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52. For the chemistry of cultural heritage (Part V – The cultural heritage with paper basis exhibits and preventive conservation planning)
- Author
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Mamuka Matsaberidze and Inga Janelidze
- Published
- 2023
53. Sanofi-Cell Research outstanding paper award of 2021
- Subjects
Awards and Prizes - Published
- 2023
54. Treatment of clay soil with paper ash
- Author
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Inas Berdi, Salah Messast, Riad Benzaid, and Imane Idoui
- Subjects
recovery ,paper waste ash ,TA1-2040 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,industrial waste ,stabilization - Abstract
The mineralogy of fine soils such as clays has always posed problems and remains an uncontrollable phenomenon in the presence of water and causes destructible damage throughout the world. In order to minimize the cost of implementation, it is necessary to find practical and less expensive solutions to ensure the stabilization of these soils by the valorisation of local waste available in nature. This article concerns an experimental study on the treatment of reconstituted soil by the addition of paper ash of different proportions on a set of standardized tests, the preliminary results show that the paper ash to the clay soil improves its swelling potential, its plasticity, its compaction characteristics, and its shear strength parameters.
- Published
- 2021
55. Decoding Communicative Intent: Rhetoric Moves and Metadiscourse in DepEd Funded Research Papers
- Author
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Oestar, Jennifer M.
- Subjects
Communicative intent, genre analysis, metadiscourse, rhetoric moves, research papers - Abstract
This study sought to decode the communicative intent of the analyzed rhetoric moves and metadiscourse markers of basic and action research funded under the Department of Education’s Basic Education Research Fund (BERF). Genre Analysis was used to analyze the corpora of the 30 BERF papers completed from 2016-2022. With the aid of coding sheets, the following structures were used: a combination of Hardjanto’s (1997; 2017) and Kosasih’s (2018) Abstract; Swales and Feak’s (2012) Introduction, Mc Combes’ (2019; 2021) Research Questions; Kwan’s (2006) Literature Review; DepEd’s Innovation, Intervention, and Strategy; a combination of Lim (2006), Peacock (2011), Kanoksilapatham (2012) and Huang’s (2014) Methodology; Swales and Feak’s (2012) Results and Discussion, and Yang & Allison’s (2003) Conclusion and Recommendation moves and steps framework. Using the Krippendorff alpha coefficient, the inter-rater reliability of the coders was set at almost perfect agreement (0. 838 or 84%). Generally, 26 obligatory, 31 optional, and 25 non-obligatory moves and steps were identified per the research section. Metadiscourse markers were determined utilizing AntConc 4.0.10 and were ranked as follows: (1) Evidentials, (2) Transition, (2) Self-mentions, (4) Code glosses, (5) Frame Markers, (6) Attitude Markers, (7) Hedges, (8) Engagement Markers, (9) Boosters, and (10) Endophoric Markers. Integrating the rhetoric moves, steps, and markers, the researcher came up with the six communicative intents (Inform, Outline, Convince, Explain, Present, Integrate) in writing research. A structure for writing BERF research proposal and completed papers were crafted in response to the findings. This study shall promote the culture of research, contribute to the growing literature, address gaps, and open opportunities for follow-up studies.  
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
56. Stability of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus varies across different paper types
- Author
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Tomo Daidoji, Hajime Miyazaki, Takaaki Nakaya, Risa Bandou, Ryohei Hirose, Takuma Yoshida, Naoto Watanabe, and Yoshito Itoh
- Subjects
Paper ,Microbiology (medical) ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Virus transmission ,viruses ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,IP, inkjet paper ,PBS, phosphate-buffered saline ,Viral transmission ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ,Virus ,IPP, inkjet photo paper ,FBS, fetal bovine serum ,IAV, influenza A virus ,Influenza A virus ,medicine ,Humans ,Surface structure ,Pharmacology (medical) ,FFU, focus-forming units ,DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium ,TCID50, 50% tissue culture infectious dose ,SARS-CoV-2 ,PP, plain paper ,Postcard ,COVID-19 ,MDCK, Madin–Darby canine kidney ,Orthomyxoviridae ,Virology ,Infectious Diseases ,Original Article ,Stability - Abstract
Introduction The assessment of the risk of virus transmission through papers, such as postcards, is important. However, the stability of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza A virus (IAV) on different types of papers is currently unknown. Investigation of the survival time of these viruses on different types of papers will provide insights into their risk of long-distance transport by postal items. Methods We evaluated the stability of SARS-CoV-2 and IAV, mixed with a culture medium, on the surface of postcards with various coatings, including plain paper (PP), inkjet paper (IP), and inkjet photo paper (IPP). The surface structure of each paper was microscopically assessed. Results The surface structures of PP, IP, and IPP varied greatly depending on the presence or absence, and type, of coat layer, regardless of the base material. IP and IPP surfaces were less conducive to virus survival than PP surfaces, because of the difference in surface shapes. The survival times of SARS-CoV-2 on each paper were approximately 59.8 (PP), 6.5 (IP), and 9.8 h (IPP), and significantly longer than those of IAV (10.3, 1.8, and 3.3 h, respectively). Conclusions The risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission via paper, such as postcards, is significantly higher than that of IAV transmission. While PP, IP, and IPP have the same base material, their surface structures differ, which affects viral stability. The IP and IPP surfaces are less suitable for virus survival. This study provides novel insights into the risks of viral transmission via paper.
- Published
- 2022
57. A Distance-Based Microfluidic Paper-Based Biosensor for Glucose Measurements in Tear Range
- Author
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Mohsen Rabbani and Samira Allameh
- Subjects
Paper ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Microfluidics ,Glucose Measurement ,Bioengineering ,Biosensing Techniques ,General Medicine ,Microfluidic Analytical Techniques ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Biochemistry ,Glucose Oxidase ,Paper based biosensor ,Glucose ,Range (statistics) ,Optoelectronics ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Horseradish Peroxidase ,Distance based ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes has increased over the past years. Therefore, developing minimally invasive, user-friendly and cost-effective glucose biosensors is necessary especially in low-income and developing countries. Cellulose paper-based analytical devices have attracted the attention of many researchers due to affordability, not requiring trained personnel, and complex equipment. This paper describes a microfluidic paper-based analytical device for the detection of glucose in tear with the naked eye. The paper-based biosensor fabricated by laser CO2, and GOx/HRP enzymatic solution coupled with TMB was utilized as reagents. A sample volume of 10 µl was needed for the biosensor operation and the results were observable within 5 minutes. To evaluate the device performance, color intensity-based and distance-based results were analyzed by ImageJ and Tracker. Distance-based results showed a linear behavior in the range of 0.1–0.6 mM with an R2 = 0.967 and LOD of 0.2 mM. The results could be perceived by the naked eye without any need to further equipment or trained personnel in a relatively short time (3–5 minutes). Moreover, glucose concentration could be obtained non-invasively by tears collected by this µPAD.
- Published
- 2022
58. Are models better read on paper or on screen? A comparative study
- Author
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El-Attar, Mohamed
- Subjects
Controlled experiment ,Modeling and Simulation ,Screen-based reading use case diagrams ,Regular Paper ,Student-based experiments ,Paper-based reading ,Software ,Feature diagrams ,Model comprehension ,Model representation - Abstract
Is it really better to print everything, including software models, or is it better to view them on screen? With the ever increasing complexity of software systems, software modeling is integral to software development. Software models facilitate and automate many activities during development, such as code and test case generation. However, a core goal of software modeling is to communicate and collaborate. Software models are presented to team members on many mediums and two of the most common mediums are paper and computer screens. Reading from paper or screen is ostensibly considered to have the same effect on model comprehension. However, the literature on text reading has indicated that the reading experiences can be very different which in turn effects various metrics related to reader performance. This paper reports on an experiment that was conducted to investigate the effect of reading software models on paper in comparison with reading them on a computer screen with respect to cognitive effectiveness. Cognitive effectiveness here refers to the ease by which a model reader can read a model. The experiment used a total of 74 software engineering students as subjects. The experiment results provide strong evidence that displaying diagrams on a screen allows subjects to read them quicker. There is also evidence that indicates that on screen viewing induces fewer reading errors.
- Published
- 2022
59. Image-Based OA-style Paper Pop-up Design via Mixed-Integer Programming
- Author
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Fei Huang, Chen Liu, Kai-Wen Hsiao, Ying-Miao Kuo, Hung-Kuo Chu, and Yong-Liang Yang
- Subjects
image-based design ,mixed-integer programming ,Signal Processing ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,origami architecture ,paper pop-up ,foldable structure ,Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design ,Software - Abstract
Origami architecture (OA) is a fascinating papercraft that involves only a piece of paper with cuts and folds. Interesting geometric structures ‘pop up’ when the paper is opened. However, manually designing such a physically valid 2D paper pop-up plan is challenging since fold lines must jointly satisfy hard spatial constraints. Existing works on automatic OA-style paper pop-up design all focused on how to generate a pop-up structure that approximates a given target 3D model. This paper presents the first OA-style paper pop-up design framework that takes 2D images instead of 3D models as input. Our work is inspired by the fact that artists often use 2D profiles to guide the design process, thus benefited from the high availability of 2D image resources. Due to the lack of 3D geometry information, we perform novel theoretic analysis to ensure the foldability and stability of the resultant design. Based on a novel graph representation of the paper pop-up plan, we further propose a practical optimization algorithm via mixed-integer programming that jointly optimizes the topology and geometry of the 2D plan. We also allow the user to interactively explore the design space by specifying constraints on fold lines. Finally, we evaluate our framework on various images with interesting 2D shapes. Experiments and comparisons exhibit both the efficacy and efficiency of our framework.
- Published
- 2022
60. Paper-based laser-induced graphene for sustainable and flexible microsupercapacitor applications
- Author
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Ricardo Correia, Ana Marques, João Coelho, Elvira Fortunato, Maria Rosário P. Correia, Sara Silvestre, Joana Vaz Pinto, Rodrigo Martins, Tomás Pinheiro, CENIMAT-i3N - Centro de Investigação de Materiais (Lab. Associado I3N), DCM - Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, and UNINOVA-Instituto de Desenvolvimento de Novas Tecnologias
- Subjects
Paper electronics ,Laser-induced graphene ,Lasers ,Graphite ,Flexible devices ,Microsupercapacitors ,Sustainable production methods ,Electric Capacitance ,Electrodes ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
Funding Information: Open access funding provided by FCT|FCCN (b-on). This work was financed by national funds from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), I.P., in the scope of the projects LA/P/0037/2020, UIDP/50025/2020, and UIDB/50025/2020 of the Associate Laboratory Institute of Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication–i3N and by FEDER funds through the COMPETE 2020 Program and National Funds through Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology under projects POCI-01–0145-FEDER-007688, UID/CTM/50025 and by ERC AdG grant from the project DIGISMART (ERC-AdG-2017, GA 787410). J.C. would like to acknowledge FCT/MCTES for his present research contract with reference CEECIND/00880/2018. R.C. acknowledges funding from i3N-FCT I.P. through the PhD Grant UI/BD/151295/2021. S. S. and T. P. also acknowledge the funding from National Foundation for Science and Technology, through the PhD Grants SFRH/BD/149751/2019 and 2020.08606.BD, respectively. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s). Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is as a promising material for flexible microsupercapacitors (MSCs) due to its simple and cost-effective processing. However, LIG-MSC research and production has been centered on non-sustainable polymeric substrates, such as polyimide. In this work, it is presented a cost-effective, reproducible, and robust approach for the preparation of LIG structures via a one-step laser direct writing on chromatography paper. The developed strategy relies on soaking the paper in a 0.1 M sodium tetraborate solution (borax) prior to the laser processing. Borax acts as a fire-retardant agent, thus allowing the laser processing of sensitive substrates that other way would be easily destroyed under the high-energy beam. LIG on paper exhibiting low sheet resistance (30 Ω sq−1) and improved electrode/electrolyte interface was obtained by the proposed method. When used as microsupercapacitor electrodes, this laser-induced graphene resulted in specific capacitances of 4.6 mF cm−2 (0.015 mA cm−2). Furthermore, the devices exhibit excellent cycling stability (> 10,000 cycles at 0.5 mA cm−2) and good mechanical properties. By connecting the devices in series and parallel, it was also possible to control the voltage and energy delivered by the system. Thus, paper-based LIG-MSC can be used as energy storage devices for flexible, low-cost, and portable electronics. Additionally, due to their flexible design and architecture, they can be easily adapted to other circuits and applications with different power requirements. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] publishersversion published
- Published
- 2022
61. Investigation of Papers According to Optical and Physical Properties Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making Method
- Author
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Ufuk YILMAZ
- Subjects
Fuel Technology ,Basic Sciences ,Temel Bilimler ,Multi criteria decision making ,PROMETHEE method ,paper ,optical properties ,physical properties ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology - Abstract
In this study, using the multi-criteria decision-making mechanism PROMETHEE method, a decision-making mechanism is created for the most suitable paper selection according to some optical and physical properties of the papers. Within the scope of the study, 80 g/m2 high grade papers obtained from 5 different companies are used. The optical and physical properties of these papers are measured in the laboratory environment and the most suitable paper is selected by using the multi-criteria decision-making method. By using this method, the situations where the decision makers are undecided in the selection of paper became meaningful. By using this method, the most suitable paper can be selected in cases where there is uncertainty in both the paper and printing sector, and this method can be used by all companies that appeal to this sector. This study, which may attract the attention of many companies for the paper industry, has the potential to shed light on the studies in the field of decision making.
- Published
- 2022
62. Making paper from materials that are essential to our lives/making paper without trees is the new 'Must'
- Author
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Carmen-Alice Teacă
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Bioengineering ,Waste Management and Disposal - Abstract
Paper, which is in fact a very complex cellulose-based product derived from different lignocellulosic resources, is usually regarded as a simple omnipresent commodity in our lives. Wood fibers derived from trees are the most employed sources for papermaking purposes. From an environmental protection perspective, and for their essential role in our life (they give us the life itself through their foliar system supporting the photosynthesis process), trees should not be extensively cut down and they should be used less and less for papermaking. Thus, employment of non-woody alternative sources for papermaking could be exploited more as an attractive and feasible option.
- Published
- 2023
63. Effect of Hydrophobization of Paper by Gas Grafting on Physical Properties of Recycled Paper
- Author
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Kyu Hwan Noh, Yu-Rim Shin, Hyeon Ji Kang, Han Byul Kim, and Jeong-Yong Ryu
- Subjects
Media Technology ,General Materials Science ,General Chemistry - Published
- 2023
64. Application of spruce wood flour as a cellulosic-based wood additive for recycled paper applications— A pilot paper machine study
- Author
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Sandro Zier and Klaus Dölle
- Subjects
Paper machine ,business.product_category ,Cellulosic ethanol ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Chemical Engineering ,Media Technology ,Environmental science ,General Materials Science ,Wood flour ,General Chemistry ,business ,Pulp and paper industry - Abstract
This study gives a first insight into the use of wood flour as a plant-based and cellulosic-based alter-native additive for newsprint and paperboard production using 100% recycled fibers as a raw material. The study compares four varieties of a spruce wood flour product serving as cellulosic-based additives at addition rates of 2%, 4%, and 6% during operation of a 12-in. laboratory pilot paper machine. Strength properties of the produced newsprint and linerboard products were analyzed. Results suggested that spruce wood flour as a cellulosic-based additive represents a promising approach for improving physical properties of paper and linerboard products made from 100% recycled fiber content. This study shows that wood flour pretreated with a plant-based polysaccharide and untreated spruce wood flour product with a particle size range of 20 μm to 40 μm and 40 μm to 70 μm can increase the bulk and tensile properties in newsprint and linerboard applications.
- Published
- 2021
65. Determinants of Short-Term Corporate Yield Spreads: Evidence from the Commercial Paper Market
- Author
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Jing-Zhi Jay Huang, Zhan Shi, and Bibo Liu
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Commercial paper ,Rollover (finance) ,Yield (finance) ,Accounting ,Economics ,Secondary market ,Monetary economics ,Liquidity risk ,Database transaction ,Finance ,Credit risk ,Market liquidity - Abstract
What drives short-term credit spreads: credit risk, liquidity risk, or both? We investigate this issue using the structural approach to credit risk modeling and a novel data set of secondary market transaction prices for Chinese commercial papers (CPs). In particular, we propose and test a structural model with jump risk and exogenous market illiquidity under which the predicted yield spreads can be decomposed into a credit component and a liquidity component. We find that credit risk and, especially liquidity risk, are important determinants of short-term yield spreads. Our model-based decomposition results show that, on average, credit risk and market liquidity account for about 25% and 52% of CP yield spreads, respectively. For comparison, we also examine the drivers of the US CP yield spreads using security-level data. We find that credit risk accounts for a small fraction of the observed yield spreads but liquidity contributes a much greater proportion.
- Published
- 2022
66. An application study of membraneless-gas separation microfluidic paper-based analytical device for monitoring total ammonia in fish pond water using natural reagent
- Author
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Puspita Mufidah Sari, Adawiah Daud, Hermin Sulistyarti, Akhmad Sabarudin, and Duangjai Nacapricha
- Subjects
Paper ,Ammonia ,Ammonium Compounds ,Microfluidics ,Water ,Indicators and Reagents ,Ponds ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
The membraneless-gas separation microfluidic paper-based analytical device (ML-GS μPAD), consisting of donor, spacer, and acceptor layers, was developed to monitor total ammonia in fish pond water. The principle of the analysis involved the addition of sodium hydroxide solution to the sample zone in the donor layer containing ammonia/ammonium, and the produced ammonia gas diffuses through the spacer to the detection zone in the acceptor layer containing red rose extract to produce a color change from pink to blue corresponding to the ammonia/ammonium concentration. Under optimum conditions, the proposed method provided good linearity of ammonia in the range concentration of 0-100 mg L
- Published
- 2022
67. Co-application of wood biochar and paper mill biosolids affects yield and short-term nitrogen and phosphorus availability in temperate loamy soils
- Author
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Eric Manirakiza, Bernard Gagnon, and Noura Ziadi
- Subjects
Biosolids ,business.industry ,Phosphorus ,Land management ,Soil Science ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Paper mill ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Nitrogen ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Loam ,Biochar ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,Temperate climate ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Environmental science ,business ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Amending croplands with forest residues may help in restoring soil properties in fields subject to intensive land management. Despite their known benefits when applied separately, co-application of wood biochar with paper mill biosolids (PB) has seen little investigation under field conditions. A study was initiated in Québec, QC, Canada, to determine the effect of a single application of wood biochar with and without PB on the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability of two pH-neutral to alkaline loamy soils. Biochar at 0, 10, and 20 Mg dry weight·ha−1 and PB at 30 Mg wet weight·ha−1 were applied before planting of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in 2018. Residual effect of this co-application was determined under soybean and corn in the subsequent year. In both years, corn received supplemental N and P from mineral fertilizers according to local agronomic recommendations. Co-applying biochar and PB reduced soil NO3-N availability in the year of application and decreased corn yield by 1.0 Mg·ha−1 compared with biochar or PB applied alone, but these amendments did not affect soybean yields. In the following year, the previous biochar addition increased soybean yield by 0.6 Mg·ha−1 but had little effect on corn. For both years, biochar addition induced a large increase in soil Mehlich-3 P. This study revealed that wood biochar positively impacted P status of these soils but was not a source of N to crops even when co-applied with PB.
- Published
- 2022
68. Changes in soil pH and nutrient extractability after co-applying biochar and paper mill biosolids
- Author
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Noura Ziadi, Hani Antoun, Antoine Karam, Mervin St. Luce, Eric Manirakiza, and Chantal Hamel
- Subjects
Nutrient ,Biosolids ,business.industry ,Soil pH ,Environmental chemistry ,Biochar ,Soil Science ,Environmental science ,Paper mill ,business - Abstract
Acidification and metal mobility may present challenges in soil receiving paper mill biosolids (PB). Co-applying biochar and PB could help prevent these issues, but its effect must be assessed. The objective of this 224 d incubation study was to evaluate the effect of amending two acidic soils, a clay and sandy loam, with two PB types varying in pH (PB1, pH = 7.80; and PB2, pH = 4.51) co-applied with three rates (0%, 2.5%, and 5% w/w) of pine (Pinus strobus L.) biochar on soil pH and macro- (P, K, Ca, and Mg) and micronutrients (Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn). In both soils, co-applying biochar and PB significantly increased soil pH and extractable K concentration compared with PB-only application, whereas amending with PB significantly increased soil extractable P concentration compared with the unamended soil. In comparison with PB only, co-applying 5% biochar and PB decreased extractable Cu concentration in both soils and extractable Fe concentration in the sandy loam soil. This study showed that co-applying biochar and PB can be more beneficial to agricultural soils than application of PB alone by supplying nutrients and helping prevent metal toxicity by raising pH, especially in acidic sandy soils.
- Published
- 2022
69. Effects of cellulose nanofibrils and starch compared with polyacrylamide on fundamental properties of pulp and paper
- Author
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Hossein Jalali Torshizi, Milad Tajik, Hossein Resalati, and Yahya Hamzeh
- Subjects
Paper ,Chemical Phenomena ,Starch ,Polyacrylamide ,Acrylic Resins ,Nanofibers ,Bagasse pulp ,engineering.material ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Biopolymers ,stomatognathic system ,Structural Biology ,Nano ,Cellulose ,Molecular Biology ,Mechanical Phenomena ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Pulp (paper) ,Cationic polymerization ,General Medicine ,Polymer ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,engineering - Abstract
Bio-based additives received significant attention in pulp and paper properties improvement. For this, the most cited biochemical Cellulose Nano Fibrils (CNFs) and Cationic Starch (CS) were experimentally compared with the most declared synthetic chemical, Cationic Polyacrylamide (CPAM). SEM images showed better paper surface filling by the utilization of the chemicals. The three studied polymers, in solely or combination mechanism, improved mainly bagasse pulp and paper properties compared to the blank sample, except for pulp drainage, which decreased by CNFs to lower volumes presumably due to its intrinsic characteristics. Cationic polymers (CP) compared to CP/CNFs approaches increased pulp retention and drainage but decreased paper density and strengths. The best pulp retention and drainage achieved by CS followed by CPAM, while paper air persistency, density, and strength properties evaluated highest by CP/CNFs followed by CNFs. Generally, CS revealed a more significant improvement in pulp and paper properties than CPAM either with or without CNFs.
- Published
- 2021
70. The cost and cost efficiency of conducting a 24-h dietary recall using INDDEX24, a mobile dietary assessment platform, compared with pen-and-paper interview in Viet Nam and Burkina Faso
- Author
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Katherine P. Adams, Winnie Bell, Jérome W. Somé, Brooke Colaiezzi, Sarah Wafa, Beatrice Rogers, and Jennifer Coates
- Subjects
24-h dietary recall ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Nutrition & Dietetics ,Cost ,Prevention ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Diet ,Cost efficiency ,Nutrition Assessment ,Good Health and Well Being ,Food Sciences ,Vietnam ,Animal Production ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Burkina Faso ,Humans ,Computer-assisted personal interview ,Female ,Pen-and-paper interview - Abstract
The INDDEX24 Dietary Assessment Platform (INDDEX24) was developed to facilitate the collection of 24-h dietary recall (24HR) data. Alongside validation studies in Viet Nam and Burkina Faso in 2019–2020, we conducted activity-based costing studies to estimate the cost of conducting a 24HR among women of reproductive age using INDDEX24 compared with the pen-and-paper interview (PAPI) approach. We also modelled alternative scenarios in which: (1) 25–75 % of dietary reference data were borrowed from the INDDEX24 Global Food Matters Database (FMDB); (2) all study personnel were locally based and (3) national-scale surveys. In the primary analysis, in Viet Nam, the 24HR cost US $111 004 ($755/respondent, n 147) using INDDEX24 and $120 483 ($820/respondent, n 147) using PAPI. In Burkina Faso, the 24HR cost $78 105 ($539/respondent, n 145) using INDDEX24 and $79 465 ($544/respondent, n 146) using PAPI. In modelled scenarios, borrowing dietary reference data from the FMDB decreased the cost of INDDEX24 by 17–34 % (Viet Nam) and 5–15 % (Burkina Faso). With all locally based personnel, INDDEX24 cost more than PAPI ($498 v. $448 per respondent in Viet Nam and $456 v. $410 in Burkina Faso). However, at national scales (n 4376, Viet Nam; n 6500, Burkina Faso) using all locally based personnel, INDDEX24 was more cost-efficient ($109 v. $137 per respondent in Viet Nam and $123 v. $148 in Burkina Faso). In two countries and under most circumstances, INDDEX24 was less expensive than PAPI. Higher INDDEX24 survey preparation costs (including purchasing equipment) were more than offset by higher PAPI data entry, cleaning and processing costs. INDDEX24 may facilitate cost-efficient dietary data collection.
- Published
- 2023
71. When Kafka Rode a Paper Tiger Towards the Peach Blossom Spring: A Conversation on Contemporary Performance with Tian Gebing and Christoph Lepschy
- Author
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Stecher, Anna
- Subjects
Kafka ,Paper Tiger Studio ,Paper Tiger Studio, Displacement, Trans-cultural theatre, Kafka, Peach Blossom Spring ,Displacement ,Peach Blossom Spring ,Trans-cultural theatre - Published
- 2023
72. Highly selective paper-based and colorimetric detection for arsenic(V) with methylene blue-functionalized gold nanoparticles
- Author
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Eunsoo Wi and Younghun Kim
- Subjects
General Chemical Engineering - Published
- 2023
73. Bio-based sandwich beams made of paper honeycomb cores and flax FRP facings: Flexural and shear characteristics
- Author
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Yuchen Fu and Pedram Sadeghian
- Subjects
Architecture ,Building and Construction ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Published
- 2023
74. Tailoring the micro- and nanostructure of polymer-derived ceramic papers
- Author
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Johannes Peter, Emanuel Ionescu, and Hans-Joachim Kleebe
- Subjects
Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites - Published
- 2023
75. Real, misreported, and backfilled adherence with paper sleep diaries
- Author
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Megan Clegg-Kraynok, Lauren Barnovsky, and Eric S. Zhou
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2023
76. Ni-doped WC/Mo2C with different W/Mo ratios coating on carbon fiber paper prepared by molten salt method for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution
- Author
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Zhicong Luo, Lei Zhang, Juntong Huang, Xin Wang, Sinong Wang, Tianyi Ding, Zhi Chen, Zhijun Feng, Huiyong Yang, and Xibao Li
- Subjects
Process Chemistry and Technology ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2023
77. Cellular aggregation dictates universal spreading behaviour of a whole-blood drop on a paper strip
- Author
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Sampad Laha, Shantimoy Kar, and Suman Chakraborty
- Subjects
Biomaterials ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2023
78. Fire-Resistant Paper Based on Ultralong Hydroxyapatite Nanowires
- Author
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Ying-Jie, Zhu
- Subjects
General Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Condensed Matter Physics - Published
- 2023
79. Dickens and Democracy in the Age of Paper: Representing the People by Carolyn Vellenga Berman
- Author
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John M. L. Drew
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Materials Chemistry ,Media Technology ,Forestry - Published
- 2023
80. Experience of Using Antifungal Rocima GT for Protection of Paper from Biological Damage Caused by Fungi
- Author
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Alexey D. Vlasov, Katerina V. Sazanova, Elena G. Hosid, Tat’yana S. Tkachenko, Andrey I. Alekseev, Ivan M. Pchelin, and Alexandr A. Galushkin
- Subjects
Aspergillus niger ,biodeterioration ,organic acids ,paper ,biocides ,Rocima GT ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
This study proposes a method for the chamber disinfection of paper with biocide in the form of fine, volatile droplets using antifungal Rocima GT. This method provides a fungicidal effect, and within a short exposure time, a fungistatic one. At a concentration of 5% Rocima GT solution, the minimum treatment time to ensure the complete disinfection of paper was 15 min. The proposed method of disinfection by a chemical mist was less harmful to paper than disinfection using a swab saturated in a biocide solution. It was noted that when using Rocima GT at insufficient concentrations to inhibit fungal growth completely, Rocima GT can induce, as well as suppress, organic acid produced by Aspergillus niger depending on the concentration.
- Published
- 2022
81. 3D MoS2 foam integrated with carbon paper as binder-free anode for high performance sodium-ion batteries
- Author
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Kaixin Zhu, Fangying Zheng, Yunchuan Tu, Zeyu Wei, Yan Yang, Jiao Zhao, Yimin Zhu, Huicong Xia, Dehui Deng, Xiangyu Meng, and Jianan Zhang
- Subjects
High rate ,business.product_category ,Materials science ,Macropore ,Sodium ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Conductivity ,Electrochemistry ,Anode ,Fuel Technology ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Carbon paper ,Porosity ,business ,Energy (miscellaneous) - Abstract
Molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) with well-designed porous structure has the potential to be great electrode materials in sodium-ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and abundant resource, however, hindered by its intrinsic low conductivity and stability. Herein, MoS2 with 3D macroporous foam structure and high conductivity was obtained through SiO2 templates and integrated with carbon paper (3D F-MoS2/CP). It has showed superior specific capacity (225 mA h g−1, 0.4–3 V) and cycling stability (1000 cycles) at high rate (2000 mA g−1), with a low decay rate (0.033% per cycle) in sodium-ion batteries. The excellent electrochemical performance may originate from its unique integrated structure: 3D MoS2 macropores providing high surface area and abundant transfer channels while carbon paper enhancing the conductivity of MoS2 and avoiding unnecessary side reactions brought by binder addition.
- Published
- 2022
82. Smartphone-coupled three-layered paper-based microfluidic chips demonstrating stereoscopic capillary-driven fluid transport towards colorimetric detection of pesticides
- Author
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Hongjiao, Wu, Jiaqi, Chen, Yi, Yang, Weitai, Yu, Ying, Chen, Pengcheng, Lin, and Ke, Liang
- Subjects
Paper ,Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ,Colorimetry ,Smartphone ,Pesticides ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
The existence of pesticide residues in the hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere can cause acute or chronic diseases and deteriorate the environment. Therefore, efficient detection of pesticide residues is of great significance to prevent food poisoning, control food pollution, and protect human lives by recognizing their distribution and concentration. Herein, a novel smartphone-coupled three-layered paper-based microfluidic chip is proposed as a facile platform to detect the pesticides. The stereoscopic capillary-driven fluid transport is enabled by the three-layered microfluidic chip configuration. The detection mechanism is based on the enzyme inhibition reaction and the chromatic reaction. The detection results are obtained by a smartphone and figured out by colorimetric quantitative analysis. Taking advantages of the above merits, we demonstrate the utilization of this smartphone-coupled three-layered paper-based microfluidic chip for the effective analysis of typical pesticides (profenofo and methomyl). The linear ranges of profenofo and methomyl are 0.27-2.1 μmol L
- Published
- 2022
83. A simple epoxy resin screen-printed paper-based analytical device for detection of phosphate in soil
- Author
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Thinikan Thongkam and Khuanjit Hemavibool
- Subjects
Paper ,Soil ,Epoxy Resins ,General Chemical Engineering ,General Engineering ,Reproducibility of Results ,Phosphates ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
This study develops a simple and low-cost 3D paper-based analytical device (3D PAD) for the detection of available phosphate in soil. Epoxy resin is presented as a new hydrophobic material for low-cost mass production of PADs using the screen-printing method. An optimized concentration of epoxy resin solution is screen printed onto Whatman filter paper no. 1 in an easy one-step process to create hydrophobic patterns on PADs. The epoxy resin is air dried at room temperature, without heating or UV curing. This method delivers high reproducibility, resolution, and stability, and the epoxy resin barrier is compatible with both organic solvents and aqueous solutions. The molybdenum blue method is used in this PAD to measure phosphate in a colorimetric assay. The developed 3D PAD attains a linear range of 0.5-40 mg L
- Published
- 2022
84. Rapid and inexpensive process to fabricate paper based microfluidic devices using a cut and heat plastic lamination process
- Author
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Nityanand Kumawat, Soja Saghar Soman, Sanjairaj Vijayavenkataraman, and Sunil Kumar
- Subjects
Paper ,Mice ,Hot Temperature ,Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ,Biomedical Engineering ,Animals ,Humans ,Bioengineering ,General Chemistry ,Microfluidic Analytical Techniques ,Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ,Plastics ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (microPADs) are emerging as simple-to-use, low-cost point-of-care testing platforms. Such devices are mostly fabricated at present by creating hydrophobic barriers using wax or photoresist patterning on porous paper sheets. Even though devices fabricated using these methods are used and tested with a wide variety of analytes, still they pose many serious practical limitations for low-cost automated mass fabrication for their widespread applicability. We present an affordable and simple two-step process - cut and heat (CH-microPADs) - for the selective fabrication of hydrophilic channels and reservoirs on a wide variety of porous media such as tissue/printing/filter paper and cloth types, such as cotton and polyester, by a lamination process. The technique presents many advantages as compared to existing commonly used methods. The devices possess excellent mechanical strength against bending, folding and twisting, making them virtually unbreakable. They are structurally flexible and show good chemical resistance to various solvents, acids and bases, presenting widespread applicability in areas such as clinical diagnostics, biological sensing applications, food processing, and the chemical industry. Fabricated paper media 96 well-plate CH-microPAD configurations were tested for cell culture applications using mice embryonic fibroblasts and detection of proteins and enzymes using ELISA. With a simple two-step process and minimal human intervention, the technique presents a promising step towards mass fabrication of inexpensive disposable diagnostic devices for both resource-limited and developed regions.
- Published
- 2022
85. FREE (PDF) ~DOWNLOAD~ The Serpent Papers
- Author
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Rubenharrison
- Subjects
Serpent,Papers - Abstract
"LINK HERE The Serpent Papers Synopsis Book: J-Bee, son of a military officer, is raised in a violent milieu during the 1960s. After his little brother is persecuted by bullies, J-Bee commits a retaliatory act of brutality, the nature of which scars him. When his best friend, Gilly, volunteers to fight in Vietnam, J-Bee--repulsed by his own violence--refuses to follow either his father or Gilly into the military. Instead, he matriculates at Columbia in 1971, an era of counterculture, drugs and sex and rock 'n roll, in order to seek his redemption. While there, he is introduced to the mysterious Serpent who recites in the campus caf‰e, and to the politically active Margo who schools him in anti-war politics and the virtues of peace. Although he feels loyalty to his best friend fighting overseas, he increasingly sympathizes with Margo's rationale against the war. Torn between supporting the war or protesting against it, J-Bee's paradoxical feelings are ignited when his friend Gilly, on furlough from Vietnam, visits him at Columbia. With ratcheting tensions and bullhorns leading students in protest, pro-war and anti-war factions collide in campus riots, and J-Bee makes the choice that defines his life. "
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
86. Evaluation of pulp and paper making properties of Caesalpinia decapetela
- Author
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Tesema Hailu Asrat, Limenew Abate, Mesfin Getachew, and Rakesh Kumar Bachheti
- Subjects
biology ,Pulp (paper) ,engineering ,Environmental science ,General Materials Science ,Forestry ,Caesalpinia ,engineering.material ,biology.organism_classification ,Pulp and paper industry - Abstract
The world demand for paper has been increased due to the increasing population Therefore, to cop up the limited wood fiber resources introducing raw material in pulp and paper industries is necessary. The aims of this study to evaluate the pulp and paper-making properties of Caesalpinia decapetela based on proximate chemical composition, fiber morphology, pulping, bleaching, and physical test of the final product. The results proximate chemical analysis showed that C. decapetela has holocellulose content of 78.14±0.1 % and lignin content 18.0±0.04 %. Fiber morphology revealed that the fibers were 0.708 mm long, 18.63 μm width, and have 5.1 μm cell wall thicknesses. Kraft pulping of C. decapetale, was performed at different active alkali (5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 % and 25 %) and temperature (150, 160 and 170 °C), keeping the sulphidity 25 % constant. The pulp maximum yield 44.1 % was obtained at active alkali content of 15 %, temperature 160 °C, and cooking time 90 minutes. The effect of pulping on fiber morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy which showed the surface of fiber before pulping was tight, orderly arranged and the texture was relatively hard. After pulping, there was the removal of lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose. Due to this fiber become soft loosened and contain micro-pores. Pulp produced was bleached, sheet preparation and testing were performed. The prepared paper sheets have a tensile index of 28.19 Nm/gm, burst index of 1.359 kPa m 2 / gm 1.359\hspace{0.1667em}\text{kPa}\hspace{0.1667em}{\text{m}^{2}}/\text{gm} , and tear indices of 4.2 mN m 2 / gm 4.2\hspace{0.1667em}\text{mN}\hspace{0.1667em}{\text{m}^{2}}/\text{gm} . This study concluded C. decapetale can be the new raw material for pulp and paper making industries. However, pilot plant studies are required to check this raw material for the full recommendation of the pulp and paper industries.
- Published
- 2021
87. Application of sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) to recycled paper mill effluent treatment
- Author
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Shuangshuang Chen, Lirong Lei, and Youming Li
- Subjects
business.industry ,Biofilm ,Environmental science ,General Materials Science ,Forestry ,Paper mill ,Pulp and paper industry ,business ,Effluent - Abstract
Paper mill effluent has been characterized as recalcitrant because of containing lignin and its derivatives. Since biofilm system exhibits a notable potential for the removal of recalcitrant contaminants, a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) was employed to treat coagulated recycled paper mill effluent in this study. The results indicated that the SBBR removed 91.3 % of chemical oxygen demand (COD), whilst total suspended solid (TSS) and color removal reached 83.1 % and 71.0 %, respectively. The microbial analysis suggested that three typical heterotrophic phyla, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Acidobacteria are dominant bacteria and reflected the removal of recalcitrant contaminants. The COD removal rate of SBBR is evidently superior to conventional activated sludge process due to high sludge concentration as well as long sludge retention time (SRT). Whilst the problem of sludge bulking can be successfully avoided, the blockage of reactor caused by TSS accumulation and microbial growth deserve further investigation.
- Published
- 2021
88. Influence of multilayered films containing cellulose nanocrystals on the properties of japanese paper
- Author
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Aleksić, Gabriela, Cigula, Tomislav, Itrić Ivanda, Katarina, and Vladić, Gojko
- Subjects
Cellulose nanocrystals, nanocellulose, paper conservation, Japanese paper, coatings - Abstract
Cultural heritage objects are precious witnesses of the past, so our mission is not only to preserve them for future generations, but also make them available or open to the public. Among most fragile historic materials are paper-based materials. They are susceptible to various forms of damage and deterioration, and their preservation presents a challenging task for conservators. In recent years, the use of advanced materials with unique properties has been growing at an increasing rate, even in the traditionally slow-changing cultural heritage sector. This study models how historic paper would be affected by application of multiple coating layers containing different quantities of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). In our study, a 4 % CNCs aqueous suspension was used to treat the samples. In order to form a uniform layer, bar-coating method was used, and in addition, a specific layer thickness was formed in both single and multiple passes. The prepared samples were analysed for their optical properties (colour coordinates, yellowness, opacity, gloss), physical properties (Taber stiffness, weight, thickness) and surface properties (roughness). An increase of wet film deposit thickness (single layer applications) resulted in an increase of paper thickness, grammage, gloss, opacity, yellowness, the ΔE value and Taber stiffness, while its average surface roughness decreased. Multi-layer applications have gradually decreased paper thickness, while Taber stiffness remained unchanged.
- Published
- 2022
89. Precursors of reading text comprehension from paper and screen in first graders: a longitudinal study
- Author
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Elena Florit, Pietro De Carli, Antonio Rodà, Samantha Domenicale, Lucia Mason, Florit, E, De Carli, P, Roda, A, Domenicale, S, and Mason, L
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Beginner readers ,Digital reading ,Longitudinal study ,Precursors ,Reading on paper ,Text comprehension ,Education ,Speech and Hearing ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,Beginner reader ,Precursor ,Text comprehension · Digital reading · Reading on paper · Longitudinal study · Precursors · Beginner readers - Abstract
Research on text comprehension in relation to the reading medium (paper or screen) has mainly involved undergraduate or high school students. To advance current knowledge on the effects of reading medium, this longitudinal study focused on beginner readers, specifically, the role of precursors in first graders’ comprehension of narrative and expository linear texts from reading on paper and computer screen. Working memory and inference skills as cognitive precursors and basic digital skills were measured at the end of preschool (T1); reading text comprehension and word reading, as a control variable, were measured at the end of the first grade (T2). Sixty-three children participated in total. The first graders read four texts, one narrative and one expository, on both paper and computer screen, in a counterbalanced order. Results showed no main effects of the reading medium or text genre, but the interactive effect of these variables was significant. At T2, the children had higher comprehension scores after reading narrative than descriptive texts from paper. In addition, reading from the screen was preferred at post-test, after all texts were presented. As precursors, working memory and inference skills predicted both printed and digital text comprehension. In contrast, basic digital skills predicted only digital text comprehension after controlling for medium, text genre, and word reading.
- Published
- 2022
90. Research Paper on Desktop Assistant
- Author
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Lilesh Mandhalkar, Ishika Potbhare, Pratiksha Walande, Durgesh Yerme, and Mr. Chandrapal Chauhan
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
The main thing of Artificial intelligence (AI) is the consummation of natural dialogue between humans and machines. There are numerous IT companies have used the dialogue systems technology to establish various kinds of Virtual assistants grounded on their operations and areas for adding commerce between mortal and machine, similar as Microsoft’s Cortana, Apple’s Siri, Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant. Like Microsoft Cortana we've created our own virtual desktop assistant only for Government College Of Engineering Chandrapur (GCOEC) using python which is suitable to run on any windows operating systems. We use python as a programming language because it has a multitude of libraries which can be used to create Artificial Intelligence. Our version of desktop assistant is capable of recognizing voice and voice commands. Desktop Assistant are programs on digital device like PC that hear and respond to verbal commands. Example, a user can say, “Open GCOEC Website” and the assistant will answer with the sanctioned website of GCOEC. Desktop Assistants can change the way of life of the people in a different manner. Bias is starting to build up in the community as AI’s are getting smarter in their own way to interact with humans in an easy language. The Desktop Assistant is a program that can fete mortal voices and can respond via integrated voice system. This paper will define the working of Desktop assistant, their main problems and limitations. In this paper it's described that the system of creating a Desktop assistant without using pall services, which will allow the expansion of similar bias in the future
- Published
- 2023
91. A Review paper on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Job Market
- Author
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Ravi Tailor, Sachin Jain, and Anupriya Kamble
- Subjects
General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various industries, and its impact on the job market is significant. While AI has the potential to automate repetitive and time-consuming tasks, it also presents new job opportunities that require expertise in data analysis, software engineering, and machine learning. The paper provides an overview of the current state of the job market and the challenges it faces, and explains how AI is transforming the job market, including its impact on job creation and destruction, skill requirements, and wage distribution. The paper analyzes the job market trends from 2019 to 2023 based on the latest research and reports, and discusses the implications of AI for the workforce and policymakers. The paper concludes with some recommendations for future research and policy interventions. It discusses the benefits of AI, such as increased productivity, efficiency, and accuracy, and highlights the challenges that AI poses, including the displacement of certain jobs and the need for retraining workers. The review paper also discusses how AI is impacting workplace safety and health, including both the potential benefits and the new hazards that AI presents. Finally, the review paper explores the policies and regulations needed to ensure that AI is used ethically and responsibly in the job market. Overall, this review paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of AI on the job market and its implications for workers, businesses, and society
- Published
- 2023
92. Review Paper on Professional Issues in Human Computer Interaction
- Author
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Mohammad Rashid, Sachin Jain, and Ram Lal Ram Lal Yadav
- Subjects
General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) plays a crucial role in shaping our digital experiences, with professionals at the forefront of designing and developing interactive systems. This review paper examines the professional issues within HCI, aiming to identify key challenges, trends, and advancements in the field. Through an extensive analysis of existing literature, this paper explores various dimensions of professional issues in HCI, including ethical considerations, user-centered design practices, socio-cultural implications, legal aspects, and the impact of emerging technologies on HCI professionals. By synthesizing research findings and critical insights, this review highlights the importance of addressing these issues for the advancement of HCI. Furthermore, it presents a comprehensive overview of the current state of research, identifies gaps and limitations, and proposes future directions for research and practice in order to foster a more ethical, inclusive, and effective human-computer interaction domain. This review contributes to the understanding of professional challenges faced by HCI practitioners and provides a foundation for informed discussions and developments in this dynamic field.
- Published
- 2023
93. Potential of three woody species from the Brazilian Cerrado for pulp and paper production
- Author
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Ícaro Renan Alves Moreira Nery, Ricardo de Almeida Gonçalves, Carlos Roberto Sette Junior, and Matheus Peres Chagas
- Abstract
The usage of vegetal fibers coming from the wood of planted forests as a source of cellulose for paper production, has placed Brazil in a prominent position in the worldwide economic scenario, being that one of the best alternatives of value aggregation to this natural material. This research has evaluated the potential of three woody species of occurrence in the Cerrado, a Brazilian Biome, as a source of alternative raw material to alien species, nowadays widely used in Brazil for the pulp and paper industry. Wood radial samples of Cedrela fissilis, Cecropia sp. and Genipa americana with 12 years of age were collected in a peri-urban are of the city of Goiânia, through the non-destructive method, for the study on fiber’s morphology and basic density. With the data obtained it was possible to determine the felting index, coefficient of flexibility, wall fraction and Runkel index, for fibers qualitative evaluation. The careful evaluation of the results – and the detailed comparison with other species – made it possible to affirm that only the wood of Cedrela fissilis and Cecropia sp. had had potential for the proposed objective. Therefore, relevant aspects for the complementation of this research are pointed.
- Published
- 2023
94. Possibility of Municipal Waste Management with Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) Mixed Paper and Garden in Depok City
- Author
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Eva Nur Fauziah, Mega Mutiara Sari, and I Wayan Koko Suryawan
- Abstract
Paper and garden waste is one of the types of waste that can be found in big cities in Indonesia, one of which is Depok City. Garbage collectors can recycle not all paper waste into new products. In addition, garden waste is also garbage, one of the wastes found produced every day from gardening activities. This study aimed to analyze the potential for reducing the use of paper and garden waste to be used as RDF in Depok City. This study analyzes the quality of RDF based on the parameters of water content, ash content, density, and calorific value resulting from the material substitution. The results were analyzed using the multicollinearity method and the Kepner-Tregoe Decision Analysis (KTDA). The results of the multicollinearity test show that the ash content and water content can reduce the calorific value of RDF mixed with paper and garden waste. The addition of garden waste composition can increase the calorific value. Based on the results of decision analysis using KTDA, it shows that the variation of the mixture of 75% paper waste and 25% wood waste has the largest points compared to other variations. Material Flow Analysis (MFA) utilization of this waste can reduce the generation of paper waste and garden waste by 3.5% and 12.3%, respectively.
- Published
- 2023
95. Migration behavior of photoinitiators in polyethylene-coated paper for takeaway fast food
- Author
-
Yingtong Wu, Jifeng Lang, Guangfa Liu, Lijun Wang, Haiyan Song, and Chongxing Huang
- Subjects
Agronomy and Crop Science ,Food Science - Abstract
The migration of photoinitiators (PIs): benzophenone (BP), ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EDAB), and 4-chlorobenzophenone (CBP), from polyethylene (PE)-coated paper to 4% (v/v) acetic acid and 10% (v/v) salt-simulated food solution was quantitatively analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The migration behavior of the three PIs was studied under three specific working conditions: conventional heating, microwave power, and random vibration level. The migration rate of the three PIs in acidic food simulants was ranked from BP > EDAB > CBP under the specific working conditions. The mobility of the three PIs increased with increasing temperature, microwave power, and random vibration acceleration in 4% (v/v) acetic acid by 10, 10, and 15%, respectively. The experimental migration data of three PIs in PE-coated paper under different temperatures and microwave powers were used to establish the Crank monolayer migration model according to Fick’s second law. The diffusion coefficient D increased with an increase in experimental conditions. According to the migration data under the condition of random vibration level, a mathematical model conforming to the Fick model was established, fitting the migration process. These results showed that conventional heating, microwave heating, and vibration could affect the food safety of PE-coated paper.
- Published
- 2023
96. The effectiveness of template and example paper implementation in developing student writing skills in science courses
- Author
-
Muhammad Syazali, Muhammad Erfan, Baiq Niswatul Khair, Aisa Nikmah Rahmatih, and Hasnawati Hasnawati
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
The use of templates and examples of papers separately is proven to be able to develop students' writing skills. The average degree of mastery that can be achieved is already in the good category. Using various learning facilities can be a solution to improve these achievements into a very good category. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing templates and sample papers in developing students' writing skills in science courses. The pre-experimental research was conducted on elementary school teacher education study program students. Data on each student's scientific research paper writing skills were collected using the documentation method. This data was then analyzed descriptively. The descriptive analysis includes average and proportion measurements. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the average student's skills in writing papers were in a good category. Most students have very good (41.44%) and good (40.54%) categories of writing skills. 13 indicators have reached the very good category, one indicator is in a good category, and two indicators are in the sufficient category. The rests are one indicator still in the less category and four indicators in the less category. The conclusion that can be drawn from this research results is using examples and paper templates as effective learning facilities to improve students' writing skills.
- Published
- 2023
97. PARTICLE BOARD HEAT INSULATION PINEAPPLE LEAF FIBER WASTE AND HVS PAPER AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO IMPROVE INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
- Author
-
Oktavia Oktavia, Diani Lestari, Risna Kirana Rokar, and Widodo Budi Kurniawan
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
The limited supply of wood as a raw material in various industries requires a better alternative material. Wasted-based composite engineering can be a solution to this problem. What's more, composite can be engineered according to needs, such as having the ability to reduce heat to maintain comfortable room temperature conditions. Therefore, in this research, a particle board reinforced by pineapple leaf fiber waste and HVS paper waste was developed to know the effect of the particle board reinforcement composition on reducing heat. In this research, a comparison of pineapple leaf fiber waste and HVS paper waste was used at 100%:0%; 70%:30%; 50%:50%; 30%:70%; and 0%:100% with resin adhesive. This particle board is made by mixing all the ingredients and then printing it into a mold and then carrying out the drying process. The test was carried out based on a temperature difference analysis. The most optimum particle board reinforcement composition to reduce heat is 100% pineapple leaf fiber waste : 0% HVS paper waste.
- Published
- 2023
98. AI Machine Vision based Oven White Paper ColorClassification and Label Position Real-time Monitoring System to Check Direction
- Author
-
Hee-Chul Kim, Youn-Saup Yoon, and Yong-Mo Kim
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
We develop a vision system for batch inspection by oven white paper model color by manufacturing a machine vision system for the oven manufacturing automation process. In the vision system, white paper object detection (spring), color clustering, and histogram extraction are performed. In addition, for the automated process of home appliances, we intend to develop an automatic mold combination detection algorithm that inspects the label position and direction (angle/coordinate) using deep learning.
- Published
- 2023
99. Overview of Quality Control in the Paper Industry
- Author
-
Mustafa Çiçekler and Ahmet Tutuş
- Abstract
The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of quality control in the paper industry.Wood preparation, pulping, bleaching, and papermaking are all steps in the papermaking process, and eachone presents its own set of quality control challenges. The study looks at the various methods that are usedin the industry to monitor and control the quality of finished paper products. It includes laboratory testing,statistical process control, and online monitoring systems, as well as traditional and modern quality controltechniques. The study also emphasizes the significance of quality control in the paper industry, which canhave a significant impact on product performance, customer satisfaction, and profitability. Finally, the studyconcludes with a discussion of benefits in the paper industry's quality control.
- Published
- 2023
100. Evaluation of Ti/Pt Anode Efficiency and Energy Consumption in Turbidity and Suspended Solids Removal from Paper Industry Wastewater: The Effect of pH and Support Electrolyte Type
- Author
-
Cansu Elgün and Baybars Ali Fil
- Abstract
In the research, different experimental setups were used to examine the treatment of wastewater from the paper industry using the electrooxidation method, one of the electrochemical treatment methods in the batch system. In the 2000 mL volume jacketed glass reactor utilized for the treatment of wastewater from the paper industry, 4 anode and 4 cathode sieve type plates of 7 cm x 10 cm dimensions were positioned at 0.5 cm intervals, and 1200 mL wastewater was used in the tests. Coated sieve type Ti/Pt electrodes were employed as the anode in the electrooxidation studies, and uncoated sieve type Ti electrodes were used as the cathode. It was determined that the active anodic wet surface area was 1078 cm2 . The removal rates of pollutant parameters such as turbidity and SS (Suspended Solids) in the experiments; the effects of wastewater initial pH value and supporting electrolyte type parameters were investigated. According to the results, the most effective pH value for Ti/Pt anode type at 400 rpm mixing speed was determined to be waste water natural pH (7.5), and 0.50 M NaCl was the most successful supporting electrolyte type. 96.92% Suspended Solids removal efficiency and 95.38% turbidity removal efficiency for Ti/Pt anode were achieved under ideal conditions. In addition, 312.05 kW-hour/kg COD is determined as the energy consumption value.
- Published
- 2023
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