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Nowadays, companies face the pressing challenge of reconciling their operational goals with environmental responsibility. The transition to necessary environmental sustainability practices increasingly compels the industry to re-evaluate its operations and supply chains in order to mitigate their adverse impact. This adjustment, though time and investment-intensive, presents an opportunity for firms to gain economic as well as environmental benefits. Consumer environmental commitment and responsibility play a crucial role in fostering innovation and competitive advantage in industrial products. Hence, effective communication of sustainability information to potential customers is of particular importance. This project documents the tools and methods available for stakeholders that can provide this competitive advantage. The study explores the creation of a new framework that integrates information and methodologies from current research on Environmental Sustainability Indicators to assess the environmental sustainability of the entire life cycle of industrial products. The process begins by establishing the foundational system, describing the social and environmental context, and setting objectives. A database of potential indicators is narrowed down to 24 based on their importance in representing each category. These indicators will not have equal weight in product certification. Four essential criteria are established and evaluated by a group of consumers through an online survey, with responses processed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Additionally, experts rank the indicators within categories to define their weight in the final score. The design of the Front-of-Package (FOP) scoring and labelling system is tested on a dairy industry product, and the results are analysed across criteria and categories, comparing with current certifications. The proposed logo is compared with existing alternatives. Conclusions recommend additional tests across indus

The increase in population, the excessive use of arable land, the scarcity of water, the energy shortage and consequently the deforestation and loss of fertile land is affecting the agricultural environment in a negative way. Given the increase in climate change and its negative effects is it important to study the viability of alternatives that help to minimize these issues. With each passing year, it is becoming more and more important to prioritise sustainability in all possible areas. For that reason, this thesis focuses on the study and analysis of the energy consumption of traditional cultivation systems. In detail, the rate of cost for electricity has been determined in order to model the food processing and its storage in controlled ambient temperature and relate the energy consumption of each processing phase to the produced kilogram of product and to the type of crop. Therefore, it has been done research on the agricultural sector both in an energetically and environmentally way. Once given a general idea on this, it has been studied different types of cultivation to see its advantages and disadvantages. Having understood those benefits and withdrawals, we have seen the importance of investing on other types of cultivation rather than open field cultivation such as greenhouses or vertical farms, a concept to produce vegetables in city centres and therefore, reduce transportation and deforestation to minimize pollution and what it entails. Specifically, it has been modelled a hypothetical greenhouse system located near Naples. It has been calculated the thermal load, the energy consumption, and the rate of cost for electricity per kilogram produced. Afterwards, it has been analysed and discussed the results obtained comparing them to the ones obtained if it was located in other countries. Thanks to this, it has been possible to see how the influencing factors affect the rate of cost for electricity

This project develops an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) tool for predicting the heat transfer coefficient of two-phase boiling refrigerants flow in circular smooth tubes. Two-phase boiling flow is studied to determine which parameters have a significant effect in the heat transfer mechanism and which semi-empirical correlations are currently available to predict the heat transfer coefficient. Data to feed the ANN is gathered from existing public literature into a consolidated database of 6023 data points of different refrigerants (R-134a, CO2...) in different experimental conditions (tube diameter, heated length, mass flow, ...). The MATLAB AI tool is used to develop the ANN. After the training and test steps results are evaluated and discussed

Predictive modelling is a state-of-the-art technique for which an objective variable is predicted given a set of environmental parameters. Many types of models exist and most of them can be built with different architectures. This project comes from the necessity to improve the measurement of biometric indicators and understand how team performance can affect their level in a defence training context. The biometric indicators of interest are the player’s heart rate and stress index, which are going to be related to information extracted from the GPS coordinates they have. The objective has been to study the evolution of the stress index during an exercise period, trying to determine how the other biometrical and positional factors influence its level. After reviewing existing work in the medical field for stress monitoring and team performance in an educational context, it has been observed that no literature involved both topics relating them to each other, let alone in a defence environment. A list of quality indicators has been defined to assess the quality of the provided raw datasets, the information from which has been managed to build a single dataset that could be used to train a model. The results of the quality assessment have shown that the recording frequency for the different indicators should be modified to a common value since the existing time difference between recordings has proven to be a complex issue to solve when building the model. Regression, neural network, and random forest models have been tested, with the latter being the one offering the best precision. The heart rate, the duration of the exercise, and the distance from the player to the opposite team were the variables that played a major role in the prediction. Overall, a valid prediction has been reached despite the missing gaps in the provided datasets. The key features to predict the stress index have been identified and recommendations in terms of data quality have been made so the

2021/2022, 2n quadrimestre

The goal of the presented thesis is to find a classifier able to recognize cycles in different vehicle models from a company. The problem faced is an unsupervised type, so there is no prior information on how many cycles exist. To deal with it, two contrastive methodologies were used. Once the model is trained and tuned, the generated encoder is used for downstream tasks, in this case, the space generated is used to apply a KMeans model to find clusters and therefore, the cycles within. With this cluster, a classifier is trained to have a final model able to be used in real-time. Previous work has been done by the company without applying any contrastive methodology and without any automation. Therefore, automation of the processes is required by the company. Silhouette score is used to check the performance and compare the results. Contrastive learning methodologies outperform the current solution of the company when it is applied to a specific vehicle model

The advent of Fifth generation (5G) and B5G future mobile networks has generated significant growth in the demand for reliable and low-latency data networks to support a wide range of applications and services with demanding requirements, such as monitoring, remote surgery, and vehicles connectivity. To address these challenges, small cells have emerged as a solution, offering high data rates in dense device environments. However, the increased density of deployed cells leads to frequent handovers and signaling overheads, creating challenges for managing radio resources. This work explores the use of prediction algorithms to address these challenges by accurately predicting handovers to prepare in advance the required resources in the next cells visited by the User Equipment (UE). Various methodologies, including machine learning (ML) algorithms, have been proposed for predicting UE mobility and target base stations. Prediction models based on Markov models, Bayesian Networks, Neural Networks, Support Vector Machines (SVM), and clustering techniques have been developed to utilize mobility patterns and improve prediction accuracy. The main objective of the thesis is to develop a prediction model that utilizes historical user trajectory data to predict the next target base station during a handover process. The proposed methodology utilizes pre-processed subtrajectories as features to identify trajectory patterns and make predictions. Simulated mobility trajectories of vehicles in the city of Cologne are used to test the proposed approach. The model's performance is evaluated based on prediction certainty, anticipation time, and processing time. The performance of different classifiers and subtrajectory sizes is evaluated to determine the most effective model parameters. The Logistic Regression algorithm is found to provide the highest prediction certainty, while subtrajectories of size 2 yield faster processing times. The developed ML classification model is compared

PUNTO LÍMITE es un proyecto que explora cómo poner en valor y conservar el paisaje y el frente costero de Malgrat de Mar a través de la intervención en el espacio público, investigando sobre soluciones que permitan la coexistencia de ambos. La propuesta se desarrolla en dos ámbitos de escala diferenciada. En primer lugar, se presenta una intervención territorial que, mediante la implementación de estrategias como la regeneración de sistemas dunares costeros y la reestructuración de la movilidad rodada, pretende recuperar y potenciar la biodiversidad de las playas a la vez que se aumenta la resiliencia de la costa frente a las amenazas del cambio climático. En segundo lugar, se lleva a cabo una reconfiguración urbana en torno a la plaza de Xesco Boix que tiene por objetivo articular la relación de la ciudad con la costa, lidiando con la barrera de una infraestructura ferroviaria que las separa. En paralelo, se reivindica la puesta en valor de la plaza como lugar identitario de Malgrat y como punto de contacto con todo un sistema de playas de alto valor ambiental por su cercanía al Delta del río Tordera.

Nowadays, companies are beginning to understand the importance of using more data tools (i.e. Business Intelligence (BI)), to support decision for their strategies. This paper is a mixed of both literature review and two practical examples of projects connected to the BI usage in logistics for managerial dashboard design, improvement of business processes, etc. Therefore, targets the examination of associated literature in the related topic to enrich the knowledge on them. The paper presents the development and implementation of a Power BI solution for different warehouse logistics activities in a Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) company. These activities are performed by 3PL service providers outsourced by the company, and there is a need of tracking and monitoring their performance in order to obtain conclusions and introduce, if necessary, corrective actions. With these group of BI tools, the company not only improves their digitalisation strategies with clarification of final results thanks to better dashboards and reports, but also their logistics performance, costs management and decision-making, Al giorno d'oggi, le aziende stanno iniziando a comprendere l'importanza dell'utilizzo di un maggior numero di strumenti di dati (ad esempio, la Business Intelligence (BI)), a supporto delle decisioni per le loro strategie. Questo articolo è un misto di revisione della letteratura e di due esempi pratici di progetti legati all'uso della BI nella logistica per la progettazione di cruscotti manageriali, il miglioramento dei processi aziendali, ecc. Pertanto, si propone di esaminare la letteratura associata all'argomento per arricchire le conoscenze in materia. Il documento presenta lo sviluppo e l'implementazione di una soluzione Power BI per diverse attività logistiche in un'azienda di Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG). Queste attività sono svolte da fornitori di servizi 3PL esternalizzati dall'azienda e vi è la necessità di tracciare e monitorare le loro prestazioni per ottenere conclusioni e introdurre, se necessario, azioni correttive. Con questo gruppo di strumenti di BI, l'azienda non solo migliora le proprie strategie di digitalizzazione con chiarimenti dei risultati finali grazie a cruscotti e report migliori, ma anche le prestazioni logistiche, la gestione dei costi e il processo decisionale

The aim of this thesis is to develop a calibration methodology for an Epson industrial robot, a vision system and a conveyor belt for conveyor tracking applications using external non-Epson cameras. The calibration is the joining component which allows the three essential hardware elements involved in conveyor tracking applications to communicate between them, share data and achieve a high quality and accurate performance. The methodology adopted to address the project was to start by learning and comprehend how the different elements involved in a conveyor tracking application, and its environment, function, beginning from a basic level and adding progressively complexity. In order to implement an external and innovative calibration procedure, research of the calibration process provided by the Epson software, only available for Epson cameras, was conducted. The steps followed, the parameters involved and the results obtained were analysed in detail. Following, an external calibration procedure was developed and the results obtained from both methodologies were compared to evaluate if they matched. It was concluded that the external calibration procedure was valid and ready to use. Finally, some conveyor tracking applications were implemented and optimized until the performance was accurate and precise, L'obiettivo di questa tesi è sviluppare una metodologia di calibrazione per un robot industriale Epson, un sistema di visione e un nastro trasportatore per applicazioni di tracciamento del nastro utilizzando telecamere esterne non Epson. La calibrazione è il componente di unione che permette ai tre elementi hardware di comunicare tra loro, di condividere i dati e di ottenere prestazioni di alta qualità e precisione nelle applicazioni di tracciamento dei nastri trasportatori. La metodologia adottata per affrontare il progetto è stata quella di iniziare a conoscere e comprendere il funzionamento dei diversi elementi coinvolti in un'applicazione di tracciamento dei nastri trasportatori e del suo ambiente, partendo da un livello di base e aggiungendo progressivamente complessità. Al fine di implementare una calibrazione esterna e innovativa, è stata condotta una ricerca del processo di calibrazione fornito dal software Epson, disponibile solo per le telecamere Epson. Sono stati analizzati in dettaglio i passaggi seguiti, i parametri coinvolti e i risultati ottenuti. Successivamente, è stata sviluppata una procedura di calibrazione esterna e i risultati ottenuti da entrambe le metodologie sono stati confrontati per valutarne la corrispondenza. Si è concluso che la procedura di calibrazione esterna era valida e pronta all'uso. Infine, sono state implementate e ottimizzate alcune applicazioni di tracciamento dei trasportatori, fino a ottenere prestazioni accurate e precise

his thesis analyses the results obtained after carrying out the optimization and sizing of a charging station for electric vehicles together with its energy source, which is a self- consumption photovoltaic system. The vehicle demand for the electric charging station has been simulated, the energy consumption has been studied with the aim of dimensioning the systems according to the data provided and the design criteria that have been considered appropriate. With that, CO2 emissions have been evaluated and the savings associated with the implementation of a system with renewable energy have been estimated. It is concluded that the installation of the charging station is feasible, and a significant reduction of CO2 emissions and electricity costs is achieved, V tem diplomskem delu so analizirani rezultati, pridobljeni z optimizacijo in določitvijo velikosti polnilne postaje za električna vozila skupaj z njenim virom energije, ki je fotovoltaični sistem za lastno porabo. Simulirane so bile potrebe vozil po električni polnilni postaji, preučena je bila poraba energije z namenom dimenzioniranja sistemov v skladu s predloženimi podatki in merili za načrtovanje, ki so bila ocenjena kot ustrezna. Pri tem so bile ocenjene emisije CO2 in prihranki, povezani z izvajanjem sistema z obnovljivimi viri energije. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da je namestitev polnilne postaje izvedljiva ter da se dosežejo znatno zmanjšanje emisij CO2 in stroškov električne energije

The Physical Internet is an emerging concept that seeks to improve the efficiency and sustainability of global logistics by creating a network under a common structure. Containers are a key tool for implementing this concept, as they enable the efficient and secure transport of goods along standardized hubs. This systematic literature review aims to identify and analyze existing research on the use of containers in the Physical Internet and their contributions to the efficiency and sustainability of global logistics. This review emphasizes the growing significance and empirical evidence supporting the usefulness and benefits of adopting container systems, including improved cargo optimization, logistics operations, and the sustainability of the logistics network. To solve difficulties like standardization, cost implementation, privacy, and integration of technology, more study is required. Regarding the methodology used, first a qualitative study of the articles is made, which will allow us to have a vision of the evolution that has taken place in recent years. Next, a study of the findings and conclusions will be made, which will allow for the classification of the research approaches and contributions. By giving a thorough overview, it provides insightful information for supply chain management, logistics, and other professionals. Furthermore, limitations and unanswered questions will be discussed in order to guide future studies with the identified research opportunities, emphasizing areas that need attention to progress this field’s research. In the last instance, these gaps offer chances to improve our comprehension and use of containers in the supply chain network

Floating Wind (FW) power is slowly but surely becoming a reality in Europe. In order to reduce costs and make FW a cost effective industry, companies are devel- oping new technologies merging different concepts and ideas previously used in the Oil and Gas (OG) sector. Among them, is the use of weathervaning platforms to eliminate the need of an active yaw system at the nacelle to align the turbine with the wind direction. This thesis aims to study the impact that sea currents have on the alignment perfor- mance of weathervaning platforms in installation sites with great crossed currents influence and under slow wind scenarios. To do so, a floater designed by the disrup- tive spanish company X1 Wind, featuring a 15 MW turbine designed by NREL, will be taken as reference. At the same time, this thesis work will also propose, compare and study different ways and mechanisms to improve its alignment. The results obtained showed a slight degree of misalignment of the floater with the wind direction for scenarios with strong currents, over 0.8 m/s, and wind speeds in between the cut-in and rated speed of the turbine, with an angle offset between them around the 90 °. With the intention of proposing different helping mechanism, both an analytical and a virtual model, using Ashes, a low order modelling software developed by Simis, were created to predict the dynamic behaviour of the floater and to test a set of generated concepts based on a previous patent research and a literature study. Thanks to both models, it could be concluded that the use of a passive system based on rigid sails, such as the ones used in Wind Assisted Propulsion Systems (WAPS) would not be enough in these kind of scenarios and so an active system was devel- oped. Said system featured a mechanism that allowed the nacelle to rotate within a small range of motion close to -5°and 5°, which showed a reasonable alignment performance

This thesis born from the idea and interest to develop in an extent way the knowledge acquired during the master’s degree of Energy Engineering, especially with the topic of applied energy and solar photovoltaic renewable energy. The way to change from fossil fuel energy to environmentally friendly energy is the way for reducing the greenhouse gases emissions. Nowadays, there is a big demand for clean energy. When plant exploiting is installed, they have the objective to achieve zero harmful emissions but the manufacturing process of their components must be taken into account along with its construction. This master’s thesis presents and studies the analysis of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of a real photovoltaic plant existing in Italy by using SimaPro software. Before starting to write the thesis, it is done research of previous studies and papers of the topic of interest as well as a reading of the most interesting ones. In the first part, it is explained the LCA analysis with a description of its methodology and an explanation of all its phases and steps, as well as an explanation of the main software and methodologies that will be used in the practical analysis. In the second part, it is described the real photovoltaic plant that will be analysed with the description of all components. The analysis is carried out on a photovoltaic plant called Acquaviva 02, located in the town of Acquaviva delle Fonti, in the region of Puglia (Italy). The owner of the plant is Espe Rinnovabili SRL. In the third part, a LCA analysis is done for Acquaviva 02 photovoltaic plant taking into account all the steps shown in the first section and the elements described in the second part. Finally, it is done a LCA comparison between the real photovoltaic plant and a photovoltaic plant found in the database of SimaPro, highlighting the main differences and comparing and contrasting both results

S'ha estudiat, dissenyat i implementat un dispositiu, alimentat mitjançant el protocol PoE (Power over Ethernet), que mostra la senyal de tally d'un video mixer ATEM. Aquesta senyal serveix a l'operador de càmera per conèixer l'estat actual a realització de la seva gravació, coneixent en tot moment si es troba a programa, es a dir, en emissió; o en previ, en cas de trobar-se en preparació. Les dades es transporten des del mixer al dispositiu mitjançant un cable de xarxa Ethernet., Se ha estudiado, diseñado e implementado un dispositivo, alimentado mediante el protocolo PoE (Power over Ethernet), que muestra la señal de tally de un mezclador de vídeo ATEM. Dicha señal sirve al operador de cámara para conocer el estado actual en realización de su grabación, sabiendo en todo momento si se encuentra en programa, es decir, en emisión; o previo, en caso de encontrarse en preparación para ello. Los datos se transportan desde el mezclador al dispositivo mediante un cable de red Ethernet., This project presents the study, development and implementation of a device that displays the tally signal of an ATEM video mixer, powered by PoE (Power over Ethernet). The operator of each camera uses this signal to know if his capture is broadcasted at that specific moment, named in the mixer as program, or it is prepared to it, named as preview. The wired Ethernet system is used to transport data from the mixer to the camera position.

Blockchain technology is disrupting the norm across a large number of industries. However, for it to have large-scale adoption, scalability needs to be improved. As various efforts to ameliorate scalability are on the rise, Layer 2 solutions seem to be the escape velocity the blockchain scene needs for success. Most of them being launched in 2021, Layer 2 solutions’ TVL has risen 119% (denominated in ETH) this past 2022 [20] evidencing that not only they are technically a virtuous solution but also widely demanded, as numerous decentralized applications are migrating to these protocols. This thesis aims to study the more prominent Layer 2 protocols by, firstly, comparing the thesis surrounding them with the actual scene values and, providing an assessment of metrics considered relevant when analyzing blockchain protocols, especially for Layer 2 protocols. Therefore, the most relevant frameworks of study concerning these solutions are analyzed and further metrics not considered in them are presented. In the study, to validate the proposed additional metrics, a study regarding their validity and relevance is done. The importance of these solutions’ community in terms a directly precursor of value is assessed comparing to their inherent value as a blockchain solution. Moreover, the ecosystem of decentralized applications is assessed, while also analyzing the theory of fat protocols [6]. Finally, the major investors in the L2 ecosystem are studied, as well as the total funding amount the solutions have gotten over time. The results of this study are, firstly, a framework that can be used to assess layer 2 solutions, mainly general-purpose rollups, beyond technological intricacies, and give perspective on which protocol has more usability and success currently, and which may succeed or might be more widely used in the future. Secondly, the study reveals that community, measured in social media following, does not directly impact the valuation metrics of these protocols

Aquest treball de fi de grau té com a objectiu explorar la viabilitat d'utilitzar plaques solars per alimentar cadenes de mesura en estructures de formigó enfortides amb barres de polímer reforçat amb fibra (FRP). Els principals objectius són: dur a terme una investigació profunda per entendre el funcionament de cada element que conforma el sistema, valorar diverses alternatives, identificar aspectes a tenir en compte respecte a la configuració del model, dissenyar un sistema d'energia solar a mida i realitzar-hi proves experimentals. L'experiment implica una prova de flexió de 3 punts, on la barra de FRP s’ha sotmès a diferents condicions de càrrega. La mesura de la tensió ha sigut l'objectiu principal, tenint en compte la seva sensibilitat a la temperatura, factors ambientals i variacions de càrrega. La prova revela diferències entre la suspensió de càrrega directa i les suspensions seqüencials, destacant l'impacte de la magnitud de la càrrega, la distribució i la resposta estructural en els valors de deformació. Els resultats han demostrat l'eficàcia dels panells solars per proporcionar energia sostenible per a les cadenes de mesura. L'anàlisi d'alternatives mostra el potencial de l'energia solar en aquests tipus de muntatges i com a conseqüència la possible contribució al desenvolupament sostenible dels sistemes de mesura en el sector de la construcció, Este trabajo de fin de grado tiene como objetivo explorar la viabilidad de utilizar placas solares para alimentar cadenas de medida en estructuras de hormigón fortalecidas con barras de polímero reforzado con fibra (FRP). Los principales objetivos son: llevar a cabo una investigación profunda para entender el funcionamiento de cada elemento que conforma el sistema, valorar diversas alternativas, identificar aspectos a tener en cuenta respecto a la configuración del modelo, diseñar un sistema de energía solar a medida y realizar pruebas experimentales. El experimento implica una prueba de flexión de 3 puntos, donde la barra de FRP se ha sometido a distintas condiciones de carga. La medida de la tensión ha sido el principal objetivo, teniendo en cuenta su sensibilidad a la temperatura, factores ambientales y variaciones de carga. La prueba revela diferencias entre una suspensión de carga directa y suspensiones secuenciales, destacando el impacto de la magnitud de la carga, distribución y respuesta estructural en los valores de deformación. Los resultados han demostrado la eficacia de los paneles solares para proporcionar energía sostenible a las cadenas de medida. El análisis de alternativas muestra el potencial de la energía solar en este tipo de montajes y como consecuencia de la posible contribución al desarrollo sostenible de los sistemas de medida en el sector de la construcción, This final project aims to explore the viability of using solar panels for powering measurement chains in concrete structures reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer bars (FRP). The main objectives of the thesis are to carry out in-depth research to understand the operation of each element that makes up the system, assess various alternatives, identify aspects to take into account regarding the configuration of the model, design a custom solar energy system and carry out experimental tests. The experiment involves a 3-point bending test, where the FRP rebar has been subjected to different load conditions. The strain measurement has been the primary focus, considering its sensitivity to temperature, environmental factors, and load variations. The test reveals differences between a direct load suspension and sequential suspensions, highlighting the impact of load magnitude, distribution, and structural response on strain values. The results have demonstrated the effectiveness of solar panels in providing sustainable energy for measurement chains. The analysis of alternatives shows the potential of solar energy in this type of set ups and therefore the possible contribution to the sustainable development of measurement systems in the construction sector

En el context actual, la informació és una de les eines més importants per a la presa de decisions en qualsevol empresa. En el cas del sector del comerç al detall, la planificació de la demanda és fonamental per a poder mantenir un estoc adequat i assegurar una oferta atractiva als clients. Per això, la generació de gràfics i taules dinàmiques que permetin l’anàlisi i interpretació visual de dades és un factor clau per a l’èxit d’aquesta tasca. En aquest treball, s’ha creat una eina d’anàlisi i interpretació visual de dades per a crear un sistema més robust de previsió de la demanda en les botigues de l’empresa Nike. Aquesta eina s’ha desenvolupat utilitzant la Business Intelligence com a pilar de tractament de dades i creació de gràfics i taules que mostrin els resultats de l’anàlisi. Per a garantir la fiabilitat dels resultats obtinguts, s’han definit cinc àrees d’anàlisi de les dades. En alguns casos, ha calgut la col·laboració de diferents equips dins de l’empresa Nike per a recollir les dades necessàries i crear una eina de transmissió de dades que garanteixi la seva integritat. Una vegada que les dades s’han recollit, s’han tractat sistemàticament utilitzant les eines de la Business Intelligence per a incorporar totes les taules de dades dins el mateix sistema d’informació i poder comparar totes les àrees d’anàlisi definides. Els resultats obtinguts s’han representat en diversos gràfics i taules que permeten analitzar en detall totes les mètriques rellevants del sector del comerç al detall i la seva planificació de la demanda. Aquests gràfics s’han posat a disposició de més de 70 usuaris per al seu ús diari, el que ha permès a l’empresa Nike disposar d’una visió global de l’àrea de planificació i millorar la presa de decisions. A més, s’ha pogut comprovar l’eficàcia del treball realitzat donades les múltiples accions de millora que s’han generat en la empresa a partir d’aquests gràfics i taules dinàmiques posades a disposició de diferents equips

Business Intelligence tools help organizations make better-informed decisions based on data-driven insights. This study is based on a project experience developing a BI reporting solution from a consultant point of view. Board, the software used in this project, is a Business Intelligence and Enterprise Performance Management application which offers a high degree of functionality and flexibility. End users of the solution are financial controllers of Kos group, a leading Italian healthcare group. The final goal of the project has been to design and implement a data visualization solution to enhance their data driven decisions. Developing the appropriate reports using a design thinking approach has been crucial to accomplish this main objective. Using a representative example, the reader will follow and end- to-end process of how reports have been developed and released. The implementation of this solution is an optimal starting point for a company like Kos group, who want to increase the usability and efficiency of their reporting., Gli strumenti di Business Intelligence aiutano alle organizzazioni a prendere decisioni più informate basate sui dati. Questo studio si basa sull'esperienza di un progetto di sviluppo di una soluzione di BI reporting dal punto di vista di un consulente. Board, il software utilizzato in questo progetto, è un'applicazione di Business Intelligence e Enterprise Performance Management che offre un elevato grado di funzionalità e flessibilità. Gli utenti finali della soluzione sono i controller finanziari del gruppo Kos, un importante gruppo italiano del settore della salute. L'obiettivo finale del progetto è stato quello di progettare e implementare una soluzione di visualizzazione dei dati per migliorare le loro decisioni guidate dai dati. Lo sviluppo di report appropriati utilizzando l'approccio del design thinking è stato fondamentale per raggiungere questo obiettivo principale. Utilizzando un esempio rappresentativo, il lettore seguirà il processo end-to-end di sviluppo e rilascio dei report. L'implementazione di questa soluzione è un punto di partenza ottimo per un'azienda come Kos group, che vuole aumentare l'usabilità e l'efficienza dei propri report

The transition towards a sustainable and decarbonized energy system has sparked interest in green hydrogen (GH) as a versatile and clean energy carrier, projected to constitute 12% of final energy consumption by 2050. GH, which is the one produced through electrolysis powered by green electricity, will play a crucial role in decarbonizing energy-intensive sectors and balancing renewable electricity supply and demand, necessitating a significant increase in electrolyser capacity to approximately 5,000 GW by 2050, with two-thirds of hydrogen production being green and one-third blue. Spain, renowned for its abundant solar resources, presents an ideal setting to harness solar power for the production of GH through electrolysis. This research project focuses on a specific business case (BC) in Spain that aims to produce GH by coupling solar production with an energy storage system (ESS), while also ensuring grid connectivity. The primary objective of this project is to explore the added value of storage for GH production and address the challenge of supplying a high energy input to the electrolyser. One of the key hurdles faced by renewable energy sources is their inherent intermittency, which poses a significant obstacle to consistent hydrogen production. By integrating solar power generation, ESS, and grid connectivity, this BC aims to overcome this challenge and establish a sustainable and reliable pathway for GH production. Moreover, the BC will leverage grid connectivity, allowing for seamless integration with the existing energy infrastructure. This aspect offers the advantage of utilizing the grid as a backup energy source during periods of low solar generation or high hydrogen demand. It also provides the opportunity to sell surplus energy to the grid, ameliorating the economic viability of the project. Through this research project, we aim to evaluate the technical feasibility and economic viability of the proposed BC in Spain. The findings will provide insight

This work addresses the problem of autonomous vehicle trajectory tracking. The main purpose of this project is to encapsulate all the components required for a path tracking function in one module and to integrate and evaluate them in different scenarios. For the integration, first the trajectory interpolation and the vehicle model are defined. In this case, a linear interpolation and a bicycle model are used, respectively. Second, four different controllers are presented to be tested: the pure pursuit controller, the simple formulation of the Stanley controller, an extended formulation of the Stanley controller, and a sliding mode control. Then, various KPIs and scenarios are defined to compare and evaluate the controllers. The controllers were coded in Matlab, but translated from that code and into C/C++ using the Matlab Coder Toolbox. They were integrated into two different environments, one fully programmed in Python (the integration is done by using Cython), and a ROS 2 environment. A cost function was then defined to evaluate the controller and a tuning strategy for the controllers. Finally, a result analysis for the controllers in different scenarios is pre- sented

The literature review of this paper aims to understand the start-up market and the different valuation methods used in it. Start-ups have some unique characteristics that make them very difficult to valuate. Due to this, not only traditional methods should be used, but also alternative ones for start-ups. Also, there is no method that can precisely estimate a start-up's value, as all of them have their limitations. Instead, a mix of them should be considered to complement each other. To apply all these findings, a case study of Coursera is undertaken. Although having strong sales figures, Coursera still presents some unique characteristics of start-ups, such as growth focus and non-profitability. After assessing both the company and the market, different valuation methods are applied and analyzed through a football field. For Coursera, the most relevant methods are the DCF, the Venture Capital, and the First Chicago. These result in a price per share ranging from $13 to $18, implying that Coursera’s stock is, as of the 30th of April of 2023, undervalued by roughly 4% to 30%. Moreover, this analysis also suggests that Coursera’s IPO was significantly overpriced, with a premium of 80% to 150%. In conclusion, complementing different valuation methods can help face the challenges of valuating a start- up

This paper examines the typical attributes of startups, extensively studying their main characteristics. The analysis shows that most startups need more historical data and financial information to forecast future trends. Moreover, they stand out for companies with operating losses and high operational risk. Nevertheless, on the other hand, they are ventures with high potential growth and upside. Startups heavily rely on equity financing as opposed to traditional debt financing. This thesis also shows numerous examples and references, the shortcomings of some traditional valuation methods, and analyses the quality of alternative non-traditional methods. The case study extensively studies the company and industry of Bumble Inc., Showing that the Online Dating industry is very competitive and depends highly on marketing and selling expenditures. However, Bumble, the second most significant player worldwide, is well positioned in the market, using a disruptive methodology in its networking app. The main risks that the company faces are competitive risks, privacy and security risk, and reputational risk. Lastly, the case study also assesses Bumble Inc.'s share price using the valuation methods examined in the first part of the paper. While most valuation methods produce a range of values in line with the market, some non-traditional valuation methods could be more accurate due to the substantial size of Bumble Inc. compared to most startups. The outcome of the case study values Bumble Inc. between $20 to $25 per share, implying that the company may be undervalued at the moment, with a current share price of $17.8

Distributed data processing pipelines allow businesses to reduce the time needed to get models in production, fostering accelerated innovation and breakthroughs in many fields. Monitoring is crucial for ensuring the health and optimal performance of these systems. This thesis aims to provide a blueprint for designing a monitoring system for distributed data processing systems, specifically targeting the ECiDA platform, which facilitates the design and deployment of such pipelines. A literature and documentation review was done to define how these systems should be monitored. Then, a software architecture for the monitoring system was defined and, by reviewing and comparing available open-source tools, a possible implementation of the defined architecture was proposed. It has been observed that monitoring is highly dependent on the specific use case, problem nature, data format, and model type, among other factors. However, the proposed architecture can serve as a foundation for developing a monitoring system for systems like ECiDA, with minor implementation details varying based on each specific problem and context

Start-ups have been on the mouth of everyone in the financial industry since some disruptive business entered into our life with fresh ideas and a way of doing things differently. We are of course talking about Facebook, Instagram, Glovo, Uber, etc. This paper will focus on how to value a start-up. But, first of all, what is a start-up? Start-ups are not only unique because of a magnificent (or not?) idea coming from their founders, but because of their financial performance. Start-ups are fast growing companies with a high risk of default. This fact, makes them very difficult to value with traditional methods which are thought for mature companies having more or less predictable cash flows. In addition, by their nature of exponential growth, it is very important to know at which stage a start-up is (early-stage or pre-IPO?) in order to assess the risk associated with the investment. Once the nature of start-ups has been completely understood, we must define which valuation methods exist and when to use them. Traditional valuation methods (such as DCF or relative valuations) can be very useful for mature companies. However, some newly adopted methods by the Venture Capital industry have been defined in Section 2. Finally, at the end of this paper, an analysis and valuation of Typeform has been conducted – taking as a reference the Series C raised in March 2022. Founded in Barcelona, and co-based in Barcelona and California, Typeform has disrupted the online forms and questionnaires. In addition, the company is on the Top 3 candidates to IPO as an unicorn in the following 1-2 years. 4 Finally and to conclude, some final valuation conclusions have been presented and a brief description of what to expect from 2023. Given the last 3 years, where the market had an excess of liquidity, it is important to understand that the market is now more cautious and waiting for the macroeconomic environment to calm down a little bit. Examples of companies that have failed in their I

During the last years, a lot of complaints have been received about the primary care centers (CAPs) telephone system. The old Alcatel OXO system was obsolete and didn't allow an upgrade. Thanks to the need of improving the telephone network management, a new architecture has been proposed, which consists in integrating all the individual CAP PBX in one single virtual node. By centralizing the nodes and routing the public calls of the smaller centers through the bigger ones via ISDN PRI lines using VoIP technology, more public channels are available for patient calls, while a close monitoring and reporting can be also be done to keep track of the user needs. After negotiating contracts with the collaborating partners, project starts to be deployed by phases, not without unforeseen situations like COVID-19, which delayed the end date of the project. By realizing then how important was the implementation of this new architecture, more facilities have been given, leading to the completion of the project. At the same time, additional features have been implemented in order to get one step closer to the Unified Communications systems., En los últimos años, se han recibido muchas quejas sobre el sistema telefónico de los centros de atención primaria (CAP). El antiguo sistema Alcatel OXO estaba obsoleto y no permitía una actualización. Gracias a la necesidad de mejorar la gestión de la red telefónica, se ha propuesto una nueva arquitectura que consiste en integrar todas las centralitas telefónicas individuales de los CAP en un único nodo virtual. Al centralizar los nodos y enrutar las llamadas públicas de los centros más pequeños a través de los más grandes mediante líneas ISDN PRI utilizando tecnología VoIP, se disponen de más canales públicos para las llamadas de los pacientes, al mismo tiempo que se puede realizar un seguimiento cercano y generar informes para satisfacer las necesidades de los usuarios. Después de negociar contratos con los colaboradores, el proyecto comienza a implementarse por fases, no sin situaciones imprevistas como la COVID-19, que retrasó la fecha de finalización del proyecto. Al darse cuenta entonces de la importancia de implementar esta nueva arquitectura, se han proporcionado más facilidades, lo que ha llevado a la finalización del proyecto. Al mismo tiempo, se han implementado características adicionales para acercarse más a los sistemas de Comunicaciones Unificadas., Durant els últims anys, s'han rebut moltes queixes sobre el sistema telefònic dels centres d'atenció primària (CAPs). El vell sistema Alcatel OXO era obsolet i no permetia una actualització. Gràcies a la necessitat de millorar la gestió de la xarxa telefònica, s'ha proposat una nova arquitectura que consisteix en integrar tots els sistemes PBX individuals dels CAP en un únic node virtual. Mitjançant la centralització dels nodes i el rutatge de les trucades públiques dels centres més petits a través dels més grans mitjançant línies ISDN PRI utilitzant tecnologia VoIP, es disposa de més canals públics per a les trucades dels pacients, alhora que es realitza un seguiment i informe proper de les necessitats dels usuaris. Després de negociar contractes amb els col·laboradors, el projecte comença a implementar-se per etapes, no sense situacions imprevistes com la pandèmia de la COVID-19, que va retardar la data de finalització del projecte. En adonar-se de la importància de la implementació d'aquesta nova arquitectura, s'han proporcionat més facilitats, la qual cosa ha portat a la finalització del projecte. Al mateix temps, s'han implementat característiques addicionals per acostar-se un pas més als sistemes de Comunicacions Unificades.

In this thesis adaptive sliding mode controllers for a motion system are designed and evaluated. These controllers are capable of adjusting itself in order to reject disturbances and unknown dynamics of the system while maintaining the desired accuracy. A mathematical model of a single-axis positioning system is used as the reference motion system. The adaptive controllers are designed using the adaptive gain technique as well as the time-varying sliding surface one. The controllers are simulated in different test scenarios with changing disturbances and reference signals. Its performance is evaluated and compared with conventional controllers used in these kind of systems. The results show great adaptation capabilities for both techniques and outperform the conventional controller

The escalating energy demand and limited space for bottom-fixed offshore wind farm projects require the acceleration of floating offshore wind projects. In this master thesis, the original model for bottom-fixed offshore wind farms is extended to floating offshore wind farms. The objective is to provide a tool that estimates a floating wind farm’s potential production and cost based on easily accessible input parameters. Firstly, in the production model, a calibration of the wake parameter is implemented. It is obtained from calculating production at different locations inside a basic equally-spaced square layout of wind turbines using the Fuga wake. This calibrated version is tested and compared with the original implementation on a PyWake-compatible experimental setup. This last one implies the derivation of the area of the wind farm with the wind turbine layout and the extraction of a wind climate from the Global Wind Atlas for six real bottom-fixed wind farms. The results include a comparison with other PyWake models and demonstrate an improved estimation accuracy with the Fuga-calibrated version of the ”Minimalistic” model. Secondly, on to the global Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operational Expenditure (OPEX) analysis, a comprehensive breakdown of the different components of a floating wind farm is conducted. The dependencies between cost and the input parameters of the model are derived. Specifically, the reliance on turbines, transmission systems, anchors, and installation costs on input variables are identified and supported by an extensive liter- ature review. The floating platform cost is evaluated by multiplying the estimated platform weight by the material cost. At the same time, a similar approach is used to estimate the mooring line cost by multiplying the estimated length of a catenary mooring line by the cost of the chain. Through a CAPEX breakdown, the significant influence of wind turbine and floating platform costs on the total project cost is

The objective of this report is to determine whether nuclear energy generation activities can be regarded as environmentally sustainable or not. To do so it is performed a bibliographic comparison using a report from the Joint Research Center, a review from the Scientific Commit- tee on Health, Environmental and Emerging Risks, and other relevant studies. This comparison results in serious criticism towards the Joint Research Center conclusions, which accept nuclear activities’ environmental performance. The main result of the present report is to conclude that these activities can be considered useful as transitional but not fully environmentally sustain- able, L’objectiu d’aquesta memòria és determinar si les activitiats nuclears de generació d’energia poden ser considerades ambientalment sostenibles o no. Per lograr-ho, es du a terme una comparació bilbiogràfica utilitzant un informe del Centre Comú d’Investigació, una revisió del Comité Científic sobre Salut, Ambient i Riscs Emergents, junt amb altres estudis relevants. Aquesta comparació resulta en important crítica a les conclusions del Centre Comú d’Investigació, que accepten el rendiment ambiental de les activitats nuclears. El principal resultat de la present memòria és la conclusió de que aquestes activitats poden ser considerades útils com a transi- cionals, però no com a totalment sostenibles ambientalment, El objetivo de esta memoria es la determinación de si las actividades nucleares de gen- eración de energía pueden ser consideradas ambientalmente sostenibles o no. Para lograrlo, se lleva a cabo una comparación bilbiográfica utilizando un informe del Centro Común de In- vestigación, una revisión del Comité Científico sobre Salud, Medioambiente y Riesgos Emer- gentes, junto a otros estudios relevantes. Esta comparación resulta en importante crítica a las conclusiones del Centro Común de Investigación, que aceptan el rendimiento ambiental de las actividades nucleares. El principal resultado de la presente memoria es la conclusión de que estas actividades pueden ser consideradas útiles como transicionales, pero no como totalmente sostenibles medioambientalmente

This master’s thesis focuses on the development and evaluation of smart charging strategies for electric vehicles (EVs) in workplace settings. The objective is to optimize the charging process and support the integration of EVs into the energy system. The thesis begins by analyzing real-world EV charging data from workplace charging stations, which provides insights into charging patterns and user behavior. These patterns are then used to design and test various smart charging strategies that utilize renewable resources and minimize costs. The simulations and evaluations are conducted in a specific reference location, a school on the island of Bornholm, Denmark, which has an existing photovoltaic installation. The charging strategies are divided into unidirectional models that incorporate two charging sources, a photovoltaic installation and the power grid, and a bi-directional smart charging model that also enables direct charging between EVs. The results of the simulations reveal several important findings. Workplace charging stations experience high charging activity in the early morning hours, followed by a more consistent pattern throughout the day. The most common charging power level is found to be 3.7 kW, and idle times of 4-8 hours are prevalent, indicating opportunities for the implementation of smart charging strategies. The performance of the charging strategies is evaluated under different scenarios, considering factors such as the price profile of the day-ahead market and the availability of renewable resources. The simulations demonstrate that no single strategy is optimal for all situations. The bidirectional vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) strategy becomes attractive in scenarios with strong cannibalization of renewable energies, allowing for energy transfer between vehicles during expensive hours. Strategy 3, which effectively utilizes abundant solar resources and prioritizes charging based on vehicle urgency irrespective of power prices, demonstrates exc

This thesis explores the role of opportunity identification in corporate entrepreneurship within today’s dynamic business landscape. It highlights the use of crossfunctional teams as a strategy for improving opportunity identification. The thesis presents a case study of Svitzer, a maritime company, to illustrate the implementation of a new strategy. The case study revolves around a Discovery Sprint, designed following a practitioneroriented book, aimed at finding new opportunities for Svitzer to grow. It emphasizes the challenges faced during the opportunity identification process and provides recommendations on how to engage in a Discovery Sprint. The research aims to provide practical insights on the opportunity identification process within a company environment

This project here being presented is a masters’ final thesis for Industrial Engineering; it is the last step before finishing the studies and entering the job market. The goal in this project is to synthesis some of the most important knowledge and abilities obtained throughout the years of academic study of the industrial engineering sector. Those would be numerical and written abilities, understanding of a problem and exposition of a solution. In this project the focus is to get to understand the energy and electrical system of a developing country like the Philippines, to gather data about its power industry and how is it distributed. After that, it is intended to make use of statistical tools and analysis to understand historical data and be able to create a model that predicts future outcomes, in this case, electrical consumption. Finally, the last step is to propose an engineering plan of renewable energy infrastructure that can supply that calculated amount of electricity. It must be admitted that this project was thought to be about Taiwan but because of its peculiar political circumstances, most international data organizations lack detailed information about Taiwan’s state. In addition, when I had the opportunity to travel to the Philippines it became so clear how enormous of an economic, demographic and industrial potential this country has. That leads to think about opportunities for investment in energy infrastructure. Emphasizing the significance of investing in renewable energy sources cannot be overstated, as it holds the key to a more sustainable and eco-friendly future. Shifting away from traditional fossil fuels and embracing renewable energy technologies offers a viable solution to combat pressing environmental challenges, including climate change and air pollution. Solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and biomass energy sources offer a plethora of benefits, providing a cleaner and practically unlimited energy supply. By reducing greenhouse gas emissi

Europe faces two intertwined challenges of critical importance: the urgent need to combat climate change and the complex geopolitical landscape, particularly concerning Russia. Climate change poses a severe threat, demanding immediate and concerted action. European countries have been at the forefront of climate change mitigation efforts, implementing ambitious emission reduction targets and promoting sustainable practices. However, addressing climate change requires comprehensive approaches that transcend domestic initiatives. Simultaneously, Europe's energy landscape is closely tied to geopolitics, with concerns surrounding energy security and dependence on Russian energy imports. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has profoundly affected global energy markets. Price volatility, supply shortages, security issues, and economic uncertainty have contributed to what the International Energy Agency (IEA) calls “the first truly global energy crisis, with impacts that will be felt for years to come.” This paper examines the potential of renewable energy sources and a new power market to tackle climate change and reduce Europe's vulnerability to geopolitical pressures. We seek to provide insights and recommendations for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and civil society by analyzing policies, market dynamics, technological advancements, and potential collaborations

Both finance experts and scholars have always had difficulty predicting the success of a business initiative. It is possible for different market agents and public entities to better focus their investment efforts if they are able to develop and validate predictive models of these companies' success or failure - and, consequently, of the investments made - in the various industries on which they base their activity as well as on the technologies on which they base their solutions. Starting from data gathered from the Crunchbase database and the clear definition of certain states of business success, the filtering, classification and segmentation of mentioned data, a statistical evaluation of those most thriving industrial sectors and fields of technological exploitation is carried out. The double segmentation and double classification of all the startups in the sample offers a varied and precise source of information as well as endless possibilities in terms of future lines of research