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Xylanase finds extensive applications in diverse biotechnological fields such as biofuel production, pulp and paper industry, baking and brewing industry, food and feed industry, and deinking of waste paper. Here, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-phosphate aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) was applied for the purification of an alkaline active and thermotolerant xylanase from a marine source, Cladophora hutchinsiae (C. hutchinsiae). In the purification process, the effects of some experimental factors such as PEG concentration and PEG molar mass, potassium phosphate(K2HP04) concentration, and pH on xylanase distribution were systematically investigated. Relative enzymatic activity and purification factor obtained were 93.21% and 7.18, respectively. A single protein band of 28 kDa was observed on SDS-PAGE. The optimum temperature and pH of xylanase with beechwood xylan were 30 °C and 9.0, respectively. The Lineweaver-Burk graph was utilized to determine the Km (4.5 ± 0.8 mg/mL), Vmax (0.04 ± 0.01 U) and kcat (0.001 s−1) values of the enzyme. It was observed that the purified xylanase maintained 70% of its activity at 4 °C and was found stable at pH 4.0 by retaining almost all of its activity. Enzymatic activity was slightly enhanced with Na+, K+, Ca2+ and acetone. The highest increase in the reducing sugar amount was 53.6 ± 3.8, for orange juice at 50 U/mL enzyme concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To make better use of brine, it is necessary to detect the element content before mining and processing. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a fast, simple, and flexible analytical method. However, the absorption of laser energy by liquid greatly reduces the plasma life and emission intensity. Although an improvement in the excitation source improves the characterization of the liquid, it makes the device more complicated and increases the cost. This article introduces a method for detecting Na and Mg in brine using LIBS with filter paper adsorption (FPA-LIBS). The limits of detection were 7.98 and 10.57 mg L−1 for sodium (Na) and magnesium (Mg), respectively. The results of six brine samples obtained using this method and inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectrometry were compared. The discrepancy and recovery values were 1.34–8.94% and 91.64–107.35%, respectively. In addition, the results of the analysis after storage for five days were consistent with those measured initially. These results indicate that FPA-LIBS accurately determined Na and Mg in brine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scott Worman and Hannah V. Mattson, University of New Mexico Arroyos and Agriculture: Geoarchaeological Investigations at Pueblo Pintado, published in Kiva 75(4)2008Anton Daughter, University of Arizona A Seventeenth-Century Instance of Hopi Clowning? This issue marks the 25th year that the Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society and the Arizona Archaeological Council have sponsored the annual Julian D. Hayden Paper Competition, named in honor of long-time southwestern scholar Julian Dodge Hayden. The competition is open to any bona fide undergraduate and graduate students at any recognized college or university and the winning entry receives a cash prize of $1,000 and publication of the paper in I Kiva i . [Extracted from the article]

The demand for particleboard has been increasing over the years. Currently, most particleboards are produced from wood which may not be sustainable in the long term. Therefore, there is need of exploring alternative materials such as making particleboards from waste materials. This study investigated the mechanical properties of particleboard consisting of waste leather shavings and waste papers blended together by unsaturated polyester. A single-layered particleboards were manufactured using compression method. Different resin contents (60%, 70%, 80%, and 90%) and leather/paper ratios (100:0, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25) were used to determine the effects on the mechanical properties (internal bond, bending strength, compression, and impact strength) of fabricated boards. From the results of this study, it was found that leather shavings and waste papers can be used as alternative raw materials for particleboard production and that mechanical properties were depended on the resin content and the blend ratio. Also, mechanical properties were reduced with resin content increment, except for impact strength, and improved by high paper blend ratio. It could be concluded that the produced particle panels could be used for indoor application or interior equipping. Additionally, it is recommended that further studies can be done on morphological analysis to establish the bonding between the particles and matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current analytical techniques for characterizing printing and graphic arts substrates, particularly those used to date and authenticate provenance, are destructive. This limits the amount of data that can be captured from an individual sample. For samples being evaluated in forensic and archeological investigations, any loss or degradation of the materials is undesirable. Furthermore, it is difficult to produce statistically relevant data for such analytes. We have shown elsewhere that a contactless microwave resonant cavity dielectric spectroscopy technique can discriminate between paper samples made from different plant fiber species based on their lignin content. In this publication, we demonstrate the utility of the contactless resonant cavity dielectric spectroscopy (RCDS) technique in the characterization of naturally and artificially aged paper samples. Based on our experimental results, we suggest that the technique could be used in forensic and archeological investigations of unique paper products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food contact materials (FCMs) can contain hazardous chemicals that may have the potential to migrate into food and pose a health hazard for humans. Previous studies have mainly focused on plastic materials, while data on packaging materials made from paper and cardboard are limited. We used a panel of cell-based bioassays to investigate the presence and impact of bioactive chemicals on human relevant endpoints like oxidative stress, genotoxicity, inflammation, xenobiotic metabolism and endocrine system effects in extracts made from paper and cardboard. In total, 23 methanol extracts of commonly used paper and cardboard available on the Swedish market were extracted as a whole product using methanol to retrieve polar substances, and tested at concentrations 0.3–10 mg/mL and 0.2–6 mg/mL. At the highest concentration bioactivities were observed in a high proportion of the samples: oxidative stress (52%), genotoxicity (100%), xenobiotic metabolism (74%), antiandrogenic- (52%) and antioestrogenic receptor (39%). Packages of potential concern included cake/pastry boxes/mats, boxes for infant formula/skimmed milk, pizza boxes, pizza slice trays and bag of cookies. It should be noted that the extraction for packages like cake/pastry boxes can be considered exaggerated, as the exposure usually is shorter. It can be hypothesised that the observed responses may be explained by inks, coatings, contaminants and/or naturally occurring compounds within the material. To summarise, an effect-based approach enables hazard identification of chemicals within FCMs, which is a valuable tool for ensuring safe use of FCMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The separation of oil and water mixtures is an important issue in acidic and alkaline conditions. In this paper, the chitosan (CS)-coated filter paper was successfully fabricated for application in the field of oil/water separation by crosslinking filter paper with hydrophilic chitosan through a simple Schiff's base reaction. The surface of the prepared CS-coated filter paper maintains superhydrophilic and low adhesive ability to oil in water. Besides, this filter paper can resist highly acidic erosion even concentrated sulfuric acid. Surprisingly, CS-coated filter paper can be efficiently applied on the separation of different types of oil/water mixtures in wide pH range conditions and exhibits excellent recyclability and antibacterial property. The antibacterial rate of CS fiber pure textile can reach 99%. The antibacterial rate of blended fabric is about 75%. This separation process has high potential for industrial oilfield wastewater treatment and separation in extreme environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A newly developed research topic, fabricated paper-based microfluidic sensors, was discussed in the field of low-cost environmental detection. Distinguished with the traditional dipstick or lateral-flow setups, these paper-based microfluidic sensors can serve as a tool for onsite quantitative and semi-quantitative measurements, without risks to cause environmental pollution. They have attracted increasing interest since the first easy-fabricated paper-based setup reported by Whitesides group in 2007. Most of the publications utilized paper-based sensors in clinical detection. In recent years, some groups started to use these sensors in environmental measurement, leading to precise, easy operation, low-cost, and eco-friendly methods for onsite detection. In this review, paper-based microfluidic sensors were briefly introduced, followed by literatures review and discussion for future perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper industry wastewater even after bio-treatment at industrial scale is a major source of aquatic and soil pollution due to various unknown compounds. Hence, the study has focused on the detection of residual organic pollutants from the bleached and unbleached paper mill wastewater and both sources showed endocrine-disrupting compounds. The toxicity test with Phaseolus aureus seed germination showed inhibition of seed germination and alpha-amylase activity >25% in bleached and unbleached paper mill wastewater. The LC50 of Tubifex tubifex was noted of >50% after 48 hours incubation test. This revealed that the wastewater discharged from bleached paper mill is more toxic than unbleached paper mill waste this might be due to the use of more chemicals during bleaching and pulping process. This study has revealed that there is need to treat both paper mill wastewaters adequately prior to discharge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1973 Sweden entered into a free-trade agreement with the EEC. This meant that the EEC principle of prohibition of cartels met with the Swedish principle of abuse. Paper production was heavily cartelised in Sweden and Scandinavian export cartels exercised a strong influence over EEC markets. The problem is analysed in terms of legitimacy – how did the Swedish actors make their claims legitimate? When analysing the arguments used in the negotiations it becomes clear that the Swedish negotiators claimed that paper cartels and no tariffs provided more general utility whereas the EEC argument was that cartels were principally wrong and that the EEC utility was more important than the potential general utility. Since Sweden did not have the upper hand in the discussions the outcome became that the Scandinavian export cartels were formally dismantled and free trade for paper products had to wait for 11 years. When it comes to the actual effects, Swedish paper export could continue in much the same way as before. A process initiated by EC against the Scandinavian newspaper cartels ended up in a compromise founded on a common skepticism towards North American producers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the intertwined yet distinct roles and responsibilities of leadership and management within higher education institutions. The study underscores the importance of identifying key differentiating indicators of academic leadership and management while emphasizing the need to enhance leadership and management development programs to align with the ever-evolving higher education landscape. Our focus centers on crucial leadership capabilities and managerial competencies exhibited by academic leaders, placing particular emphasis on the value of the academic leadership capability framework as a facilitative tool for academic leadership and management development. After establishing the context of the study, we conduct a selective review of relevant research aimed at identifying effective academic leadership qualities. Next, we delve into the academic leadership capability framework, offering comprehensive insights into its applicability. The paper proceeds to introduce the bibliometric methodology employed, explaining how 610 Scopus-indexed publications on academic leadership and management development, spanning 53 years (1970 to mid-July 2023), were systematically analyzed. Presenting the bibliometric results, we engage in a comprehensive discussion concerning the theoretical and practical/societal implications derived from our findings. Finally, the paper concludes by providing recommendations for future research in this vital domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A paper spray tandem mass spectrometric (PS-MS/MS) method without column separation was developed for the rapid screening of clonidine in dietary supplements. PS-MS/MS provided acceptable performance compared to high-performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) in terms of limits of detection and quantification, accuracy, and precision. To overcome ionization suppression of complicated plant-based pharmaceutical products, nizatidine, tizanidine, and apraclonidine were investigated as internal standards. A more similar structured internal standard is most suitable for matrix effect compensation. The developed method has advantages of simplicity and speed for the screening of clonidine in dietary supplements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper critically examines the White Paper, Opportunity for all, published by the UK Government's Department for Education (DfE) in March 2022. This has a number of recommendations for schools in an attempt to 'level up'. In particular, there is a promise to deliver 'a fully trust-led system with a single regulatory approach [and] a clear role for every part of the school system'. Such a system provides a serious challenge to the way that Religious Education (RE) structures in England are currently built: in short, when Local Authorities no longer have schools under their control – what is the point of a SACRE? Arguing that the 'local settlement' for RE serves two purposes – a curricular purpose and support and monitoring purpose – this paper will suggest that future RE curricula will be planned at the Trust level, with the monitoring and support functions being moved from the local to the regional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis study analyzed checkout data from hardback and paperback volumes in the BYU library to determine if there was a difference in circulation rates. Based on usage from 2000 through 2020, hardback volumes are no more likely to circulate than paperbacks over that 20 year range, regardless of when the book was added to the collection or its subject (i.e. humanities, sciences, or social sciences). Also, the average number of circulations for these volumes was low enough that damage to a paperback book was unlikely. Given the lower price of paperbacks, academic library budgets may be better served buying paperbacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rachel Kozlowitz and Kirsten Lentz have challenged psychoanalysis to consider more deeply the impact on analysands when the therapist becomes mortally ill and/or dies, and to make the necessary personal exploration (Kozlowski) and structural and theoretical adjustments in the field (Lentz) required to accommodate this possibility. In this discussion, Blaustein contextualizes their thoughtful arguments in our culture's general aversion to talking about death. Drawing on the work of Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy (AEDP), Blaustein also builds upon the authors' shared recognition that when serious illness or mortality enter the treatment room, the analytic frame must be reimagined and expanded to make room for the positive and loving aspects of the analytic relationship – which may have been latent and unexplored to date – to become manifest and shared consciously between the dyad as a way to help offset the profound feelings of isolation, self-doubt and betrayal often reported by patients whose analysts have died without preparation or warning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers the impact of the book People's Law and State Law: the Bellagio Papers, edited by Anthony Allott and Gordon Woodman, published in 1985. It sets out why I consider this publication to be a seminal text in establishing and developing the field of legal pluralism, which had a great impact on both the development of the Journal of Legal Pluralism and on my own development as a young legal scholar. In looking beyond the text, I consider the ways in which scholars have engaged with the book's call for legal and social science to "work from a new map". In doing so I explore a recent arena of scholarship involving international intervention. The article highlights the important contribution that empirical studies can make to research on legal pluralism, by moving beyond the binaries of state and non-state actors, as well as through pursuing how scholars are adopting a more integrated and relational approach to law, one that may involve breaking down traditional disciplinary boundaries. In particular, I explore how concepts such as space and time contribute to a multi-dimensional, scalar perception of law at odds with a formalist, state-centred view of legal pluralism. This allows new insights to be generated into the operation of plural legal structures and constellations in which people operate allowing for a view of law that involves multiple networks of relations cutting across international, national and local boundaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The substantial two-volume work Terrae Sanctae Elucidatio (1639) by the Franciscan friar Francesco Quaresmio (b. Lodi, Italy, 1583–1656) is known as a veritable encyclopaedia on the Holy Land. It is also an itinerary of pilgrimage through the sacred sites, taking their monumentality and graphic landscape into account. Quaresmio was especially attentive to the Latin inscriptions made by the Crusaders, here copied by him as autoptic testimonies. This is part of a more general phenomenon. From the fifteenth century through to the seventeenth, in Europe this period is sometimes called the "Age of Inscriptions", during which epigraphy was recognized as a source of ancient history on a par with philology and archaeology. The overall aim of the present article is to show how Quaresmio, while continuing a medieval tradition of Franciscan scholarship, improved upon epigraphical study by deploying a specific technology, namely the visual rendering of uncial inscriptions in printed form. His rigorous observations, however, would have come to naught without the technical mastery of the Flemish printer-typographer Balthasar Moretus (1574–1641). Following previous developments in pilgrimage literature, where inscriptions – especially the Crusader epitaphs at the foot of Calvary – were commonplace, Quaresmio studied inscriptions not only as texts, but also considered their formal and material aspects. Ultimately, the present study argues that these Latin epigraphic texts played a role in the man's theological argumentation and in the defence of the loca sancta as Latin possession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report explores the history of Puerto Rico's relationship with the United States military and the resistance against militarization. Since the U.S. invasion in 1898, Puerto Rico has experienced the progressive takeover of land for military purposes, resulting in environmental damage and health repercussions. The resistance against militarism has taken various forms, including civil disobedience, marches, and armed struggle. The report showcases a collection of political propaganda, such as posters and pasquines, which were used to spread anti-militarist messages and mobilize people. These materials provide insight into the themes, styles, and campaigns of leftist propaganda between 1960 and 2000, highlighting the power imbalance between the armed forces and the common people. The report includes images and descriptions of selected propaganda pieces, demonstrating the diversity of styles and messages. [Extracted from the article]

Building on postcolonial, feminist and gendered migration theories and the ‘turn to mobility’ this article aims to explore the agency of so-called low-skilled Moroccan female marriage migrants in Flanders (Belgium). More precisely, it aims to study how religious temporality plays a role and how it shapes their experiences in a specific context of migration and precariousness. It questions how these women invoke a religious temporality in confronting the uncertainties and difficulties of which motherhood and a precarious residency status are the most challenging and stigmatising. Firstly, focussing on two ethnographic vignettes this article empirically analyses their nonlinear, risky and often undocumented trajectories laying bare a politico-discursive temporality in marriage migration, motherhood and belonging. Secondly, it analyses how exactly these women tend to challenge this bureaucratic temporality. The analyses show that through their active engagement with sabr (patience) and tawakkul (reliance on God) these women become agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Barbara Brandon-Croft is the first African American woman to have a nationally syndicated mainstream newspaper comic strip. Her comic Where I’m Coming From was first published in the Detroit Free Press in 1989. Two years later it was nationally distributed when it was picked up by Universal Press Syndicate. This interview is a compilation of edited excerpts from two recorded interview sessions conducted with Barbara Brandon-Croft during the summer of 2022, and follow-up sessions that occurred in the fall of 2023. The conversation focuses on how Barbara’s experiences during her formative and adult years inspire the world depicted in Where I’m Coming From. We discuss her experiences while growing up in the predominantly Black neighbourhood of New Cassel, Long Island; her father Brumsic Brandon, Jr.’s influences on her career path; her undergraduate years at Syracuse University; and the inspirations behind the content in some of her strips. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite substantial literature on the dyeing of textiles, there is a lack of research about colouring Japanese mending papers (tissue papers) used for paper conservation purposes. This study investigates the fungal bioreceptivity of Japanese tissue papers after they have been treated with various dyes and pigments. A variety of toning materials including plant dyes, watercolours, acrylic paints, inks, pastels, gouaches, and colour pencils are commonly used by conservators for paper toning purposes. In this study, two Japanese tissue papers (Yukyu-shiandSekishu Mare) were treated with selected plant dyes, watercolours, and acrylic paints and then inoculated with fungal species. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to quantify the DNA fromAspergillus nigerandPenicillium rubrumas a proxy for fungal species abundance before and after inoculation and artificial moist heat ageing. qPCR primers which were universal for fungi amplified DNA from papers inoculated withA. nigerandP. rubrumand these species were found to grow less on treatedSekishu MareandYukyu-shipapers compared with untreated papers.Sekishu Marepapers treated with artists' acrylic paints were found to be more resistant to fungal growth than similarly treatedYukyu-shipapers. This study suggests that for the best long-term preservation outcomes for paper materials in archives, libraries, galleries, and museums, acrylic paints generally perform better in conservation terms than most plant dyes and watercolours, although most colourants displayed some bioinhibition. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article provides a keyword in context analysis of three editorials published in London-based papers regarding the events of 16 August 1819 in Manchester: one daily paper, The Courier, and two weeklies, Sherwin's Political Register and The Examiner. It aims to offer lexical evidence of the struggle for the cultural-political appropriation and representation of Peterloo 'in public consciousness'. To this end, insights from critical discourse analysis, specifically social actor theory, are used, and elements of rhetorical and argumentative analysis are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this way, songs became a particular trigger that invoked the Cultural Revolution generation's memories of the Cultural Revolution. Through specific stories drawn from oral history interviews, Ouyang demonstrates that emotional attachments which individuals developed to songs of the Cultural Revolution made revolutionary music beyond political propaganda. Music As Mao's Weapon: Remembering the Cultural Revolution: Lei X. Ouyang. [Extracted from the article]

Gao elaborates how Si-lan engaged in code-switching of her racial consciousness and identity depending upon changes in the international and domestic politics in China and in the United States. She explains how the PRC regime perceived, made, and remade the five cultural figures and underlines how Liu and Chen subtly adjusted their identities depending upon political dynamics and tensions. In chapter 3, Gao sheds light on Liu Liangmo, who popularized and translated Chinese militarist and folk music in cooperation with Paul Robeson and bound Christianity to the Communist China after 1949. [Extracted from the article]

Chronic or refractory breathlessness adversely affects quality of life. Current treatment strategies for managing breathlessness are often inadequate in providing complete relief. Kinesiology taping is generally used in musculoskeletal practice for preventive and rehabilitative purposes. Recently, our attention was drawn to the plausible mechanism(s) and indication for use of kinesiology taping for managing chronic breathlessness. We present a brief review of the scientific rationale and efficacy of kinesiology taping for respiratory function-related outcomes. Through this publication, we hope to catalyse discussions amongst palliative care professionals and researchers on the potential use of kinesiology taping in the management of chronic breathlessness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This special issue of the International Journal of Production Research, focuses on the 'Carbon Neutrality' and 'SCM'. Nine articles have been selected for this special issue, and they cover various aspects to understand the manifestation of 'Carbon Neutrality' in supply chains, and to further illuminate how to achieve 'Carbon Neutrality' with supply chain innovation. This editorial provides a brief overview of the research domain, then introduces each article in the context of the state-of-the-art and highlights the contributions of selected papers to the field. Finally, the research perspectives are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the 75th anniversary of the Journal of the Operational Research Society (JORS) is celebrated, the opportunity is taken here for previous and current editors of the last 40 volumes to reflect on their experience. This is a companion paper to one written by Graham Rand that summarised the work of those editors who are no longer with us (1950–1984). In this second part covering the last 40 years of the 75 years of the journal's existence, we will be providing the personal reflections of the past editors and the current ones. During this time a typical issue of the journal changed from containing eight papers in 100 pages, with several book reviews, to one containing 13 papers in 200 pages with no book reviews. It is worth noting, even though several journals were created as part of the OR Society journal portfolio, JORS retains its visibility and its position as the oldest and well-respected OR journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thin-layer drying performance for a typical solid waste (paper towel) was evaluated at hot air temperatures of 90–130 °C (0.5 m/s air velocity) and microwave powers of 200–800 W in a bench-scale microwave combined convective drying setup. Influences of hot air and radiation modes (multi-magnetron and mode stirrer) on the temperature distribution uniformity were examined. The effective moisture diffusivities of sample during pure hot air drying ranged from 6.07 × 10−9 to 1.31 × 10−8 m2/s, while those for pure microwave drying were from 3.54 × 10−8 to 1.52 × 10−7 m2/s. The apparent activation energy of sample in pure hot air drying was estimated as 23.17 kJ/mol, while that for pure microwave drying was 22.64 W/g. The effective moisture diffusivities of sample in combined drying ranged from 5.71 × 10−8 to 2.05 × 10−7 m2/s. The heating uniformity for microwave was improved effectively by the combined drying. The application of the mode stirrers and multi-magnetron radiation modes further improved the microwave heating uniformity. Midilli model can well describe moisture content of paper towel over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The National Museum in Krakow, Poland, has been carrying out a comprehensive risk assessment for its extensive collections of works on paper. The collection was stratified into primary homogeneous groups such as holdings of works by important artists or large groups of documentary prints or posters. Relative values of the selected groups of objects were estimated based on their market values. The primary groups of objects were further divided into subgroups for different risk scenarios developed by considering varying susceptibility of the subgroups to two key hazards - chemical deterioration and physical failure upon handling. A number of criteria were used: paper brittleness, pH, or the degree of protection of objects against physical forces through containment options defined as framed, matted, contained in albums, or unprotected. Next, the accumulation of damage from the deterioration processes or multiple events for each subgroup of the specific risk scenario was estimated. Finally, the loss of value was assessed by museum staff by considering questions as to how the predicted damage accumulation affects the uniqueness of the work, its artistic value, documentary information, or display potential. The information collected at all stages was introduced into a specifically developed software tool which calculated and presented the magnitudes of risks facilitating the risk evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the agricultural by-products of corn production (corncobs) were ground into a powder form. Then, the powder was treated with sodium chlorite to remove the lignin, and the remaining holocellulose was optionally modified with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation. The resulting product was examined using an elemental analysis, along with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effects of the oxidation time and dosages of the TEMPO on the paper's physical properties were investigated. The results indicated that the TEMPO-mediated oxidized corncob holocellulose had the ability to improve the properties of both paper and recycled paper. When 1.0% oxidized holocellulose was used, the resulting tensile index, burst index, and folding endurance were increased by 4.16%, 8.63%, and 50.71%, respectively, compared with the control paper. The SEM analysis indicated that the bonding between fibers was improved by adding oxidized corncob holocellulose. Compared with the control paper, it was determined that the proportion of mesopore within the fibers increased and the bonding of the C–O bonds increased in the paper with the oxidized corncob holocellulose. The results of this study may potentially provide guidance for the future high value-added application of corncobs as a paper strengthening agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Teaching History in America: From Students to Professors" is a collaborative anthology by 31 Chinese historians who teach in universities in the United States. The book explores their experiences teaching history and offers observations and reflections on history education, college culture, and higher education administration in the US. The authors come from diverse backgrounds and teach at universities across different regions of the country, providing a comprehensive view of history education in US universities. The book also highlights the authors' efforts to integrate Chinese culture and educational ideas into their teaching, contributing to cultural exchange between China and the US. [Extracted from the article]

The use of digital technologies in teaching and learning processes has opened new and wide frontiers in mathematics education. Research in education moves towards teaching and learning (and assessing) twenty-first-century skills and computer-based testing seems an interesting possibility for assessing such skills. From this perspective, comparing computer-based with paper and pencil testing is an important issue for the educational community. It could allow us to better understand differences, innovations and weaknesses of classical assessing strategies and methods. The purpose of this study is to provide an example of the differences that can be found in migrating a task from one environment to another through a qualitative analysis of task and students’ solution processes. The sample involved in this study includes grade 6 and 8 students. The analysis shows that the environment migration process is not neutral: the tasks present differences. Students’ performances in the tasks are the same, but differences can be observed in solving processes. In particular, students of our sample differ in the mathematical resources applied, and in the assessing processes. In addition, it seems that students activate similar problem-solving processes as they become more familiar with the task and the environment in which it is administered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this conceptual work, we describe cross-disciplinary meaning and language related to the innovation phenomenon located in a business context. Our work attempts to find common meaning and language for innovation that can be applied across all business innovation projects irrespective of the business discipline, and to synthesize these common terms into an innovation communication and planning tool. The objective of providing a common meaning and language for innovation is to give practitioners, researchers, and stakeholders a shared communication platform, and common language and meaning that assist incumbents to discuss and collaborate during innovation projects without the boundaries created by siloed, nuanced, and discipline-specific understandings. The outcome of the paper is a conceptual framework and canvas tool constructed from universal meaning and language for business innovation with the aim of providing a set of common questions that business practitioners could ask during times of innovation. Furthermore, the Business Innovation Canvas provides new directions for future study and the development of tools that take advantage of common meaning and language to aid innovation practitioners and researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heather MacIntosh's emotionally moving paper describes an intense relation with a patient at a time when Heather herself was traumatized. This analyst-patient relationship inspired Heather to make essential changes in her lifestyle. These changes were curative for both the analyst and the patient. The discussion highlights three main issues. The first is leaps from the analytic frame, Different forms of leaps, starting with those defined by Freud and continuing with current analysts, demonstrate various modifications of the frame. The second issue is the question of who is responsible for the transformation of trauma. When the analyst remains faithful to her ideals, she can be inspired by a vast range of idealized selfobjects, human and nonhuman. The perception of an idealized selfobject is neither dependent on external conditions nor on actual actions. The patient can then expand her mind in a similar way. The third issue focuses on the expansion of the scope of selfobject experiences in times of turbulence and stress. We may consider that in such times the mind can be inspired by the selfobject function of nature, art, imagination and virtual possibilities. In our times, universality and interconnectedness fulfill a major role in informing our lives. Our minds are constituted by a global ecology that shapes our subjectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses Julie Doucet's recent graphic novel, "Time Zone J," and its significance in her career. The novel marks Doucet's return to drawing after years of exploring other artistic mediums. The story is based on Doucet's correspondence with a French admirer during her early years as a cartoonist. The article praises Doucet's artistic style and the emotional depth of the narrative, highlighting the universal themes of love and human relationships. The article also mentions the different editions of the novel and the challenges of translating it into different languages. Overall, "Time Zone J" is described as a unique and powerful reading experience that showcases Doucet's artistic talent and contribution to the world of comics. [Extracted from the article]

GLAMR placements from four perspectives: Placement students, higher education program providers, placement host institutions, and accreditation bodies. This issue of JALIA features papers presented at the 2022 I Research Applications in Information and Library Studies i (RAILS [6]) conference held virtually over two half days on the 29th and 30th of November 2022. [Extracted from the article]

Thermal processing is still the most important method to ensure food safety, however, there is a need for further improvements, from basic data to advanced optimization methods. Due to the competitive market, customer demands and environmental concerns, several challenges have been raised. In this review, some important topics are discussed, including inactivation kinetics, engineering properties, process design and control, packaging systems and regulatory, environmental, and economic aspects. This position paper describes our opinion about the main challenges associated with thermal processing (conventional and alternative technologies, as microwave and ohmic heating), as well as some possibilities to deal with them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In sum, this book is very multifaceted, it covers a lot of ground, it has Eigen's direct response to dozens of critical questions. Only in his late work has Eigen had much to say about a general theory germane to psychoanalysis ( I Image, Sense, Infinities and Everyday Life i ) or more aphoristically and fragmentedly ( I Under the Totem: In Search of a Path i ). Here is some classic Eigen, typical of the flavour of the whole book, from the essay "Psyche Singing", that is picked up in the book's title. Dialogues with Michael Eigen: Psyche Singing: edited by Loray Daws and Michael Eigen, London, Routledge, 2020, 279 pp., £96.00 (cloth), £27.99 (paper), £27.99 (ebook). [Extracted from the article]

Covid-19, the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is recognised as one of the most challenging global events of the twenty-first Century. The detrimental impact of the pandemic resulted in high rates of infection, morbidity, and mortality, with health-care workers firmly positioned on the frontline of this unparalleled international crisis. An emerging literature detailing the impact of COVID-19 on health-care practitioners identifies high levels of depression, anxiety, and distress. Accordingly, there are calls for the implementation of effective interventions to tackle the impending spectre of psychological morbidities and staff burnout. While it is important to explore new approaches, it is also valuable to examine how existing strategies, such as reflective practice, can be repurposed to specifically address practitioner well-being. This requires a reimagining of reflective practice and a reimagining of the reflective practice contexts in which reflective activity occurs. This paper presents The Reflective Practice Integrative Framework, which illustrates how reflective practice can be used to address the complex aims of supporting effective patient care, while also facilitating practitioner well-being. The Reflective Organisational Learning Framework is also presented which can be used to develop effective reflective practice environments through single, double, and/or triple loop learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2.3 Tips for writing a good transport review paper Authors considering writing a transport review paper should take into account several elements. 2.2.2 Future research needs Transport review papers can also focus on challenges that researchers are facing when trying to answer research questions and can suggest ways in how future studies should analyse a certain transport-related topic. Elements of a transport review paper 2.1 A literature review A literature review plays a central role in a transport review paper. 2.2.3 Policy implications A final way in how transport review papers can make valuable contributions to the transport field is by providing recommendations for policymakers, transport operators and transport planners. [Extracted from the article]

"All the President's Men" is a film analyzed by Christian Keathley and Robert B. Ray in their book. The authors argue that the film focuses on the experience of disorientation and uncertainty rather than the outcome of the investigation. The film, which follows the reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein as they investigate the Watergate scandal, recreates the feeling of being lost in a maze of clues and information. The book provides a close reading of the film's narrative structure, mise-en-scène, and cinematography, and argues for its status as an American classic. The authors also discuss the blend of art movie, classical studio-era, and New Hollywood elements in the film, as well as the deliberate choice to obscure and omit relevant story information. The book offers valuable insights for students of close reading methods and scholars of Hollywood history and style. [Extracted from the article]

In the book "Teuflische Allmacht: Über die verleugneten christlichen Wurzeln des modernen Antisemitismus und Antizionismus" by Tilman Tarach, the author argues that there is a tendency to overlook the Christian roots of antisemitism and anti-Zionism. Tarach traces the history of antisemitism back to early Christian pogroms and emphasizes the influence of Christianity on Nazi ideology. He also highlights the role of the Catholic and Protestant churches in perpetuating antisemitic beliefs. The book demonstrates that antisemitism has deep historical roots and remains connected to Christianity. [Extracted from the article]

"The 7 Deadly Myths: Antisemitism from the Time of Christ to Kanye West" by Alex Ryvchin explores the historical and contemporary manifestations of antisemitism. The book examines various myths surrounding the discrimination and persecution of Jews, including the blood libel, the belief that Jews are Christ-killers, and the myth of Jewish global domination. Ryvchin also addresses the concepts of Jewish chosenness, Jewish wealth, dual loyalties, and the perception of Jews as oppressors. The author concludes by emphasizing the importance of exposing and combating antisemitism to create a more inclusive and tolerant society. [Extracted from the article]

"Decolonizing Geography: An Introduction" by Sarah A. Radcliffe explores the decolonization of Anglophone geographical curricula. The book emphasizes the importance of approaching fieldwork with humility, respecting local knowledge, and avoiding the imposition of Western paradigms. It calls for action to avoid blinders, respect counternarratives, question official histories, acknowledge privilege, employ collaborative research, and entertain alternative epistemologies. The book also highlights the significance of indigenous environmental knowledge in physical geography and addresses the lack of diversity in the discipline. Overall, "Decolonizing Geography" offers a comprehensive exploration of decolonial approaches in geography and provides practical examples and suggestions for further research. [Extracted from the article]