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Explores the negative impact of the international law on the development of the United States foreign policy. Danger of legalism; View of the author regarding the difference between domestic and international life; Notions of legality and illegality in the American foreign policy; Analysis of the American policy in Panama and Nicaragua; Implication of the opening of the United States-Palestine Liberation Organization dialogue for the American foreign policy; Weaknesses of the World Court; View of the author regarding the consequences of allowing policy to be driven by legal formulas rather than by national purpose.

Comments on the leadership United Nations Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali. Federalist dream of a supranational technocracy run by statement who stand outside of national loyalties; Boutros-Ghali's status in Egypt as an insider by class and an outsider by ethnicity; Views suggesting that Boutros-Ghali's status as an ethnic outsider made him a useful instrument for Egyptian President Anwar Sadat in pursuing peace with Israel; Opposition of the administration of former U.S. President George Bush to Boutros-Gali.

Focuses on the principles that should guide the United States in intervention abroad. Claim that former secretary of state Henry Kissinger's preference for foreign policy is not based on ideology but balance of power; Debate over the national security strategy of the U.S.; View that both hyper-realism and neo-Wilsonianism are, by themselves, wrong and inadequate as the basis for any future U.S. foreign policy; Implications of Kissinger's realism for foreign policy of the U.S.; Concern of Kissinger over the threat to the U.S. posed by Japan.

Reports that Iraq, Libya and Israel are test cases of U.S. President George Bush's 1992 Middle East policy and the new world order. Plan to remove the governments in those countries; Resolution of the Arab-Israeli conflict; Role of the administration of U.S. President George Bush in the Arab-Israeli peace process; Sanctions laid down on Libya by the U.S.; Withdrawal of the loan guarantees made earlier to the Israeli government by the U.S.; Statement that the new world order points to a significant change in U.S. Middle East policy, despite an apparent continuity of American interests in the region; Policy of the U.S. towards the Gulf War.

Discusses how United States President George Bush' government helped Iraq president Saddam Hussein before diplomatic relations between the countries ended. Financial aid provided by the United States to Iraq; View that the State Department and the National Security Council encouraged American companies to sell dual-use technology to Saddam that helped advance his intercontinental missile plans; Allegations that the U.S. government under the administrations of former president Ronald Reagan and Bush fed Iraq with U.S. intelligence secrets; Criticism against the Bush government for not acting immediately over Hussein's threats against his neighbor countries.

Discusses the U.S. intervention in internal affairs of Iraq. Announcement of aims beyond the retaking of Kuwait by the United Nations and President George Bush; Description of the United Nation's Resolution 688, which condemns Iraq's handling of the rebels; Broadcast by the President of his invitation to the Iraqi dissidents.

Examines U.S. President George Bush's so-called plan for New World Order (NWO) after the successful conclusion of the Persian Gulf War. Benefits from the NWO, according to the administration; Fear by many Americans that the U.S. will be the world's policeman; View by many foreigners that it will be a post-cold-war American grab for hegemony; Role of the Soviet Union in the NWO; Possible pitfalls in Bush's NWO plan which is comparable to the Truman and Eisenhower administrations' actions after World War II.

Examines the ways in which United States President George Bush uses foreign policy as his most effective weapon in domestic politics. Three meetings between Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and representative groups that worked to Bush's political advantage; Compares Bush with his predecessor, Ronald Reagan.

Discusses the special circumstances that justified U.S. President George Bush's decision to invade Panama. Particular danger that Panama President Manuel Noriega was posing to Americans; Treaties requiring the Panama Canal to be turned over to Panamian authority; Role of the U.S. in inadvertently putting Noriega on the road to power; Despotism of the Noriega regime; Questions of what to do with Noriega; Panamanian justice system; Issue of sovereignty.

This article comments on the continued presence of vigilante groups in many regions of the Philippines. It discusses the implications of the vigilante groups for the counterinsurgency policy of the military, the other sources of dispute between the military and the civilian government, and the impact of the issue on the relations of the Philippines with the U.S.

Focuses on Soviet leader Boris Yeltsin's United States trip and its sponsor Esalen, a personal-awareness mecca in Big-Sur, California. Places visited by Yeltsin; Criticisms against the Yeltsin visit; Background on Esalen which played a major role in popularizing Gestalt therapy, encounter groups, rolfing and tai chi; Esalen's sponsorship of such trips through its San Francisco, California-based Soviet-American Exchange Program; Aim of the program to spread alternative peacemaking; Esalen's pioneering "space bridges," video conferences between people in the U.S. and the Soviet Union; Troubling possibilities of Yeltsin's visit.

Addresses issues concerning the diplomatic relations of the U.S. government with the Soviet Union and other communist countries. Assertion of the author that the U.S. government should further encourage the transition of Communist countries towards capitalism; Foreign relations of the U.S. government with the Soviet Union; Ways in which the U.S. government could promote the democratization of totalitarian societies.

Analyzes the rift in U.S. Presidential candidate Bill Clinton's Democratic Party over foreign policy. Reasons why the two objectives of promoting democracy abroad and working through international institutions are not always compatible; Tension between ideals and allies existing in Asia; Rift caused in the situation when economic brain trust gets its hands on diplomatic niceties; Inclination shown by liberals to accelerate a process of demobilization that is already under way; Significance of the view of the military as a pilot project for various desirable domestic programs.

Discusses U.S. Republican Paul Tsongas' foreign policy record. Inclination of Tsongas towards tax cuts to help the U.S. corporations; Reluctance of Tsongas to use presidential power against foreign powers in geoeconomics; Advocacy of Tsongas for corporate subsidies; Opposition of Tsongas to President Ronald Reagan's Central American policy; Opinion of Tsongas about the anti-American regimes of the U.S. in Cuba, Nicaragua, Vietnam and Iran.

Focuses on the relationship between the United States and several Middle East countries. Factors influencing the countries' relations; Reasons behind the importance given by U.S. President George Bush to Middle East over Japan despite the latter's significance on U.S. trade; Reasons for the interest of Bush in the political conditions of Middle East countries; Statement that the Middle East was certainly the most active arena of the U.S.-Soviet struggle; Benefits of the oil supplies of Iraq for the U.S.; Promise of Bush to support for Iraq's military chiefs if they would only give him his personal victory by getting rid of dictator Saddam Hussein; Statement that Bush relied on personal contacts in conducting foreign policy; Political problems faced by Israel.

Focuses on the foreign policy of the United States towards Yugoslavia. Allegation that U.S. Secretary of State James Baker has contributed to the civil war in Yugoslavia; Failure of the U.S. to handle the Yugoslav crisis in the post-cold war world; Information that the main factor in the administration's mishandling of Yugoslavia was its devotion to geopolitical "stability" at the expense of democratic values and human rights; Political situation in Yugoslavia which triggered the civil war; Failure of the American policymakers to distinguish between democratic and undemocratic nationalism; Misconception of Deputy Secretary of State Lawrence Eagleburger, that ethnic hatred has given rise to the war in Yugoslavia.

Analyzes United States President George H.W. Bush's concept of the presidency, based on his actions and pronouncements leading up to his campaign for reelection. Author's description of Bush' idea of the executive as imperial half-presidency; Indulgence in rhetoric that claimed federal power could do little to solve national problems; Bush's reliance on major foreign events to intervene in his domestic inertia; Campaign strategy of proffering claims of good faith in his handling of domestic affairs.

Assesses the impact of the Persian Gulf War on the United States Democratic Party. Advantages provided by the result of the war for the Republicans; Conflict within the Democratic Party over domestic problems; Failure of the Democrats to learn from the Gulf War about their basic political liabilities; Democratic Party's goal of shifting the public's focus to domestic issues; Strategy of portraying President George Bush as being attentive to foreign policy but negligent of domestic concerns; Two schools of thought in the Democratic Party for a domestic agenda.

Comments on the debate over the war against Iraq. Argument that the American government should not limit its objectives to dislodging the Iraqis from Kuwait, or limit its means to air power; Use of the country's air superiority to keep the Iraqis pinned won in Kuwait to secure the overturning of the Baathist regime in Baghdad and central Iraq; Liberal support for the use of force against an actively expansionary regime that has all the hallmarks of totalitarianism.

Explores the positive consequences of the 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union. Emergence of a fascist state; Effort of Russian official Sergei Kiriyenko to work with the World Bank and the International Finance Corp. to urge for local autonomy, restructure agriculture and industry and to privatize housing; Benefits of the U.S. from the disintegration of the Soviet Union.

Criticizes President George Bush's passive response to Lithuania's efforts toward independence. Three suggested reasons for Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev's refusal to grant independence to the Baltics at the present time; Why the West appears to have accepted his policy; Call upon Bush and other top Western leaders to exert pressure on Gorbachev to change his policy.

Comments on the eagerness of the United States President George H.W. Bush Administration to achieve the first-ever face-to-face official peace dialogue between Israelis and Palestinians. Implication of the administration's effort on Bush's re-election bid; Reason behind the Israel government's refusal to talk to the Palestine Liberation Organization; Background on a crisis within Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir's Likud party which would affect the peace negotiations.

Focuses on the decision of United States President George Bush not to get involved in the transfer of power in Poland. Bush's effort to maintain a low profile to prevent making the change seem more threatening to the Soviet Union; Amount of aid pledged by the U.S. to Poland for the latter's economic recovery programs; Economic and political interests of the U.S. in Poland; Suggestion that Poland has become the showcase of U.S. experimentation in Eastern Europe.

Highlights the sister-city relationships between Nicaragua and the United States. Overview of political status of Nicaragua; Aid provided by the U.S. to Nicaragua; Election of Arnoldo Aleman as a mayor of Managua; Argument pertaining to the increasing irreverence of the national government, whether Sandinista or United Nations Organization, to the grass -roots exchanges between North Americans and Nicaraguans.

Focuses on views expressed by former president Richard Nixon regarding U.S. President George Bush's foreign policy towards Russian government of Boris Yeltsin. Aspects of the incumbent government's foreign policy criticized by Nixon; Views that Nixon also advised similar policy towards Russia in his opinion expressed in the periodical "Time"; Similarity between attitude of Nixon and Bush towards those who overcommitted themselves to Mikhail Gorbachev; Effort of William Safire, the former Nixon phrase-maker and a "Times" columnist, to laud Nixon; Discussion about the importance given by various periodicals to the story.

Presents a brief on U.S. President George Bush's trip to Japan. Arrival ceremonies at Tokyo Airport; Description of the drive going to Bush's official residence; Recreational activities prepared for the President and his party; Visit of Bush to government officer and places of business; Argument pertaining to Bush's official meetings with Japanese political leaders; Comments of Bush on Japanese cuisine.

Asserts that the importance of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has diminished after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Control exerted by the U.S. over NATO; Need of the European countries to support the NATO and depend on the U.S. during the Cold War years; Efforts of European countries to assert their military independence from the U.S. after the Cold War; Reluctance of the U.S. to let go of its influence over the Europeans.

Argues that, contrary to popular opinion, United States President George H.W. Bush's conduct of foreign policy lacks professionalism and vision. His misjudgment of the changes in the Soviet Union after the cold war; Error of making Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev the center of American diplomacy; Failure of the Gulf War to remove Saddam Hussein from power; Plight of the Kurds in Iraq; Pressuring Israel into concessions before a peace conference is convened; Policy in Europe and in relation to the European Community.

Argues that the United States and other Western countries should refrain from giving the economic aid being sought by Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev until a democratic government is in place. Argument that Gorbachev has political constraints which prevent him from making the sweeping changes required in economic policy; Hope from the upcoming Russian elections; Ability of such democratic republics to ask for aid for democracy, and mean it.

Criticizes the U.S. policy of appeasing Syria and helping it virtually annex Lebanon. Participation of Syria in the anti-Iraq coalition during the Persian Gulf War because the Iraqi Ba'ath and the Syrian Ba'ath have long been vying with each other to dominate the region; Failure to consider the sins Syria committed against the American people in the past; Secretary of State James Baker and President George Bush's plan to convince Israel to give up the Golan Heights; Decision of the U.S. government to insist on a U.N. presence at Arab-Israeli peace talks; Author's claim that the appeasement of Syria will probably fail on its own terms.

Focuses on the interference of the U.S. in the internal affairs of Iraq with reference to the destruction of Iraq's military and urban infrastructure. Decision by President George Bush that it would be unwise to interfere in the internal affairs of Iraq; Efforts of the Bush's administration in helping the Kurds and Shiites who were desperately running from Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein's advancing armies; Emphasis on the humanitarian relief provided by the U.S.

Argues that Iraqi President Saddam Hussein's conduct of the war has been very sound. Strategy of killing appreciable numbers of Americans and surviving physically; Goal of retaining his heroic reputation established by stalwart resistance to American threats and American firepower; Author's observation that the buildup of American and allied ground forces in the Gulf region was actually an opportunity for Hussein who lacked any real offensive means; Criticism against U.S. strategy.

Examines U.S. President George Bush's so-called plan for New World Order (NWO) after the successful conclusion of the Persian Gulf War. Phrase developed by Brent Scowcroft, Bush's national security adviser; Concept of collective security; Defeat of Iraqi President Saddam Hussein as a deterrent to other potential aggressors; Idea that this collective security is actually unilateral American action with a multilateral cover; Moral issue in the Gulf War and the NWO; Bush's debate with Edmund Browning, the presiding bishop of Bush's church, the Episcopal Church.

Comments on issues pertaining to politics and government in the United States. Irony in the fact that those who argued for delaying the war against Iraq for as long as possible are now complaining that it isn't ending fast enough; Obstacles to ending the Gulf war; Sunnites' power throughout the Arab world; Efforts to maintain a Gulf balance of power; U.S. Secretary of State James Baker's record of compromising President Bush's war policies.

Comments on United States President George Bush's policy on Iraq, and the political issues surrounding the Gulf war. Bush's attempt to lead the country into the "next American century," as he put it in his State of the Union; Statement issued by White house Press Secretary Marlin Fitzwater that the Bush administration does not believe that the Gulf conflict is a partisan issue; Moral issues concerning the Gulf war; Optimism of the Bush administration that the U.S. will win the war, creating a "New World Order".

Examines the potential aftermath of a successful U.S. campaign against Iraqi President Saddam Hussein. Professor Edward Said of Columbia University's description of the status of the Arab politics, in his January 11 article on "The New York Times"; Bankruptcy of the Arab political order; Possible consequences is Iraq were to be destroyed; Neighboring countries' concern over the future of the Iraqi state and its territorial integrity; Change of regime rather than of borders.

Reports on political and social developments in the United States. Political skills shown by the Democrats in the U.S. Congress as the country prepares for war abroad and suffers an economic recession at home; Establishment of the Marie Syrkin Fellowship in Letters in Jerusalem in memory of the late poet, essayist, teacher and Zionist leader Marie Syrkin; Career achievements of John B. Judis, a contributing editor of the magazine; Heritage Foundation's report advocating that the U.S. re-establish military ties with China.

Examines the U.S. government's role in Iraqi President Saddam Hussein's biological weapons program. Description of Hussein's biological facilities in the town of Salman Pak; Indication of the Iraqi biological weapons program in the accelerated pace of development of the country's pharmaceutical sector; Highlights of a report on Iraq's chemical and biological programs by W. Seth Carus of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy; U.S. State Department's investigation of the American Type Culture Collection's tularemia sales to Iraq.

Focuses on the implications of the military bases of the U.S. in the Philippines. Conspiracy scenarios between the U.S. and the Philippines; Presence of U.S. forces on the Philippine soil; Decline of the importance of the military bases; Strategic arguments of the military bases; Reasons for the establishment of these bases in the Philippines; Interest of the U.S. in the political culture of the Philippines; History of relations between the U.S. and the Philippines; Statement that the bases are seen as an affront to Philippine sovereignty; Denial of the Philippine politicians that the bases protect them from foreign invaders; Economic arguments of the U.S. for the retention of bases; Statement that Philippines want the bases to be out by next year.

Reports on recent development in the U.S. politics and government. Rebuff over Secretary of State James Baker's claim that the visit by Assistant Secretary of State Lawrence Eagleburger and national security adviser Brent Scowcroft was the first time that high-level U.S. officials go to China; Republican national chairman Lee Atwater's demand for a Washington, D.C. gym to replace its usual piped-in aerobic disco music with tapes of his own jam sessions with B.B. King and Isaac Hayes.

Comments on various socio-economic and political developments. Lessons that can be learned from the death of fiction writer Samuel Beckett, New York Yankees manager Billy Martin, and the couple Nicolae and Elena Ceausescu; Glimpse of Panama and America from a home-movie footage taken in 1950s; U.S. invasion of Panama; Manifestation of Soviet Union's perestroika in the staging of an exhibit of poor quality goods in Moscow.

Comments on the dramatic flip-flop performed by many American supporters of Israel on the subject of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and its leader Yasir Arafat. Legendary examples of intellectual flexibility; Analogy between the Rabin-Arafat Pact and the Hitler-Stalin Pact; Argument that Arafat, like Germany's Adolf Hitler, is not to be trusted; United States' shifting views about the link of Arafat and the PLO to terrorism; Israeli government's judgment about when the potential advantages of legitimizing the PLO; Dramatic opportunities for flip-flops being offered by the post-cold war world.

Reports that Iraqi President Saddam Hussein is committing genocide against the Shiites. Reluctance of journalists to cover events in Southern Iraq; Argument pertaining to the negotiation of the U.S. with Saddam over details of U.N. inspection; Consequences of the Persian Gulf War on Middle East politics.

Comments on the Persian Gulf war. Media coverage of the war; Estimated number of Iraqi casualties; Assertion that all human behavior is determined jointly by genes and environment beginning nine months before birth; Moral and ethical issues relating to war; Need to give some moral values to the enemies of the United States; Author's support for a military strategy that would involve a few days of air strikes setting back Iraq's nuclear and chemical arms program.

Presents information related to the U.S. practical politics. Failure of politician Lyndon LaRouche to win the Virginia congressional seat; Description of political career of LaRouche; Information on the news piece by reporter Thomas Friedman, on the State Department; Opinion of Secretary of State James Baker on the White House Gulf policy; Discussion on the U.S. foreign policy.