Search

The candidature of Eric Zemmour, a far-right polemicist journalist, in the 2022 presidential election has aroused the indignation and amazement of political leaders of all stripes. The polemicist held on December 5, 2021 in Villepinte his first major meeting since his announcement, where he tried to restore his image and present an ethos of the ideal leader. The purpose of this article is to analyze the images that Zemmour broadcasts of himself during the meeting as well as the different strategies he uses to convey an ethos favorable to his person. It is a question of determining the different constructions that the candidate makes of his own image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dans cet article, nous avons voulu montrer que l’hybridité générique perçue et avérée dans le texte de Nora Sari était un effet des enjeux de diverses tendances du contexte de production dans le choix du sujet à traiter, d’une part la vie de la famille et le récit de soi du principal personnage du roman, d’autre part le contexte historique prévalant durant la période concernant cette tranche de vie. Cette hybridité révèle un souci de posture en phase avec les discours et orientations du champ social et littéraire au sein duquel la romancière cherche à inscrire sa place. Elle montre également une volonté de dépasser un clivage profond installé dans la problématique des langues dans ce même champ.

This article shows that the generic hybridity perceived and proven in the text of Nora Sari was an effect of the stakes of various tendencies of the context of production in the choice of the subject to treat: on one hand, the life of the family and the self-story of the main character of the novel; on the other hand, the historical context prevailing during the period concerning this slice of life. This hybridity reveals a concern for posture in line with the discourses and orientations of the social and l iterary field within which the novelist seeks to inscribe her place. It also shows a desire to overcome a deep split in the issue of languages in this same field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les résultats de cette étude démontrent que : « l’image de soi est un indicateur psychoaffectif, générateur des motivations et d’intérêts humains » qui, chez l’adolescent, redynamise les sentiments intellectuels et moraux d’émulation, de performation et d’accomplissement de soi ; afin d’atteindre un degré supérieur d’aspiration mentale, sociale, économique, politique et professionnelle. Cette image de soi de sujet est quelquefois assimilée par l’image dominante des autres membres de son environnement social et scolaire, qui influence en conséquence son rendement scolaire. Ces membres des groupes sociaux et scolaires sont tels que :  L’image du père ;  L’image de la mère ;  L’image de l’enseignant ;  et l’image des amis intimes. Par ailleurs, l’image de soi de l’adolescent agit similairement à son âge, avec son évolution mentale, affective, morale et socioculturelle. Alors que son processus de formation intellectuelle, de la construction de l’image de soi est influencé par son âge et sa maturité intégrale. C’est pourquoi, tout enfant a besoin de l’adulte, qui doit jouer le rôle de son encadreur et de son guide dans toutes ses diverses activités.

L’ethos désigne l’image de soi que construit un locuteur dans et par son discours. Il s’agit d’un concept qui se trouve à la croisée de plusieurs disciplines : la sociologie, la psychologie et les sciences du langage. En outre, l’ethos est fondamentalement un moyen de persuasion efficace que met à profit un orateur en jouant essentiellement sur le registre affectif. De nombreuses personnalités prennent soin de construire leur ethos de sorte à ce qu’elles parviennent à faire valoir leurs opinions et leur façon de voir. Cependant, il arrive parfois que la mise en scène discursive de l’ethos d’un orateur quelconque se trouve, en parallèle à son discours, elle-même discutée. Nous retrouvons ce constat dans les discussions qui suivent les sorties médiatiques de l’entraineur de l’équipe nationale d’Algérie Djamel Belmadi. En effet, ce dernier projette dans son discours une image de soi dont l’empreinte langagière qui, fascinant certains (les jeunes particulièrement), crispe d’autres (les gens de la presse précisément). De ce constat jaillit les questions suivantes : en quoi le discours de Djamel Belmadi, comme nous venons de le dire, fascine et crispe ? S’agit-il de l’ethos préalable du locuteur ? Quels sont les facteurs déterminants de l’image de notre locuteur sur lesquels s’appuie-t-il dans son entreprise persuasive ? Pour répondre à ces questions de recherche, nous supposons que le locuteur conjugue un ethos préalable (ses antécédents footballistiques notamment) avec un ethos discursif (patriotisme, courage, leadership etc.) tantôt montré tantôt dit. Ce travail a pour ambition d’effectuer une analyse descriptive de l’ethos de Djamel Belmadi en s’appuyant principalement sur les travaux d’Amossy (2010, 2014) et ceux de Maingueneau (2002, 2016).

Copyright of Akofena is the property of Universite Felix Houphouet Boigny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Résumé: Cette étude d’analyse argumentative, dans un contexte politique à visée réconciliatoire, montre comment le sujet parlant procède au soin d’image autocentrée, en s’employant à paraître indemne des situations qui ont suscité la tenue du Forum pour la réconciliation nationale, en 2001. En effet, sa stratégie consiste à rejeter, alors, les responsabilités du malaise social, à des destinataires bien ciblés. Du coup, le locuteur qui, avec sa corporation, devraient constituer une gangrène nationale, en raison des pratiques peu orthodoxes dont ils se sont rendus coupables, par des stratégies d’attaque, renverse la situation, en leur faveur, en prenant le statut de victime. En minimisant sa part de responsabilité, il verse dans un discours pamphlétaire. Mieux, YADE Alain Siéhansihéi Patrice crie son exaspération, à ce Forum, pour confondre tous les détracteurs des enfants ou des jeunes de la rue dont il est, symboliquement, le digne Porte-parole, au travers de l’Association des Jeunes de la Rue-AJR-. A travers un sombre tableau de la vie socio-politique ivoirienne, le locuteur, en patriote patenté, s’emploie à montrer les risques que court son pays, la Côte d’Ivoire et à procéder à une série de diabolisation des hommes politiques et de la société. Il en résulte, donc, la désignation de l’autre, à travers un regard négatif dévoilé par des stratégies d’attaques ou de disqualification.

We propose in this article to study the construction of self-image in the speech of François Hollande. The methodology adopted is essentially the enunciative and argumentative approach. This study allowed us to identify the enunciative structure of so-called political discourse by relying on the enunciative processes employed by the left-wing candidate. Our body of studywas the speech delivered in Toulouse on 03/05/2012. The results showed that the candidate hadremarkable discursive skills thatallowedhim to benefitfrom the arguments of others to strengthenhisown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studies in Contrastive Grammar / Studii de Gramatica Contrastiva is the property of Universitatea din Pitesti and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Les écrans apportent un élément nouveau dans l'environnement de l'enfant et plus encore de l'adolescent. Nouveau partenaire de leur développement, retenant de plus en plus leur attention, ils ont des effets multiples. Ils modifient la relation à l'espace, au temps, à l'attention et introduisent une nouvelle donne dans la construction de la sexualité des jeunes par la place de la pornographie dans les contenus librement accessibles par tous sur Internet. Ils mettent en difficulté–pour le moment–les pratiques pédagogiques. Mais, les conséquences des écrans sur les jeunes dépendent aussi beaucoup du contexte d'utilisation et de l'environnement dans lequel ils vivent. À côté de l'enfant, il y a les parents, avec leurs pratiques éducatives et leur propre utilisation des écrans, et il y a la société, avec ses valeurs, les repères qu'elle offre à ses membres, sa culture et ses modèles. Dans cet article, nous tentons de cerner certains effets de l'utilisation importante des écrans par les enfants et adolescents sur la construction de l'espace et sur le rapport à leur corps en l'illustrant de vignettes cliniques. En effet, l'interaction corps-environnement est à la base de la construction de la représentation du corps propre, comme de celle de l'espace, essentielles à la construction de l'identité. Screens bring a new element to the environment of the child and even more to that of the adolescent. As a new partner in their development, screens are increasingly retaining the child's attention, and have multiple effects. They alter the relationship to space, time and attention and introduce a new dimension in the construction of the sexuality of young people. They are challenging–for the moment–educational practices. But the impact of screens on young people also depends a lot on the context of use and the environment in which they live. Alongside the child, there are parents, with their educational practices and their own use of screens, and there is society, with its values, the benchmarks it offers to its members, its culture and its models. Screens have become ubiquitous and invite humans to interact through their accessibility, the amusing simplicity of their job and their possibilities of interactivity. This tool will promote and even stimulate the child's empowerment vis-à-vis parents in his discovery and exploration of the world. Access to a screen connected to the Internet explodes the possibilities of interactions and exploration of a virtual space that is almost infinite. More and more, there is a striking contrast between the increasing spatial framing of the child confined in socially dedicated places, the room, the parental apartment, then the school, spaces set up for his protection... and his freedom to explore and interact with the virtual environment made possible by the connected screens that parents offer him. For safety reasons, children, especially younger ones, are no longer being opened to the streets, and they spend less and less time in parks or natural spaces (forests, fields, rivers, etc.). Children are increasingly reclusive in the interior spaces of homes and in playgrounds designed for their safety, which sanitizes the encounter with the natural environment. In contrast to this physical framing, the child's framing in the discovery and exploration of the virtual world increasingly escapes parents, despite the "parental control" devices. In this article, we try to identify some of the effects of the significant use of screens by children and adolescents on the construction of space and on the relationship to their bodies illustrating it in clinical vignettes. Indeed, the body-environment interaction is at the basis of the construction of the representation of one's own body, as well as that of space, essential for the building of identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La présente contribution s’intéresse à l’acte énonciatif dans le discours scientifique universitaire. En nous basant sur le genre de la communication orale, nous tentons de retracer la scène énonciative que construit le chercheur pour plaider son discours devant l’auditoire. Les résultats démontrent que le chercheur est soumis à un double processus. D’une part, il s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une énonciation normée « désincarnée ». D’autre part, il tend à impliquer l’auditoire dans son discours par le biais de l’argumentation. Dans cette optique, le discours scientifique universitaire peut être perçu comme le point d’articulation de l’image de soi du chercheur qui représente le noyau de l’énonciation scientifique.

Après avoir rappelé la condition actuelle des parents qui présentent des troubles mentaux graves, nous avons exploré si les patients qui se sentent plus autostigmatisés adoptent un fonctionnement parental moins adéquat. Cent parents avec un trouble mental grave (schizophrénie, trouble bipolaire ou trouble dépressif majeur) ont rempli la version abrégée de l' Internalized Stigma for Mental Illness Scale (ISMI), le Parental Acceptance and Rejection Questionnaire (Parent PARQ) et le Parental Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ). Dans notre échantillon, il est avéré que l'autostigmatisation liée à la maladie mentale, ainsi que les caractéristiques cliniques typiquement associés à la sévérité du trouble (type et ancienneté du diagnostic, antécédents familiaux de trouble mental grave) constituent des facteurs clés pour prédire la qualité du fonctionnement parental. Nos résultats ouvrent sur un débat autour des enjeux institutionnels qui en découlent. After recalling the current conditions of parents with severe mental illness (SMI), we explored whether patients who feel more internalized stigma, adopt less adequate parental functioning. One hundred parents with severe mental illness (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder) were administered the abbreviated version of the Internalized Stigma for Mental Illness Scale (ISMI), the Parental Acceptance and Rejection Questionnaire (Parent PARQ) and the Parental Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ). In our sample, mental illness related internalized stigma, as well as clinical characteristics typically associated with the severity of the mental illness (type and chronicity of diagnosis, family history of SMI) were found to have strong predictive value for the quality of parental functioning. Our results broaden understanding of institutional issues regarding SMI parenting assistance services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Synergies Algérie is the property of GERFLINT (Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches pour le Francais Langue Internationale) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

L'Europe et la France sont traversées par des formes de mobilisation nouvelles, d'initiatives individuelles ou collectives qui trouvent leur expression dans une radicalité exacerbée, qui se forgent et se nourrissent dans le rejet du pacte républicain. Bien souvent, face à la crise économique, les jeunes sont en quête d'idéal. Ce phénomène de radicalisation se nourrit notamment des évolutions sociétales et sociales de ces dernières décennies, telles que l'éclatement de la structure familiale avec la dévalorisation de l'autorité parentale. Aussi, l'islamisme radical leur offre un « kit prêt à penser ». Nous rapportons le rôle de « l'image de soi » en tant que produit de sensations corporelles et d'émotions dans la genèse de ce phénomène. L'Islam radical peut fournir une sorte de « prothèse identitaire » qui va venir supporter l'écart entre la représentation de soi et l'idéal de soi. Europe and France are traversed by new forms of mobilization, individual or collective initiatives that find their expression in an exacerbated radicalism, forged and fed by the rejection of the republican pact. With economic crisis, young people are looking for an ideal. This phenomenon of radicalization feeds in particular societal and social changes of recent decades, such as the break-up of the family structure with the devaluation of parental authority. Also, radical Islamism offers them a "kit ready to think". We report the role of "self-image" as a product of bodily sensations and emotions in the genesis of this phenomenon. Radical Islam can provide them a kind of "identity prosthesis" that will support the gap between self-representation and self-idealism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined how clients' self-image and perception of therapist's behavior are related to the therapeutic alliance, as well as how these variables change in the psychotherapy process in trainee-led psychotherapy. A total of 164 participants (M = 28.9 years) who attended two semesters of treatment at the Psychology Clinic of Umeå University completed the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) to evaluate their perception of their alliance with the therapist. They also completed two questionnaires based on the Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) model to give insight into their self-image patterns and to analyze their perceptions of the therapist's behavior. The results show that a positive self-image and positive perceptions of the therapist's actions increased significantly over the course of the therapy, with a corresponding decrease in negative patterns. The alliance scores show that the therapeutic alliance gains significance over time and that it is influenced more by the perception of the therapist's behavior than by the self-image. The self-image becomes relevant after the mid part of therapy, underlining the role of the therapist in co-creating the treatment relationship. The implications of these results are discussed, and so are directions for future research in other trainee-led settings and samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The trance-dancing culture in Israel is expressed by dance parties held in open, rather than closed, spaces. This research wished to investigate the effect of open-air dancing on self-image, body image, and subjective well-being. This is a combined quantitative and qualitative research study, with 72 participants, 25 males and 47 females, ages 18-30. The results indicate a positive correlation between the degree to which young people prefer open-air parties and the level of their body image, but no positive connection was found between self-image and participation in open-air parties. Young people who greatly prefer participating in open-air parties report a higher level of subjective well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analytic discourse about the I-body in four female addicts is presented, which makes it possible to demonstrate the centrality of the non-constituted filiation in those women. Through in-depth interviews, the weight of the real absence of the mother in female addiction is explored. The emptiness of the bond, which is stressed by indifference or hatred, prevents them from receiving a symbolic support in the intergenerational transmission to situate themselves in the filiation. The failed identity and the effective experience of being daughters generate difficulties to situate themselves as women and mothers. The addiction is an attempt to survive to those "shapeless" forms of suffering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé Objectifs Cette étude souhaite offrir une vision d’ensemble des principaux résultats des recherches actuelles sur la demande de chirurgie esthétique, afin de donner des indications aux professionnels travaillant dans ce milieu et d’ouvrir de nouvelles pistes pour de futures recherches. Méthode Nous avons analysé les contributions théoriques de sept auteurs d’orientation psychanalytique français ayant étudié le sujet de près, en mettant leurs apports en lien avec les résultats des recherches quantitatives internationales sur le sujet. Résultats Nous avons identifié et examiné quatre aspects majeurs traités par les recherches : la question de l’image de soi et de l’identité du patient ; celle du rôle joué par l’autre dans le surgissement d’un désir de chirurgie ; le dilemme de l’existence ou pas d’une chirurgie esthétique thérapeutique et le problème de l’évaluation des contre-indications à la chirurgie. Nonobstant les éléments importants de concordance entre les auteurs, il a été également possible de repérer des divergences interprétatives significatives. Conclusions Nous avons dégagé des perspectives de recherche intéressantes, capables d’apporter des réponses précieuses aux professionnels de demain. Objectives This study aims to offer an overview of the most important results of current research on the request for cosmetic surgery, to provide some indications for practitioners working in the field, and to open new avenues for research. Method We analysed the theoretical contributions of seven psychoanalytical French authors that have closely studied this subject, linking their ideas to the international quantitative research on the subject. Results We identified and discussed four major aspects in our literature review: the question of the patient's self-image and identity; the question of the role played by the other in the emergency on the desire for surgery; the dilemma of the existence or non-existence of therapeutic cosmetic surgery and the problem of the evaluation of the surgery's contraindications. Despite some important points of agreement between the authors, we have also identified some significant interpretative differences. Conclusion We identified some interesting future research perspectives, and were able to provide some valuable responses to future professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The futility of decades of government efforts to disseminate Chinese literature has triggered discussions among Chinese scholars on how to translate and who should be entrusted with this task. Some blame the failure on traditional concepts of translation that overemphasize faithfulness to the original to the point of disregarding target cultural conditions, but others insist that China should have control over its cultural export and that Sino-English should be used to internationalize English. Findings show that traditional concepts should not be blamed, as aggressively source-oriented strategies have been used in outbound translation only in recent years, and that this shift in translation norms in government-initiated outbound translation has spread to non-literary text types, and also to Hong Kong and Taiwan. The same kind of aggressiveness has recently been displayed in other forms of cultural export, triggering resistance in other cultures. All these changes may be attributable to a heightening of cultural self-image. What is needed to address the issue is cultural self-reflection, which will lead to the awareness that economic growth does not immediately bring cultural prestige, and that source-initiated cultural export efforts may make little difference in central cultures. Cultural awareness at a higher level can be achieved only through empathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé L’objectif de cette recherche est d’étudier les troubles alimentaires chez 114 étudiantes en première année de soins infirmiers, au regard de la désirabilité sociale, de l’insatisfaction corporelle et de l’estime de soi physique. Au sein de cet échantillon, 20 % des étudiantes présentent des conduites alimentaires problématiques (restriction alimentaire et/ou symptomatologie boulimique). Les résultats montrent que les troubles alimentaires sont négativement liés (corrélation) à la désirabilité sociale. L’insatisfaction corporelle est mise en avant chez les étudiantes présentant des conduites alimentaires problématiques, et en serait un facteur explicatif principal. L’estime de soi physique est également plus faible chez ces étudiantes. En outre, l’estime de soi et l’apparence sont des facteurs explicatifs secondaires de la restriction alimentaire alors que la désirabilité sociale et l’apparence sont des facteurs explicatifs secondaires des conduites boulimiques. Nos résultats mettent en évidence la présence d’une insatisfaction corporelle au sein de notre échantillon, ne semblant pas opérer comme une réponse à la pression sociale sous-jacente aux influences médiatiques. Selon cette optique, l’investissement du corps leur permettrait d’accéder à une forme de contrôle d’elles-mêmes. Objectives The relation between the subject and its own body seems to be problematic in Eating Disorders. This study aims to better understand eating disorders in non-clinical population, by focusing on social desirability, body dissatisfaction and physical self-esteem. The students represent a high-risk population for eating disorders. These latters usually begin during this period, especially in the first years of study. Weight control as observed in eating disorders could report for the tendency of the individual to seek peers’ approval and could reflect a need to respond to a “social desirability”. It seems important to grasp the concerns of body image by focusing on the individual's perception of his body and the value it assigns. This research deals with eating behaviours disturbances and focuses, on the one hand, on body dissatisfaction, on the other hand, on the analysis of the role of different physical self-esteem dimensions on these behaviours. In addition we explore the relationship between social desirability, body dissatisfaction and eating disorders. We wish to bring light on individuals’ body perception within the framework of eating behaviours disturbance. Methods This work was conducted with 114 females enrolled in a first year nursing program. We used the Eating Attitudes Test, the Social Desirability Scale, the Body Shape Questionnaire and the Physical Self Inventory. Results Regarding EAT scores, 23 students have problematic eating behaviours. The results showed negative links between EAT scores and social desirability, General Self-Esteem, Physical Self-Worth, more especially Sport Competence and Attractive Body. We also found a strong positive link between EAT scores and body dissatisfaction. In addition, women with problematic eating behaviours had moderate body dissatisfaction, which was higher than the others students. Women with problematic eating behaviours had a General Self-Esteem and a Physical Self-Worth, especially Attractive Body, lower than none problematic eating disturbance. Furthermore, body dissatisfaction was a main explanatory factor from problematic eating behaviours. However, General Self-Esteem and Attractive Body seemed to be secondary explanatory factors from anorexia, while Social Desirability and Attractive Body seemed to be secondary explanatory factors from bulimia. Conclusions The research aim was to determine the specificity of social desirability, body dissatisfaction and physical self-esteem within eating disturbances. The results show a body dissatisfaction which seems not to follow social pressure underlying by the media influences. According to this view, body investment would reach, or maintain, individual's control and omnipotence, acting on itself and the relationship. These results lead us to consider otherwise the impact of body perception on eating disturbances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acts of violence are often studied as facts, not as cultural and symbolic expressions. Within this article, the author will shed light on another dimension; explaining how a personal experience of unprovoked assault changed the author's scholarly vision of the intrusive nature of violence, as well as how violence influences the subjective perception of victims. He will show that during that moment of violence, all cultural meaning unravels and the social imagery of the perpetrator is internalised by those that are victimised. The aim of this article is twofold: a) that the specificity of violence needs very specific attention in terms of intervention and rehabilitation, and b) that objectification, especially during genocide, but also other war crimes, provides a key role as to how violence is experienced. Further, the author shows that violence is an intrusive act, where the will of the perpetrator is forced to become the will of the victim. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific Bulletin of the Politehnica University of Timisoara: Transactions on Modern Languages / Buletinul ştiinţific al Universităţii Politehnica din Timişoara: Seria Limbi Moderne is the property of Politehnica University of Timisoara, Department of Communication & Foreign Languages and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cette réflexion s’élabore en suivant le fil tendu entre images filmiques et paroles de ceux qui les ont réalisées. Parcourant Hystérésis (Algérie/Autoédition, 2009, 15’) de Tahar Kessi, Bir d’eau – walk movie – portrait d’une rue (Algérie/Autoédition, 2010, 60’) de Djamil Belloucif, J’ai habité l’absence deux fois (Algérie/Béjaia DOC, 2011, 28’) de Drifa Mezener et El Berrani (Algérie/Béjaia DOC, 2010, 32) d’Aboubakar Hamzi, elle met les uns à côté des autres des mots qui parviennent à faire entrevoir une des géographies possibles du territoire d’un cinéma d’Algérie qui assume totalement son intériorité malgré toutes les assignations. This reflection develops by following the connection between the images that appear in films and the words of those who directed them. Reviewing Tahar Kessi’s Hystérésis (Algeria/Autoédition, 2009), Djamil Belloucif’s Bir d’eau - walk movie - portrait d’une rue (Algeria/Autoédition, 2010), Drifa Mezener’s J’ai habité l’absence deux fois (Algeria/Béjaia DOC, 2011) and Aboubakar Hamzi’s El Berrani, it compares the words that allow us to catch a glimpse of one of the possible landscapes of Algerian cinema, one that completely accepts its inwardness.

Résumé De nombreux enfants, confrontés à l’adversité dès leurs premières années, sont parfois contraints à une vie sans enfance. C’est le cas de certains enfants en situation de rue, dont les microtraumatismes de la carrière d’errant impactent leur développement psychoaffectif, mais aussi leur processus d’identisation. Alors que la confrontation à leur propre mort est peu fréquente, la multitude des cas de traumas complexes (DESNOS, Disorder of stress non otherwise specified ) que traînent ces victimes des institutions de socialisation nous invite à inscrire la psychotraumatologie dans la clinique de la rue. Objectif Après avoir fait le point sur les controverses théoriques qui nourrissent les conjectures sur le traumatisme psychique, nous allons examiner l’actualité sur le trauma complexe et les limites transparaissant dans la nosographie (DSM). L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser les intrications entre trauma complexe, processus identitaires et mise en place de l’image de soi chez l’enfant errant. Méthodologie Nous avons entrepris une étude quantitative auprès de 148 enfants ayant séjourné au moins un an dans la rue, en nous focalisant sur la typologie des évènements traumatiques qu’ils ont vécu. Nous avons analysé les liens entre le vécu traumatique et les processus qui participent de la structuration de la personnalité, nos interrogations portant notamment sur les liens entre le trauma complexe, la dynamique identitaire, l’image de soi et l’estime de soi. Discussion et conclusion Nos observations corroborent de nombreux travaux antérieurs sur les stratégies de survie des enfants en situation de rue. Nous avons mis en évidence la relation entre les traumas complexes de la carrière de rue et le processus d’identisation, et avons postulé une inscription du traumatisme dans la culture à travers l’idée du sens, en faisant, au regard de la manière dont les évènements de vie impactent le développement de ces sujets, une différence entre le trauma agi et le trauma subi. Many children face adversity in their first years of life and are sometimes forced to a life without childhood. This is the case of some children in street situations. The stress of wandering has an impact on their psychological and emotional development and also on their identification process. The many cases of complex trauma (DESNOS, Disorder of stress not otherwise specified) that these victims exhibit in institutions of socialization, invites us to enter into the clinical psychotraumatology of the street. Objective After an update on the theoretical controversies that nourish the speculation about the psychological trauma, we will examine the complex trauma and the limitations that appear in the nosology (DSM). The aim of this study is to analyze the complex entanglements between trauma, identity processes and implementation of self-image in the errant child. Methodology We undertook a quantitative study. One hundred and forty-eight children having spent at least one year in the street were included. We focused on the type of traumatic events they had experienced. We analyzed the relationship between the traumatic experience and the processes involved in the structuring of the personality. Our questions included the complex relationship between trauma, identity, self-image and self-esteem. Discussion and conclusion Our findings support numerous previous studies on the survival strategies of children in street situations. We have highlighted the complex relationship between the trauma of living in the street as a child and the identification process, and have hypothesized an inscription of the trauma in culture through the notion of its meaning, in terms of how life events impact the development of these subjects, a difference between trauma carried out and trauma suffered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess how far identity and self-image disturbances are features of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in adolescence. Method: Face-to-face interviews were carried out with a total of 50 adolescents with BPD and 50 controls, with a median age of 16 (SD 1.1; range 13 to 18) years. Data was analysed using a qualitative methodology, interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Thematic statements representative of adolescents' lived experience were extracted from the interviews. Results: Four main themes representing the day-to-day experiences of adolescents with BPD were identified: emotional experiences characterised by the feelings of fear, sadness and pessimism; interpersonal relationships characterised by the feelings of solitude and hostility from others; a conformist self-image characterised by a feeling of normality and difficulty in projecting into time; and, a structuring of discourse characterised by discontinuity in the perception of experiences. Conclusion: This qualitative study suggests that the day-to-day experiences of adolescents with borderline personality disorder is centred on the experience of the present. Discontinuity in self-image, alongside marked dysphoric manifestations, leads to distress and hinders compliance with care. These issues are highly relevant in psychotherapy and could lead to more effective treatment of the disorder in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Psychiatria Polska is the property of Editorial Committee of Polish Psychiatric Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Objective: Authors propose clinical research data about psychic functioning of adolescent siblings of children with autism. Literature review shows that the main purpose is about adolescent development with atypical environment. Methods: Clinical scales and personality tests give information about self-esteem, anxiety, self-image, narcissism, body image. Samples comparisons, clinical group of adolescent of siblings versus control group of typical adolescent. Statistic method and clinical analyses are given to discuss clinical data. Results: Self-image is perturbed but adaptative functioning is generally observed in the clinical group. A real psychic suffer exists for adolescents of siblings that can be described by means of three process screening self-image, nevertheless it does not clearly appear during childhood and adolescenthood. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Objectives: In the last years, a growing concern seems to emerge regarding psychological disturbance that could result from Internet use. Social-networking websites and particularly Facebook are currently very popular and important communication medium for adolescents and young people. This qualitative study focused on adolescents’ investment on their Facebook profile. The aims of this study were: (1) to better understand Facebook use issues among adolescents and young people; (2) to detect conflicts regarding adolescence that might appear on Facebook; (3) and to compare adolescent and young people use. Method: A semi-structured interview was conducted on 20 adolescents (age ranged from 11 to 21 years old) in order to explore Facebook use as well as parents’ and peers’ relationship. Interviews were transcribed in their entirety and thematic analyses were performed. Results: Thematic analyses highlighted that adolescents do not use Facebook for creating new intimate relationship, but rather to maintain relationship already existing with peers in offline life and to make social experiment. Adolescence issues appeared through adolescents and parents relationship, and self-image. Some participants reported parental intrusions on their Facebook use, and 35% wanted to protect their intimacy/privacy. Half of the sample posted self-promoting pictures. Furthermore, 70% reported waiting for positive feedbacks when they posted items on Facebook. Four participants reported irrational beliefs linked to “friend''s” responses and comments. Facebook use in adolescents is not so different from young people, except for some type of pictures, and for intimacy towards parents. Conclusion: For adolescents, Facebook is a communication medium used for extending daily relationship and communications. Adolescents do not use this social network to create intimate relationship. It is rather network communications than dyadic relationship. It is a place of social experience, where adolescents experiment rivalry, jealousies, betrayal, and also social support, and positive or negative self-image. Adolescents show on Facebook a particular self-image. Facebook use in adolescents and parental position underline adolescents’ autonomy. However, problematic or inappropriate use of Facebook in adolescents has to be carefully considered. Future research is needed to identify the long-term psychopathological consequences of Facebook use. Longitudinal studies could provide in-depth examination of potential problems, leading to identification and development of preventative strategies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The clinical study of precariousness shows that the psyche and the somatic are no longer mediatized by the discourse of the Other. This absence of otherness projects the subjects that experience it in an unassimilable real. Unable to identify themselves with their body and their image, they cannot feel their physical degradation and their pathology. This leads to the assumption that a divided body is the object of a negation delirium. Nowadays, new medical technologies and mainly medical imaging divide the patient''s body in separate units, blocking the access to the fantasized body. Through the socially excluded, this article poses the question of the impact of an increasing objectivization of the medical profession. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of Obésité is the property of Lavoisier and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of European Review of Applied Psychology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Authors propose clinical research data about psychic functioning of siblings of children with autism. Literature review shows that the main purpose is about child development with atypical environment. Method: Personality tests give information about self-image, narcissism, body image. Samples comparisons, clinical group of children of siblings versus control group of typical children. Statistic method and clinical analyses are given to discuss clinical date. Results: Self-image is perturbed but adaptative functioning are generally observed in the clinical group. The quality of relationships with parents seems to be the most important factor for a best psychological development. A real psychic suffer exists for children of siblings, nevertheless it does not appear during childhood. Thus, the question becomes the evolution of self-image and psychic identity during adolescenthood. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of Revue Francophone de Psycho-Oncologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: This purpose of this study is to evaluate the development of female bulimic patients during their treatment and in particular during the psychotherapy. The method of evaluation takes into account the side effects associated with eating disorders with regard to self image and object relations. It consists in comparing the results of the Rorschach test at the beginning (t1) and at a later stage of the therapy (t2). We assume that four properties (determinants, reaction to symmetry, recurence, contents of the response) are likely to show changes that reflect the patient''s development between two tests. Results demonstrate certain changes that are linked to the four properties studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]