1,136 results
Search Results
2. Transcriptome Profiling of the Salt-Stress Response in Paper Mulberry.
- Author
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Jie Zhang, Yingwei Zhao, Hongying Li, Jianwei Ni, and Dongmei Wang
- Subjects
PAPER mulberry ,EFFECT of salts on plants ,GENETIC regulation in plants ,PLANT growth - Abstract
Paper mulberry is a high-quality woody feed resource plant with high crude protein content. It is widely distributed in China and has excellent characteristics of salt and alkali tolerance. Paper mulberry has ecological and economic importance. Salt stress has become a critical factor with the increasing degree of soil salinity that restricts plant growth. In the saline-alkali environments, transcriptome expression is altered leading to phenotypic defects in most plants. However, the regulatory mechanism related to paper mulberry's salt-stress (SS) response is not clearly understood. In the present study de novo transcriptomic assembly was performed, and gene expression levels were measured between different SS and natural conditions (25°C) as a control for paper mulberry plants. According to the results of our study, under NaCl stress conditions, the differential gene expression was observed in the leaves of paper mulberry compared with the control. A total of 2126 differentially expressed unigenes were observed. Among these unigenes the expression of 812 DEGs was up-regulated and the expression of 1,314 DEGs was down-regulated. Additionally, The GO and KEGG analyses regarding differentially expressed unigenes (DEUs) revealed that the observed critical transcriptomic alterations under salt stress (SS) conditions were associated with primary and secondary metabolism, photosynthesis, and plant hormone signaling pathways. Further investigations such as gene function studies regarding the unigenes depicting altered expression under salt stress conditions in paper mulberry will help understand the mechanism of salt tolerance, and this information can be utilized in paper mulberry breeding and improvement programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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3. Structural insight into SOS signalling in response to salt stress.
- Subjects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Signal Transduction, Salt Stress
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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4. 超声波对盐胁迫下紫松果菊种子萌发和幼苗生理特性的影响.
- Author
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尹娟, 朱庆松, 赵晶晶, 曹永奕, and 马桂花
- Subjects
SUPEROXIDE dismutase ,FILTER paper ,GERMINATION ,PROLINE ,EFFECT of salt on plants ,PEROXIDASE ,ULTRASONICS - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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5. Research on Salt Stress in Rice from 2000 to 2021: A Bibliometric Analysis.
- Author
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Zhang, Rui, Hussain, Shahid, Yang, Shuo, Yang, Yulin, Shi, Linlin, Chen, Yinglong, Wei, Huanhe, Xu, Ke, and Dai, Qigen
- Abstract
This study aimed to assess global trends in research on salt stress in rice and provide new directions for future studies. The subjects in this study are a plain text file with full records and cited references (Web of Science core collection as the database, "rice" and "salt" as the retrieved title with the date range from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2021). The bibliometric method was used in this study, and the results were visualized using Scimago Graphica, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace. The results showed that China, India, and Japan contributed most of the literature in this field, and the institutes with the largest academic output were the Chinese Academy of Science, the International Rice Research Institute, and Nanjing Agriculture University. This study argues that research on salt stress in rice has been conducted in three main areas: phenotypes, response mechanisms, and remediation strategies. Inoculation of rhizosphere bacteria, ion homeostasis, soil remediation, and gene editing will be popular topics in rice salt stress research in the future. This study aimed to provide a potential theoretical direction for research on salt stress in rice as well as a reference for feasible studies on the exploitation of saline–alkali lands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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6. Salinity stress alters plant-mediated interactions between above- and below-ground herbivores.
- Author
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Zhang Q, Wang Q, Wyckhuys KAG, Jin S, and Lu Y
- Subjects
- Animals, Gossypium, Larva, Plant Roots, Salinity, Plant Leaves, Herbivory, Salt Stress, Aphids physiology, Moths physiology
- Abstract
Below-ground herbivory impacts plant development and often induces systemic responses in plants that affect the performance and feeding behavior of above-ground herbivores. Meanwhile, pest-damaged root tissue can enhance a plant's susceptibility to abiotic stress such as salinity. Yet, the extent to which herbivore-induced plant defenses are modulated by such abiotic stress has rarely been studied. In this study, we examine whether root feeding by larvae of the turnip moth, Agrotis segetum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) affects the performance of the above-ground, sap-feeding aphid Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on cotton, and assess whether those interactions are modulated by salinity stress. In the absence of salinity stress, A. segetum root feeding does not affect A. gossypii development. On the other hand, under intense salinity stress (i.e., 600 mM NaCl), A. segetum root feeding decreases aphid development time by 16.1 % and enhances fecundity by 72.0 %. Transcriptome, metabolome and bioassay trials showed that root feeding and salinity stress jointly trigger the biosynthesis of amino acids in cotton leaves. Specifically, increased titers of valine in leaf tissue relate to an enhanced performance of A. gossypii. Taken together, salinity stress alters the interaction between above- and below-ground feeders by changing amino acid accumulation. Our findings advance our understanding of how plants cope with concurrent biotic and abiotic stressors, and may help tailor plant protection strategies to varying production contexts., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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7. A glucomannan produced by Bacillus velezensis HY23 and its growth promoting effect on soybeans under salt stress.
- Author
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Zou P, Ma S, Yuan Y, Ma J, Yang X, Hu X, Meng Q, Jing C, and Li Y
- Subjects
- Nitrogen Fixation, Antioxidants pharmacology, Antioxidants metabolism, Antioxidants chemistry, Polysaccharides, Bacterial chemistry, Polysaccharides, Bacterial pharmacology, Bacillus metabolism, Mannans chemistry, Mannans pharmacology, Mannans metabolism, Glycine max, Salt Stress
- Abstract
The Bacillus genus is widely distributed in nature, has bacteriostatic and growth-promoting activities, and has broad application potential in agriculture. An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was extracted and purified from Bacillus velezensis HY23. Structural characterisation of the EPS was performed by chemical and spectroscopic analyses. Methylation analysis showed that the EPS of HY23 was composed of mannose and glucose at a ratio of 82:18 and was identified as glucomannan. Combined with the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, EPS from HY23 had a backbone of →2)-α-D-Manp-(1 → and →2,6)-α-D-Manp-(1 → branched at C-6 with terminal α-(3-O-Me)-D-Manp-(1 → and →6)-α-D-Manp-(1 → residues as the side chain. A certain amount of β-D-Glcp residues were also present in backbone. Moreover, EPS significantly improved the nitrogen-fixing activity and salt resistance of soybean seedlings by regulating the antioxidant pool and expression of ion transporters. These findings indicate that EPS from B. velezensis HY23 is a potential biostimulant for enhancing plant resistance to salt stress., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2024
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8. Unraveling the mechanisms and responses of aniline-degrading biosystem to salinity stress in high temperature condition: Pollutants removal performance and microbial community.
- Author
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He Q, Zhang Q, Su J, Li M, Lin B, Wu N, Shen H, and Chen J
- Subjects
- Wastewater chemistry, Nitrogen metabolism, Hot Temperature, Nitrification, Bacteria metabolism, Bacteria genetics, Aniline Compounds metabolism, Biodegradation, Environmental, Water Pollutants, Chemical metabolism, Salt Stress, Microbiota, Salinity
- Abstract
To explore the intrinsic influence of different salinity content on aniline biodegradation system in high temperature condition of 35 ± 1 °C, six groups at various salinity concentration (0.0%-5.0%) were applied. The results showed that the salinity exerted insignificant impact on aniline removal performance. The low-level salinity (0.5%-1.5%) stimulated the nitrogen metabolism performance. The G5-2.5% had excellent adaptability to salinity while the nitrogen removal capacity of G6-5.0% was almost lost. Moreover, high throughput sequencing analysis revealed that the g__norank_f__NS9_marine_group, g__Thauera and g__unclassified_f__Rhodobacteraceae proliferated wildly and established positive correlation each other in low salinity systems. The g__SM1A02 occupying the dominant position in G5 ensured the nitrification performance. In contrast, the Rhodococcus possessing great survival advantage in tremendous osmotic pressure competed with most functional genus, triggering the collapse of nitrogen metabolism capacity in G6. This work provided valuable guidance for the aniline wastewater treatment under salinity stress in high temperature condition., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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9. Physiological and transcriptomic analysis provides new insights into osmoregulation mechanism of Ruditapes philippinarum under low and high salinity stress.
- Author
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Liu T, Nie H, Ding J, Huo Z, and Yan X
- Subjects
- Animals, Gene Expression Profiling, Salinity, Osmoregulation, Bivalvia physiology, Bivalvia genetics, Salt Stress, Transcriptome
- Abstract
The Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) is a commercially important marine bivalve, which inhabits the estuarine and mudflat areas. The osmoregulation is of great significance for molluscs adaptation to salinity fluctuations. In this study, we investigated the effects of low salinity (10 psu) and high salinity (40 psu) stress on survival and osmoregulation of the R. philippinarum. The results of physiological parameters showed that the ion (Na
+ , K+ , Cl- ) concentrations and Na+ /K+ -ATPase (NKA) activity of R. philippinarum decreased significantly under low salinity stress, but increased significantly under high salinity stress, indicating that there are differences in physiological adaptation of osmoregulation of R. philippinarum. In addition, we conducted the transcriptome analysis in the gills of R. philippinarum exposed to low (10 psu) and high (40 psu) salinity challenge for 48 h using RNA-seq technology. A total of 153 and 640 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the low salinity (LS) group and high salinity (HS) group, respectively. The immune (IAP, TLR6, C1QL4, Ank3), ion transport (Slc34a2, SLC39A14), energy metabolism (PCK1, LDLRA, ACOX1) and DNA damage repair-related genes (Gadd45g, HSP70B2, GATA4) as well as FoxO, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and endocytosis pathways were involved in osmoregulation under low salinity stress of R. philippinarum. Conversely, the ion transport (SLC6A7, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, TRPM2), amino acid metabolism (GS, TauD, ABAT, ALDH4A1) and immune-related genes (MAP2K6, BIRC7A, CTSK, GVIN1), and amino acid metabolism pathways (beta-Alanine, Alanine, aspartate and glutamate, Glutathione) were involved in the process of osmoregulation under high salinity stress. The results obtained here revealed the difference of osmoregulation mechanism of R. philippinarum under low and high salinity stress through physiological and molecular levels. This study contributes to the assessment of salinity adaptation of bivalves in the context of climate change and provides useful information for marine resource conservation and aquaculture., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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10. A Study on the Functional Identification of Overexpressing Winter Wheat Expansin Gene TaEXPA7-B in Rice under Salt Stress.
- Author
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Wang X, Ma J, He F, Wang L, Zhang T, Liu D, Xu Y, Li F, and Feng X
- Subjects
- Osmotic Pressure, Salt Tolerance genetics, Triticum genetics, Triticum growth & development, Triticum metabolism, Plant Proteins genetics, Plant Proteins metabolism, Oryza genetics, Oryza growth & development, Oryza metabolism, Oryza drug effects, Oryza physiology, Salt Stress genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant drug effects, Plant Roots genetics, Plant Roots growth & development, Plant Roots metabolism, Plants, Genetically Modified genetics
- Abstract
Expansin is a cell wall relaxant protein that is common in plants and directly or indirectly participates in the whole process of plant root growth, development and morphogenesis. A well-developed root system helps plants to better absorb water and nutrients from the soil while effectively assisting them in resisting osmotic stress, such as salt stress. In this study, we observed and quantified the morphology of the roots of Arabidopsis overexpressing the TaEXPAs gene obtained by the research group in the early stage of development. We combined the bioinformatics analysis results relating to EXPA genes in five plants and identified TaEXPA7-B , a member of the EXPA family closely related to root development in winter wheat. Subcellular localization analysis of the TaEXPA7-B protein showed that it is located in the plant cell wall. In this study, the TaEXPA7-B gene was overexpressed in rice. The results showed that plant height, root length and the number of lateral roots of rice overexpressing the TaEXPA7-B gene were significantly higher than those of the wild type, and the expression of the TaEXPA7-B gene significantly promoted the growth of lateral root primordium and cortical cells. The plants were treated with 250 mM NaCl solution to simulate salt stress. The results showed that the accumulation of osmotic regulators, cell wall-related substances and the antioxidant enzyme activities of the overexpressed plants were higher than those of the wild type, and they had better salt tolerance. This paper discusses the effects of winter wheat expansins in plant root development and salt stress tolerance and provides a theoretical basis and relevant reference for screening high-quality expansin regulating root development and salt stress resistance in winter wheat and its application in crop molecular breeding.
- Published
- 2024
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11. Green-synthesized lignin nanoparticles enhance Zea mays resilience to salt stress by improving antioxidant metabolism and mitigating ultrastructural damage.
- Author
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Javaid MH, Chen N, Yasin MU, Fan X, Neelam A, Rehman M, Haider Z, Bukhari SAH, Munir R, Ahmad I, and Gan Y
- Subjects
- Green Chemistry Technology, Salt Tolerance drug effects, Seedlings drug effects, Photosynthesis drug effects, Salinity, Zea mays drug effects, Lignin chemistry, Salt Stress drug effects, Antioxidants metabolism, Nanoparticles toxicity, Nanoparticles chemistry
- Abstract
Soil salinity poses a substantial threat to agricultural productivity, resulting in far-reaching consequences. Green-synthesized lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as significant biopolymers which effectively promote sustainable crop production and enhance abiotic stress tolerance. However, the defensive role and underlying mechanisms of LNPs against salt stress in Zea mays remain unexplored. The present study aims to elucidate two aspects: firstly, the synthesis of lignin nanoparticles from alkali lignin, which were characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The results confirmed the purity and morphology of LNPs. Secondly, the utilization of LNPs (200 mg/L) in nano priming to alleviate the adverse effects of NaCl (150 mM) on Zea mays seedlings. LNPs significantly reduced the accumulation of Na
+ (17/21%) and MDA levels (21/28%) in shoots/roots while increased lignin absorption (30/31%), resulting in improved photosynthetic performance and plant growth. Moreover, LNPs substantially improved plant biomass, antioxidant enzymatic activities and upregulated the expression of salt-tolerant genes (ZmNHX3 (1.52 & 2.81 FC), CBL (2.83 & 3.28 FC), ZmHKT1 (2.09 & 4.87 FC) and MAPK1 (3.50 & 2.39 FC) in both shoot and root tissues. Additionally, SEM and TEM observations of plant tissues confirmed the pivotal role of LNPs in mitigating NaCl-induced stress by reducing damages to guard cells, stomata and ultra-cellular structures. Overall, our findings highlight the efficacy of LNPs as a practical and cost-effective approach to alleviate NaCl-induced stress in Zea mays plants. These results offer a sustainable agri-environmental strategy for mitigating salt toxicity and enhancing crop production in saline environments., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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12. Synergistic effect of biochar with gypsum, lime, and farm manure on the growth and tolerance in rice plants under different salt-affected soils.
- Author
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Hamoud YA, Saleem T, Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Shaghaleh H, Usman M, Rizwan M, Alharby HF, Alamri AM, Al-Sarraj F, and Alabdallah NM
- Subjects
- Calcium Sulfate, Manure, Salt Tolerance, Soil chemistry, Climate, Oryza physiology, Salt Stress
- Abstract
Soil salinization and sodication harm soil fertility and crop production, especially in dry regions. To combat this, using biochar combined with gypsum, lime, and farm manure is a promising solution for improving salt-affected soils. In a pot experiment, cotton stick biochar (BC) was applied at a rate of 20 t/ha in combination with gypsum (G), lime (L), and farm manure (F) at rates of 5 and 10 t/ha. These were denoted as BCG-5, BCL-5, BCF-5, BCG-10, BCL-10, and BCF-10. Three different types of soils with electrical conductivity (EC) to sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) ratios of 2.45:13.7, 9.45:22, and 11.56:40 were used for experimentation. The application of BCG-10 led to significant improvements in rice biomass, chlorophyll content, and overall growth. It was observed that applying BCG-10 to soils increased the membrane stability index by 75% in EC:SAR (2.45:13.7), 97% in EC:SAR (9.45:22), and 40% in EC:SAR (11.56:40) compared to respective control treatments. After BCG-10 was applied, the hydrogen peroxide in leaves dropped by 29%, 23%, and 21% in EC:SAR (2.45:13.7), EC:SAR (9.45:22), and EC:SAR (11.56:40) soils, relative to their controls, respectively. The application of BCG-10 resulted in glycine betaine increases of 60, 119, and 165% in EC: SAR (2.45:13.7), EC: SAR (9.45:22), and EC: SAR (11.56:40) soils. EC: SAR (2.45:13.7), EC: SAR (9.45:22), and EC: SAR (11.56:40) soils all had 70, 109, and 130% more ascorbic acid in BCG-10 applied treatment, respectively. The results of this experiment show that BCG-10 increased the growth and physiological traits of rice plants were exposed to different levels of salt stress. This was achieved by lowering hydrogen peroxide levels, making plant cells more stable, and increasing non-enzymatic activity., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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13. Role of plant neurotransmitters in salt stress: A critical review.
- Author
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Malakar P, Gupta SK, and Chattopadhyay D
- Subjects
- Plants metabolism, Salt Tolerance, Neurotransmitter Agents metabolism, Plant Physiological Phenomena, Salt Stress, Signal Transduction
- Abstract
Neurotransmitters are naturally found in many plants, but the molecular processes that govern their actions still need to be better understood. Acetylcholine, γ-Aminobutyric acid, histamine, melatonin, serotonin, and glutamate are the most common neurotransmitters in animals, and they all play a part in the development and information processing. It is worth noting that all these chemicals have been found in plants. Although much emphasis has been placed on understanding how neurotransmitters regulate mood and behaviour in humans, little is known about how they regulate plant growth and development. In this article, the information was reviewed and updated considering current thinking on neurotransmitter signaling in plants' metabolism, growth, development, salt tolerance, and the associated avenues for underlying research. The goal of this study is to advance neurotransmitter signaling research in plant biology, especially in the area of salt stress physiology., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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14. Post-synthetic modification of nano-chitosan using gibberellic acid: Foliar application on sorghum under salt stress conditions and estimation of biochemical parameters.
- Author
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Mahmoud NE, Abdel-Gawad H, and Abdelhameed RM
- Subjects
- Plant Leaves drug effects, Plant Leaves metabolism, Sorghum drug effects, Sorghum metabolism, Sorghum growth & development, Chitosan, Gibberellins metabolism, Gibberellins pharmacology, Salt Stress drug effects
- Abstract
The challenge of desert farming with a high salt level has become an ecological task due to salt stress negatively affecting plant growth and reproduction. The current study deals with the cultivation of sorghum under salt stress conditions to counteract the effect of chitosan and gibberellic acid (GA
3 ). Here, the effects of chitosan, GA3 and nano-composite (GA3 @chitosan) on biochemical contents, growth and seed yield of sorghum under salinity stress conditions were studied. The results showed that spraying with GA3 @chitosan increased sorghum grain yield by 2.07, 1.81 and 1.64 fold higher than salinity stressed plants, chitosan treatment and GA3 treatment, respectively. Additionally, compared to the control of the same variety, the GA3 @chitosan spraying treatment improved the concentration of microelements in the grains of the Shandweel-1 and Dorado by 24.51% and 18.39%, respectively for each variety. Furthermore, spraying GA3 @chitosan on sorghum varieties increased the accumulation of the macroelements N, P, and K by 34.03%, 47.61%, and 8.67% higher than salt-stressed plants, respectively. On the other hand, the proline and glycinebetaine content in sorghum leaves sprayed with nano-composite were drop by 51.04% and 11.98% less than stressed plants, respectively. The results showed that, in Ras Sudr, the Shandweel-1 variety produced more grain per feddan than the Dorado variety. These findings suggest that GA3 @chitosan improves the chemical and biochemical components leading to a decrease in the negative effect of salt stress on the plant which reflects in the high-yield production of cultivated sorghum plants in salt conditions., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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15. Populus euphratica PeNADP-ME interacts with PePLDδ to mediate sodium and ROS homeostasis under salinity stress.
- Author
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Zhang Y, Zhao Z, Liu Z, Yao J, Yin K, Yan C, Zhang Y, Liu J, Li J, Zhao N, Zhao R, Zhou X, and Chen S
- Subjects
- Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant drug effects, Plant Roots metabolism, Plant Roots genetics, Plant Roots drug effects, Plants, Genetically Modified, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Salt Tolerance genetics, Sodium Chloride pharmacology, Two-Hybrid System Techniques, Homeostasis, Phospholipase D metabolism, Phospholipase D genetics, Plant Proteins metabolism, Plant Proteins genetics, Populus metabolism, Populus genetics, Populus drug effects, Salt Stress genetics
- Abstract
Populus euphratica phospholipase Dδ (PePLDδ) is transcriptionally regulated and mediates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ion homeostasis under saline conditions. The purpose of this study is to explore the post-transcriptional regulation of PePLDδ in response to salt environment. P. euphratica PePLDδ was shown to interact with the NADP-dependent malic enzyme (NADP-ME) by screening the yeast two-hybrid libraries. The transcription level of PeNADP-ME increased upon salt exposure to NaCl (200 mM) in leaves and roots of P. euphratica. PeNADP-ME had a similar subcellular location with PePLDδ in the cytoplasm, and the interaction between PeNADP-ME and PePLDδ was further verified by GST pull-down and yeast two-hybrid. To clarify whether PeNADP-ME interacts with PePLDδ to enhance salt tolerance, PePLDδ and PeNADP-ME were overexpressed singly or doubly in Arabidopsis thaliana. Dual overexpression of PeNADP-ME and PePLDδ resulted in an even more pronounced improvement in salt tolerance compared with single transformants overexpressing PeNADP-ME or PePLDδ alone. Greater Na
+ limitation and Na+ efflux in roots were observed in doubly overexpressed plants compared with singly overexpressed plants with PeNADP-ME or PePLDδ. Furthermore, NaCl stimulation of SOD, APX, and POD activity and transcription were more remarkable in the doubly overexpressed plants. It is noteworthy that the enzymic activity of NADP-ME and PLD, and total phosphatidic acid (PA) concentrations were significantly higher in the double-overexpressed plants than in the single transformants. We conclude that PeNADP-ME interacts with PePLDδ in Arabidopsis to promote PLD-derived PA signaling, conferring Na+ extrusion and ROS scavenging under salt stress., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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16. Motility behavior and physiological response mechanisms of aerobic denitrifier, Enterobacter cloacae strain HNR under high salt stress: Insights from individual cells to populations.
- Author
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Cheng M, Fu HM, Mao Z, Yan P, Weng X, Ma TF, Xu XW, Guo JS, Fang F, and Chen YP
- Subjects
- Biofilms, Extracellular Polymeric Substance Matrix, Ions, Stress, Physiological, Enterobacter cloacae genetics, Salt Stress
- Abstract
The motility behaviors at the individual-cell level and the collective physiological responsive behaviors of aerobic denitrifier, Enterobacter cloacae strain HNR under high salt stress were investigated. The results revealed that as salinity increased, electron transport activity and adenosine triphosphate content decreased from 15.75 μg O
2 /g/min and 593.51 mM/L to 3.27 μg O2 /g/min and 5.34 mM/L, respectively, at 40 g/L, leading to a reduction in the rotation velocity and vibration amplitude of strain HNR. High salinity stress (40 g/L) down-regulated genes involved in ABC transporters (amino acids, sugars, metal ions, and inorganic ions) and activated the biofilm-related motility regulation mechanism in strain HNR, resulting in a further decrease in flagellar motility capacity and an increase in extracellular polymeric substances secretion (4.08 mg/g cell of PS and 40.03 mg/g cell of PN at 40 g/L). These responses facilitated biofilm formation and proved effective in countering elevated salt stress in strain HNR. Moreover, the genetic diversity associated with biofilm-related motility regulation in strain HNR enhanced the adaptability and stability of the strain HNR populations to salinity stress. This study enables a deeper understanding of the response mechanism of aerobic denitrifiers to high salt stress., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)- Published
- 2024
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17. Tolerance Mechanisms of Olive Tree (Olea europaea) under Saline Conditions.
- Author
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El Yamani, Mohamed and Cordovilla, María del Pilar
- Abstract
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is an evergreen tree that occupies 19% of the woody crop area and is cultivated in 67 countries on five continents. The largest olive production region is concentrated in the Mediterranean basin, where the olive tree has had an enormous economic, cultural, and environmental impact since the 7th century BC. In the Mediterranean region, salinity stands out as one of the main abiotic stress factors significantly affecting agricultural production. Moreover, climate change is expected to lead to increased salinization in this region, threatening olive productivity. Salt stress causes combined damage by osmotic stress and ionic toxicity, restricting olive growth and interfering with multiple metabolic processes. A large variability in salinity tolerance among olive cultivars has been described. This paper aims to synthesize information from the published literature on olive adaptations to salt stress and its importance in salinity tolerance. The morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of olive tolerance to salt stress are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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18. Enhancing soil amendment for salt stress using pretreated rice straw and cellulolytic fungi.
- Author
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Ma, Yen Nhi, Mongkolthanaruk, Wiyada, and Riddech, Nuntavun
- Subjects
RICE straw ,SOIL amendments ,SOIL salinity ,CATTLE manure ,AGRICULTURAL wastes ,CELLULOSE nanocrystals - Abstract
Rice straw breakdown is sluggish, which makes agricultural waste management difficult, however pretreatment procedures and cellulolytic fungi can address this issue. Through ITS sequencing, Chaetomium globosum C1, Aspergillus sp. F2, and Ascomycota sp. SM2 were identified from diverse sources. Ascomycota sp. SM2 exhibited the highest carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activity (0.86 IU/mL) and filter-paper cellulase (FPase) activity (1.054 FPU/mL), while Aspergillus sp. F2 showed the highest CMCase activity (0.185 IU/mL) after various pretreatments of rice straw. These fungi thrived across a wide pH range, with Ascomycota sp. SM2 from pH 4 to 9, Aspergillus sp. F2, and Chaetomium globosum C1 thriving in alkaline conditions (pH 9). FTIR spectroscopy revealed significant structural changes in rice straw after enzymatic hydrolysis and solid-state fermentation, indicating lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose degradation. Soil amendments with pretreated rice straw, cow manure, biochar, and these fungi increased root growth and soil nutrient availability, even under severe salt stress (up to 9.3 dS/m). The study emphasizes the need for a better understanding of Ascomycota sp. degradation capabilities and proposes that using cellulolytic fungus and pretreatment rice straw into soil amendments could mitigate salt-related difficulties and improve nutrient availability in salty soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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19. Physical exercise prevents age-related heart dysfunction induced by high-salt intake and heart salt-specific overexpression in Drosophila
- Author
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Kai Lu, Wen-Qi Hou, Deng-Tai Wen, and Lan Zheng
- Subjects
Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Heart dysfunction ,Period (gene) ,Physical exercise ,Motor Activity ,Mitochondrion ,medicine.disease_cause ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,physical exercise ,RNA interference ,Physical Conditioning, Animal ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Drosophila Proteins ,salt stress ,business.industry ,Heart ,Cell Biology ,Malondialdehyde ,Animal Feed ,Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha ,Mitochondria ,Oxidative Stress ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,heart aging ,Drosophila ,Female ,Salts ,Myofibril ,business ,Oxidative stress ,Research Paper - Abstract
A long-term high-salt intake (HSI) seems to accelerate cardiac aging and age-related diseases, but the molecular mechanism is still not entirely clear. Exercise is an effective way to delay cardiac aging. However, it remains unclear whether long-term exercise (LTE) can protect heart from aging induced by high-salt stress. In this study, heart CG2196(salt) specific overexpression (HSSO) and RNAi (HSSR) was constructed by using the UAS/hand-Gal4 system in Drosophila. Flies were given exercise and a high-salt diet intervention from 1 to 5 weeks of age. Results showed that HSSR and LTE remarkably prevented heart from accelerated age-related defects caused by HSI and HSSO, and these defects included a marked increase in heart period, arrhythmia index, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, salt expression, and dTOR expression, and a marked decrease in fractional shortening, SOD activity level, dFOXO expression, PGC-1α expression, and the number of mitochondria and myofibrils. The combination of HSSR and LTE could better protect the aging heart from the damage of HSI. Therefore, current evidences suggested that LTE resisted HSI-induced heart presenility via blocking CG2196(salt)/TOR/oxidative stress and activating dFOXO/PGC-1α. LTE also reversed heart presenility induced by cardiac-salt overexpression via activating dFOXO/PGC-1α and blocking TOR/oxidative stress.
- Published
- 2021
20. Deciphering the regulatory role of PheSnRK genes in Moso bamboo: insights into hormonal, energy, and stress responses.
- Author
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Huifang Zheng, Yali Xie, Changhong Mu, Wenlong Cheng, Yucong Bai, and Jian Gao
- Abstract
The SnRK (sucrose non-fermentation-related protein kinase) plays an important role in regulating various signals in plants. However, as an important bamboo shoot and wood species, the response mechanism of PheSnRK in Phyllostachys edulis to hormones, low energy and stress remains unclear. In this paper, we focused on the structure, expression, and response of SnRK to hormones and sugars. In this study, we identified 75 PheSnRK genes from the Moso bamboo genome, which can be divided into three groups according to the evolutionary relationship. Cis-element analysis has shown that the PheSnRK gene can respond to various hormones, light, and stress. The PheSnRK2.9 proteins were localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Transgenic experiments showed that overexpression of PheSnRK2.9 inhibited root development, the plants were salt-tolerant and exhibited slowed starch consumption in Arabidopsis in the dark. The results of yeast one-hybrid and dual luciferase assay showed that PheIAAs and PheNACs can regulate PheSnRK2.9 gene expression by binding to the promoter of PheSnRK2.9. This study provided a comprehensive understanding of PheSnRK genes of Moso bamboo, which provides valuable information for further research on energy regulation mechanism and stress response during the growth and development of Moso bamboo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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21. Regulation of ethylene metabolism in tomato under salinity stress involving linkages with important physiological signaling pathways.
- Author
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Yadav P, Ansari MW, Kaula BC, Rao YR, Meselmani MA, Siddiqui ZH, Brajendra, Kumar SB, Rani V, Sarkar A, Rakwal R, Gill SS, and Tuteja N
- Subjects
- Ethylenes metabolism, Solanum lycopersicum metabolism, Solanum lycopersicum physiology, Salt Stress physiology
- Abstract
The tomato is well-known for its anti-oxidative and anti-cancer properties, and with a wide range of health benefits is an important cash crop for human well-being. However, environmental stresses (especially abiotic) are having a deleterious effect on plant growth and productivity, including tomato. In this review, authors describe how salinity stress imposes risk consequences on growth and developmental processes of tomato through toxicity by ethylene (ET) and cyanide (HCN), and ionic, oxidative, and osmotic stresses. Recent research has clarified how salinity stress induced-ACS and - β-CAS expressions stimulate the accumulation of ET and HCN, wherein the action of salicylic acid (SA),compatible solutes (CSs), polyamines (PAs) and ET inhibitors (ETIs) regulate ET and HCN metabolism. Here we emphasize how ET, SA and PA cooperates with mitochondrial alternating oxidase (AOX), salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathways and the antioxidants (ANTOX) system to better understand the salinity stress resistance mechanism. The current literature evaluated in this paper provides an overview of salinity stress resistance mechanism involving synchronized routes of ET metabolism by SA and PAs, connecting regulated network of central physiological processes governing through the action of AOX, β-CAS, SOS and ANTOX pathways, which might be crucial for the development of tomato., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2023
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22. Effects of Exogenous Isosteviol on the Physiological Characteristics of Brassica napus Seedlings under Salt Stress.
- Author
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Xia, Wenjing, Meng, Wangang, Peng, Yueqin, Qin, Yutian, Zhang, Liang, and Zhu, Nianqing
- Subjects
RAPESEED ,RUTABAGA ,FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy ,SEEDLINGS ,BETAINE ,REACTIVE oxygen species ,GERMINATION ,OSMOTIC pressure - Abstract
In this paper, the effect of isosteviol on the physiological metabolism of Brassica napus seedlings under salt stress is explored. Brassica napus seeds (Qinyou 2) were used as materials, and the seeds were soaked in different concentrations of isosteviol under salt stress. The fresh weight, dry weight, osmotic substance, absorption and distribution of Na
+ , K+ , Cl− , and the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured, and these results were combined with the changes shown by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that isosteviol at an appropriate concentration could effectively increase the biomass and soluble protein content of Brassica napus seedlings and reduce the contents of proline, glycine betaine, and ROS in the seedlings. Isosteviol reduces the oxidative damage to Brassica napus seedlings caused by salt stress by regulating the production of osmotic substances and ROS. In addition, after seed soaking in isosteviol, the Na+ content in the shoots of the Brassica napus seedlings was always lower than that in the roots, while the opposite was true for the K+ content. This indicated that under salt stress the Na+ absorbed by the Brassica napus seedlings was mainly accumulated in the roots and that less Na+ was transported to the shoots, while more of the K+ absorbed by the Brassica napus seedlings was retained in the leaves. It is speculated that this may be an important mechanism for Brassica napus seedlings to relieve Na+ toxicity. The spectroscopy analysis showed that, compared with the control group (T1), salt stress increased the absorbance values of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, etc., indicating structural damage to the plasma membrane and cell wall. The spectra of the isosteviol seed soaking treatment group were nearly the same as those of the control group (T1). The correlation analysis shows that under salt stress the Brassica napus seedling tissues could absorb large amounts of Na+ and Cl− to induce oxidative stress and inhibit the growth of the plants. After the seed soaking treatment, isosteviol could significantly reduce the absorption of Na+ by the seedling tissues, increase the K+ content, and reduce the salt stress damage to the plant seedlings. Therefore, under salt stress, seed soaking with isosteviol at an appropriate concentration (10−9 ~10−8 M) can increase the salt resistance of Brassica napus seedlings by regulating their physiological and metabolic functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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23. "Exogenous boron alleviates salt stress in cotton by maintaining cell wall structure and ion homeostasis".
- Author
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Lu K, Yan L, Riaz M, Babar S, Hou J, Zhang Y, and Jiang C
- Subjects
- Cell Wall metabolism, Ions metabolism, Cellulose metabolism, Pectins metabolism, Homeostasis, Plant Roots metabolism, Boron pharmacology, Boron metabolism, Salt Stress
- Abstract
Salt stress is considered one of the major abiotic stresses that impair agricultural production, while boron (B) is indispensable for plant cell composition and has also been found to alleviate salt stress. However, the regulatory mechanism of how B improves salt resistance via cell wall modification remains unknown. The present study primarily focused on investigating the mechanisms of B-mediated alleviation of salt stress in terms of osmotic substances, cell wall structure and components and ion homeostasis. The results showed that salt stress hindered plant biomass and root growth in cotton. Moreover, salt stress disrupted the morphology of the root cell wall as evidenced by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) analysis. The presence of B effectively alleviated these adverse effects, promoting the accumulation of proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar, while reducing the content of Na
+ and Cl- and augmenting the content of K+ and Ca2+ in the roots. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis demonstrated a decline in the crystallinity of roots cellulose. Boron supply also reduced the contents of chelated pectin and alkali-soluble pectin. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis further affirmed that exogenous B led to a decline in cellulose accumulation. In conclusion, B offered a promising strategy for mitigating the adverse impact of salt stress and enhancing plant growth by countering osmotic and ionic stresses and modifying root cell wall components. This study may provide invaluable insights into the role of B in ameliorating the effects of salt stress on plants, which could have implications for sustainable agriculture., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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24. Recent Trends in Foliar Nanofertilizers: A Review.
- Author
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Ding, Yanru, Zhao, Weichen, Zhu, Guikai, Wang, Quanlong, Zhang, Peng, and Rui, Yukui
- Subjects
FOLIAR feeding ,CROP quality ,AGRICULTURAL research ,CROP yields ,POLLUTION ,NUTRIENT uptake - Abstract
It is estimated that 40–70%, 80–90% and 50–90% of the conventional macronutrients N, P and K applied to the soil are lost, respectively, resulting in considerable loss of resources. Compared to conventional fertilizers, nanofertilizers have the advantages of controlled release, high nutrient utilization, low cost and relatively low environmental pollution due to their small size (1–100 nm) and high specific surface area. The application of nanofertilizers is an up-and-coming field of agricultural research and is an attractive and economical substitute for common fertilizers which can boost global food productivity sustainably. Foliar fertilization is a popular way to satisfy the needs of higher plants. Because of its small application dose, faster nutrient uptake than soil application and relatively less environmental pollution, foliar fertilization is more popular among plants. It can be seen that nanofertilizers and foliar fertilization are the hotspots of attention at present and that current research on the foliar application of nanofertilizers is not as extensive as that on soil application. Based on this background, this paper provides an overview of various applications of foliar spraying of nanofertilizers in agriculture, including applications in improving crop yield and quality as well as mitigating heavy metal stress, salt stress and drought stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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25. Salt tolerance in Brassicaceae crops: physiological responses and molecular mechanisms.
- Author
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Tenghui Wang, Xuyan Yang, Zhenyu Fan, and Yushu Wang
- Subjects
BRASSICACEAE ,PLANT breeding ,PROTEOMICS ,PHYSIOLOGY ,CROPS - Abstract
Soil salinisation is a growing threat to global agriculture, reducing crop yields. Brassicaceae crops are vital vegetables and cash crops. Salt stress significantly affects the growth and development of Brassicaceae crops. A better understanding of the molecular and physiological mechanisms of salt tolerance is of theoretical and practical importance to improve Brassicaceae crop's salt tolerance and crop quality. Combined with previous research results, we discuss recent advances in research on salt stress response and salt tolerance in Brassicaceae crops. We summarised recent research progress on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of ionic homeostasis, antioxidant regulation, hormonal regulation and accumulation of osmotic-adjustment substances. We also discussed the molecular mechanism of Brassicaceae crop salt tolerant varieties from the perspective of differentially expressed genes, differentially expressed proteins and metabolites through transcriptome, proteome and metabonomic analysis methods. This paper summarises the molecular mechanisms in the perspective of differentially expressed genes, differentially expressed proteins, and metabolites through transcriptomic, proteome and metabolomics analysis. The review provides abundant data for accelerating the breeding of salt-tolerant Brassicaceae and laid a foundation for understanding the mechanism of salt tolerance of Brassicaceae crops and breeding salt-tolerance varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
26. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) application for coping with salinity and drought: a bibliometric network multi‐analysis.
- Author
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Lorenz, C., Vitale, E., Hay‐Mele, B., and Arena, C.
- Subjects
- *
DROUGHT management , *SCIENTIFIC literature , *PLANT growth-promoting rhizobacteria , *PLANT growth , *RHIZOBACTERIA , *SALINITY , *DROUGHTS , *CLIMATE change - Abstract
Rhizobacteria play a crucial role in plant growth and yield, stimulating primary production and improving stress resistance. Climate change has several consequences worldwide that affect arable land and agriculture. Studies on plant–soil–microorganism interactions to enhance plant productivity and/or resistance to abiotic stress may open new perspectives. This strategy aims to make agricultural‐relevant plant species able to complete their biological cycle in extreme soils with the help of inoculated or primed plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR).We provide an overview of the evolution of interest in PGPR research in the last 30 years through: (i) a quantitative search on the Scopus database; (ii) keyword frequencies and clustering analysis, and (iii) a keyword network and time‐gradient analysis.The review of scientific literature on PGPR highlighted an increase in publications in the last 15 years, and a specific time gradient on subtopics, such as abiotic stresses. The rise in PGPR as a keyword co‐occurring with salinity and drought stresses aligns with the growing number of papers from countries directly or partly affected by climate change.The study of PGPR, its features, and related applications will be a key challenge in the next decades, considering climate change effects on agriculture. The increased interest in PGPR leads to deeper knowledge focused specifically on researching agriculturally sustainable solutions for soils affected by salinity and drought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
27. Exogenous Ethylene Promotes the Germination of Cotton Seeds Under Salt Stress.
- Author
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Li, Haipeng, Sun, Hongchun, Ping, Wenchao, Liu, Liantao, Zhang, Yongjiang, Zhang, Ke, Bai, Zhiying, Li, Anchang, Zhu, Jijie, and Li, Cundong
- Subjects
GERMINATION ,COTTONSEED ,LIPID peroxidation (Biology) ,ETHYLENE ,ETHEPHON ,SALT - Abstract
Ethylene promotes seed germination under stress, but the optimum concentration and effect on cotton seeds under salt stress are unclear. In this paper, Nongdamian 601 seeds were used to identify the optimal ethephon (ethylene donor) concentration that promotes cotton seed germination, using 2–150-mM NaCl stress as the study range. The study also examined the effect and physiological characteristics at the optimal ethephon concentration to alleviate cotton seed germination under salt stress. At 150-mM NaCl stress, 2-mM ethephon treatment significantly increased the germination rate and germination potential of cotton seeds by 73.30 and 66.00%. At 7 days of germination, ethephon treatment reduced root length, surface area, and volume more than salt stress, but ethephon increased root diameter. Moreover, ethephon treatment significantly increased the contents of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, proline, and soluble sugar of seeds than salt stress. Ethephon significantly increased the content of malondialdehyde. These results indicate that ethylene enhances the salt tolerance and germination rate of cotton seeds by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, increasing proline content, and alleviating the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Genome wide identification and characterization of MATE family genes in mangrove plants.
- Author
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Shijili, M., Valsalan, Ravisankar, and Mathew, Deepu
- Abstract
Multidrug and Toxic Compound Extrusion (MATE) proteins are essential transporters that extrude metabolites and participate in plant development and cellular detoxification. MATE transporters, which play crucial roles in the survival of mangrove plants under highly challenged environments, by specialized salt extrusion mechanisms, are mined from their genomes and reported here for the first time. Through homology search and domain prediction in the genome assemblies of Avicennia marina, Bruguiera sexangula, Ceriops zippeliana, Kandelia obovata, Rhizophora apiculata and Ceriops tagal, 74, 68, 66, 66, 63 and 64 MATE proteins, respectively were identified. The phylogenetic analysis divided the identified proteins into five major clusters and following the clustering pattern of the functionally characterized proteins, functions of the transporters in each cluster were predicted. Amino acid sequences, exon-intron structure, motif details and subcellular localization pattern for all the 401 proteins are described. The custom designed repeat masking libraries generated for each of these genomes, which will be of extensive use for the researchers worldwide, are also provided in this paper. This is the first study on the MATE genes in mangroves and the results provide comprehensive information on the molecular mechanisms enabling the survival of mangroves under hostile conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
29. Cucumis sativus PHLOEM PROTEIN 2-A1 like gene positively regulates salt stress tolerance in cucumber seedlings
- Author
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Si, Yuyang, Fan, Huaifu, Lu, Hongjie, Li, Yapeng, Guo, Yuting, Liu, Chen, Chai, Li’ang, and Du, Changxia
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Hydrogen-rich water enhanced salt tolerance in tomato seedlings by regulating strigolactone biosynthesis genes SlMAX1 and SlD27
- Author
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Ye, Fujin, Fang, Hua, Feng, Li, Shi, Meimei, Yang, Ruirui, and Liao, Weibiao
- Published
- 2024
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31. Irrigation Optimization via Crop Water Use in Saline Coastal Areas—A Field Data Analysis in China's Yellow River Delta.
- Author
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Li, Jing, Liu, Deyao, Zhang, Yitao, Liu, Zhen, Wang, Lingqing, Gong, Huarui, Xu, Yan, Lei, Shanqing, Xie, Hanyou, and Binley, Andrew
- Subjects
WATER use ,SALINE waters ,WATER conservation ,WATER efficiency ,IRRIGATION ,FOOD security ,CROP rotation - Abstract
Freshwater resources are becoming increasingly scarce in coastal areas, limiting crop productivity in coastal farmlands. Although the characteristic of crop water use is an important factor for water conservation in coastal farmlands, it has not been studied extensively. This study aimed to depict the water use process of soil–plant systems under saline stress in coastal ecosystems and optimize water management. An intensive observation experiment was performed within China's Yellow River Delta to identify the water use processes and crop coefficients (K
C ) and also quantify the impacts of salt stress on crop water use. The results show that shallow groundwater did not contribute to soil water in the whole rotation; KC values for wheat–maize, wheat–sorghum, and wheat–soybean rotation systems were 45.0, 58.4, and 57% less, respectively, than the FAO values. The water use efficiency of the maize (8.70) and sorghum (9.00) in coastal farmlands was higher than that of the soybean (4.37). By identifying the critical periods of water and salt stress, this paper provides suggestions for water-saving and salinity control in coastal farmlands. Our findings can inform the sustainable development of coastal farmlands and provide new insights to cope with aspects of the global food crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
32. Bazı Yerel Fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotiplerinin Çimlenme Evresindeki Tuz Stresine Toleranslık Seviyelerinin Belirlenmesi.
- Author
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Yılmaz, Enes Gökhan, Dinç, Kezban, and Tiryaki, İskender
- Abstract
Copyright of International Journal of Life Sciences & Biotechnology (2651-4621) is the property of International Society of Academicians and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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33. Identification of TPS and TPP gene families in Cannabis sativa and their expression under abiotic stresses.
- Author
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SUN, J., DAI, Z. G., ZHANG, X. Y., TANG, Q., CHENG, C. H., LIU, C., YU, Y., XU, G. C., XIE, D. W., and SU, J. G.
- Subjects
GENE families ,GENE expression ,CANNABIS (Genus) ,ABIOTIC stress ,CULTIVARS ,CHROMOSOME duplication ,CUCUMBER mosaic virus - Abstract
Trehalose is a nonreducing disaccharide that is involved in the regulation of plant responses to a variety of environmental stresses. Trehalose 6-phosphate synthase (TPS) and trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) are two key enzymes in trehalose synthesis and they are widely distributed in higher plants. At present, TPS family genes have been systematically identified and analyzed in many plant species, but the TPP family genes have been rarely studied. In this study, ten TPS and six TPP genes in cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) were identified at the genomic level. The phylogenetic tree of TPS and TPP family members in cannabis, Arabidopsis, and rice was constructed, and all the genes were divided into three subgroups: Class I, Class II, and Class III. The number of exons and motif types among Class I members was exactly the same, as were Class II members, but the gene structure and motif types of Class III members were slightly different. There were four pairs of CsTPSs and CsTPPs that had gene duplication, indicating that gene duplication events played an important role in the amplification of TPS and TPP families in cannabis. The results of expression analysis under abiotic stresses showed that 68.75 % of CsTPS and CsTPP genes were significantly induced by at least one abiotic stress. Among these genes, the expression of CsTPS1, CsTPS9, and CsTPPA was highest under at least one abiotic stress. These three genes may play a key role in abiotic stress responses. Most of the CsTPS and CsTPP genes that are closely located in the evolutionary tree have the same or similar functions. To our knowledge, this is the first paper that systematically reports the TPS and TPP gene families in cannabis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Growth and Physiological Response of Viola tricolor L. to NaCl and NaHCO 3 Stress.
- Author
-
Liu, Xiaoe and Su, Shiping
- Subjects
SALT ,SALT tolerance in plants ,PHOTOSYNTHETIC pigments ,SOIL salinization ,SUPEROXIDE dismutase ,EFFECT of salt on plants - Abstract
Soil salinization is an important environmental problem worldwide and has a significant impact on the growth of plants. In recent years, the mechanisms of plant salt tolerance have received extensive attention from researchers. In this paper, an experiment was implemented to assess the potential effect of different NaCl and NaHCO
3 (sodium bicarbonate—an alkaline salt) concentrations (25 mmol·L−1 , 50 mmol·L−1 , 100 mmol·L−1 , 150 mmol·L−1 and 200 mmol·L−1 ) on the growth, antioxidant enzymes, osmoprotectants, photosynthetic pigments and MDA of Viola tricolor L. to reveal the physiological response and explore the maximum concentrations of NaCl and NaHCO3 stress that V. tricolor can tolerate. The results showed that NaCl and NaHCO3 treatments had significant effects on osmoprotectants, antioxidant enzymes, photosynthetic pigments, MDA content and the plant height growth of V. tricolor. On day 14 of the NaCl and NaHCO3 stress, the height growth of V. tricolor was significantly greater than CK when the concentration of NaCl and NaHCO3 was less than 100 mmol·L−1 . Soluble protein (SP) was significantly greater than CK when the NaCl concentration was less than 150 mmol·L−1 and the NaHCO3 concentration was less than 200 mmol·L−1 ; soluble sugar (SS) was significantly greater than CK under all NaCl and NaHCO3 treatments; proline (Pro) was significantly greater than CK when the NaCl concentration was 150 mmol·L−1 and the NaHCO3 concentration were 150 and 200 mmol·L−1 , respectively. Peroxidase (POD) was significantly greater than CK when the NaCl concentration was less than 200 mmol·L−1 and the NaHCO3 concentration was less than 150 mmol·L−1 ; superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly greater than CK when the NaCl concentration was 50 mmol·L−1 and the NaHCO3 concentrations were 50, 100 and 150 mmol·L−1 , respectively; catalase (CAT) was significantly greater than CK when the NaCl and NaHCO3 concentrations were 25, 50 and 100 mmol·L−1 , respectively. Chlorophyll (Chl) was significantly lower than CK when the NaCl and NaHCO3 concentrations were greater than 100 mmol·L−1 . Malondialdehyde (MDA) gradually increased with the increase in the NaCl and NaHCO3 concentrations. Membership function analysis showed that the concentrations of NaCl and NaHCO3 that V. tricolor was able to tolerate were 150 mmol·L−1 and 200 mmol·L−1 , respectively. Beyond these thresholds, osmoprotectants and antioxidant enzymes were seriously affected, Chl degradation intensified, the photosynthetic system was seriously damaged, and the growth of V. tricolor was severely affected. According to a comprehensive ranking of results, the degree of NaCl stress on V. tricolor was lower than that from NaHCO3 when the treatment concentration was lower than 50 mmol·L−1 , but higher than that from NaHCO3 when it exceeded 50 mmol·L−1 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Regulation of Growth and Salt Resistance in Cucumber Seedlings by Hydrogen-Rich Water.
- Author
-
Yu, Yang, Zhang, Haina, Xing, Hongyun, Cui, Na, Liu, Xiaoyan, Meng, Xiangnan, Wang, Xiaoyan, Fan, Lei, and Fan, Haiyan
- Subjects
CUCUMBERS ,REGULATION of growth ,SOIL salinization ,SEEDLINGS ,REACTIVE oxygen species ,SALT - Abstract
The secondary salinization of soil in facility agriculture is becoming increasingly serious. Cucumber is a moderately salt-sensitive crop, but because of the weak root system and poor resistance to salt stress in cucumber seedlings, it is sensitive to the accumulation of salt in facility soils. Hydrogen, a selective antioxidant and signal molecule, is nontoxic and harmless, and can repair damage in plants under stress. Therefore, the aim of the present paper was to understand the specific mechanism by which hydrogen-rich water (HRW) alleviated salt stress in cucumber seedlings (Cucumis sativus L.). Our results showed that the addition of 50% saturation HRW significantly promoted seedling growth, development and photosynthetic efficiency. Pretreatment with HRW significantly alleviated salt stress symptoms, including the inhibition of fresh and dry weight, root length, lateral roots, and the root/shoot ratio of cucumber seedlings. Pretreatment with HRW increased the chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a/b ratio, and photochemical reaction efficiency, and reduced energy dissipation. These responses to HRW pretreatment were consistent with significant decreases in the superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde contents and the degree of lipid peroxidation, and increases in the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, APX and GR, and the contents of ASA and GSH in cucumber seedlings under salt stress. In addition, HRW pretreatment under salt stress inhibited the expression of the protein kinase ROP1, which promoted the production of reactive oxygen, but upregulated the protein kinase LecRLK. The transcription factor TGA5, which was involved in osmotic stress, ion stress and ROS clearance, and the expression of NHX1 and SOS2, which were parts of the SOS signaling pathway. HRW enhanced the expression of genes that encoded antioxidant enzymes, including SOD, CAT and POD, and the expressions of GR and APX2, which were key genes in the ASA-GSH cycle under salt stress. Taken together, these results suggested that HRW enhanced the active oxygen scavenging ability in cucumber seedlings, promoted the redox balance in cells, and reduced the degree of oxidative damage in plants under salt stress by reducing the content of active oxygen. Therefore, the application of HRW might be a promising strategy for improving salt stress tolerance in cucumber seedlings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. ROS1-mediated decrease in DNA methylation and increase in expression of defense genes and stress response genes in Arabidopsis thaliana due to abiotic stresses.
- Author
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Yang L, Lang C, Wu Y, Meng D, Yang T, Li D, Jin T, and Zhou X
- Subjects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Gene Silencing, Genes, Plant, Plants, Genetically Modified, Adaptation, Physiological genetics, Arabidopsis genetics, Cold-Shock Response genetics, DNA Methylation genetics, Dehydration genetics, Metabolic Networks and Pathways genetics, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Salt Stress genetics
- Abstract
Background: Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) target homologous genomic DNA sequences for cytosine methylation, known as RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM), plays an important role in transposon control and regulation of gene expression in plants. Repressor of silencing 1 (ROS1) can negatively regulate the RdDM pathway., Results: In this paper, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which an upstream regulator ACD6 in the salicylic acid (SA) defense pathway, an ABA pathway-related gene ACO3, and GSTF14, an endogenous gene of the glutathione S-transferase superfamily, were induced by various abiotic stresses. The results demonstrated that abiotic stresses, including water deficit, cold, and salt stresses, induced demethylation of the repeats in the promoters of ACD6, ACO3, and GSTF14 and transcriptionally activated their expression. Furthermore, our results revealed that ROS1-mediated DNA demethylation plays an important role in the process of transcriptional activation of ACD6 and GSTF14 when Arabidopsis plants are subjected to cold stress., Conclusions: This study revealed that ROS1 plays an important role in the molecular mechanisms associated with genes involved in defense pathways in response to abiotic stresses., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
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37. Biochar modification methods and mechanisms for salt-affected soil and saline-alkali soil improvement: A review.
- Author
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Yuchen Lin, Cailian Yu, Yuanbo Zhang, Liu Lu, Dan Xu, and Xianlong Peng
- Subjects
BIOCHAR ,SOILS ,CROP yields ,FUNCTIONAL groups ,SOIL salinity - Abstract
The continuous growth of the world's population has led to an increased demand for food. Biochar (BC) contains valuable functional groups and nutrients, which have been demonstrated to enhance soil properties and boost crop yield. Nonetheless, unmodified BC exhibits significant alkalinity and a large salt concentration; thus, its efficacy in improving saline-alkali soil remains a matter of contention. Therefore, scholars aim to address the aforementioned limitations by adapting BC. In this paper, a summary is given of the methods used to modify BC and the effects of modified BC on salt-affected soil and saline-alkali soil properties, including pH, nutrients and microbial activity. The effects and principles of different modifiers and modification methods on BC's physicochemical properties (porosity and functional group content and type, etc.) were revealed. Furthermore, the principle of soil improvement by modified BC varies depending on the modification method. Although modified BC can effectively enhance salt-affected soil, its excessive application and improper selection of modifiers can aggravate Na+ toxicity or introduce other pollutants into salt-affected soil. Therefore, using modified BC with care is imperative according to the actual situation. In this review, we provide a detailed introduction to the methods and principles of BC modification for saline-alkali soil. Furthermore, we identify the shortcomings and future research directions in this field. These insights are valuable when choosing proper BC modification methods for salt-affected soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Identification, characterization, and genome sequencing of Brevibacterium sediminis MG-1 isolate with growth-promoting properties.
- Author
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Lutfullin, Marat Tafkilevich, Lutfullina, Guzel Fanisovna, Pudova, Dasha Sergeevna, Akosah, Yaw Abayie, Shagimardanova, Elena Ilyasovna, Vologin, Semyon Germanovich, Sharipova, Margarita Rashidovna, and Mardanova, Ayslu Mirkasymovna
- Subjects
NUCLEOTIDE sequencing ,EFFECT of salt on plants ,AEROBIC bacteria ,PLANT growth-promoting rhizobacteria ,BREVIBACTERIUM ,CELL suspensions ,PLANT growth - Abstract
In recent years, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have received increased attention due to their prospective use as biofertilizers for the enhancement of crop growth and yields. However, there is a growing need to identify new PGPR isolates with additional beneficial properties. In this paper, we describe the identification of a new strain of a non-sporulating Gram-positive bacterium isolated from the rhizosphere of potato plants, classified as Brevibacterium sediminis MG-1 based on whole-genome sequencing. The bacteria are aerobic; they grow in a pH range of 6.0–10.0 (optimum 6.0), and a temperature range of 20–37 °C (optimum 30 °C). At 96 h of cultivation, strain MG-1 synthesizes 28.65 µg/ml of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) when 500 µg/ml of l-tryptophan is added. It is a producer of catechol-type siderophores and ACC deaminase (213 ± 12.34 ng/ml) and shows halotolerance. Treatment of pea, rye, and wheat seeds with a suspension of MG-1 strain cells resulted in the stimulation of stem and root biomass accumulation by 12–26% and 6–25% (P < 0.05), respectively. Treatment of seeds with bacteria in the presence of high salt concentration reduced the negative effects of salt stress on plant growth by 18–50%. The hypothetical gene lin, encoding the bacteriocin Linocin-M18, RIPP-like proteins, and polyketide synthase type III (T3PKS) loci, gene clusters responsible for iron acquisition and metabolism of siderophores, as well as gene clusters responsible for auxin biosynthesis, were identified in the B. sediminis MG-1 genome. Thus, the rhizosphere-associated strain B. sediminis MG-1 has growth-stimulating properties and can be useful for the treatment of plants grown on soils with high salinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Progress of Studies on the Mechanism of Plant Response to Salt Stress.
- Author
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XIE Yingyue, WANG Qi, WANG Chunping, ZHOU Bingyu, ZHOU Yu, LIU Fen, and SUN Xiangyu
- Abstract
Salt stress seriously affects plant growth and is a serious factor restricting the safe production of crops. High salt can cause disturbance of ions in plants, and ultimately affect the development, growth and yield of plants. It is very important to understand and improve the salt resistance mechanism of crops to ensure the safe production of crops. In this paper, the harm of salt stress on plants, sodium ion transport, and the response mechanism of plants to salt stress were reviewed. The aim is to provide some theoretical basis for promoting the study of the responding mechanisms of salt stress in plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Effect of 6-benzyladenine on soybean seed germination under salt stress and establishment of stress grade prediction model
- Author
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Ying Gu, Jiachao Li, He Zhang, Dayu Pan, Cheng Wang, Ping Song, and Bin Luo
- Subjects
Soybean ,Salt stress ,6-Benzylaminopurine ,Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technology ,Neural network ,Plant ecology ,QK900-989 - Abstract
Soil salinization severely hinders crop growth and decreases crop yield, and is increasingly an obstacle for the sustainability of agriculture. In this paper, different concentrations of NaCl (0, 50, 100, 150 mmol/L) and 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) (0, 1, 3, 5, 7 mg/L) were mixed together for investigating the mitigative effects of 6-BA on soybean (variety of Zhonghuang 13) germination stage under salt stress. Moreover, in order to quickly monitor the degree of salt stress on soybean, the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) technology was applied to assay the bonding water content and the dormancy of soybean seedling, and to establish the stress level prediction models of back propagation neural network (BPNN), resilient back propagation with backtracking neural network (RPROP-WBNN), resilient back propagation without backtracking neural network (RPROP-OBNN), and global learning resilient back propagation neural network (GRPROPNN), and thus obtaining the optimal model. The results showed that (1) soybean exhibited strong bound water relaxation peaks under salt stress, thus enhancing their water storage capacity and overall survival; (2) the 6-BA could break the physiological dormancy of soybean seeds and promote germ elongation; (3) the RPROP-WBNN index values, including Precision (87.36 %), Recall (87.34 %), Accuracy (93.80 %), and F1-score (0.88) were outperformed the values of all other models. Overall, it could be concluded that the 3 mg/L 6-BA had the best effect on alleviating salt stress in soybean, and the RPROP-WBNN was more conducive to predicting accurately the salt stress level of soybean seeds with LF-NMR technology and neural network. Therefore, this paper could provide the theoretical support and data reference for the study of the response effects of 6-BA to salt stress during soybean seed germination stage with rapid non-destructive monitoring.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Endogenous Polyamines and Ethylene Biosynthesis in Relation to Germination of Osmoprimed Brassica napus Seeds under Salt Stress.
- Author
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Lechowska K, Wojtyla Ł, Quinet M, Kubala S, Lutts S, and Garnczarska M
- Subjects
- Biosynthetic Pathways, Brassica napus growth & development, Ethylenes biosynthesis, Germination, Osmosis, Polyamines metabolism, Salt Stress, Seeds growth & development
- Abstract
Currently, seed priming is reported as an efficient and low-cost approach to increase crop yield, which could not only promote seed germination and improve plant growth state but also increase abiotic stress tolerance. Salinity represents one of the most significant abiotic stresses that alters multiple processes in plants. The accumulation of polyamines (PAs) in response to salt stress is one of the most remarkable plant metabolic responses. This paper examined the effect of osmopriming on endogenous polyamine metabolism at the germination and early seedling development of Brassica napus in relation to salinity tolerance. Free, conjugated and bound polyamines were analyzed, and changes in their accumulation were discussed with literature data. The most remarkable differences between the corresponding osmoprimed and unprimed seeds were visible in the free (spermine) and conjugated (putrescine, spermidine) fractions. The arginine decarboxylase pathway seems to be responsible for the accumulation of PAs in primed seeds. The obvious impact of seed priming on tyramine accumulation was also demonstrated. Moreover, the level of ethylene increased considerably in seedlings issued from primed seeds exposed to salt stress. It can be concluded that the polyamines are involved in creating the beneficial effect of osmopriming on germination and early growth of Brassica napus seedlings under saline conditions through moderate changes in their biosynthesis and accumulation.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Interactions of nanoparticles and salinity stress at physiological, biochemical and molecular levels in plants: A review.
- Author
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Etesami H, Fatemi H, and Rizwan M
- Subjects
- Nanotechnology, Salinity, Stress, Physiological, Nanoparticles, Salt Stress
- Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the most destructive non-biological stresses in plants that has adversely affected many agricultural lands in the world. Salinity stress causes many morphological, physiological, epigenetic and genetic changes in plants by increasing sodium and chlorine ions in the plant cells. The plants can alleviate this disorder to some extent through various mechanisms and return the cell to its original state, but if the salt dose is high, the plants may not be able to provide a proper response and can die due to salt stress. Nowadays, scientists have offered many solutions to this problem. Nanotechnology is one of the most emerging and efficient technologies that has been entered in this field and has recorded very brilliant results. Although some studies have confirmed the positive effects of nontechnology on plants under salinity stress, there is no the complete understanding of the relationship and interaction of nanoparticles and intracellular mechanisms in the plants. In the review paper, we have tried to reach a conclusion from the latest articles that how NPs could help salt-stressed plants to recover their cells under salt stress so that we can take a step towards clearing the existing ambiguities for researchers in this field., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Heme is involved in the exogenous ALA-promoted growth and antioxidant defense system of cucumber seedlings under salt stress
- Author
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Wu, Yue, Li, Jing, Wang, Junwen, Dawuda, Mohammed Mujitaba, Liao, Weibiao, Meng, Xin, Yuan, Hong, Xie, Jianming, Tang, Zhongqi, Lyu, Jian, and Yu, Jihua
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Improved physiological and morphological traits of root synergistically enhanced salinity tolerance in rice under appropriate nitrogen application rate.
- Author
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Yinglong Chen, Yang Liu, Jianfei Ge, Rongkai Li, Rui Zhang, Yang Zhang, Zhongyang Huo, Ke Xu, Huanhe Wei, and Qigen Dai
- Subjects
SALINITY ,SOIL salinity ,ALKALI lands ,GRAIN yields ,NITROGEN ,PADDY fields ,GRAIN - Abstract
Numerous papers studied the relations between nitrogen rate and rice yield in saline soils, whereas the rice root morphological and physiological characteristics mediating nitrogen rates in yield formation under varied salinity levels remain less concerns. Through a field experiment applied with five nitrogen rates (0, 210, 255, 300, 345, and 390 kg ha
-1 ) in saline land, we found that rice yield peaked at 7.7 t ha-1 under 300 kg ha-1 nitrogen, and excessive N was not conductive for increasing yield. To further elucidate its internal physiological mechanism, a pot experiment was designed with three N rates (210 [N1], 300 [N2], 390 [N3] kg ha-1 ) and three salt concentrations (0 [S0], 1.5 [S1], 3.0 [S2] g kg-1 NaCl). Results showed that the average grain yield was decreased by 19.1 and 51.1% under S1 and S2, respectively, while notably increased by 18.5 and 14.5% under N2 and N3, respectively. Salinity stress significantly inhibited root biomass, root length and surface area, root oxidation capacity (ROC), K+ and K+ /Na+ ratio, and nitrogen metabolism-related enzyme activities, whereas root Na+ and antioxidant enzyme activities were notably increased. The mechanism of how insufficient N supply (N1) affected rice yield formation was consistent at different salinity levels, which displayed adverse impacts on root morphological and physiological traits, thereby significantly inhibiting leaf photosynthesis and grain yield of rice. However, the mechanism thorough which excessive N (N3) affected yield formation was quite different under varied salinity levels. Under lower salinity (S0 and S1), no significant differences on root morphological traits and grain yield were observed except the significantly decline in activities of NR and GS between N3 and N2 treatments. Under higher salinity level (S2), the decreased ROC, K+ /Na+ ratio due to increased Na+ , antioxidant enzyme activities, and NR and GS activities were the main reason leading to undesirable root morphological traits and leaf photosynthesis, which further triggered decreased grain yield under N3 treatment, compared to that under N2 treatment. Overall, our results suggest that improved physiological and morphological traits of root synergistically enhanced salinity tolerance in rice under appropriate nitrogen application rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. 植物感受盐胁迫及相关钙信号的研究进展.
- Author
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陈娇娆, 续旭, 胡章立, and 杨爽
- Subjects
INTRACELLULAR calcium ,PROTEIN kinases ,AGRICULTURAL productivity ,FOOD security ,PLANT growth ,AGRICULTURAL technology ,CALCIUM channels - Abstract
Copyright of Bulletin of Botanical Research is the property of Bulletin of Botanical Research Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. 外源 CO 供体高铁血红素对盐胁迫下加工番茄苗期 根系形态及生理特性的影响.
- Author
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滕元旭, 骆霞, 张雪蒙, and 崔辉梅
- Subjects
- *
CARBON monoxide , *TOMATOES , *SALT , *MORPHOLOGY - Abstract
[Objective] The paper aimed to study the effects of spraying different concentrations of CO donors on processed tomato seedlings under salt stress, and provided a theoretical basis for exploring the role of CO in areas such as improving salt tolerance in tomato. [Method] Processed tomato line KT-32 was used as the experimental material, and four treatments of exogenous CO donors (0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.25 mmol/L) were set up by hydroponic culture with Hoagland nutrient solution culture (CK) and salt stress (100 mmol/L NaCl) + spraying, the root morphology, osmoregulatory substance content, reactive oxygen species (ROS), membrane lipid activity degree and cell membrane permeability of each treatment were measured. Combining analysis of variance and principal component analysis, the optimal concentration of exogenous CO donors under 100 mmol/L NaCl stress was analyzed. [Result]] Salt stress inhibited root growth of processed tomato seedlings, causing a decrease in total root length, root volume, and average root diameter, an increase in reactive oxygen species content in leaves, degradation of chlorophyll and proteins, and damaged to cell membrane structure and activation of protective enzyme systems. The injury of salt stress on processed tomatoes was alleviated when CO donors were exogenously applied, with the best effect at a concentration of 15 µmol/L (H3), and at 9 days of salt treatment, total root length, root projected area, root surface area, root mean diameter, and root volume were increased by 24. 22%, 38.16%, 38. 16%, 24.51%, 24.51%, and 53.97%, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content increased by 29. 04%, 34.73%, and 30.75%, respectively, and osmoregulatory substance proline content, soluble sugar content, and relative water content of leaves increased by 40.68%, 55.20%, and 117.34%, respectively, and the rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) O2- production and H2O2 content in leaves decreased by 47.34% and 20.91%, respectively; The activities of protective enzymes SOD, POD and APX increased by 36. 19%, 97.23% and 135.35%, respectively; MDA content and relative conductivity decreased by 57.82% and 19.35%, respectively; 21 indicators of root morphology and physiology of processed tomato seedlings were normalized by the principal component analysis showed that the overall score of H3 treatment was higher than that of other treatments subjected to salt stress, ranking second among all treatments at 2. 25. [Conclusion] Exogenous CO increases the antioxidant enzyme activity and osmoregulatory substances of processed tomato seedlings under salt stress, reduces membrane lipid peroxidation, increases photosynthetic pigment content, maintains the relative stability of the antioxidant enzyme system and reactive oxygen species in the internal and external membrane environment, and has a concentration effect, with the best alleviation effect at 15 µmol/L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Nano-silicone and Ascophyllum nodosum-based biostimulant down-regulates the negative effect of in vitro induced-salinity in Rosa damascena
- Author
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Seyed Hajizadeh, Hanifeh, Azizi, Sahar, Aghaee, Ahmad, Karakus, Sinem, and Kaya, Ozkan
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. 耐盐菌对盐胁迫下水稻种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.
- Author
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刘鹏, 毕江涛, 罗成科, 惠治兵, 李文兵, 肖国举, and 王静
- Subjects
BACILLUS thuringiensis ,SOIL salinization ,RICE seeds ,BUDS ,BACILLUS subtilis ,GERMINATION ,RICE breeding - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. РОЛЬ миРНК В ОТВЕТАХ НА СОЛЕВОЙ СТРЕСС ХЛОПЧАТНИКА.
- Author
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Ализаде, Шадер
- Subjects
NON-coding RNA ,PLANT productivity ,MICRORNA ,ABIOTIC stress ,PLANT growth ,COTTON - Abstract
Copyright of Advances in Biology & Earth Sciences is the property of Jomard Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
50. In vitro selection for drought and salt stress tolerance in rice: an overview
- Author
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Sahu, Monika, Maurya, Shrinkhla, and Jha, Zenu
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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