through textile wet processing. After dyeing fabrics become appealing to consumers but the dyeing process has the potential to cause significant impact on the environment and human health. In the present study, the environmental impact of fabrics made of dope dyed viscose and piece dyed viscose have been compared. For the study, functional unit is taken as 1 kg of black viscose knitted fabric. In the study, emissions of gases are measured for producing 1 kg of dyed knitted fabric. Use of water is measured and compared for producing 1 kg of dope dyed knit fabric against piece dyed fabric. It is found that water discharge is reduced by 10 % in dope dyed fabrics and has substantially reduced the emissions of gases into the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bamboo viscose fiber is a new kind of textile materials, which can be processed to be functional type by means of adding functional additives during its production. This article introduced the process of multi-functional bamboo viscose fiber of far infrared, negative ion and bacteriostatic, and analyzed the factors impacting the functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the latest developments in fine denier viscose filament yarns and the areas of application in comparison with alternative synthetic yarns. Viscose filament yarns are considered as artificial silk. According to the author, fine denier viscose filament yarns are an ideal substitute for silk or alternative fibers in silk-like applications. He also compares the filament yarns to other synthetic fibers available in the market that are used in silk-like products. In addition, the author mentions that fine denier yarns are designed for highly innovative and fashionable fabrics for the top level fashion industry.