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1,836 results on '"Antithyroid Agents"'

1. COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF THIOURACIL, PROPYLTHIOURACIL, AND METHIMAZOLE ON I-131 METABOLISM BY THE CHICK THYROID AND MEASUREMENTS OT THYROXINE SECRETION RATES.

Author

TANABE Y, KOMIYAMA T, KUBOTA D, and TAMAKI Y

Subjects
Animals, Antithyroid Agents, Bodily Secretions, Chickens, Endocrinology, Feces, Iodine, Iodine Isotopes, Methimazole, Perchlorates, Pharmacology, Poultry, Propylthiouracil, Research, Thiouracil, Thyroid Function Tests, Thyroid Gland, Thyroxine, Urine
Published
1965
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5. Seoul National University Children's Hospital Reports Findings in Thyroiditis (Predictors for thyroid dysfunction after discontinuation of levothyroxine in children and adolescents with Hashimoto thyroiditis).

Subjects
THYROID diseases, ENDOCRINE diseases, ANTICOAGULANTS, CHILDREN'S hospitals, THYROID antagonists, THYROIDITIS
Abstract

A study conducted at Seoul National University Children's Hospital in South Korea focused on predictors for thyroid dysfunction after discontinuation of levothyroxine in children and adolescents with Hashimoto thyroiditis. The research found that 70.2% of patients developed thyroid dysfunction after discontinuation, with 36.2% needing to resume levothyroxine therapy. Factors such as age and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels were identified as significant predictors for successful withdrawal from levothyroxine. The study concluded that older age and lower TSH levels at levothyroxine discontinuation were advantageous for successful withdrawal. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

6. Researchers at Mustansiriyah University Report Research in Hypothyroidism (Estimating the Prevalence of Primary Hypothyroidism in Karbala City, and Modulation of Clinical Manifestations Among Patients Receiving Levothyroxine; A Single Center...).

Abstract

Researchers at Mustansiriyah University conducted a study in Karbala City to estimate the prevalence of primary hypothyroidism and its clinical manifestations among patients receiving levothyroxine therapy. The study found that levothyroxine treatment improved symptoms such as sluggish speech, constipation, lack of appetite, cold sensitivity, weight gain, and weariness. The research concluded that there was no observed correlation between the dosage of levothyroxine and the manifestation of signs and symptoms. The study was published in the Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2024. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

7. Research from Jiangsu Has Provided New Study Findings on Hypothyroidism (Investigating Associations between Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Pregnancy Outcomes and Effects of Levothyroxine Therapy on Improving Maternal and Infant Prognosis).

Abstract

A study from Jiangsu, China, explored the link between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and adverse pregnancy outcomes, as well as the effects of levothyroxine (LT4) therapy on maternal and infant prognosis. The research found that SCH during pregnancy increased the risk of hypertensive disease, fetal growth restriction, premature delivery, and fetal death. However, LT4 replacement therapy was shown to improve outcomes for both mothers and infants, regardless of thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) status. The study involved 635 pregnant women with SCH and 1876 women with normal thyroid function as a control group. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

8. Role of Levothyroxine Supplementation in Delayed Recovery Following Cardiac Surgery.

Abstract

The article discusses a clinical trial, NCT06660823, focusing on the role of levothyroxine supplementation in aiding delayed recovery post cardiac surgery. Hypothyroidism has been linked to various cardiovascular and respiratory complications, affecting heart function and recovery. The study aims to investigate the effects of oral levothyroxine supplementation on patients experiencing delayed recovery after cardiac surgery, with a focus on improving physical fitness and heart function. The trial is set to enroll adult patients aged 45-70 years in Egypt, with a primary completion date of May 31, 2025. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

9. Research Data from Semmelweis University Update Understanding of Hypothyroidism (Analysis of factors influencing the dose of levothyroxine treatment in adequately controlled hypothyroid patients of different etiologies).

Abstract

A recent study conducted at Semmelweis University analyzed factors influencing the dose of levothyroxine treatment in patients with hypothyroidism of different etiologies. The study found that patients with autoimmune hypothyroidism required significantly lower doses of levothyroxine compared to those with post-surgery hypothyroidism. Factors such as age, body weight, BMI, and time since diagnosis were identified as significant predictors of levothyroxine requirement in patients with autoimmune hypothyroidism. The research highlights the importance of considering the underlying cause of hypothyroidism when determining levothyroxine replacement therapy. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

10. Studies from Cardiff University Further Understanding of Hypothyroidism (The Hypothyroidism).

Abstract

A recent study from Cardiff University delves into the complexities of hypothyroidism, a common condition globally that affects various body systems and can present with a range of symptoms. The research highlights the importance of individualized reference intervals for thyroid function tests and discusses the standard treatment of levothyroxine therapy. The study also addresses ongoing debates surrounding treatment thresholds and strategies for managing hypothyroidism, providing valuable insights for future research in this field. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

11. Study Findings from Bashkir State Medical University Advance Knowledge in Hypothyroidism [Comparative Analysis of Oxidative Metabolism in Liver in Different Experimental Models of Hypothyroidism: Low Iodine Diet and Anti-Thyroid drug...].

Abstract

A study conducted at Bashkir State Medical University in Ufa, Russia, compared the effects of low-iodine diet and methimazole-induced hypothyroidism on oxidative metabolism in the liver of rats. The research found that the low-iodine diet model led to more significant inhibition of thyroid function compared to the methimazole-induced hypothyroidism model. The results suggest that conflicting data on oxidative metabolism in hypothyroidism may be due to different approaches used to model thyroid dysfunction. For more information, the study was published in the Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

12. New Graves Disease Findings from Medical University of Bialystok Described (Effect of methimazole treatment on Th1, Th17, and Th22 lymphocytes in pediatric Graves' disease patients).

Abstract

A study conducted at the Medical University of Bialystok in Poland focused on the impact of methimazole treatment on Th1, Th17, and Th22 lymphocytes in pediatric Graves' disease patients. The research highlighted the significant role of these effector T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease and their potential predictive value for therapy outcomes. The study found that low Th17/Th22 ratio values could serve as prognostic factors for normalizing TSH levels in response to methimazole treatment. For more information, the full article is available in Frontiers in Immunology, with contact information for the researchers provided. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

13. Research from Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System Has Provided New Data on Veterans (Frequency and Determinants of Levothyroxine Therapy Initiation for Veterans with Subclinical Hypothyroidism).

Abstract

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System aimed to determine the frequency and determinants of levothyroxine therapy initiation for veterans with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). The study found that 27.5% of veterans with SCH were treated with levothyroxine. Factors associated with higher odds of treatment included being White and having a higher thyrotropin level. The study suggests potential disparities and the influence of SCH severity on treatment decision-making. Further research is needed to better understand the reasons behind these findings. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

14. Mymensingh Medical College Researcher Focuses on Hypothyroidism (Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Primary Hypothyroidism and Adequacy of Levothyroxine Replacement Therapy in Them: A Nationwide Study in Bangladesh).

Abstract

A recent study conducted in Bangladesh aimed to fill the knowledge gap regarding primary hypothyroidism in the country. The study included 2,641 adult patients with primary hypothyroidism who had been on levothyroxine (L-T4) replacement therapy for at least 1 year. The study found that only 26.8% of patients had high adherence to L-T4, and nearly half of the patients did not have optimal L-T4 replacement. Factors associated with uncontrolled hypothyroidism included a vegetarian diet, smokeless tobacco use, disease duration over 5 years, consumption of iron or calcium supplements within 4 hours of L-T4 intake, and low or medium adherence to L-T4. The researchers concluded that physicians should address the barriers to reaching the therapeutic goal for these patients. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

15. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Researcher Reveals New Findings on Female Infertility (Association between Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Assisted Reproduction Technology Singleton Pregnancies: A...).

Abstract

A new report discusses research findings on female infertility, specifically the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and perinatal outcomes in singleton pregnancies resulting from assisted reproduction technology (ART). The study found that women with SCH had an increased risk of preterm birth before 34 weeks. However, the use of levothyroxine therapy was found to be a significant protective factor against preterm birth. The researchers suggest that universal screening for thyroid function and appropriate hormone therapy in pregnant women may help reduce perinatal risks, including preterm birth. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

16. Findings from All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Broaden Understanding of Graves Disease (Efficacy of Antithyroid Drug Therapy Among Patients With Graves' Disease: Results From A Tertiary Care Hospital in Chhattisgarh).

Abstract

A study conducted at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) aimed to understand the clinical manifestations and outcomes of antithyroid drug therapy (ATD) among patients with Graves' disease in central India. The study found that the prevalence of Graves ophthalmopathy was low, and the rates of remission in response to ATD were also low. Factors such as the grade of goiter, T3 and fT4 levels at diagnosis, and peak carbimazole dose were found to predict non-remission. This research provides valuable insights into the efficacy of ATD therapy for Graves' disease in this specific population. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

17. New Data from National Medicines Institute Illuminate Findings in Personalized Medicine (Causes of Difficulties With Adequate Levothyroxine Substitution - an Immunoendocrine Perspective).

Abstract

A recent study conducted by the National Medicines Institute in Warsaw, Poland, explores the challenges and dissatisfaction experienced by patients undergoing levothyroxine replacement therapy for hypothyroidism. The research suggests that the varying response to levothyroxine may be influenced by a complex interplay of individual, environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors, with immunological disturbances playing a significant role. The study emphasizes the need for a personalized approach to treatment strategies for hypothyroidism. This information provides valuable insights for individuals seeking to understand the causes of difficulties in achieving target thyrotropin levels and persistent symptoms despite hormone replacement therapy. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

18. YARAL Pharma Now the Exclusive Supplier of Authorized Generic Levothyroxine Sodium Capsules in the U.S. Market.

Subjects
LEVOTHYROXINE, THYROID cancer, SODIUM, THYROID diseases, ANTICOAGULANTS, ENDOCRINE diseases
Abstract

YARAL Pharma Inc. has become the exclusive supplier of authorized generic Levothyroxine Sodium Capsules in the U.S. market. The capsules are used for the treatment of hypothyroidism and as an adjunct therapy for well-differentiated thyroid cancer. It is important to carefully monitor the dosage and potential side effects of the medication, particularly in patients with underlying cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, or adrenal insufficiency. The use of Levothyroxine Sodium Capsules is not recommended for the suppression of benign thyroid nodules and nontoxic diffuse goiter in iodine-sufficient patients. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

19. Study Results from Division of Urology in the Area of Graves Disease Reported (Radioactive Iodine Therapy of Graves' Disease In Patients Pretreated With Methimazole Without Radioiodine Uptake for Dose Estimation).

Subjects
IODINE isotopes, REPORTING of diseases, UROLOGY, AUTOIMMUNE diseases, ORBITAL diseases, THIOLS, THYROID diseases
Abstract

A study conducted by the Division of Urology in Chicago, Illinois, examined the response predictors to radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy in patients with Graves' disease who were pretreated with methimazole. The study found that RAI therapy without using thyroid uptake for dose estimation was effective in treating Graves' disease. The research concluded that further prospective studies are needed to confirm the viability of this simplified and cost-effective approach. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

20. Alexandria Faculty of Medicine Researcher Publishes New Study Findings on Hypothyroidism (Real-world derived weight-based levothyroxine doses to achieve optimal thyrotropin target in different degrees of autoimmune hypothyroidism).

Abstract

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Alexandria Faculty of Medicine focused on the use of levothyroxine therapy in patients with autoimmune hypothyroidism. The study aimed to determine the optimal weight-based doses of levothyroxine needed to achieve target thyrotropin levels in different degrees of hypothyroidism. The study found that the weight-based dose of levothyroxine varied depending on the severity of hypothyroidism, with higher doses required for more severe cases. Additionally, age and body weight subcategories were found to be important factors in determining the appropriate dosage. This study provides valuable insights for clinicians in managing autoimmune hypothyroidism. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

21. University of Peradeniya Researchers Target Pharmacogenomics [Association of pharmacogenomic, clinical and behavioural factors with oral levothyroxine (LT-4) dose of hypothyroid patients in Sri Lanka: a matched case control study].

Subjects
HYPOTHYROIDISM, PHARMACOGENOMICS, LEVOTHYROXINE, RESEARCH personnel, MEDICAL research, THYROID diseases
Abstract

Researchers at the University of Peradeniya in Sri Lanka are conducting a study to determine the factors associated with the oral levothyroxine (LT-4) dose requirement of hypothyroid patients. The study aims to identify the root causes of variations in LT-4 dosage and explore the potential use of genetic markers for dose adjustment determination in future patients. The research hopes to provide a more comprehensive understanding of hypothyroidism and its management in Sri Lanka, potentially reducing the economic burden of frequent dose adjustments. The study will involve 292 cases and 292 controls, with data collected through questionnaires and blood samples for DNA analysis. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

22. Researchers from Mayo Clinic Report on Findings in Hypothyroidism (Real Practice Assessment of Persistent Symptoms After Initiation of Levothyroxine).

Abstract

A recent report from Mayo Clinic discusses the findings of a study on hypothyroidism. The study aimed to determine the frequency of persistent or new symptoms in patients with hypothyroidism after starting levothyroxine (LT4) therapy. The study included 356 patients, the majority of whom were female, white, and obese, with an average age of 59.5 years. The results showed that approximately 1 in every 4 patients with hypothyroidism receiving LT4 therapy and achieving normal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels experience persistent or new hypothyroid symptoms. The cause of these symptoms remains unclear, highlighting the need for further research and effective management strategies. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

23. Investigation of the Association Between Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy and Neuropsychological Development in Children.

Abstract

This document provides information about a clinical trial, NCT06272721, that aims to investigate the impact of hypothyroidism in pregnancy on the neuropsychological development of children. The study will focus on cognitive and neuropsychological outcomes, specifically in the areas of learning and language. It will involve 31 women diagnosed with hypothyroidism and a control group of 21 women without hypothyroidism. The study will analyze pregnancy outcomes, complications in mothers, and cognitive-neuropsychological outcomes in children using the Griffiths Mental Development Scales II. The study is not yet recruiting participants and is expected to be completed by May 31, 2024. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

24. Research Reports from Madhya Pradesh Provide New Insights into Hypothyroidism (To compare the efficacy and safety of 5 days a week levothyroxine versus daily replacement therapy in hypothyroid patients: An experience from a tertiary care center...).

Abstract

A research report from Madhya Pradesh, India, discusses the efficacy and safety of 5 days a week levothyroxine versus daily replacement therapy in patients with hypothyroidism. The study found that the 5 days a week regimen was noninferior to the daily regimen and increased compliance and satisfaction levels in patients. The research concludes that the 5 days a week levothyroxine replacement regimen can be conveniently prescribed for treating hypothyroidism. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

25. To Compare the Effectiveness of Vitamin D & Levothyroxine Combination Therapy and Levothyroxine Alone on Serum Lipid Profile in Patients With Hypothyroidism.

Subjects
VITAMIN D, BLOOD lipids, LEVOTHYROXINE, HYPOTHYROIDISM, THYROID diseases
Abstract

A clinical trial has been launched to study the effectiveness of combining Vitamin D with levothyroxine therapy in improving lipid levels in individuals with hypothyroidism. The trial aims to determine if adding Vitamin D to standard therapy provides any additional benefits. Participants will receive Vitamin D in replacement doses based on their pre-existing Vitamin D levels, in addition to levothyroxine. The trial will compare this group with another group receiving only levothyroxine to assess the improvement in lipid levels. The trial is currently recruiting participants in Pakistan. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

26. Outcomes of Early-Pregnancy Antithyroid Drug Withdrawal in Graves' Disease: A Preliminary Prospective Follow-Up Study

Author

Xin Hou, Haixia Guan, Shuang Sun, Yang Shi, Chenyan Li, Aihua Liu, Yongze Li, Xiaotong Gao, Yuanyuan Hou, Yang Yang, Yushu Li, Zhongyan Shan, and Weiping Teng

Subjects
Endocrinology, Antithyroid Agents, Pregnancy, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Humans, Thyrotropin, Female, Receptors, Thyrotropin, Prospective Studies, Hyperthyroidism, Graves Disease, Follow-Up Studies, Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating
Published
2022
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27. Management of thyrotoxicosis and pregnancy: Review of the current literature and an update of the care pathway

Author

Philippe Caron

Subjects
Placenta, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Infant, Newborn, General Medicine, Hyperthyroidism, Graves Disease, Pregnancy Complications, Thyrotoxicosis, Endocrinology, Antithyroid Agents, Pregnancy, Critical Pathways, Humans, Female
Abstract

Pregnancy can be complicated by hyperthyroidism or thyrotoxicosis. Diagnosis is founded on an increase in free thyroid hormones and low TSH. The most frequent etiologies are Graves' disease, an autoimmune disease linked to stimulatory anti-TSH receptor antibodies, and non-autoimmune gestational hyperthyroidism linked to the TSH-like activity of the chorionic growth hormone (hCG). During pregnancy, thyrotoxicosis can entail maternal, obstetrical and fetal or neonatal complications. Graves' hyperthyroidism may be responsible for fetal and neonatal hyperthyroidism due to placental transfer of stimulatory anti-TSH receptor antibodies. During pregnancy, treatment of thyrotoxicosis must restore normal thyroid function in the mother without affecting fetal thyroid function. The recent reassessment of the prevalence of teratogenic effects in children of women treated with antithyroid drugs in the first weeks of gestation should orient the care pathway before and during pregnancy for women of child-bearing age with hyperthyroidism linked to Graves' disease.

Published
2022
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28. Graves’ Disease and the Risk of End-Stage Renal Disease: A Korean Population-Based Study

Author

Yoon Young Cho, Bongseong Kim, Dong Wook Shin, Hye Ryoun Jang, Bo-Yeon Kim, Chan-Hee Jung, Jae Hyeon Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung, Kyungdo Han, and Tae Hyuk Kim

Subjects
Male, Endocrinology, Antithyroid Agents, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Republic of Korea, Humans, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Female, urologic and male genital diseases, Hyperthyroidism, Graves Disease, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

Background: Hyperthyroidism is associated with an increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the hyperdynamic state, which is reversible after restoring euthyroidism. However, long-term follow-up of renal dysfunction in patients with hyperthyroidism has not been performed.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance database and biannual health checkup data. We included 41,778 Graves’ disease (GD) patients and 41,778 healthy controls, matched by age and sex. The incidences of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were calculated in GD patients and controls. The cumulative dose and duration of antithyroid drugs (ATDs) were calculated for each patient and categorized into the highest, middle, and lowest tertiles.Results: Among 41,778 GD patients, 55 ESRD cases occurred during 268,552 person-years of follow-up. Relative to the controls, regardless of smoking, drinking, or comorbidities, including chronic kidney disease, GD patients had a 47% lower risk of developing ESRD (hazard ratio [HR], 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37 to 0.76). In particular, GD patients with a higher baseline GFR (≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2; HR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.99), longer treatment duration (>33 months; HR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.58) or higher cumulative dose (>16,463 mg; HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.57) of ATDs had a significantly reduced risk of ESRD.Conclusion: This was the first epidemiological study on the effect of GD on ESRD, and we demonstrated that GD population had a reduced risk for developing ESRD.

Published
2022
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29. Audit of long‐term treatment outcomes of thyrotoxicosis in a single‐centre virtual clinic: The utility of long‐term antithyroid drugs

Author

Miles J, Levy, Narendra, Reddy, David, Price, Ragini, Bhake, Emma, Bremner, Mary, Barrowcliffe, Veronica, Kieffer, Carole, Robinson, Francesco, Zaccardi, and Trevor A, Howlett

Subjects
Iodine Radioisotopes, Thyrotoxicosis, Treatment Outcome, Endocrinology, Antithyroid Agents, Hypothyroidism, Recurrence, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Humans, Thyrotropin, Graves Disease, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

To investigate the long-term outcomes and prognosis of thyrotoxicosis in a large number of patients in a single UK county (Leicestershire).Retrospective cohort analysis of 56,741 thyroid function test (TFT) results, treatment modalities and outcomes in a well-established virtual thyrotoxicosis clinic database.One thousand four hundred and eighty-nine patients were included with a median length of follow-up of 10.9 years. The aetiology of thyrotoxicosis was autoimmune (85.9%), nodular (9.1%) and mixed (5.0%). Treatment modalities included antithyroid drugs (ATDs), radioiodine (RAI; 555 MBq fixed dose) and thyroidectomy.We analysed both individual TFTs and groups of sequential TFTs on or after the same thyroid treatment(s), which we describe as 'phase of thyroid care' (POTC). Patients studied entered the virtual clinic between 1 January 1995 and 1 January 2010; we exported data on every TFT sample up to April 2020.ATD had been used in 99.2% (median 2, maximum seven courses) with long-term ATD (gt;2 years) in 48%. RAI and thyroidectomy were used more commonly with nodular and mixed aetiology. Overall, T4 was more often controlled than thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and at the latest follow-up, T4 was normal ingt;96%, TSH ingt;79% and both ingt;76% of different aetiologies. The mean percentage control of T4 was 85% and TSH 50%; in long-term ATD courses, this improved to 89% and 62%, respectively. In the latest POTC, control of T4 and TSH was best in cases off treatment (95%/87%) and on T4 without ablative therapy (94%/72%), but was broadly similar in patients on long-term ATD (90%/68%), after RAI (92%/60%) or after thyroidectomy (91%/58%). After the first course of ATD, remission or hypothyroidism was seen in 47.3% autoimmune, 20.9% nodular and 32.5% mixed, with 90% relapses seen within 4 years. Relapse was more common in patients with ophthalmopathy, but there was no difference between the sexes.Thyrotoxicosis can be well controlled with minimal specialist clinic attendance using a software-supported virtual shared-care scheme. Long-term ATD appears to be a valid patient choice achieving TFT control comparable to that seen after RAI or surgery. In patients with autoimmune disease, relapse is more common in patients with ophthalmopathy, and hypothyroidism is common after RAI. In nodular disease, we found that spontaneous remission may occur.

Published
2022
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30. The prevalence and significance of nonuniform thyroid radio‐isotope uptake in patients with Graves’ disease

Author

Altayeb Abdalaziz, Ramesh Vanka, Peter Bartholomew, Nicholas Vennart, Jonathan Vernazza, Kathryn Stewart, Vasileios Tsatlidis, Kilimangalam Narayanan, Jolanta U Weaver, and Salman Razvi

Subjects
Male, Endocrinology, Antithyroid Agents, Isotopes, Recurrence, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Prevalence, Humans, Female, Receptors, Thyrotropin, Middle Aged, Graves Disease, Autoantibodies
Abstract

To evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of nonuniform technetium (Patients with GD, referred between July 2005 and March 2018, had TcOf the 276 GD patients (mean age, 49.8 years; 84% female), 25 (9.0%) had nonuniform TcNonuniform radio-isotope uptake is seen in 1 in 11 patients with GD which could be misdiagnosed as toxic multinodular goitre if TRAb levels are not measured. Treatment of GD patients with nonuniform radio-isotope uptake with ATD therapy as first-line appears to be equally effective as compared with those with uniform uptake. TRAb testing should be the main diagnostic test for patients with suspected GD with radio-labelled uptake scans being reserved for those who are TRAb negative.

Published
2022
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31. Study Data from Government Medical College Update Understanding of Hypothyroidism (Efficacy of a levothyroxine dosage regimen based on serum thyrotropin level, for primary hypothyroidism. An open label dose finding study).

Abstract

A study conducted at the Government Medical College in Kerala, India, aimed to determine the efficacy of a levothyroxine dosage regimen based on serum thyrotropin (TSH) levels for primary hypothyroidism. The study found that categorizing patients based on TSH levels led to euthyroidism in approximately four out of five patients. Factors such as pre-treatment TSH levels, serum thyroxine levels, and body weight were found to correlate with the levothyroxine dosage required for adequate replacement. The study provides valuable insights into individualized initial levothyroxine dosage for primary hypothyroidism. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

32. New Hypothyroidism Research from Merck Healthcare KGaA Discussed (Update on therapeutic use of levothyroxine for the management of hypothyroidism during pregnancy).

Abstract

A recent study by Merck Healthcare KGaA highlights the importance of managing hypothyroidism during pregnancy. The research emphasizes that overt hypothyroidism can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes, including miscarriage, and recommends thyroid hormone replacement therapy with levothyroxine (LT4) to reduce these risks. The study also suggests that subclinical hypothyroidism may decrease the chance of a successful pregnancy outcome, and intervention may be necessary for certain patients. However, the study notes that hypothyroidism in pregnancy is often overlooked or not appropriately treated, indicating a need for further research to identify barriers to optimal thyroid care during this critical time. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

33. Data on Female Infertility Discussed by Researchers at Chi Mei Medical Center (Effect of extra-low dose levothyroxine supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in women with subclinical hypothyroidism undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo...).

Abstract

A recent study conducted at Chi Mei Medical Center in Tainan, Taiwan, explored the effects of extra-low dose levothyroxine supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer. The study found that supplementing SCH women with an extra-low dose of levothyroxine (25 mcg/day) produced comparable obstetrical and neonatal outcomes to euthyroid pregnant women. The researchers suggest that extra-low-dose levothyroxine may be a safe and effective alternative for SCH pregnant women who cannot tolerate the standard dose. The study included 589 women, with 167 of them being clinically pregnant after IVF treatment. The average age of the participants was 35 years old. The study did not find any significant differences in age, body mass index, anti-mullerian hormone levels, types of embryo transfer, number of embryos transferred, or embryo stage during transfer between the two groups. The live birth rate, miscarriage rate, preterm birth rate, and small for gestational age rate in women with SCH supplemented with extra-low dose levothyroxine were non-inferior to euthyroid patients. The study was published in the Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023

34. Iodide-sensitive Graves’ hyperthyroidism and the strategy for resistant or escaped patients during potassium iodide treatment

Author

Ken Okamura, Kaori Sato, Megumi Fujikawa, Sachiko Bandai, Hiroshi Ikenoue, and Takanari Kitazono

Subjects
Iodine Radioisotopes, Methimazole, Endocrinology, Antithyroid Agents, Hypothyroidism, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Potassium Iodide, Humans, Thyrotropin, Thyroid Neoplasms, Iodides, Hyperthyroidism, Graves Disease
Abstract

The effectiveness of potassium iodide (KI) (100 mg/day) was evaluated in 504 untreated patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism (GD). Initial response to KI within 180 days, the effect of additional methylmercaptoimidazole (MMI) or radioactive iodine (RI) in resistant or escaped patients, and long-term prognosis were evaluated. Serum fT

Published
2022
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35. Survey of the actual administration of thiamazole for hyperthyroidism in Japan by the Japan Thyroid Association

Author

Takashi Akamizu, Jaeduk Yoshimura Noh, Natsuko Watanabe, and Masanobu Yamada

Subjects
Adult, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Dose, Antithyroid drugs, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Graves' disease, Breastfeeding, Hyperthyroidism, Endocrinology, Antithyroid Agents, Japan, Pregnancy, Humans, Lactation, Medicine, Child, Methimazole, business.industry, Maintenance dose, Thyroid, medicine.disease, Discontinuation, medicine.anatomical_structure, Female, Every Four Weeks, business
Abstract

To clarify the actual administration of thiamazole (MMI), the first choice of antithyroid drugs, the actual therapy provided by the Japan Thyroid Association (JTA) members for the following conditions was surveyed. The subjects included adult patients, pregnant women, and pediatric patients with Graves' disease who visited each medical institution from September 2019 to February 2020. Initial doses, frequency of administration, maintenance doses, maximum doses, consultation intervals for pregnant women, and dosages administrated to breastfeeding mothers were surveyed. The total number of cases collected was 11,663. Administration of 15 mg once a day was the most common initial therapy, constituted 74.4% (2,526/3,397 cases) of adults, 33.8% (44/130) of pregnant women, and 50.8% (61/120) of children. The maintenance dose before discontinuation was equivalent to 2.5 mg/day in 52.3% (3,147/6,015). The most common maximum dose for adults and children was 30 mg/day, administrated to 57.5% of adults (223/388) and 59.6% (28/47) of children; for pregnant women, it was 15 mg/day, administrated to 71.1% (27/38). The most common consultation interval for pregnant women was every four weeks (32.1%, 341/1,063). In lactating mothers, the dose was 10 mg/day or less in 366 of 465 cases (78.7%). Breastfeeding was also allowed 4-6 hours after the administration of 15-20 mg/day in 69 patients (14.8%). Breastfeeding was prohibited in 26 patients (5.6%). In conclusion, initial MMI therapy was started with 15 mg once a day in most patients, and MMI was also administrated to lactating mothers following the Graves' disease treatment guidelines by the JTA.

Published
2022
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36. Risk of Diabetes in Patients with Long-Standing Graves’ Disease: A Longitudinal Study

Author

Eyun Song, Min Ji Koo, Eunjin Noh, Soon Young Hwang, Min Jeong Park, Jung A Kim, Eun Roh, Kyung Mook Choi, Sei Hyun Baik, Geum Joon Cho, and Hye Jin Yoo

Subjects
Thyroid, Radioiodine ablation, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, RC648-665, Hyperthyroidism, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, Iodine Radioisotopes, Endocrinology, Editorial, Diabetes mellitus, Antithyroid agents, Graves disease, Humans, Original Article, Longitudinal Studies, Thyroid Neoplasms
Abstract

Background: The detrimental effects of excessive thyroid hormone on glucose metabolism have been widely investigated. However, the risk of diabetes in patients with long-standing hyperthyroidism, especially according to treatment modality, remains uncertain, with few longitudinal studies.Methods: The risk of diabetes in patients with Graves’ disease treated with antithyroid drugs (ATDs) for longer than the conventional duration (≥2 years) was compared with that in age-and sex-matched controls. The risk was further compared according to subsequent treatment modalities after a 24-month course of ATD: continuation of ATD (ATD group) vs. radioactive iodine ablation (RIA) group.Results: A total of 4,593 patients were included. Diabetes was diagnosed in 751 (16.3%) patients over a follow-up of 7.3 years. The hazard ratio (HR) for diabetes, after adjusting for various known risk factors, was 1.18 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10 to 1.28) in patients with hyperthyroidism. Among the treatment modality groups, the RIA group (n=102) had a higher risk of diabetes than the ATD group (n=4,491) with HR of 1.56 (95% CI, 1.01 to 2.42). Further, the risk of diabetes increased with an increase in the ATD treatment duration (P for trend=0.019).Conclusion: The risk of diabetes was significantly higher in patients with long-standing Graves’ disease than in the general population, especially in patients who underwent RIA and prolonged ATD treatment. Special attention to hyperglycemia during follow-up along with effective control of hyperthyroidism may be necessary to reduce the risk of diabetes in these patients.

Published
2021

37. Thionamide-induced Agranulocytosis: A Retrospective Analysis of 36 Patients With Hyperthyroidism

Author

Yaru Liu, Dongchun Zhu, Shan Gao, Fangbiao Tao, Datong Deng, Haixia Yu, Qiu Zhang, Xuqun Sun, Shiqi Zhang, Xi Cao, Haiyun Zhou, and Quan Xia

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Graves' disease, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Hyperthyroidism, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Antithyroid Agents, White blood cell, medicine, Sore throat, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Retrospective Studies, Methimazole, Triiodothyronine, business.industry, Thyroid, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Propylthiouracil, medicine.symptom, business, Adverse drug reaction, Agranulocytosis, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objective Agranulocytosis is a rare but serious adverse drug reaction (ADR) of thionamide antithyroid drugs (ATDs). We explored the characteristics of ADRs in patients with hyperthyroidism. Methods This retrospective study included 3558 inpatients with Graves disease treated in a Class A Grade 3 hospital between 2015 and 2019. The clinical presentation and laboratory workup of patients with antithyroid drug (ATD)-induced agranulocytosis was analyzed. Results Agranulocytosis was thought to be caused by ATDs in 36 patients. The hospital length of stay was 12 (10-16) days, and hospitalization costs were approximately $2810.89 ($2156.50-$4164.67). The median duration of ATD therapy prior to agranulocytosis development was 30 (20-40) days. Fever (83.33%) and sore throat (75%) were the most common symptoms as early signs of agranulocytosis. The lowest neutrophil counts were 0.01 (0.00-0.03) × 109/L and 0.14 (0.02-0.29) × 109/L in the methimazole and propylthiouracil groups, respectively (P = .037). The recovery times of agranulocytosis were 9.32 ± 2.89 days and 5.60 ± 4.10 days in the methimazole and propylthiouracil groups, respectively (P = .016). Patients with severe agranulocytosis required a longer time to recover (P Conclusions Patients with agranulocytosis needed a long hospital length of stay and incurred high costs. Methimazole was prone to causing a more serious agranulocytosis than propylthiouracil. High thyroid hormone was unlikely to play a role in adverse drug reactions. Patient education is important.

Published
2021
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38. Metabolic effects of brown fat in transitioning from hyperthyroidism to euthyroidism

Author

Brenda Su Ping Lim, S. Sendhil Velan, Navin Michael, Priya Govindharajulu, Siew Pang Chan, Christiani Jeyakumar Henry, Melvin Khee-Shing Leow, Suresh Anand Sadananthan, Wai Han Hoi, Yingshan Lee, Timothy Peng Lim Quek, Shaikh A K K Abdul Shakoor, Pei Shan Yeo, Yaligar Jadegoud, Daniel Ek Chew, Huiling Liew, Sanjay Kumar Verma, Hui Jen Goh, Rinkoo Dalan, Lijuan Sun, and Chee Kian Chew

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Carbimazole, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Thyroid Gland, Standardized uptake value, Hyperthyroidism, Young Adult, Endocrinology, Adipose Tissue, Brown, Antithyroid Agents, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Internal medicine, Brown adipose tissue, medicine, Humans, Aged, Singapore, Methimazole, Triiodothyronine, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Remission Induction, Thyroid, Thermogenesis, Magnetic resonance imaging, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Graves Disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Positron-Emission Tomography, Basal metabolic rate, Body Composition, Clinical Study, Female, Energy Metabolism, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objective Brown adipose tissue (BAT) controls metabolic rate through thermogenesis. As its regulatory factors during the transition from hyperthyroidism to euthyroidism are not well established, our study investigated the relationships between supraclavicular brown adipose tissue (sBAT) activity and physiological/metabolic changes with changes in thyroid status. Design Participants with newly diagnosed Graves’ disease were recruited. A thionamide antithyroid drug (ATD) such as carbimazole (CMZ) or thiamazole (TMZ) was prescribed in every case. All underwent energy expenditure (EE) measurement and supraclavicular infrared thermography (IRT) within a chamber calorimeter, as well as 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron-emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) imaging scanning, with clinical and biochemical parameters measured during hyperthyroidism and repeated in early euthyroidism. PET sBAT mean/maximum standardized uptake value (SUV mean/max), MR supraclavicular fat fraction (sFF) and mean temperature (Tscv) quantified sBAT activity. Results Twenty-one (16 female/5 male) participants aged 39.5 ± 2.5 years completed the study. The average duration to attain euthyroidism was 28.6 ± 2.3 weeks. Eight participants were BAT-positive while 13 were BAT-negative. sFF increased with euthyroidism (72.3 ± 1.4% to 76.8 ± 1.4%; P < 0.01), but no changes were observed in PET SUV mean and Tscv. Significant changes in serum-free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels were related to BAT status (interaction P value = 0.04). FT3 concentration at hyperthyroid state was positively associated with sBAT PET SUV mean (r = 0.58, P = 0.01) and resting metabolic rate (RMR) (P < 0.01). Conclusion Hyperthyroidism does not consistently lead to a detectable increase in BAT activity. FT3 reduction during the transition to euthyroidism correlated with BAT activity.

Published
2021
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39. Larval metamorphosis is inhibited by methimazole and propylthiouracil that reveals possible hormonal action in the mussel Mytilus coruscus

Author

Yu-Qing Wang, Xin Zhu, Xue Shi, Yi-Feng Li, Yi Zheng, Jin-Long Yang, Xiao Liang, Chong Wang, and Yu-Lan Cheng

Subjects
Thyroid Hormones, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system, media_common.quotation_subject, Science, Biology, Iodide Peroxidase, Article, Antithyroid Agents, Internal medicine, Animal physiology, Morphogenesis, medicine, Animals, Juvenile, Metamorphosis, media_common, Mytilus, Larva, Methimazole, Multidisciplinary, Thyroid hormone receptor, fungi, Metamorphosis, Biological, biology.organism_classification, Endocrinology, Propylthiouracil, Iodothyronine deiodinase, Mytilus coruscus, Medicine, Hormone, medicine.drug
Abstract

Larval metamorphosis in bivalves is a key event for the larva-to-juvenile transformation. Previously we have identified a thyroid hormone receptor (TR) gene that is crucial for larvae to acquire “competence” for the metamorphic transition in the mussel Mytilus courscus (Mc). The mechanisms of thyroid signaling in bivalves are still largely unknown. In the present study, we molecularly characterized the full-length of two iodothyronine deiodinase genes (McDx and McDy). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that deiodinases of molluscs (McDy, CgDx and CgDy) and vertebrates (D2 and D3) shared a node representing an immediate common ancestor, which resembled vertebrates D1 and might suggest that McDy acquired specialized function from vertebrates D1. Anti-thyroid compounds, methimazole (MMI) and propylthiouracil (PTU), were used to investigate their effects on larval metamorphosis and juvenile development in M. coruscus. Both MMI and PTU significantly reduced larval metamorphosis in response to the metamorphosis inducer epinephrine. MMI led to shell growth retardation in a concentration-dependent manner in juveniles of M. coruscus after 4 weeks of exposure, whereas PTU had no effect on juvenile growth. It is hypothesized that exposure to MMI and PTU reduced the ability of pediveliger larvae for the metamorphic transition to respond to the inducer. The effect of MMI and PTU on larval metamorphosis and development is most likely through a hormonal signal in the mussel M. coruscus, with the implications for exploring the origins and evolution of metamorphosis.

Published
2021

40. Does Age or Sex Relate to Severity or Treatment Prognosis in Graves' Disease?

Author

Nami Suzuki, Ayako Hoshiyama, Natsuko Watanabe, Jaeduk Yoshimura Noh, Koichi Ito, Kentaro Mikura, Ai Suzuki, Ai Yoshihara, Aya Kinoshita, Ran Yoshimura, Miho Fukushita, Kiminori Sugino, Takako Mitsumatsu, and Masako Matsumoto

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Adolescent, Graves hyperthyroidism, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Graves' disease, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Disease, Risk Assessment, Severity of Illness Index, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Age Distribution, Sex Factors, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Antithyroid Agents, Risk Factors, Humans, Medicine, Sex Distribution, Child, Disease prognosis, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Remission Induction, Age Factors, Health Status Disparities, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Graves Disease, Treatment Outcome, Child, Preschool, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, business
Abstract

Background: The prognosis of Graves' disease (GD) is reportedly related to sex, age, and genetic factors, although there is no consensus. The objective of this study was to investigate the relation...

Published
2021
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41. 재발한 갑상선기능항진증의 치료.

Author

정 재 훈

Subjects
HYPERTHYROIDISM treatment, GRAVES' disease, THYROID antagonists, AUTOIMMUNE diseases, DISEASES, ENDOCRINOLOGY, HYPOTHYROIDISM, MORTALITY, THYROID hormones, THYROIDECTOMY, DISEASE management, DISEASE relapse, IODINE radioisotopes, DIAGNOSIS, THERAPEUTICS, DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

Graves disease is the most common disease that causes hyperthyroidism. It is an autoimmune disease characterized by the overproduction of thyroid hormones due to continuous stimulation of the thyroid gland by thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody. Therapeutic modalities for Graves disease include antithyroid drugs (ATDs), radioactive iodine, and thyroidectomy. ATDs are the most preferred therapeutic option by physicians in most countries except North America. However, current treatment strategies are unfortunately aimed at inhibiting thyroid hormone production or ablating the thyroid to induce permanent hypothyroidism, not at inhibiting thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody. ATD therapy has a high relapse rate (more than 50%), and morbidity and mortality increase in cases of relapse. Therefore, the proper and prompt management of relapsed patients is very important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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42. Methimazole-induced remission rates in pediatric Graves’ disease: a systematic review

Author

Jelmer M van Lieshout, Nitash Zwaveling-Soonawala, Christiaan F. Mooij, and A S Paul van Trotsenburg

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Treatment duration, Graves' disease, Disease, Methimazole, Endocrinology, Antithyroid Agents, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Child, Adverse effect, business.industry, Remission Induction, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Graves Disease, Treatment Outcome, Carbimazole, Remission rate, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objective Comparison of studies on remission rates in pediatric Graves’ disease is complicated by lack of uniformity in treatment protocols, remission definition, and follow-up duration. We performed a systematic review on remission rates in pediatric Graves’ disease and attempted to create uniformity by recalculating remission rates based on an intention-to-treat analysis. Methods PubMed and Embase were searched in August 2020 for studies on patients with Graves’ disease: (i) 2 to 18 years of age, (ii) initially treated with methimazole or carbimazole for at least 18 months, (iii) with a follow-up duration of at least 1 year after cessation of methimazole or carbimazole. All reported remission rates were recalculated using an intention-to-treat analysis. Results Of 1890 articles, 29 articles consisting of 24 patient cohorts were included with a total of 3057 patients (82.6% female). Methimazole or carbimazole was initially prescribed in 2864 patients (93.7%). Recalculation based on intention-to-treat analysis resulted in an overall remission rate of 28.8% (829/2880). Pooled remission rates based on treatment duration were 23.7, 31.0, 43.7, and 75% respectively after 1.5–2.5 years, 2.5–5 years, 5–6 years (two studies), and 9 years (single study) treatment duration. The occurrence of adverse events was 419 in 2377 patients (17.6%), with major side effects in 25 patients (1.1%). Conclusions Using a standardized calculation, the overall remission rate in methimazole-treated pediatric GD is 28.8%. A few small studies indicate that longer treatment increases the remission rate. However, evidence is limited and further research is necessary to investigate the efficacy of longer treatment durations.

Published
2021
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43. Antithyroid Drug Treatment in Graves’ Disease

Author

Jae Hoon Chung

Subjects
Drug, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system, recurrence, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Graves' disease, media_common.quotation_subject, medicine.medical_treatment, Thyrotropin, chemistry.chemical_element, Review Article, Disease, Iodine, Gastroenterology, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, media_common, Thyroid, Pregnancy, congenital abnormalities, Methimazole, business.industry, iodine, Antithyroid agent, Infant, Newborn, medicine.disease, RC648-665, graves disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Propylthiouracil, Female, antithyroid agents, pregnancy, business, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, medicine.drug
Abstract

Graves' disease is associated with thyrotropin (TSH) receptor stimulating antibody, for which there is no therapeutic agent. This disease is currently treated through inhibition of thyroid hormone synthesis or destruction of the thyroid gland. Recurrence after antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment is common. Recent studies have shown that the longer is the duration of use of ATD, the higher is the remission rate. Considering the relationship between clinical outcomes and iodine intake, recurrence of Graves' disease is more common in iodine-deficient areas than in iodine-sufficient areas. Iodine restriction in an iodine-excessive area does not improve the effectiveness of ATD or increase remission rates. Recently, Danish and Korean nationwide studies noted significantly higher prevalence of birth defects in newborns exposed to ATD during the first trimester compared to that of those who did not have such exposure. The prevalence of birth defects was lowest when propylthiouracil (PTU) was used and decreased by only 0.15% when methimazole was changed to PTU in the first trimester. Therefore, it is best not to use ATD in the first trimester or to change to PTU before pregnancy.

Published
2021

44. Fudan University Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Reports Findings in Hypothyroidism (Impact of levothyroxine therapy for maternal subclinical and overt hypothyroidism on early child neurodevelopment: A prospective cohort study).

Subjects
WOMEN'S hospitals, HYPOTHYROIDISM, LEVOTHYROXINE, NEURAL development, LONGITUDINAL method, CONGENITAL hypothyroidism, THYROID diseases
Abstract

Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Asia, Anticoagulants, Antithyroid Agents, Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Studies, Drugs and Therapies, Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions, Endocrinology, Health and Medicine, Hormones, Hypothyroidism, Levothyroxine Therapy, Pediatrics, Pharmaceuticals, Thyroid Diseases and Conditions, Thyroid Drugs The percentage of levothyroxine therapy at the first antenatal visit was significantly lower in the SCH group than that in the OH group (91.24% vs. 97.58%, p<.01), with a similar treatment rate at delivery (99.4% vs. 100%, p>.05). Keywords: Shanghai; People's Republic of China; Asia; Anticoagulants; Antithyroid Agents; Clinical Research; Clinical Trials and Studies; Drugs and Therapies; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Endocrinology; Health and Medicine; Hormones; Hypothyroidism; Levothyroxine Therapy; Pediatrics; Pharmaceuticals; Thyroid Diseases and Conditions; Thyroid Drugs EN Shanghai People's Republic of China Asia Anticoagulants Antithyroid Agents Clinical Research Clinical Trials and Studies Drugs and Therapies Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Endocrinology Health and Medicine Hormones Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Therapy Pediatrics Pharmaceuticals Thyroid Diseases and Conditions Thyroid Drugs 275 275 1 10/30/23 20231103 NES 231103 2023 NOV 4 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Pediatrics Week -- New research on Thyroid Diseases and Conditions - Hypothyroidism is the subject of a report. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023

45. Recent Research from Butler University Highlight Findings in Hypothyroidism (Outcomes and Management of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Hypothyroidism: a Retrospective Analysis).

Abstract

Keywords: Indianapolis; State:Indiana; United States; North and Central America; Anticoagulants; Antithyroid Agents; Cancer; Drugs and Therapies; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Endocrinology; Health and Medicine; Hormones; Hypothyroidism; Levothyroxine Therapy; Oncology; Pharmaceuticals; Thyroid Diseases and Conditions; Thyroid Drugs EN Indianapolis State:Indiana United States North and Central America Anticoagulants Antithyroid Agents Cancer Drugs and Therapies Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Endocrinology Health and Medicine Hormones Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Therapy Oncology Pharmaceuticals Thyroid Diseases and Conditions Thyroid Drugs 968 968 1 10/30/23 20231031 NES 231031 2023 OCT 31 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Cancer Weekly -- Current study results on Thyroid Diseases and Conditions - Hypothyroidism have been published. Secondary outcomes included describing hypothyroidism symptoms and levothyroxine use, time to documented disease progression, and occurrence of additional adverse effects (AEs). According to news reporting originating from Indianapolis, Indiana, by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, "Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) used in cancer treatment cause immune-related adverse effects (irAEs), including thyroiditis leading to hypothyroidism. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023

46. Researchers at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Publish New Study Findings on Insulin Resistance (Effects of levothyroxine replacement therapy on insulin resistance in patients with untreated primary hypothyroidism).

Abstract

In conclusion, in patients with untreated primary hypothyroidism, levothyroxine replacement therapy based on HOMA-IR and QUICKI did not improve insulin resistance; however, lipid profile was significantly improved following levothyroxine administration." Keywords: Anticoagulants; Antithyroid Agents; Drugs and Therapies; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Endocrinology; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Health and Medicine; Hormones; Hyperinsulinism; Hypothyroidism; Insulin Resistance; Levothyroxine Therapy; Lipid Research; Lipids; Lipoproteins; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Peptide Hormones; Peptide Proteins; Pharmaceuticals; Proinsulin; Thyroid Diseases and Conditions; Thyroid Drugs EN Anticoagulants Antithyroid Agents Drugs and Therapies Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Endocrinology Glucose Metabolism Disorders Health and Medicine Hormones Hyperinsulinism Hypothyroidism Insulin Resistance Levothyroxine Therapy Lipid Research Lipids Lipoproteins Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Peptide Hormones Peptide Proteins Pharmaceuticals Proinsulin Thyroid Diseases and Conditions Thyroid Drugs 1731 1731 1 10/16/23 20231017 NES 231017 2023 OCT 16 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Diabetes Week -- Research findings on insulin resistance are discussed in a new report. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023

47. Investigators at Lanzhou University Describe Findings in Hypothyroidism (Effect of Levothyroxine Treatment On Pregnancy Outcomes and Offspring Development In Women With Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Assisted Conception).

Subjects
HUMAN reproductive technology, PREGNANCY outcomes, HYPOTHYROIDISM, CONGENITAL hypothyroidism, MEDICAL ethics, THYROID diseases, THYROTROPIN
Abstract

Keywords: Gansu; People's Republic of China; Asia; Anticoagulants; Antithyroid Agents; Drugs and Therapies; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Endocrinology; Health and Medicine; Hormones; Hypothyroidism; Levothyroxine Therapy; Pharmaceuticals; Thyroid Diseases and Conditions; Thyroid Drugs; Thyronines; Triiodothyronine EN Gansu People's Republic of China Asia Anticoagulants Antithyroid Agents Drugs and Therapies Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Endocrinology Health and Medicine Hormones Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Therapy Pharmaceuticals Thyroid Diseases and Conditions Thyroid Drugs Thyronines Triiodothyronine 1053 1053 1 10/16/23 20231016 NES 231016 2023 OCT 16 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Clinical Trials Week -- Current study results on Thyroid Diseases and Conditions - Hypothyroidism have been published. Keywords for this news article include: Gansu, People's Republic of China, Asia, Anticoagulants, Antithyroid Agents, Drugs and Therapies, Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions, Endocrinology, Health and Medicine, Hormones, Hypothyroidism, Levothyroxine Therapy, Pharmaceuticals, Thyroid Diseases and Conditions, Thyroid Drugs, Thyronines, Triiodothyronine, Lanzhou University. Basic treatment combined with LT4 replacement therapy can effectively improve thyroid hormone levels in pregnant women with SCH, promote early fetal and neonatal development, and reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes.". [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023

48. Findings from Imperial College London in Hypothyroidism Reported [Effect of Combined Levothyroxine (L-T [ [4] ]) and 3-Iodothyronamine (T [ [1] ] AM) Supplementation on Memory and Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in a Mouse Model of...].

Abstract

Keywords: Anticoagulants; Antithyroid Agents; Drugs and Therapies; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Endocrinology; Health and Medicine; Hormones; Hypothyroidism; Levothyroxine Therapy; Neurogenetics; Pharmaceuticals; Thyroid Diseases and Conditions; Thyroid Drugs EN Anticoagulants Antithyroid Agents Drugs and Therapies Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Endocrinology Health and Medicine Hormones Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Therapy Neurogenetics Pharmaceuticals Thyroid Diseases and Conditions Thyroid Drugs 811 811 1 10/09/23 20231013 NES 231013 2023 OCT 13 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- Researchers detail new data in hypothyroidism. Anticoagulants, Antithyroid Agents, Drugs and Therapies, Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions, Endocrinology, Health and Medicine, Hormones, Hypothyroidism, Levothyroxine Therapy, Neurogenetics, Pharmaceuticals, Thyroid Diseases and Conditions, Thyroid Drugs Keywords for this news article include: Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Europe, Anticoagulants, Antithyroid Agents, Pharmaceuticals, Hormones, Endocrinology, Neurogenetics, Thyroid Drugs, Hypothyroidism, Drugs and Therapies, Health and Medicine, Levothyroxine Therapy, Thyroid Diseases and Conditions, Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023

49. Recent Findings in Hypothyroidism Described by a Researcher from National University San Luis (A Novel Development of Levothyroxine Sodium Orodispersible Mini Tablets for the Treatment of Pediatrics Hypothyroidism).

Abstract

Anticoagulants, Drugs and Therapies, Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions, Endocrinology, Health and Medicine, Hormones, Hypothyroidism, Levothyroxine Therapy, Antithyroid Agents, Pediatrics, Pharmaceuticals, Thyroid Diseases and Conditions, Thyroid Drugs Keywords: Anticoagulants; Antithyroid Agents; Drugs and Therapies; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Endocrinology; Health and Medicine; Hormones; Hypothyroidism; Levothyroxine Therapy; Pediatrics; Pharmaceuticals; Thyroid Diseases and Conditions; Thyroid Drugs EN Anticoagulants Antithyroid Agents Drugs and Therapies Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Endocrinology Health and Medicine Hormones Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Therapy Pediatrics Pharmaceuticals Thyroid Diseases and Conditions Thyroid Drugs 1654 1654 1 10/09/23 20231013 NES 231013 2023 OCT 13 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- New study results on hypothyroidism have been published. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023

50. Approach to the Patient: Management and the Long-term Consequences of Graves' Disease in Children

Author

Scott A Rivkees

Subjects
Adult, Methimazole, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Biochemistry (medical), Clinical Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Graves Disease, Iodine Radioisotopes, Endocrinology, Antithyroid Agents, Child, Preschool, Humans, Thyroid Neoplasms, Child
Abstract

In children, Graves' disease (GD) is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Most pediatric patients with GD will not go into lasting remission, even following many years of antidrug therapy. Thus, most pediatric patients will require radioactive iodine (RAI) or surgery. When antithyroid drugs are used, methimazole is the drug of choice. When methimazole is used in children, up to 20% will have minor adverse reactions and serious adverse events occur in up to 1%. RAI is an effective form of therapy when the thyroid size is less than 80 g. Because of concerns of whole-body radiation exposure, it is recommended that RAI be avoided in children under 5 years of age, and dosages less than 10 mCi be used between 5 and 10 years of age. Surgery is an effective treatment in children if performed by a high-volume thyroid surgeon. Because of the scarcity of high-volume pediatric thyroid surgeons, a multidisciplinary approach using pediatric surgeons and endocrine surgeons can be considered. Whereas there is a trend toward long-term antithyroid drug therapy in adults, for several reasons, this approach may not be practical for children. Determining the optimal treatment for the pediatric patient with GD, requires consideration of the risks and benefits relating to age and likelihood of remission.

Published
2022

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