735 results on '"Poli J"'
Search Results
2. Genetic Foundations of Neurophysiological and Behavioural Variability Across the Lifespan.
- Author
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da Silva Castanheira J, Poli J, Hansen JY, Misic B, and Baillet S
- Abstract
Neurophysiological brain activity underpins cognitive functions and behavioural traits. Here, we sought to establish to what extent individual neurophysiological traits spontaneously expressed in ongoing brain activity are primarily driven by genetic variation. We also investigated whether changes in such neurophysiological features observed across the lifespan are supported by longitudinal changes in cortical gene expression. We studied the heritability of neurophysiological traits from task-free brain activity of monozygotic and dizygotic twins as well as non-related individuals recorded with magnetoencephalography. We found that these traits were more similar between monozygotic twins compared to dizygotic twins, and that these heritable core dynamical properties of brain activity are predominantly influenced by genes involved in neurotransmission processes. These genes are expressed in the cortex along a topographical gradient aligned with the distribution of major cognitive functions and psychological processes. Our data also show that the impact of these genetic determinants on cognitive and psychological traits increases with age. These findings collectively highlight the persistent genetic influence across the lifespan on neurophysiological brain activity that supports individual cognitive and behavioural traits.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage during the COVID-19 outbreak in a Hub and Spoke system: observational multicenter cohort study in Lombardy, Italy
- Author
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Fiorindi, A, Vezzoli, M, Doglietto, F, Zanin, L, Saraceno, G, Agosti, E, Barbieri, A, Bellocchi, S, Bernucci, C, Bongetta, D, Cardia, A, Costi, E, Egidi, M, Fioravanti, A, Gasparotti, R, Giussani, C, Grimod, G, Latronico, N, Locatelli, D, Mardighian, D, Nodari, G, Poli, J, Rasulo, F, Roca, E, Sicuri, G, Spena, G, Stefini, R, Vivaldi, O, Zoia, C, Calza, S, Fontanella, M, Cenzato, M, Fiorindi A., Vezzoli M., Doglietto F., Zanin L., Saraceno G., Agosti E., Barbieri A., Bellocchi S., Bernucci C., Bongetta D., Cardia A., Costi E., Egidi M., Fioravanti A., Gasparotti R., Giussani C., Grimod G., Latronico N., Locatelli D., Mardighian D., Nodari G., Poli J. C., Rasulo F., Roca E., Sicuri G. M., Spena G., Stefini R., Vivaldi O., Zoia C., Calza S., Fontanella M. M., Cenzato M., Fiorindi, A, Vezzoli, M, Doglietto, F, Zanin, L, Saraceno, G, Agosti, E, Barbieri, A, Bellocchi, S, Bernucci, C, Bongetta, D, Cardia, A, Costi, E, Egidi, M, Fioravanti, A, Gasparotti, R, Giussani, C, Grimod, G, Latronico, N, Locatelli, D, Mardighian, D, Nodari, G, Poli, J, Rasulo, F, Roca, E, Sicuri, G, Spena, G, Stefini, R, Vivaldi, O, Zoia, C, Calza, S, Fontanella, M, Cenzato, M, Fiorindi A., Vezzoli M., Doglietto F., Zanin L., Saraceno G., Agosti E., Barbieri A., Bellocchi S., Bernucci C., Bongetta D., Cardia A., Costi E., Egidi M., Fioravanti A., Gasparotti R., Giussani C., Grimod G., Latronico N., Locatelli D., Mardighian D., Nodari G., Poli J. C., Rasulo F., Roca E., Sicuri G. M., Spena G., Stefini R., Vivaldi O., Zoia C., Calza S., Fontanella M. M., and Cenzato M.
- Abstract
Background: Lombardy was the most affected Italian region by the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and underwent urgent reorganization for the management of emergencies, including subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured cerebral aneurysm (aSAH). The aim of the study was to define demographics, clinical, and therapeutic features of aSAH during the COVID-19 outbreak and compare these with a historical cohort. Methods: In this observational multicenter cohort study, patients aged 18 years or older, who were diagnosed with aSAH at the participating centers in Lombardy from March 9 to May 10, 2020, were included (COVID-19 group). In order to minimize bias related to possible SAH seasonality, the control group was composed of patients diagnosed with aSAH from March 9 to May 10 of the three previous years, 2017–2018-2019 (pre-pandemic group). Twenty-three demographic, clinical, and therapeutic features were collected. Statistical analysis was performed. Results: Seventy-two patients during the COVID-19 period and 179 in the control group were enrolled at 14 centers. Only 4 patients were positive for SARS-CoV-2. The “diagnostic delay” was significantly increased (+ 68%) in the COVID-19 group vs. pre-pandemic (1.06 vs. 0.63 days, respectively, p-value = 0.030), while “therapeutic delay” did not differ significantly between the two periods (0.89 vs. 0.74 days, p-value = 0.183). Patients with poor outcome (GOS at discharge from 1 to 3) were higher during the COVID-19 period (54.2%) compared to pre-pandemic (40.2%, p = 0.044). In logistic regression analysis, in which outcome was the dichotomized Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), five variables showed p-values < 0.05: age at admission, WFNS grade, treatment (none), days in ICU, and ischemia. Conclusions: We documented a significantly increased “diagnostic delay” for subarachnoid hemorrhages during the first COVID-19 outbreak in Lombardy. However, despite the dramatic situation that the healthcare system was expe
- Published
- 2022
4. RNase H2 degrades toxic RNA:DNA hybrids behind stalled forks to promote replication restart.
- Author
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Heuzé J, Kemiha S, Barthe A, Vilarrubias AT, Aouadi E, Aiello U, Libri D, Lin YL, Lengronne A, Poli J, and Pasero P
- Subjects
- Humans, Ribonucleases genetics, DNA metabolism, Hydroxyurea pharmacology, Ribonuclease H genetics, Ribonuclease H metabolism, DNA Replication, RNA genetics
- Abstract
R-loops represent a major source of replication stress, but the mechanism by which these structures impede fork progression remains unclear. To address this question, we monitored fork progression, arrest, and restart in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells lacking RNase H1 and H2, two enzymes responsible for degrading RNA:DNA hybrids. We found that while RNase H-deficient cells could replicate their chromosomes normally under unchallenged growth conditions, their replication was impaired when exposed to hydroxyurea (HU) or methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). Treated cells exhibited increased levels of RNA:DNA hybrids at stalled forks and were unable to generate RPA-coated single-stranded (ssDNA), an important postreplicative intermediate in resuming replication. Similar impairments in nascent DNA resection and ssDNA formation at HU-arrested forks were observed in human cells lacking RNase H2. However, fork resection was fully restored by addition of triptolide, an inhibitor of transcription that induces RNA polymerase degradation. Taken together, these data indicate that RNA:DNA hybrids not only act as barriers to replication forks, but also interfere with postreplicative fork repair mechanisms if not promptly degraded by RNase H., (© 2023 The Authors.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Impact of R-loops on oncogene-induced replication stress in cancer cells.
- Author
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Heuzé J, Lin YL, Lengronne A, Poli J, and Pasero P
- Subjects
- R-Loop Structures, DNA Replication genetics, DNA, Oncogenes genetics, RNA, Transcription, Genetic, Neoplasms genetics
- Abstract
Replication stress is an alteration in the progression of replication forks caused by a variety of events of endogenous or exogenous origin. In precancerous lesions, this stress is exacerbated by the deregulation of oncogenic pathways, which notably disrupts the coordination between replication and transcription, and leads to genetic instability and cancer development. It is now well established that transcription can interfere with genome replication in different ways, such as head-on collisions between polymerases, accumulation of positive DNA supercoils or formation of R-loops. These structures form during transcription when nascent RNA reanneals with DNA behind the RNA polymerase, forming a stable DNA:RNA hybrid. In this review, we discuss how these different cotranscriptional processes disrupt the progression of replication forks and how they contribute to genetic instability in cancer cells.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage during the COVID-19 outbreak in a Hub and Spoke system: observational multicenter cohort study in Lombardy, Italy
- Author
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Fiorindi, A., Vezzoli, M., Doglietto, Francesco, Zanin, L., Saraceno, G., Agosti, E., Barbieri, A., Bellocchi, S., Bernucci, C., Bongetta, D., Cardia, A., Costi, E., Egidi, M., Fioravanti, A., Gasparotti, R., Giussani, C., Grimod, G., Latronico, N., Locatelli, D., Mardighian, D., Nodari, G., Poli, J. C., Rasulo, F., Roca, E., Sicuri, G. M., Spena, G., Stefini, R., Vivaldi, O., Zoia, C., Calza, S., Fontanella, Marco Maria, Cenzato, M., Doglietto F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7438-0734), Fontanella M. M., Fiorindi, A., Vezzoli, M., Doglietto, Francesco, Zanin, L., Saraceno, G., Agosti, E., Barbieri, A., Bellocchi, S., Bernucci, C., Bongetta, D., Cardia, A., Costi, E., Egidi, M., Fioravanti, A., Gasparotti, R., Giussani, C., Grimod, G., Latronico, N., Locatelli, D., Mardighian, D., Nodari, G., Poli, J. C., Rasulo, F., Roca, E., Sicuri, G. M., Spena, G., Stefini, R., Vivaldi, O., Zoia, C., Calza, S., Fontanella, Marco Maria, Cenzato, M., Doglietto F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7438-0734), and Fontanella M. M.
- Abstract
Background: Lombardy was the most affected Italian region by the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and underwent urgent reorganization for the management of emergencies, including subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured cerebral aneurysm (aSAH). The aim of the study was to define demographics, clinical, and therapeutic features of aSAH during the COVID-19 outbreak and compare these with a historical cohort. Methods: In this observational multicenter cohort study, patients aged 18 years or older, who were diagnosed with aSAH at the participating centers in Lombardy from March 9 to May 10, 2020, were included (COVID-19 group). In order to minimize bias related to possible SAH seasonality, the control group was composed of patients diagnosed with aSAH from March 9 to May 10 of the three previous years, 2017–2018-2019 (pre-pandemic group). Twenty-three demographic, clinical, and therapeutic features were collected. Statistical analysis was performed. Results: Seventy-two patients during the COVID-19 period and 179 in the control group were enrolled at 14 centers. Only 4 patients were positive for SARS-CoV-2. The “diagnostic delay” was significantly increased (+ 68%) in the COVID-19 group vs. pre-pandemic (1.06 vs. 0.63 days, respectively, p-value = 0.030), while “therapeutic delay” did not differ significantly between the two periods (0.89 vs. 0.74 days, p-value = 0.183). Patients with poor outcome (GOS at discharge from 1 to 3) were higher during the COVID-19 period (54.2%) compared to pre-pandemic (40.2%, p = 0.044). In logistic regression analysis, in which outcome was the dichotomized Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), five variables showed p-values < 0.05: age at admission, WFNS grade, treatment (none), days in ICU, and ischemia. Conclusions: We documented a significantly increased “diagnostic delay” for subarachnoid hemorrhages during the first COVID-19 outbreak in Lombardy. However, despite the dramatic situation that the healthcare system was expe
- Published
- 2022
7. Eintrag: «Stonehenge»
- Author
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Battistini, O, Poli, J-D, Ronzeaud, P, Vincensini, J-J, Battistini, O ( O ), Poli, J ( J-D ), Ronzeaud, P ( P ), Vincensini, J ( J-J ), Trachsler, Richard; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9918-5188, Battistini, O, Poli, J-D, Ronzeaud, P, Vincensini, J-J, Battistini, O ( O ), Poli, J ( J-D ), Ronzeaud, P ( P ), Vincensini, J ( J-J ), and Trachsler, Richard; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9918-5188
- Published
- 2011
8. A regulatory phosphorylation site on Mec1 controls chromatin occupancy of RNA polymerases during replication stress.
- Author
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Hurst V, Challa K, Jonas F, Forey R, Sack R, Seebacher J, Schmid CD, Barkai N, Shimada K, Gasser SM, and Poli J
- Subjects
- Chromatin chemistry, Chromatin drug effects, Chromatin metabolism, Galactokinase genetics, Galactokinase metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Hydroxyurea pharmacology, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins genetics, Phosphoproteins, Phosphorylation, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics, RNA Polymerase II metabolism, RNA Polymerase III metabolism, S Phase drug effects, S Phase genetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetics, Stress, Physiological drug effects, Stress, Physiological genetics, Transcription, Genetic, DNA Replication, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins metabolism, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, RNA Polymerase II genetics, RNA Polymerase III genetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins genetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Upon replication stress, budding yeast checkpoint kinase Mec1
ATR triggers the downregulation of transcription, thereby reducing the level of RNA polymerase (RNAP) on chromatin to facilitate replication fork progression. Here, we identify a hydroxyurea-induced phosphorylation site on Mec1, Mec1-S1991, that contributes to the eviction of RNAPII and RNAPIII during replication stress. The expression of the non-phosphorylatable mec1-S1991A mutant reduces replication fork progression genome-wide and compromises survival on hydroxyurea. This defect can be suppressed by destabilizing chromatin-bound RNAPII through a TAP fusion to its Rpb3 subunit, suggesting that lethality in mec1-S1991A mutants arises from replication-transcription conflicts. Coincident with a failure to repress gene expression on hydroxyurea in mec1-S1991A cells, highly transcribed genes such as GAL1 remain bound at nuclear pores. Consistently, we find that nuclear pore proteins and factors controlling RNAPII and RNAPIII are phosphorylated in a Mec1-dependent manner on hydroxyurea. Moreover, we show that Mec1 kinase also contributes to reduced RNAPII occupancy on chromatin during an unperturbed S phase by promoting degradation of the Rpb1 subunit., (© 2021 The Authors. Published under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license.)- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Evaluating predictors of pain reduction after genicular nerve radiofrequency ablation for chronic knee pain.
- Author
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Philip A, Williams M, Davis J, Beeram A, Feng C, Poli J, Vangellow A, and Gewandter J
- Subjects
- Humans, Knee Joint surgery, Pain, Retrospective Studies, Chronic Pain, Osteoarthritis, Knee, Radiofrequency Ablation
- Abstract
Aim: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of genicular nerves can treat refractory chronic knee pain. This study evaluated association between patient and procedural characteristics and pain improvement after genicular nerve RFA. Materials & methods: A retrospective chart review. Data were extracted from patients who underwent thermal or cooled RFA of the knee. Results: A total of 124 patients were included. 81% of patients reported ≥75% pain relief after diagnostic nerve blocks. 35% reported ≥50% pain reduction from the RFA. Predictors of improved pain outcomes included higher baseline pain, no depression and thermal (vs cooled) RFA. Conclusion: Identifying patients who may benefit the most from genicular RFA is still not clear. Pain reduction differences between patients with and without depression and RFA type deserves further exploration.
- Published
- 2021
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10. A clinical trial protocol to treat massive Africanized honeybee (Apis mellifera) attack with a new apilic antivenom
- Author
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Barbosa, A. N., Boyer, L., Chippaux, Jean-Philippe, Medolago, N. B., Caramori, C. A., Paixao, A. G., Poli, J. P. V., Mendes, M. B., dos Santos, L. D., Ferreira, R. S., and Barraviera, B.
- Subjects
Apilic antivenom ,Bee antivenom ,Toxins ,Heterologous serum ,Apis mellifera ,Bee venom ,Envenomation - Abstract
Background: Envenomation caused by multiple stings from Africanized honeybees Apis mellifera constitutes a public health problem in the Americas. In 2015, the Brazilian Ministry of Health reported 13,597 accidents (incidence of seven cases per 100,000 inhabitants) with 39 deaths (lethality of 0.25%). The toxins present in the venom, which include melittin and phospholipase A(2), cause lesions in diverse organs and systems that may be fatal. As there has been no specific treatment to date, management has been symptomatic and supportive only. Methods: In order to evaluate the safety and neutralizing capacity of a new apilic antivenom, as well as to confirm its lowest effective dose, a clinical protocol was developed to be applied in a multicenter, non-randomized and open phase I/II clinical trial. Twenty participants with more than five stings, aged more than 18 years, of both sexes, who have not previously received the heterologous serum against bee stings, will be included for 24 months. The proposed dose was based on the antivenom neutralizing capacity and the number of stings. Treatment will be administered only in a hospital environment and the participants will be evaluated for a period up to 30 days after discharge for clinical and laboratory follow-up. Results: This protocol, approved by the Brazilian regulatory agencies for ethics (National Commission for Ethics on Research-CONEP) and sanitation (National Health Surveillance Agency-ANVISA), is a guideline constituted by specific, adjuvant, symptomatic and complementary treatments, in addition to basic orientations for conducting a clinical trial involving heterologous sera. Conclusions: This is the first clinical trial protocol designed specifically to evaluate the preliminary efficacy and safety of a new antivenom against stings from the Africanized honeybee Apis mellifera. The results will support future studies to confirm a new treatment for massive bee attack that has a large impact on public health in the Americas.
- Published
- 2017
11. Ultrasound guided posterior tibial nerve block for the management of chronic peripheral neuropathic foot pain secondary to sarcoidosis
- Author
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Prabhu, N., primary, Sharma, S., additional, Kralovic, S., additional, and Poli, J., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. 3D positioning of tagged DNA loci by widefield and super-resolution fluorescence imaging of fixed yeast nuclei.
- Author
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Da Mota M, Cau J, Mateos-Langerak J, Lengronne A, Pasero P, and Poli J
- Subjects
- Fluorescent Dyes analysis, Fluorescent Dyes chemistry, Fluorescent Dyes metabolism, Molecular Probes analysis, Molecular Probes chemistry, Molecular Probes metabolism, Cell Nucleus chemistry, DNA analysis, DNA chemistry, DNA metabolism, Imaging, Three-Dimensional methods, Microscopy, Fluorescence methods, Saccharomyces cerevisiae chemistry, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cytology
- Abstract
This protocol describes how to culture, image, and determine the nuclear position of a fluorescently tagged DNA locus in the 3D nucleoplasm of fixed Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Here, we propose a manual scoring method based on widefield images and an automated method based on 3D-SIM images. Yeast culture conditions have to be followed meticulously to get the best biological response in a given environment. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Forey et al. (2020)., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2021 The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. EFFETS SUR L'HOMME DES CEINTURES DE SÉCURITÉ OU SANGLES THORACIQUES AU MOMENT DE L'ARRÊT DES CHUTES
- Author
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Amphoux, M., Poli, J.-P., Sevin, A., Noel, G., and Ardouin, G.
- Published
- 1972
14. A Role for the Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 Complex in Gene Expression and Chromosome Organization.
- Author
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Forey R, Barthe A, Tittel-Elmer M, Wery M, Barrault MB, Ducrot C, Seeber A, Krietenstein N, Szachnowski U, Skrzypczak M, Ginalski K, Rowicka M, Cobb JA, Rando OJ, Soutourina J, Werner M, Dubrana K, Gasser SM, Morillon A, Pasero P, Lengronne A, and Poli J
- Subjects
- Chromosomes, Fungal genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins genetics, Endodeoxyribonucleases genetics, Exodeoxyribonucleases genetics, Multiprotein Complexes metabolism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins genetics, Chromosomes, Fungal metabolism, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Endodeoxyribonucleases metabolism, Exodeoxyribonucleases metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 (MRX) is a highly conserved complex with key roles in various aspects of DNA repair. Here, we report a new function for MRX in limiting transcription in budding yeast. We show that MRX interacts physically and colocalizes on chromatin with the transcriptional co-regulator Mediator. MRX restricts transcription of coding and noncoding DNA by a mechanism that does not require the nuclease activity of Mre11. MRX is required to tether transcriptionally active loci to the nuclear pore complex (NPC), and it also promotes large-scale gene-NPC interactions. Moreover, MRX-mediated chromatin anchoring to the NPC contributes to chromosome folding and helps to control gene expression. Together, these findings indicate that MRX has a role in transcription and chromosome organization that is distinct from its known function in DNA repair., Competing Interests: Declaration of Interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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15. Comparison between morphophysiological and molecular methods for the identification of yeasts isolated from honey.
- Author
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Rodrigues, A. M. D., Pinheiro, R. E. E., Costa, J. A., Santos, J. T. O., Poli, J. S., Rosa, C. A., Soares, M. J. S., Muratori, M. C. S., and Nóbrega, M. M. G. P.
- Subjects
HONEY analysis ,FOOD microbiology ,SUGAR content of food ,YEAST ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
Honey has a characteristic microbiological profile depending on their physical and chemical composition, results of the concentration sugar, with a high degree of resistance to the proliferation of microorganisms. Thus, the aim of the present study was to compare the morphophysiological and molecular methods for identification of yeast isolated from the honey obtained from the Apis mellifera L. bee. To this end, 97 samples of floral honey acquired at two of Piauí's, Brazil, honey cooperatives were analyzed. Yeast identification was conducted by the morphophysiological method and by the molecular analysis of the sequences of the D1/D2 region of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Six yeast strains were isolated, two of them new isolated species; however comparisons between the morphophysiological and molecular methods showed divergence in the identification all the isolated species. Thus, it is concluded that morphophysiological identification tests alone are unreliable as a single yeast identification means and that molecular methods showed higher effectiveness in the identification of yeast isolates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
16. Production of functional killer protein in batch cultures upon a shift from aerobic to anaerobic conditions
- Author
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SILVA, G. A. da, POLI, J. S., POLETTO, C. M., SCHAKER, P. D. C., VALENTE, P., GILDO ALMEIDA DA SILVA, CNPUV, JANDORA SEVERO POLI, CAROLINA MADALOZZO POLETTO, CNPAE, PATRICIA DAYANE CARVALHO SCHAKER, and PATRICIA VALENTE, UFRGS.
- Subjects
Efeito Pasteur ,Efeito crabtree ,Levedura ,Inibição ,Levedura assassina ,Tensão micocinogênica ,Microbiologia - Published
- 2011
17. Report of the First Patient Treated for Pelvic Sarcoma With a Directional 103 Pd Brachytherapy Device.
- Author
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Castaneda SA, Khalili M, Emrich J, Zoghbi VM, Weingarten MS, Rivard MJ, Bowne WB, and Poli J
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Utility of Perineural Steroids Post Radiofrequency Neurotomy.
- Author
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Williams MR and Poli J
- Subjects
- Denervation, Humans, Incidence, Lumbosacral Region, Neuritis
- Published
- 2019
19. The Effects of Repeated Sprints on the Kinematics of 3-Point Shooting in Basketball.
- Author
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Slawinski J PhD, Louis J, Poli J, Tiollier E, Khazoom C, and Dinu D
- Abstract
Fatigue modifies the kinematics of various sports-related movements. Basketball induces fatigue, however, the effects of fatigue on the kinematics of shooting have never been studied. This study analysed the effects of fatigue induced by repeated sprints on the kinematics of 3-point shooting (3PS) in young, elite basketball players (U18 level). 3D joint angles were calculated at the maximum and minimum heights of the centre of mass during 3PS, using inertial measurement units (Biomech system, Xsens Technologies BV, Enschede, The Netherlands). Height, velocity and the angle of the ball at the time of release were extrapolated from the wrist joint angles. All players performed four 3PS actions in dynamic conditions before and after a fatigue protocol at 70% of their maximal exercise capacity. The fatigue protocol consisted of a shuttle test with repeated 20-m sprints interspersed with sets of 5 jumps. There was no change in the kinematics of 3PS (p > 0.05), or the ball release variables (p > 0.05) following the fatigue protocol. This suggests that elite basketball players are able to cope with physical fatigue while performing coordinated movements such as 3PS.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. A pilot study to assess short-term physiologic outcomes of transitioning infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia from ICU to two subacute ventilators.
- Author
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DiBlasi RM, Crotwell DN, Poli J, Hotz J, Cogen JD, and Carter E
- Abstract
Introduction: This study was designed to evaluate short-term physiologic outcomes of transitioning neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) from intensive care unit (ICU) ventilators to both the Trilogy 202 (Philips Healthcare, Andover, MA) and LTV 1200 (CareFusion, Yorba Linda, CA) subacute ventilators., Methods: Six infants with BPD requiring tracheostomies for support with a neonatal-specific ICU ventilator underwent placement of esophageal balloon catheters, airway pressure transducers, flow sensors, oxygen saturation (SpO
2 ), and end tidal carbon dioxide (PET CO2 ) monitors. Noninvasive gas exchange, airflow, and airway and esophageal pressures (PES ) were recorded following 20 min on the ICU ventilator. The infants were placed on the Trilogy 202 and LTV 1200 ventilators in random order at identical settings as the ICU ventilator. We measured noninvasive gas exchange, pressure-rate product (respiratory rate × ΔPES ), ventilator response times, and the percentage of spontaneous breaths that triggered the ventilator at 20 min in each subject while being supported with each of the different subacute ventilators., Results: The mean (SD) weight of the six infants was 4.983 (0.56) kg. There were no differences in heart rate ( p = 0.51) or SpO2 ( p = 0.97) but lower PET CO2 , ΔPES , respiratory rate, pressure rate-product, response times, and greater percentage of subject initiated breaths that triggered the ventilator ( p < 0.05) was observed with the Trilogy 202 than the LTV 1200. All six infants transitioned successfully from the ICU ventilator to the Trilogy 202 ventilator., Conclusion: In this small group of infants with BPD, the Trilogy 202 ventilator performed better than the LTV 1200. The improved subject efforts, per cent subject triggering, and response times observed with the Trilogy are likely related to differences in triggering algorithms, location of triggering mechanisms, and gas delivery system performance within the ventilators. These pilot data may be useful for informing future clinical study design and understanding differences in the level of support provided by different subacute ventilators in infants with BPD.- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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21. Comparaison de l'utilisation digestive et métabolique d'un régime riche en glucides par la carpe a 18øC et 25øC
- Author
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Françoise Médale, Poli, J. M., Frederic Vallée, Blanc, D., Station d'hydrobiologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
- Subjects
CARPE COMMUNE ,[SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology ,[SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology ,ALIMENTATION DES POISSONS ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
National audience
- Published
- 1998
22. Rescuing Stalled or Damaged Replication Forks
- Author
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Yeeles, J. T. P., primary, Poli, J., additional, Marians, K. J., additional, and Pasero, P., additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. IMPROVING VEHICLE FLOW WITH TRAFFIC LIGHTS
- Author
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POLI, J., primary and MONTEIRO, L. H. A., additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. The INO80 remodeller in transcription, replication and repair.
- Author
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Poli J, Gasser SM, and Papamichos-Chronakis M
- Subjects
- Chromatin genetics, Chromatin metabolism, Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly, Gene Expression Regulation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins metabolism, Transcription Factors metabolism, DNA Repair, DNA Replication, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins genetics, Transcription Factors genetics, Transcription, Genetic
- Abstract
The accessibility of eukaryotic genomes to the action of enzymes involved in transcription, replication and repair is maintained despite the organization of DNA into nucleosomes. This access is often regulated by the action of ATP-dependent nucleosome remodellers. The INO80 class of nucleosome remodellers has unique structural features and it is implicated in a diverse array of functions, including transcriptional regulation, DNA replication and DNA repair. Underlying these diverse functions is the catalytic activity of the main ATPase subunit, which in the context of a multisubunit complex can shift nucleosomes and carry out histone dimer exchange. In vitro studies showed that INO80 promotes replication fork progression on a chromatin template, while in vivo it was shown to facilitate replication fork restart after stalling and to help evict RNA polymerase II at transcribed genes following the collision of a replication fork with transcription. More recent work in yeast implicates INO80 in the general eviction and degradation of nucleosomes following high doses of oxidative DNA damage. Beyond these replication and repair functions, INO80 was shown to repress inappropriate transcription at promoters in the opposite direction to the coding sequence. Here we discuss the ways in which INO80's diverse functions help maintain genome integrity.This article is part of the themed issue 'Chromatin modifiers and remodellers in DNA repair and signalling'., (© 2017 The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Solitary Skeletal Muscle Metastasis as First Site of Recurrence of Cervical Cancer: A Case Report.
- Author
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Varadarajan I, Basu A, Besmer S, Poli J, Richard S, and Styler M
- Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, with a large majority of prevalence (85%) in developing countries. As of 2012, it accounts for 7.5% of all female cancer deaths. Despite its high prevalence, skeletal muscle metastasis from cervical cancer is extremely uncommon. In our extensive literature search, we were able to find only 8 cases where skeletal muscle metastasis was the only site of recurrence. We report a case of a 52-year-old African-American woman with a past medical history of cervical cancer (stage IIIB) who presented with pain and swelling in her left upper arm over the preceding 2 months. MRI of the left upper arm showed a solid well-circumscribed mass measuring 7.0 × 2.8 × 2.5 cm, deep to the biceps. Biopsy of the mass revealed a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma that was p16-positive. PET scan showed that the lesion was the sole site of metastasis. She received local radiation with concurrent chemotherapy. Follow-up MRI 6 months after the completion of therapy showed resolution of the mass. She has remained disease-free for the last 24 months as evidenced by a PET/CT scan in May 2016. In this case report, we discuss the role of imaging and pathology in the diagnosis of a solitary metastatic lesion. This case also emphasizes the importance of a close follow-up which aids in early intervention, increasing overall survival.
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- 2017
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26. Complete Response after Treatment with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation with Prolonged Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced, Unresectable Adenocarcinoma of the Pancreas.
- Author
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Pompa TA, Morano WF, Jeurkar C, Li H, Soundararajan S, Poli J, Bowne WB, and Styler M
- Abstract
Surgery is the only chance for cure in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In unresectable, locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC), the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) suggests chemotherapy and consideration for radiation in cases of unresectable LAPC. Here we present a rare case of unresectable LAPC with a complete histopathological response after chemoradiation followed by surgical resection. A 54-year-old female presented to our clinic in December 2013 with complaints of abdominal pain and 30-pound weight loss. An MRI demonstrated a mass in the pancreatic body measuring 6.2 × 3.2 cm; biopsy revealed proven ductal adenocarcinoma. Due to splenic vein/artery and contiguous celiac artery encasement, she was deemed surgically unresectable. She was started on FOLFIRINOX therapy (three cycles), intensity modulated radiation to a dose of 54 Gy in 30 fractions concurrent with capecitabine, followed by FOLFIRI, and finally XELIRI. After 8 cycles of ongoing XELIRI completed in March 2015, restaging showed a remarkable decrease in tumor size, along with PET-CT revealing no FDG-avid uptake. She was reevaluated by surgery and taken for definitive resection. Histopathological evaluation demonstrated a complete R0 resection and no residual tumor. Based on this patient and literature review, this strategy demonstrates potential efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiation with prolonged chemotherapy, followed by surgery, which may improve outcomes in patients deemed previously unresectable.
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- 2017
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27. RPA Mediates Recruitment of MRX to Forks and Double-Strand Breaks to Hold Sister Chromatids Together.
- Author
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Seeber A, Hegnauer AM, Hustedt N, Deshpande I, Poli J, Eglinger J, Pasero P, Gut H, Shinohara M, Hopfner KP, Shimada K, and Gasser SM
- Subjects
- Animals, DNA Replication, DNA-Binding Proteins genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Endodeoxyribonucleases, Epistasis, Genetic, Exodeoxyribonucleases, Replication Protein A, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cytology, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded, DNA Repair, Multiprotein Complexes metabolism
- Abstract
The Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 (MRX) complex is related to SMC complexes that form rings capable of holding two distinct DNA strands together. MRX functions at stalled replication forks and double-strand breaks (DSBs). A mutation in the N-terminal OB fold of the 70 kDa subunit of yeast replication protein A, rfa1-t11, abrogates MRX recruitment to both types of DNA damage. The rfa1 mutation is functionally epistatic with loss of any of the MRX subunits for survival of replication fork stress or DSB recovery, although it does not compromise end-resection. High-resolution imaging shows that either the rfa1-t11 or the rad50Δ mutation lets stalled replication forks collapse and allows the separation not only of opposing ends but of sister chromatids at breaks. Given that cohesin loss does not provoke visible sister separation as long as the RPA-MRX contacts are intact, we conclude that MRX also serves as a structural linchpin holding sister chromatids together at breaks., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2016
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28. Mec1, INO80, and the PAF1 complex cooperate to limit transcription replication conflicts through RNAPII removal during replication stress.
- Author
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Poli J, Gerhold CB, Tosi A, Hustedt N, Seeber A, Sack R, Herzog F, Pasero P, Shimada K, Hopfner KP, and Gasser SM
- Subjects
- DNA Replication genetics, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins genetics, Mutation, Nuclear Proteins genetics, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins genetics, Stress, Physiological genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal genetics, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins metabolism, Nuclear Proteins metabolism, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, RNA Polymerase II metabolism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Little is known about how cells ensure DNA replication in the face of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII)-mediated transcription, especially under conditions of replicative stress. Here we present genetic and proteomic analyses from budding yeast that uncover links between the DNA replication checkpoint sensor Mec1-Ddc2 (ATR-ATRIP), the chromatin remodeling complex INO80C (INO80 complex), and the transcription complex PAF1C (PAF1 complex). We found that a subset of chromatin-bound RNAPII is degraded in a manner dependent on Mec1, INO80, and PAF1 complexes in cells exposed to hydroxyurea (HU). On HU, Mec1 triggers the efficient removal of PAF1C and RNAPII from transcribed genes near early firing origins. Failure to evict RNAPII correlates inversely with recovery from replication stress: paf1Δ cells, like ino80 and mec1 mutants, fail to restart forks efficiently after stalling. Our data reveal unexpected synergies between INO80C, Mec1, and PAF1C in the maintenance of genome integrity and suggest a mechanism of RNAPII degradation that reduces transcription-replication fork collision., (© 2016 Poli et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.)
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- 2016
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29. Timely lagging strand maturation relies on Ubp10 deubiquitylase-mediated PCNA dissociation from replicating chromatin.
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Zamarreño, Javier, Muñoz, Sofía, Alonso-Rodríguez, Esmeralda, Alcalá, Macarena, Rodríguez, Sergio, Bermejo, Rodrigo, Sacristán, María P., and Bueno, Avelino
- Subjects
DEUBIQUITINATING enzymes ,DNA synthesis ,DNA replication ,CELL survival ,PROLIFERATING cell nuclear antigen - Abstract
Synthesis and maturation of Okazaki Fragments is an incessant and highly efficient metabolic process completing the synthesis of the lagging strands at replication forks during S phase. Accurate Okazaki fragment maturation (OFM) is crucial to maintain genome integrity and, therefore, cell survival in all living organisms. In eukaryotes, OFM involves the consecutive action of DNA polymerase Pol ∂, 5' Flap endonuclease Fen1 and DNA ligase I, and constitutes the best example of a sequential process coordinated by the sliding clamp PCNA. For OFM to occur efficiently, cooperation of these enzymes with PCNA must be highly regulated. Here, we present evidence of a role for the K164-PCNA-deubiquitylase Ubp10 in the maturation of Okazaki fragments in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show that Ubp10 associates with lagging-strand DNA synthesis machineries on replicating chromatin to ensure timely ligation of Okazaki fragments by promoting PCNA dissociation from chromatin requiring lysine 164 deubiquitylation. Synthesis and maturation of Okazaki fragments is crucial for lagging strand DNA replication. Here the authors find that the ubiquitin-specific protease Ubp10 works with the DNA synthesis machinery to promote Okazaki fragments joining by removal of PCNA through deubiquitylation of PCNA-K164. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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30. Drone-Assisted Multimodal Logistics: Trends and Research Issues.
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Kim, Kyunga, Kim, Songi, Kim, Junsu, and Jung, Hosang
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- 2024
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31. 多组学视角下植物精油抑菌机理的研究进展.
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王亚哲, 赵永强, 王 迪, 陈胜军, 于 刚, 冯 阳, 王悦齐, and 李春生
- Subjects
VEGETABLE oils ,BACTERIAL cell membranes ,ESSENTIAL oils ,MICROBIOLOGICAL synthesis ,TRANSCRIPTOMES - Abstract
Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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32. Secondary structure determines electron transport in peptides.
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Samajdar, Rajarshi, Meigooni, Moeen, Hao Yang, Jialing Li, Xiaolin Liu, Jackson, Nicholas E., Mosquera, Martín A., Tajkhorshid, Emad, and Schroeder, Charles M.
- Subjects
ELECTRON transport ,GAUSSIAN mixture models ,AMINO acid sequence ,BIOLOGICAL transport ,PEPTIDES - Abstract
Proteins play a key role in biological electron transport, but the structure-function relationships governing the electronic properties of peptides are not fully understood. Despite recent progress, understanding the link between peptide conformational flexibility, hierarchical structures, and electron transport pathways has been challenging. Here, we use single-molecule experiments, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, nonequilibrium Green's function-density functional theory (NEGF-DFT), and unsupervised machine learning to understand the role of secondary structure on electron transport in peptides. Our results reveal a two-state molecular conductance behavior for peptides across several different amino acid sequences. MD simulations and Gaussian mixture modeling are used to show that this two-state molecular conductance behavior arises due to the conformational flexibility of peptide backbones, with a high-conductance state arising due to a more defined secondary structure (beta turn or 310 helices) and a low-conductance state occurring for extended peptide structures. These results highlight the importance of helical conformations on electron transport in peptides. Conformer selection for the peptide structures is rationalized using principal component analysis of intramolecular hydrogen bonding distances along peptide backbones. Molecular conformations from MD simulations are used to model charge transport in NEGF-DFT calculations, and the results are in reasonable qualitative agreement with experiments. Projected density of states calculations and molecular orbital visualizations are further used to understand the role of amino acid side chains on transport. Overall, our results show that secondary structure plays a key role in electron transport in peptides, which provides broad avenues for understanding the electronic properties of proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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33. 10th Francophone Yeast Meeting 'Levures, Modèles & Outils'.
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Martin-Yken H, Ribaud V, Poli J, Hoareau-Aveilla C, Spichal M, Beaufort S, Tilloy V, Delerue T, Capp JP, and Parrou JL
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- DNA, Fungal genetics, DNA, Fungal metabolism, Fermentation, Food Microbiology methods, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Industrial Microbiology methods, Yeasts genetics, Yeasts metabolism, Organelles physiology, Yeasts physiology
- Published
- 2012
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34. dNTP pools determine fork progression and origin usage under replication stress.
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Poli J, Tsaponina O, Crabbé L, Keszthelyi A, Pantesco V, Chabes A, Lengronne A, and Pasero P
- Subjects
- Bromodeoxyuridine, DNA Damage, DNA, Fungal biosynthesis, DNA, Fungal genetics, Hydroxyurea pharmacology, Immunoprecipitation, Ribonucleotide Reductases metabolism, S Phase, Saccharomyces cerevisiae enzymology, DNA Replication, Deoxyribonucleosides metabolism, Replication Origin, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetics
- Abstract
Intracellular deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) pools must be tightly regulated to preserve genome integrity. Indeed, alterations in dNTP pools are associated with increased mutagenesis, genomic instability and tumourigenesis. However, the mechanisms by which altered or imbalanced dNTP pools affect DNA synthesis remain poorly understood. Here, we show that changes in intracellular dNTP levels affect replication dynamics in budding yeast in different ways. Upregulation of the activity of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) increases elongation, indicating that dNTP pools are limiting for normal DNA replication. In contrast, inhibition of RNR activity with hydroxyurea (HU) induces a sharp transition to a slow-replication mode within minutes after S-phase entry. Upregulation of RNR activity delays this transition and modulates both fork speed and origin usage under replication stress. Interestingly, we also observed that chromosomal instability (CIN) mutants have increased dNTP pools and show enhanced DNA synthesis in the presence of HU. Since upregulation of RNR promotes fork progression in the presence of DNA lesions, we propose that CIN mutants adapt to chronic replication stress by upregulating dNTP pools.
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- 2012
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35. Rosa × damascena Herrm. From Azaran region, Kashan: rich in saturated and unsaturated fatty acids with inhibitory effect against Proteus mirabilis.
- Author
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Ghavam, Mansureh
- Subjects
THERAPEUTIC use of flowers ,BACTERIAL disease prevention ,THERAPEUTIC use of essential oils ,MYCOSES ,BACILLUS (Bacteria) ,UNSATURATED fatty acids ,PHYTOCHEMICALS ,STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus ,SALMONELLA ,PROTEUS diseases ,ANTI-infective agents ,PLANT extracts ,CANDIDA albicans ,PERSIAN medicine ,ESCHERICHIA coli ,MEDICINAL plants ,ONE-way analysis of variance ,ORGANIC compounds ,STAPHYLOCOCCUS ,DATA analysis software ,COMPARATIVE studies ,GRAM-negative bacteria ,SATURATED fatty acids ,RIFAMPIN ,PSEUDOMONAS - Abstract
Background: One of the most widely used medicinal plants in Iranian traditional medicine, Rosa × damascena Herrm. (mohammadi flower) that the people of Kashan use as a sedative and to treat nervous diseases and constipation. In this research, the yield, chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of this plant were evaluated for the first time from Azaran region, Kashan. Methods: The essential oil was extracted by means of hydrodistillation (Clevenger), and its chemical compounds were identified and determined by GC/MS. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was determined by the diffusion method in agar, the minimum growth inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum concentration capable of killing bacterial/fungal microorganisms (MBC/MFC). Results: The results showed that the yield of essential oil was 0.1586 ± 0.0331% (w/w). Based on the results of the chemical composition analysis of R. x damascena essential oil, 19 different compounds (98.96%) were identified. The dominant and main components of the essential oil were oleic acid (48.08%), palmitic acid (15.44%), stearic acid (10.17%), citronellol (7.37%) and nonadecane (3.70%). Based on the results of diffusion in agar, the highest zone of inhibition against Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) was ~ 9.5 mm. The strongest inhibitory activity of R. x damascena essential oil against Gram-negative Proteus mirabilis (ATCC 43071) was with the diameter of the inhibition zone (~ 9 mm), which was equal to the strength of rifampin (~ 9 mm). Conclusion: Therefore, this essential oil is a promising natural option rich in fatty acids, which can be a potential for the production of natural antimicrobials against infectious diseases, especially urinary tract infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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36. Parameter Optimization for Model-Based Design and Control of the KVLCC2 Tanker Ship.
- Author
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Sayin, Emre and Bayezit, Ismail
- Abstract
This article provides a model-based design method for heading control based autonomous trajectory tracking of a KVLCC2 ship. Kinematics, dynamics, and hydrodynamic force subsystems are used to represent the ship's motion equations. By contrasting the outcomes with experimental data received from the maneuvering modelling group, the accuracy of the model is confirmed. Heading angle of the ship is controlled by a linear cascade controller, and the settings of the controller are modified by using two separate heuristic optimization techniques: particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm. The comparison of the findings demonstrates that the particle swarm optimization approach is computationally more effective than the genetic algorithm. Performance in the presence of disturbance has been investigated using the controller parameters discovered using particle swarm optimization. A suitable guidance algorithm is incorporated into the architecture of a trajectory tracking system to establish the necessary heading angle for travel between waypoints. We use a real-time simulator to visualize the ship motion on a graphical environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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37. Multi‐strategy Grey Wolf Optimizer for Engineering Problems and Sewage Treatment Prediction.
- Author
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Tang, Chenhua, Huang, Changcheng, Chen, Yi, Heidari, Ali Asghar, Wang, Shuihua, Chen, Huiling, and Zhang, Yudong
- Abstract
Grey wolf optimizer (GWO) is a highly valued heuristic algorithm in many fields. However, for some complex problems, especially high‐dimensional and multimodal problems, the basic algorithm has limited computational power and cannot get a satisfactory answer. In order to find a better solution, an improved algorithm based on GWO is proposed herein. Gaussian barebone, random selection and chaotic game mechanisms are introduced into the GWO algorithm to enhance the global search ability. The GWO enhanced by three mechanisms is called CBRGWO. To verify the performance of CBRGWO, using IEEE CEC 2017 as a test function, CBRGWO is compared to five GWO variants, five basic algorithms, six advanced algorithms, and four champion algorithms. CBRGWO is evaluated using the Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed‐rank test. Then, the stability of CBRGWO is analyzed. To verify that CBRGWO is still effective in practical application, CBRGWO is applied to five engineering problems and a water quality prediction problem. The experimental findings indicate that CBRGWO maintains excellent optimization ability in practical engineering problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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38. Strand-resolved mutagenicity of DNA damage and repair.
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Anderson, Craig J., Talmane, Lana, Luft, Juliet, Connelly, John, Nicholson, Michael D., Verburg, Jan C., Pich, Oriol, Campbell, Susan, Giaisi, Marco, Wei, Pei-Chi, Sundaram, Vasavi, Connor, Frances, Ginno, Paul A., Sasaki, Takayo, Gilbert, David M., Aitken, Stuart, Arnedo-Pac, Claudia, Daunesse, Maëlle, Drews, Ruben M., and Ewing, Ailith
- Abstract
DNA base damage is a major source of oncogenic mutations1. Such damage can produce strand-phased mutation patterns and multiallelic variation through the process of lesion segregation2. Here we exploited these properties to reveal how strand-asymmetric processes, such as replication and transcription, shape DNA damage and repair. Despite distinct mechanisms of leading and lagging strand replication3,4, we observe identical fidelity and damage tolerance for both strands. For small alkylation adducts of DNA, our results support a model in which the same translesion polymerase is recruited on-the-fly to both replication strands, starkly contrasting the strand asymmetric tolerance of bulky UV-induced adducts5. The accumulation of multiple distinct mutations at the site of persistent lesions provides the means to quantify the relative efficiency of repair processes genome wide and at single-base resolution. At multiple scales, we show DNA damage-induced mutations are largely shaped by the influence of DNA accessibility on repair efficiency, rather than gradients of DNA damage. Finally, we reveal specific genomic conditions that can actively drive oncogenic mutagenesis by corrupting the fidelity of nucleotide excision repair. These results provide insight into how strand-asymmetric mechanisms underlie the formation, tolerance and repair of DNA damage, thereby shaping cancer genome evolution.How strand-asymmetric processes such as replication and transcription interact with DNA damage to drive mechanisms of repair and mutagenesis is explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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39. An ERP study on the late stage of Chinese metaphor processing.
- Author
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Xinyi Xu, Jingting Zhang, Yuling Wang, and Minghu Jiang
- Subjects
METAPHOR ,EVOKED potentials (Electrophysiology) ,SEMANTICS - Abstract
Psycholinguistic models of metaphor processing remain a subject of debate. A prime-probe design using Chinese materials with a specific time span (300 ms) was applied to test the mechanisms of metaphor processing. Conventional and familiarized metaphors were designed as primes, followed by a probe word semantically related to the prime metaphor (MT), a probe word related to the literal meaning of the final word of the prime metaphor (LT), control/unrelated probe word (UT), or non-word. Event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by the probes were recorded to examine metaphor processing. In N400, results revealed that UT and LT elicited significantly more negative waveforms than MT in both primes. MTs and LTs showed no di [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
40. Development and characterization of three-dimensional antibacterial nanocomposite sponges of chitosan, silver nanoparticles and halloysite nanotubes.
- Author
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Hernández-Rangel, A., Silva-Bermudez, P., Almaguer-Flores, A., García, V. I., Esparza, R., Luna-Bárcenas, G., and Velasquillo, C.
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
41. A large scale bacterial attraction assay: A new quantitative bacterial migration assay suitable for genetic screens.
- Author
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Quiroz Monnens, Thomas and Boulanger, Alice
- Subjects
XANTHOMONAS campestris ,GENETIC testing ,PHYTOPATHOGENIC bacteria ,SHEWANELLA oneidensis ,BACTERIAL cells - Abstract
Bacteria use various motility mechanisms to explore their environments. Chemotaxis is the ability of a motile bacterial cell to direct its movement in response to chemical gradients. A number of methods have been developed and widely used to study chemotactic responses to chemoeffectors including capillary, agar plug, microscopic slide, and microfluidic assays. While valuable, these assays are primarily designed to monitor rapid chemotactic responses to chemoeffectors on a small scale, which poses challenges in collecting large quantities of attracted bacteria. Consequently, these setups are not ideal for experiments like forward genetic screens. To overcome this limitation, we developed the Large Scale Bacterial Attraction assay (LSBA), which relies on the use of a Nalgene™ Reusable Filter Unit and other materials commonly found in laboratories. We validate the LSBA by investigating chemoeffector kinetics in the setup and by using chemoattractants to quantify the chemotactic response of wild-type, and motility impaired strains of the plant pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and the environmental bacterium Shewanella oneidensis. We show that the LSBA establishes a long lasting chemoeffector gradient, that the setup can be used to quantify bacterial migration over time and that the LSBA offers the possibility to collect high numbers of attracted bacteria, making it suitable for genetic screens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Dormant origin firing promotes head-on transcription-replication conflicts at transcription termination sites in response to BRCA2 deficiency.
- Author
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Goehring, Liana, Keegan, Sarah, Lahiri, Sudipta, Xia, Wenxin, Kong, Michael, Jimenez-Sainz, Judit, Gupta, Dipika, Drapkin, Ronny, Jensen, Ryan B., Smith, Duncan J., Rothenberg, Eli, Fenyö, David, and Huang, Tony T.
- Subjects
GENETIC transcription ,BRCA genes ,RNA polymerase II ,TUMOR suppressor proteins ,DNA damage ,NUCLEOTIDE sequencing - Abstract
BRCA2 is a tumor suppressor protein responsible for safeguarding the cellular genome from replication stress and genotoxicity, but the specific mechanism(s) by which this is achieved to prevent early oncogenesis remains unclear. Here, we provide evidence that BRCA2 acts as a critical suppressor of head-on transcription-replication conflicts (HO-TRCs). Using Okazaki-fragment sequencing (Ok-seq) and computational analysis, we identified origins (dormant origins) that are activated near the transcription termination sites (TTS) of highly expressed, long genes in response to replication stress. Dormant origins are a source for HO-TRCs, and drug treatments that inhibit dormant origin firing led to a reduction in HO-TRCs, R-loop formation, and DNA damage. Using super-resolution microscopy, we showed that HO-TRC events track with elongating RNA polymerase II, but not with transcription initiation. Importantly, RNase H2 is recruited to sites of HO-TRCs in a BRCA2-dependent manner to help alleviate toxic R-loops associated with HO-TRCs. Collectively, our results provide a mechanistic basis for how BRCA2 shields against genomic instability by preventing HO-TRCs through both direct and indirect means occurring at predetermined genomic sites based on the pre-cancer transcriptome. BRCA2 has essential roles in suppressing genome instability at stalled replication forks, but how this is achieved remains unclear. Here, the authors apply Okazaki-fragment sequencing to predict sites of genomic instability caused by head-on transcription-replication conflicts upon BRCA2 loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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43. Comparative Analysis of High-Frequency and Low-Frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation of the Right Median Nerve in the Regression of Clinical and Neurophysiological Manifestations of Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
- Author
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Al-Zamil, Mustafa, Kulikova, Natalia G., Minenko, Inessa A., Shurygina, Irina P., Petrova, Marina M., Mansur, Numman, Kuliev, Rufat R., Blinova, Vasilissa V., Khripunova, Olga V., and Shnayder, Natalia A.
- Subjects
MEDIAN nerve ,GENERALIZED anxiety disorder ,TRANSCUTANEOUS electrical nerve stimulation ,ELECTRIC stimulation ,SYMPTOMS ,ELECTRICAL injuries ,CARPAL tunnel syndrome ,END of treatment - Abstract
Background/Objectives: The anxiolytic effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is associated with the activation of endogenous inhibitory mechanisms in the central nervous system. Both low-frequency, high-amplitude TENS (LF-TENS) and high-frequency, low-amplitude TENS (HF-TENS) are capable of activating opioid, GABA, serotonin, muscarinic, and cannabinoid receptors. However, there has been no comparative analysis of the effectiveness of HF-TENS and LF-TENS in the treatment of GAD. The purpose of our research was to study the effectiveness of direct HF-TENS and LF-TENS of the right median nerve in the treatment of patients with GAD compared with sham TENS. Methods: The effectiveness of direct HF-TENS and LF-TENS of the right median nerve in the treatment of GAD was studied using Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A). 40 patients underwent sham TENS, 40 patients passed HF-TENS (50 Hz—50 μs—sensory response) and 41 patients completed LF –TENS (1 Hz—200 μs—motor response) for 30 days daily. After completion of treatment, half of the patients received weekly maintenance therapy for 6 months. Electroencephalography was performed before and after treatment. Results: Our study showed that a significant reduction in the clinical symptoms of GAD as assessed by GAD-7 and HAM-A was observed after HF-TENS and LF-TENS by an average of 42.4%, and after sham stimulation only by 13.5% for at least 2 months after the end of treatment. However, LF-TENS turned out to be superior in effectiveness to HF-TENS by 51% and only on electroencephalography leads to an increase in PSD for the alpha rhythm in the occipital regions by 24% and a decrease in PSD for the beta I rhythm in the temporal and frontal regions by 28%. The prolonged effect of HF-TENS and LF-TENS was maintained without negative dynamics when TENS treatment was continued weekly throughout the entire six-month observation period. Conclusions: A prolonged anxiolytic effect of direct TENS of the right median nerve has been proven with greater regression of clinical and neurophysiological manifestations of GAD after LF-TENS compared to HF-TENS. Minimal side effects, low cost, safety, and simplicity of TENS procedures are appropriate as a home treatment modality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
44. Imogolite Nanotubes and Their Permanently Polarized Bifunctional Surfaces for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production.
- Author
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Paineau, Erwan, Teobaldi, Gilberto, and Jiménez‐Calvo, Pablo
- Subjects
HYDROGEN production ,NANOTUBES ,CHEMICAL potential ,CHEMICAL reactions ,DENSITY functional theory ,ENERGY conversion - Abstract
To date, imogolite nanotubes (INTs) have been primarily used for environmental applications such as dye and pollutant degradation. However, imogolite's well‐defined porous structure and distinctive electro‐optical properties have prompted interest in the system's potential for energy‐relevant chemical reactions. The imogolite structure leads to a permanent intrawall polarization arising from the presence of bifunctional surfaces at the inner and outer tube walls. Density functional theory simulations suggest such bifunctionality to encompass also spatially separated band edges. Altogether, these elements make INTs appealing candidates for facilitating chemical conversion reactions. Despite their potential, the exploitation of imogolite's features for photocatalysis is at its infancy, thence relatively unexplored. This perspective overviews the basic physical‐chemical and optoelectronical properties of imogolite nanotubes, emphasizing their role as wide bandgap insulator. Imogolite nanotubes have multifaceted properties that could lead to beneficial outcomes in energy‐related applications. This work illustrates two case studies demonstrating a step‐forward on photocatalytic hydrogen production achieved through atomic doping or metal co‐catalyst. INTs exhibit potential in energy conversion and storage, due to their ability to accommodate functions such as enhancing charge separation and influencing the chemical potentials of interacting species. Yet, tapping into potential for energy‐relevant application needs further experimental research, computational, and theoretical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. The thioredoxin system determines CHK1 inhibitor sensitivity via redox-mediated regulation of ribonucleotide reductase activity.
- Author
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Prasad, Chandra Bhushan, Oo, Adrian, Liu, Yujie, Qiu, Zhaojun, Zhong, Yaogang, Li, Na, Singh, Deepika, Xin, Xiwen, Cho, Young-Jae, Li, Zaibo, Zhang, Xiaoli, Yan, Chunhong, Zheng, Qingfei, Wang, Qi-En, Guo, Deliang, Kim, Baek, and Zhang, Junran
- Subjects
RIBONUCLEOSIDE diphosphate reductase ,CHECKPOINT kinase 1 ,THIOREDOXIN ,NON-small-cell lung carcinoma - Abstract
Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) is critical for cell survival under replication stress (RS). CHK1 inhibitors (CHK1i's) in combination with chemotherapy have shown promising results in preclinical studies but have displayed minimal efficacy with substantial toxicity in clinical trials. To explore combinatorial strategies that can overcome these limitations, we perform an unbiased high-throughput screen in a non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line and identify thioredoxin1 (Trx1), a major component of the mammalian antioxidant-system, as a determinant of CHK1i sensitivity. We establish a role for redox recycling of RRM1, the larger subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), and a depletion of the deoxynucleotide pool in this Trx1-mediated CHK1i sensitivity. Further, the TrxR inhibitor auranofin, an approved anti-rheumatoid arthritis drug, shows a synergistic interaction with CHK1i via interruption of the deoxynucleotide pool. Together, we show a pharmacological combination to treat NSCLC that relies on a redox regulatory link between the Trx system and mammalian RNR activity. The clinical application of inhibitors targeting checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) is challenged by limited efficacy. Here, the authors identify that thioredoxin (Trx) system inhibition mediates sensitivity to CHK1 inhibitor via regulating the activity of ribonucleotide reductase, demonstrating the synergistic effect of CHK1 inhibitor and inhibitors targeting Trx system in lung cancer models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Conventionality matters in Chinese metaphor but not simile comprehension: evidence from event-related potentials.
- Author
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Yan Yu, Feng Gu, Yongqing Li, and Jianghua Han
- Subjects
EVOKED potentials (Electrophysiology) ,METAPHOR ,COGNITIVE linguistics ,FIGURES of speech ,SOCIAL comparison - Abstract
Metaphor and simile, two prevalent forms of figurative language widely employed in daily communication, serve as significant research subjects in linguistics. The Career of Metaphor Theory in cognitive linguistics posits that as conventionality increases, the cognitive mechanisms of metaphor comprehension shift from "comparison" to "categorization." In line with this notion, prior electrophysiological investigations have revealed that novel metaphors elicit a stronger N400 brain response compared to conventional metaphors. However, the observed N400 difference between conventional and novel metaphors may merely stem from the familiarity contrast between them, as conventional metaphors are typically more familiar than novel ones. To address this dichotomy, the present study not only compared the N400 responses between conventional and novel metaphors but also between conventional and novel similes. While conventional and novel similes differ in familiarity, similar to conventional and novel metaphors, both are processed via "comparison" mechanisms. The results revealed that novel metaphors elicited larger N400 amplitudes compared to conventional metaphors, aligning with previous findings. In contrast, no significant N400 differences were observed between conventional and novel similes, suggesting that familiarity disparity is unlikely to account for N400 distinctions. Our findings imply that conventional and novel metaphors undergo distinct cognitive processing mechanisms ("comparison" versus "categorization"), thereby providing further empirical validation for the Career of Metaphor Theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Optimized Deep Neuro-Fuzzy Network with MapReduce Architecture for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Classification and Severity Analysis.
- Author
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Bai, G. Mercy and Venkadesh, P.
- Subjects
LYMPHOBLASTIC leukemia ,ACUTE leukemia ,METAHEURISTIC algorithms ,ANIMAL herds ,OPTIMIZATION algorithms - Abstract
The most common life-threatening disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), can be lethal within a few weeks if untreated. The early detection and analysis of leukemia is a key dilemma in the field of disease diagnosis, and the methods available for the classification process are time-consuming. To overcome the issues, this paper develops a robust classification technique named Horse Herd Whale Optimization-enabled Deep Neuro-Fuzzy Network (HHWO-enabled DNFN method) for ALL classification and severity analysis using the MapReduce framework. The input image is first preprocessed and segmented, and the useful features necessary for improving the classification performance are extracted during the mapper phase, known as HHWO, which incorporates Horse Herd Optimization Algorithm (HOA) and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). Finally, severity analysis of ALL is done to classify the levels of leukemia to offer optimal treatment. As a result, the developed method performed better than other existing methods, achieving superior performance with a greater testing accuracy of 0.959, sensitivity of 0.965, and specificity of 0.966, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Progress in in-situ electrochemical nuclear magnetic resonance for battery research.
- Author
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Yong Jiang, Mengmeng Zhao, Zhangquan Peng, and Guiming Zhong
- Subjects
NUCLEAR magnetic resonance ,IONIC structure ,POWER density ,CHEMICAL processes ,ENERGY density - Abstract
A thorough understanding of the fundamental electrochemical and chemical processes in batteries is crucial to advancing energy density and power density. However, the characterizations of such processes are complex. In-situ electrochemical nuclear magnetic resonance (EC-NMR) offers the capability to collect real-time data during battery operation, furnishing insights into the local structures and ionic dynamics of materials by monitoring changes in the chemical environment around the nuclei. EC-NMR also has the advantages of being both quantitative and non-destructive. This paper systematically reviews the design of EC-NMR approach, and delves into the applications and progress of EC-NMR concerning battery reaction mechanisms, failure mechanisms, and overall battery systems. The review culminates in a comprehensive summary of the perspective and challenges associated with EC-NMR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Anti-Biofilm and Anti-Quorum-Sensing Activity of Inula Extracts: A Strategy for Modulating Chromobacterium violaceum Virulence Factors.
- Author
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Dimitrova, Petya D., Ivanova, Viktoria, Trendafilova, Antoaneta, and Paunova-Krasteva, Tsvetelina
- Subjects
CHROMOBACTERIUM violaceum ,DRUG resistance in bacteria ,CHLOROFORM ,SESQUITERPENE lactones ,PLANT extracts ,SCANNING electron microscopy - Abstract
The formation of microbial biofilm is a self-organizing process among bacterial cells, regulated by quorum-sensing (QS) mechanisms, contributing to development of infections. These processes, either separately or in combination, significantly contribute to bacterial resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants. A novel approach to addressing the challenge of treating infections due to antibacterial resistance involves the use of plant metabolites. In recent years, there has been increasing recognition of different phytochemicals as potential modulators. In our study, we evaluated the synergistic effect of chloroform and methanol extracts from Inula species against key virulence factors, including biofilm formation, violacein production, and swarming motility. Each of the 11 examined plant extracts demonstrated the ability to reduce biofilms and pigment synthesis in C. violaceum. Two of the extracts from I. britannica exhibited significant anti-biofilm and anti-quorum-sensing effects with over 80% inhibition. Their inhibitory effect on violacein synthesis indicates their potential as anti-QS agents, likely attributed to their high concentration of terpenoids (triterpenoids, sesquiterpene lactones, and diterpenoids). Scanning electron microscopy revealed a notable reduction in biofilm biomass, along with changes in biofilm architecture and cell morphology. Additionally, fluorescence microscopy revealed the presence of metabolically inactive cells, indicating the potent activity of the extracts during treatment. These new findings underscore the effectiveness of the plant extracts from the genus Inula as potential anti-virulent agents against C. violaceum. They also propose a promising strategy for preventing or treating its biofilm formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Genomic Frequencies of Dynamic DNA Sequences and Mammalian Lifespan.
- Author
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MARTELLA, MARIANNA, CARLESSO, NADIA, WALLER, ZOË A. E., MARCUCCI, GUIDO, PICHIORRI, FLAVIA, and SMITH, STEVEN S.
- Subjects
PROSTATE cancer ,DNA sequencing ,HUMAN DNA ,OLDER patients ,PROSTATE biopsy ,TUMOR markers - Abstract
Background/Aim: Dynamic DNA sequences (i.e. sequences capable of forming hairpins, G-quadruplexes, imotifs, and triple helices) can cause replication stress and associated mutations. One example of such a sequence occurs in the RACK7 gene in human DNA. Since this sequence forms i-motif structures at neutral pH that cause replication stress and result in spontaneous deletions in prostate cancer cells, our initial aim was to determine its potential utility as a biomarker of prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: We cloned and sequenced the region in RACK7 where i-motif deletions often occur in DNA obtained from eight individuals. Expressed prostatic secretions were obtained from three individuals with a positive biopsy for prostate cancer and two with individuals with a negative biopsy for prostate cancer. Peripheral blood specimens were obtained from two control healthy bone marrow donors and a marrow specimen was obtained from a third healthy marrow donor. Follow-up computer searches of the genomes of 74 mammalian species available at the NCBI ftp site or frequencies of 6 dynamic sequences known to produce mutations or replication stress using a program written in Mathematica were subsequently performed. Results: Deletions were found in RACK7 in specimens from both older normal adults, as well as specimens from older patients with cancer, but not in the youngest normal adult. The deletions appeared to show a weak trend to increasing frequency with patient age. This suggested that endogenous mutations associated with dynamic sequences might accumulate during aging and might serve as biomarkers of biological age rather than direct biomarkers of cancer. To test that hypothesis, we asked whether or not the genomic frequencies of several dynamic sequences known to produce replication stress or mutations in human DNA were inversely correlated with maximum lifespan in mammals. Conclusion: Our results confirm this correlation for six dynamic sequences in 74 mammalian genomes studied, thereby suggesting that spontaneously induced replication stress and mutations linked to dynamic sequence frequency may limit lifespan by limiting genome stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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