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1. Functional Organic Materials for Photovoltaics: The Synthesis as a Tool for Managing Properties for Solid State Applications

Author: Antonio Cardone and Agostina Lina Capodilupo
Subjects: energy, organic photovoltaics, functional organic materials, synthetic methodologies, structure-properties correlation, Technology, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Microscopy, QH201-278.5, Descriptive and experimental mechanics, QC120-168.85
Abstract: The continuous increase in the global energy demand deeply impacts the environment. Consequently, the research is moving towards more sustainable forms of energy production, storage and saving. Suitable technologies and materials are fundamental to win the challenge towards a greener and more eco-friendly society. Organic π-conjugated materials, including small molecules, oligomers and polymers are a wide and versatile class of functional materials with great potentiality, as they can be used as active matrixes in the fabrication of lightweight, flexible, cheap and large area devices. Their chemical and physical properties, both at a molecular level and mainly in the solid state, are a result of many factors, strictly related to the conjugated structure and functional groups on the backbone, which control the intermolecular forces driving solid state aggregations. The synthesis, through the molecular design, the choice of conjugated backbone and functionalization, represents the first and most powerful tool for finely tuning the chemico-physical properties of organic materials tailored for specific applications. In the present review, we report an overview of our works focused on synthetic methodologies, characterization, structure-properties correlation studies and applications of organic materials designed for energy-involving solid-state applications, organic photovoltaics in particular. The impact of functionalization on electro-optical properties and performance in device are discussed, also in relation to the specific applications.
Published: 2022
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2. Synthesis and Investigation of Electro-Optical Properties of H-Shape Dibenzofulvene Derivatives

Author: Maria Michela Giangregorio, Salvatore Gambino, Eduardo Fabiano, Mauro Leoncini, Antonio Cardone, Giuseppina Anna Corrente, Amerigo Beneduci, Gianluca Accorsi, Giuseppe Gigli, Maria Losurdo, Roberto Termine, and Agostina-Lina Capodilupo
Subjects: dibenzofulvene, arylamine, ellipsometry spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract: We have synthetized two classes of dibenzofulvene-arylamino derivatives with an H-shape design, for a total of six different molecules. The molecular structures consist of two D-A-D units connected by a thiophene or bitiophene bridge, using diarylamino substituents as donor groups anchored to the 2,7- (Group A) and 3,6- (Group B) positions of the dibenzofulvene backbone. The donor units and the thiophene or bithiophene bridges were used as chemico-structural tools to modulate electro-optical and morphological-electrical properties. A combination of experiments, such as absorption measurements (UV-Vis spectroscopy), cyclic voltammetry, ellipsometry, Raman, atomic force microscopy, TD-DFT calculation and hole-mobility measurements, were carried out on the synthesized small organic molecules to investigate the differences between the two classes and therefore understand the relevance of the molecular design of the various properties. We found that the anchoring position on dibenzofulvene plays a crucial key for fine-tuning the optical, structural, and morphological properties of molecules. In particular, molecules with substituents in 2,7 positions (Group A) showed a lower structural disorder, a larger molecular planarity, and a lower roughness.
Published: 2022
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3. A Convolutional Neural Networks-Based Approach for Texture Directionality Detection

Author: Marcin Kociołek, Michał Kozłowski, and Antonio Cardone
Subjects: directionality detection, texture, convolutional neural networks, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract: The perceived texture directionality is an important, not fully explored image characteristic. In many applications texture directionality detection is of fundamental importance. Several approaches have been proposed, such as the fast Fourier-based method. We recently proposed a method based on the interpolated grey-level co-occurrence matrix (iGLCM), robust to image blur and noise but slower than the Fourier-based method. Here we test the applicability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to texture directionality detection. To obtain the large amount of training data required, we built a training dataset consisting of synthetic textures with known directionality and varying perturbation levels. Subsequently, we defined and tested shallow and deep CNN architectures. We present the test results focusing on the CNN architectures and their robustness with respect to image perturbations. We identify the best performing CNN architecture, and compare it with the iGLCM, the Fourier and the local gradient orientation methods. We find that the accuracy of CNN is lower, yet comparable to the iGLCM, and it outperforms the other two methods. As expected, the CNN method shows the highest computing speed. Finally, we demonstrate the best performing CNN on real-life images. Visual analysis suggests that the learned patterns generalize to real-life image data. Hence, CNNs represent a promising approach for texture directionality detection, warranting further investigation.
Published: 2022
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4. Lipid-Based Nanovesicles for Simultaneous Intracellular Delivery of Hydrophobic, Hydrophilic, and Amphiphilic Species

Author: Antonella Zacheo, Luca Bizzarro, Laura Blasi, Clara Piccirillo, Antonio Cardone, Giuseppe Gigli, Andrea Ragusa, and Alessandra Quarta
Subjects: nanovesicle, nanoparticle, doxorubicin, SN-38, breast cancer, lipidomic analysis, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65
Abstract: Lipid nanovesicles (NVs) are the first nanoformulation that entered the clinical use in oncology for the treatment of solid tumors. They are indeed versatile systems which can be loaded with either hydrophobic or hydrophilic molecules, for both imaging and drug delivery, and with high biocompatibility, and limited immunogenicity. In the present work, NVs with a lipid composition resembling that of natural vesicles were prepared using the ultrasonication method. The NVs were successfully loaded with fluorophores molecules (DOP-F-DS and a fluorescent protein), inorganic nanoparticles (quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles), and anti-cancer drugs (SN-38 and doxorubicin). The encapsulation of such different molecules showed the versatility of the developed systems. The size of the vesicles varied from 100 up to 300 nm depending on the type of loaded species, which were accommodated either into the lipid bilayer or into the aqueous core according to their hydrophobic or hydrophilic nature. Viability assays were performed on cellular models of breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). Results showed that NVs with encapsulated both drugs simultaneously led to a significant reduction of the cellular activity (up to 22%) compared to the free drugs or to the NVs encapsulated with only one drug. Lipidomic analysis suggested that the mechanism of action of the drugs is the same, whether they are free or encapsulated, but administration of the drugs by means of nanovesicles is more efficient in inducing cellular damage, likely because of a quicker internalization and a sustained release. This study confirms the versatility and the potential of lipid NVs for cancer treatment, as well as the validity of the ultrasound preparation method for their preparation.
Published: 2020
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5. TP5, a Peptide Inhibitor of Aberrant and Hyperactive CDK5/p25: A Novel Therapeutic Approach against Glioblastoma

Author: Emeline Tabouret, Herui Wang, Niranjana Amin, Jinkyu Jung, Romain Appay, Jing Cui, Qi Song, Antonio Cardone, Deric M. Park, Mark R. Gilbert, Harish Pant, and Zhengping Zhuang
Subjects: glioblastoma, CDK5, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, ATM, DNA damage, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: We examined the efficacy of selective inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) in glioblastoma by TP5. We analyzed its impact in vitro on CDK5 expression and activity, cell survival, apoptosis and cell cycle. DNA damage was analyzed using the expression of γH2A.X and phosphorylated ATM. Its tolerance and efficacy were assessed on in vivo xenograft mouse models. We showed that TP5 decreased the activity but not the expression of CDK5 and p35. TP5 alone impaired cell viability and colony formation of glioblastoma cell lines and induced apoptosis. TP5 increased DNA damage by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ATM, leading to G1 arrest. Whereas CDK5 activity is increased by DNA-damaging agents such as temozolomide and irradiation, TP5 was synergistic with either temozolomide or irradiation due to an accumulation of DNA damage. Concomitant use of TP5 and either temozolomide or irradiation reduced the phosphorylation of ATM, increased DNA damage, and inhibited the G2/M arrest induced by temozolomide or irradiation. TP5 alone suppressed the tumor growth of orthotopic glioblastoma mouse model. The treatment was well tolerated. Finally, alone or in association with irradiation or temozolomide, TP5 prolonged mouse survival. TP5 alone or in association with temozolomide and radiotherapy is a promising therapeutic option for glioblastoma.
Published: 2020
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6. Synthetic Aspects and Electro-Optical Properties of Fluorinated Arylenevinylenes for Luminescence and Photovoltaics

Author: Antonio Cardone, Carmela Martinelli, Vita Pinto, and Gianluca M. Farinola
Subjects: arylenevinylenes, fluorinated materials, Stille cross-coupling, organic semiconductors, conjugated materials., Technology, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Microscopy, QH201-278.5, Descriptive and experimental mechanics, QC120-168.85
Abstract: In this review, the main synthetic aspects and properties of fluorinated arylenevinylene compounds, both oligomers and polymers, are summarized and analyzed. Starting from vinyl organotin derivatives and aryl halides, the Stille cross-coupling reaction has been successfully applied as a versatile synthetic protocol to prepare a wide series of π-conjugated compounds, selectively fluorinated on the aromatic and/or vinylene units. The impact of fluoro-functionalization on properties, the solid state organization and intermolecular interactions of the synthesized compounds are discussed, also in comparison with the non-fluorinated counterparts. Luminescent and photovoltaic applications are also discussed, highlighting the role of fluorine on the performance of devices.
Published: 2013
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7. Fluorinated Poly(p-phenylenevinylene)s: Synthesis and Optical Properties of an Intriguing Class of Luminescent Polymers

Author: Gianluca M. Farinola, Antonio Cardone, Francesco Babudri, Carmela Martinelli, Francesco Naso, Giovanni Bruno, and Maria Losurdo
Subjects: poly(p-phenylenevinylene)s, conjugated polymers, organic semiconductors, fluorinated polymers, synthesis, Technology, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Microscopy, QH201-278.5, Descriptive and experimental mechanics, QC120-168.85
Abstract: This review is an overview of our previous work on the synthesis and properties of poly(p-phenylenevinylene)s (PPVs) selectively fluorinated in different positions of the conjugated backbone. Both the synthetic challenges and the effects of functionalization with fluorine atoms on the optical behavior are discussed, highlighting the peculiarities and the interest of this class of conjugated polymers. A general polymerization protocol for PPVs, that is based on the Pd-catalyzed Stille cross-coupling reaction of bis-stannylated vinylene monomers with aromatic bis-halides, has been successfully extended to the synthesis of selectively fluorinated poly(p-phenylenevinylene)s. The properties of a series of these PPVs differing in the number and positions of the fluorine atoms on the conjugated backbone have been studied, even in comparison with the non-fluorinated counterparts. The intriguing optical features of the resulting materials are discussed considering not only the role of the electronic and steric effects induced by the fluorine substituents, but also the impact of the fluorination on the solid state organization and intermolecular interactions.
Published: 2010
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8. Empagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Author: Herrington, William G, Staplin, Natalie, Wanner, Christoph, Green, Jennifer B, Hauske, Sibylle J, Emberson, Jonathan R, Preiss, David, Judge, Parminder, Mayne, Kaitlin J, Ng, Sarah Y A, Sammons, Emily, Zhu, Doreen, Hill, Michael, Stevens, Will, Wallendszus, Karl, Brenner, Susanne, Cheung, Alfred K, Liu, Zhi-Hong, Li, Jing, Hooi, Lai Seong, Liu, Wen, Kadowaki, Takashi, Nangaku, Masaomi, Levin, Adeera, Cherney, David, Maggioni, Aldo P, Pontremoli, Roberto, Deo, Rajat, Goto, Shinya, Rossello, Xavier, Tuttle, Katherine R, Steubl, Dominik, Petrini, Michaela, Massey, Dan, Eilbracht, Jens, Brueckmann, Martina, Landray, Martin J, Baigent, Colin, Haynes, Richard, The EMPA-KIDNEY Collaborative Group: Colin Baigent, Martin J Landray, Christoph Wanner, William G Herrington, Richard Haynes, Jennifer B Green, Sibylle J Hauske, Martina Brueckmann, Mark Hopley, Maximillian von-Eynatten, Jyothis George, Susanne Brenner, Alfred K Cheung, David Preiss, Zhi-Hong Liu, Jing Li, Laiseong Hooi, Wen Liu, Takashi Kadowaki, Masaomi Nangaku, Adeera Levin, David Cherney, Roberto Pontremoli, Aldo P Maggioni, Natalie Staplin, Jonathan Emberson, Stefan Hantel, Shinya Goto, Rajat Deo, Katherine R Tuttle, Michael Hill, Parminder Judge, Kaitlin J Mayne, Sarah Y A Ng, Xavier Rossello, Emily Sammons, Doreen Zhu, Peter Sandercock, Rudolf Bilous, Charles Herzog, Paul Whelton, Janet Wittes, Derrick Bennett, Patricia Achiri, Chrissie Ambrose, Cristina Badin, Jill Barton, Richard Brown, Andy Burke, Sebastian Butler, Rejive Dayanandan, Pia Donaldson, Robert Dykas, Lucy Fletcher, Kate Frederick, Hannah Kingston, Mo Gray, Emily Harding, Akiko Hashimoto, Lyn Howie, Susan Hurley, Ryonfa Lee, Nik Luker, Kevin Murphy, Mariko Nakahara, John Nolan, Michelle Nunn, Sorcha Mulligan, Akiko Omata, Sandra Pickworth, YanRu Qiao, Shraddha Shah, Karen Taylor, Alison Timadjer, Monique Willett, Liz Wincott, Qin Yan, Hui Yu, Louise Bowman, Fang Chen, Robert Clarke, Michelle Goonasekera, Waseem Karsan, Marion Mafham, Christina Reith, Mohammed Zayed, Ritva Ellison, Rowan Moys, Will Stevens, Kevin Verdel, Karl Wallendszus, Chris Bowler, Anna Brewer, Andy Measor, Guanguo Cui, Charles Daniels, Angela Field, Bob Goodenough, Ashley Lawson, Youcef Mostefai, Dheeptha Radhakrishnan, Samee Syed, Shuang Xia, Ruth Adewuyi-Dalton, Thomas Arnold, Anne-Marie Beneat, Anoushka Bhatt, Chloe Bird, Andrew Breach, Laura Brown, Mark Caple, Tatyana Chavagnon, Karen Chung, Sarah Clark, Luminita Condurache, Katarzyna Eichstadt, Marta Espino Obrero, Scarlett Forest, Helen French, Nick Goodwin, Andrew Gordon, Joanne Gordon, Cat Guest, Tina Harding, Michal Hozak, Matthew Lacey, David MacLean, Louise Messinger, Stewart Moffat, Martin Radley, Claire Shenton, Sarah Tipper, Jon Tyler, Lesley Weaving, James Wheeler, Elissa Williams, Tim Williams, Hamish Woodhouse, Angela Chamberlain, Jo Chambers, Joanne Davies, Denise Donaldson, Pati Faria-Shayler, Denise Fleming-Brown, Jennifer Ingell, Carol Knott, Anna Liew, Helen Lochhead, Juliette Meek, Isabel Rodriguez-Bachiller, Andrea Wilson, Patrick Zettergren, Rach AitSadi, Ian Barton, Alex Baxter, Yonghong Bu, Lukasz Danel, Sonja Grotjahn, Rijo Kurien, Michael Lay, Archie Maskill, Aleksandra Murawska, Rachel Raff, Allen Young, Rebecca Sardell, Vladimir Cejka, Marcela Fajardo-Moser, Christian Hartner, Doris Poehler, Janina Renner, Franziska Scheidemantel, Miya Bryant, Anita Hepditch, Cassandra Johnson, Erin Latore, Yolanda Miller, Lauren Price, Merilee Whalen, Ashleigh Wheeler, Jenny Ingell, Yu An, Yinghua Chen, Peiling Chen, Hao Dai, Hong Du, Fang Feng, Qing Guo, Libo Hou, Wuhanbilige Hundei, Binbin Jin, Yan Li, Jiamin Liu, Xia Song, Yanping Wang, Yanwu Yu, Ning Zhang, Lingshan Zhao, Hui Zhong, Cheng Beng Goh, Ye Mun Low, Soon Yi Sor, Farah Hanis Zulkipli, Sarojini Sivanandam, Natsuki Arai, Ai Fukasawa, Mizue Furukawa, Keisuke Habuki, Shoko Hayashi, Wakako Isari, Saki Kanegae, Maria Kawai, Reiki Kobayashi, Takako Kuramae, Chika Kuribayashi, Sawako Maeno, Satoshi Masumoto, Tomoko Morisaki, Minoru Oda, Kazue Sawada, Kenta Sugamori, Ayana Tatsuzawa, Aiko Tomita, Kazuyuki Yuasa, Hiroko Inazawa, Amanda Axler, Kerri Gallo, Ester Baldini, Barbara Bartolomei Mecatti, Francesca Bianchini, Martina Ceseri, Laura Cipressa, Gianna Fabbri, Andrea Lorimer, Donata Lucci, Sharang Ghavampour, Anja Knoppe, Hans Schmidt-Gurtler, Hubert Dumann, Sybille Merscher, Margret Patecki, Georg Rainer Schlieper, Anke Torp, Bianca Weber, Maja Zietz, Bernd Hohenstein, Urs Benck, Diliana Draganova, Thomas Weinreich, Lothar Wolf, Jasmine Gaidu, Hanna Reiner, Mandy Visnjic, Daniel Steffl, Marie Breitenfeldt, Annette Kraemer-Guth, Christine Braun, Simone Hagge, Michael Schomig, Stephan Matthias, Dominik Stoffler, Beate Schumacher, Thomas Sitter, Louise Fuessl, Julia Krappe, Jerome Loutan, Volker Vielhauer, Luciano Andriaccio, Magdalena Maurer, Bernhard Winkelmann, Martin Dursch, Linda Seifert, Linda Tenbusch, Julia Weinmann-Menke, Simone Boedecker, Wiebke Kaluza-Schilling, Daniel Kraus, Carina Krieger, Margit Schmude, Anne Schreiber, Ewelina Eckrich, Diethelm Tschope, Abdulwahab Arbi, Young Lee-Barkey, Bernd Stratmann, Natalie Prib, Sina Rolfsmeier, Irina Schneider, Lars Rump, Johannes Stegbauer, Christine Pötz, Mara Schemmelmann, Claudia Schmidt, Michael Koch, Sendogan Aker, Annika Küpper, Manuela Martin, Thiemo Pfab, Christian Albert, Michael Haase, Barbara Zander, Claudia Schneider-Danwitz, Wolfgang Seeger, Wolf-Adam Seeger, Britta Zemann, Christoph Stellbrink, Kristin Marx, Ekaterina Stellbrink, Britta Brettschneider, Stephanie Watson, Marion Iselt, Gerhard Klausmann, Inga-Nadine Kummer, Auguste Kutschat, Simone Streitenberger, Matthias Girndt, Silke Markau, Ina Girakossyan, Claudia Hanf, Joachim Beige, Ralph Wendt, Ulrike Schmidt, Andreas Schneider, Roland Veelken, Claudia Donhauser, Luis Becker, Nexhat Miftari, Ricarda Wolfling, Sarah Morlok, Christian Hugo, Alexander Paliege, Jens Passauer, Julian Stumpf, Annegret Fleischer, Kerstin Haaser, Bernhard Kraemer, Jan Jochims, Bernd Kruger, Claudia Foellinger, Anastassiya Reisler, Frank Strutz, Stefan Haack, Ursula Hohenstatt, Martin Busch, Konstantin Herfurth, Gunter Wolf, Rainer Paul, Hermann Haller, Jessica Kaufeld, Jan Menne, Elisabeth Bahlmann-Kroll, Angela Bergner, Horst Weihprecht, Aydin Er, Florian Sonntag, Elif Turan, Michael Wittmann, Franziska Klauser, Eva Voigt, Volker Schettler, Egbert Schulz, Madlen Rohnstock, Elke Schettler, Bernd Schroppel, Rene van Erp, Martin Kachele, Ulla Ludwig, Lena Schulte-Kemna, Waltraud Kmietschak, Elke Preiss, Martina Ruocco, Gunnar Heine, Martin Brzoska, Sebastian Gabel, Christina Büttner, Asma Sabarai, Bernhard Banas, Tobias Bergler, Yvonne Ehrl, Franz Putz, Antonia Schuster, Stefanie Kuhn, Torsten Schramm, Stefan Degenhardt, Gerhard Schmidt, Lea Weiland, Ulrike Giebeln-Hudnell, Jan Kielstein, Gabriele Eden, Brigitte Fuchs, Gina Morig, Manuela Winkler, Harald Darius, Charalampos Kriatselis, Carl-Philipp Roesch, Astrid Maselli, Dominik Alscher, Markus Ketteler, Moritz Schanz, Severin Schricker, Bianka Rettenmaier, Andrea Schwab, Pablo Pergola, Irene Leal, Melissa Cagle, Anna Romo, Anthony Torres, Sucharit Joshi, Kulli Barrett, Alexis Africano, Vicki Dodds, Dorleena Gowen, Ashlee Morris, Juan Fernandez, Guillermo Jimenez, Ricardo Viera, Kendaling Bruce, Ryan Barrios, Maylin Garcia, Kerelyn Garcia, Iradis Leal, David Tietjen, David Bains, Carlo Castillo, Genielle Brewer, Justin Davis, Natalie Freking, Brittany Golson, Sally Ham, Jesslyn Roesch, Pusadee Suchinda, Shameem Beigh, Usah Lilavivat, Joyce Bilton, Kim Bocchicchia, Jeffrey Turner, Neera Dahl, Aldo Peixoto, Yasemin Kavak, Lauren Liberti, Hari Nair, Nicolas Page, Stephanie Rosenberg, Kathryn Simmons, Tamara Isakova, Rebecca Frazier, Rupal Mehta, Anand Srivastava, Patrick Fox, Jonathan Hecktman, Alexander Hodakowski, Carlos Martinez, Rachel Phillips, Alexis Stevenson, Reem Mustafa, Kyle Jansson, Cassandra Kimber, Jason Stubbs, Ahmad Tuffaha, Sri Yarlagadda, Debbie Griffin, Elisabeth Laundy, Zhuo Tang, Radica Alicic, Ann Cooper, Lisa Davis, Ashwini Gore, Rebecca Goldfaden, Leslie Harvill, Lisa Hichkad, Barry Johns, Thomas Jones, Kayla Merritt, Jennifer Sheldon, Jennifer Stanfield, Lindsay Alexander, Kaitlyn Preston, Lindsey Wood, Rajesh Pradhan, Roger DeRaad, Kelli McIntosh, Louis Raymond, Michael Shepperd, Susan McLaughlin, Mary Seifert, Andrew Shepherd, Joseph Aiello, William Durham, Laurie Loudermilk, John Manley, Sabrina Burnette, Stephanie Evans, Tara Johnson, Lance Sloan, Judy Ann Acosta, Stacy Gillham, Katia Sloan, SueAnn Squyres, Michael Rocco, Amret Hawfield, Ben Bagwell, Lauren Richmond, Joseph Soufer, Subha Clarke, Amanda Aliu, Kristine Calabrese, Amanda Davis, Veronica Poma, Tracy Spinola, James Magee, Ricardo Silva, Rushab Choksi, Lorraine Dajani, John Evans, Anil George, Prasanth Krish, Gerard Martins, Mae Sheikh-Ali, David Sutton, Freda Driver, Abraham Hanburry, Laura Hume, Amber Hurst, Matthew Taddeo, Marla Turner, Veronica Yousif, Srinivasan Beddhu, Laith Al-Rabadi, Nikita Abraham, Amalia Caamano, Judy Carle, Victoria Gonce, Kaitlyn Staylor, Na Zhou, Shweta Bansal, Manoj Bhattarai, Kumar Sharma, Subrata Debnath, Aliseiya Garza, Chakradhar Velagapudi, Sergio Rovner, Javier Almeida, Pablo Casares, Verlaine Stewart-Ray, Rene Almaraz, Renata Dayrell, Ana Moncada, Ricardo Pulido, Roxana Rodriquez, Wasim Deeb, Kathryn DeGoursey, Rodel Gloria, Trevor Greene, Robert Miller, Edward Pereira, Miguel Roura, Debbie Domingo, Sasha Dorestin, William Hodge, Cathy Jackson, Deborah Lund, Katrina Taylor, Kenneth Boren, Brittany Cleveland, Sandra Gaiser, Mandeep Sahani, Logan Aldrich, Exodus Edmerson, Edmond Limon, Cole Valletta, Patricia Vasquez, Christopher Provenzano, Navkiranjot Brar, Heather Henderson, Bellovich Keith, Qur Khai, Quresh Khairullah, Gail Makos, Joel Topf, Sherry Gasko, Rosemarie Henschel, Kaitlin Knapp, Teresa Kozlowski, Paula LaFleur, Ashwathy Varughese, Hui Xue, Patricia Wu, Olga Arechiga, Shan Darbeau, Michael Fechter, Stephanie Martinez, Lenita Hanson, Nyla Cooper, Arelis Madera, Jay Cadorna, Rita Sheridan, Helen Sparks, Bradley Eilerman, Susanne Bodine, Wael Eid, Rebecca Flora, Amber Avery, Cashmere Hardy, Mihaela Biscoveanu, Steven Nagelberg, Tracey Cummins, Frederic Rahbari-Oskoui, Anju Oommen, Zohreh Forghani, Stacie Hitchcock, Darya Hosein, Diane Watkins, Minesh Patel, Anthony Lambert, Elizabeth Newman, Autumn Wood, Tammy Ross, Stephany Topping, Jeffrey Mulhern, Lorna Murphy, Ann Vasseur, Gregory Greenwood, Alexander Hadley, Denise Laurienti, Christopher Marshall, Nicholas McLean, Scott Satko, Brandy Caudill, Jacob Maris, Janice Rogers, Cindy Vanhoy, George Thomas, Georges Nakhoul, John O'Toole, Jonathan Taliercio, Leslie Cooperman, Marina Markovic, Barbara Tucky, Devasmita Dev, Alia Hasan, Hima Yalamanchili, Namita Jain, Lesley McNeil, Eric Wines, Jean Park, Adline Ghazi, Mia Hamm, Tejas Patel, Amy Mottl, Emily Chang, Vimal Derebail, Emmie Cole, Anne Froment, Sara Kelley, Jordan Osmond Foster, Vahid Mahabadi, Golriz Jafari, Anita Kamarzarian, Wendy Arriaga, Daisy Arteaga, Rosario Machicado, Genesis Naverrete, Prashant Kumar, Imran Nazeer, Karina Urquia, Tammi Glider, Vickie Jones, Savannah Rucker, Jennifer Wiley, Rahul Pandey, Jesus Arroyo, Harish Pariani, Mohammad Ahmad, Shahin Mozaffari, Erika Perez, Matthew Budoff, Sion Roy, Divya Birudaraju, Ahmed Ghanem, Sajad Hamal, Stephen Aronoff, Elisa Joye Petr, Richard Sachson, Jaime Wiebel, Sana Akram, Laurie Jones, Curtis Knight, Maurie Tarlac, Shahbaz Ahmed, Harold Szerlip, Akinwande Akinfolarin, Ankit Mehta, Shana Camp, Cindy Castro, Zanaida Cooper, Jessica Terry, Ahmed Awad, Bhavya Kothapalli, Ryan Lustig, Serine Alfaress, Hyder Jasim, Mary Parrigon, Dennis Karounos, Sadiq Ahmed, Maggie Berry, Ruth Oremus, Carlos Hernandez-Cassis, Elias Ugwu, Nazia Junejo, Nancy Suazo, Mark Segal, Amir Kazory, Sherry Brown, Tristan Daniels, Sofia Dayi, Renee Hogan, Kathy McCray, Jennifer Stickley, Mahboob Rahman, Mirela Dobre, Lavinia Negrea, Aparna Padiyar, Nishigandha Pradhan, Arash Rashidi, Nagaraju Sarabu, Vicki Donley, Tricia Young, Godson Oguchi, Judepatricks Onyema, Kahla Damianik, Jack Dienes, Judith Plummer-Morgan, Marilyn Roman, Mauver Skipper, Stacey-Ann Villaruel, Krystle Williams, Danny Sugimoto, Jeffrey Dugas, Ismeal Ahmed, Jamie Bhairoo, Dolores Rijos, Huzaifa Salim, Madita Gavrila, Kathryn Lafferty, Ria Rabara, Sally Ruse, Maria Weetman, James Bushnell, Albert Power, Alison Jenkins, Stefanie Jones, Amanda Scott, Cath Byrne, Mark Jesky, Alison Cowley, Emma McHaffie, Holly Waterfall, Jo Taylor, Laura Bough, Thomas Phillips, Barbara Winter-Goodwin, Sui Phin Kon, Iain MacDougall, Eirini Lioudaki, Sapna Shah, Claire Sharpe, Francisco Aguilar, Abegail Hernandez Pena, Conception Pugay, Amelia Te, Hugh Finn, Wasim Hanif, Samiul Mostafa, Alice Aitken, Katharine Draxlbauer, Evelina Grobovaite, Jennifer Kearney, Theresa McCarthy, Giorgio Gentile, Duncan Browne, Palanichamy Chellamuthu, Tabinda Dugal, Terri Chant, Laura Jones, Emily Laity, Megan Miners, James Muir, Elizabeth Swanson, Andrew Frankel, James Tomlinson, Marlon Alegata, Rashid Almasarwah, Anthoula Apostolidi, Maria Vourvou, Thomas Walters, Maarten Taal, Hari Dukka, Nitin Kolhe, Carly McDonald, Kelly White, Shiva Ugni, Smita Gunda, Rotimi Oluyombo, Vicki Brindle, Ping Coutts, Tracy Fuller, Evelyn Nadar, Suresh Ramadoss, Nichola Motherwell, Susannah Pajak, Louise Tonks, Sunil Bhandari, Richard Bodington, Adil Hazara, Dominic Fellowes, Christopher Wong, Christopher Goldsmith, Sherald Barnes, Ann Bennett, Claire Burston, Samantha Hope, Nicola Hunt, Lini Kurian, Richard Fish, Daniela Farrugia, Judy Lee, Emma Sadler, Hannah Turner, Christopher Hill, Henry Brown, Agnes Masengu, Peter Maxwell, Nina Bleakley, Hugh Murtagh, William Petchey, Vivian Yiu, Joanne Kellett, Angharad Williams, Helen Clarke, Victoria Carnall, Sarah Benyon, Caroline Blake, Stephanie Estcourt, Jane Piper, Neal Morgan, Carolyn Hutchinson, Teresa McKinley, Alastair Woodman, Judi Graham, Niall Leonard, John Smyth, Vicki Adell, Samantha Hagan, Ben Caplin, Amin Oomatia, Eleanor Damian, Toluleyi Sobande, Tim Doulton, Michael Delaney, Mahmoud Montasser, Jenny Hansen, David Loader, Angela Moon, Frances Morris, Smeeta Sinha, Chukwuma Chukwu, Amy Hudson, Diane Campbell, Melanie Kershaw, Stephanie Whittaker, Ayesha Irtiza-Ali, Farid Ghalli, Heba Nosseir, Allison Leslie, Kate Trivedi, Donald Fraser, Mohammad Alhadj Ali, Sian Griffin, Farah Latif, Justyna Witczak, Alexa Wonnacott, Lynda Jeffers, Yvette Webley, Paul Phelan, Eve Miller-Hodges, Ailsa Geddes, Margaret Glenwright, Amy Hunter, Thomas Pickett, Jim Moriarty, Linda Hill, Amanda Tyler, Waqar Ayub, Gail Evans, Sue Hewins, Davina Hewitt, Kerry Read, Samira Bell, Leanne Cosgrove, Rachel Craik, Shona Murray, Nitin Bhandary, Holly Coles, Rashmi Easow, Maya Joseph, Arif Khwaja, Yvonne Jackson, Angeline Mbuyisa, Rachel Sellars, Nihil Chitalia, Cynthia Mohandas, Anca Gherman, Charlotte Kamundi, Olumide Olufuwa, Kieran McCafferty, Adedolapo Adeleke, Cara Healy, Damini Jeyarajah, Edward Kinsella-Perks, Richard Smith, Brian Camilleri, Carol Buckman, Jenny Finch, Vanessa Rivers, Andrew Connor, Sheila Carr, Lisa Shainberg, Andrew Lewington, Richard Baker, Suzannah Dorey, Kay Tobin, Rosalyn Wheatley, Debasish Banerjee, Richard Hull, Sharirose Abat, Riny Paul, Mahzuz Karim, Zay Htet, Saad Tufail, Ravi Varma, Karen Convery, Deirdre Fottrell-Gould, Lisa Hudig, Emily Tropman, Thahir Abdul-Samad, Anne Grace, Marie Phipps, Rebecca Suckling, Subash Somalanka, Bhrigu Sood, Pauline Swift, Sarah Acheampong, Kwame Ansu, Martia Augustin, Anna Sampson, Lynn Vinall, Kim Wren, Shamila Wanninayake, Nicholas Wooding, Heather Edwards, Lydia Owen, Stephanie Bolton, Marion Carson, Michael Matthews, Nigel Brunskill, Jorge Jesus-Silva, Alex Howson, Mary Quashie-Akponeware, Hilary Tindall, Chidambaram Nethaji, Helen Eldon, Rajan Patel, Patrick Mark, Alastair Rankin, Michael Sullivan, Kirsty 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Andrea, Pergola, Pablo, Leal, Irene, Cagle, Melissa, Romo, Anna, Torres, Anthony, Joshi, Sucharit, Barrett, Kulli, Africano, Alexi, Dodds, Vicki, Gowen, Dorleena, Morris, Ashlee, Fernandez, Juan, Jimenez, Guillermo, Viera, Ricardo, Bruce, Kendaling, Barrios, Ryan, Garcia, Maylin, Garcia, Kerelyn, Leal, Iradi, Tietjen, David, Bains, David, Castillo, Carlo, Brewer, Genielle, Davis, Justin, Freking, Natalie, Golson, Brittany, Ham, Sally, Roesch, Jesslyn, Suchinda, Pusadee, Beigh, Shameem, Lilavivat, Usah, Bilton, Joyce, Bocchicchia, Kim, Turner, Jeffrey, Dahl, Neera, Peixoto, Aldo, Kavak, Yasemin, Liberti, Lauren, Nair, Hari, Page, Nicola, Rosenberg, Stephanie, Simmons, Kathryn, Isakova, Tamara, Frazier, Rebecca, Mehta, Rupal, Srivastava, Anand, Fox, Patrick, Hecktman, Jonathan, Hodakowski, Alexander, Martinez, Carlo, Phillips, Rachel, Stevenson, Alexi, Mustafa, Reem, Jansson, Kyle, Kimber, Cassandra, Stubbs, Jason, Tuffaha, Ahmad, Yarlagadda, Sri, Griffin, Debbie, Laundy, Elisabeth, Tang, Zhuo, Alicic, Radica, Cooper, Ann, Davis, Lisa, Gore, Ashwini, Goldfaden, Rebecca, Harvill, Leslie, Hichkad, Lisa, Johns, Barry, Jones, Thoma, Merritt, Kayla, Sheldon, Jennifer, Stanfield, Jennifer, Alexander, Lindsay, Preston, Kaitlyn, Wood, Lindsey, Pradhan, Rajesh, Deraad, Roger, Mcintosh, Kelli, Raymond, Loui, Shepperd, Michael, Mclaughlin, Susan, Seifert, Mary, Shepherd, Andrew, Aiello, Joseph, Durham, William, Loudermilk, Laurie, Manley, John, Burnette, Sabrina, Evans, Stephanie, Johnson, Tara, Sloan, Lance, Ann Acosta, Judy, Gillham, Stacy, Sloan, Katia, Squyres, Sueann, Rocco, Michael, Hawfield, Amret, Bagwell, Ben, Richmond, Lauren, Soufer, Joseph, Clarke, Subha, Aliu, Amanda, Calabrese, Kristine, Davis, Amanda, Poma, Veronica, Spinola, Tracy, Magee, Jame, Silva, Ricardo, Choksi, Rushab, Dajani, Lorraine, Evans, John, George, Anil, Krish, Prasanth, Martins, Gerard, Sheikh-Ali, Mae, Sutton, David, Driver, Freda, Hanburry, Abraham, Hume, Laura, Hurst, Amber, Taddeo, Matthew, Turner, Marla, Yousif, Veronica, Beddhu, Srinivasan, Al-Rabadi, Laith, Abraham, Nikita, Caamano, Amalia, Carle, Judy, Gonce, Victoria, Staylor, Kaitlyn, Zhou, Na, Bansal, Shweta, Bhattarai, Manoj, Sharma, Kumar, Debnath, Subrata, Garza, Aliseiya, Velagapudi, Chakradhar, Rovner, Sergio, Almeida, Javier, Casares, Pablo, Stewart-Ray, Verlaine, Almaraz, Rene, Dayrell, Renata, Moncada, Ana, Pulido, Ricardo, Rodriquez, Roxana, Deeb, Wasim, Degoursey, Kathryn, Gloria, Rodel, Greene, Trevor, Miller, Robert, Pereira, Edward, Roura, Miguel, Domingo, Debbie, Dorestin, Sasha, Hodge, William, Jackson, Cathy, Lund, Deborah, Taylor, Katrina, Boren, Kenneth, Cleveland, Brittany, Gaiser, Sandra, Sahani, Mandeep, Aldrich, Logan, Edmerson, Exodu, Limon, Edmond, Valletta, Cole, Vasquez, Patricia, Provenzano, Christopher, Brar, Navkiranjot, Henderson, Heather, Keith, Bellovich, Khai, Qur, Khairullah, Quresh, Makos, Gail, Topf, Joel, Gasko, Sherry, Henschel, Rosemarie, Knapp, Kaitlin, Kozlowski, Teresa, Lafleur, Paula, Varughese, Ashwathy, Xue, Hui, Wu, Patricia, Arechiga, Olga, Darbeau, Shan, Fechter, Michael, Martinez, Stephanie, Hanson, Lenita, Cooper, Nyla, Madera, Areli, Cadorna, Jay, Sheridan, Rita, Sparks, Helen, Eilerman, Bradley, Bodine, Susanne, Eid, Wael, Flora, Rebecca, Avery, Amber, Hardy, Cashmere, Biscoveanu, Mihaela, Nagelberg, Steven, Cummins, Tracey, Rahbari-Oskoui, Frederic, Oommen, Anju, Forghani, Zohreh, Hitchcock, Stacie, Hosein, Darya, Watkins, Diane, Patel, Minesh, Lambert, Anthony, Newman, Elizabeth, Wood, Autumn, Ross, Tammy, Topping, Stephany, Mulhern, Jeffrey, Murphy, Lorna, Vasseur, Ann, Greenwood, Gregory, Hadley, Alexander, Laurienti, Denise, Marshall, Christopher, Mclean, Nichola, Satko, Scott, Caudill, Brandy, Maris, Jacob, Rogers, Janice, Vanhoy, Cindy, Thomas, George, Nakhoul, George, O'Toole, John, Taliercio, Jonathan, Cooperman, Leslie, Markovic, Marina, Tucky, Barbara, Dev, Devasmita, Hasan, Alia, Yalamanchili, Hima, Jain, Namita, Mcneil, Lesley, Wines, Eric, Park, Jean, Ghazi, Adline, Hamm, Mia, Patel, Teja, Mottl, Amy, Chang, Emily, Derebail, Vimal, Cole, Emmie, Froment, Anne, Kelley, Sara, Osmond Foster, Jordan, Mahabadi, Vahid, Jafari, Golriz, Kamarzarian, Anita, Arriaga, Wendy, Arteaga, Daisy, Machicado, Rosario, Naverrete, Genesi, Kumar, Prashant, Nazeer, Imran, Urquia, Karina, Glider, Tammi, Jones, Vickie, Rucker, Savannah, Wiley, Jennifer, Pandey, Rahul, Arroyo, Jesu, Pariani, Harish, Ahmad, Mohammad, Mozaffari, Shahin, Perez, Erika, Budoff, Matthew, Roy, Sion, Birudaraju, Divya, Ghanem, Ahmed, Hamal, Sajad, Aronoff, Stephen, Joye Petr, Elisa, Sachson, Richard, Wiebel, Jaime, Akram, Sana, Jones, Laurie, Knight, Curti, Tarlac, Maurie, Ahmed, Shahbaz, Szerlip, Harold, Akinfolarin, Akinwande, Mehta, Ankit, Camp, Shana, Castro, Cindy, Cooper, Zanaida, Terry, Jessica, Awad, Ahmed, Kothapalli, Bhavya, Lustig, Ryan, Alfaress, Serine, Jasim, Hyder, Parrigon, Mary, Karounos, Denni, Ahmed, Sadiq, Berry, Maggie, Oremus, Ruth, Hernandez-Cassis, Carlo, Ugwu, Elia, Junejo, Nazia, Suazo, Nancy, Segal, Mark, Kazory, Amir, Brown, Sherry, Daniels, Tristan, Dayi, Sofia, Hogan, Renee, Mccray, Kathy, Stickley, Jennifer, Rahman, Mahboob, Dobre, Mirela, Negrea, Lavinia, Padiyar, Aparna, Pradhan, Nishigandha, Rashidi, Arash, Sarabu, Nagaraju, Donley, Vicki, Young, Tricia, Oguchi, Godson, Onyema, Judepatrick, Damianik, Kahla, Dienes, Jack, Plummer-Morgan, Judith, Roman, Marilyn, Skipper, Mauver, Villaruel, Stacey-Ann, Williams, Krystle, Sugimoto, Danny, Dugas, Jeffrey, Ahmed, Ismeal, Bhairoo, Jamie, Rijos, Dolore, Salim, Huzaifa, Gavrila, Madita, Lafferty, Kathryn, Rabara, Ria, Ruse, Sally, Weetman, Maria, Bushnell, Jame, Power, Albert, Jenkins, Alison, Jones, Stefanie, Scott, Amanda, Byrne, Cath, Jesky, Mark, Cowley, Alison, Mchaffie, Emma, Waterfall, Holly, Taylor, Jo, Bough, Laura, Phillips, Thoma, Winter-Goodwin, Barbara, Phin Kon, Sui, Macdougall, Iain, Lioudaki, Eirini, Shah, Sapna, Sharpe, Claire, Aguilar, Francisco, Hernandez Pena, Abegail, Pugay, Conception, Te, Amelia, Finn, Hugh, Hanif, Wasim, Mostafa, Samiul, Aitken, Alice, Draxlbauer, Katharine, Grobovaite, Evelina, Kearney, Jennifer, Mccarthy, Theresa, Gentile, Giorgio, Browne, Duncan, Chellamuthu, Palanichamy, Dugal, Tabinda, Chant, Terri, Jones, Laura, Laity, Emily, Miners, Megan, Muir, Jame, Swanson, Elizabeth, Frankel, Andrew, Tomlinson, Jame, Alegata, Marlon, Almasarwah, Rashid, Apostolidi, Anthoula, Vourvou, Maria, Walters, Thoma, Taal, Maarten, Dukka, Hari, Kolhe, Nitin, Mcdonald, Carly, White, Kelly, Ugni, Shiva, Gunda, Smita, Oluyombo, Rotimi, Brindle, Vicki, Coutts, Ping, Fuller, Tracy, Nadar, Evelyn, Ramadoss, Suresh, Motherwell, Nichola, Pajak, Susannah, Tonks, Louise, Bhandari, Sunil, Bodington, Richard, Hazara, Adil, Fellowes, Dominic, Wong, Christopher, Goldsmith, Christopher, Barnes, Sherald, Bennett, Ann, Burston, Claire, Hope, Samantha, Hunt, Nicola, Kurian, Lini, Fish, Richard, Farrugia, Daniela, Lee, Judy, Sadler, Emma, Turner, Hannah, Hill, Christopher, Brown, Henry, Masengu, Agne, Maxwell, Peter, Bleakley, Nina, Murtagh, Hugh, Petchey, William, Yiu, Vivian, Kellett, Joanne, Williams, Angharad, Clarke, Helen, Carnall, Victoria, Benyon, Sarah, Blake, Caroline, Estcourt, Stephanie, Piper, Jane, Morgan, Neal, Hutchinson, Carolyn, Mckinley, Teresa, Woodman, Alastair, Graham, Judi, Leonard, Niall, Smyth, John, Adell, Vicki, Hagan, Samantha, Caplin, Ben, Oomatia, Amin, Damian, Eleanor, Sobande, Toluleyi, Doulton, Tim, Delaney, Michael, Montasser, Mahmoud, Hansen, Jenny, Loader, David, Moon, Angela, Morris, France, Sinha, Smeeta, Chukwu, Chukwuma, Hudson, Amy, Campbell, Diane, Kershaw, Melanie, Whittaker, Stephanie, Irtiza-Ali, Ayesha, Ghalli, Farid, Nosseir, Heba, Leslie, Allison, Trivedi, Kate, Fraser, Donald, Alhadj Ali, Mohammad, Griffin, Sian, Latif, Farah, Witczak, Justyna, Wonnacott, Alexa, Jeffers, Lynda, Webley, Yvette, Phelan, Paul, Miller-Hodges, Eve, Geddes, Ailsa, Glenwright, Margaret, Hunter, Amy, Pickett, Thoma, Moriarty, Jim, Hill, Linda, Tyler, Amanda, Ayub, Waqar, Evans, Gail, Hewins, Sue, Hewitt, Davina, Read, Kerry, Bell, Samira, Cosgrove, Leanne, Craik, Rachel, Murray, Shona, Bhandary, Nitin, Coles, Holly, Easow, Rashmi, Joseph, Maya, Khwaja, Arif, Jackson, Yvonne, Mbuyisa, Angeline, Sellars, Rachel, Chitalia, Nihil, Mohandas, Cynthia, Gherman, Anca, Kamundi, Charlotte, Olufuwa, Olumide, Mccafferty, Kieran, Adeleke, Adedolapo, Healy, Cara, Jeyarajah, Damini, Kinsella-Perks, Edward, Smith, Richard, Camilleri, Brian, Buckman, Carol, Finch, Jenny, Rivers, Vanessa, Connor, Andrew, Carr, Sheila, Shainberg, Lisa, Lewington, Andrew, Baker, Richard, Dorey, Suzannah, Tobin, Kay, Wheatley, Rosalyn, Banerjee, Debasish, Hull, Richard, Abat, Sharirose, Paul, Riny, Karim, Mahzuz, Htet, Zay, Tufail, Saad, Varma, Ravi, Convery, Karen, Fottrell-Gould, Deirdre, Hudig, Lisa, Tropman, Emily, Abdul-Samad, Thahir, Grace, Anne, Phipps, Marie, Suckling, Rebecca, Somalanka, Subash, Sood, Bhrigu, Swift, Pauline, Acheampong, Sarah, Ansu, Kwame, Augustin, Martia, Sampson, Anna, Vinall, Lynn, Wren, Kim, Wanninayake, Shamila, Wooding, Nichola, Edwards, Heather, Owen, Lydia, Bolton, Stephanie, Carson, Marion, Matthews, Michael, Brunskill, Nigel, Jesus-Silva, Jorge, Howson, Alex, Quashie-Akponeware, Mary, Tindall, Hilary, Nethaji, Chidambaram, Eldon, Helen, Patel, Rajan, Mark, Patrick, Rankin, Alastair, Sullivan, Michael, Forsyth, Kirsty, Mcdougall, Rowan, Dasgupta, Tanaji, Davies, Louisa, Ryder, Maggie, Grimmer, Philip, Macdonald, Clare, Webster, Mary, Newcastle, Newcastle, Ellam, Timothy, Wong, Edwin, Meshykhi, Christine, Webster, Andrea, Wilson, Peter, Vilar, Enric, Berdeprado, Jocelyn, Doctolero, Eunice, Wilkinson, Lily, Mccarroll, Frank, Ammar, Hesham, Kuan, Ying, Moran, Conor, Shivashankar, Girish, Campbell, Ryan, Glowski, Deborah, Mcdermott, Paula, Ali, Amar, Patel, Zuber, Bond, Christine, Whalley, Gillian, Zhang, Haitao, Yang, Liu, Zhang, Lihua, Kan, Tingting, Zhu, Ling, Zhao, Jinghong, Hou, Weiping, Wu, Jing, Cheng, Hong, Bian, Weijing, Zhao, Zhirui, Shao, Fengmin, Cao, Huixia, Jiao, Xiaojing, Niu, Peiyuan, Niu, Jianying, Chen, Yu, Zhang, Lihong, Zhu, Shenglang, Lin, Haiyan, Yao, Shaopeng, Chen, Jiehui, Jiang, Ying, Hu, Ying, Xiao, Huaying, Yang, Fuye, Zhang, Xinzhou, Guo, Baochun, Jin, Qiu, Liu, Lixia, Xiao, Xiangcheng, Xie, Yanyun, Meng, Ting, Xu, Chuanwen, Huang, Jie, Xu, Yanmei, Kong, Weixin, Wang, Xiaoliang, Liu, Qianpan, Wang, Xueying, Gao, Ming, Hu, Xiumei, Lu, Ying, Wang, Li, Peng, Kun, Wang, Wei, Gong, Qiuhong, Cai, Jianfang, Li, Xiaojue, Liu, Xuejiao, Zhou, Shuhan, Liu, Hong, Weng, Yao, Tang, Shuai, Yao, Yao, Zhao, Shi, Cheng, Chen, Wei, Wei, Li, Na, Aqashiah Mazlan, Sadanah, Zubaidah Bahtar, Alia, Katiman, Elliyyin, Othman, Noraini, Mushahar, Lily, Mazlan, Nurdiana, Sharafina Safiee, Nur, Ramasamy, Sarasa, Seng Wong, Hin, Ahmad Rosdi, Hajar, Zhao Zhi Tan, Esther, Fan Tay, Ju, Seng Teng, Kok, Yahaya, Hasnah, Jiun Liu, Wen, Wee Ee, Lik, Kay Leong Khoo, Kenneth, Mohd Yusoff, Yuana, Safhan Mohamad Nor, Fariz, Kamil Ahmad, Mohd, Ramli Seman, Mohd, Hui Hong Tan, Clare, Lui Sian Ngu, Laura, Yoke May Chan, Jaime, Peji, Javelin, Loong Loh, Chek, Yan Lee, Yee, Ramanaidu, Sridhar, Mean Thong, Kah, Hong Wong, Yik, Junus, Suria, Hua Ching, Chen, Faisal Asmee, Mohammad, Ruziana Ku Md Razi, Ku, Leong Low, Chun, Sze Bing Sim, Christopher, Duan Tham, Zhang, Kamila Abdullah, Noor, Meng Chen, Tai, Chieh Chan, Yong, Chang, Eason, Yean Kang, Huan, Quan Lee, Kai, Ann Lee, Sue, Kheng Lee, Aik, Vinathan, Jeevika, Abdul Cader, Rizna, Mustafar, Ruslinda, Kamaruzaman, Lydia, Mohd, Rozita, Ismail, Rahimah, Men Leong, Chong, Koon Low, Chee, Wei Wong, Liang, Adnan, Norlezah, Ibrahim, Sabariah, Zaimi Abdul Wahab, Mohamad, Bavanandan, Sunita, Shen Lim, Yik, Hazlina Wan Mohamad, Wan, Munirah Jaafar, Siti, Ashykeen Mohd Fauzi, Nur, Sudin, Aziee, Kun Lim, Soo, Chung Gan, Chye, Hing, Albert, Ahmad Faizal Alaidin Razali, Wan, Fong Liew, Yew, Bao Tyng Chan, Chelsia, Chih Cheng, Mei, Chen Ong, Yu, Meng Ong, Loke, Amalina Mohamed Affandi, Farah, Rahmat, Korina, Chai Peng, Ban, Amat, Masayu, Hadafi Ahmad, Nuzaimin, Yee Mah, Doo, Loon Tye, Yi, Azhari, Zaid, Nabilah Mohamad Zaini, Siti, Aidil Musa, Mohd, Ahmad Miswan, Norazinizah, Ramli, Rafizanur, Aziah Ahmad, Nor, Leong Goh, Bak, Izah Ahmad, Nurul, Huda Ibrahim, Fairol, Jian Ng, Tze, Shanmuganathan, Malini, Lian Tay, Li, Harun, Zaiha, Ramli, Salmi, 'Ain Yusof, Nurul, Abd Rahman, Rossenizal, Iqbal Abdul Hafidz, Muhammad, Hidayati Mohd Sharif, Nur, Yasmoon Awang, Irda, Nakashima, Eitaro, Imamine, Rui, Minatoguchi, Makiko, Miura, Yukari, Nakaoka, Miduki, Suzuki, Yoshiki, Yoshikawa, Hitomi, Shin, Koki, Fujita, Kanae, Iwasa, Misuzu, Sasajima, Haruka, Sato, Airi, Hamamoto, Yoshiyuki, Fujita, Yuki, Haraguchi, Takuya, Hyo, Takanori, Izumi, Kiyohiro, Komiya, Toshiyuki, Kubota, Sodai, Kurose, Takeshi, Kuwata, Hitoshi, Nakatani, Susumu, Oishi, Kaori, Okamoto, Saki, Okamura, Kaori, Takeoka, Jun, Tanaka, Nagaaki, Tanigaki, Katsuya, Toda, Naohiro, Watanabe, Koin, Komori, Hiromi, Kumuji, Rika, Takesada, Asako, Tanaka, Aya, Maruyama, Shoichi, Hasegawa, Tomonori, Ishiguro, Akiko, Ishimoto, Takuji, Ito, Kazuhiro, Kamimura, Yutaka, Kato, Noritoshi, Kato, Sawako, Kojima, Hiroshi, Kosugi, Tomoki, Maeda, Kayaho, Mizuno, Masasi, Saito, Shoji, Sato, Hitomi, Sato, Yuka, Suzuki, Yasuhiro, Tanaka, Akihito, Yasuda, Yoshinari, Hasegawa, Fujiko, Hayashi, Maiko, Higashi, Shizuka, Shimamura, Kaho, Sumi, Momoko, Tajima, Kazuki, Unekawa, Chimaki, Wakayama, Kana, Wakita, Yukiko, Otani, Takatoshi, Imai, Ayako, Kawashima, Sayaka, Kogure, Eri, Sato, Tomoe, Takezawa, Misato, Yoshida, Shinya, Araki, Hideo, Katsuda, Yuko, Konishi, Masahiro, Matsunaga, Takahiro, Oe, Masashi, Ogane, Kunihiro, Sakai, Masato, Takahashi, Tomoko, Yamano, Takahiro, Yokoyama, Takuya, Ito, Hitomi, Katayama, Masayo, Kuroda, Emi, Ikeda, Toru, Kojo, Takuma, Yoshidome, Etsuo, Mizumachi, Rieko, Yamamoto, Akane, Yamasaki, Narihisa, Yamasaki, Yoshihiko, Wada, Jun, Eguchi, Jun, Higuchi, Chigusa, Katayama, Akihiro, Kinomura, Masaru, Kitagawa, Masashi, Kitamura, Shinji, Miyamoto, Satoshi, Morinaga, Hiroshi, Nakatsuka, Atsuko, Nojima, Ichiro, Shikata, Kenichi, Sugiyama, Hitoshi, Tanabe, Katsuyuki, Tsuji, Kenji, Uchida, Haruhito, Watanabe, Mayu, Hashimoto, Chie, Kato, Takahiro, Yamamoto, Sayaka, Wada, Takehiko, Fukagawa, Masafumi, Hamano, Naoto, Koizumi, Masahiro, Komaba, Hirotaka, Nakagawa, Yosuke, Iwamoto, Michiyo, Masutani, Kosuke, Katanosaka, Akane, Kiyota, Mayu, Uchi, Hikari, Ueda, Yuka, Yamamoto, Sonoka, Nagasu, Hajime, Itano, Seiji, Iwakura, Tsukasa, Kadoya, Hiroyuki, Kanda, Eiichiro, Kashihara, Naoki, Kidokoro, Kengo, Kondo, Megumi, Sasaki, Tamaki, Satoh, Minoru, Tokuyama, Atsuyuki, Umeno, Reina, Wada, Yoshihisa, Yamamoto, Toshiya, Yamanouchi, Yu, Abe, Masumi, Inukai, Yoko, Ogawa, Wataru, Asahara, Shunichiro, Fujii, Hideki, Goto, Shunsuke, Hirota, Yushi, Hosooka, Tetsuya, Kono, Keiji, Nishi, Shinichi, Okada, Yuko, Sakaguchi, Kazuhiko, Sugawara, Kenji, Takahashi, Michiko, Takai, Tomoko, Tamori, Yoshikazu, Watanabe, Kentaro, Kitajima, Miyu, Nishi, Misaki, Wada, Junko, Ito, Yasuhiko, Kamiya, Hideki, Asai, Akimasa, Asai, Nao, Asano, Saeko, Banno, Shogo, Ejima, Yohei, Hase, Hanako, Hayami, Tomohide, Himeno, Tatsuhito, Ishikawa, Takahiro, Ito, Mayumi, Iwagaitsu, Shiho, Kasagi, Rina, Kato, Yoshiro, Kato, Makoto, Kato, Koichi, Katsuno, Takayuki, Kawai, Miyuka, Kinashi, Hiroshi, Kondo, Masaki, Koshino, Masako, Matsuoka, Naoya, Morishita, Yoshiaki, Motegi, Mikio, Nakamura, Jiro, Shimoda, Hiromi, Sugiyama, Hirokazu, Tsunekawa, Shin, Yamaguchi, Makoto, Takahashi, Kazuyo, Watada, Hirotaka, Funayama, Takashi, Furukawa, Yasuhiko, Gohda, Tomohito, Goto, Hiromasa, Kaga, Hideyoshi, Kanaguchi, Yasuhiko, Kanazawa, Akio, Kaneko, Kayo, Kano, Toshiki, Kihara, Masao, Kimura, Shogo, Kobayashi, Takashi, Maiguma, Masayuki, Makita, Yuko, Mano, Satoshi, Mita, Tomoya, Miyatsuka, Takeshi, Murakoshi, Maki, Muto, Masahiro, Nakata, Masami, Nakata, Junichiro, Nishida, Yuya, Nohara, Nao, Ogihara, Takeshi, Sato, Daisuke, Sato, Junko, Sato, Hiroaki, Suzuki, Yusuke, Suzuki, Ruka, Suzuki, Hitoshi, Takagi, Miyuki, Tamura, Yoshifumi, Uchida, Toyoyoshi, Ueda, Seiji, Asawa, Miki, Miyaji, Minako, Nagashima, Eri, Shibata, Yoshie, Yanagisawa, Eri, Yamauchi, Toshimasa, Hirakawa, Yosuke, Nishi, Hiroshi, Shojima, Nobuhiro, Horikawa, Satoko, Nakayama, Yukiko, Yamada, Naoko, Omori, Yuki, Yano, Shintaro, Ioka, Miyabi, Kuwabara, Nahoko, Nagano, Remi, Nozawa, Megumi, Osawa, Yumi, Maegawa, Hiroshi, Kume, Shinji, Araki, Shinichi, Miyazawa, Itsuko, Morino, Katsutaro, Kawai, Ikuko, Sobata, Masumi, Takaoka, Motoko, Iwaita, Yasushi, Udagawa, Takashi, Inamori, Ami, Kawase, Aya, Yamanaka, Aya, Shimano, Hitoshi, Fujita, Akiko, Iwasaki, Hitoshi, Kai, Hirayasu, Osaki, Yoshinori, Saito, Chie, Sekiya, Motohiro, Tsunoda, Ryoya, Yamagata, Kunihiro, Nakamura, Rikako, Yamada, Aiko, Ohsugi, Mitsuru, Awazawa, Motoharu, Bouchi, Ryotaro, Hashimoto, Shota, Hashimoto, Makiko, Hisatake, Tomoko, Ihana, Noriko, Ishizuka, Koko, Izumi, Kazuo, Kajio, Hiroshi, Kobayashi, Michi, Kodani, Noriko, Maruyama, Koji, Matsumoto, Michihiro, Matsushita, Maya, Nakamura, Tomoka, Sugiyama, Takehiro, Tanabe, Akiyo, Terakawa, Aiko, Ueki, Kojiro, Orimo, Yuko, Ozawa, Takako, Takahira, Eriko, Yamasaki, Yoshimitsu, Haneda, Masakazu, Tomita, Tadahiro, Akimoto, Saori, Fujimoto, Akihiro, Ishihara, Kenji, Murakami, Chiho, Nishiyama, Akiyo, Toyonaga, Yukiko, Uozumi, Kana, Yamaji, Yukihiro, Shigehara, Tetsuya, Okajyo, Jun, Shimizu, Yukihiro, Iwasaki, Shingo, Fukao, Yuki, Furusho, Megumi, Nunokawa, Shintaro, Katagiri, Hideki, Izumi, Tomohito, Kaneko, Keizo, Kodama, Shinjiro, Miyazaki, Mariko, Munakata, Yuichiro, Nagasawa, Tasuku, Oe, Yuji, Sugawara, Hiroto, Takahashi, Kei, Hirata, Kazushige, Inomata, Keiko, Otomo, Shoko, Uchida, Taeko, Yamashita, Chigusa, Kiyosue, Arihiro, Tamura, Ryota, Dube, Francoi, Bolduc, Marilene, Talbot, Marie-Christine, Cham, Leslie, Lai, Vesta, Tse, Josephine, Jolly, Shivinder, Duck, Tabbatha, Lyle, Scott, Epp, Rachel, Galloway, Camille, Haskett, Susan, Matvienko, Elizabeta, Paulsen, Liam, Moist, Louise, Lozon, Zabrina, Ramsey, Tina, Whitmore, Brittany, Al-Zeer, Bader, Macleod, Paula, O'Sullivan, Aoife, Sheriff, Zainab, Tholl, Sam, Pandey, Amritanshu, Armstrong, Samantha, Gebeyehu, Bethelihem, Toth, Patrick, Goldenberg, Ronald, Jahangiriesmaili, Mahsa, Sanguila, Shariff, Suresh, Neethi, Talsania, Tanvi, Zalunardo, Nadia, Agharazii, Mohsen, Roussel, Marie-Pier, Saillant, Annie, Samson, France, Bajaj, Harpreet, Bhavsar, Miken, Dhall, Parul, Dhillon, Gagandeep, Grewal, Bhupinder, Nimbkar, Taniya, Madore, Francoi, Marcotte, Guylaine, Steen, Oren, Bullen, Mathura, Raguwaran, Shayani, Valleteau, Andre, Langlois, Marie-France, Brown, Christine, Steele, Andrew, Garrity, Melissa, Ghate, Taneera, Robinson, Holly, Tolibas, Michael, Tailor, Chetna, Elliott, Lauren, McClary-Wright, Christine, Boreky, Fadia, Fikry, Sameh, Ali, Ayesha, Barot, Chintankumar, Basily, Wagdy, Saram, Thisun, Varad, Vinay, Khandwala, Hasnain, Aguilera, Alex, Alvarez, Patricia, Gill, Balwinder, Huda, Nazihah, Navivala, Aamir, Pinto, Daniel, Bevilacqua, Micheli, Fung, Elaine, Hernandez, Geraldine, Mann, Puneet, Saini, Jaskiran, Rabasa-Lhoret, Remi, Bovan, Danijela, Devaux, Marie, Barnini, Cecilia, Leoncini, Giovanna, Manco, Luca, Nobili, Giulia, Piemontese, Matteo, Aucella, Filippo, Grifa, Rachele, Totaro, Francesco, La Manna, Gaetano, Capelli, Irene, Cianciolo, Giuseppe, Lerario, Sarah, Zappulo, Fulvia, Rosati, Alberto, Fani, Filippo, Spatoliatore, Giuseppe, Gesualdo, Loreto, Pesce, Francesco, Russo, Maria, Zippo, Maria, Cafiero, Cesira, Motta, Daria, Bianco, Simona, Bilucaglia, Donatella, Messa, Piergiorgio, Pavone, Laura, Tripodi, Federica, Vettoretti, Simone, Fioretto, Paola, Carraro, Gianni, Farnia, Filippo, Postal, Anna, D'Amelio, Alessandro, Cardone, Antonio, Piccinni, Giovanni, Aloisi, Annalisa, Scolari, Francesco, Alberici, Federico, Guerini, Alice, Saccà, Chiara, Salviani, Chiara, Zani, Roberta, DE NICOLA, Luca, Garofalo, Carlo, Elena Liberti, Maria, Minutolo, Roberto, Pennino, Luigi, Polese, Lucio, Mené, Paolo, Barberi, Simona, Falcone, Clorinda, Russo, Francesco, Caroppo, Maurizio, Santorelli, Gennaro, Rivera, Rodolfo, Santoro, Domenico, Giuffrida, Alfio, Zirino, Fortunata, Calvi, Cristina, Estienne, Luca, Gambaro, Giovanni, Gangemi, Concetta, Ortalda, Vittorio, Pessolano, Giuseppina, Grandaliano, Giuseppe, Baccaro, Rocco, Ferraro, Pietro, Mangiacapra, Roberto, Melandri, Marco, Foligno, Nadia, Quartagno, Rita, Vezzoli, Giuseppe, Brioni, Elena, and Group, EMPA-KIDNEY Collaborative
Subjects: chronic renal disease, empagliflozin, empa-kidney, General Medicine
Abstract: Background The effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease who are at risk for disease progression are not well understood. The EMPA-KIDNEY trial was designed to assess the effects of treatment with empagliflozin in a broad range of such patients. Methods We enrolled patients with chronic kidney disease who had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of at least 20 but less than 45 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area, or who had an eGFR of at least 45 but less than 90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (with albumin measured in milligrams and creatinine measured in grams) of at least 200. Patients were randomly assigned to receive empagliflozin (10 mg once daily) or matching placebo. The primary outcome was a composite of progression of kidney disease (defined as end-stage kidney disease, a sustained decrease in eGFR to Results A total of 6609 patients underwent randomization. During a median of 2.0 years of follow-up, progression of kidney disease or death from cardiovascular causes occurred in 432 of 3304 patients (13.1%) in the empagliflozin group and in 558 of 3305 patients (16.9%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64 to 0.82; PConclusions Among a wide range of patients with chronic kidney disease who were at risk for disease progression, empagliflozin therapy led to a lower risk of progression of kidney disease or death from cardiovascular causes than placebo. (Funded by Boehringer Ingelheim and others; EMPA-KIDNEY ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03594110. opens in new tab; EudraCT number, 2017-002971-24. opens in new tab.)
Published: 2023

9. Computational Study of the Allosteric Effects of p5 on CDK5-p25 Hyperactivity as Alternative Inhibitory Mechanisms in Neurodegeneration

Author: Tejaswi Tammareddy, Walid Keyrouz, Ram D. Sriram, Harish C. Pant, Antonio Cardone, and Jeffery B. Klauda
Subjects: Alzheimer Disease, Blood-Brain Barrier, Materials Chemistry, Humans, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5, tau Proteins, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Phosphorylation, Peptides, Surfaces, Coatings and Films
Abstract: The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK5) forms a stable complex with its activator p25, leading to the hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins and to the formation of plaques and tangles that are considered to be one of the typical causes of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hence, the pathological CDK5-p25 complex is a promising therapeutic target for AD. Small peptides, obtained from the truncation of CDK5 physiological activator p35, have shown promise in inhibiting the pathological complex effectively while also crossing the blood-brain barrier. One such small 24-residue peptide, p5, has shown selective inhibition toward the pathological complex in vivo. Our previous research focused on the characterization of a computationally predicted CDK5-p5 binding mode and of its pharmacophore, which was consistent with competitive inhibition. In continuation of our previous work, herein, we investigate four additional binding modes to explore other possible mechanisms of interaction between CDK5 and p5. The quantitative description of the pharmacophore is consistent with both competitive and allosteric p5-induced inhibition mechanisms of CDK5-p25 pathology. The gained insights can direct further in vivo/in vitro tests and help design small peptides, linear or cyclic, or peptidomimetic compounds as adjuvants of orthosteric inhibitors or as part of a cocktail of drugs with enhanced effectiveness and lower side effects.
Published: 2022

10. Rapid, quantitative therapeutic screening for Alzheimer's enzymes enabled by optimal signal transduction with transistors

Author: Curt A. Richter, Arvind Balijepalli, Son T. Le, Antonio Cardone, Michelle A. Morris, Nicholas B. Guros, Harish C. Pant, Brent A. Sperling, and Jeffery B. Klauda
Subjects: Silicon, Materials science, Transistors, Electronic, High-throughput screening, FOS: Physical sciences, Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), 02 engineering and technology, Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, Biochemistry, Article, Analytical Chemistry, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Alzheimer Disease, law, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Electrochemistry, Humans, Environmental Chemistry, Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM), Spectroscopy, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, business.industry, Bandwidth (signal processing), Transistor, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5, Electrochemical Techniques, Physics - Applied Physics, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Neuroprotective Agents, FOS: Biological sciences, Ph sensing, Optoelectronics, Peptides, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: We show that commercially sourced n-channel silicon field-effect transistors (nFETs) operating above their threshold voltage with closed loop feedback to maintain a constant channel current allow a pH readout resolution of (7.2±0.3)×10(−3) at a bandwidth of 10 Hz, or ≈3-fold better than the open loop operation commonly employed by integrated ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs). We leveraged the improved nFET performance to measure the change in solution pH arising from the activity of a pathological form of the kinase Cdk5, an enzyme implicated in Alzheimer’s disease, and showed quantitative agreement with previous measurements. The improved pH resolution was realized while the devices were operated in a remote sensing configuration with the pH sensing element off-chip and connected electrically to the FET gate terminal. We compared these results with those measured by using a custom-built dual-gate 2D field-effect transistor (dg2DFET) fabricated with 2D semi-conducting MoS(2) channels and a signal amplification of 8. Under identical solution conditions the nFET performance approached the dg2DFETs pH resolution of (3.9±0.7)×10(−3). Finally, using the nFETs, we demonstrated the effectiveness of a custom polypeptide, p5, as a therapeutic agent in restoring the function of Cdk5. We expect that the straight-forward modifications to commercially sourced nFETs demonstrated here will lower the barrier to widespread adoption of these remote-gate devices and enable sensitive bioanalytical measurements for high throughput screening in drug discovery and precision medicine applications.
Published: 2020

11. Deep-Learning-Assisted Volume Visualization

Author: Kedar Narayan, Sriram Subramaniam, Somay Jain, Amitabh Varshney, Hsueh-Chien Cheng, Eric Krokos, and Antonio Cardone
Subjects: business.industry, Computer science, Deep learning, Feature extraction, Volume (computing), computer.software_genre, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Article, Identification (information), Volume visualization, Signal Processing, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Artificial intelligence, Data mining, business, computer, Software
Abstract: Designing volume visualizations showing various structures of interest is critical to the exploratory analysis of volumetric data. The last few years have witnessed dramatic advances in the use of convolutional neural networks for identification of objects in large image collections. Whereas such machine learning methods have shown superior performance in a number of applications, their direct use in volume visualization has not yet been explored. In this paper, we present a deep-learning-assisted volume visualization to depict complex structures, which are otherwise challenging for conventional approaches. A significant challenge in designing volume visualizations based on the high-dimensional deep features lies in efficiently handling the immense amount of information that deep-learning methods provide. In this paper, we present a new technique that uses spectral methods to facilitate user interactions with high-dimensional features. We also present a new deep-learning-assisted technique for hierarchically exploring a volumetric dataset. We have validated our approach on two electron microscopy volumes and one magnetic resonance imaging dataset.
Published: 2019

12. In silico study on the selective inhibition of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathological complex cdk5-p25 by peptide p5 in presence of munc 18 (p67)

Author: Tejaswi Tammareddy, Antonio Cardone, Sergio A. Hassan, Harish C. Pant, Mary Brady, Walid Keyrouz, Ram Sriram, and Jeffery B. Klauda
Subjects: Biophysics
Published: 2022

13. TP5, a Peptide Inhibitor of Aberrant and Hyperactive CDK5/p25: A Novel Therapeutic Approach against Glioblastoma

Author: Qi Song, Harish C. Pant, Zhengping Zhuang, Emeline Tabouret, Jinkyu Jung, Antonio Cardone, Jing Cui, Mark R. Gilbert, Herui Wang, Deric M. Park, Romain Appay, Niranjana D. Amin, Institut de neurophysiopathologie (INP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), National Cancer Institute [Bethesda] (NCI-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique-Neuropathologique [AP-HM Hôpital La Timone], Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [Bethesda] (NINDS), University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, and University of Chicago
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, DNA damage, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], CDK5, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, chemotherapy, lcsh:RC254-282, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, In vivo, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], medicine, Viability assay, radiotherapy, Chemotherapy, Temozolomide, Kinase, Chemistry, glioblastoma, Cell cycle, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, targeted therapy, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, nervous system, Apoptosis, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, ATM, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Cancer research, medicine.drug
Abstract: We examined the efficacy of selective inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) in glioblastoma by TP5. We analyzed its impact in vitro on CDK5 expression and activity, cell survival, apoptosis and cell cycle. DNA damage was analyzed using the expression of &gamma, H2A.X and phosphorylated ATM. Its tolerance and efficacy were assessed on in vivo xenograft mouse models. We showed that TP5 decreased the activity but not the expression of CDK5 and p35. TP5 alone impaired cell viability and colony formation of glioblastoma cell lines and induced apoptosis. TP5 increased DNA damage by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ATM, leading to G1 arrest. Whereas CDK5 activity is increased by DNA-damaging agents such as temozolomide and irradiation, TP5 was synergistic with either temozolomide or irradiation due to an accumulation of DNA damage. Concomitant use of TP5 and either temozolomide or irradiation reduced the phosphorylation of ATM, increased DNA damage, and inhibited the G2/M arrest induced by temozolomide or irradiation. TP5 alone suppressed the tumor growth of orthotopic glioblastoma mouse model. The treatment was well tolerated. Finally, alone or in association with irradiation or temozolomide, TP5 prolonged mouse survival. TP5 alone or in association with temozolomide and radiotherapy is a promising therapeutic option for glioblastoma.
Published: 2020
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14. Arylamino-fluorene derivatives: Optically induced electron transfer investigation, redox-controlled modulation of absorption and fluorescence

Author: Amerigo Beneduci, Giuseppe Gigli, Antonio Cardone, Eduardo Fabiano, Gianluca Accorsi, Roberto Giannuzzi, Agostina Lina Capodilupo, Giuseppina Anna Corrente, Francesca Manni, Capodilupo, A. -L., Manni, F., Corrente, G. A., Accorsi, G., Fabiano, E., Cardone, A., Giannuzzi, R., Beneduci, A., and Gigli, G.
Subjects: Materials science, General Chemical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Fluorene, 010402 general chemistry, Photochemistry, 01 natural sciences, Redox, Fluorescence spectroscopy, chemistry.chemical_compound, Electron transfer, Electrofluorochromism, Mixed-valence, Triarylamines, Valence (chemistry), Process Chemistry and Technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Optically induced electron transfer, 0104 chemical sciences, Dication, chemistry, Electrochromism, NIR-Electrochromism, Cyclic voltammetry, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: A series of biarylaminofluorene-based systems with donor-π-donor (D-π-D) structure have been designed and synthesized in order to study the dependence on the π-conjugated bridge length of the intervalence charge-transfer transitions (IV-CT) and of the electronic coupling between the redox centers. To this purpose cyclic voltammetry, UV/Vis-NIR, fluorescence spectroscopy and computational investigations have been carried out to characterize the electronic structure of the compounds in the neutral as well as in the mono- and dication states. Additionally, a study of related D-π compounds has been performed to elucidate the effect of the interaction between two redox centers. Interestingly it was observed that the mono- and dication species exhibit intense transition bands in the NIR region, in the 10000-15000 cm−1 range, whose intensity depends on the oxidation state and thus it can be reversibly tuned by an applied potential. In a similar way, all compounds show an oxidation state dependent fluorescence which leads to electrofluorochromism. Particularly significant is the mixed valence behavior that provides these systems singular optoelectronic properties, making them excellent active components for electrochromic and electrofluorochromic applications.
Published: 2020

15. Effects of donor position on dibenzofulvene-based organic dyes for photovoltaics

Author: Luisa De Marco, Giuseppina Anna Corrente, Giuseppe Ciccarella, Gianluca Accorsi, Giuseppe Gigli, Antonio Cardone, Agostina Lina Capodilupo, Eduardo Fabiano, and Roberto Giannuzzi
Subjects: tuning of photophysical properties, Materials science, business.industry, Dibenzofulvenes, Organic dyes, 02 engineering and technology, Electronic structure, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Electrochemistry, Photochemistry, 01 natural sciences, Acceptor, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Photovoltaics, Molecule, cell efficiency, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: A series of push-pull organic dyes based on the cyanoacrylic acid as the acceptor/anchoring group, a dibenzofulvene (DBF) connected with thienyl rings as the ?-bridge, and donor units linked to different positions of the DBF molecule were synthetized and studied. The effects of the donor position on optical and photovoltaic properties were investigated through photophysics, electrochemical and photovoltaic measurements. The results uphold photovoltaic performances largely depend on the electronic structure of the dyes with a synergistic interaction between donor and acceptor groups. In detail, a fine tuning of the photophysical properties can be reached simply selecting the position of the donor unit on the DBF molecule. In particular, the dyes bearing the donor unit on the 3,6-positions of the DBF show better performances in term of light absorption and cell efficiency with respect to the dyes with the donor unit on the 2,7-positions.
Published: 2017

16. Quantum Capacitance-Limited MoS(2) Biosensors Enable Remote Label-Free Enzyme Measurements

Author: Siyuan Zhang, Curt A. Richter, Robert C. Bruce, Harish C. Pant, Son T. Le, Arvind Balijepalli, Nicholas B. Guros, Antonio Cardone, Jeffery B. Klauda, and Niranjana D. Amin
Subjects: Materials science, Transistors, Electronic, Gate dielectric, FOS: Physical sciences, Ionic Liquids, 02 engineering and technology, Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), Biosensing Techniques, Signal-To-Noise Ratio, 010402 general chemistry, Electric Capacitance, 01 natural sciences, Noise (electronics), Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, Article, law.invention, Quantum capacitance, symbols.namesake, law, Alzheimer Disease, Limit of Detection, Humans, General Materials Science, Nernst equation, Disulfides, Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM), Detection limit, Molybdenum, business.industry, Transistor, Temperature, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5, Physics - Applied Physics, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Kinetics, FOS: Biological sciences, symbols, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Sensitivity (electronics), Biosensor
Abstract: We have demonstrated atomically thin, quantum capacitance-limited, field-effect transistors (FETs) that enable the detection of pH changes with 75-fold higher sensitivity (≈4.4 V/pH) over the Nernst value of 59 mV/pH at room temperature when used as a biosensor. The transistors, which are fabricated from monolayer films of MoS(2), use a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) in place of a conventional oxide gate dielectric and exhibit very low intrinsic noise resulting in a pH resolution of 92×10(−6) at 10 Hz. This high device performance, which is a function of the structure of our device, is achieved by remotely connecting the gate to a pH sensing element allowing the FETs to be reused. Because pH measurements are fundamentally important in biotechnology, the increased resolution demonstrated here will benefit numerous applications ranging from pharmaceutical manufacturing to clinical diagnostics. As an example, we experimentally quantified the function of the kinase Cdk5, an enzyme implicated in Alzheimer’s disease, at concentrations that are 5-fold lower than physiological values, and with sufficient time-resolution to allow the estimation of both steady-state and kinetic parameters in a single experiment. The high sensitivity, increased resolution, and fast turnaround time of the measurements will allow the development of early diagnostic tools and novel therapeutics to detect and treat neurological conditions years before currently possible.
Published: 2019

17. Synthesis and photovoltaic performance of dibenzofulvene-based organic sensitizers for DSSC

Author: Antonio Cardone, Giuseppe Ciccarella, L. De Marco, Agostina Lina Capodilupo, Roberto Giannuzzi, Giuseppina Anna Corrente, Eduardo Fabiano, Giuseppe Gigli, Capodilupo, A. L., Giannuzzi, Riccardo, Corrente, GIUSEPPINA ANNA, DE MARCO, Luisa, Fabiano, Eduardo, Cardone, A., Gigli, Giuseppe, and Ciccarella, Giuseppe
Subjects: Dye-sensitized solar cells Organic dyes Dibenzofulvene Donoreacceptor system Solar energy, Organic dyes, 02 engineering and technology, Dye-sensitized solar cells, 010402 general chemistry, Electrochemistry, Photochemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Solar energy, Drug Discovery, Thiophene, Moiety, Donor-acceptor system, Dibenzofulvene, Organic Chemistry, Diphenylamine, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Acceptor, 0104 chemical sciences, Dye-sensitized solar cell, chemistry, Alkoxy group, Density functional theory, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Three novel 2D-π-A metal-free organic dyes TK 7 – 9 containing a dibenzofulvene ( DBF ) linked to two thiophene units as the π-bridge, diarylamines with and without alkoxy chains as donor groups and the cyanoacrylic acid moiety as the acceptor and anchoring group were synthesized. The new dyes TK were characterized by optical and electrochemical measurements and density functional theory calculations and were used as sensitizers in liquid dye-sensitized solar cells. The effects of alkoxy-functionalization of donor moiety and of hexyl chain insertion onto one thienyl ring of π-linker on dye properties and performances were investigated. The results discover the dye TK7 , bearing two simple diphenylamine groups without alkoxy chains, exhibits the best behavior in terms of light absorption and cell performance (PCE of 7.9% and photovoltaic parameters of J sc of 17.82 mA cm −2 , V oc of 670 mV and FF of 0.66). Lower power conversion efficiencies of 6.3% and 6.1% were found for TK8 and TK9 , respectively, as a consequence of the presence of the alkoxy chains.
Published: 2016

18. Investigation of Allosteric Inhibition Mechanisms by the Peptide p5 on the Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Pathological Complex cdk5-p25 through Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Author: Jeffery B. Klauda, Tejaswi Tammareddy, Walid Keyrouz, Sergio A. Hassan, Antonio Cardone, Harish C. Pant, Ram D. Sriram, and Mary Brady
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Molecular dynamics, Chemistry, Allosteric regulation, Biophysics, Cdk5 p25, Peptide, Disease, Pathological, Neuroscience
Published: 2020

19. Design and synthesis of fluorenone-based dyes: two-photon excited fluorescent probes for imaging of lysosomes and mitochondria in living cells

Author: Milena De Giorgi, Vincenzo Maiorano, Eduardo Fabiano, Antonio Maggiore, Francesca Baldassarre, Agostina Lina Capodilupo, Daniele Sanvitto, Giuseppe Gigli, Viviana Vergaro, Giuseppe Ciccarella, Antonio Cardone, Vergaro, Viviana, Baldassarre, Francesca, Maggiore, Antonio, Gigli, Giuseppe, and Ciccarella, Giuseppe
Subjects: SOLAR-CELLS, Biocompatibility, DERIVATIVES, Chemistry, Biomedical Engineering, Diphenylamine, TARGETING MITOCHONDRIA, Quantum yield, MICROSCOPY, General Chemistry, General Medicine, Photochemistry, Fluorescence, CROSS-SECTIONS, EXCITATION, ACID, symbols.namesake, chemistry.chemical_compound, Two-photon excitation microscopy, Fluorenone, Stokes shift, symbols, General Materials Science, Cytotoxicity
Abstract: Three fluorenone-derived two-photon fluorescent probes (TK) targeting the lysosomes (TK-Lyso) and mitochondria (TK-Mito1 and TK-Mito2) were synthesized by introducing different diphenylamine moieties into the fluorenone core. The TK dyes showed high biocompatibility and long-term retention, low cytotoxicity, large Stokes shift and good fluorescence quantum yield. The results of the present work disclose a class of organic dyes with potential wide applications as specific and efficient probes for lysosomes and mitochondria in the study of various biological processes.
Published: 2015

20. A water-soluble eumelanin polymer with typical polyelectrolyte behaviour by triethyleneglycol N-functionalization

Author: Valeria Criscuolo, Teresa Sibillano, Maurizio Mastropasqua Talamo, Alessandra Napolitano, Rosa Di Mundo, Marco d'Ischia, Marianna Ambrico, Antonio Cardone, Paola Manini, Paolo F. Ambrico, Stefania R. Cicco, Cinzia Giannini, Teresa Ligonzo, Gianluca M. Farinola, Cicco, Stefania R., Ambrico, Marianna, Ambrico, Paolo F., Talamo, Maurizio Mastropasqua, Cardone, Antonio, Ligonzo, Teresa, Di Mundo, Rosa, Giannini, Cinzia, Sibillano, Teresa, Farinola, Gianluca M., Manini, Paola, Napolitano, Alessandra, Criscuolo, Valeria, and D'Ischia, Marco
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, impedance spectroscopy, melanins, organic electronics, soft material, Materials science, polymer, General Chemistry, Polymer, Polyelectrolyte, melanin, Water soluble, chemistry, organic electronic, Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Surface modification, soft material, High-κ dielectric
Abstract: N-functionalization of 5,6-dihydroxyindole with a hydrophilic triethyleneglycol (TEG) chain provides access to a new class of water-soluble eumelanin-like materials with relatively high dielectric constant and polyelectrolyte behaviour, reflecting enhanced charge transport by in-depth incorporation of hydration networks.
Published: 2015

21. Hydration-controlled anisotropic and giant permittivity in TEG-functionalized eumelanin

Author: G. Casamassima, Teresa Ligonzo, Marco d'Ischia, Paolo F. Ambrico, Antonio Cardone, Paola Manini, Maria Grazia Bridelli, Marianna Ambrico, Ambrico, M., Ambrico P., F., Ligonzo, T., Cardone, A., Bridelli M., G., Casamassima, G., Manini, Paola, and D'Ischia, Marco
Subjects: Permittivity, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Conductivity, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biomaterials, Adsorption, CONSTANT, Organic chemistry, Molecule, WATER, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Polarization (electrochemistry), Giant permittivity, chemistry.chemical_classification, Eumelanin, DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION, POLYMER, Microporous material, Comproportionation, Polymer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Anysotropic permittivity, chemistry, Chemical engineering, TEG-Functionalized, MELANINS, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Although it has long been known that the peculiar electronic-ionic conductor behavior of eumelanin is critically dependent on hydration, the detailed mechanisms by which water-polymer interactions control and affect the conduction properties have remained largely obscure. In this paper, we report a remarkable anisotropy and giant polarization effect in a synthetic eumelanin (TEGMe) chemically functionalized with hydrophilic TEG residues. FT-IR analyses of water sorption isotherms and AC measurements were consistent with a microporous structure binding or hosting mainly isolated water molecules. In contrast, similar experiments on a commercial synthetic eumelanin (AMe) used as a reference were suggestive of a bulk macroporous scaffold binding or hosting liquid water. These data disclosed for the first time the differential impact on eumelanin conductivity of vapor, liquid and ice-like forms of water adsorbed onto or embedded into the polymer layer. It is thus demonstrated, for the first time, that hydration controls the conduction properties of eumelanin in a more complex manner than is commonly believed, involving, besides the reported semiquinone comproportionation equilibria, the mode of interaction of water molecules as governed by both the chemical and morphological features of the polymer.
Published: 2017

22. Label-Free Enzyme Activity Measurements with Quantum-Limited Biosensors

Author: Antonio Cardone, Son T. Le, Jeffery B. Klauda, Niranjana D. Amin, Harish C. Pant, Curt A. Richter, Nicholas B. Guros, and Arvind Balijepalli
Subjects: biology, Chemistry, Biophysics, biology.protein, Biosensor, Quantum, Combinatorial chemistry, Enzyme assay, Label free
Published: 2019

23. Specific and Non-Specific Protein Association in Solution: Computation of Solvent Effects and Prediction of First-Encounter Modes for Efficient Configurational Bias Monte Carlo Simulations

Author: Antonio Cardone, Harish C. Pant, and Sergio A. Hassan
Subjects: Models, Molecular, Quantitative Biology::Biomolecules, Aqueous solution, Chemistry, Computation, Monte Carlo method, Proteins, Article, Force field (chemistry), Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Solutions, Quantitative Biology::Subcellular Processes, Molecular recognition, Solvents, Materials Chemistry, Dynamic Monte Carlo method, Thermodynamics, Statistical physics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Solvent effects, Monte Carlo Method, Algorithms, Protein Binding, Monte Carlo molecular modeling
Abstract: Weak and ultraweak protein-protein association play a role in molecular recognition and can drive spontaneous self-assembly and aggregation. Such interactions are difficult to detect experimentally, and are a challenge to the force field and sampling technique. A method is proposed to identify low-population protein-protein binding modes in aqueous solution. The method is designed to identify preferential first-encounter complexes from which the final complex(es) at equilibrium evolve. A continuum model is used to represent the effects of the solvent, which accounts for short- and long-range effects of water exclusion and for liquid-structure forces at protein/liquid interfaces. These effects control the behavior of proteins in close proximity and are optimized on the basis of binding enthalpy data and simulations. An algorithm is described to construct a biasing function for self-adaptive configurational-bias Monte Carlo of a set of interacting proteins. The function allows mixing large and local changes in the spatial distribution of proteins, thereby enhancing sampling of relevant microstates. The method is applied to three binary systems. Generalization to multiprotein complexes is discussed.
Published: 2013

24. Synthetic Aspects and Electro-Optical Properties of Fluorinated Arylenevinylenes for Luminescence and Photovoltaics

Author: Gianluca M. Farinola, Carmela Martinelli, Vita Pinto, and Antonio Cardone
Subjects: Materials science, conjugated materials, arylenevinylenes, chemistry.chemical_element, Review, lcsh:Technology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Stille cross-coupling, Photovoltaics, Organic chemistry, General Materials Science, organic semiconductors, lcsh:Microscopy, lcsh:QC120-168.85, chemistry.chemical_classification, lcsh:QH201-278.5, business.industry, lcsh:T, Aryl, Intermolecular force, Polymer, Stille reaction, Organic semiconductor, chemistry, lcsh:TA1-2040, fluorinated materials, Fluorine, lcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanics, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Luminescence, business, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), lcsh:TK1-9971
Abstract: In this review, the main synthetic aspects and properties of fluorinated arylenevinylene compounds, both oligomers and polymers, are summarized and analyzed. Starting from vinyl organotin derivatives and aryl halides, the Stille cross-coupling reaction has been successfully applied as a versatile synthetic protocol to prepare a wide series of π-conjugated compounds, selectively fluorinated on the aromatic and/or vinylene units. The impact of fluoro-functionalization on properties, the solid state organization and intermolecular interactions of the synthesized compounds are discussed, also in comparison with the non-fluorinated counterparts. Luminescent and photovoltaic applications are also discussed, highlighting the role of fluorine on the performance of devices.
Published: 2013

25. Engineering polydopamine films with tailored behaviour for next-generation eumelanin-related hybrid devices

Author: Marco d'Ischia, Paolo F. Ambrico, Stefania R. Cicco, Marianna Ambrico, Antonio Cardone, Maurizio Mastropasqua Talamo, Vincenzo Augelli, Gianluca M. Farinola, Nicola Fyodor Della Vecchia, Alessandra Napolitano, Teresa Ligonzo, Ambrico, M., Ambrico, P. F., Cardone, A., Della Vecchia, Nicola Fyodor, Ligonzo, T., Cicco, S. R., Mastropasqua Talamo, M., Napolitano, Alessandra, Augelli, V., Farinola, G. M., and D'Ischia, Marco
Subjects: BUILDUP, Spin coating, POLYMER, INTERFACES, OXIDATION, BUILDUP, SYSTEM, Materials science, Silicon, Intrinsic semiconductor, business.industry, Eumelanin-type biopolymers, chemistry.chemical_element, POLYMER, Nanotechnology, General Chemistry, Semiconductor device, engineering.material, OXIDATION, Semiconductor, chemistry, Materials Chemistry, engineering, Flat band, Biopolymer, business, INTERFACES, SYSTEM, Diode
Abstract: Eumelanin-type biopolymers have attracted growing interest in the quest for soft bioinspired functional materials for application in organoelectronics. Recently, a metal-insulator-semiconductor device with a good quality interface was produced by spin coating of a commercial synthetic eumelanin-like material on a dry plasma-modified silicon surface. As a proof-of-concept step toward the design and implementation of next-generation eumelanin-inspired devices, we report herein an expedient chemical strategy to bestow n-type performance to polydopamine, a highly popular eumelanin-related biopolymer with intrinsic semiconductor behaviour, and to tune its electrical properties. The strategy relies on aerial co-oxidation of dopamine with suitable aromatic amines, e.g. 3-aminotyrosine or p- phenylenediamine, leading to good quality black polymeric films. Capacitance-voltage experiments on poly(dopamine/3-aminotyrosine) and poly(dopamine/p-phenylenediamine)-based metal insulator semiconductor devices on p-Si indicated a significant increase in flat band voltage with respect to polydopamine and previous synthetic eumelanin-based diodes. Variations of the flat band voltage under vacuum were observed for each device. These results point to polydopamine as a versatile eumelanin-type water-dependent semiconductor platform amenable to fine tuning of its electronic properties through incorporation of p-conjugating aromatic amines to tailor functionality.
Published: 2013

26. Synthesis and characterization of a new series of dibenzofulvene based organic dyes for DSSCs

Author: Antonio Cardone, Agostina L. Capodilupo, Eduardo Fabiano, Giuseppe Gigli, Roberto Giannuzzi, Luisa De Marco, Giuseppe Ciccarella, Giuseppina Anna Corrente, Capodilupo, Agostina L., DE MARCO, Luisa, Corrente, GIUSEPPINA ANNA, Giannuzzi, Roberto, Fabiano, Eduardo, Cardone, Antonio, Gigli, Giuseppe, and Ciccarella, Giuseppe
Subjects: Materials science, Process Chemistry and Technology, General Chemical Engineering, Photovoltaic system, 02 engineering and technology, Electrolyte, Dibenzofulvene Dyes Dye-sensitized solar cells Energy conversion Diarylamine, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Ring (chemistry), Photochemistry, 01 natural sciences, Acceptor, 0104 chemical sciences, Dye-sensitized solar cell, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Yield (chemistry), Thiophene, Irradiation, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Three new 2D-pi-A dyes (TK4, TK5 and TK6), composed of diarylamine donor groups, a dibenzofulvenethiophene core as the pi-bridge, and a cyanoacrylic acid anchoring group as the acceptor, have been successfully designed, synthesized, and characterized both experimentally and computationally. The performance in DSSC solar cells has been also studied. Octyloxy chains were introduced on the backbone of the dye, in order to increase donor capability, avoid aggregation side effects and increase physical insulation between electrolyte system and the TiO2 layer. The dye containing the octyloxy chains on the donor group and two thiophene ring as an extension of pi-bridge showed the best photovoltaic performance with a maximum of solar energy-to-electricity conversion yield of 7.8% under AM 1.5 irradiation (100 mW/cm(2)). (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2016

27. [1]Benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene-Based Organic Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Author: Carmela Martinelli, Giuseppe Ciccarella, Giuseppe Gigli, Antonio Cardone, Eduardo Fabiano, Luisa De Marco, Agostina L. Capodilupo, Capodilupo, Agostina L, Fabiano, Eduardo, DE MARCO, Luisa, Ciccarella, Giuseppe, Gigli, Giuseppe, Martinelli, Carmela, and Cardone, Antonio
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Benzothiophene, 02 engineering and technology, Molar absorptivity, Chromophore, Electron acceptor, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Photochemistry, 01 natural sciences, FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS, HIGH-PERFORMANCE, PHOTOVOLTAIC PROPERTIES, CONVERSION-EFFICIENCY, DONOR, BENZOTHIADIAZOLE, DITHIENOSILOLE, LINKERS, CORE, UNIT, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Wavelength, Dye-sensitized solar cell, Extinction (optical mineralogy), Absorption (chemistry), 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Three new metal-free organic dyes with the [1]benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene (BTBT) π-bridge, having the structure donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) and labeled as 19, 20 and 21, have been designed and synthesized for application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). Once the design of the π-acceptor block was fixed, containing the BTBT as the π-bridge and the cyanoacrylic group as the electron acceptor and anchoring unit, we selected three donor units with different electron-donor capacity, in order to assemble new chromophores with high molar extinction coefficients (ε), whose absorption features well reflect the good performance of the final DSSC devices. Starting with the 19 dye, which shows a molar extinction coefficient ε of over 14,000 M(-1) cm(-1) and takes into account the absorption maximun at the longer wavelength, the substitution of the BFT donor unit with the BFA yields a great enhancement of absorptivity (molar extinction coefficient ε > 42,000 M(-1) cm(-1)), until reaching the higher value (ε > 69,000 M(-1) cm(-1)) with the BFPhz donor unit. The good general photovoltaic performances obtained with the three dyes highlight the suitable properties of electron-transport of the BTBT as the π-bridge in organic chromophore for DSSC, making this very cheap and easy to synthesize molecule particularly attractive for efficient and low-cost photovoltaic devices.
Published: 2016

28. Effective conjugation in conjugated polymers with strongly twisted backbones: A case study on fluorinated MEHPPV

Author: Manef Abderrabba, Begoña Milián-Medina, Aranzazu Aguirre, Junqing Shi, Antonio Cardone, Johannes Gierschner, Rim Milad, and Gianluca M. Farinola
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, fluorinated MEHPPV, Materials science, Quenching (fluorescence), twisted backbones, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Polymer, Conjugated system, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Photochemistry, 01 natural sciences, Fluorescence, 0104 chemical sciences, Chain length, Planar, chemistry, Excited state, Effective conjugation, Materials Chemistry, Emission spectrum, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Conjugated polymers with strongly twisted backbones, such as MEHPPV with fluorinated vinylene units (F-MEHPPV), demand a redefinition of the all-important ‘effective conjugation length’ ECL, which we extract here by a facile graphical method. In MEHPPV (being essentially planar), the ECL coincides with the ‘maximum conducive chain length’ MCC and extends over about n ≈ 9 repetition units (RU). In F-MEHPPV, the MCC is similarly long with n ≈ 8, but the ECL localizes on just one RU. The strong twist in F-MEHPPV persists in the excited state, broadening the emission spectrum and quenching the fluorescence with reduced radiative and enhanced non-radiative rates.
Published: 2016

29. Computational study of the inhibitory mechanism of the kinase CDK5 hyperactivity by peptide p5 and derivation of a pharmacophore

Author: Ram D. Sriram, Harish C. Pant, Sergio A. Hassan, Antonio Cardone, and Mary Brady
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Peptide, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Plasma protein binding, Biology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, Alzheimer Disease, Drug Discovery, Animals, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Binding site, Phosphorylation, Peptide sequence, chemistry.chemical_classification, Binding Sites, Kinase, Cyclin-dependent kinase 5, Brain, Peptide Fragments, 0104 chemical sciences, Computer Science Applications, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Biochemistry, nervous system, Blood-Brain Barrier, Biophysics, Pharmacophore, Peptides, Protein Binding
Abstract: The hyperactivity of the cyclic dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) induced by the activator protein p25 has been linked to a number of pathologies of the brain. The CDK5-p25 complex has thus emerged as a major therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative conditions. Experiments have shown that the peptide p5 reduces the CDK5-p25 activity without affecting the endogenous CDK5-p35 activity, whereas the peptide TFP5, obtained from p5, elicits similar inhibition, crosses the blood-brain barrier, and exhibits behavioral rescue of AD mice models with no toxic side effects. The molecular basis of the kinase inhibition is not currently known, and is here investigated by computer simulations. It is shown that p5 binds the kinase at the same CDK5/p25 and CDK5/p35 interfaces, and is thus a non-selective competitor of both activators, in agreement with available experimental data in vitro. Binding of p5 is enthalpically driven with an affinity estimated in the low µM range. A quantitative description of the binding site and pharmacophore is presented, and options are discussed to increase the binding affinity and selectivity in the design of drug-like compounds against AD.
Published: 2015

30. Structural and Dynamic Determinants of Ligand Binding and Regulation of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 by Pathological Activator p25 and Inhibitory Peptide CIP

Author: Antonio Cardone, Ram D. Sriram, Harish C. Pant, R.W. Albers, and S.A. Hassan
Subjects: Principal Component Analysis, biology, Protein Conformation, Chemistry, Kinase, Activator (genetics), Cyclin-dependent kinase 5, Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB), Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Plasma protein binding, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Crystallography, X-Ray, Ligands, Article, Cell biology, Protein structure, Structural Biology, Cyclin-dependent kinase, biology.protein, Humans, Molecular Biology, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins, Protein Binding, Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein
Abstract: The crystal structure of the cdk5/p25 complex has provided information on possible molecular mechanisms of the ligand binding, specificity, and regulation of the kinase. Comparative molecular dynamics simulations are reported here for physiological conditions. This study provides new insight on the mechanisms that modulate such processes, which may be exploited to control pathological activation by p25. The structural changes observed in the kinase are stabilized by a network of interactions involving highly conserved residues within the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) family. Collective motions of the proteins (cdk5, p25, and CIP) and their complexes are identified by principal component analysis, revealing two conformational states of the activation loop upon p25 complexation, which are absent in the uncomplexed kinase and not apparent from the crystal. Simulations of the uncomplexed inhibitor CIP show structural rearrangements and increased flexibility of the interfacial loop containing the critical residue E240, which becomes fully hydrated and available for interactions with one of several positively charged residues in the kinase. These changes provide a rationale for the observed high affinity and enhanced inhibitory action of CIP when compared to either p25 or the physiological activators of cdk5.
Published: 2010

31. Fluorinated Poly(p-phenylenevinylene)s: Synthesis and Optical Properties of an Intriguing Class of Luminescent Polymers

Author: Carmela Martinelli, Francesco Babudri, Maria Losurdo, Giovanni Bruno, Francesco Naso, Antonio Cardone, and Gianluca M. Farinola
Subjects: Steric effects, Materials science, synthesis, chemistry.chemical_element, Review, Conjugated system, fluorinated polymers, lcsh:Technology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Polymer chemistry, conjugated polymers, General Materials Science, organic semiconductors, lcsh:Microscopy, lcsh:QC120-168.85, chemistry.chemical_classification, lcsh:QH201-278.5, lcsh:T, Intermolecular force, Polymer, poly(p-phenylenevinylene)s, Stille reaction, Monomer, chemistry, Polymerization, lcsh:TA1-2040, Fluorine, lcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanics, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), lcsh:TK1-9971
Abstract: This review is an overview of our previous work on the synthesis and properties of poly( p -phenylenevinylene)s (PPVs) selectively fluorinated in different positions of the conjugated backbone. Both the synthetic challenges and the effects of functionalization with fluorine atoms on the optical behavior are discussed, highlighting the peculiarities and the interest of this class of conjugated polymers. A general polymerization protocol for PPVs, that is based on the Pd-catalyzed Stille cross-coupling reaction of bis-stannylated vinylene monomers with aromatic bis-halides, has been successfully extended to the synthesis of selectively fluorinated poly( p -phenylenevinylene)s. The properties of a series of these PPVs differing in the number and positions of the fluorine atoms on the conjugated backbone have been studied, even in comparison with the non-fluorinated counterparts. The intriguing optical features of the resulting materials are discussed considering not only the role of the electronic and steric effects induced by the fluorine substituents, but also the impact of the fluorination on the solid state organization and intermolecular interactions.
Published: 2010

32. Measurements of Enzyme Activity with Field-Effect Transistors

Author: Harish C. Pant, Son T. Le, Arvind Balijepalli, Jeffery B. Klauda, Antonio Cardone, Nicholas B. Guros, Brent A. Sperling, and Curt A. Richter
Subjects: Materials science, biology, business.industry, Biophysics, biology.protein, Optoelectronics, Field-effect transistor, business, Enzyme assay
Published: 2018

33. Synthesis and optical properties of a poly(2′,5′-dioctyloxy-4,4′,4″- terphenylenevinylene) with high content of (Z) vinylene units

Author: Gianluca M. Farinola, Raffaele Tommasi, Antonio Cardone, T. Cassano, Francesco Naso, and Francesco Babudri
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Double bond, Organic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Polymer, Biochemistry, Catalysis, Inorganic Chemistry, Crystallography, chemistry, Polymerization, Content (measure theory), Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Boron
Abstract: Poly(2′,5′-dioctyloxy-4,4′,4″-terphenylenevinylene) with ( E ) configuration of the vinylene double bonds was prepared by Suzuki–Miyaura polymerization of ( E )-4,4′-dibromostilbene and 2,5-dioctyloxy-1,4-benzenediboronic acid. Attempts to extend this simple procedure to the synthesis of the polymer with ( Z ) configuration, starting from ( Z )-4,4′-dibromostilbene, were unsuccessful. However, the use of ( Z )-4,4′-diiodostilbene and a careful choice of Pd catalyst and experimental conditions, lead to a material with a >95/ Z )/( E ) ratio of vinylene units. The investigation of optical properties of both the ( E ) and ( Z ) polymers evidenced that ( Z ) linkages act as defects which reduce the effective conjugation length in the polymer backbone.
Published: 2008

34. Synthesis of substituted conjugated polymers: Tuning properties by functionalization

Author: Antonio Cardone, Francesco Naso, Omar Hassan Omar, Francesco Babudri, and Gianluca M. Farinola
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, General Chemical Engineering, Biomolecule, Solid-state, General Chemistry, Polymer, Conjugated system, Coupling reaction, Organic semiconductor, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Polymer chemistry, Surface modification, Organic synthesis
Abstract: The review addresses features of special interest concerning two classes of functionalized semiconducting polymers: poly(aryleneethynylene)s (PAEs) bearing biomolecules as chiral nonracemic pendant groups and poly(phenylenevinylene)s (PPVs), which are fluorinated in various positions of the repeating units. Molecular design and choice of specific substituents, synthetic protocols, and the effect of functionalization on properties of the polymers both in solution and in the solid state are discussed.
Published: 2008

35. From commercial tyrosine polymers to a tailored polydopamine platform: Concepts, issues and challenges en route to melanin-based bioelectronics

Author: Paolo F. Ambrico, Teresa Ligonzo, Gianluca M. Farinola, Marco d'Ischia, Stefania R. Cicco, Antonio Cardone, Marianna Ambrico, Ambrico, Marianna, Ambrico, Paolo F., Ligonzo, Teresa, Cardone, Antonio, Cicco, Stefania R., D'Ischia, Marco, and Farinola, Gianluca M.
Subjects: Organic electronics, chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials Chemistry2506 Metals and Alloys, Bioelectronics, Materials science, Biocompatibility, Chemistry (all), Broad band, Nanotechnology, General Chemistry, Polymer, bioelectronics, Biocompatible material, chemistry, Melanin, Materials Chemistry, melanin-based, Electronic conductivity, polydopamine, tyrosine, polymers, Current decay
Abstract: Over the past decade synthetic melanins, melanin-like polymers and melanin-based copolymers have been the focus of growing attention as soft biocompatible functional materials for engineering high performance, low cost optoelectronic devices, such as memory devices, light emitting diodes and field effect transistors. The unique combination of physicochemical properties of melanins, such as broad band absorption in the UV-visible range, intrinsic free radical character, water-dependent hybrid ionic-electronic conductor behaviour and excellent biocompatibility, have inspired use of melanic polymers as valuable functional materials for organic bioelectronics. However, several gaps and issues still hinder rapid progress of melanin-based organic electronics and bioelectronics, including in particular the limited contribution of electronic conductivity and current decay with time under biasing. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the structural and optoelectronic properties of melanins and to bring to focus current gaps and challenges in the development of melanin-based materials for bioelectronics. Starting from commercial samples, the paper surveys different melanin-type materials with special emphasis on the potential of polydopamine (pDA), a highly adhesive mussel-inspired melanin-type platform, for incorporation in optoelectronic devices. Simple chemical tailoring procedures for engineering pDA-based n-type polymers and photoresponsive materials for photocapacitive sensors are eventually illustrated.
Published: 2015

36. Content-Based Search Techniques for Searching CAD Databases

Author: Satyandra K. Gupta, Abhijit S. Deshmukh, and Antonio Cardone
Subjects: Engineering, Engineering drawing, Cost estimate, business.industry, Computational Mechanics, Machine selection, Reuse, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Popularity, Cad system, Computational Mathematics, Cad databases, business, Software engineering
Abstract: The popularity of 3D CAD systems is resulting in large assembly and part databases being created by product development organizations. Over the last few years several content-based techniques have emerged to search these databases. Ability to perform content-based searches on CAD databases is expected to help the designers and manufacturing engineers in many different ways. Representative examples include part-family formation, redesign suggestion generation, supplier selection, cost estimation, tooling design, machine selection, stock selection, and design reuse. This paper covers the following three topics. First, it presents an overview of different types of part search techniques. Second, it presents an overview of the different aspects of assembly search techniques. Finally, it identifies the open challenges in these areas and outlines future research directions.
Published: 2006

37. Detection and characterization of nonspecific, sparsely populated binding modes in the early stages of complexation

Author: Ram D. Sriram, Sergio A. Hassan, Harish C. Pant, Antonio Cardone, Mary Brady, and Aaron Bornstein
Subjects: Models, Molecular, Quantitative Biology::Biomolecules, Chemistry, Protein Conformation, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5, General Chemistry, Ligands, Affinities, Article, Characterization (materials science), Quantitative Biology::Subcellular Processes, Computational Mathematics, Range (mathematics), Computational chemistry, Chemical physics, Metastability, Configuration space, Protein Interaction Maps, Solvent effects, Multiplicity (chemistry), Conformational isomerism, Algorithms, Protein Binding
Abstract: A method is proposed to study protein-ligand binding in a system governed by specific and non-specific interactions. Strong associations lead to narrow distributions in the proteins configuration space; weak and ultra-weak associations lead instead to broader distributions, a manifestation of non-specific, sparsely-populated binding modes with multiple interfaces. The method is based on the notion that a discrete set of preferential first-encounter modes are metastable states from which stable (pre-relaxation) complexes at equilibrium evolve. The method can be used to explore alternative pathways of complexation with statistical significance and can be integrated into a general algorithm to study protein interaction networks. The method is applied to a peptide-protein complex. The peptide adopts several low-population conformers and binds in a variety of modes with a broad range of affinities. The system is thus well suited to analyze general features of binding, including conformational selection, multiplicity of binding modes, and nonspecific interactions, and to illustrate how the method can be applied to study these problems systematically. The equilibrium distributions can be used to generate biasing functions for simulations of multiprotein systems from which bulk thermodynamic quantities can be calculated.
Published: 2014

38. Raman Spectra of Poly(p-phenylenevinylene)s with Fluorinated Vinylene Units: Evidence of Inter-ring Distortion

Author: Giuseppe Gigli, Martin Burger, Davide Comoretto, Fabio Della Sala, Carmella Martinelli, Franco Marabelli, Gianluca M. Farinola, Manuel Piacenza, Valentina Morandi, Antonio Cardone, Manuel, Piacenza, Davide, Comoretto, Martin, Burger, Valentina, Morandi, Franco, Marabelli, Carmella, Martinelli, Gianluca M., Farinola, Antonio, Cardone, Gigli, Giuseppe, and Fabio Della, Sala
Subjects: conjugated polymer, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, Ring (chemistry), 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, symbols.namesake, Phenylene, fluorine, Polymer chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Chemistry, Aromaticity, density functional calculation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Planarity testing, 0104 chemical sciences, Crystallography, organic electronic, Raman spectroscopy, Alkoxy group, symbols, Density functional theory, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Ring the changes: Experimental Raman spectra of fluorinated and non-fluorinated polyphenylenevinylenes are assigned according to quantum chemical calculations for oligomer model systems [picture: see text]. Characteristic differences in the spectra can be traced back to strong inter-ring distortion of the fluorinated compounds.The Raman spectrum of poly{2-methoxy-5-[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-phenylenedifluorovinylene} (MEH-PPDFV) is reported and compared with that of a well-known non-fluorinated reference polymer, namely poly{2-methoxy-5-[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-phenylenevinylene} (MEH-PPV). The Raman spectra of both polymers are assigned on the basis of density functional theory calculations of the corresponding oligomers. The main differences between vinylene fluorinated and non-fluorinated structures deal with the intensity, frequency shift and broadening of C--C vinylene stretching. Additional differences concern the relative intensities of C-C phenylene and vinylene stretching as well as the deformation modes in the range 1250-1350 cm(-1). It is shown that these effects are due to the larger distortion from planarity of the fluorinated polymer, compared with the non-fluorinated counterpart, induced by repulsive interactions between the fluorine atoms on the vinylene units and the oxygen atoms of the alkoxy groups on the aromatic rings.
Published: 2009
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39. Thiophene-based fluorescent probes with low cytotoxicity and high photostability for lysosomes in living cells

Author: Stefano Leporatti, Viviana Vergaro, Antonio Cardone, Francesca Baldassarre, Paride Papadia, Giuseppe Ciccarella, Claudia Carlucci, Agostina Lina Capodilupo, Giuseppina Anna Corrente, Giuseppe Gigli, A. L., Capodilupo, Vergaro, Viviana, Baldassarre, Francesca, A., Cardone, G. A., Corrente, C., Carlucci, S., Leporatti, Papadia, Paride, Gigli, Giuseppe, and Ciccarella, Giuseppe
Subjects: Cell signaling, Biocompatibility, Thiophene-based probe, Biophysics, Thiophenes, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, Lysosome, Fluorescence microscope, medicine, Thiophene, Animals, Humans, Cytotoxicity, Molecular Biology, Fluorescent Dyes, Chemistry, Fluorescent dye, Plasma membrane repair, 3T3 Cells, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Fluorescence, medicine.anatomical_structure, Living cell, Photostability, Co-localization, Lysosomes, HeLa Cells
Abstract: Background Selective imaging of lysosomes by fluorescence microscopy using specific fluorescent probes allows the study of biological processes and it is potentially useful also for diagnosis. Lysosomes are involved in numerous physiological processes, such as bone and tissue remodeling, plasma membrane repair, and cholesterol homeostasis, along with cell death and cell signaling. Despite the great number of dyes available today on the market, the search for new fluorescent dyes easily up-taken by cells, biocompatible and bearing bright and long-lasting fluorescence is still a priority. Methods Two thiophene-based fluorescent dyes, TC1 and TC2, were synthetized as lysosome-specific probes. Results The new dyes showed high selectivity for fluorescent staining and imaging of lysosomes and disclosed high photostability, low toxicity and pH insensitivity in the range 2–10. Conclusions The TC dyes exhibited high co-localization coefficients (> 95%) and moderate quantum yields. They showed high biocompatibility and long-term retention, important features for biological applications. General significance The results of the present work disclose a new class of organic dyes with potential wide applications as specific and efficient lysosome probes in the study of various biological processes.
Published: 2014

40. A Photoresponsive Red-Hair-Inspired Polydopamine-Based Copolymer for Hybrid Photocapacitive Sensors

Author: Teresa Ligonzo, Paolo F. Ambrico, Roberto Avolio, Stefania R. Cicco, Marianna Ambrico, Antonio Cardone, Nicola Fyodor Della Vecchia, Marco d'Ischia, Alessandra Napolitano, Ambrico, M, Della Vecchia, Nf, Ambrico, Pf, Cardone, A, Cicco, Sr, Ligonzo, T, Avolio, R, Napolitano, Alessandra, and D'Ischia, Marco
Subjects: photocapacitive, Materials science, 4-benzothiazines, Nanotechnology, Benzothiazine, engineering.material, Condensed Matter Physics, cyisteinyldopamine, Biological materials, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Biomaterials, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Benzothiazole, Polymer chemistry, Electrochemistry, Copolymer, engineering, Spectral analysis, Biopolymer, Adhesive, Visible spectrum
Abstract: Inspired by the powerful photosensitizing properties of the red hair pigments pheomelanins, a photoresponsive cysteine-containing variant of the adhesive biopolymer polydopamine (pDA) is developed via oxidative copolymerization of dopamine (DA) and 5-S-cysteinyldopamine (CDA) in variable ratios. Chemical and spectral analysis indicate the presence of benzothiazole/benzothiazine units akin to those of pheomelanins. p(DA/CDA) copolymers display impedance properties similar to those of biological materials and a marked photoimpedance response to light stimuli. The use of the p(DA/CDA) copolymer to implement a solution-processed hybrid photocapacitive/resistive metalinsulator- semiconductor (MIS) device disclosed herein is the fi rst example of technological exploitation of photoactive, red-hair-inspired biomaterials as soft enhancement layer for silicon in an optoelectronic device. The bio-inspired materials described herein may provide the active component of new hybrid photocapacitive sensors with a chemically tunable response to visible light.
Published: 2014

41. Spectroscopic investigations, characterization and chemical sensor application of composite Langmuir-Schäfer films of anthocyanins and oligophenylenevinylene derivatives

Author: Ludovico Valli, A. Santino, Gabriele Giancane, Vito Sgobba, Simona Bettini, Carmela Martinelli, Gianluca M. Farinola, Antonio Cardone, Bettini, Simona, Valli, Ludovico, A., Santino, C., Martinelli, G. M., Farinola, A., Cardone, V., Sgobba, and Giancane, Gabriele
Subjects: Langmuir, Aqueous solution, Brewster's angle, Chemistry, Process Chemistry and Technology, General Chemical Engineering, Chemical structure, Analytical chemistry, Photochemistry, LangmuireSchäfer films, Anthocyanin stability, Oligophenylenevinylenes, Air/water interface characterization, UVevis spectroscopy, Herbicide sensor, Oligomer, chemistry.chemical_compound, symbols.namesake, Pigment, Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, visual_art, symbols, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Absorption (chemistry)
Abstract: Anthocyanins, extracted from grape skin ( Vitis vinifera ), were dissolved in ultrapure aqueous subphase and an oligophenylenevinylene derivative was spread on the subphase surface. Such oligomer was chosen as anionic counterpart of hydrosoluble anthocyanins in order to perform a Langmuir–Schafer film of the dyad. Interface interactions between oligophenylenevinylene derivative and anthocyanins were studied by Brewster angle microscopy and reflection spectroscopy. Additionally, the oligomer exhibits a chemical structure able to ensure an enhancement of the stability under UV–visible irradiations of the film of the dyad without any variation of the natural pigment absorption in the visible range. The visible spectra of cast anthocyanins film and Langmuir–Schafer oligomer/anthocyanins film after exposure to 254 nm irradiation showed a remarkable increase of the film stability, probably due to the screening effect of the oligomer. Preliminary test of a Langmuir–Schafer film of oligophenylenevinylene derivative/anthocyanins as a herbicide sensor showed that sensing is completely reversible, stable and repeatable.
Published: 2012

42. An aryleneethynylene fluorophore for cell membrane staining

Author: Aldebaran M. Hofer, Francesco Lopez, Gianluca M. Farinola, Carmela Martinelli, Francesco Affortunato, Giovanni Busco, Matilde Colella, Antonio Cardone, Rosanna Mallamaci, Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), and Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)
Subjects: Fluorophore, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Biophysics, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, Immunofluorescence, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Fluorescence, Cell Line, Cell membrane, chemistry.chemical_compound, Live cell imaging, Cricetinae, Amphiphile, medicine, Animals, Humans, Fluorescent marker, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Fluorescent Dyes, Liposome, Microscopy, pH-insensitive, Membranes, medicine.diagnostic_test, Chemistry, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Aryleneethynylene, Cross-coupling, PH-insensitive, Cell Membrane, HeLa Cells, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Cell Biology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Membrane, medicine.anatomical_structure, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The use of an amphiphilic aryleneethynylene fluorophore as a plasma membrane marker in fixed and living mammalian cells and liposome model systems is demonstrated. We show here that the optical properties of the novel dye are almost independent on pH, in the range 5.0–8.0. Spectroscopic characterization performed on unilamellar liposomes ascertained that the fluorescence intensity of the aryleneethynylene fluorophore greatly increases after incorporation in lipidic membranes. Experiments performed on different mammalian cells demonstrated that the novel membrane marker exhibits fast staining and a good photostability that make it a suitable tool for live cell imaging. Importantly, the aryleneethynylene fluorophore was also shown to be a fast and reliable blue membrane marker in classical multicolor immunofluorescence experiments. This study adds new important findings to the recent exploitation of the wide class of aryleneethynylene molecules as luminescent markers for biological investigations.
Published: 2011

43. Evaluation of the interaction of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 with activator p25 and with p25-derived inhibitor CIP

Author: Antonio Cardone, R. Wayne Albers, Harish C. Pant, and Ram D. Sriram
Subjects: Models, Molecular, biology, Activator (genetics), Protein Conformation, Cyclin-dependent kinase 5, Hyperphosphorylation, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Plasma protein binding, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Cell biology, Computational Mathematics, Protein structure, nervous system, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Cyclin-dependent kinase, Modeling and Simulation, Genetics, biology.protein, Cyclin-dependent kinase complex, Protein phosphorylation, Molecular Biology, Algorithms, Protein Binding
Abstract: A high-affinity inhibitor protein called CIP, produced by small truncations of p35, was experimentally identified. P35 is a physiological activator of the cyclin-dependent kinase cdk5. P25 is derived from proteolytic truncation of p35 within "stressed" neurons, and it is associated with the hyperphosphorylation of specific neuronal proteins, typically occurring in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. Here, we report a study of the binding mechanisms of the cdk5-p25 and cdk5-CIP complexes. This provides a better understanding of the source of the inhibitory activity of the protein CIP. We use a geometry-based technique to test the hypothesis that p25's truncation increases the flexibility of CIP and thus prevents cdk5 from reaching its active conformation. Our study is based on a geometry-based alignment algorithm, which aligns two given protein conformations with respect to their interfaces. Our results support the flexibility hypothesis and will be used as a basis for targeted molecular dynamics simulations.
Published: 2010

44. Study of interaction of the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 with its activator, p25 and with the p25-derived inhibitor, CIP

Author: Antonio Cardone, R Wayne Albers, Ram D Sriram, and Harish C Pant
Published: 2009

45. Blue-Gap Poly(p-phenylene vinylene)s with Fluorinated Double Bonds: Interplay Between Supramolecular Organization and Optical Properties in Thin Films

Author: Maria Losurdo, Francesco Naso, Maria M. Giangregorio, Carmela Martinelli, Francesco Babudri, Michael Büchel, Gianluca M. Farinola, Antonio Cardone, Pio Capezzuto, and Giovanni Bruno
Subjects: Materials science, Double bond, Supramolecular chemistry, LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, ELECTROLUMINESCENT PROPERTIES, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, General Materials Science, Thin film, chemistry.chemical_classification, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, FLUORO GROUPS, Poly(p-phenylene vinylene), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, INTERCHAIN INTERACTIONS, CONJUGATED-POLYMER-FILMS, Crystallography, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: Blue-light-emitting poly(p-phenylene vinylene)s with fluorinated vinylene units are presented. It is demonstrated that self-aggregation governs the strength and polarization of the absorption spectra of thin films of these polymers. This indicates that self-assembly of the polymer chains in the films provides a means of tuning the electronic and optical properties of the pi-conjugated systems.
Published: 2009

46. Synthesis and characterization of poly(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-1,4-phenylenevinylene)

Author: Francesco Naso, Francesco Babudri, Gaetano Scamarcio, Antonio Cardone, Giuseppe Ciccarella, Gianluca M. Farinola, Luca Chiavarone, F., Babudri, A., Cardone, L., Chiavarone, Ciccarella, Giuseppe, G. M., Farinola, F., Naso, and G., Scamarcio
Subjects: Materials science, Metals and Alloys, General Chemistry, Mass spectrometry, COPOLYMERS, Combinatorial chemistry, Catalysis, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Characterization (materials science), Stille reaction, ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES, Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, Sample preparation, POLYMERS
Abstract: Poly(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-1,4-phenylenevinylene) (PTFPV) was prepared for the first time by the Stille cross-coupling reaction and the resulting material was characterized through MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, employing a novel sample preparation protocol suitable for insoluble compounds; preliminary optical and electrooptical measurements were performed.
Published: 2001

47. Overlap-based cell tracker

Author: Antonio Cardone, Joe Chalfoun, Daniel P. Allen, Michael Halter, and Alden A. Dima
Subjects: High rate, business.industry, Computer science, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, General Engineering, cell motility, overlap-based cell tracking, Execution time, Article, live-cell imaging, Image (mathematics), time-lapse cell imaging, Set (abstract data type), Software, NIST, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, Cell tracking, business, Analysis method
Abstract: In order to facilitate the extraction of quantitative data from live cell image sets, automated image analysis methods are needed. This paper presents an introduction to the general principle of an overlap cell tracking software developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). This cell tracker has the ability to track cells across a set of time lapse images acquired at high rates based on the amount of overlap between cellular regions in consecutive frames. It is designed to be highly flexible, requires little user parameterization, and has a fast execution time.
Published: 2010

48. Survey statistics of automated segmentations applied to optical imaging of mammalian cells

Author: Peter Bajcsy, Michael Halter, Carl G. Simon, Mary Brady, Antonio Cardone, Mylene Simon, Joe Chalfoun, Adele P. Peskin, Antoine Vandecreme, Marcin Kociolek, Michael Majurski, and Derek Juba
Subjects: Computer science, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Scale-space segmentation, Cell segmentation, Biochemistry, Segmentation evaluation, Automation, Structural Biology, Histogram, Animals, Humans, Computer vision, Segmentation, Molecular Biology, Microscopy, Segmentation-based object categorization, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, Segmented objects, Optical Imaging, Accelerated execution of segmentation for high-throughput biological application, Pattern recognition, Image segmentation, Computer Science Applications, Cellular measurements, Artificial intelligence, business, Algorithms, Research Article
Abstract: The goal of this survey paper is to overview cellular measurements using optical microscopy imaging followed by automated image segmentation. The cellular measurements of primary interest are taken from mammalian cells and their components. They are denoted as two- or three-dimensional (2D or 3D) image objects of biological interest. In our applications, such cellular measurements are important for understanding cell phenomena, such as cell counts, cell-scaffold interactions, cell colony growth rates, or cell pluripotency stability, as well as for establishing quality metrics for stem cell therapies. In this context, this survey paper is focused on automated segmentation as a software-based measurement leading to quantitative cellular measurements. We define the scope of this survey and a classification schema first. Next, all found and manually filteredpublications are classified according to the main categories: (1) objects of interests (or objects to be segmented), (2) imaging modalities, (3) digital data axes, (4) segmentation algorithms, (5) segmentation evaluations, (6) computational hardware platforms used for segmentation acceleration, and (7) object (cellular) measurements. Finally, all classified papers are converted programmatically into a set of hyperlinked web pages with occurrence and co-occurrence statistics of assigned categories. The survey paper presents to a reader: (a) the state-of-the-art overview of published papers about automated segmentation applied to optical microscopy imaging of mammalian cells, (b) a classification of segmentation aspects in the context of cell optical imaging, (c) histogram and co-occurrence summary statistics about cellular measurements, segmentations, segmented objects, segmentation evaluations, and the use of computational platforms for accelerating segmentation execution, and (d) open research problems to pursue. The novel contributions of this survey paper are: (1) a new type of classification of cellular measurements and automated segmentation, (2) statistics about the published literature, and (3) a web hyperlinked interface to classification statistics of the surveyed papers at https://isg.nist.gov/deepzoomweb/resources/survey/index.html .
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49. Il problema del sovraumano

Author: Domenico Antonio Cardone and Calvert J. Winter
Subjects: General Medicine
Published: 1938

50. Umanismo?

Author: L. Robert Lind and Domenico Antonio Cardone
Subjects: General Medicine
Published: 1939

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