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A recent US study found that combining buprenorphine with naloxone is a safe treatment option for opioid use disorder (OUD) during pregnancy. The study analyzed data from a large cohort of Medicaid-insured pregnant individuals and their infants. The results showed that pregnancies exposed to buprenorphine combined with naloxone had similar or improved neonatal and maternal outcomes compared to those exposed to buprenorphine alone. Specifically, there was a lower risk of neonatal abstinence syndrome, neonatal intensive-care unit admission, and small for gestational age. The study suggests that both formulations are reasonable options for treating OUD in pregnancy. [Extracted from the article]

This article from Reactions Weekly describes two case reports of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in male neonates who were exposed to mitragyna-speciosa (Kratom) in utero. In the first case, the neonate's mother had a history of substance use, including mitragyna-speciosa, and the neonate exhibited symptoms such as hypertonia and inconsolable crying. Methadone was used to treat the NAS, and the neonate was eventually discharged. In the second case, the neonate's mother reported using mitragyna-speciosa to stay away from heroin, and the neonate developed symptoms such as hypertonia and jitteriness. Methadone was also used to treat the NAS, and the neonate was discharged after successful treatment. The article suggests that NAS can occur due to in-utero exposure to mitragyna-speciosa. [Extracted from the article]

A case report published in Reactions Weekly describes a neonate who developed neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) after being exposed to fentanyl in utero. The report is based on a multicenter cohort study involving 130 patients conducted between 2013 and 2018. The mother of the neonate had received a cumulative dose of 3360 morphine milligram equivalents of fentanyl during pregnancy. The exact age of the neonate at the onset of the adverse drug reaction, as well as the duration of treatment and outcome, were not stated in the report. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses two cases involving tianeptine, a dietary supplement, and its effects on a pregnant woman and her neonate. The woman developed tianeptine dependence during pregnancy, and her neonate experienced neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome due to in-utero exposure to tianeptine. The neonate was initially treated with phenobarbital, but it was found to be ineffective. Eventually, the neonate's condition improved after receiving treatment with morphine. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a case series of three patients who experienced various side effects and outcomes related to the use of buprenorphine/naloxone for opioid use disorder (OUD) and in utero exposure to maternal buprenorphine. Patient 1, a woman with a history of OUD, experienced nausea and vomiting but completed treatment and had a healthy pregnancy. Patient 2, a neonate, developed neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) due to in utero exposure to extended-release buprenorphine but did not require medication for withdrawal. Patient 3, a woman with OUD and other medical conditions, experienced lower extremity edema but had a healthy pregnancy and delivery. These cases highlight the potential side effects and outcomes associated with buprenorphine/naloxone treatment and in utero exposure. [Extracted from the article]

A case study published in Reactions Weekly reports on a neonate who developed neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) after being exposed to Mitragyna speciosa (Kratom) in utero. The mother had been taking oral Kratom daily during her pregnancy. The neonate was found to have NAS and serum analysis confirmed the presence of mitragynine. The neonate was successfully treated with phenobarbital. This case highlights the potential risks associated with Kratom use during pregnancy and the need for further research in this area. [Extracted from the article]

A case report published in Reactions Weekly describes a male neonate who exhibited symptoms of neonatal methadone withdrawal after being exposed to methadone in utero. The neonate was born to a 33-year-old woman with a history of substance abuse, including cocaine and methadone. The baby received treatment with morphine and clonidine and was cleared for discharge to the mother by the Department of Social Services on day 11 of life. This case highlights the potential risks and challenges associated with neonatal exposure to methadone and the need for appropriate medical intervention and support. [Extracted from the article]

A case report published in Reactions Weekly describes a neonate who developed neonatal buprenorphine withdrawal syndrome after being exposed to buprenorphine in utero. The report does not provide specific details about the age, sex, route of exposure, dosage, time to reaction onset, or outcome of the patient. The neonate was transferred from the neonatal intensive care unit to a rehabilitation hospital. This case highlights the potential risks associated with in-utero exposure to buprenorphine. [Extracted from the article]

In the first week, she received oral morphine [morphine sulfate] extended release 15mg twice daily, oxycodone 10mg 6 tablets daily and sublingual buprenorphine/naloxone 2-0.5mg 1/4 film twice daily. In the week-3, sublingual buprenorphine 2mg 1/2 tablet twice daily was given along with oxycodone 5.5 tablets/day for 4 days followed by 5 tablets/day for remaining 3 days. In the week-6, buprenorphine dose was 1 tablet 3 times daily with 1/2 tablet twice daily as needed and that of oxycodone was 1 tablet/day for 4 days followed by discontinuing oxycodone. [Extracted from the article]

Subsequently, his mother had received opioid antagonist therapy with buprenorphine/naloxone 2mg/0.5mg, 2 doses 4 hours apart for her opioid use disorder. Hence, by the following morning she started received receiving buprenorphine/naloxone for opioid use disorder, and by the following morning she was receiving buprenorphine/naloxone 4mg/1mg sublingually. [Extracted from the article]

Concomitant use of gabapentin and opioid analgesics during pregnancy may increase the risk of neonatal withdrawal syndrome. Healthcare professionals should carefully evaluate each patient's risk of misuse, abuse and dependence before prescribing gabapentin, and patients treated with gabapentin should be monitored for signs and symptoms. The Health Products Regulatory Authority (HPRA) in Ireland has announced that product information for gabapentin will be updated to advise that drug dependence can occur at therapeutic doses and withdrawal symptoms may occur following discontinuation, according to a report in WHO Pharmaceuticals Newsletter. [Extracted from the article]

The neonate developed neonatal abstinence syndrome, low birth weight and t-cell lymphopenia due to in utero exposure of methadone. The neonate developed neonatal abstinence syndrome, low birth weight and t-cell lymphopenia due to in utero exposure of methadone. [Extracted from the article]

The incidence of perinatal opioid-use disorder (OUD) has more than tripled over the last two decades in British Columbia (BC), Canada, according to a study published in I Pediatrics i . The study also showed that continued opioid-agonist treatment engagement to delivery increased odds of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), compared with treatment discontinuation before the third trimester (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 4.7), but reduced odds of several adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth (adjusted OR: 0.6), low birth weight (adjusted OR: 0.4) and infant disorders related to gestational age (adjusted OR: 0.8). [Extracted from the article]

The neonate's developed NOWS following in-utero exposure to methadone (n=3), buprenorphine (n=2), tetrahydrocannabinol [THC] and methadone (n=1) and hydromorphone (n=1). B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event In a prospective, open-label trial study involving 8 neonates diagnosed with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and undergoing treatment with morphine between May 2020 and December 2020, 7 neonates [ I exact ages not stated; sexes not stated i ] were described, who developed neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) following in-utero exposure to buprenorphine, hydromorphone, methadone or tetrahydrocannabinol. [Extracted from the article]

It was suspected that he developed mild neonatal withdrawal syndrome, nail dysplasia and defect of the newborn (teratogenesis) secondary to I in-utero e i xposure of levetiracetam and carbamazepine, which the mother had received during pregnancy [ I times to reactions onsets and outcomes of ADRs not stated i ]. B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event A male neonate [ I exact age at reactions onsets not stated i ] developed neonatal withdrawal syndrome and teratogenesis in the form of nail dysplasia and defect of the newborn following in-utero exposure of carbamazepine and levetiracetam. [Extracted from the article]

B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event A 1-day-old neonate [ I sex not stated i ] experienced drug withdrawal syndrome following I in utero i exposure to baclofen. The neonate's mother was taking oral baclofen [ I maternal dosage not stated i ] during pregnancy for spasticity associated with a remote cervical spinal cord injury, and delivered the neonate via C-section at 34 3/7 weeks of gestation. [Extracted from the article]

B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event A 1-day-old male neonate developed neonatal abstinence syndrome following the withdrawal of doxylamine/pyridoxine. The neonate was delivered by spontaneous vaginal delivery at 41 weeks of gestation. The neonate was administered with 2 liters/min of oxygen administration via nasal cannula. [Extracted from the article]

B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event A female patient [ I age not stated i ] developed drug dependence following methadone abuse during pregnancy. Subsequently, her female neonate [ I exact age not stated i ] developed neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) following I in utero i exposure of methadone [ I times to reactions onsets not stated; not all routes and outcomes stated i ]. [Extracted from the article]

B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event In a preliminary open-label study involving 25 pregnant women aged 20-36 years treated between 2015 and 2018, a neonate [sex and I exact age not stated i ] was described, who exhibited neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) following I in-utero i exposure of buprenorphine. The neonate experienced significant neonatal abstinence syndrome in the setting of I in utero i exposure to buprenorphine, requiring hospitalisation [ I time to reaction onset and outcome not stated i ]. Opioid Addiction/Pregnancy and Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS): A Preliminary Open-Label Study of Buprenorphine Maintenance and Drug Use Targeted Psychotherapy (DUST) on Cessation of Addictive Drug Use. [Extracted from the article]

B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event In a single-centre retrospective cohort study of 23 neonates conducted between 01 January 2012 and 31 December 2017, seven neonates [ I sexes and exact ages not stated i ] were described, who developed necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) following I in utero i exposure to buprenorphine, methadone, gabapentin or unspecified benzodiazepines. Additionally, they developed neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) following I in utero i exposure to buprenorphine or methadone [ I maternal indications not stated i ]. The neonates' mother had been receiving buprenorphine (2 patients), methadone (2 patients), buprenorphine and unspecified benzodiazepines (1 patient), gabapentin and methadone (1 patient), and methadone and unspecified benzodiazepines (1 patient) [ I maternal dosages and routes not stated i ]. [Extracted from the article]

Incremental doses of lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:200,000 (total local epidural anaesthetic 13mL) were administered to epidural to maintain comfort during the surgery. She received a continuous epidural infusion of bupivacaine 0.0625% with fentanyl 4 µg/mL at 10 mL/hour via the epidural catheter. Continuous epidural hydromorphone infusion for post-cesarean delivery analgesia in a patient on methadone maintenance therapy: A case report. [Extracted from the article]

One of the two neonates additionally developed neonatal abstinence syndrome following in utero exposure to methadone. The neonate who had been exposed to the FOLFOX regimen in-utero, experienced IUGR and additionally developed neonatal abstinence syndrome secondary to maternal methadone use; the neonate was admitted to the neonatal ICU. [Extracted from the article]

B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event A male neonate [ I exact age at the onset not stated i ] born preterm with low birth weight and developed hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, neonatal abstinence syndrome, respiratory distress, bilateral blindness, bilateral deafness and withdrawal symptoms following I in-utero i exposure of gabapentin, buprenorphine and unspecified benzodiazepines. The birth weight was 1920g (low birth weight), head circumference was 31cm, birth length was 45cm, and the 1 and 5 minute Apgar scores were 7 and 9 respectively. On DOL 12, clonidine was started for neonatal abstinence syndrome and to diminish the withdrawal symptoms. [Extracted from the article]

A 24-hour-old neonate [ I sex not stated i ] developed neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) following I in-utero i exposure of venlafaxine. The mother of neonate had received extended release venlafaxine [ I maternal route not stated i ] 75 mg/day for major depressive disorder during pregnancy. [Extracted from the article]

An approximately 2-hour-old girl developed neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) following I in utero i exposure of alprazolam. The mother of the girl had panic disorder for which she had been taking alprazolam 2.4-3.2 mg/day in her mid-pregnancy followed by 2.4 mg/day [ I route not stated i ] in her late pregnancy until delivery. B Author comment: b I "These findings implicate that NAS in this neonate, at least apnea and digestive symptoms, was possibly induced by alprazolam." i. [Extracted from the article]

A male neonate developed neonatal abstinence syndrome following I in utero i exposure to oxatomide. Shortly following birth, neonate was hypotonic and he exhibited oxygen desaturation, necessitating oxygen administration and also experienced polypnoea. [Extracted from the article]

A 2-week-old boy developed neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) following exposure to buprenorphine via breast milk. B Author comment: b I "Buprenorphine is an acceptable alternative for medication-assisted treatment (MAT) of opioid use disorder during pregnancy and is associated with lower risk of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). [Extracted from the article]

The article presents a case study of a male neonate whose mother had a 7-year history of oxycodone use and the developed neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) following in utero exposure to mitragyna speciosa.

This article presents a case study of a male infant who developed neonatal abstinence syndrome after an exposure to citalopram in utero.

The article discusses a retrospective study involving three neonates who developed neonatal abstinence syndrome after in-utero exposure of buprenorphine.

The article presents case studies of neonates who developed neonatal abstinence syndrome, a withdrawal syndrome, following an in utero exposure to buprenorphine.