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The article focuses on the plan to license the "Aero-Hydro" paper process developed by engineer H. Scherbak to American paper manufacturers. It states that Russia and Germany have the exclusive rights on the process because Scherbak communicated with the countries for the manufacture of the process. It says that changes which would suit the process in paper machines are inexpensive. It adds that resistance to acids can be added to the process if it will be changed into the manufacture line.

Presents information about Combustion Engineering Inc. Victim of the culture gap in Soviet-Western alliances; Disputes over money, management, and manufacturing; Information about a joint venture to assemble badly needed process controls for Soviet refineries; Discussion on the biggest problem confronting all the ventures in Soviets and Westerners.

The article reports on the status of international trade relations among the U.S., Russia and Germany. Russian purchasing of U.S. products have declined by 55 percent, while Russian sales in the U.S. dropped by 34 percent. Germany has notified local manufacturers that it is unable to continue the country's 70 percent export guaranty scheme for the Russian order. Despite the internal financial problems of Germany, the Reichsbank decided to rediscount Soviet paper up to 36 million U.S. dollars.

This section offers news briefs related to businesses outside the U.S. as of September 1937. Exporters in Germany fear drastic decline in their performance since an outbreak of hostilities in Shanghai, China was reported. Businesses in London, England expect an improvement in their income despite the increased materials costs during the year. The Russian government launched a program which aims to promote the daily production of several commodities like coal, steel and oil.

The article reports that the Russian government has decided to establish a fix rate for the exchange of foreign currencies with the paper ruble.

The article reports on European nations' trade relations with Russia as of March 1931. Germany's reciprocal trading with Russia, the government guarantees from Norway and Italy, and Soviet-Czech trade involving steel and metals are discussed. Jugoslavia reportedly refuses to do business with Russia and only horses were ordered from Hungary. The article describes the growing transactions of Russia with the governments of Greece and Egypt.

The article reports that German banks have offered a credit of 12 million U.S. dollars to the Soviet Union in an effort strengthen political relations and alleviate its maturing debt payments. Observers note that pending a cancellation of the Versailles Treaty, Germany will pursue both commercial and political means to acknowledge mutual interest with Russia. France has also expressed a renewal of ties with Russia in terms of a trade treaty that will neutralize Germany's attempts to maintain Soviet relations.

The article reports on the U.S. scientists who fear that the government's decision and effort to block the key U.S. technology to the Soviet Union threatens to hurt the technology development in the U.S. It states that the U.S. scientists are worried that tighter hold on exchange of information will hamper free exchange of ideas that could hamper technology development. It reports on the U.S. industry executives who state the government's push for secrecy is hampering research laboratories.

The article reports on the developments during the meeting of the League of Nations held in Geneva, Switzerland in 1931. Among the developments during the opening of the meeting include the proposed world anti-dumping convention by Russia, as well as the move by Austria and Germany to present their economic Anschluss scheme to the World Court for decision. Russia's plan was pursued by foreign minister Maxim Litvinoff.

The article presents a report from the Soviet State Planning Commission for the Soviet Union's Five-Year Plan from 1946-1950, which aims to rebuild and push production to 1940 levels and beyond, which revealed that twelve industrial ministries achieved its production goals in Soviet Union. It states that the Ministry of Meat & Dairy Products with 110% and the Ministry of Cellulose & Paper rated 109% both exceeded the targets. Moreover, consumer goods output exceeded 1945 level by 20%.

The article focuses on the Soviet's Fourth Five-Year Plan, 1946-1951, aimed at producing about 82 billion kilowatt hour of electricity in power stations.

The article presents information related to the appeal of banning the use of atom bombs for luring businessmen in response to make profitable trade with the vast markets of the Soviet Union. It refers to the Moscow economic conference about new dollars crises and worldwide recession during 1952. It mentions about the real trade agreements for breaking down the strategic embargo. However it speculates that the Soviet trade may lose its steam for not delivering the promised flood of materials.

The article discusses the highlights of the biannual Paris International Air Show in France in June 1965. After denying repeated requests to participate in the show in the past, the Soviet Union has exhibited the An-22, a four-turboprop cargo aircraft weighing 250 tons, six commercial transports painted in the colors of the Soviet airline Aeroflot and three civil helicopters. Though U.S. participation and exhibits still remain the bulk of the show, there are no space vehicles on display.

The article discusses the efforts of the Soviet scientists to transform automation theory into production-line knowhow. In the Soviet steel industry, the partially automated Red Proletarian Machine Tool Plant mass-produces 1,000 lathes per month. There is also a rapid buildup of special automation application institutes connected directly to Soviet planning bodies at the regional level. The impact of such developments on U.S. businessmen is noted.

The article discusses the highlights of the annual convention of the American Association for the Advancement of Science that was held in Washington. The event was participated by 5,000 members of the association. The scientists admitted that Russian scientists are just as far advanced as them in many fields. Experts also discussed various issues on the technical side, including bringing satellites back to earth.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including "A Tougher Team in the Kremlin" in the February 12, 1955 issue, "Newspapers: Lagging Downtown, New Life in the Suburbs" in the February 5, 1955 issue, and "Russian Industry: An Inelegant and Single-Minded Giant" in the January 29, 1955 issue.

The article focuses on the economic and political conditions of Russia. It states that the takeover of Communism in Russia is considered to affect the country in terms of politics and economy. It says that the new political leaders such as Prime Minister Aleksei Kosygin are having economic pressure regarding the adoption of capitalistic approaches for the economy. It adds that the Russians are eager to have productive economy, however; they were blocked from the actions leading to capitalism.

The article reports on the international economic relation between Finland and the Soviet Union. Finnish President Urho Kekkonen announces that the Russians have agreed to buy more than 400 million dollars worth of Finnish machinery, textiles, and dairy products annually for an indefinite period. In additions, Russians offer to negotiate 10 or 12 unidentified projects that could produce additional millions of dollars in exports for Finland.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including "Pheasant shoot: Flushing dollars with birds" in the November 3, 1962 issue, "Russia aims to rule the sea" in the November 10, 1962 issue, and "No rush for export insurance" in the November 17, 1962 issue.

The article discusses the expansion of Soviet travel organization Intourist's services in preparation for the expected tourism increase in Soviet Union. It says that an estimate of about 60,000 Americans would visit the country in 1972 wherein Moscow officials project that the figure would be tripled in 1975 if the political condition remains favorable. Intourist expand its travel services beyond the standard 44.40 dollars per-day package including private car, room, and English-speaking guide.

The article reports that New Rochelle, New York investor Elizabeth R. Weilamann has sued Chase Manhattan Bank as a depositary for Soviet Funds in the U.S. in 1957. Weilamann seeks to recover payment for defaulted notes issued by the Soviet government in the 1930s. Chase Manhattan has not yet indicated their answer to the action and New York attorneys for the Russian government have not yet taken any action.

This article warns that sturgeon, a fresh water fish that is the source of caviar, is in danger of extinction due to nature, Russian poachers and river pollution. It was the Czars of Russia which elevated fresh caviar to the court menu and since then it became a sought after menu in high class restaurants commanding high price. The rising demand for caviar pushes its price higher thereby heightening the risk that sturgeon will become extinct. The best caviar from Russia is being sold for 40 dollars per pound in the U.S.

The article discusses the significant benefits provided by the New Deal economic aid program to the export business in the U.S. One is the enhancement of the manufacturers' competitive position in foreign markets. Another is the creation of the Export-Import bank in Russia. The article also explores some of the serious accusations received by the President Franklin Roosevelt Administration with regards to its efforts in behalf of foreign trade.

The article discusses the economic views of Russian economists, T.S. Khachaturov and V. Aboltin, who were supposed to attend the annual convention of the American Economic Association in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in end of December 1957 but were not able to. The two economists explained the reason behind the development of Russia's industrial sector, which they attributed to the creation of a machine-building industry. The opinion of professor G. Warren Nutter on the issue is also cited.

The article focuses on the industrial reconstruction program of the Soviet Union, which started in each territory of the country after it got freed from the control of Germany. As stated, the three largest automobile plants have turned from the production of tanks to civilian cars and trucks. The program also puts more emphasis on the heavy industries including coal, electric power, and metallurgical industries for effective volume production of civilian goods.

The article reports on the increasing participation of Russia in international scientific meetings in 1966. According to a participant at the recent Third International Congress on Metallic Corrosion, the Soviet government is trying to normalize the image of Russian scientists to the world. The author adds that the high government of Russia has been thinking of moving out more freely in the international scientific circles for a long time. The changes in Russian research policy are also discussed.

This article focuses on the spending frenzy in Soviet Union for fear that the government will officially devalue the ruble and jack up the prices of many goods as of May 1, 1989. Across the country even longer lines than usual are greeting buyers of such typical scarce items as toilet paper and soap. But Soviets are also sinking their savings into rugs, art and jewelry. "There is simply no other place to put your money," says Olga Kieselova, who traveled 800 miles to shop in Moscow. Others argue that only freeing prices and making the ruble fully comfortable into hard currencies will ease the shortages. But changing the Soviet price system is too explosive an issue to be undertaken yet. Although prices for vegetables may be freed next year, full-scale reform of retail prices is not likely until the mid-1990s. Many observers say it will take until the end of the next decade to make ruble fully convertible, but the government is quietly testing the waters. In March, the Soviet Bank for Foreign Economic Affairs allowed factories with hard currency earned from exporting to the West to auction the funds to other Soviet enterprises. At the secret sale, the ruble traded for just $9 to $10. Even so, the Soviets plan to hold regular auctions starting in May 1989.

Reagan intends to make arms-limitation accords his top priority if the Russians recognize his reelection as a vote of approval for his hard-line stance and, thus, will be more flexible at the bargaining table. If they do not, the stalemate and arms race will probably continue.

In this article, the author discusses the new labor policy enforced by Soviet Prime Minister Yuri Andropov in 1983. It states that Andropov ordered the dismissal of incompetent and corrupt economic officials and the limitation of overcentralization among industries in Soviet Union. Furthermore, he imposed the automatic loss of vacation and medical benefits of an employee with unauthorized absences. It notes that the move is part of his goal to improve the country's deteriorating economy.

This article presents updates related to research and technology. The U.S. Department of Defense and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) would not approve the effort by the Air Force to develop a family of big solid-fuel space boosters which it says it needs for future military space use. Russia has issued a new patent regulations that would require scientists to register all scientific developments before releasing details in technical papers and conferences.

The article reports that over 25,000 tourists from around the world, a quarter of whom come from the U.S., are expected to visit Russia during the summer of 1936, according to the Soviet Travel Trust.

The article suggests that Russia should adopt the gold standard to stabilize the ruble. It argues that bumper crop harvests, mounting gold reserve and a favorable trade balance as well as heavy industries operating with some profit make it possible for the country to adopt the gold standard. The article also reports that the cost of living is going down due to an increase in the food supply that may bring an end to the system of closed stores instituted in 1930.

A photograph of people who attended a local meeting about the Five Year Plan in Russia is presented.

The article looks into the burgeoning economic program of Soviet Union which aims to fortify the country's internal economy including the success of the grain-sowing campaign, the upswing in cotton planting, and the construction of the 30-mile Tsalyk irrigation canal.

A photograph of Russia's largest bell in 1930 is presented, weighing 4,000 pounds and tolled for years in the Sergiev Monastery, recently taken down to be made into agricultural implements.

The article argues that the five-year plan of the Russian government becomes more realistic and establishes similar targets for industrial and consumer sectors of economy in 1966. It mentions that the most important aspect of the political plan is its forecast of increase in consumer goods output at around 43 to 46 per cent. The plan also includes the improvement in the number of passenger car produced in Russia.

The article presents the outlook for political and economic situations around the world. It discusses the hope of the U.S. State Department from Ho Ying-chin, Nationalist premier of China, and mentions that the U.S. businessmen in China want the U.S. government to ease the anti-U.S. feeling in China. It mentions the inefficiency of the Soviet State Planning Commission under its head Nikolai Voznesensky and the plan of Great Britain to trade goods like barley, corn and timber from Russia.

The article deals with the implications of the national budgets for the fiscal year 1937 proposed in different countries including Germany and Russia for their implementation of higher taxes. It mentions that the British government is proposing an increase of 24 per cent in the rate of taxing incomes. The author states that the Japanese government will raise the taxes by only 2.5 to 5 per cent.

The article discusses the business relations between Soviet Union and Germany in 1934.

The article focuses on the foreign trade agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union (SU), which involves 75 million U.S. dollars worth of materials mostly machine tools. Terms of the deal include a 20 percent cash payment by the Soviets and the balance in bills to be paid for an average of 19.5 months. In addition, the SU will invoice all the goods exported to Germany in Reichsmarks. The dual significance of the expanding Russo-German trade is also explored.

The article assesses the promises of the Second Five-Year Plan of Russia. Some significant items of the plan are presented which involve the doubling of investment, new electrification projects, and the world's largest copper-producing plant. Two interesting propositions are discussed including a visit by American bankers to Russia to investigate the possibilities of expanding trade, and a call for more attention to a two-way Russian business. Amtorg orders are examined in relation to questions regarding the non-admittance of Russian goods into the U.S.

The article reports on the German government's plan to make Russia the breadbasket of the parts of Europe that it controls. The Nazi Party stated that wheat will be produced at the Volga valley while the Ukraine will produce fodder, livestock, sugar and cotton. Plans are for the Russians to focus on agriculture while industrial concerns will be in the control of German technicians. The plan of Nazi geopoliticians for Germany to absorb the Ukraine in order for it to become the center of a Eurasian empire is also discussed.

The article reports on the claim of Soviet Union to be economically self-sufficient.

The article offers world new briefs related to business. An expedition of Soviet geologists have found 28 large diamonds in the Ural Mountains, Russia. A Russian radio amateur has recently designed a radio set concealed in the head of a walking stick. Soviet Union has exported 6,000 passengers cars since June 1938 mainly to Rumania, Bulgaria, and western China.

The article discusses the reaction of Wall street to the first earth satellite of Russia in 1957. It shows how prices in the stock market dropped and a total absence of the selling pressure felt. It notes that the sale of U.S. stocks by Europeans, buying which represented profitable covering of short positions and investment trusts confined to utilities and other defensive issues caused uneasiness in the stock market. It predicts that the impact of the Russian earth satellite on the stock market will be bullish.

The article reports on the efforts of the U.S. and Great Britain to enhance the tourism industry in the Soviet Union.

The article discusses U.S. President Richard Nixon's foreign policies delivered in a televised press conference after his eight day tour of Europe. It indicates that the European trip opened communications between the White House and European capitals and hope that he can rightfully claim to speak for the Atlantic Alliance during a summit meeting with the Soviet Union. It cites his successful establishment of a cordial relationship with France's Prime Minister Charles de Gaulle as he backed away from the support given by the U.S. to the Common Market.

This section offers international news briefs as of November 13, 1978. Flooding in West Bengal, India has created a major dispute between the Marxist state government and the federal government in New Delhi. A boundary dispute between Chile and Argentina over the Straits of Magellan has started to affect their economies, as Argentina began restricting traditional exports to Chile. Sales of U.S. goods to the Soviet Union for the first eight months of 1978 increased by 56 percent compared to the same period in 1977.

The article reports on the efforts made by the Soviet government in order to engage in a trade relation with the U.S. including its goal to repeal the 1974 trade act and its plan to enter into leasing deals.

In this article, the author discusses the 1976-1980 economic plan of Soviet Union. The author mentions that U.S. exporters are not glad of the economic plan. The author notes that the economic plan has opened opportunities for some U.S. companies particularly in the agricultural machinery and plant replacement businesses. The author cites that the plan will expect a growth in foreign trade by 30 to 35 percent.