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The facial nerve (fn) palsy is a disease of the peripheral nervous system that leads to aesthetic, organic and functional disorders. The causes of the disease are different, the most common is the idiopathic form bell’s palsy. With a conservative approach to therapy, up to 80% of patients note the complete recovery of the lost functions of facial muscles, the others have the likelihood of severe consequences. Electroneuromyography is used to assess the risk of a negative outcome of the disease. In cases of confirmation of severe nerve damage, surgical treatment is suggested. The article presents a clinical case of complete recovery of the function of facial muscles in a patient with severe damage to the a nerve and an unfavorable prognosis. The course of the disease, complications of bell’s palsy and methods of their correction are described. Timely correct choice of treatment tactics and prevention of complications minimizes negative consequences. When working with a patient, a differentiated approach is important depending on the clinical situation.

Using a new model of the induction of radiation cystitis (RC) in rabbits, the treatment effectiveness of animals with intravesical administration of a biodegradable drug - a gel containing salts of alginic and hyaluronic acids, as well as dioxidine and lidocaine (AHDL) was assessed. The work was performed on female rabbits of the “Chinchilla” breed. Fractional irradiation of the rabbit urinary bladder was carried out by a linear photon accelerator: a single dose per fraction was 6 Gy administered daily for 5 days to a total focal dose of 30 Gy. As a result of irradiation of the bladder, the animals developed RC. AHDL-gel was injected intravesically using a catheter at a dose of 2500 mg / kg of body weight 3 times a day weekly for 2 months, starting from 1 month after irradiation. The drug had a pronounced therapeutic effect on the rabbits with RC: the values ​​of clinical and laboratory indicators of cystitis in urea and blood were reduced, it was observed regression of morphological manifestations of inflammation in the bladder mucosa.

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common diseases of the female reproductive system. The aim of this study was the investigation of the antitumor cisplatin effect on ascitic fluid tumor cells in the ovarian cancer experimental model by digital cytomorphometry and cell bioinformatic analysis. Female Wistar rats were inoculated by ovarian cancer strain. After ovarian cancer transplantation rats were divided into two groups: control group—without cisplatin treatment, the experimental group—under cisplatin treatment. The ascitic fluid was taken on the 9-th day after tumor cell inoculation. Digital cytomorphometric and cytobioinformatic analysis were used to study ascitic fluid cancer cell morphofunctional changes under cisplatin treatment. Digital cytomorphometric characteristics of rat ovarian cancer ascitic cells were obtained. Tumor cells were classified into four groups according to their geometric size: small, medium, large, “gigantic”. The algorithm and the computer program based on tumor cell morphometric characteristics were created to calculate such cell bioinformatic characteristic as information redundancy coefficient R. Three parameters were determined as the criteria of cisplatin effect on cancer cells: cell number, nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, R-value. Data obtained suggest that cisplatin reduces the total cell number, the nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and R-value thus indicates a decrease in cellular resistance and adaptive potential. The digital cytomorphometry and bioinformatics could be recommended as a testing system in the experimental or clinical study.

Early rehabilitation (ER) of patients with acute cerebrovascular accident (ACA) is one of the priority tasks of the vascular centers; the issue of increasing the volume of rehabilitation measures in the resuscitation and intensive care units (ICU) is relevant. Objective. To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the progressive ER program in patients with ACA. Material and research methods. The study included 129 patients with ACA in ICU. Each patient of the main group (MGr, n = 61) underwent progressive ER: at least 4–5 vertical adjustments per day, passive mode Kinesiotherapy 49 ± 9.3 minutes, a double load of physiotherapy exercises, preventive physiotherapy; the total time of classes reached 240 minutes per day. In the comparison group (СGr, n = 68), standard ER was performed no more than 120 minutes per day. The groups are comparable by sex, age, severity of the disease and comorbidity. The severity of ACA, the gravity gradient, patient mobility, functional status, degree of dependence, and the presence of complications were evaluated. Results. During a month of work with the MGr, 102 ICU bed-days, 94 days of the artificial lung ventilation use, p < 0.05 were saved. Mortality in MGr decreased -— 8 patients (13.1%) versus 14 (20.6%) in CGr (p < 0.05). In patients within CGr, pulmonary thromboembolism developed in 8.8%, in MGr – in 3.3%. The severity of the apoplectic attack decreased ( by 28% in MGr, and by 20% in CGr ), mobility increased. Comparing the modalities of post resuscitationsyndrome in MGr, it was noted that the score decreased by 2 times from 6 [5; 6] to 3 [2.3; 3.3], but it has not changed in the CGr. Patients in the MGr were 2-–3 days earlier adapted to the vertical adjustment. Conclusions. The progressive ER program in ICU is safe, effective, realisable, and allows reducing the number of bed-days in ICU, the number of days of the artificial lung ventilation use, complications, and mortality in comparison with standard medical care.

Because of the high risk of brain metastases from HER2-positive breast cancer, the study of the anticancer activity of drugs used to treat brain tumors, in particular lomustine, is of great importance. In the FVB/N Her-2 transgenic mice bearing HER2-positive breast cancer (BC HER2+), a single oral administration of lomustine at a dose of 50 mg/kg resulted in a significant tumor growth inhibition (up to 96 %, p

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common chronic disease in ageing men. Synthetic inhibitors of 5α-reductase commonly used in BPH treatment have limited effectiveness and may cause side effects. Evaluation of iodised serum milk protein and lycopene therapeutic effect in rat BPH model was the aim of the present study. BPH was induced in male Wistar rats by surgical castration and subsequent testosterone administrations (25 mg/kg, 7 injections). Rats with induced BPH received lycopene (5 mg/kg), iodised serum milk protein (200 µg/kg) or their combination for 1 month daily. The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated by the prostate weight, prostatic index and ventral lobe epithelium thickness. In lycopene and iodised serum milk protein-treated rats, prostate weight and prostatic index were significantly reduced compared to control group; and lycopene and iodised serum milk protein used in combination yielded an additive effect. Thus, further investigation of combined supplementation with micronutrients and plant-derived substances in BPH models may help to find new opportunities or its safe and effective treatment.

The reaction of 2-chloroethylisocyanate and 2-amino-1,3-propanediol in MeCN–MeOH yielded 2-[3-(2-chloroethyl) ureido]-1,3-propanediol, which was nitrosated using sodium nitrite in 50% formic acid to obtain 2-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-1,3-propanediol (chlonisol). A single administration of chlonisol at a non-toxic dose of 15 mg/kg increased by 170% the median life expectancy of mice with P-388 leukemia and cured 100% of rats with Walker 256 carcinosarcoma.

Survival curves were approximated and analyzed based on experimental data on the effect of different polyphenolic compounds on mouse lifespan with the Gompertz model in its minimal variant, which excludes the parameters of sample heterogeneity and age-independent mortality. Vectors from the control data towards the experimental data were plotted on graphs with coordinates [logμ0 (the logarithm of initial mortality) and γ (the rate of aging)] and compared with a series of control points. The deviations were considered real when the tilt angles of the corresponding vectors differed from those of the logμ0 regressions on the γ coordinate based on the control data. The results of analysis of the published data have shown that resveratrol, tocopherol, polyphenol-containing grape skin extract, SkQ1 antioxidant, and metformin do not result in any differences between the control and experimental data beyond the limits expected in the comparison of different samples of the same control population. Unlike the indicated preparations, the complex polyphenol preparation BP-C3 acts differently and decelerates aging in female SHR mice. It is the antioxidant activity of BP-C3 that may partly be associated with this effect. We have determined its antioxidant capacity in vitro, and demonstrated its ability when administered in vivo to hinder a decrease in the total peroxide-decomposing activity in the erythrocytes of male BALB/c mice treated with 5-fluorouracil.

Gemcitabine is quite effective in the treatment of brain tumors, although this drug has a limited ability to overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Aim of study is to assess the therapeutic efficacy of gemcitabine and other drugs with different permeability of BBB in the model of intracranial tumor. The therapeutic activity of gemcitabine, carmustine, cyclophosphamide and cisplatin was studied in mice with intracranially implanted Ehrlich tumor, and also gemcitabine in various doses - with intramuscularly implanted tumor. On intracranial tumor model gemcitabine (25 mg/kg) increased the life span (ILS) by 60−89% (p

Aim. The present study was designed to determine whether medically induced hyper- and hypothyroidism effect on incidence of colon tumors induced by methylnitrosourea (MNU) burden in rats. Methods. Female rats (n = 88) were randomly divided into four groups: I (euthyroid-control), II (hyperthyroid caused by liothyronine), III (hyperthyroid caused by L-thyroxine) and IV (hypothyroid caused by propylthiouracil (PTU), also 11 rats were intact control. Colon carcinogenesis was induced with a four intrarectal instillation of MNU (4 mg in 0.5 ml saline solution) one time per week. Liothyronine (100 ± 10 µg per 100 g of animal weight 1 time per day), L-thyroxin (100 ± 10 µg per 100 g of animal weight 1 time per day) and propylthiouracil (PTU, 2,0 ± 0,15 mg per 100 g of animal weight 1 time per day) were administered intragastrically through an atraumatic probe daily, starting from the day of the last intrarectal instillation of MNU. Rats were sacrificed at 216 days after experiment beginning, and the total colon were excised, fixed for histology and analyzed. Results. Drug inhibition of thyroid hormone function by PTU resulted in a decrease in the incidence of MNU-induced colon tumors and amounted to 27.3%. The incidence of colon tumors in the hyperthyroid group caused by L-thyroxine was 70.0% (F-test – 0.012, χ2 – 7.67; p < 0.05 compared with the hypothyroid group).

Background: The meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim.) may have a cancer prophylactic activity, since its extracts exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other effects. We investigated the ability of a meadowsweet decoction to inhibit mammary carcinogenesis induced by intramammary injections of Methylnitrosourea (MNU) to the target organ in rats. Materials and Methods: The chemical composition of meadowsweet extracts was studied by traditional methods. In animal experiments, adult outbred female rats received single injections of MNU at a dose 1mg directly into the tissue of each mammary gland. After carcinogenic exposure one group (MNU) of rats continued to receive standard feed and tap water throughout life. In another group (MNU+meadowsweet), rats were given daily a decoction of the meadowsweet instead of drinking water and standard feed. Results: Meadowsweet extracts showed a sufficiently high content of flavonoids and tannins and also some individual phenolic compounds. In rats after injections of MNU the overall incidence of tumors was 90% with tumor multiplicity of 3.1. The majority of rats (86%) developed multiple malignant tumors of the mammary gland (most often adenocarcinomas). In rats from the group MNU+meadowsweet, there was a statistically significant decrease of the overall tumor multiplicity-by 1.5 times, and the incidence and multiplicity of breast tumors-by 1.6 and 2.2 times, respectively. Conclusions: Meadowsweet extract can be considered an effective inhibitor of breast carcinogenesis.

Ethnopharmacological relevance Meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim.) is a medicinal plant with a variety of therapeutic properties, traditionally used in various diseases including treatment and prevention of tumors. The aim of this study was to present an ethnomedicinal justification that a meadowsweet decoction is able to inhibit colorectal carcinogenesis induced by the methylnitrosourea (MNU) in rats. Materials and methods The chemical composition of meadowsweet extracts was studied by traditional methods. In animal experiments adult outbred female rats received four intrarectal instillations of MNU, one per week, at dose 4 mg in 0.5 ml saline (the total dose of MNU during the 4-week exposure was 16 mg/rat). After carcinogenic exposure one group (MNU) of rats continued to receive standard feed and tap water throughout life. In another group (MNU+meadowsweet), rats were given daily a decoction of the meadowsweet instead of drinking water and standard feed. Results Meadowsweet extracts showed a sufficiently high content of flavonoids and tannins and also some individual phenolic compounds and salicylic acid. In rats after administration of MNU the overall incidence of tumors was 91% with tumor multiplicity of 3.5. The majority of rats (86%) developed multiple tumors of large intestine (most often adenocarcinomas:88 from 107; index of multiplicity – 2.0). In rats from the group MNU+meadowsweet there was a statistically significant decrease of the overall tumor incidence and multiplicity–by 1.4 and 2.9 times, respectively, and the incidence and multiplicity of colon tumors – by 2.0 and 2.8 times, respectively; the incidence and multiplicity of malignant tumors of other localizations was also reduced–by 2.2 and 3.0 times, respectively. Conclusions Meadowsweet extract is an effective inhibitor of colorectal carcinogenesis in experiment, that provides support for the traditional use of this plant in the oncology.

On the model of radiation cystitis in rats, a decrease in the number of blood cells was found 6 h after local irradiation and an increase in extracellular DNA level was found in 6-24 h with normalization 48 h after exposure. The relative change in the content of extracellular DNA (0 h against 6 h) correlated with changes in triglycerides (0 h against 24 h).

Aims: The aim of the experiments was to find out the factors on which age-related sensitivity to the occurrence of BPH depends. Methods: 45 Male Wistar rats aged 3 and 24 months were used. In each age group, there were intact rats and animals with induced BPH (by surgical castration + testosterone injections, 25 mg/kg x 7). On the 36th day of the experiment, blood was taken from rats to determine serum testosterone, cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose; then, the animals were autopsied, their prostates were weighed, and their morphology was studied. Results: Young mature intact rats had much higher testosterone levels (6.2±0.93 nmol/l) than old intact (3.8±0.55 nmol/l), while the ratio of prostate weight was inverse. The weight of the prostate and prostatic index in old rats with induced BPH was significantly higher not only in comparison with the old intact rats but also with young animals after BPH induction. Morphologically, the inflammatory foci were determined not only in the prostates of old rats, which induced BPH, but also in intact animals. Besides, in old intact rats, the foci of prostate hyperplasia were often noted. Conclusions: Our experimental model indicates the important role of non-bacterial prostatitis in the pathogenesis of BPH. No metabolic disorders in BPH induction were revealed. The sensitivity of the prostate of old rats to BPH development is increasing despite the low concentrations of testosterone in the body. Age sensitivity to BPH is probably determined by a higher expression of androgen receptors in old animals.

Many natural substances exhibit anti-inflammatory activity and considerable potential in prophylaxis and treatment of allergies. Knowing exact molecular targets, which is required for developing these as medicinal products, is often challenging for multicomponent compositions. In the present study we examined novel polyphenolic substance, a water-soluble fraction of wood lignin (laboratory code BP-Cx-1). In our previous study, a number of polyphenolic components of BP-Cx-1 (flavonoids, sapogenins, phenanthrenes etc.) were identified as the major carriers of biological activity of BP-Cx drug family, and several molecular targets involved in cancer and/or inflammation signaling pathways were proposed based on the results of the in vitro and in silico screening studies. In the present study, half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of BP-Cx-1 was established with a radioligand method and a range of IC50 values between 22.8 and 40.3 μg/ml were obtained for adenosine receptors A1, A2A and prostaglandin receptors EP2, IP (PGI2). IC50 for serotonin 5-HT1 and for glucocorticoid GR receptors were 3.0 μg/ml and 12.6 μg/ml, respectively, both being within the range of BP-Cx-1 concentrations achievable in in vivo models. Further, distribution of [3H] labelled BP-Cx-1 in NIH3T3 murine fibroblasts and MCF7/R carcinoma cells was studied with autoradiography. [3H]-BP-Cx-1 (visualized as silver grains produced by tritium beta particles) was mainly localized along the cell membrane, in the perinuclear region and in the nucleus, suggesting ability of BP-Cx-1 to enter cells and bind to membrane or cytosol receptors. In our experiment, we observed the effect of BP-Cx-1 on maturation of dendritic cells (DCs): downregulation of expression of the lipid-presentation molecule CD1a, co-stimulatory molecules CD80, CD83 and CD 40, decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and TNF-α and increased production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. It is hypothesized that [3H]-BP-Cx-1 detectable in the nucleus is part of the activated GR complex, known to be involved in regulation of transcription of genes responsible for the anti-inflammatory response. Based on IC50, cell distribution data and results of the experiment with DCs it is suggested that the in vivo effects of BP-Cx-1 are mediated via GR and 5-HT1 receptors thus promoting development of tolerogenic effector function in dendritic cells.

The ability of the decoction of meadowsweet flowers (Filipendula ulmaria, FU) to inhibit tumor development in female LIO rats was demonstrated using a radiation-induced carcinogenesis model (single γ-radiation dose of 4 Gy). Over half of tumors that developed in various locations in most (79.6%) irradiated control rats were malignant. The tumors were most often located in the breast. The carcinogenesis parameters for all locations (multiplicity of all tumors and incidence of malignant tumors) and especially for breast tumors (number of tumor-bearing rats, multiplicity of all and only malignant tumors) were reduced considerably in irradiated rats that received FU with drinking water over 16 months.

To examine the ability of the meadowsweet preparation to inhibit carcinogenesis induced by ionizing radiation in female rats.The chemical composition of meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) raw material (ethanol and aqueous extracts of meadowsweet flowers) has been studied for the presence of flavonoids, tannins and catechins. Adult female LIO strain rats were subjected to a single whole body γ-irradiation at a dose of 4 Gy in animal experiments. One group of irradiated rats served as control while the other group, starting from the 10th day after irradiation and until the end of the experiment, was given meadowsweet as a decoction of the flowers instead of drinking water. The average daily intake of meadowsweet (dry raw material) was 1 g/kg body weight. Rats were observed for 16 months.The analyzed meadowsweet extracts showed a sufficiently high content of flavonoids and tannins. In irradiated rats after 16 months the overall incidence of tumors was 79.6% (in 82 of 103 rats), the incidence of malignant tumors was 43.7% and the overall tumor multiplicity was 1.48. Most tumors were localized in the mammary gland - 57.3%. In rats that received meadowsweet, the incidence of all malignant tumors and overall multiplicity of tumors were significantly decreased by 1.5 and 1.3 times, respectively. The greatest reduction of many parameters has been identified for breast tumors: the overall incidence was decreased by 1.5 (p = 0.0174) and the overall multiplicity and multiplicity of malignant tumors - by 1.6 (p = 0.0002) and 2.2 (p = 0.0383) times, respectively.Meadowsweet preparation showed inhibiting activity on radiation carcinogenesis.

HER2-positive breast tumors are found in 25–30% of patients with breast cancer and are characterized by aggressive course and reduced sensitivity to both chemotherapy and hormone therapy. The aim of the work was to study the possibilities of enhancing the therapeutic effect of anti-estrogen drug toremifene by combining it with biguanide, metformin, on the HER2-positive breast cancer model in FVB/N HER-2/neu transgenic mouse. Male FBV/N mice with intramuscularly transplanted HER2-positive mammary gland tumor from a female mouse of the same strain have been given toremifene (30 mg/kg, orally daily) or metformin (100 mg/kg, orally daily) that had a moderate antitumor effect (decrease the area under the kinetic curve of tumor growth by 1.6 and 1.5 times, respectively, when compared with intact control). Co-administration of these drugs in the same doses had a more pronounced effect (the area under the kinetic curve of tumor growth decreased by 3.1 times compared to intact control; p

Background: There is some evidence that Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) may increase the risk of developing prostate cancer, so conducting research on effective BPH inhibitors is important. Objective: This research studied the inhibitory effect of Iodized Serum Milk Protein (ISMP) on BPH in rats. ISMP is a concentrate of lactic protein containing 2.2% iodine. Methods: Male Wistar rats, aged 18 months, were used. In the intact control group, sunflower oil was administered intragastrically by gavage. In 36 rats, BPH was induced by surgical castration, followed by subcutaneous injections of prolonged testosterone - omnadren, 25mg/kg every other day (7 administrations). One group of rats served as BPH-control. ISMP and finasteride (positive control), dissolved in sunflower oil, were administered to rats intragastrically daily at a dose of 200μg/kg and 5mg/kg, respectively, for 4 weeks starting immediately after castration. Results: ISMP inhibited the development of BPH in rats, significantly reducing the mass of the prostate and its parts (except for the anterior lobes) by 1.1-1.3 times and the prostatic index (the ratio of prostate weight to the body weight) - by 1.3-1.4 times. Finasteride inhibited the development of BPH, and its activity was higher (by 1.1-1.3 times) than in ISMP. : Histological analysis of the prostate showed fewer pronounced morphological hyperplasia signs in animals treated with ISMP or finasteride. Conclusion: The iodine-containing preparation ISMP has the ability to inhibit the development of BPH in rats although its activity is somewhat lower than that of finasteride.

The purpose of this work was to study changes in the level of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the blood of young and old rats in the normal state and with induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups—young (3 months), old (20 months), intact, or with testosterone-induced BPH. Groups with BPH were subjected to surgical castration and administration of testosterone esters at a dose of 25 mg/kg for a total of 7 injections for 20 days. In intact animals, the level of cfDNA in old rats (2.00±0.14 ng/μl) was significantly higher than that in the young (1.02±0.30 ng/μl). The body and the prostate weights of old rats were 1.6 and 1.4 times larger than those of the young, without an increase in the prostate index (PI). The testosterone level in the blood of young rats was 1.6 times higher than that of old (6.20±0.93 nmol/l vs. 3.77±0.55 nmol/l; NS). In animals with BPH, the level of cfDNA in old rats (3.14±0.76 ng/μl) was significantly higher than that in young rats (0.80±0.14 ng/μl). The body and the prostate weights in old rats were 1.8 and 2.3 times larger, than those in young rats, with an increase in the PI. The level of testosterone in the blood of young (15.76±0.51 nmol/l) and old (16.99±1.1 nmol/l) rats was not significantly different. Morphological signs of BPH were observed in the prostate of both young and old rats. During the induction of BPH in the experiment, according to the level of cfDNA, cell death processes have not changed significantly in young rats but significantly increased in old rats. A similar trend was observed in the group of intact animals. The obtained data indicate that apoptosis processes are enhanced during the development of BPH despite the growth of tissues in the prostate itself.

Survival of rats with advanced ovarian cancer after intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (HIPEC) with dioxadet and effects of these treatment modalities on leukocyte count were evaluated in two independent series of experiments. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion with dioxadet (15 mg/kg) provided median survival of rats of 49 days (95% CI 28-70), i.p. administration of dioxadet (1.5 mg/kg) of 28 days (95% CI 16-36; P = 0.020). Single i.p. injection of dioxadet caused a significant decrease in total number of leukocytes (17-52%), granulocytes (18-75%), lymphocytes (18-62%) and monocytes (12-46%) in the peripheral blood of tumour-bearing rats compared to untreated animals. After HIPEC with dioxadet, the total number of leukocytes, granulocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes in peripheral blood of rats remained significantly higher than the corresponding values in the group with dioxadet.

Toxicogenomic parameters were studied in the blood of female rats after exposure to ionizing γ-radiation in a dose of 4 Gy and chemoprophylaxis with α-difluoromethylornithine, eleutherococcus or leuzea extracts, which were used in animals with morphological manifestations of tumor growth under conditions of radiation-induced carcinogenesis. Life-time evaluation of toxicogenomic effects was carried out by express method for measurements of blood nucleotid DNA - fluorescent indication. The level of hyperaneu/polyploidy increased in the blood leukocytes of control rats 30 days after radiation exposure. A significant decrease of genotoxicity as a result of drug treatment in comparison with the number and multiplicity of tumors in irradiated animals was found only in the endocrine and reproductive organs of rats treated by eleutherococcus extract.

Organization of post-infection rehabilitation is an urgent problem in the context of a new coronavirus infection pandemic Algo-rithm for protection of patients and staff is usually described in the literature At the same time, rehabilitation process is not ana-lyzed Therefore, experience exchange is advisable Objective To summarize the experience of rehabilitation of patients with COVID-19 infection at the intensive care unit of the Skli-fosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Care Material and methods The study included 39 patients with COVID-19 infection in severe and extremely severe condition Mean age was 60 (52;67 5) years Mechanical ventilation was required in 14 (35 9%) patients All patients underwent rehabilitation around the clock Results The rehabilitation program was determined for each patient within 48 hours after admission Rehabilitation measures included positioning (including pron-position), verticalization, mechanotherapy, physiotherapy exercises, breathing exercises, and psychological support In this manuscript, we describe the organization of rehabilitation and its features There were 674 physiotherapy exercises (excluding positioning) and 233 physiotherapy procedures Each patient underwent 2—3 physiotherapy procedures per day Patients under mechanical ventilation underwent all rehabilitation procedures without any features of toler-ance or effectiveness Psychological care was required for difficult adaptation to in-hospital conditions, advanced anxiety and im-paired mood We have developed a guide on stress management for medical staff and effective communication with patients Conclusion Organization of the intensive care unit of infectious building at the Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Care is close to the international recommendations of experts Specialists have developed the new methods of working with patients © 2020, Media Sphera All rights reserved

The development of new express methods for the analysis of the efficacy of anti-cancer therapy on the cellular level is highly desirable for the analysis of chemotherapeutic agent performance. In this paper we suggest the use of parameters of cell morphology determined by holographic microscopy and tomography for the effective label free quantitative analysis of cell viability under antitumor chemotherapy and thus of cytostatic agent efficacy. As shown, measured phase shifts and cell morphology change dramatically as a result of chemotherapy and depend strongly on the cell type and agent applied. Experimentally, a comparative analysis of the antitumor efficacy of the two cytostatics, cisplatin and dioxadet, that are commonly used for chemotherapy of disseminated ovarian carcinoma has been performed. The experiments were carried out on the Wistar rat model. An essential difference in the morphology of cells, both normal (erythrocytes) and cancerous, present in ascitic fluid taken from the non-treated group of rats and the groups treated with either dioxadet or cisplatin, has been observed. The results obtained can be interpreted as an indication of the antitumor performance of both cytostatics at the cellular level and as a demonstration of the higher efficacy of therapy with dioxadet as compared to that with cisplatin. Differences in cell morphology are suggested to be applied as quantitative markers of cell viability and cytostatic agent efficacy. The conclusions made are supported by a comparison with the results of recent experiments based on survival rates of laboratory animals treated with these agents..

Morphological changes in cells of ascitic fluid samples from Wistar rats with ovarian cancer were analyzed using digital holographic microscopy. It was shown that cells morphology in samples taken from rats treated with cisplatin differs significantly from those taken from untreated animals.

The choice of an optimal administration route for intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy and a suitable chemotherapeutic regime in the treatment of ovarian cancer remains a controversy. We investigated survival outcomes according to catheter intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CIPC), normothermic and hyperthermic chemoperfusion (NIPEC and HIPEC) with cytostatic drugs dioxadet and cisplatin in rats with transplantable ascitic ovarian cancer.Ascitic liquid containing 1 × 10Compared to the untreated control CIPC, NIPEC and HIPEC with dioxadet significantly increased ALE byDioxadet and cisplatin show similar efficacy in the CIPC route. Compared with CIPC IP chemotherapy by chemoperfusions is more effective for both the drugs. Dioxadet in HIPEC showed highest survival benefit whereas largest effect during NIPEC is achieved with cisplatin.

The effects of α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and Siberian ginseng root tincture (SGRT) on radiation-induced carcinogenesis in rats and their lifespan have been studied. It has been shown that both DFMO and SGRT increased the survival rate as well as decreased the rate and multiplicity of malignant and benign tumors in irradiated rats. The beneficial effect of DFMO on the survival rate and its anticarcinogenic action are more pronounced than SGRT.

The gender differences of the transplantable glioma-35 growth were revealed in tumor-bearing rats. The effect of mineral iron containing water (ICW) as drinking water was studied during radiation therapy (RT) in tumor bearing male rats. It was shown that ICW used separately had a weak anti cancer effect. The ICW use after irradiation caused no significant changes in hematological reactions as compared with RT only. The mineral water administration before irradiation resulted in the reduction of the supercoiled DNA index on the 1st and 21st day after irradiation, as well as in monocytopeny and a definite decrease in the tumor volume on the 21st day of the experiment as compared with control, which is associated with the ferroptosis effect of ICW. It was established that the reaction peculiarities of the blood DNA structure index in irradiated rats at the early stage of glioma growth may serve an express marker of the efficiency of RT.

Our study examined the effect of induced hypo- and hyperthyroidism on ovarian cancer (OC). The intraperitonealxenograft model of OCperformed the standard technique. Using propylthiouracil(2,0 mg per 100 g of animal weight once a day) and L-thyroxine(200 µg per 100 g of animal weight once a day)we found that altered thyroid status significantly influenced the ovary tumor xenograftsdevelopment. The median survival life expectancy was 9,6 and 17,6 daysin the euthyroidcontrol group and the hypothyroidgroup, respectively (p?= 0.02). Induced hypothyroidismleads to thelifetime increase of rats with intraperitonealxenograftof OC by 83.3%. It was shown that hyporthyroidism was associated with the aggressiveness decrease of OC. Ourevidence confirms previous clinical and epidemiologicaldata.Thyroid status can be anindepending prognostic factor for patients with OC, as well as induced hypotyroidism opens new opportunities for the palliative treatment of OC.

Antitumor efficiencies of cytostatics dioxadet, cisplatin, mitomycin C, melphalan, and paclitaxel after a single intraperitoneal or intravenous injection in doses of 1.5, 4, 1.5, 2, and 5 mg/kg, respectively, were studied on the model of transplanted ovarian tumor in 124 rats. The antitumor effects were evaluated by the increase in median survival. Dioxadet, cisplatin, and melphalan injected intraperitoneally significantly prolonged the lifespan median - by 79, 88, and 114%, respectively, and were in fact ineffective, when injected intravenously. Intraperitoneal mitomycin C prolonged lifespan median by just 35%, intravenous - by 152%. Paclitaxel injected intraperitoneally and intravenously prolonged the lifespan median by 45 and 81%, respectively.

To carry out a comparative study of inhibition of radiation carcinogenesis using alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), tinctures of ginseng, eleutherococcus and leuzea in female rats.Locally bred female LIO-strain rats were subjected to a single whole body γ-irradiation dose of 4 Gy at 12 weeks of age. Modifying drugs were given with drinking water from the 10th day after irradiation until the end of the experiment (for 16 months).Irradiated rats developed tumors 70.0-79.6% (malignant tumors: 43.7-45.0%) with a multiplicity of 1.48-1.75 (malignant: 0.5-0.58), while in unirradiated animals the incidence of all/malignant tumors was 21.9%/7.7% with multiplicity of 0.22/0.08. In exposed rats tumors most often developed in the mammary gland - 57.3%, reproductive and endocrine organs - 27.2%, and other localizations - 29.1%. All drugs, except leuzea, significantly reduced incidence and multiplicity of tumors, overall or at some localizations in irradiated rats. Highest, and practically equal inhibition, was shown by ginseng and DFMO, while eleutherococcus was clearly inferior. Ginseng reduced overall tumor incidence and multiplicity by 1.5 and 2.4 times, malignant tumor incidence and multiplicity - by 2.5 and 2.9 times, respectively.The ginseng extract is the most promising radiation carcinogenesis inhibitor tested.

We evaluated the effect of iron ion chelation on the growth of gliomas and radiotherapy efficiency in tumor-bearing animals. The rats with transplanted glioma-35 received iron-containing water; desferroxamine was injected for metal chelation. Long-term treatment with iron-containing water promoted glioma growth in rats and improved the efficiency of radiotherapy due to combination of apoptosis and ferroptosis. Desferroxamine reduced the efficiency of this treatment and was inessential for the efficiency of radiotherapy alone.

Objective: An animal study was conducted to evaluate the ­association between blood DNA radiosensitivity, assessed by determining the original S-index, and the response of experimental gliomas to irradiation. Possible modifications of the latter after administration of iron-containing water (ICW) were also explored.

Background: Intraperitoneal (i.p.) chemotherapy in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis could be an more effective treatment strategy than intravenous (i.v.) chemotherapy. The purpose of the study is to compare antitumor activity of different drugs at their i.p. and i.v. administration in rats with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Metods: The study was carried out in 100 Wistar female rats with ovarian cancer which was inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) to simulate peritoneal carcinomatosis. Transplanted epithelial ovarian cancer strain used was originated from the rat subjected to transplacental administration of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene. After ovarian cancer inoculation rats were randomized in 10 groups, 10 rats in each group. There were five groups where saline (2 ml, i.p. control group) or the drugs (dioxadet 1.5 mg/kg, cisplatin 4mg/kg, melphalan 2 mg/kg, mitomycin C 1.5 mg/kg) were administered i.p. In other five groups saline (2 ml, i.v. control group) and the named above drugs at the same doses were administered i.v. Dioxadet is original Russian antineoplastic drug from the group of ethyleneimine alkylating agents. Antitumor effects of the treatment were estimated by increase in survival time (IST) comparing median survival time of rats in different groups. Results: IST for i.p. administration of dioxadet, cisplatin, melphalan and mitomycin C were 76.5% (p Conclusion: I.p. chemotherapy with alkylating agents dioxadet, cisplatin and melphalan is much more effective then their i.v. administration while antitumor antibiotic mitomycin C is more active at i.v. administration.