392 results
Search Results
2. PaperComposer: Creating Interactive Paper Interfaces for Music Composition
- Author
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Carlos Agon, Wendy E. Mackay, Theophanis Tsandilas, Jérémie Garcia, Situated interaction (IN-SITU), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son (STMS), Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-12-CORD-0009,INEDIT,INteractivité dans l'Ecriture De l'Interaction et du Temps(2012)
- Subjects
Contemporary classical music ,Computer science ,Interface (Java) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.2: User Interfaces ,toolkit ,Musical ,computer.software_genre ,music composition ,ACM: H.: Information Systems ,Human–computer interaction ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,Composition (language) ,creativity ,Graphical user interface ,media_common ,Interactive music ,ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.5: Sound and Music Computing ,Multimedia ,business.industry ,Creativity ,ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI) ,Musical composition ,Interactive paper ,business ,computer - Abstract
National audience; Interactive paper technologies offer new opportunities for supporting the highly individual practices of creative artists, such as contemporary music composers, who express and explore their ideas on both paper and the computer. We introduce PaperComposer, a graphical interface builder that allows users to create a personalized interactive paper interface that they can connect to their own computer-based musical data. We also present an API that facilitates the development of interactive paper components for PaperComposer. We describe one public demonstration of a novel musical interface designed for children and our collaborations with composers to create two novel interactive music interfaces that reflected their individual composition styles.
- Published
- 2014
3. L'ordinateur et l'analyse grammaticale (The Computer and Grammatical Analysis). Series B-2.
- Author
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Laval Univ., Quebec (Quebec). International Center for Research on Bilingualism. and Mepham, Michael S.
- Abstract
This discussion of the use of computer programming in syntactic analysis covers three major points: (1) a review of basic notions in automatic grammars; (2) a description of the grammar used in a pilot project which analysed the linguistic content of methods of teaching foreign languages; and (3) proposals on the application of the same techniques to the study of scientific vocabulary. In the first section, automatic, or generative grammar, is defined as one formulated in such a way as to be applied mechanically in the construction of sentences. In this context the discussion deals with the process of analysis of existing sentences, structural description, formulation of rules, structural ambiguity, and the process for applying rules. The second section dealing with methodology covers the development of a system of analysis of texts with the help of a computer. Things to be considered in this context are lexical ambiguity, identification of rules, levels of syntactic analysis, formulation of rules, and paraphrasing of word groups, locutions, clauses, and sentences. The third section discusses techniques used in analysis of methods as these relate to the study of scientific language, with particular emphasis on the question of words and context. (AMH)
- Published
- 1967
4. L'Utilisation de l'ordinateur en lexicometrie (The Use of the Computer in Lexicometry). Series B-1.
- Author
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Laval Univ., Quebec (Quebec). International Center for Research on Bilingualism. and Savard, Jean-Guy
- Abstract
This report treats some of the technical difficulties encountered in lexicological studies that were undertaken in order to establish a basic vocabulary. Its purpose is to show that the computer can overcome some of these difficulties, and specifically that computer programming can serve to establish a vocabulary common to scientific and technical languages. The discussion of the advantages of computer programming centers on the following topics: (1) availability, including a description of the compilation and correction of data, indexing, and programming; and (2) general vocabulary that is scientifically oriented, including a description of the process of choosing and identifying words, and the choice and structure of dictionaries. (AMH)
- Published
- 1967
5. Learning to design a mobile hunt on Actionbound: a complex task?
- Author
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Delforge, Carole, Van de Vyver, Julie, Meurice, Alice, CALL and complexity – short papers from EUROCALL 2019, Meunier, Fanny, Van de Vyver, Julie, Bradley, Linda, Thouësny, Sylvie, and UCL - SSH/ILC/PLIN - Pôle de recherche en linguistique
- Subjects
Computer science ,Human–computer interaction ,mobile app ,digital literacies ,Indo-European languages ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,reading skills ,gamification ,Second language instruction ,Mobile device ,Task (project management) - Abstract
The research consisted in having an Actionbound mobile hunt for A1 learners of Dutch designed by a group of language Student Teachers (STs) within the framework of a second year course on foreign language teaching. The game was then implemented with two groups of fifth grade primary school pupils during their visit of the Hergé Museum in Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. These two steps allowed our multidisciplinary research team to analyse the use of the app from the perspective of not only the players but also the creators of the game. Research data was collected throughout the study via questionnaires, observations, and a focus group. A qualitative analysis of the STs’ data allowed us to establish their digital profiles, thereby situating each of them in the digital integration process. The results suggest that integrating technology and content when designing a pedagogical activity is a complex task. Support and guidance from teacher trainers could therefore be recommended in order to propose a pertinent integration of technologies in the language classroom.
- Published
- 2019
6. Digital Detectives: A Research Agenda for Consumer Forensics
- Author
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Catalina Goanta
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consumer protection ,consumer forensics ,influencer marketing ,digital enforcement ,european private law ,computer science ,Law ,Law of Europe ,KJ-KKZ - Abstract
(Series Information) European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2023 8(2), 647-663 | Article | (Table of Contents) I. Introduction. – II. Consumer law enforcement through computational investigations. – II.1. The CPC Regulation. – II.2. DSA. – III. Computational Measurements of Influencer Activity: a case study for digital enforcement. – IV. Consumer forensics: a new field for digital detectives. – IV.1. Consolidating data collection and analysis methods for consumer law. – IV.2. Classifying new forms of consumer harms. – IV.3. Developing new approaches to consumer protection. – IV.4. Exploring the legal and ethical implications of consumer forensics. – V. Conclusion. | (Abstract) Effective enforcement on digital markets is one of the most essential considerations for contemporary consumer law and policy. On digital markets, traders engage in very sophisticated commercial practices that are opaque to the average consumer. Online information is necessary for the monitoring of how companies engage in legal compliance, and where public authorities should intervene. This puts a lot of pressure on public administration to develop investigation and enforcement approaches that match the different consumer harms and needs arising out of digital markets. As it is virtually impossible to police technology practices without understanding the technologies and business models behind them, public authorities need to arm themselves with the means necessary to detect digital violations. This Article focuses on the digital enforcement of consumer protection law in the European Union and proposes a new field of research focused on the investigation and enforcement of consumer violations on digital markets in the form of “consumer forensics”. In the author’s opinion, consumer forensics is the answer to the question of how consumer enforcement regulation can become future-proof. As digitalization is rapidly affecting the way in which consumers are protected on the Internet, both the substantive and procedural dimensions of regulatory effectiveness will be impacted by evidence gathering to understand and further prove the existence of new online harms. To show the potential of this topic, the Article will offer some in-depth insights from a very specific topic of administrative scrutiny, namely measuring influencer marketing activities that are relevant for consumer protection.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Utilisation des citations pour le résumé automatique de la contribution d'articles scientifiques
- Author
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Malenfant, Bruno and Lapalme, Guy
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Natural language ,informatique ,résumé automatique ,Automatic summarization ,Scientific paper analysis ,Linguistic ,Computer science ,linguistique ,langue naturelle ,analyse d'articles scientifiques - Abstract
Cette thèse cherche à construire des outils pour la communauté scientifique. Une des tâches d'un chercheur est la lecture d'articles scientifiques, que ce soit pour les comparer, pour identifier de nouveaux problèmes, pour situer son travail dans la littérature courante ou pour définir des propositions de recherche. Nous avons appliqué, combiné et modifié des techniques de résumé automatique pour la littérature scientifique. L'idée est de construire le résumé à partir de l'information que d'autres chercheurs ont retenue d'un l'article de référence. Plus particulièrement, le texte des citations vers l'article de référence est utilisé pour constituer la base du résumé. Ce résumé est donc construit à partir de l'analyse de plusieurs autres qui le citent. Une citation est un élément qu'un autre auteur (ou le même) a retenu en lisant l'article. À l'intérieur d'une citation, il y a une description des liens entre plusieurs articles. Cette information n'étant pas disponible lors de l'écriture de l'article, cela lui ajoute un niveau d'interprétation et nous donne un indice sur l'apport de l'article à la communauté scientifique. Pour construire le résumé d'un article, nous trouvons tous les articles qui lui font référence à l'aide d'une base de données RDF construite à partir des données de l'ACL Anthology Network. Ensuite, les citations sont extraites et classées selon leur contexte rhétorique. Afin de construire le résumé à l'aide de l'information trouvée, une technique basée sur la Maximal Marginal Relevance choisit certaines phrases parmi les citations en évitant la redondance. Finalement, le résumé est amélioré à l'aide d'extraits du texte original., The goals of this thesis are to build and improve tools for the scientific community. One of the tasks of a researcher is to read scientific papers, in order to compare them, identify new problems, place the work within the current literature or define new research proposals. We applied, combined and modified techniques of automatic summarization for the scientific literature. The underlying idea is to build the summary from the information that other researchers retained from a given paper called a reference paper. More particularly, the text of citations towards the reference paper is used for the base of the summary. The summary of the reference paper will thus be built from the analysis from several others who quote it. A citation is an element which another author (or the same) remembered from reading the paper. Inside a citation, there is a description of the links between several papers. This information was not available when writing the original paper, it thus adds a level of interpretation to the paper. It gives an indication of the contribution of the paper to the scientific community. The set of citations reflects the opinion of the scientific community (community insight). To build the summary of a paper, we find papers which reference to it. For this, we use a RDF database built from the data from the ACL Anthology Network. Then citations are extracted and classified according to their rhetorical context. To build the summary, we use a Maximal Marginal Relevance based technique to choose sentences among citations while avoiding the redundancy. Finally, the summary is improved by adding extracts from the original text.
- Published
- 2018
8. Comparison and Complementarity of Two Approaches to Implement AAL Systems
- Author
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Bessam Abdulrazak, André Thépaut, Jean-Baptiste Lézoray, Maria Teresa Segarra, Patrice C. Roy, Département informatique (INFO), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Process for Adaptative Software Systems (PASS), Télécom Bretagne-LANGAGE ET GÉNIE LOGICIEL (IRISA-D4), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Lab-STICC_TB_CID_IHSEV, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département informatique ( INFO ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke], Process for Adaptative Software Systems ( PASS ), Télécom Bretagne-LANGAGE ET GÉNIE LOGICIEL ( IRISA-D4 ), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires ( IRISA ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -École normale supérieure - Rennes ( ENS Rennes ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -École normale supérieure - Rennes ( ENS Rennes ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires ( IRISA ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -École normale supérieure - Rennes ( ENS Rennes ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance ( Lab-STICC ), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), and Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR] ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Short paper ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,[ INFO.INFO-SE ] Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE] ,[INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE] ,Complementarity (physics) ,Industrial engineering ,[INFO.INFO-MA]Computer Science [cs]/Multiagent Systems [cs.MA] ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,[ INFO.INFO-MA ] Computer Science [cs]/Multiagent Systems [cs.MA] ,[INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems ,[ INFO.INFO-AR ] Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR] ,[ INFO.INFO-ES ] Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems ,Telecommunications ,business ,Assisted living - Abstract
International audience; This short paper compares two approaches of the state of the art, to implement Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) systems. By com- paring the two approaches, we aim to show that combining them could lead to an improvement of the offered response of the system. It shows that it could be interesting to develop a proof-of-concept system from a combination of these approaches, as it would improve the state of the art in AAL systems.
- Published
- 2012
9. Modeling of research project management via the process approach
- Author
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Hajar Chekiri and Mohamed Amine M'barki
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Process management ,Traceability ,Computer science ,Process (engineering) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Bridge (nautical) ,Projet de recherche ,Industrial management ,amélioration continue ,Quality (business) ,cartography ,Management indicators ,media_common ,lcsh:LC8-6691 ,lcsh:Special aspects of education ,indicator ,indicateur ,continuous improvement ,General Medicine ,Creativity ,cartographie ,Papers ,process approach ,Research project ,approche processus ,Working environment - Abstract
Le présent article relate une expérience réalisée, dans le cadre de l'UFR Management des organisations, pour la formalisation de la recherche au niveau du DESA Management Industriel et ce en proposant un modêle type piloté via l'approche processus. Certes, la recherche scientifique ne peut, aujourd'hui, qu'être associée à la qualité. Cette derniêre est traduite, dans notre modêle, en une démarche bien décrite et soigneusement évaluée. Le choix de la démarche qualité comme cadre de pilotage de la recherche émane d'un bon esprit d'innovation et de créativité, et notre cartographie en témoigne. Nous avons essayé d'associer à cette approche processus un systême documentaire ayant pour objectif d'assurer la traçabilité et de capitaliser un savoir faire, désormais, intéressant. La mesure était aussi l'un des éléments sur lesquels nous nous sommes penchés. Convaincus de l'importance de l'amélioration continue, des indicateurs de qualité et de gestion ont servis de base pour notre systême de mesure. Simple dans sa conception et riche dans ses apports, ce modêle vient renforcer ce pont entre les questionnements théoriques et les aspects pratiques de la recherche et de proposer un cadre unifié de travail., This article relates an experiment carried out, within the framework of UFR Management of organizations, for the formalization of research at the level of Industrial Management DESA and this by proposing a model model piloted via the process approach. Admittedly, scientific research can today only be associated with quality. The latter is translated, in our model, into a well-described and carefully evaluated process. The choice of the quality approach as the framework for steering research emanates from a good spirit of innovation and creativity, and our mapping shows this. We have tried to associate a documentary system with this process approach, with the aim of ensuring traceability and capitalizing on know-how that is now interesting. Measurement was also one of the things we looked at. Convinced of the importance of continuous improvement, quality and management indicators served as the basis for our measurement system. Simple in its design and rich in its contributions, this model reinforces this bridge between theoretical questions and practical aspects of research and offers a unified working environment.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. U-Note : Classe augmentée et Stylo numérique
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Sylvain Malacria, Eric Lecolinet, Malacria, Sylvain, Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information (LTCI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Paris, Design, Interaction, Visualization & Applications (DIVA), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Paris-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Paris
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augmented note-taking ,Multimedia ,Computer science ,business.industry ,computer.software_genre ,digital classroom ,Digital media ,Software ,Order (business) ,Human–computer interaction ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,[INFO.INFO-HC] Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,business ,Digital pen ,computer ,Wide gap ,interactive paper - Abstract
National audience; Les salles de classes sont de plus en plus équipées de dispositifs informatiques qui permettent aux enseignants de diffuser des ressources multimédia pendant les cours. Nous avons donc d'une part des enseignants encouragés à diffuser des ressources numériques et d'autre part des élèves qui continuent principalement à prendre des notes sur des cahiers papier traditionnels. Cet article présente un prototype de logiciel de prise de notes augmentée (appelé U-Note) qui s'appuie sur la technologie des sty-los numérique Anoto pour tenter de concilier ces deux types de supports.
- Published
- 2009
11. La qualité des systèmes d'enseignement des sciences et des techniques à l'aune de fondements épistémologiques des sciences cognitives
- Author
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Achouaq Aazim and Mohamed Bahra
- Subjects
chronological seriation ,Computer science ,cognitive shorthand ,sténographie cognitive ,sériation chronologique ,Structuring ,Interactivity ,Cybernetics ,Archetype ,praxeology ,modelization ,modélisation ,lcsh:LC8-6691 ,Conceptualization ,lcsh:Special aspects of education ,Segmentation thématique ,General Medicine ,Blackboard (design pattern) ,Noosphere ,Epistemology ,Praxeology ,Thematic segmentation ,représentation scénique ,Papers ,praxéologie ,stage performance - Abstract
The blackboard is the archetype of the media which hardly accept interactivity. However, although cybernetics has imposed itself since the 1940s as a new paradigm for the conceptualization of cognitive and intellectual activities, school practices remain attached to the blackboard as the main medium in the transmission of knowledge. And although we have passed, at the dawn of this century, from cybernetics to cognitive science, the blackboard, which has become white, still retains its place as an almost essential medium today. The prevalence of the blackboard is such that it is difficult to imagine that the nature of the educational content targeted can determine the appropriate mediums for them and that these could be incompatible with the blackboard. When the content includes dynamic and static, the use of this table makes the first implicit and leaves only the second explicit. The manipulations, in practical work, do not escape the grip of this static didactic approach immanent on the blackboard: these manipulations are most often reduced to simple demonstrations. We are trying to show how there is a very robust, although imperceptible modeling on the part of the noosphere, of the structuring of teaching content according to a single mold, that dictated by the blackboard and that this mold empties these contents of their morpho-dynamic content. The quality of teaching is compromised by this mold., Le tableau noir est l'archétype des médias qui accueillent difficilement l'interactivité. Or, bien que la cybernétique se soit imposée, depuis les années 40 du siêcle dernier, comme nouveau paradigme quant à la conceptualisation des activités cognitives et intellectuelles, les pratiques scolaires restent attachées au tableau noir comme principal médium dans la transmission des savoirs. Et bien qu'on ait passé, à l'aube de ce siêcle, de la cybernétique à la cognitique, le tableau noir, devenu blanc, conserve encore aujourd'hui sa place de médium quasi incontournable. La prégnance du tableau noir est telle qu'il est difficile d'imaginer que la nature des contenus d'enseignement visés puisse déterminer les médiums qui leur sont idoines et que ceux-ci puissent être incompatibles avec le tableau noir. Quand le contenu comporte du dynamique et du statique le recours à ce tableau rend implicite le premier et ne laisse explicite que le second. Les manipulations, en travaux pratiques, n'échappent pas à l'emprise de cet abord didactique statique immanent au tableau noir : ces manipulations se réduisent le plus souvent à de simples monstrations. Nous tentons de montrer en quoi il y a un modelage três robuste, bien qu'imperceptible de la part de la noosphêre, de la structuration des contenus d'enseignement selon un moule unique, celui dicté par le tableau noir et que ce moule vide ces contenus de leur teneur morpho-dynamique. La qualité d'enseignement est hypothéquée par ce moule.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Qu'évalue-t-on quand on met une note à un « projet d'application » dans le module de « gestion de la qualité »
- Author
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Mohamed Amine M'barki
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Projet d'Application ,Quality management ,Computer science ,Process (engineering) ,évaluation ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Audit ,travailler en équipe ,Application Project ,Quality (business) ,Evaluation ,media_common ,indicator ,module Gestion de la Qualité ,team working ,Monitoring and evaluation ,criterion ,EXPOSE ,Engineering management ,Work (electrical) ,self evaluation ,Papers ,auto-évaluation ,Quality Management module ,critère ,indicateur ,Management control system - Abstract
The effectiveness of training in Business Schools must be constantly ensured and improved, which implies knowing how to evaluate it. The evaluation system is therefore an important element in the process of continuous improvement in the quality of training. In this work, we present a study carried out on the students of the fourth year Audit and Management Control of the National School of Commerce and Management in Tangier. The "Application Project" of the Quality Management module is an educational activity which allows students of the Audit and Management Control option to develop knowledge, attitudes and professional skills for managing and solving a problem. Quality within a team. In this study, we expose the approach of training by Application Project, and we answer the main question of our research: How can we carry out a quality evaluation of an Application Project in the Management module quality ? The objectives of this work are: to define a model for the evaluation of the Application Project of the Quality Management module; identify the criteria and indicators for the evaluation; build evaluation grids for an educational project applied to Quality Management and finally improve the quality of the monitoring and evaluation system of the Application Project. In addition, we have designed and implemented procedures and registration forms that consolidate everyone's knowledge, skills, attitudes and contribution., L'efficacité de la formation dans les Ecoles de Commerce doit être sans cesse assurée et améliorée, ce qui suppose de savoir l'évaluer. Le systême d'évaluation est donc un élément important du processus d'amélioration continue de la qualité de la formation. Dans ce travail, nous présentons, une étude réalisée sur les étudiants de la quatriême année Audit et Contrôle de Gestion de l'Ecole Nationale de Commerce et de Gestion à Tanger. Le « Projet d'Application » du module Gestion de la Qualité est une activité pédagogique qui permet aux étudiants de, l'option Audit et Contrôle de Gestion, de développer des connaissances, attitudes et habilités professionnelles de gestion et de résolution d'une problématique Qualité à l'intérieur d'une équipe. Dans cette étude, nous exposons la démarche de la formation par Projet d'Application, et nous répondons à la question principale de notre recherche : Comment peut-on procéder à une évaluation de qualité d'un Projet d'Application dans le module de Gestion de la Qualité ? Les objectifs de ce travail sont : définir un modêle pour l'évaluation du Projet d'Application du module Gestion de Qualité ; identifier les critêres et les indicateurs de l'évaluation ; bâtir les grilles d'évaluation pour un projet pédagogique appliqué à la Gestion de la Qualité et enfin améliorer la qualité du systême de suivi et d'évaluation du Projet d'Application. Par ailleurs, nous avons conçu et mis en place des procédures et des formulaires d'enregistrement qui permettent de consolider les connaissances, les habilités, les attitudes et la contribution de chacun.
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- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. S'initier à la robotique/informatique en classe de grande section de maternelle. Une expérimentation autour de l'utilisation du robot Blue Bot comme jeux sérieux.
- Author
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BELLEGARDE, KATELL, BOYAVAL, JULIE, and ALVAREZ, JULIAN
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COMPUTER science ,MEDIATION ,KINDERGARTEN ,COMPARATIVE studies ,ROBOTICS ,MIXED reality - Abstract
Copyright of Review of Science Mathematics & ICT Education is the property of Library & Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
14. LES QUOTAS : LEVIER OU FREIN AU DÉROULEMENT DES CARRIÈRES DES FEMMES ? ANALYSE SUITE À UNE ENQUÊTE PRÉLIMINAIRE DANS LE CAS DE L'ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR ET LA RECHERCHE EN FRANCE DANS LE DOMAINE DE L'INFORMATIQUE.
- Author
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FAVRE, CÉCILE and TAIN, LAURENCE
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HIGHER education research ,SCIENTIFIC computing ,COMPUTER scientists ,EQUALITY ,HEART - Abstract
This paper presents the preliminary results of a qualitative survey on the implementation of quotas policies, in the context of higher education and research in France, in the field of computer science specifically. Beyond the theoretical controversy over quotas, it is a question of diving into the heart of an environment that we can describe as specific (and of which we will draw some of the specificities), to collect the experience, the words of women, who are computer scientists in the academic environment, in relation to quotas. The main idea is to question the quotas implementation in order to study in which sense these quotas can indeed lead to more professional equality, but also to study the context in which they can slow down this professional equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
15. After All, Artificial Intelligence is not Intelligent: in a Search for a Comprehensible Neuroscientific Definition of Intelligence
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Sthéfano Divino
- Subjects
artificial intelligence ,computer science ,machine learning ,neuroscience ,Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ,K1-7720 - Abstract
This paper explores a series of thoughts about the meaning of intelligence in neuroscience and computer science. This work aims to present an understandable definition that fits our contemporary artificial intelligence background. The research methodology of this essay lies in existing theories of artificial intelligence, focused on computer science and neuroscience. I analyze the relationship between intelligence and neuroscience and Hawkin’s Thousand Brains Theory, an approach to show what it is an intelligent agent according to neuroscience. Here, the main result relies on the verification that intelligence is only possible in the neocortex. According to this result, the study performs a second critical analysis aiming to demonstrate why there is no artificial intelligence today.
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- 2022
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16. PERCEPTION ET ABSORPTIVITÉ DANS LA CONCEPTION DE SYSTÉMS.
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Martel, Jean M. and Ferrand, Dominique J.
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SYSTEMS design ,COMPUTER science ,ERRORS ,HYPOTHESIS ,DESIGN - Abstract
Copyright of INFOR is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 1980
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. 3D-Aware Ellipse Prediction for Object-Based Camera Pose Estimation
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Marie-Odile Berger, Matthieu Zins, Gilles Simon, Recalage visuel avec des modèles physiquement réalistes (TANGRAM), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Department of Algorithms, Computation, Image and Geometry (LORIA - ALGO), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique [CNRS], Zins, Matthieu, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Augmentation visuelle d'environnements complexes (MAGRIT-POST), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Department of Algorithms, Computation, Image and Geometry (LORIA - ALGO), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Visual Augmentation of Complex Environments (MAGRIT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), and Sciencesconf.org, CCSD
- Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Camera pose ,I.4 ,Computer science ,Computation ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV) ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,02 engineering and technology ,[INFO] Computer Science [cs] ,010501 environmental sciences ,Ellipse ,01 natural sciences ,[INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV] ,détection d'objets ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,localisation visuelle ,Computer vision ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,Pose ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Ground truth ,ellipse ,business.industry ,65D19 ,Deep learning ,[INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV] ,object detection ,Object (computer science) ,Ellipsoid ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Augmented reality ,Artificial intelligence ,ellipsoid ,ellipsoïde ,business ,Pose de caméra - Abstract
In this paper, we propose a method for coarse camera pose computation which is robust to viewing conditions and does not require a detailed model of the scene. This method meets the growing need of easy deployment of robotics or augmented reality applications in any environments, especially those for which no accurate 3D model nor huge amount of ground truth data are available. It exploits the ability of deep learning techniques to reliably detect objects regardless of viewing conditions. Previous works have also shown that abstracting the geometry of a scene of objects by an ellipsoid cloud allows to compute the camera pose accurately enough for various application needs. Though promising, these approaches use the ellipses fitted to the detection bounding boxes as an approximation of the imaged objects. In this paper, we go one step further and propose a learning-based method which detects improved elliptic approximations of objects which are coherent with the 3D ellipsoid in terms of perspective projection. Experiments prove that the accuracy of the computed pose significantly increases thanks to our method and is more robust to the variability of the boundaries of the detection boxes. This is achieved with very little effort in terms of training data acquisition -- a few hundred calibrated images of which only three need manual object annotation. Code and models are released at https://github.com/zinsmatt/3D-Aware-Ellipses-for-Visual-Localization., Comment: Presented at 3DV 2020. Code and models released at https://github.com/zinsmatt/3D-Aware-Ellipses-for-Visual-Localization
- Published
- 2021
18. La carrière de Pierre Bézier chez Renault (1933-1975)
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Michel, Alain P.
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CADM ,numérique ,commande ,digital ,biography ,informatique ,biographie ,computer science ,CFAO ,electromecanical ,électromécanique ,innovation ,machine control - Abstract
Cet article présente le cas de Pierre Bézier (1910-1999), un ingénieur issu des Arts et Métiers puis de l’École supérieure d’électricité qui a fait toute sa carrière (1933-1975) dans l’entreprise automobile Renault. Bézier a été tour à tour l’artisan d’une forme originale d’automatisation (1947), un pionnier en Europe de la commande numérique (1958), puis l’un des fondateurs, à l’échelle mondiale, de l’informatique industrielle (1966). Les « courbes et surfaces de Bézier » sont au fondement de la Conception et fabrication assistées par ordinateur (CFAO) qui ont réorganisé le design, la production de série et notre monde virtuel. Pourquoi cet innovateur important est-il resté un « inconnu célèbre » ? En confrontant les archives de l’entreprise aux documents conservés par l’un de ses ingénieurs l’article mesure le destin d’un électromécanicien de génie à l’aune de l’évolution d’une usine. Il montre qu’un parcours individuel peut requestionner le passé d’une entreprise. Comment une biographie sert-elle l’histoire globale ? This paper presents the case-study of Pierre Bézier (1910-1999) a former student of the École des arts et métiers then of the École supérieure d’électricité who spent his entire career (1933-1975) as an engineer in the Renault car company. Bézier was alternately the architect of an original form of automation (1947), a pioneer in Europe of digital control (1958), and last, one of the world founders of industrial computing (1966). The “Bézier curves and surfaces” are the roots of Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing (CADM) that have reorganized industrial drawing, mass production and our virtual world. Why has this key engineer remained an “unknown celebrity”? By comparing the company’s archives with the engineer’s personal documents, the paper measures the fate of a brilliant electromechanical innovator by the yardstick of his factory’s transformations. It shows how the story of a person can renew our understanding of the past of a firm. How can a biography serve global history?
- Published
- 2020
19. Connaissances du contenu et connaissances technologiques des enseignants en Informatique en milieu francophone.
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KOMIS, VASSILIS, BACHY, SYLVIANE, GOLETTI, OLIVIER, PARRIAUX, GABRIEL, RAFALSKA, MARYNA, and LAVIDAS, KONSTANTINOS
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COMPUTER science ,COMPUTER science education ,LANGUAGE teachers ,PROGRAMMING languages - Abstract
Copyright of Review of Science Mathematics & ICT Education is the property of Library & Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
20. What Makes Geeks Tick? A Study of Stack Overflow Careers
- Author
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Tingting Nian, Luis M. B. Cabral, Lei Xu, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, New York University [New York] (NYU), and NYU System (NYU)
- Subjects
Online public goods ,050208 finance ,Computer science ,Strategy and Management ,05 social sciences ,Management Science and Operations Research ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,Voluntary contribution ,Signaling ,World Wide Web ,0502 economics and business ,Stack overflow ,050207 economics ,B- ECONOMIE ET FINANCE ,Career concerns - Abstract
Many online platforms rely on users to voluntarily provide content. What motivates users to contribute content for free, however, is not well understood. In this paper, we use a revealed-preference approach to show that career concerns play an important role in user contributions to Stack Overflow, the largest online question-and-answer community. We investigate how activities that can enhance a user’s reputation vary before and after the user finds a new job. We contrast this reputation-generating activity with activities that do not improve a user’s reputation. After finding a new job, users contribute 23.7% less in reputation-generating activity; by contrast, they reduce their non–reputation-generating activity by only 7.4%. These findings suggest that users contribute to Stack Overflow in part because they perceive such contributions as a way to improve future employment prospects. We provide direct evidence against alternative explanations such as integer constraints, skills mismatch, and dynamic selection effects. This paper was accepted by Chris Forman, information systems.
- Published
- 2020
21. A distributed, probabilistic, hysteretic, retroactive algorithm to locally weaken the CAP/Brewer’s theorem when reading data on a distributed computer system
- Author
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FAUVELLE, Jean-Philippe, FAUVELLE, Jean-Philippe, Airbus Defence & Space [Elancourt] (Airbus group), and EDILE SAS
- Subjects
[INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB] ,Concurrent computing ,Partition tolerance ,[INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS] ,[INFO.INFO-SE] Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE] ,CAP theorem ,Availability ,[INFO.INFO-DS] Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS] ,[INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE] ,Computer science ,Distributed computing ,[INFO.INFO-PF]Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF] ,[INFO.INFO-IT]Computer Science [cs]/Information Theory [cs.IT] ,[INFO.INFO-PF] Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF] ,[INFO.INFO-DC] Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC] ,[INFO.INFO-DB] Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB] ,Consistency ,[INFO.INFO-IT] Computer Science [cs]/Information Theory [cs.IT] ,[INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC] ,Brewer's theorem - Abstract
Full understanding of this paper requires expertise in computer science, software engineering and algorithmics.; The CAP (Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance) also known as Brewer's theorem, states that it is impossible, on a distributed computer system, to guarantee at the same time the three qualities mentioned above. This issue affects all existing distributed engines and systems, which forces the administrators of these engines and systems to favor two qualities to the detriment of a third, when possible, despite the consequences. This paper technically and formally describes an inventive algorithm to locally weaken the said theorem when reading the data. This process combines three elements: a real-time system of key-value pairs distributed in memory cloud; a multi-planar index with concurrency avoidance; a distributed consolidated reading method called "LC4" based on a hysterical retroactive probabilistic effect. This inventive algorithm was implemented and tested successfully, jointly with a second invention playing the role of an application delivery controller (“A heuristic algorithm imitating social behaviours for intelligent routing of application flows” ⟨hal-02471814⟩ https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02471814). Full understanding of this paper requires expertise in computer science, software engineering and algorithmics.
- Published
- 2020
22. Predicting agreement and disagreement in the perception of tempo
- Author
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Ugo Marchand, Geoffroy Peeters, ircam, ircam, Analyse et synthèse sonores [Paris], Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son (STMS), and Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph] ,tempo estimation ,[SPI.ACOU] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph] ,tempo agreement ,Computer science ,Energy (esotericism) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Speech recognition ,02 engineering and technology ,Agreement ,030507 speech-language pathology & audiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,tempo disagreement ,Perception ,[INFO.INFO-SD]Computer Science [cs]/Sound [cs.SD] ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Active listening ,NA ,perceptual tempo ,0305 other medical science ,Set (psychology) ,[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing ,media_common ,[SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing - Abstract
International audience; In the absence of a music score, tempo can only be defined by its perception by users. Thus recent studies have focused on the estimation of perceptual tempo defined by listening experiments. So far, algorithms have only been proposed to estimate the tempo when people agree on it. In this paper, we study the case when people disagree on the perception of tempo and propose an algorithm to predict this disagreement. For this, we hypothesize that the perception of tempo is correlated to a set of variations of various viewpoints on the audio content: energy, harmony, spectral-balance variations and short-term-similarity-rate. We suppose that when those variations are coherent, a shared perception of tempo is favoured and when they are not, people may perceive different tempi. We then propose several statistical models to predict the agreement or disagreement in the perception of tempo from these audio features. Finally, we evaluate the models using a test-set resulting from the perceptual experiment performed at Last-FM in 2011.
- Published
- 2013
23. DES CHAÎNES ET DES ANTICHAÎNES DANS LES ENSEMBLES ORDONNÉS FINIS.
- Author
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CASPARD, Nathalie
- Subjects
PARTIALLY ordered sets ,CHAINS ,MATHEMATICS theorems ,COMPUTER science ,MATHEMATICAL models - Abstract
Copyright of Mathématiques & Sciences Humaines is the property of Editions du CNRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Système radar FMCW pour l'identification de transpondeurs
- Author
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Stephane Meric, Christian Brousseau, Claude Moullec, Nizar Bouhlel, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes (IETR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Advanced Radio Solutions (ADVANTEN), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Continuous-wave radar ,Identification (information) ,[SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism ,Computer science ,Physics::Space Physics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Condensed Matter Physics ,[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing ,Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Transponder ,Remote sensing ,[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics - Abstract
International audience; In this paper, we deal with a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar used for localizing and tracking targets by frequency evaluation of the received radar beat signal. We consider the transponder as target and we achieve an identification application through frequency identification thanks to the shift frequency induced by the active target. The localization performance of FMCW radars based on radio-identification in the range (SHF) are presented and studied. Simulations and measurements complete the paper.; Dans cet article, nous traitons d'un système radar à onde continue à modulation de fréquence (FMCW) utilisé pour localiser et suivre des cibles par l'évaluation de la fréquence du signal de battement radar reçu. Nous considérons un transpondeur linéaire comme cible et nous réalisons une identification de cible grâce à la fréquence de décalage induite par cette cible active. Les performances de localisation des radars FMCW basés sur la radio-identification dans la gamme (SHF) sont présentées et étudiées. Des simulations et des mesures viennent compléter le papier.
- Published
- 2018
25. Jouer dans un monde informatisé : l’imaginaire informatique dans les jeux de rôle cyberpunk
- Author
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Isabelle Périer
- Subjects
lcsh:Language and Literature ,capitalisme ,media_common.quotation_subject ,050801 communication & media studies ,imaginaire ,computer science ,role playing games ,cyberpunk ,power ,0508 media and communications ,0502 economics and business ,informatique ,jeu de rôle ,capitalism ,magie ,media_common ,05 social sciences ,General Engineering ,ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING ,Art ,imaginary ,puissance ,lcsh:P ,magc ,Humanities ,050203 business & management ,magic - Abstract
Cet article se propose d’analyser l’évolution de l’imaginaire informatique entre la fin des années 80 et les années 2010 au travers de l’étude de deux mondes fictionnels de jeu de rôle appartenant au genre du cyberpunk : Cyberpunk et Shadowrun. Après une rapide présentation de ces deux mondes fictionnels, il se livre dans un premier temps à l’étude des évolutions de l’imaginaire informatique constatées entre les différentes éditions de ces jeux afin de souligner deux idées importantes : la révolution que constitue un monde informatique sans fil et le paradoxe entre une démocratisation et une complexification de l’informatique. Dans un second temps, il s’efforce de dégager les grandes permanences de cet imaginaire informatique en montrant qu’il se cristallise autour des notions de capitalisme, de puissance, de violence et d’une étrange similitude entre magie et informatique. This paper aims to study how computer imaginary evolved from the end of the eighties until our days. To achieve this, we’ll scrutinize two famous cyberpunk pen and paper role playing game’s fictional worlds : Cyberpunk and Shadowrun. After a short description of those fictional worlds, we’ll study how computer imaginary evolved through the many editions of those RPG to emphasize two main ideas : the revolution of wireless hardware and the paradoxical democratization and complexity of computers. After which, we’ll show the permanence and consistency of some notions and representations : how computers are linked to capitalism and the idea of power or violence, and how computers are often related to the idea of magic.
- Published
- 2017
26. Objets du quotidien pour interagir avec des environnements multi- écrans publics
- Author
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Houssem Saidi, Emmanuel Dubois, Marcos Serrano, Etude de L’Interaction Personne SystèmE (IRIT-ELIPSE), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and AFIHM
- Subjects
Public multi-displays environments ,Interaction tangible ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,Creativity ,everyday objects ,ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI) ,Human–computer interaction ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Tangible Interaction ,Objets du quotidien ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Session (computer science) ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,Environnements multi-écrans publics ,050107 human factors ,media_common - Abstract
TEC - Travaux en Cours; International audience; Multi-display environments (MDE) are becoming more and more common in public areas. They are mainly used to display information due to the limited interaction possibilities they offer. In this paper, we study how using everyday objects, available on or around users, could improve interaction with public multi-display environments. To this end, we conducted a study, in the form of a creativity session, to understand how participants would use everyday objects, to realize the most usual tasks in public MDEs. The results of this study are presented and discussed in this paper.; Les environnements multi-écrans (EME) se multiplient dans les lieux publics. Les possibilités d’interaction qu’ils offrent étant limitées, ils sont principalement utilisés pour afficher de l’information. Dans cet article, nous étudions comment les objets du quotidien, disponibles sur ou autour des utilisateurs, pourraient porter l’interaction avec les environnements multi-écrans publics. Cette approche fait émerger des solutions pour des interactions rapides, opportunistes et naturelles, ce qui répond aux besoins liés à ce type d’environnements (publics et peu sécurisés). Nous avons réalisé une séance de créativité à laquelle ont participé 8 personnes. Le but de cette séance était d’étudier la manière avec laquelle les participants exploiteraient différentes catégories d'objets du quotidien pour réaliser plusieurs tâches d’interaction avec des EME.
- Published
- 2017
27. Designing an E-government portal accessible to illiterate citizens
- Author
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Hind Kabaili, Imane Taoufik, and Driss Kettani
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Government ,education.field_of_study ,Knowledge management ,Computer science ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,USable ,World Wide Web ,Quality (business) ,User interface ,business ,education ,Functional illiteracy ,E-Government, Graphical User Interface, Illiteracy, User Centered Design ,User-centered design ,Graphical user interface ,media_common - Abstract
The digital battle has become the most important factor of economic and social development. In fact, there is no doubt on the fact that establishing E-government systems can improve the quality of government services and enhance the citizens’ life. However, E-government projects cannot be successful if they are not adapted to the specific cultural and social needs of the final users. Taking into consideration the high illiteracy rate within the Moroccan population, we conducted our research in order to design an E-government portal for the old city of Fez that is accessible by the majority of the citizens especially those who are illiterate. The objective of this research is exploring the different architectures, scenarios and technologies for designing an E-government portal that is usable and accessible by all Fez citizens whether they are literate or illiterate. Hence, the concrete output of this project is a usable graphical user interface accessible to both literate and illiterate people in order for them to interact with the static content and to use the online transactions. In the process of achieving our goal, we had to discover and create design principles and to test them with real users. To achieve our goal we had to pay particular attention to the following points: • Considering the two existing types of illiteracy: literal illiteracy and digital illiteracy. • Designing the GUI so that it is not dedicated mainly to illiterate people: literate people too should be able to use the e-government system without frustration. • Since it is the first portal targeting illiterate users in Morocco, we were interested also in building conventions on the type of symbols to be used. In fact, the main two assumptions behind this project are: • Effective electronic service delivery has to enable citizens to access government services in a new and more effective way than the traditional ways. • Government services have to be presented to citizens in a usable format and in a human centred manner. In that way, we can express the goals that are aimed to be achieved by this project as being: • Improving knowledge about how illiterate citizens in Morocco can interact with E- government services. • Developing a methodology and architecture for e-government application development that fulfils the needs of Arabic developing countries. • Demonstrating the ability of Moroccan illiterate citizens to interact with e-government portals that uses new technologies. This paper describes and justifies the chosen methodology, architecture and tools that were applied in order to develop Fez e-government portal’s graphical user interface. The results of the designed graphical user interface’ s testing are presented and discussed in order to assess the project’s success., Revue Marocaine des Sciences de Management, No 7 (2017)
- Published
- 2023
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28. Travel time statistical modeling with the Halphen distribution family
- Author
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Romain Billot, Nour-Eddin El Faouzi, Raphaël Delhome, OSLANDIA (Entreprise), Lab-STICC_TB_CID_DECIDE, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance ( Lab-STICC ), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Département Logique des Usages, Sciences sociales et Sciences de l'Information ( LUSSI ), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Bretagne Loire ( UBL ) -IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux ( IFSTTAR ), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Logique des Usages, Sciences sociales et Sciences de l'Information (IMT Atlantique - LUSSI), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)
- Subjects
Computer science ,Diagram (category theory) ,Aerospace Engineering ,010501 environmental sciences ,computer.software_genre ,01 natural sciences ,Set (abstract data type) ,[INFO.INFO-CY]Computer Science [cs]/Computers and Society [cs.CY] ,[MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST] ,0502 economics and business ,Econometrics ,[ MATH.MATH-ST ] Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST] ,Representation (mathematics) ,Reliability (statistics) ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,050210 logistics & transportation ,[STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP] ,Mathematical model ,Applied Mathematics ,05 social sciences ,[ STAT.AP ] Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP] ,Statistical model ,Computer Science Applications ,Data set ,[ INFO.INFO-CY ] Computer Science [cs]/Computers and Society [cs.CY] ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Automotive Engineering ,Probability distribution ,Data mining ,computer ,Software ,Information Systems - Abstract
International audience; This paper introduces the Halphen distribution family for modeling travel time distributions and their reliability on single road links. This probability family originally used in hydrology has a set of relevant characteristics. It is composed of three probability distribution functions for which the mathematical properties are described here. The paper uses a graphical representation, the δ-Moment Ratio Diagram (δ-MRD). This tool allows characterizing travel time reliability as well as selecting best distribution candidates within the fitting processes, by considering empirical data sets. A systematic methodology is developed to take advantage of both aspects. From maximum log-likelihood estimation it is shown that Halphen distributions are amongst the best state-of-the-art solutions for the travel time modeling purpose. This global framework is validated using two empirical data sets: an urban data set gathered in Portland, Oregon (USA) and a periurban data set from Lyon (France). The model calibration is eased through the use of the δ-MRD; this property opens new research directions about the mapping between traffic states and statistical modeling. It comes out from all these considerations that the Halphen family is suitable to describe accurately the travel time dynamics on single links. Therefore it could be part of a decision support system for practitioners interested in travel time variability.
- Published
- 2017
29. Articuler histoire et informatique, enseignement et recherche : le PIREH de l’université Panthéon-Sorbonne
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Léo Dumont, Octave Julien, and Stéphane Lamassé
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history ,history of the digital humanities ,collaboration ,computer science ,teaching ,quantitative methods ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 - Abstract
The Center for Computing in History (Pôle informatique de recherche et d’enseignement en histoire, PIREH) of Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne University is rooted in a tradition of using statistics and computer sciences in History since the creation of this university in 1971. This paper first presents the people involved in this field at Paris 1 in the 1970-1980s, their teaching, and their work (journals, software), by replacing them in the intellectual and technical context of the time. The creation of the PIREH in 1999 reinforced this movement and structured a curriculum based on the use of databases, text analysis and factorial analysis in History. Since the late 1990s, the activity of the PIREH is diversifying, in response to the development of the Web, to the availability of new and more accessible computing tools, and to several interdisciplinary collaborations. By retracing this history, one can better grasp the specific use the PIREH makes of computing for teaching and researching History.
- Published
- 2020
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30. Entre a arquivologia e outras disciplinas: promessas de interdisciplinaridade?
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Angelica Alves da Cunha Marques and Natália Bolfarini Tognoli
- Subjects
Archival Science ,Computer Science ,Information Science ,Diplomatics ,History ,Interdisciplinarity ,Bibliography. Library science. Information resources - Abstract
This paper results from concerns about the history of uni/bi/multilateral relationships between Archival Science and other disciplines and about the tendency to naturalize interdisciplinarity as an intrinsic characteristic of disciplines in the contemporaneity. By questioning the rejection of relation between Archival Science and other disciplines on behalf of its scientific autonomy, as well as part of other discipline as a technique, we intend to shed light on the relationships that Archival Science has established (or not) with other disciplines in pursuing its scientific autonomy. Both sides instigate us to resume some concepts of interdisciplinarity and its ramifications aiming to understand the relations between Archival Science and other disciplines in its path of scientific development. Through a literature review we introduce some historical landmarks of Diplomatics, History, Computer Science and Information Science which we believe have a strong relationship with Archival Science. The results demonstrate an interdisciplinary relation between Archival Science and Diplomatics, and relations more specific with the other disciplines.
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- 2016
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31. The influence of moral sensitivity on organizational cooperation
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Benoit Gaudou, Oswaldo Terán, Christophe Sibertin-Blanc, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Universidad de Los Andes (VENEZUELA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Centro de Simulación y Modelos (CESIMO - ULA), Universidad de Los Andes [Venezuela] (ULA), Systèmes Multi-Agents Coopératifs (IRIT-SMAC), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
- Subjects
Value (ethics) ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,050109 social psychology ,Social systems ,Modelling ,Theoretical Computer Science ,Originality ,050602 political science & public administration ,Computer Science (miscellaneous) ,Organizational structures ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,H- INFORMATIQUE ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Game theory ,media_common ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,16. Peace & justice ,Morality ,Modélisation et simulation ,[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation ,0506 political science ,Epistemology ,Free rider problem ,Action (philosophy) ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Social system ,Organizational structure ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Decision making ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Simulation - Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present how to model moral sensitivity and emotions in organizational setting by using the SocLab formal framework. SocLab is a platform for the modelling, simulation and analysis of cooperation relationships within social organizations – and more generally Systems of Organized Action. Design/methodology/approach – Simulation results, including an interesting tendency for a Free Rider model, will be given. Considering that actors’ decision-making processes are not just driven by instrumental interest, the SocLab learning simulation algorithm has been extended to represent moral sensitivity, making actors trying to prevent bad emotions and feel good ones. Findings – Some simulation results about actors’ collaboration and emotions in a Free Rider model were presented. A noteworthy tendency is that actors’ unconditional collaboration, which occurs when their moral sensitivity reaches its highest value, is not so good since it exempts other actors from collaboration (they take advantage from the unconditional collaboration), while values of moral sensitivity somewhat below the highest value (between 0.7 and 0.9) still induces collaboration from others. Originality/value – The research and results presented in this paper have not been presented in other papers or workshops. The presented quantitative definition of emotions (determining indexes of emotions) is different to previous approaches – for instance, to Ortony, Clore and Collins (OCC) qualitative descriptions and to logical descriptions. Similarly, simulation of morality in organizations is a new research field, which has received scarce attention up to now.
- Published
- 2015
32. IMRR and IMPR Routing Protocols For Inter and Intra Wireless Mesh Communications
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Olivier Togni, Hajer Bargaoui, Nader Mbarek, Mounir Frikha, and Mbarek, Nader
- Subjects
Routing protocol ,Static routing ,Zone Routing Protocol ,Dynamic Source Routing ,[INFO.INFO-NI] Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI] ,business.industry ,Computer science ,HQMR ,Distributed computing ,ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS ,Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol ,Network simulation ,Wireless Routing Protocol ,QoS ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,02 engineering and technology ,WMN ,Link-state routing protocol ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Hazy Sighted Link State Routing Protocol ,business ,Computer network - Abstract
Given the evolution of wireless technologies, Wireless Mesh Networks (WMN) have appeared as an emerging low-cost solution to ensure last-mile connectivity to the Internet network. However, providing real-time and streaming applications, such as VoIP (Voice over IP) and VoD (Video on Demand), with a satisfying QoS level is considered as an important challenge within these networks. In this paper, we propose a QoS based routing protocol, called Hybrid QoS Mesh Routing (HQMR), jointly with a clustering algorithm to improve the scalability of mesh networks. HQMR is composed of two routing sub- protocols: a reactive QoS based routing protocol for intra-mesh infrastructure communications and a proactive QoS based multi- tree routing protocol for communications with external networks. We analyze in this paper the simulation results of different scenarios conducted on the network simulator ns-3 to demonstrate the effectiveness of the reactive routing sub-protocol while forwarding real-time applications with a QoS guarantee.
- Published
- 2015
33. Résilience des systèmes interactifs: contribution par une architecture tolérante aux fautes
- Author
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Jean-Charles Fabre, Yannick Deleris, Martin Cronel, David Navarre, Camille Fayollas, Eric Barboni, Philippe Palanque, Interactive Critical Systems (IRIT-ICS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Équipe Tolérance aux fautes et Sûreté de Fonctionnement informatique (LAAS-TSF), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Airbus Operation S.A.S., Airbus [France], Projets FENICS financé par CORAC, Airbus R&D - Display System X31WD1107313, AFIA : Association Francophone d'Interaction Homme-Machine, Université Lille 1, INRIA Lille - Nord Europe, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)
- Subjects
Interactive computing ,Computer science ,Window manager ,02 engineering and technology ,computer.software_genre ,Software Architecture ,Component (UML) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Transient (computer programming) ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,Resilience (network) ,050107 human factors ,Resilience ,Critical Interactive Systems ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,020207 software engineering ,Fault tolerance ,Fault-tolerance ,Software bug ,Embedded system ,Software architecture ,business ,computer - Abstract
National audience; Research contributions to improve interactive systems reliability as, for now, mainly focused towards fault occurrence prevention by removing software bugs at development time. However, Interactive Systems complexity is so high that whatever efforts are deployed at development time, faults and failures occur at operation time. Root causes of such failures may be due to transient hardware faults or (when systems are used in high atmosphere) may be so called "natural faults" triggered by alpha particles in processors or neutrons from cosmic radiations. This paper proposes an exhaustive identification of faults to be handled in order to improve interactive systems reliability. As currently no research has been carried out in the field of interactive systems to detect and remove natural faults, this paper proposes a software architecture providing fault-tolerant mechanisms dedicated to interactive systems. More precisely, the paper how such architecture addresses the various component of interactive applications namely widgets, user application and window manager. These concepts are demonstrated through a case study from the domain of interactive cockpits of large civil aircrafts. \; La recherche pour améliorer la fiabilité des systèmes interactifs s’est, pour l’instant, principalement dirigée vers la prévention d’introduction de fautes par la suppression des bugs lors du développement. Cependant, la complexité des systèmes interactifs est telle que, quels que soient ces efforts, des défaillances apparaissent lors de leur utilisation. Les causes de telles défaillances peuvent être dues à des pannes matérielles intermittentes ou (quand ces systèmes sont utilisés en haute altitude (avions, véhicules spatiaux …) être déclenchées par des fautes naturelles dues aux particules alpha dans les processeurs ou aux neutrons issus des radiations cosmiques. Cet article propose l’identification exhaustive des problématiques se posant pour améliorer la fiabilité des systèmes interactifs en prenant en compte à la fois les erreurs faites dans les phases de développement et les fautes qui peuvent se produire lors de leur utilisation. Du fait qu’aucune recherche n’a été menée à ce jour pour détecter et éliminer les fautes naturelles, l’article propose aussi une architecture logicielle pour intégrer des mécanismes de tolérance aux fautes dans les systèmes interactifs. L’article présente en particulier comment cette architecture couvre les différents composants d’un système interactif incluant les widgets, le gestionnaire de fenêtres et l’application interactive. Ces concepts sont mis en œuvre sur une application interactive de cockpits d’avions civils.
- Published
- 2014
34. AT et la sémantique des prépositions
- Author
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Dominique Boulonnais
- Subjects
lcsh:Language and Literature ,Computer science ,Semantics (computer science) ,Verb ,prepositions ,Linguistics ,Meaning (philosophy of language) ,Noun ,conative alternation ,lcsh:P ,General Materials Science ,AT ,Argument (linguistics) ,Element (category theory) ,Control (linguistics) ,Adjective - Abstract
This paper examines the semantics of AT in English, with a view to accounting for the way prepositional constructions are learned in a usage-based approach to language.Prepositions in their primary uses are shown to be both case and theta-role assigners, whose distribution in language use is semantically determined by their core value. The latter is established through the analogical processes which control the development of variables in the corresponding prepositional constructions.It is argued that AT has two main uses : an autonomous use in which the PP denotes a spatial or temporal adimensional landmark (there/then) and a dependent one in which the PP becomes part of a construction headed by a governing element, verb, adjective or noun (at + pronoun). AT PPs can instantiate three argument positions, Trigger, Target and Domain, depending on the governing element.The paper also discusses two values which are commonly associated with AT in governed PPs, namely aggressiveness and incompleteness, to show that neither can be considered as part of the core meaning of the preposition.
- Published
- 2014
35. Du crayon au stylo numérique : influences des IHM à stylo et des interprétations numériques sur l'activité graphique en tâches de conception
- Author
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Pierre Leclercq, Stéphane Safin, and Roland Juchmes
- Subjects
[INFO:INFO_HC] Informatique/Interface homme-machine ,Engineering drawing ,Design stage ,Computer science ,Interpretation (philosophy) ,Architectural design ,[INFO:INFO_HC] Computer Science/Human-Computer Interaction ,sketches interpretation ,digital sketches ,Visual arts - Abstract
Our research is embedded in the framework of the development of free-hand drawing-based computer assisted architectural design environment. In this paper, we study the activity of drawings duplication, observed during the paper changes in the phase of preliminary sketching. We aim at identifying the impacts of two digital sketches environments, with or without drawings interpretation, on this activity and on the graphical productions. We observe six activities, two with paper-pencil and four distributed on our two prototypes, and draw some operational conclusions for the development of software designed to support the architectural sketches in the preliminary design stage.
- Published
- 2014
36. Les réseaux de personnages de science-fiction : échantillons de lectures intermédiaires
- Author
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Yannick Rochat and Mathieu Triclot
- Subjects
character ,graph theory ,reading level ,representation ,computer science ,Language and Literature - Abstract
This paper introduces a way of studying science fiction works using mathematical methods grounded in graph theory. Our approach combines close and distant reading in order to describe the structural roles of characters, as they appear in the network built from their co-occurrences in the text. This study includes three main results. The first consists in the introduction of « middle reading », a method combining close and distant reading to analyze character systems in works of fiction. It relies on network visualization together with mathematical concepts like centrality or cluster detection. The second result consists in a typology of the works composing the corpus, based on the structure of their character networks. The third result is a reading proposal based on character qualification as scientist, technician or politician. This approach adds a dimension to these characters networks, thus allowing a richer interpretation of characters systems.
- Published
- 2017
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37. Hallo! Voulez vous luncher avec moi hüt? Le 'code switching' dans la communication par SMS
- Author
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Simona Pekarek Doehler
- Subjects
Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,050801 communication & media studies ,Interpersonal communication ,Speech community ,German ,0508 media and communications ,Affection ,media_common ,060201 languages & linguistics ,Communication ,Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar ,P101-410 ,Character (computing) ,business.industry ,Repertoire ,05 social sciences ,06 humanities and the arts ,Linguistics ,language.human_language ,Focus (linguistics) ,Swiss German Language ,0602 languages and literature ,language ,Computational linguistics. Natural language processing ,P98-98.5 ,business - Abstract
Within the last two decades, text messaging by means of SMS has become a central tool of communication around the globe. The use of more than one language for composing a message is wide spread, but, to this day, is relatively underrepresented in research. This paper presents an analysis of the plurilingual nature of SMS communication in Switzerland with the limelight on the forms and functions of code-switching within a set of 345 messages, base language of which is French. Results show that SMS users regularly exhibit code-switching even if they are not members of a bilingual speech community. Code-switching most frequently consists of inserts, i.e. embeddings of single items or combinations of items within a message composed in another language, and this typically involves (only) a limited range of routinized expressions. While English is the most frequently used language for code-switching, German, Swiss German, Spanish and Italian are also recurrent, the latter two being particularly associated with terms of endearment. Code-switching regularly highlights the expression of actions that have a strong interpersonal (phatic) focus, such as greetings, good-byes or thanks. It elucidates the expressive character of the messages, and is also associated with the expression of affection. The specificity of the plurilingual SMS repertoire is discussed in the paper's conclusion.
- Published
- 2013
38. Pensée informatique : points de vue contrastés.
- Author
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DROT-DELANGE, Béatrice, PELLET, Jean-Philippe, DELMAS-RIGOUTSOS, Yannis, and BRUILLARD, Éric
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COMPUTER programming ,INFORMATION science ,COMPUTER science ,DEFINITIONS ,CONFERENCES & conventions - Abstract
Copyright of STICEF is the property of Sciences et Techniques de l'Information et de la Communication pour l'Education et la Formation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Revolução informacional, novas tecnologias e consumo imediatista
- Author
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Raimundo Nonato de Araujo Soares Neto
- Subjects
production ,consumption ,technology ,computer science ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science ,Social Sciences - Abstract
his paper is a discussion on the emergence of consumer behavior and trends very peculiar concurrently to an accelerated development of information technology and communication. We highlight how the tilt to customize products and services, developed in a time of economic prominence of innovation in production due to the continuous development of technology and microelectronics-based computer that came with the call and informational technology revolution and still is in full progress. We also present the main elements of Lipovetsky about new configurations of current society, their views on the technological progress in setting up this scenario, and as this author points out the reactions and ways of life of individuals, or as he calls it: hiperindivíduos, before the webs of consumption.
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- 2014
40. Designing empathy: the role of a control room in an elearning environment
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Marie Cambone, Annie Gentes, Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information (LTCI), Télécom ParisTech-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Télécom ParisTech, Centre Norbert Elias (CNELIAS), and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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User interfaces ,Design ,Computer science ,Process (engineering) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,[SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences ,Distance education ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Empathy ,02 engineering and technology ,E-learning ,[SHS.MUSEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Cultural heritage and museology ,Education ,Control room ,Human–computer interaction ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Computer Science (miscellaneous) ,Semiotics ,Distance learning ,021106 design practice & management ,media_common ,Internet ,Virtual class ,Virtual learning environment ,Interactive technology ,[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society ,Feeling ,Smart education ,User interface - Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to focus on the challenge of designing an interface for a virtual class, where being represented together contributes to the learning process. It explores the possibility of virtual empathy.Design/methodology/approachThe challenges are: How can this feeling of empathy be recreated through a delicate staging of location and interactions? How can the feeling of togetherness be organized in a 3D environment without creating a feeling of distraction? What are the tools of empathy in a mediated situation? The authors propose to use the concept of “contradictory semiotic analysis” to describe the design process that taps into visual cultures to build a representation and tools that support users' empathetic interactions. The analysis of designers' work from a semiotic point of view shows that they do not necessarily paint after life but play with different media and representations to build “remediated” situations of use.FindingsThe paper introduces the concept of “control room” elaborated after Manovich's control panel, to describe the visual interface that supports a diversity of points of view, hence supporting mediated empathetic relationships.Originality/valueThe paper answers the design questions: how can the system of representation support the feeling of empathy amongst participants through a delicate staging of space, people and of interactions within this space? How can a participant get, first, a feeling of togetherness and, second, a feeling of empathy with other participants? The design methodology is explained based on a “contradictory semiotic analysis” made of the comparison with similar platforms and with other modalities of empathy in different media. Second, the design proposition is described. Third, the design challenges that this type of production entails are discussed and the difficulties faced during the design process are analyzed.
- Published
- 2013
41. Autonomic Protocol-based Coordination in Dynamic Inter-Organizational Workflow
- Author
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Eric Andonoff, Wassim Bouaziz, Sogeti (FRANCE), Systèmes Multi-Agents Coopératifs (IRIT-SMAC), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
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Collaborative software ,Computer science ,Process (engineering) ,business.industry ,Distributed computing ,Agent protocol ,Context (language use) ,Système multi-agents ,02 engineering and technology ,Internet Standard ,Workflow engine ,Workflow ,Software agent ,[INFO.INFO-MA]Computer Science [cs]/Multiagent Systems [cs.MA] ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,business ,H- INFORMATIQUE ,Protocol (object-oriented programming) ,Dynamic inter-organizational workflow ,Autonomic coordination - Abstract
International audience; Given the maturity of Internet standards, inter-organizational workflow is expected to be deployed in environments that are more dynamic and open than before. This paper addresses Inter Organizational Workflow (IOW) coordination in such a context, mainly investigating autonomic coordination managed at run-time. It is based on the idea that an agent-based approach is suitable to deal with this issue. More precisely, this paper introduces a framework for dynamic IOW in which involved processes are encapsulated into agents, called Process Agents (PA) in order to give them the capability to autonomously decide with whom, when and how to cooperate, and in which involved processes can access protocol components for their coordination needs. Our approach is based on the capability of PAs in playing different coordination protocols in order to take part in new business opportunities. This solution has numerous advantages. First, it provides extendable and reusable coordination components. Then, it supports run-time protocol integration. Finally, it eases openness since it imposes very few constraints.
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- 2013
42. Des dictionnaires éditoriaux aux représentations XML standardisées
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Mathieu Mangeot, Chantal Enguehard, Groupe d’Étude en Traduction Automatique/Traitement Automatisé des Langues et de la Parole (GETALP), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Nantes Atlantique (LINA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN), Gala, Nuria and Zock, Michael, Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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060201 languages & linguistics ,computer.internet_protocol ,Computer science ,Lexicology ,06 humanities and the arts ,02 engineering and technology ,XSLT ,computer.file_format ,XML ,[INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL] ,World Wide Web ,Resource (project management) ,Electronic dictionary ,0602 languages and literature ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Lexical Markup Framework ,LMF ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Resource management ,SGML ,computer ,DiLAF ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
International audience; Create an electronic dictionary from scratch is an expensive job because this task mobilizes over a long period, the work of skilled contributors, if not in lexicology, at least in linguistics. The use of specialized computer tools is essential for resources used by programs in natural language processing. When the socio-economic environment does not gather the necessary resources to the drafting of an electronic dictionary and printed dictionaries exist, these dictionaries are an important resource that can be used to initialize the creation of electronic lexical resources. This paper presents theoretical and practical aspects concerning the conversion of publishing dictionaries to electronic lexical resources. It takes into account the issue of limited economic resources, technology and the availability of qualified persons. Our field experiments concerns under-resourced languages mainly in Southeast Asia (Khmer, Malay, Vietnamese) and the Sahel (Bambara, Hausa, Kanuri, Tamajaq, Zarma), as most of the examples and socio-linguistic situations described in the paper relate to these areas. After a brief history devoted to the formats of electronic dictionaries (SGML, XML, XSLT and CSS), we present two standards that are dedicated to them (Text Encoding Initiative and Lexical Markup Framework). The issue of under-resourced languages is exposed and is followed by some examples concerning published dictionaries. The main technical challenges are detailed like the lack of standardization of the alphabets used and special characters (outside the traditional latin range). The conversion methodology is outlined and then detailed. The conversion to a bridge format in XML can be done by regular expressions or using specialized tools. Then, the bridge format is converted into the target format in LMF. The last part is dedicated to the consultation of resources through an online platform resource management.
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- 2013
43. Dynamics of Relative Agreement in Multiple Social Contexts
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Luis Antunes, Frédéric Amblard, Davide Nunes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Universidade de Lisboa - ULisboa (PORTUGAL), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Laboratory of Agent Modelling - LabMAg (Lisbon, Portugal), Systèmes Multi-Agents Coopératifs (IRIT-SMAC), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
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Consensus ,Computer science ,Process (engineering) ,Relative agreement ,Social contexts ,01 natural sciences ,Social networks ,050105 experimental psychology ,Ideal (ethics) ,[INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI] ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Social space ,0103 physical sciences ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,H- INFORMATIQUE ,Opinion dynamics ,Social simulation ,Structure (mathematical logic) ,Social network ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Intelligence artificielle ,16. Peace & justice ,Data science ,Social relation ,Artificial intelligence ,Bounded confidence ,business ,Social structure - Abstract
National audience; In real world scenarios, the formation of consensus is an self-organisation process by which actors have to make a joint assessment about a target subject being it a decision making problem or the formation of a collective opinion. In social simulation, models of opinion dynamics tackle the opinion formation phenomena. These models try to make an assessment, for instance, of the ideal conditions that lead an interacting group of agents to opinion consensus, polarisation or fragmentation. In this paper, we investigate the role of social relation structure in opinion dynamics using an interaction model of relative agreement. We present an agent-based model that defines social relations as multiple concomitant social networks and apply our model to an opinion dynamics model with bounded confidence. We discuss the influence of complex social network topologies where actors interact in multiple relations simultaneously. The paper builds on previous work about social space design with multiple contexts and context switching, to determine the influence of such complex social structures in a process such as opinion formation.
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- 2013
44. Connaissances du contenu et connaissances technologiques des enseignants en Informatique en milieu francophone
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KOMIS (Greece), VASSILIS, BACHY (Belgium), SYLVIANE, GOLETI (Belgium), OLIVIER, PARRIAUX (Switzerland), GABRIEL, RAFALSKA (France), MARYNA, LAVIDAS (Greece), KONSTANTINOS, and UCL - SST/ICTM/INGI - Pôle en ingénierie informatique
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disciplinary knowledge ,Computer Science ,TPACK ,technological knowledge ,Computer Science, teaching, disciplinary knowledge, technological knowledge, teacher training, TPACK ,teacher training ,teaching - Abstract
In this article, following the TPACK framework, we study the content and technological knowledge of teachers who teach or are preparing to teach computer science in a francophone environment. The content knowledge is organised around the five main domains of computer science (algorithms, languages and programming, machines and networks, data representation, and computer science and society). Technological knowledge is studied based on current programming languages and educational programming languages. We administered a questionnaire around these questions and collected and analysed 339 valid responses. Through a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) we find that the knowledge declared by the teachers is varied. They are mainly organised in four groups (from poorly structured knowledge to complete knowledge) and follow a hierarchy depending on the content and technological context., Review of Science, Mathematics and ICT Education, Forthcoming papers
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- 2022
45. Some tests of adaptivity for the AS4DR scheduler
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Daniel Millot, Christian Parrot, Département Informatique (INF), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP)
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Computer science ,Heterogeneous platform ,Distributed computing ,Processor scheduling ,Workload ,Parallel application ,Scheduling (computing) ,Fixed-priority pre-emptive scheduling ,Memory architecture ,Distributed memory ,Adaptive scheduling ,[INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC] ,Unspecified distributed memory platform ,Multi-round divisible load scheduling - Abstract
International audience; This paper presents some tests of adaptivity for the AS4DR (Adaptive Scheduling for Distributed Resources) scheduler. The objective of AS4DR is to maximize the CPU use efficiency when executing divisible load applications on heterogeneous distributed memory platforms. Furthermore, this scheduler can operate when the total workload is unknown and when the execution parameters (available communication speed, available computing speed, etc.) are unspecified or may vary through time.The paper analyzes results obtained when simulating AS4DR scheduling on platforms characterized by such type of execution parameters.
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- 2012
46. Amélioration du circuit visuel des contrôleurs aériens pour relier les données entre visualisations en utilisant des transitions animées
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Stéphane Conversy, Maxime Cordeil, Christophe Hurter, ENAC - Equipe Informatique Interactive (LII), Ecole Nationale de l'Aviation Civile (ENAC), Direction Générale de l'Aviation Civile (DGAC), Interactive Critical Systems (IRIT-ICS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
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Computer science ,transitions visuelles ,étude de visualisations ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS ,02 engineering and technology ,animations ,visual transitions ,law.invention ,visualizations study ,Human–computer interaction ,law ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Computer vision ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,Radar ,050107 human factors ,Focus (computing) ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Process (computing) ,020207 software engineering ,Air traffic control ,InfoVis ,Eye tracking ,Artificial intelligence ,business - Abstract
International audience; Several separate displays are used by Air Traffic Controllers, such as radar view, flight lists view or paper strips. In order to link the information between these views and keep focus on a subset of flights, controllers are required to do visual operations (eye gaze, analysis of visual properties etc.). This process can be disruptive when traffic increases and when visualizations display large amounts of objects. In this paper we propose the use of animated transitions to replace the visual paths controllers take. We discuss this technique and show results of a predictive evaluation that suggests an improvement in users' performance.
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- 2011
47. Un espace de caractérisation de la télécommande dans le contexte de la télévision interactive
- Author
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Gilles Bailly, Eric Lecolinet, Yves Guiard, Dong-Bach Vo, Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information (LTCI), Télécom ParisTech-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Deutsche Telekom Laboratories (DT Lab), and Deutsche Telekom Laboratories
- Subjects
Multimedia ,Computer science ,Digital era ,05 social sciences ,Face (sociological concept) ,Context (language use) ,02 engineering and technology ,Interaction technique ,Space (commercial competition) ,computer.software_genre ,law.invention ,Variety (cybernetics) ,law ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,Interactive television ,computer ,050107 human factors ,Remote control - Abstract
International audience; Initially designed in the nineteen seventies as a mere zapping tool, obviously the traditional device known as the TV remote control no longer responds to the multifarious needs of today's interactive television. Designing new remote-control devices is a challenge that the HCI community has started to face. The paper indicates the various directions that are currently being investigated by researchers. The paper starts with an attempt to characterize the specific context of interactive TV. We then offer a tentative account of the design and evaluation space of interest. There is little doubt that the traditional remote control may still be improved and augmented. It is unlikely, however, that it will survive for long the crisis it has been undergoing since the beginning of the digital era, given the emerging plethora of alternative interaction possibilities based on a variety of new interfacing logics, which the paper reviews.
- Published
- 2011
48. Near sea surface target tracking by extended Kalman filtering of the GPS reflected signals
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Rene Garello, Arnaud Coatanhay, Frederic Maussang, Sarab Tay, Thierry Chonavel, Département Image et Traitement Information (ITI), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (UMR 3192) (Lab-STICC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lab-STICC_TB_CID_TOMS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Extraction et Exploitation de l'Information en Environnements Incertains (E3I2), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne), Département STIC [Brest] (STIC), Département Signal et Communications (SC), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Bretagne-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB), Télécom Bretagne (devenu IMT Atlantique), Ex-Bibliothèque, Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne, and Pôle STIC [Brest] (STIC)
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Extended kalman filtering ,Computer science ,GPS ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Target tracking ,02 engineering and technology ,Tracking (particle physics) ,Physics::Geophysics ,remote sensing ,Signal-to-noise ratio ,[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,021101 geological & geomatics engineering ,Remote sensing ,[SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing ,Sea surface ,GNSS ,business.industry ,Matched filter ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,Kalman filter ,Filter (signal processing) ,[SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism ,GNSS applications ,Global Positioning System ,inverse problem ,Satellite ,business ,[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing - Abstract
International audience; This paper addresses the use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) as a remote sensing tool for oceanographic applications. In this paper we use the Global Positioning System (GPS) signals reflected off the sea surface along with a coastal receiver to perform detection and tracking of a near sea surface mobile target. Because these signals have a very low Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) in a non stationary medium, a matched filter is required. A filter based on the Extended Kalman process is presented here.
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- 2011
49. Design process enabling adaptation in pervasive heterogeneous contexts
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André Thépaut, Maria-Teresa Segarra, Jean-Baptiste Lézoray, Antoine Beugnard, Jean-Marie Gilliot, An Phung-Khac, Département informatique (INFO), and Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
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Population ageing ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Mobile computing ,02 engineering and technology ,Management Science and Operations Research ,Domain (software engineering) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Dynamic adaptation ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,Adaptation (computer science) ,Simulation ,media_common ,computer.programming_language ,AAL ,020207 software engineering ,Model driven engineering ,Computer Science Applications ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Hardware and Architecture ,Design process ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Model-driven architecture ,Heterogeneity ,computer ,Autonomy ,Adaptive medium approach - Abstract
International audience; In the next decades, the growth in population ageing will cause important problems to most industrialized countries. To tackle this issue, Ambient Assistive Living (AAL) systems can reinforce the well-being of elderly people, by providing emergency, autonomy enhancement, and comfort services. These services will postpone the need of a medicalized environment, and will allow the elderly to stay longer at home. However, each elderly has specific needs and a deployment environment of such services is likely unique. Furthermore, the needs evolve over time, and so does the deployment environment of the system. In this paper, we propose the use of a model-based development method, the adaptive medium approach, to enable dynamic adaptation of AAL systems. We also propose improvements to make it more suited to the AAL domain, such as considering heterogeneity and a composition model. The paper includes an evaluation of the prototype implementing the approach, and a comparison with related work.
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- 2011
50. Analyse des critères d'évaluation des systèmes de recherche d'information
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Désiré Kompaoré, Sébastien Déjean, Alain Baccini, Josiane Mothe, Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse UMR5219 (IMT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes d’Informations Généralisées (IRIT-SIG), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
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0303 health sciences ,Information retrieval ,Computer science ,05 social sciences ,Control (management) ,Rank (computer programming) ,computer.software_genre ,Set (abstract data type) ,03 medical and health sciences ,Database query ,[INFO.INFO-IR]Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR] ,Information system ,Statistical analysis ,Data mining ,0509 other social sciences ,Document retrieval ,050904 information & library sciences ,computer ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
Evaluating information retrieval implies a document collection on which search is carried out, a set of test queries and the lists of the relevant documents for each query. This evaluation framework also includes evaluation measures making it possible to control the impact of search parameters on the performance. Trec-eval calculates a large number of measures, some being used more widely, like the mean average precision or recall-precision curves. The aim of this paper is to choose the minimal set of measures necessary to compare different information retrieval systems. In this paper, we present the study we carried out on relationships between 27 measures among the most used in the literature. We show that a set of 7 measures is enough to represent 27 studied measures: ircl_prn.80, MAP, ircl_pr.20, recip_rank, P15, exact_precision, and exact_recall.
- Published
- 2010
51. Une approche multi-agent pour la gestion de l'énergie dans l'habitat
- Author
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Sylvie Pesty, Mireille Jacomino, Stéphane Ploix, Shadi Abras, Laboratoire Leibniz (Leibniz - IMAG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Gestion et Conduite des Systèmes de Production (G-SCOP_GCSP), Laboratoire des sciences pour la conception, l'optimisation et la production (G-SCOP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Perruet, Marie Josèphe
- Subjects
Power management ,[SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics] ,business.industry ,Energy management ,Computer science ,Distributed computing ,Multi-agent system ,Control (management) ,Energy consumption ,7. Clean energy ,Power (physics) ,Electric power system ,[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] ,Artificial Intelligence ,Home automation ,business ,Telecommunications ,Software ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
This paper presents a multi-agent approach dedicated to power management in buildings. This approach, defines a multi-layer control mechanism: reactive and anticipative mechanisms. In a first part, the paper presents the power system and its problems. Then, it presents the agents modeling of the proposed system, called MAHAS. In the second part of this paper, we show how a multi-agent system, well adapted to solve problems spatially distributed and opened, can dynamically adapt the consumption of energy to various constraints by exploiting the flexibilities of the services provided by domestic devices (services shifting, energy accumulating).
- Published
- 2010
52. Décodage EM du code de Tardos pour le fingerprinting
- Author
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Teddy Furon, Caroline Fontaine, Ana Charpentier, Digital image processing, modeling and communication (TEMICS), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, and Furon, Teddy
- Subjects
Theoretical computer science ,Iterative method ,Computer science ,[INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing ,Data_MISCELLANEOUS ,02 engineering and technology ,Tracing ,Computer security ,computer.software_genre ,Information protection policy ,[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing ,Traitor tracing ,Expectation–maximization algorithm ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Digital watermarking ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,[INFO.INFO-TI] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV] ,[INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV] ,Collusion ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,computer ,[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing ,Decoding methods - Abstract
This paper presents our recent work on multimedia fingerprinting, also known as traitor tracing. We focus on deriving a better accusation process for the well known Tardos codes. It appears that Tardos orginal decoding is very conservative: its performances are guaranteed whatever the collusion strategy. Indeed, major improvements stem from the knowledge of the collusion strategy. Therefore, this paper investigates how it is possible to learn and adapt to the collusion strategy. Our solution is based on an iterative algorithm a la EM, where a better estimation of the collusion strategy yields a better tracing of the colluders, which in return yields a better estimation of the collusion strategy etc.
- Published
- 2009
53. Qualité perçue des schémas conceptuels. Etude comparée informaticiens vs. utilisateurs
- Author
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Samira Si-Said Cherfi, Jacky Akoka, Isabelle Comyn-Wattiau, Centre d'études et de recherche en informatique et communications (CEDRIC), Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Informatique pour l'Industrie et l'Entreprise (ENSIIE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Département Systèmes d'Information (DSI), Télécom Ecole de Management (TEM)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom Business School (IMT-BS), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), ESSEC Business School, and Essec Business School
- Subjects
Knowledge management ,Operations research ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Sample (statistics) ,law.invention ,law ,Information system ,Qualité perçue ,Quality (business) ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,Domain of discourse ,Set (psychology) ,media_common ,Expérimentation ,[INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB] ,business.industry ,Conceptual model (computer science) ,Quality ,Specialization (logic) ,CLARITY ,Schéma conceptuel ,Métriques de qualité ,business ,Facteurs de qualité ,Qualité ,Information Systems - Abstract
Conceptual model quality can be defined as a set of perceivable characteristics expressed with quantifiable parameters. The aim of the research described in this paper is to evaluate the quality of different conceptual model versions of the same universe of discourse by different Information Systems (IS) stakeholders. This paper describes: a) a set of quality factors (clarity, simplicity, expressiveness, minimality) applied to different versions of ER conceptual schemas, b) an approach enabling a comprehensive comparison of the conceptual schemas, c) an experimentation leading to the evaluation of the same schemas by IS stakeholders such as designers, end-users, and students, based on a sample of about 120 observations using different statistical methods. First results indicate that there exists a strong independence between the IS stakeholders and the quality factors used. A second result reveals a significant difference between groups of respondents in their ways to perceive conceptual schemas quality. Based on our experiment, we are able to identify quality factors relevant to different groups of stakeholders, depending on several dimensions, such as their professional experience, and/or their specialization degree.
- Published
- 2009
54. Un espace de conception fondé sur une analyse morphologique des techniques de menus
- Author
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Michel Beaudouin-Lafon, Mathieu Nancel, Stéphane Huot, Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Situated interaction (IN-SITU), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)
- Subjects
Engineering drawing ,Computer science ,05 social sciences ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.2: User Interfaces/H.5.2.4: Graphical user interfaces (GUI) ,ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.2: User Interfaces/H.5.2.6: Input devices and strategies (e.g., mouse, touchscreen) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,Design space ,050107 human factors ,Simulation ,Generative grammar - Abstract
International audience; This paper presents a design space based on a morphological analysis of menu techniques. The goal of this design space is to facilitate the exploration of novel menu designs, in particular to increase menu capacity without sacrificing performance. The paper demonstrates the generative aspect of this design space with four new menu designs based on poorly explored combinations of input dimensions. For two of these four designs, the paper presents controlled experiments that show that they perform on a par with other menus from the literature.; Cet article présente un espace de conception basé sur une analyse morphologique des mécanismes de structuration des menus et de sélection des items. Son but est de faciliter l'exploration de nouveaux types de menus afin notamment d'augmenter leur capacité sans détériorer leurs performances. L'article démontre l'aspect génératif de cet espace de conception grâce à quatre nouveaux designs de menus, basés sur des combinaisons de dimensions pas ou peu explorées. Pour deux d'entre eux, des expérimentations contrôlées montrent qu'ils offrent des performances comparables aux menus de la littérature.
- Published
- 2009
55. Experiments on routes to chaos in ball bearings
- Author
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Jean-Louis Guyader, Bruno Mevel, Laboratoire Vibrations Acoustique (LVA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), and INSA Lyon, LVA
- Subjects
Test bench ,Ball bearing ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Mathematical analysis ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Instability ,law.invention ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Computer Science::Networking and Internet Architecture ,Simulation ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
The theoretical motion of a ball bearing has been studied in a previous paper. Using a control parameter, different routes to chaos were described. The aim of this paper is to study the experimental routes to chaos in a ball bearing and to confirm whether theoretical predictions of the phenomena are realistic. An experimental test bench has been used and a numerical procedure has been proposed for observing Poincare maps. As the control parameter varies the bearing clearly shows the appearance of instability in its motion. Two different routes to chaos are described as expected from the theory. The first route is related to the first resonant frequency of the bearing. It is a sub-harmonic route. The second route, associated with the second resonant frequency, is a quasi-periodic route.
- Published
- 2008
56. Etude d'interacteurs pour la sélection d'une ligne de coupe depuis une carte
- Author
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Guillaume Rivière, Nadine Couture, ESTIA Recherche, Ecole Supérieure des Technologies Industrielles Avancées (ESTIA), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2
- Subjects
InformationSystems_INFORMATIONINTERFACESANDPRESENTATION(e.g.,HCI) ,business.industry ,Computer science ,geosciences ,020207 software engineering ,Usability ,02 engineering and technology ,Interface Utilisateur Tangible (TUI) ,GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS ,géosciences ,Task (project management) ,Domain (software engineering) ,Human–computer interaction ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Tangible User Interface (TUI) ,Tangible user interface ,[Information Interfaces and Presentation (e.g., HCI)]: User Interface ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,Line (text file) ,business ,Tabletop - Abstract
4 pages, démonstrations; National audience; In this paper, we discuss a choice of props for a dedicated task: selecting a cutting line from a top map. We present GeoTUI, a tabletop and a Tangible User Interface intended to geosciences. Several props have been evaluated for both usability and task performance. We begin with an analysis of the advantages of addressing a specific domain in this kind of study.; Nous nous intéressons à la sélection d'une ligne de coupe dans un modèle 3D. Nous nous situons donc dans le pa-radigme des interfaces utilisateurs 3D (3DUI). Dans ce contexte, il est intéressant pour adresser un problème gé-néral d'expérimenter sur des applications métiers complexes porteuses de contraintes et d'exigences, ici les géosciences. Dans le cadre de l'interface proposée, table interactive et interface tangible, nous étudions les diffé-rentes métaphores d'interaction possibles et déterminons le meilleur interacteur pour la tâche ciblée. ABSTRACT In this paper, we discuss a choice of props for a dedicated task: selecting a cutting line from a top map. We present GeoTUI, a tabletop and a Tangible User Interface intended to geosciences. Several props have been evaluated for both usability and task performance. We begin with an analysis of the advantages of addressing a specific domain in this kind of study.
- Published
- 2007
57. Web Architecture for Monitoring and Visualizing Mobile Objects in Maritime Contexts
- Author
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Cyril Ray, Thomas Devogele, Alain Bouju, Christophe Claramunt, Frédéric Bertrand, Limousin, Dominique, Laboratoire Informatique, Image et Interaction - EA 2118 (L3I), and Université de La Rochelle (ULR)
- Subjects
Distributed GIS ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multimedia ,Computer science ,Mobile Web ,02 engineering and technology ,computer.software_genre ,World Wide Web ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,medicine ,Mobile search ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Web navigation ,Web mapping ,Web service ,computer ,Web modeling ,Data Web - Abstract
Recent advances in telecommunication and positioning systems, web and wireless architectures offer new perspectives and challenges to the management and visualization of mobile and geo-referenced objects. Amongst many research challenges still opened, the development of integrated sensorbased architectures necessary to the integration of mobile data has been often neglected. Real-time integration of sensor-based data, their management within a distributed system, and diffusion to different levels of services and interfaces to what should be considered as a collaborative web GIS constitutes the objective of the research presented in this paper. This paper introduces a modular and experimental web GIS framework applied to maritime navigation, and where mobile objects behave in a maritime environment. Different levels of services are developed, including a web-based wireless access and interface to a traffic monitoring application.
- Published
- 2007
58. A metadata-driven geographic data mediator
- Author
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Mehdi Essid, Yassine Lassoued, Omar Boucelma, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Information et des Systèmes (LSIS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Paristech ENSAM Aix-en-Provence-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Arts et Métiers Paristech ENSAM Aix-en-Provence-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Domingues Vinhas, William
- Subjects
Spatial data infrastructure ,Data element ,Computer science ,Meta Data Services ,[INFO] Computer Science [cs] ,Semantic interoperability ,computer.software_genre ,Metadata repository ,World Wide Web ,Metadata ,Geospatial metadata ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,computer ,Information Systems ,Data integration - Abstract
Metadata are crucial for the development of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). With the availability of geographic data sources over the Web, assessing the fitness for use concept may become a tricky task. In this paper, we describe a metadata-driven mediation approach and system that allow a community of users to share a set of autonomous, heterogeneous and distributed geographic data sources with different metadata (quality) information. Users share a common vision of the data, which is defined by means of a global schema and a metadata schema. The paper shows how metadata (I) may provide efficiency, (2) improve semantic interoperability and (3) ensure fitness for use.
- Published
- 2007
59. Une approche anthropocentrée interactive pour l'aide à la décision en marketing bancaire
- Author
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Olivier Couturier, Engelbert Mephu Nguifo, Centre de Recherche en Informatique de Lens (CRIL), Université d'Artois (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Chevallier, Francois
- Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AI] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI] ,Knowledge extraction ,Association rule learning ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Process (engineering) ,Heuristic ,Artificial intelligence ,Explicit knowledge ,business ,Data science ,Visualization ,[INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI] - Abstract
This paper is focused on real banking marketing problem. It is based on association rules mining which is one main problem in knowledge discovery in databases (KDD). However, current methods is limited to extract some particular information and to restore it. Several works were proposed to solve it thanks to user-driven process. In this kind of approach, the whole KDD process is tackled and not only the mining step. KDD design integrates the user at the heart of the process by playing a role of evolutionary heuristic. This paper focuses on the role of the expert and explains his help within the process. We highlight in our works the HCI preponderant significance. Indeed, it merges tacit and explicit knowledge and good results are produced in our application.
- Published
- 2006
60. Réécrire et apprendre à réécrire : le rôle d'une base de données textuelles
- Author
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Denis Legros, Jacques Crinon, Brigitte Marin, Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche, culture, éducation, formation, travail (CIRCEFT), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Cognitions Humaine et ARTificielle (CHART), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), and Crinon, Jacques
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Computer science ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,Reading and writing ,Database assistance ,Learning ,Didactics of rewriting ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Production de texte ,050105 experimental psychology ,Language and Linguistics ,Psycholinguistics ,[SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Didactique ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Resource (project management) ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,semantics of rewriting ,060201 languages & linguistics ,Ressources ,4. Education ,05 social sciences ,Traitement sémantique ,050301 education ,06 humanities and the arts ,Linguistics ,rewriting ,TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES ,Aides logicielles ,Interactions lecture écriture ,Reading and writing interaction ,0602 languages and literature ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,Production (computer science) ,Rewriting ,0503 education ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Révision - Abstract
Three studies evaluate rewritings by students from 8 to 12 years old who used a resource texts database. This paper stresses the importance of the semantic treatment in the processes of writing and rewriting, describes the rewriting assistance system, and introduces to some important results. The students who use the system rewrite more, add macrostructure propositions and produce original propositions rather than propositions borrowed from the resource texts; the system helps the unskilled writers; access to the resource texts by criteria is more helpful than free navigation; the students who learned how to rewrite with the computer system succeed in better using the paper resource texts and transfer their skills to other text genres., Les trois expériences rapportées dans cet article ont pour but d'évaluer les effets d'une base de données textuelles, le logiciel expérimental Scripertexte, sur la révision et la réécriture de récits chez des élèves de huit à douze ans. La première expérience mesure les effets de ce dispositif sur l'amélioration des textes. La deuxième compare les effets de deux modes de navigation dans le logiciel. La troisième cherche à évaluer les apprentissages après trois ans d'utilisation de l'outil.
- Published
- 2006
61. Apport de l'approche MDA pour une interopérabilité sémantique : Interopérabilité des systèmes d'information d'entreprise
- Author
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Hervé Panetto, Salah Baïna, Khalid Benali, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environment for cooperation (ECOO), INRIA Lorraine, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-Université Nancy 2-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-Université Nancy 2-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Synchronisation de modèles ,Computer science ,Interoperability ,Meta-modélisation ,Approche MDA ,Systems interoperability ,Software portability ,Interopérabilité ,0502 economics and business ,Information system ,Ontologies ,Modèle de référence ,0505 law ,Reusability ,Mapping de modèles ,System development ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,[INFO.INFO-IA]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Aided Engineering ,[INFO.INFO-IR]Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR] ,050501 criminology ,050211 marketing ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Software engineering ,Information Systems - Abstract
National audience; In the last few years, many works have been done in order to ensure interoperability between applications. Enterprise applications integration and the opening of information systems towards integrated access have been the main motivation for the interest around systems interoperability. In this Paper, an MDA based approach for interoperability is proposed. The MDA is an approach for systems development, which increases the power of models in that work. It provides a means for using models for better understanding, designing, constructing, deploying, operating, maintaining and modifying systems. The three primary goals of MDA are portability, interoperability and reusability. In this paper we apply the MDA as a formal base that supports our approach for interoperability between different information systems
- Published
- 2006
62. Relations, structures et objets : quelques variations
- Author
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Amedeo Napoli, Florence Le Ber, Knowledge representation, reasonning (ORPAILLEUR), INRIA Lorraine, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-Université Nancy 2-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-Université Nancy 2-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Ecologie Végétale et d'Hydrologie (CEVH), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, M. Huchard, S. Ducasse et O. Nierstrasz, and Le Ber, Florence
- Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AI] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI] ,spatial relations ,Information retrieval ,Knowledge representation and reasoning ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Representation (systemics) ,part-whole relations ,relation reification ,composite objects ,Rotation formalisms in three dimensions ,[INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI] ,Spatial relation ,relation-based reasoning ,Description logic ,Knowledge base ,Conceptual graph ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Semantic Web - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to sketch a survey on how relations and structures are taken into account in various knowledge representation formalisms and tools: description logics, object-based knowledge representation systems, conceptual graphs, semantic web languages. We focus on the representation of relation properties, on the representation of relation-based inference rules, on the representation and classification of structures and composite objects. The paper ends with a discussion on the advantages of the various systems and a proposition of research issues and possible solutions.
- Published
- 2005
63. Design of a crawler with bounded bandwidth
- Author
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Marco Maggini, Michelangelo Diligenti, Franco Scarselli, and Filippo Maria Pucci
- Subjects
Computer science ,Bounded function ,Transfer (computing) ,Distributed computing ,Real-time computing ,Bandwidth (computing) ,Web crawler - Abstract
This paper presents an algorithm to bound the bandwidth of a Web crawler. The crawler collects statistics on the transfer rate of each server to predict the expected bandwidth use for future downloads. The prediction allows us to activate the optimal number of fetcher threads in order to exploit the assigned bandwidth. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
- Published
- 2004
64. Émergence des systèmes phonologiques
- Author
-
René Carré
- Subjects
Consonant ,Linguistics and Language ,Speech production ,Computer science ,Vowel ,Place of articulation ,Phonation ,Contrast (music) ,Language and Linguistics ,Linguistics ,Vocal tract ,Origin of language - Abstract
In this paper, it is shown that the speech production system can be explained from deforming an acoustic tube with the objective of producing sounds with both ieconomy of effortî and maximum acoustic contrast between one another. This deductive approach automatically infers standard places of articulation for vowels and consonants, thereby identifying physical bases for phonological distinctions. A brief discussion of the implications of the findings concludes the paper., Carré René. Émergence des systèmes phonologiques.. In: Langages, 36ᵉ année, n°146, 2002. L'origine du langage, sous la direction de Bernard Laks et Bernard Victorri. pp. 70-79.
- Published
- 2002
65. Analyses Of Verbal Descriptions Of the Sound Quality Of A Flue Organ Pipe
- Author
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Daniel Västfjäll, Vincent Rioux, Equipe Autre (R&D), Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son (STMS), Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ircam, ircam
- Subjects
Computer science ,Process (engineering) ,Acoustics ,050109 social psychology ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,[INFO] Computer Science [cs] ,Lexicon ,computer.software_genre ,01 natural sciences ,Organ builder ,0103 physical sciences ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,Sound quality ,010301 acoustics ,Flue ,organ pipes ,sound quality ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Organ pipe ,textual descriptors ,Music theory ,Voice ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer ,Music ,Natural language processing - Abstract
cote interne IRCAM: Rioux01a; None / None; National audience; This paper presents two exploratory experiments aimed at establishing a lexicon suitable for the description of the sound quality of flue organ pipes. A lexicon of reference was established by an expert organ-builder commenting several voicing steps performed on a flue pipe. This lexicon was then extended, the purpose being primarily to enhance communication between and among organ builders, acousticians and musicians. In the first experiment a qualitative analysis was made of data collected from a listening test in which a number of specialists on organ performance, music theory, history and building took part. The 40 participants made ratings and gave comments to ten recordings of pipe sounds through the voicing process. By comparing an analysis of participants’ comments with a primary list of descriptors defined by an organ builder, an attempt is made to extend this primary list to a more standard lexicon. A temporary classification of these descriptors is proposed and is reviewed in a companion paper oriented towards a quantitative analysis of this type of data. In a second experiment, a dimensional analysis of data collected from a semantic differential test based upon the descriptors found in Experiment 1. From a quantitative analysis the initial "qualitative" categorisation is reviewed and enhanced. By inspecting the factor structure of the descriptors, groups of related descriptors were formed and suitable prototypes of each group were proposed. We then show how, from original data extracted from free comments, a detailed classification of descriptors can be made.
- Published
- 2001
66. System-on-Chip Methodologies & Design Languages
- Author
-
Peter J. Ashenden, Jean P. Mermet, Ralf Seepold, Airbus Operation S.A.S., Airbus [France], Techniques of Informatics and Microelectronics for integrated systems Architecture (TIMA), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Hochschule Konstanz (HTWG Konstanz), Techniques de l'Informatique et de la Microélectronique pour l'Architecture des systèmes intégrés (TIMA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and BEN TITO, Laurence
- Subjects
060201 languages & linguistics ,business.industry ,Modeling language ,Computer science ,Hardware description language ,[INFO.INFO-OH]Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH] ,06 humanities and the arts ,02 engineering and technology ,Integrated circuit design ,simulation ,[INFO.INFO-OH] Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH] ,Exhibition ,PACS 8542 ,0602 languages and literature ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,System on a chip ,Design methods ,Software engineering ,business ,Formal verification ,computer ,Range (computer programming) ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
International audience; System-on-Chip Methodologies & Design Languages brings together a selection of the best papers from three international electronic design language conferences in 2000. The conferences are the Hardware Description Language Conference and Exhibition (HDLCon), held in the Silicon Valley area of USA; the Forum on Design Languages (FDL), held in Europe; and the Asia Pacific Chip Design Language (APChDL) Conference. The papers cover a range of topics, including design methods, specification and modeling languages, tool issues, formal verification, simulation and synthesis. The results presented in these papers will help researchers and practicing engineers keep abreast of developments in this rapidly evolving field
- Published
- 2001
67. Didactique de l’informatique : une formation nécessaire
- Author
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DECLERCQ, Christophe
- Subjects
learning and technology ,Didactique de l'informatique ,EIAH ,formation des enseignants ,teacher training ,computer science ,TICE ,technologie de l'information pour l'éducation et la formation ,didactique de l’informatique ,Computer science ,STICEF - Abstract
This paper gives some references used in computer science teachers professional development in France. In conclusion, it made proposals for research and the continuing education of teachers., À partir de l’expérience de l’auteur en formation d’enseignants d’informatique, cette rubrique propose un parcours subjectif parmi les travaux pouvant être référencés et utilisés en didactique de l’informatique pour répondre aux questions professionnelles des enseignants d’informatique au lycée en France. En conclusion des pistes pour la recherche et la formation continue des enseignants sont esquissées., Declercq Christophe. Didactique de l’informatique : une formation nécessaire. In: Sciences et Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication pour l'Éducation et la Formation, volume 28 n°3, 2021. Numéro spécial. Technologies pour l'apprentissage de l'informatique de la maternelle à l'Université. pp. 233-249.
- Published
- 2021
68. The IRCAM Multimedia Library
- Author
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M. Fingerhut, Equipe Médiathèque / Bureau Etudes et méthodes, Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son (STMS), and Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[SHS.MUSIQ]Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing arts ,Multimedia ,Computer science ,Combined use ,computer.file_format ,Musical ,Intellectual property ,computer.software_genre ,Digital library ,Browser security ,Informatique musicale ,World Wide Web ,Public use ,VRML ,NA ,computer ,Digital audio - Abstract
cote interne IRCAM: Fingerhut99a; None / None; National audience; This paper describes the transition of the IRCAM Music Library from a traditional setup to one tightly integrating digital technologies: online collections of self-describing multimedia objects, networked access and delivery on LANs and WANs, search tools and interfaces. The goal of this one-year project had been to bring together heterogeneous collections of documents (books, scores, periodicals, commercial and unpublished music recordings, videos...) allowing for their combined use by library patrons on- and off-site, with due consideration for the intellectual property rights of each individual document. The successful integration of these collections has increased public use of the library and influenced scholar writing of musical analyses and the production of musical educational tools. While part of its collections are on paper and will remain so due to technical and legal considerations, other collections are available only in digitized form, with computer search tools and networked delivery.
- Published
- 1999
69. Embedded software in real-time signal processing systems: design technologies
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Clifford Liem, Werner Geurts, Augusli Kifli, J. Van Praet, Dirk Lanneer, Gert Goossens, Pierre Paulin, IMEC Interuniversity MicroElectronics Center (IMEC), IMEC, Target Compiler Technologies, Techniques of Informatics and Microelectronics for integrated systems Architecture (TIMA), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), SGS-Thomson Microelectronics (CENTRAL R&D), SGS-Thomson Microelectronics, Techniques de l'Informatique et de la Microélectronique pour l'Architecture des systèmes intégrés (TIMA), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Digital signal processor ,Multi-core processor ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Design tool ,Software development ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,020202 computer hardware & architecture ,Embedded software ,Software ,PACS 8542 ,Computer architecture ,Embedded system ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Systems design ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,design support ,[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics ,business ,Design technology - Abstract
International audience; The increasing use of embedded software, often implemented on a core processor in a single-chip system, is a clear trend in the telecommunications, multimedia, and consumer electronics industries. A companion paper in this issue presents a survey of application and architecture trends for embedded systems in these growth markets. However, the lack of suitable design technology remains a significant obstacle in the development of such systems. One of the key requirements is more efficient software compilation technology. Especially in the case of fixed-point digital signal processor (DSP) cores, it is often cited that commercially available compilers are unable to take full advantage of the architectural features of the processor. Moreover, due to the shorter lifetimes and the architectural specialization of many processor cores, processor designers are often compelled to neglect the issue of compiler support. This situation has resulted in an increased research activity in the area of design tool support for embedded processors. This paper discusses design technology issues for embedded systems using processor cores, with a focus on software compilation tools. Architectural characteristics of contemporary processor cores are reviewed and tool requirements are formulated. This is followed by a comprehensive survey of both existing and new software compilation techniques that are considered important in the context of embedded processors.
- Published
- 1997
70. Notes on Encoding Ethiopic for LATEX
- Author
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Berhanu Beyene, Manfred Kudlek, and Olaf Kummer
- Subjects
Ethiopic ,Amharic ,Ge'ez ,Incoding ,Computer Science ,Linguistics ,Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology ,GN301-674 ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Encoding Ethiopic for computer application is increasingly important for linguists, librarians, information and communication technologists. This paper focusses on encoding Ethiopic for the LATEX document preparation system, and on the methods and principles of the ethiop package which supports Ethiopie for LATEX. ethiop is a package developed by a research group at the University of Hamburg, that integrates Ethiopic to the TEX/LATEX system. We hope that this package opens up a new venue to scientific and mathematical document processing, using the rich and well developed TEX/LATEX system. Moreover, it could render a better data exchange mechanism by virtue of its platform independence and plain ASCII nature.
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- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
71. CARI'96 : actes du 3ème colloque africain sur la recherche en informatique = CARI'96 : proceedings of the 3rd African conference on research in computer science
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Georges Kouamou, Laurent Mbumbia, Chrispin Pettang, and Moukeli, P. (ed.)
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Flexibility (engineering) ,Decision support system ,Process management ,Data collection ,Operations research ,Computer science ,Library and Information Sciences ,Quarter (United States coin) ,Management Information Systems ,SYSTEME INFORMATIQUE ,Interactivity ,Work (electrical) ,Urban planning ,HABITAT SPONTANE ,AMENAGEMENT URBAIN ,Decision-making ,AIDE A LA DECISION - Abstract
The developping countries are facing many urban problems caracterized by the proliferation of spontaneous habitat in quarters. This paper describes an approach of intervention in urban sector in order to improve the knowledge and the management of characteristics parameters (site, land, building, road, network, equipement) of a quarter. According to the complexity of decision in town management and the diversity of datas to manage, we propose a computer—based solution. It frees the different actors of urban management from the fastidious work of data collection, data organization and manipulation before any decision making. In this paper, a first step is realised concerning the data storage and the judicious presentation of statistical datas to the decsion makers. The system to implement allows through its flexibility and its interactivity to help them in the decision making process. This approach is closed to a real DSS (decision support system): the datas are formated in a way that can improve ...
- Published
- 1996
72. An optimal instrumental variable approach for continuous-time multiple input-single output fractional model identification
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Abir Mayoufi, Stéphane Victor, Rachid Malti, Mohamed Aoun, Manel Chetoui, Modélisation, Analyse et Commande de Systèmes - MACS (Gabès, Tunisie), Université de Gabès, Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système (IMS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, and Victor, Stéphane
- Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology ,Computer science ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Instrumental variable ,Monte Carlo method ,System identification ,Fractional model ,Context (language use) ,02 engineering and technology ,Extension (predicate logic) ,Multiple input ,[SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic ,Identification (information) ,[SPI.AUTO] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Control and Systems Engineering ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Algorithm ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
This paper proposes an instrumental variable approach for continuous-time system identification using fractional models with multiple input single output context. This work is an extension of the simplified refined instrumental variable approach (srivcf ) developed for single input-single output fractional model identification (Malti et al. (2008a); Victor et al. (2013)) to the multiple input-single output case. Monte Carlo simulation analysis is used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach. A study is then provided to motivate differentiation order estimation, and more specifically, commensurate order estimation.
- Published
- 2020
73. INFORMATIQUE, NUMERIQUE ET SYSTEME D'INFORMATION : DEFINITIONS, PERIMETRES, ENJEUX ECONOMIQUES.
- Author
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LEGRENZI, Christophe
- Abstract
Copyright of Vie et Sciences de l'Entreprise is the property of ANDESE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
74. Utilisation de signaux Doppler tolérants en trajectographie active ; essais en mer
- Author
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M.E. Zakharia and F. Joly
- Subjects
Computer science ,Acoustics ,Ambient noise level ,General Physics and Astronomy ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,law.invention ,symbols.namesake ,Acceleration ,law ,[PHYS.HIST]Physics [physics]/Physics archives ,0103 physical sciences ,symbols ,Range (statistics) ,Radar ,010306 general physics ,Constant (mathematics) ,Doppler effect ,Digital filter ,Multipath propagation - Abstract
The precision and the range of currently used trajectography system is mainly noise-limited. Increasing system performance has to go through the use of matched filtering. As, aside ambient noise and multipath, the Doppler effect is the most important disturbance encountered in the case of trajectography, the signals used have thus to be Doppler tolerant ones and any processing scheme has to the into account this phenomena at every step. In this paper, we describe a new system using a special type of linear period modulated chirps well known for their performance in the case of constant speed. As there is no optimal solution, in the case of constant acceleration, the same signals, although sub-optimal, have been used and the performance loss remains acceptable. The paper describes sea experiment using this type of signals associated to real-time digital filters. The results obtained with the improved acoustical system are compared to the data issued from surface positioning systems (radar, optics, DGPS) associated to a short baseline and a ship positioning. The results of both trajectography are coherent within a range of few metres
- Published
- 1994
75. Les universaux de la grammaire
- Author
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Anna Wierzbicka
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Grammar ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Context (language use) ,Natural semantics ,Language and Linguistics ,Linguistics ,Set (abstract data type) ,TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES ,TheoryofComputation_LOGICSANDMEANINGSOFPROGRAMS ,Universal grammar ,Natural semantic metalanguage ,media_common - Abstract
6. A. Wierzbicka, « The universal of grammar » This paper explores the area of universal grammar, a concept which, in the context of natural semantics, is to be understood as the set of grammatical universels and other strategies allowed as part of the natural semantic metalanguage. It is very much a tentative paper with a large number of proposals and observations which await further exploration., Wierzbicka Anna. Les universaux de la grammaire. In: Langue française, n°98, 1993. Les primitifs sémantiques, sous la direction de Bert Peeters. pp. 107-120.
- Published
- 1993
76. Decoding patent examination services
- Author
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Lluis Gimeno-Fabra and Bruno van Pottelsberghe de la Potterie
- Subjects
Typology ,Public information ,Economie internationale ,Knowledge management ,business.industry ,Computer science ,InformationSystems_INFORMATIONSYSTEMSAPPLICATIONS ,05 social sciences ,Intellectual property ,Systèmes économiques comparés ,Economie industrielle ,Management of Technology and Innovation ,0502 economics and business ,Key (cryptography) ,050207 economics ,business ,General Economics, Econometrics and Finance ,050203 business & management ,Decoding methods - Abstract
This paper puts forward a new methodology to characterize and compare the examination practice of patent offices. The methodology codifies public information into a typology of chronological key ex...
- Published
- 2020
77. Mechanical dissimilarity of defects in welded joints via Grassmann manifold and machine learning
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David Ryckelynck, Thibault Goessel, Franck N'Guyen, Laboratoire de Mécanique des Systèmes et des Procédés (LMSP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ryckelynck, David, Centre des Matériaux (MAT), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)
- Subjects
Computer science ,Oblique projection ,[INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS] ,[INFO.INFO-DS] Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS] ,[MATH.MATH-AT] Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Topology [math.AT] ,02 engineering and technology ,Upper and lower bounds ,[SPI.MECA.MEMA] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph] ,Displacement (vector) ,[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] ,[INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV] ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Approximation error ,[SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph] ,General Materials Science ,Point (geometry) ,Projection (set theory) ,Reduced Order Model ,Data encoding ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Basis (linear algebra) ,ROM-net ,[INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV] ,[INFO.INFO-NA]Computer Science [cs]/Numerical Analysis [cs.NA] ,[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,Mechanics of Materials ,[INFO.INFO-NA] Computer Science [cs]/Numerical Analysis [cs.NA] ,Test set ,[MATH.MATH-AT]Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Topology [math.AT] ,[INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation ,Hyper-reduction ,Algorithm - Abstract
Assessing the harmfulness of defects based on images is becoming more and more common in industry. Today these defects can be insert in digital twins that aim to replicated in a mechanical model what is observed on a component. We propose a methodology for defect classification and defect labeling in view of fast prediction of their harmfulness by using hyper-reduced order models. Mechanical models studied here are non parametric. This problematic issue is circumvent by introducing a classification of defect. Then, a local hyper-reduced order model is defined in each class of defect. The proposed methodology for the classification, consists in seeing each defect by its mechanical effects more than by its morphology. Each defect is encoded as a point on a Grassmann manifold. This data encoding uses a projection-based hyper-reduction. We restrict our attention to a mechanical modeling of elastic stresses around defects. We show that the hyper-reduced equations are similar to an oblique projection of the finite element prediction. Hence we obtain an upper bound of the approximation error for displacement that depends on a Chordal distance between points on a Grassmann manifold. From the available data set of defects, we have observed that the Grassmann distance is magnifying the Chordal distance between defects. A k-medoids algorithm is used in order to create clusters of defects from a matrix of Grassmann distance between defects. A simulation-based labeling of defect is proposed. This labeling procedure relies on hyper-reduction and a related error indicator. This error indicator measures the discrepancy between the stresses predicted via hyper-reduction and equilibrated stresses. In spite of the large variety of defects in the data set, we show accurate predictions of stresses for most of defects in the test set, while training the clustering and the hyper-reduced order model on a different training set. These accurate results are obtained by combining two contributions for a reduced basis for displacements : macroscopic modes related to a defect-free mechanical problem and elastic fluctuation modes specific to each class of defect. In this paper, we pay particular attention to the compromise to be made between the accuracy of the numerical approximations and the memory space required to save the reduced bases., L’évaluation de la nocivité des défauts à partir d’images est de plus en plus courante dans l’industrie. Aujourd’hui, ces défauts peuvent être insérés dans des jumeaux numériques qui visent à reproduire dans un modèle mécanique ce qui est observé sur un objet. Nous proposons une méthodologie pour la classification et l’étiquetage des défauts en vue de prédire rapidement leur nocivité en utilisant des modèles d’ordre hyperréduits. Les modèles mécaniques étudiés sont non paramétriques. Cette difficulté est contournée par l’introduction d’une classification des défauts. Ensuite, un modèle d’ordre hyperréduit local est défini dans chaque classe de défaut. La méthodologie proposée pour la classification, consiste à voir chaque défaut par ses effets mécaniques plus que par sa morphologie. Chaque défaut est encodé comme un point dans une variété de Grassmann. Ce codage des données utilise un modèle d’ordre réduit par projection. Nous nous limitons notre attention à une modélisation mécanique des contraintes élastiques autour des défauts. Nous montrons qu’une limite supérieure de l’erreur d’approximation pour le déplacement, dépend de la distance Chordal entre les points d’une variété de Grassmann, si une projection de Galerkin est effectuée pour la réduction du modèle. A partir de l’ensemble des données disponibles sur les défauts, nous avons observé que la distance de Grassmann amplifie la distance Chordal entre les défauts. Un algorithme de k-médoïdes est utilisé pour créer des groupes de défauts à partir d’une matrice de la distance de Grassmann entre les défauts. Un étiquetage des défauts basé sur la simulation est proposé. Cette procédure d’étiquetage repose sur l’hyper-réduction et un indicateur d’erreur associé. Cet indicateur d’erreur mesure l’écart entre les contraintes prédites par hyper-réduction et des contraintes équilibrées. Malgré la grande variété de défauts dans l’ensemble de données, nous montrons des prédictions précises des contraintes pour la plupart des défauts dans l’ensemble de test, tout en entraînant la classification et l’hyper-réduction sur un ensemble d’entraînement différent. Ces résultats précis sont obtenus en combinant deux contributions dans une base réduite pour les déplacements : des modes macroscopiques liés à un problème mécanique sans défaut et des modes de fluctuation élastique spécifiques à chaque classe de défaut. Dans cet article, nous accordons une attention particulière au compromis à faire entre la précision des approximations numériques et l’espace mémoire nécessaire pour enregistrer les bases réduites.
- Published
- 2020
78. Xslit cameras for free navigation with depth image-based rendering
- Author
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Gauthier Lafruit and Sarah Fachada
- Subjects
Computer science ,business.industry ,Epipolar geometry ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Depth image-based rendering ,Image-based modeling and rendering ,Sciences de l'ingénieur ,View synthesis ,Rendering (computer graphics) ,law.invention ,XSlit camera ,law ,Pinhole camera ,Computer vision ,Pinhole (optics) ,Artificial intelligence ,Projection (set theory) ,business ,Stereo camera - Abstract
In free navigation applications, any viewpoint to a three-dimensional scene can be synthesized through Depth Image-Based Rendering (DIBR). In this paper we show that XSlit cameras achieve up to 3 dB PSNR gain over conventional pinhole camera arrays when synthesizing virtual views to the scene with DIBR for small camera displacements. XSlit cameras are a type of general linear cameras where the light rays pass through two non-intersecting slits instead of a single point (the optical center of conventional cameras), resulting in a different epipolar geometry and projection equations. Instead of synthesizing virtual views with DIBR from a set of conventional pinhole cameras, e.g. a stereo camera pair, a single XSlit camera exploits the distance between its slits and their relative rotation to obtain disparity, out of which DIBR virtual views can be synthesized. We first present a theoretical study to present the parameters of XSlit cameras, different from pinhole cameras, at the same time making sure that the XSlit camera is physically implementable. We then validate the study with DIBR achieved on synthetic content using perfect depth maps obtained from an in-house modified version of Blender's engine Cycles to simulate XSlit cameras. The virtual view synthesis uses an adapted version of the Reference View Synthesis software used in MPEG, the worldwide standardization committee for media compression. Our experiments show that for the same overall space covered by the studied camera architectures, XSlit cameras often obtain better DIBR view synthesis results, with up to 3 dB PSNR gain., SCOPUS: cp.p, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2020
79. Kirilov et Chatov en Amérique. Des Russes dans Le Jardin des Plantes
- Author
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Karen Haddad
- Subjects
intertextualité ,Dostoevsky ,Russie ,Computer science ,Geography, Planning and Development ,literature ,Development ,Le Jardin des Plantes ,politique ,intertextuality ,Claude Simon ,travel in Russia ,littérature ,politics ,Humanities ,Dostoïevski (Fiodor) - Abstract
À partir de la référence aux personnages des Démons de Dostoïevski mentionnés dans Le Jardin des Plantes, Kirilov et Chatov, l’article porte sur la place des Russes et de la Russie dans l’œuvre de Claude Simon. Si la critique politique de l’Union soviétique est aussi virulente dans Le Jardin des Plantes que dans L’Invitation et dans L’Acacia, la réflexion sur Dostoïevski montre l’importance persistante du romancier russe pour Simon. Based on references in Le Jardin des Plantes to Kirilov and Chatov, characters in The Possessed by Dostoievsky, this paper tackles the status of Russian people and Russia in Claude Simon’s work. Although the political criticism of the Soviet Union is as harsh in Le Jardin des Plantes as in L’Invitation and L’Acacia, Simon’s thought concerning Dostoievsky shows the on-going importance of the Russian novelist to him.
- Published
- 2020
80. Evolutionary Actor-Multi-Critic Model for VNF-FG Embedding
- Author
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Pham Tran Anh Quang, Yassine Hadjadj-Aoul, Abdelkader Outtagarts, Dependability Interoperability and perfOrmance aNalYsiS Of networkS (DIONYSOS), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-RÉSEAUX, TÉLÉCOMMUNICATION ET SERVICES (IRISA-D2), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Nokia Bell Labs [Nozay], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
- Subjects
Artificial neural network ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Heuristic ,Evolutionary algorithm ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,02 engineering and technology ,Maxima and minima ,[INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI] ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Reinforcement learning ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Artificial intelligence ,Heuristics ,business ,Virtual network ,Metaheuristic ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
The placement of Virtual Network Function - Forwarding Graphs (VNF-FGs) is one of the basic operations in the networks of the future. Being NP-hard, several heuristics and metaheuristics have been proposed. However, these approaches are inefficient due to the need to recalculate the solution at each service placement. In this paper, we adapt one of the most advanced approaches in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), in order to improve exploration by generalizing the neural network calculating action values. We also propose an evolutionary algorithm to evolve these neural networks in order to discover better ones, which also avoids getting stuck in local minima. In order to avoid going through the almost innumerable number of infeasible solutions, we propose a heuristic, which combined with our DRL, makes it possible to guarantee the feasibility of the solutions and therefore to make the placement much more efficient. The simulation results we obtained confirm the quality of the solutions obtained as well as the superiority of the proposed solution over the existing one.
- Published
- 2020
81. Séminaire de Probabilités XVI 1980/81
- Author
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J. Azema, M. Yor, J. Azema, and M. Yor
- Subjects
- Probabilities, Computer science
- Published
- 2006
82. Mapping slums and model population density using earth observation data and open source solutions
- Author
-
Taïs Grippa, Nicholus Mboga, Stefanos Georganos, Eléonore Wolff, Moritz Lennert, and Sabine Vanhuysse
- Subjects
Earth observation ,Systèmes d'information géographique ,Land cover ,Source code ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Computer science ,Techniques d'imagerie et traitement d'images ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Geoinformation ,02 engineering and technology ,computer.software_genre ,01 natural sciences ,Population density ,Software ,African cities ,Urban ,Géographie humaine ,education ,021101 geological & geomatics engineering ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,education.field_of_study ,Land use ,business.industry ,Remote sensing ,Slums ,Open source ,Data mining ,business ,computer ,Géographie urbaine - Abstract
This paper presents a collection of frameworks aiming at mapping land cover, land use and estimate population densities from very-high resolution images and relying on open-source software. Using height information and landscape metrics, slums location and extent can be accurately extracted from the rest of the city. Moreover, the processing chain developed can deal with large amount of data and produce useful pieces of geographical information citywide. All the results, methods and computer code are available in open-access for anyone and any purpose., info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2019
83. Les prépositions complexes en français : pour une méthode d’identification multicritère
- Author
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Benjamin Fagard, Dejan Stosic, Grammatica - Centre de recherches en linguistique française (GRAMMATICA), Université d'Artois (UA), Lattice - Langues, Textes, Traitements informatiques, Cognition - UMR 8094 (Lattice), Département Littératures et langage (LILA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, and Fagard, Benjamin
- Subjects
050101 languages & linguistics ,Linguistics and Language ,Literature and Literary Theory ,French ,Computer science ,Lexicalization ,Complex adpositions ,computer.software_genre ,Language and Linguistics ,030507 speech-language pathology & audiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,Corpus analysis ,Data exploration ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Word formation ,Grid ,[SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,Identification (information) ,Order (business) ,Prepositions ,Artificial intelligence ,0305 other medical science ,business ,computer ,Natural language processing - Abstract
In this paper, we develop a new method of identification of complex prepositions, in French. We include well-known semantic and morpho-syntactic tests, and introduce a few others – together, these tests make up a multi-variable grid which we believe can help identify complex prepositions. We run these tests on a list of 75 sequences, most of which are considered to be complex adpositions. We also include sequences which share the same patterns of word formation but do not have prepositional uses, in order to check the validity of our grid. Our results show that the semantic and morpho-syntactic clues used to identify complex adpositions, combined with corpus data exploration, are on the whole quite effective, but to varying degrees depending on the pattern of formation.
- Published
- 2019
84. Fuzzy Control Techniques Applied to Wind Turbine Systems and Hydroelectric Plants
- Author
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Mauro Venturini, Silvio Simani, and Stefano Alvisi
- Subjects
Computer science ,PE7_7 ,020209 energy ,Socio-culturale ,fuzzy control ,02 engineering and technology ,Fuzzy logic ,Turbine ,Economica ,Robustness (computer science) ,Hydroelectricity ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Process control ,Energy transformation ,PE7_3 ,PE7_4 ,data–driven approach ,PE7_1 ,hydroelectric plant simulator ,Wind power ,Wind turbine system ,business.industry ,robustness and reliability ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Ambientale ,Control engineering ,Fuzzy control system ,Renewable energy ,Nonlinear system ,Wind turbine system, hydroelectric plant simulator, data–driven approach, fuzzy control, robustness and reliability ,business - Abstract
The interest on the use of renewable energy resources is increasing, especially wind and hydro powers. To this aim, fuzzy control techniques represent viable strategies that can be employed for this purpose, thanks to the features of these nonlinear dynamic processes working over a wide range of operating conditions, driven by stochastic inputs, excitations and disturbances. Based on past investigations carried out by the authors about the control of wind turbines and hydroelectric power plants, this paper provides some guidelines on the design and application of the control strategies suitable to these energy conversion systems. The working conditions of these energy conversion systems are also taken into account to highlight the reliability and robustness characteristics of the developed control strategies.
- Published
- 2019
85. Balancing Exploitation of Renewable Resources by a Robot Swarm
- Author
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Marco Dorigo, Vito Trianni, and Roman Miletitch
- Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology ,Exploit ,Swarm robotics ,Computer science ,Distributed computing ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Resource exploitation ,Swarm behaviour ,02 engineering and technology ,Sciences de l'ingénieur ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Artificial Intelligence ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Robot ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Foraging ,Function (engineering) ,Computer communication networks ,Load balancing ,Renewable resource ,media_common ,Sciences exactes et naturelles - Abstract
Renewable resources like fish stock or forests should be exploited at a rate that supports regeneration and sustainability—a complex problem that requires adaptive approaches to maintain a sufficiently high exploitation while avoiding depletion. In the presence of oblivious agents that cannot keep track of all available resources—a frequent condition in swarm robotics—ensuring that the exploitation effort is correctly balanced is particularly challenging. Additionally, the possibility to exploit resources by multiple robots opens the way to focusing the effort either on a single or on multiple resources in parallel. This means that the swarm needs to collectively decide whether to remain cohesive or split among multiple resources, as a function of the ability of the available resources to replenish after exploitation. In this paper, we propose a decentralised strategy for a swarm of robots that adapts to the available resources and balances the effort among them, hence allowing to maximise the exploitation rate while avoiding to completely deplete the resources. A detailed analysis of the strategy parameters provides insights into the working principles and expected performance of the robot swarm., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2018
86. Caractériser la transition des menus vers les raccourcis claviers
- Author
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Catherine Achard, Gilles Bailly, Marion Morel, Emmanouil Giannisakis, Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique (ISIR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions Multi-échelles, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay, Télécom ParisTech, Assistance aux Gestes et Applications THErapeutiques (AGATHE), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Université (SU), and AFIHM
- Subjects
Empirical data ,Raccourcis clavier ,InformationSystems_INFORMATIONINTERFACESANDPRESENTATION(e.g.,HCI) ,Computer science ,Transition (fiction) ,05 social sciences ,Expertise ,GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS ,050105 experimental psychology ,Skill acquisition ,Dreyfus model of skill acquisition ,Menus ,Human–computer interaction ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,Duration (project management) ,050107 human factors ,Keyboard shortcuts - Abstract
International audience; This paper aims at better understanding the transition from menus to shortcuts. We first discuss the limitations and the opportunities of the theoretical and empirical characterizations of this transition. We then consider keyboard shortcuts as a case study and manually annotate empirical data to estimate several behavioral markers such as the initial switch, the transition duration or the performance dip. These markers serve to precisely characterize and compare three interaction techniques. Finally, we compare two methods to automatically characterize the transition from menus to shortcuts.; Ce papier vise à mieux comprendre la transition des menus vers les raccourcis. Nous discutons d’abord les limitations et les opportuni- tés des caractérisations, théoriques et empiriques, de cette transition. Nous considérons ensuite les raccourcis claviers comme cas d’étude où nous annotons manuellement une collection de données pour estimer des marqueurs comportementaux comme le début de la transition, sa durée ou la chute de performance. Ceci permet de caractériser finement la transition de trois techniques d’interac- tion. Finalement, nous comparons deux méthodes pour caractériser automatiquement la transition des menus vers les raccourcis.
- Published
- 2018
87. Command Memorization: Spatial Positions versus Directional Gestures
- Author
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Olivier Chapuis, Bruno Fruchard, Eric Lecolinet, Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information (LTCI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Paris, Interacting with Large Data (ILDA), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay, ANR-11-LABX-0045,DIGICOSME,Mondes numériques: Données, programmes et architectures distribués(2011), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
pointage ,Computer science ,02 engineering and technology ,Mnemonic ,Memorization ,command selec-tion ,Human–computer interaction ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Selection (linguistics) ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,050107 human factors ,pointing ,Point (typography) ,Recall ,sélection de commandes ,gestures ,05 social sciences ,memorization ,020207 software engineering ,gestes ,spatial memory ,étude utilisateur ,mémorisation ,user study ,mémoire spatiale ,Gesture - Abstract
International audience; To execute a command, a user can make a selection in a menu using pointing actions, or, for example, use shortcuts such as gestures. To go faster, she can learn the positions to point or gestures to perform. In this paper, we present a study comparing learning of positions or directions to select commands. The results obtained reveal similar recall rates, with a slight advantage for positions. The qualitative results suggest an advantage of positions over directions for physical and mental demands. Finally, the study of memorization strategies developed by the subjects provides mnemonic methods that can be useful for designers and users.; Pour exécuter une commande, l’utilisateur peut effectuer une sélection dans un menu à l’aide d’actions de pointage, ou bien, par exemple, utiliser des raccourcis tels que des gestes. Pour aller plus vite, il peut apprendre les positions à pointer ou les gestes à exécuter. Nous présentons dans cet article une étude comparant l’apprentissage de positions et de directions pour sélectionner des commandes. Les résultats obtenus révèlent des taux de rappel sim- ilaires, avec un léger avantage pour les positions. Les résultats qualitatifs suggèrent un avantage des positions sur les gestes en ce qui concerne l’effort physique et cognitif. Finalement, l’étude des stratégies de mémorisation élaborées par les sujets fournit des méthodes mnémoniques pouvant être utiles aux designers et aux utilisateurs.
- Published
- 2018
88. Applying the Entity-Component-System Model to Interaction Programming
- Author
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Thibault Raffaillac, Stéphane Huot, Technology and knowledge for interaction (LOKI), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and AFIHM
- Subjects
Interpretation (logic) ,Computer science ,05 social sciences ,020207 software engineering ,Context (language use) ,Sample (statistics) ,02 engineering and technology ,Reuse ,Entity-Component-System ,Entité-Composant-Système ,System model ,Set (abstract data type) ,Human–computer interaction ,Component (UML) ,User Interface Toolkit ,Interaction Programming ,Programmation d'interactions ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,User Interface toolkit ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,Boite à outil IHM ,050107 human factors - Abstract
National audience; This paper introduces a new GUI framework based on the Entity- Component-System model (ECS), where interactive elements (Entities) can acquire any data (Components). Behaviors are managed by continuously running processes (Systems) which select entities by the components they possess. This model facilitates the handling and reuse of behaviors. It allows to define the interaction modalities of an application globally, by formulating them as a set of Systems. We present Polyphony, an experimental toolkit implementing this approach, detail our interpretation of the ECS model in the context of GUIs, and demonstrate its use with a sample application.; Cet article présente un nouveau cadre de conception d’IHM basé sur le modèle Entité-Composant-Système (ECS). Dans ce modèle, les éléments interactifs (Entités) acquièrent librement des données (Composants). Les comportements sont régis par des processus communs s’exécutant continuellement (Systèmes), qui sélection- nent les entités par les composants qu’elles possèdent. Ce modèle favorise la manipulation et la réutilisation des comportements. Il permet de définir globalement les modalités d’interaction d’une application, en les formulant par un ensemble de systèmes. Nous présentons Polyphony, une boîte à outils expérimentale implémen- tant cette approche, détaillons notre interprétation du modèle ECS en contexte IHM, et l’illustrons avec un exemple d’application.
- Published
- 2018
89. Evaluation in-situ d'une approche 'What if' pour l'eco-feedback
- Author
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Romain Vergne, Jérémy Wambecke, Georges-Pierre Bonneau, Renaud Blanch, Models and Algorithms for Visualization and Rendering (MAVERICK ), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Ingénierie de l’Interaction Homme-Machine (IIHM ), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and AFIHM
- Subjects
Consumption (economics) ,Computer science ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,020207 software engineering ,Context (language use) ,02 engineering and technology ,études empiriques en visualisation ,7. Clean energy ,Systèmes et outils de visualisation ,Interaction method ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Electricity ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,conception de visualisation et méthodes d’évaluation ,business ,050107 human factors - Abstract
International audience; Decreasing electricity consumption is a major challenge of our society. Eco-feedback methods allow users to get information about their electricity consumption to reduce it. However it is still difficult to determine what are the actions that impact the consumption in practice. In this paper we suggest to apply a What if approach to eco-feedback in a household context. We deploy the Activelec system in personal housings, which allows to apply virtual modifications in appliances usage and to evaluate the savings realized. The results of our experimentation show that participants appreciated the interaction method based on the What if. It allowed them to find and to evaluate efficient modifications in their appliances usage, and several have been applied in practice by the participants. This experimentation shows that the What if paradigm is a potential way for eco-feedback technologies.; Réduire la consommation d’électricité est un enjeu majeur de notre société. Les méthodes eco-feedback permettent aux utilisateurs d’obtenir un retour sur leur consommation d’électricité afin de la diminuer. Toutefois, il est toujours difficile de déterminer concrètement quelles actions impactent la consommation. Dans cet article, nous proposons d’appliquer une méthode What if à l’eco-feedback en contexte domestique. Nous déployons le système Activelec dans des logements personnels, qui permet d’appliquer des changements virtuels dans l’utilisation des appareils et d’évaluer les économies réalisées. Les résultats de notre expérimentation montrent que les participants ont apprécié la méthode d’interaction basée sur le What if. Celle-ci leur a permis de trouver et d’évaluer des modifications efficaces dans l’utilisation de leurs appareils, et certaines ont été appliquées en pratique par les participants. Cette expérimentation montre que le paradigme What if est une piste potentielle pour les technologies eco-feedback.
- Published
- 2018
90. Fidelity of the remote partner's avatar in an immersive virtual environment: effects on spatial interactions
- Author
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Cédric Dumas, Samir Otmane, Guillaume Gamelin, Amine Chellali, Informatique, Biologie Intégrative et Systèmes Complexes (IBISC), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Perception, Action, Cognition pour la Conception et l’Ergonomie (LS2N - équipe PACCE), Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes (LS2N), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Département Automatique, Productique et Informatique (IMT Atlantique - DAPI), IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), AFIHM, Perception, Action, Cognition pour la Conception et l’Ergonomie (PACCE), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Collaborative virtual environments ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Fidelity ,Virtual space ,020207 software engineering ,Environnement virtuel collaboratif ,02 engineering and technology ,spatial interaction ,avatar fidelity ,interaction spatiale ,Order (business) ,Human–computer interaction ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,fidélité des avatars ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,Immersive virtual environment ,050107 human factors ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS ,Avatar ,media_common - Abstract
National audience; Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs) are systems that allow multiple participants located remotely to collaborate in a shared virtual space. In order to take advantage of the possibilities offered by such systems, their design must allow users to interact and communicate effectively. One of the open questions in this area concerns the fidelity of the remote partner’s avatar. This can indeed have a direct effect on communication between remote users, more particularly regarding spatial interactions. In this paper, we present a theoretical framework to analyze the fidelity of the remote partner’s avatar in CVE. We also present an ongoing study to compare the effects of two partner’s avatar types on spatial communication. This will permit extracting guidelines for designing CVEs including pointing and spatial guidance tasks.; Les environnements virtuels collaboratifs (EVC) permettent à plusieurs utilisateurs distants de collaborer dans un espace virtuel partagé. Pour tirer parti des possibilités offertes par les EVC, leur conception doit permettre aux utilisateurs d’interagir et de communiquer efficacement. Une des questions ouvertes dans ce domaine concerne la fidélité de l’avatar du partenaire distant. En effet, celle-ci peut avoir une influence directe sur la communication entres utilisateurs distants et plus particulièrement sur leurs interactions spatiales. Dans ce papier, nous présentons un cadre théorique pour analyser la fidélité de l’avatar du partenaire dans un EVC. Nous présentons également une étude expérimentale en cours pour étudier les effets de deux types d’avatars du partenaire sur la communication spatiale dans un EVC. Cette recherche permettra d’extraire des lignes directrices pour la conception des EVC supportant des tâches de pointage et de guidage spatial.
- Published
- 2018
91. Acceleration of low density parity check code (LDPC) decoding by successive overrelaxations
- Author
-
Yannick Saouter, Lab-STICC_IMTA_CACS_IAS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Département Electronique (IMT Atlantique - ELEC), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)
- Subjects
Decoding algorithm ,LDPC codes ,Computer science ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Process (computing) ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,02 engineering and technology ,Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY ,Belief propagation ,[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics ,Acceleration ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Code (cryptography) ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Low-density parity-check code ,Algorithm ,[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing ,Decoding methods ,Parity bit ,Computer Science::Information Theory - Abstract
International audience; Belief propagation and variants are the usual decoding algorithms for low density parity check codes. In this paper, successive overrelaxations are applied to increase convergence speed of the decoding process. Performances are reported and improvements over reference algorithms are observed. This technique is also compatible with high speed parallel group decoding involved in modern standards like DVB-S2.
- Published
- 2018
92. Monitoring tool usage in surgery videos using boosted convolutional and recurrent neural networks
- Author
-
Pierre-Henri Conze, Gwenole Quellec, Mathieu Lamard, Béatrice Cochener, Hassan Al Hajj, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Medicale (LaTIM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), Département lmage et Traitement Information (IMT Atlantique - ITI), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Service d'ophtalmologie [Brest], Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Télécom Bretagne (devenu IMT Atlantique), Ex-Bibliothèque, Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), and IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique)
- Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Decision support system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Boosting (machine learning) ,Computational complexity theory ,Computer science ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV) ,Video Recording ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Health Informatics ,02 engineering and technology ,Cataract Extraction ,Convolutional neural network ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,medicine ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Cholecystectomy ,[SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Frame (networking) ,Novelty ,Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design ,Surgery ,Recurrent neural network ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Neural Networks, Computer ,Monitoring tool ,[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing ,Algorithms - Abstract
This paper investigates the automatic monitoring of tool usage during a surgery, with potential applications in report generation, surgical training and real-time decision support. Two surgeries are considered: cataract surgery, the most common surgical procedure, and cholecystectomy, one of the most common digestive surgeries. Tool usage is monitored in videos recorded either through a microscope (cataract surgery) or an endoscope (cholecystectomy). Following state-of-the-art video analysis solutions, each frame of the video is analyzed by convolutional neural networks (CNNs) whose outputs are fed to recurrent neural networks (RNNs) in order to take temporal relationships between events into account. Novelty lies in the way those CNNs and RNNs are trained. Computational complexity prevents the end-to-end training of "CNN+RNN" systems. Therefore, CNNs are usually trained first, independently from the RNNs. This approach is clearly suboptimal for surgical tool analysis: many tools are very similar to one another, but they can generally be differentiated based on past events. CNNs should be trained to extract the most useful visual features in combination with the temporal context. A novel boosting strategy is proposed to achieve this goal: the CNN and RNN parts of the system are simultaneously enriched by progressively adding weak classifiers (either CNNs or RNNs) trained to improve the overall classification accuracy. Experiments were performed in a dataset of 50 cataract surgery videos and a dataset of 80 cholecystectomy videos. Very good classification performance are achieved in both datasets: tool usage could be labeled with an average area under the ROC curve of $A_z = 0.9961$ and $A_z = 0.9939$, respectively, in offline mode (using past, present and future information), and $A_z = 0.9957$ and $A_z = 0.9936$, respectively, in online mode (using past and present information only)., Accepted for publication in Medical Image Analysis
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- 2018
93. Optimized Short-Length Rate-Adaptive LDPC Codes for Slepian-Wolf Source Coding
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Fangping Ye, Karine Amis, Elsa Dupraz, Zeina Mheich, Département Signal et Communications (IMT Atlantique - SC), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Lab-STICC_IMTA_CACS_COM, Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique)
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Channel code ,Source code ,LDPC codes ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,050209 industrial relations ,Short length ,Source coding ,0502 economics and business ,Low-density parity-check code ,Algorithm ,[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing ,050203 business & management ,Decoding methods ,media_common - Abstract
International audience; This paper proposes a new construction of rate-adaptive coding schemes based on Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes for Slepian Wolf source coding. Unlike standard rate-adaptive source coding schemes, the code construction we propose is based on finite-length code design tools that permit to greatly improve the decoding performance at short to moderate length. In particular, our method permits to limit the number of short cycles in the codes at all rates of interest, and to avoid eliminating some source bits from the code constraints. The proposed method shows a performance improvement of up to an order of magnitude at almost all the considered rates compared to the standard LDPCA construction.
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- 2018
94. Segmentation et Regroupement en Locuteurs: comment évaluer les corrections humaines
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David Doukhan, Simon Petitrenaud, Pierre-Alexandre Broux, Jean Carrive, Sylvain Meignier, Institut National de l'Audiovisuel (INA), Laboratoire d'Informatique de l'Université du Mans (LIUM), Le Mans Université (UM), and Broux, Pierre-Alexandre
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[INFO.INFO-AI] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI] ,Sequence ,Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) ,evaluation ,business.industry ,Computer science ,[INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing ,Segmentation et Regroupement en Locuteurs ,Interactions Homme-Machine (IHM) ,computer.software_genre ,[INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI] ,Speaker diarisation ,annotation ,[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing ,Speaker diarization ,Metric (mathematics) ,Artificial intelligence ,[INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,[INFO.INFO-HC] Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC] ,business ,computer ,Natural language processing - Abstract
In this paper, we present a framework to evaluate the human correction of a speaker diarization. We propose four elementary actions to correct the diarization and an automaton to simulate the correction sequence. A metric is described to evaluate the correction cost. The framework is evaluated using French broadcast news drawn from the REPERE corpus., Dans cet article, nous présentons un simulateur dédié à l'évaluation des corrections humaines sur la tâche de Segmentation et Regroupement en Locuteurs (SRL). Nous proposons quatre actions élémentaires afin de corriger une SRL et un automate pour simuler la séquence de corrections. Une mesure est proposée pour évaluer le coût de correction. Le simulateur est évalué en utilisant des émissions françaises d'information tirées du corpus REPERE.
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- 2018
95. An Introduction to Infinite Hat Problems.
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Hardin, Christopher S. and Taylor, Alan D.
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MATHEMATICS ,COMPUTER science ,SET theory ,MATHEMATICAL logic ,MODULAR arithmetic - Abstract
The article provides an introduction to infinite hat problems. It sets up a general framework for hat problems of the Gabay-O'Connor type and presents a few results in the finite case. It also presents the Gabay-O'Connor Theorem and a theorem of Lenstran involving strategies that either make every player correct or every player incorrect.
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- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
96. ALLOCATION DYNAMIQUE D’UN PORTEFEUILLE ACTION : DEUX ESSAIS D’IMPLEMENTATION DU MODELE BLACK-LITTERMAN ET L’OPTIMISATION PAR ESSAIM PSO
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al Mahdi Koraich, mohamed Belahsen, and Fouad Amara
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Mathematical optimization ,Empirical research ,Computer science ,Stock exchange ,Bayesian probability ,Constrained optimization ,Strategic Allocation, Tactical Allocation, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Black-Litterman, Markowitz, Multi-objective (MOPSO). JEL classification: C11, C13,C22, C41, C51, C61, G11 ,Particle swarm optimization ,Capital asset pricing model ,Black–Litterman model ,MATLAB ,computer ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
In this paper, we improve new tools for financial decision-making based on the analysis of the performance of the portfolios using the optimization models (Particle Swarm Optimization) and Bayesian analysis (Black -Litterman) considered an extension of the CAPM. In order to demonstrate the efficiency of these new constraint optimization models in finance, our article is focused in the first part, on a theoretical analysis of the models used in the management process. The second part will be dedicated to an empirical study conducted on all securities of the Casablanca Stock Exchange, demonstrating the advantages and disadvantages of each adopted approach implemented under MATLAB., Finance & Finance Internationale, No 10 (2018)
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
97. Is the predicate subversive?
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Sylvie Plane, Modèles, Dynamiques, Corpus (MoDyCo), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sens, Texte, Informatique, Histoire (STIH), and Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4)
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060201 languages & linguistics ,Computer science ,4. Education ,05 social sciences ,fonctions grammaticales ,enseignement ,050801 communication & media studies ,06 humanities and the arts ,Predicate (mathematical logic) ,[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics ,16. Peace & justice ,programmes ,Linguistics ,teaching ,grammatical functions ,0508 media and communications ,predicate ,prédicat ,0602 languages and literature ,terminology ,terminologie ,syllabus ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
Les programmes d’enseignement ont fait l’objet d’une réécriture qui a été confiée au Conseil supérieur des programmes. À la suite des consultations effectuées et de l’avis de nombreux linguistes, les programmes publiés en 2015 simplifient la terminologie grammaticale, tout en conservant les distinctions opératoires pour l’orthographe, et introduisent la notion de prédicat. Cet article présente les raisons qui ont présidé aux choix opérés en matière de grammaire et expose les réactions démesurées et déraisonnables qu’a suscitées l’introduction du prédicat dans les programmes scolaires. En effet, à partir de janvier 2017, la presse écrite et audiovisuelle et les réseaux sociaux ont abondamment traité du prédicat. Les critiques ne se fondent ni sur la lecture des programmes, ni sur l’analyse des notions, mais elles s’en prennent au prédicat, accusé d’être responsable d’une détérioration à venir des apprentissages orthographiques et grammaticaux, voire d’être l’instrument de tentatives de dégradation de l’enseignement. The French syllabus for primary and first grade of secondary school has been redefined recently by the Conseil supérieur des programmes. Since this council consulted with many specialists in linguistics, they decided to simplify the grammatical terminology, while maintaining the categories useful as far as spelling is concerned, and introduced the notion of predicate. This paper explains the reasons leading to such decisions and highlights the unreasonable overreactions raised by the introduction of the predicate. Thus, since January 2017, written and audiovisual media and social networking frequently dealt with the predicate. Hardly anybody read the syllabus itself, nor did they analyze the notion of predicate, but critics accused the predicate of being responsible of grammar and spelling’s future decline and even deteriorating education.
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- 2017
98. Hanter la machine : reconquêtes de la conscience humaine dans le cyberpunk à la française
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Simon Bréan, Centre d’étude de la langue et des littératures françaises (CELLF), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe 19-21 (CELLF-19-21), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Ligny (Jean-Marc) ,lcsh:Language and Literature ,Philippe Curval ,[SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature ,Philosophy ,General Engineering ,computer science ,Jean-Marc Ligny ,Maurice Dantec ,Cyberpunk ,Gérard Klein ,Ecken (Claude) ,Wagner (Roland C.) ,Dantec (Maurice Georges) ,Klein (Gérard) ,informatique ,lcsh:P ,Curval (Philippe) ,Claude Ecken ,cyberpunk ,Humanities - Abstract
International audience; The Cyberpunk movement provided us with many ways to question how the individual may cope with information technologies and cybernetics, which radically affect bodies and social interactions. Although no French cyberpunk movement really existed, many notable French works used and retooled its imagery and concepts. This paper aims at identifying an enduring peculiarity regarding the way “French Cyberpunk” deals with human-computer interactions : the importance of human consciousness for creating artificial intelligence.; Le mouvement cyberpunk a fourni de multiples angles d’approche pour envisager les rapports entre l’individu et des technologies informatiques modifiant en profondeur son corps et ses modes d’être en société. Il n’a pas existé de courant cyberpunk français à proprement parler, même si plusieurs œuvres françaises notables en ont repris l’imagerie et les concepts dans un mouvement d’hommage ou d’appropriation. L’article vise à identifier une singularité persistante dans le traitement du rapport humain-machine informatique au sein du cyberpunk « à la française » : l’importance de la conscience humaine pour la conception de l’intelligence artificielle.
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- 2017
99. Open-source flexible packet parser for high data rate agile network probe
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Christian Person, Pierre-Henri Horrein, Franck Cornevaux-Juignet, Tristan Groleat, Matthieu Arzel, Lab-STICC_IMTA_CACS_IAS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Département Electronique (IMT Atlantique - ELEC), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), OVH (Entreprise) (OVH), Lab-STICC_IMTA_MOM_DIM, Direction de le Recherche et de l'Innovation (DRI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)
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NetFPGA ,Application programming interface ,business.industry ,Network packet ,Computer science ,Firmware ,Packet processing ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,02 engineering and technology ,computer.software_genre ,020202 computer hardware & architecture ,[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics ,[INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR] ,[INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI] ,Software ,Packet loss ,Embedded system ,Scalability ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,business ,computer ,[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing - Abstract
International audience; The development of a network centered life has increased overall data rates in core networks. Thus, data centers face the challenge to provide always more services at higher data rates while reacting quickly to complex failures and more powerful attacks thanks to efficient network forensics. Moreover, Software-Defined Networking (SDN) becomes a standard which offers agility but also requires forensic devices able to handle multiple configurations. Although conventional software probes are programmable and thus agile, they cannot support high data rate packet processing any more. Probes could benefit from Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) to cope with high data rates, but ASICs development time of many months makes them unable to satisfy agility requirements. With reconfiguration ability and high throughput processing without packet loss, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) are the key technology chosen by some companies, such as Microsoft, Amazon and OVH, to be integrated into smart Network Interface Cards (NIC). Nevertheless, while high performance criteria is fulfilled, current FPGA probes benefit from an agility still limited to their conventional firmware upgrades which require proprietary tools and hardware-design time and knowledge. This paper proposes the first solution to offer FPGA probes with runtime agility thanks to a flexible packet parser which can be parameterized continuously by a software, endorsing complex tasks and SDN control. This allows a live adaptation of protocol processings from computer host alongside handling packets at line rate without data loss. The proposed parser is open-source and easily usable by network engineers through a Python software API. Benchmark results illustrate the performance of the agile high-level probe implemented on a NetFPGA SUME board, with XC7VX690T FPGA. 60 millions of 64-byte packets are counted based on features provided at runtime. These are selected by the software part, allowing the detection of different volumetric attacks within a few tens of microseconds. This represents a 40 Gb/s traffic of smallest Ethernet packets with no packet loss. With adequate boards, the generic design of the probe offers 160 Gb/s data rates and beyond on modern hardware, assuring probe scalability.
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- 2017
100. Development of a switchless sorption compressor for the cryogenic refrigeration within the METIS instrument: Part I. Theoretical design
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B. Benthem, Yingzhe Wu, H.J.M. ter Brake, H.J. Holland, C.H. Vermeer, and Energy, Materials and Systems
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010302 applied physics ,Heat switch ,Sorption compressor ,Cryogenics ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Refrigerator car ,Refrigeration ,Sorption ,Building and Construction ,E-ELT ,01 natural sciences ,22/4 OA procedure ,Cryogenic refrigerator ,0103 physical sciences ,METIS ,Mechanical design ,Metis ,010306 general physics ,Process engineering ,business ,Spectrograph ,Gas compressor - Abstract
Vibration-free cryogenic sorption refrigerator was proposed for the Mid-infrared E-ELT Imager and Spectrograph (METIS) instrument in the European Extremely Large Telescope. Sorption compressor is the most important part in the refrigerator due to its dominate size, cost and complexity. Generally, gas-gap heat switches are applied for efficiency consideration which is particularly essential for space applications. In METIS refrigerator as a terrestrial application, low input powers, however, should not be the major concern, whereas complexity and costs become more important as high refrigeration powers and thus large numbers of sorption cells are required. To reduce these, we developed an alternative switchless sorption-compressor design. This paper presents the theoretical design of the switchless METIS sorption compressors, including the comparison between the designs with and without heat switches. Based on the switchless design, critical parameters for the METIS sorption compressors are determined to enable further development such as mechanical design, fabrication and experimental demonstration.
- Published
- 2017
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