1. Relationship between cancer mortality and environmental cadmium exposure in the general Japanese population in cadmium non-polluted areas
- Author
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Yuko Morikawa, Muneko Nishijo, Masao Ishizaki, Hideaki Nakagawa, Masaru Sakurai, Yasushi Suwazono, Kazuhiro Nogawa, Yuuka Watanabe, and Teruhiko Kido
- Subjects
Male ,Risk ,Urinary system ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Physiology ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Japan ,Neoplasms ,Odds Ratio ,medicine ,Humans ,Longitudinal Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Aged ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Cadmium ,Creatinine ,business.industry ,Mortality rate ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Cancer ,Environmental Exposure ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,chemistry ,Relative risk ,Environmental Pollutants ,Female ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of environmental cadmium (Cd) exposure indicated by urinary Cd (U-Cd) on cancer mortality in the general Japanese population. A 19-year cohort study was conducted in 1107 men and 1697 women who lived in three Cd non-polluted areas in Japan. Mortality risk ratio and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for continuous U–Cd were estimated for all malignant neoplasms and specific cancers using a Fine and Gray competing risks regression model. The all-cause, including cancer and non-cancer mortality rates per 1000 person-years were 29.8 and 13.9 in men and women, respectively. By using Fine and Gray's method, continuous U–Cd adjusted for creatinine (+1 μg/g cre) was significantly related to mortalities for all malignant neoplasms (risk ratio = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.02–1.11) and pancreas (risk ratio = 1.13, 95%CI: 1.03–1.24) in women. In the present study, U–Cd was significantly associated with increased cancer mortality in the general Japanese population, indicating that environmental Cd exposure adversely affects the life prognosis in Cd non-polluted areas in Japan.
- Published
- 2020