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In statistical modeling, Fourier series estimator is frequently applied to time series data in nonparametric approach. Based on nonparametric regression study, Fourier series estimator has good flexibility to predict seasonal and the combination of trend and seasonal data pattern. This paper proposes an application of Fourier series estimator in biostatistics and epidemiology cases. One of the important problems in health science is disease prevention efforts. For prevention efforts, prediction the number of sufferers is determined. Fourier series estimator is applied to predict the number of sufferers for seasonal diseases like dengue fever and malaria that becomes a main issue in Indonesia. We used secondary data from the Ministry of Health of Indonesia to model and predict the number of dengue fever and malaria sufferer in Indonesia based on Fourier series estimator. A selected model that be chosen has met the goodness of model's criteria such as the small Generalized Cross Validation (GCV), Mean Square Error (MSE), and the large determination coefficient. The selected model also considered the model parsimony. Therefore, Fourier series estimator was able to predict the number of sufferers for seasonal diseases and the prediction produced small value of Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and MSE. Thus, the result can be used to give recommendation to related policy maker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the study on the development of potential energy in flat flow rivers using Vortex turbines and a techno-economic study. At this time, a small and medium scale hydroelectric power plant is developing by utilizing a very low head river. The type of turbine that can be applied to the very low head type is Vortex turbines. The Vortex turbine is a turbine that utilizes a whirlpool as an intermediary for energy. The results of the study revealed that the Vortex turbine is quite potential to be developed because Indonesia has many rivers with a flat flow pattern so that it fits with the Vortex turbine. Technical studies are conducted to determine the potential power generated, the types of components used, and the investment cost per kW. The technology analysis results show that the power generated by the MHPP Vortex turbine system is around 1.5 kW. The results of the economic analysis show that the total investment cost value of IDR 175,560,000 with a project NPV value is negative, and IRR is less than 10%, so the project is less commercially viable. Recommendations for project development can be funded through grant funding/government funds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bengkulu City is an area in Indonesia that has a high seismic intensity. This area is very vulnerable to undergo earthquakes. Therefore, there is a necessity to study the hazard assessment in this area. This paper presents a seismic hazard vulnerability study in Bengkulu City based on seismic ground response analysis combined with the probabilistic seismic hazard assessment. The soil profiles around Bengkulu City are investigated using a geophysical survey by microtremor and seismic ground response analysis. The ground motion of soft soil is implemented. Soil responses such as peak ground acceleration (PGA) at the surface, spectral accelerations (SA) at 0.2 s and 1 s, and the amplification factors of sites are observed. Those parameters are then processed to be presented in microzonation maps. The results show that PGA in Bengkulu City ranges from 0.2 to 0.5g. SA at 0.2 s and 1 s ranges from 0.4 to 1.3g and 0.4 to 0.7g, respectively. The results also exhibit that the propagated wave could amplify up to 1.6 times at the ground surface. The results bring a recommendation to reconsider the seismic design code for the structural buildings in Bengkulu City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Indonesia, sputum smear microscopy is one of method that widely adopted to detect Tuberculosis Bacilli, a bacteria causing Tuberculosis (TB). Due to sputum smear observation using conventional microscope rely on very little cost to start with, compared to its more modern solution. i.e. using fluorescence microscope or using GeneXpert. However, sputum smear observation using conventional microscope has drawbacks. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) standard, each sample is need to observed in 300 field of view. It leads to operator fatigueness, which can affect the output. Another factor is, it has very high inter operator variability. Therefore, an automatic process to detect the TB bacteria is highly needed. Deep learning based method to detect the bacteria is gaining attention in recent years. However, these methods rely on database, which is not designed for deep learning approach. The database contain limited number of annotated data. Moreover, the available database annotated images on a clean smear that completely different with Indonesian sputum smear images. This paper propose a sputum smear images database with data collected by Indonesian experts. Our database contain of 3 classes, which are: TBBacteria, NonTBbacteria, and Stainresidues. The database assists researcher for developing deep learning based TB bacteria detection, to produce deep learning's architecture with better accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One goal of development land transportation system is to build a safe and well organized land transportation system. A safety and well organized system referred to the number of traffic accidents that occur. A small number of traffic accidents that occurs show a good quality of land transportation system. This research will estimate the number of traffic accidents on land transportation in Indonesia by using a non-homogeneous compound Poisson process. The Poisson process { N (t) , t ≥ 0 } is called a non-homogeneous Poisson process when the parameter λ is not a constant function. It is notated as λ(t). The sum of independent and identical random variables to their indices following the Poisson process is a compound Poisson process. A compound Poisson can be expressed as Y (t) = ∑ i = 1 N (t) X i , t ≥ 0. where { X i , i ≥ 1 } is a set of random variables. In this paper, the function λ(t) = a + bX, with a and b coefficient values, can be determined using a linear model Yi = a + bX. The non-homogeneous compound Poisson process is explained by determining the assumptions, variables, and intensity function needed. As the result, it is obtained that the Poisson process is not homogeneous compound with rank compilation function is E (Y (t)) = (a t + b 2 t 2) μ 1 . The mean of the Poisson and homogeneous compound process is 144t + 0,016t2 as an estimation of the number of traffic accidents in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drying is an important step in the preparation of white noodles popular as sohun. The process aims to remove moisture content.in wet sohun up to 14.5% referring to Industry National Standard of Indonesia. White noodles were commonly dried with direct sunlight in which was weather dependency both for process continuity and product quality. The paper discusses the effect of air dehumidification with several solid moisture adsorbents such as natural zeolite and synthetic zeolite on the thermal efficiency of sohun drying. At this point, the sohun was dried under air temperature 50 °C, 60 °C, and ambient temperature. The moisture content in sohun was observed every 15 minutes for operational drying time 150 minutes. As a comparison, the conventional drying without heating the air was also evaluated. Results showed that the higher air temperature resulted in faster drying time. With adsorbents, the performance of the dryer can be improved where the synthetic zeolite was the most superior compare to the others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nyamplung tree or calophyllum inophyllum is widely spread and plentiful in Indonesia. Its seed is rich of oil (65-75% oil content) and potentially developed as non-edible oil. However, in fact it is not commercially yet. At the moment, some research has been carried out by using its oil for biodiesel, basic ingredients for soap, beauty products and medicines. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of calophyllum inophyllum oil for cutting fluids. Previously, some vegetable cutting oils have been tried and they are potentially succeed as a replacing mineral oil. Previously, some vegetable cutting oils have been tried and they are potentially succeed for replacing mineral based ones. The calophyllum inophyllum oil is made from their seed in several steps: (i) drying for 4-6 hours, (ii) milling, (iii) drying with oven temperature of 65°C for 21 days, (iv) pressing in a press machine, (v) extraction mechanically and then (vi) separation by washing in a-4000 rpm centrifugal machine for 30 minutes. The examined characteristics are viscosity, flash point, and pour point. The test methods that used for each physical properties are in accordance with standards ASTM D445-04 and ASTM D 2270, ASTM D 93-02a, ASTM D 97-05 respectively. The observation results showed the characteristics of the oil are (i) viscosity of 58,887 cSt (at 40°C) and of 11,879 cSt (at 100°C), (ii) flash point of 104°C, (iii) pour point 176°C. If compared to mineral cutting fluids, the physical characteristics of calophyllum inophyllum oil are not much different. It implies that calophyllum inophyllum oil can be used as a new environmentally friendly cutting fluid. The utilization of calophyllum inophyllum oil for cutting fluids will be able to elevate the economic potential of the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is located between three active tectonic plates, which are prone to natural disasters such as earthquake, volcanic eruption, and also giant tidal wave-tsunami. Adequate infrastructure plays an important role in disaster mitigation, yet without good public awareness, the mitigation process won't be succeeded. The absence of awareness can lead to infrastructure mistreatment. Several reports on lack of understanding or misinterpretation of disaster mitigation especially from rural and coastal communities need to be solved, especially from communication aspects. This is an interdisciplinary study on disaster mitigation communication design and education strategy from visual communication design studies paradigm. This paper depicts research results which applying vernacular design base to elaborate sustainable mitigation communication and education strategy on various visual media and social campaigns. This paper also describes several design approaches which may becomes way to elaborate sustainable awareness and understanding on disaster mitigation among rural and coastal communities in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amplitude various offset is widely used in petroleum exploration as well as in petroleum development field. Generally, phenomenon of amplitude in various angles assumes reservoir's layer is quite thick. It also means that the wave is assumed as a very high frequency. But, in natural condition, the seismic wave is band limited and has quite low frequency. Therefore, topic about amplitude various angles in thin layer reservoir as well as low frequency assumption is important to be considered. Thin layer reservoir means the thickness of reservoir is about or less than quarter of wavelength. In this paper, I studied about the reflection phenomena in elastic wave which considering interference from thin layer reservoir and transmission wave. I applied Zoeppritz equation for modeling reflected wave of top reservoir, reflected wave of bottom reservoir, and also transmission elastic wave of reservoir. Results show that the phenomena of AVA in thin layer reservoir are frequency dependent. Thin layer reservoir causes interference between reflected wave of top reservoir and reflected wave of bottom reservoir. These phenomena are frequently neglected, however, in real practices. Even though, the impact of inattention in interference phenomena caused by thin layer in AVA may cause inaccurate reservoir characterization. The relation between classes of AVA reservoir and reservoir's character are different when effect of ones in thin reservoir and ones in thick reservoir are compared. In this paper, I present some AVA phenomena including its cross plot in various thin reservoir types based on some rock physics data of Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lotka-Volterra competition model has been applied in life sciences including competition between species, predicting the Aeromonas hydrophila growth on fish surface. The competition model also has been used in social sciences, including competition in the Korean stock market and competition between two types of bank, namely commercial bank and rural bank in Indonesia. It is well-known that the analytical solution of the Lotka-Volterra is unknown. Here gradient-base methods such as Newton method and Levenberg-Marquardt are difficult to be implemented to estimate paramaters of the model. In order to estimate parameters in the model, one need to use heuristic method such as genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, firefly algorithm or other heuristic methods. In this paper, we compared performance of particle swarm optimization and firefly algorithm in parameter estimation of Lotka-Volterra type competition model. Here we used the profit data of commercial bank and rural bank, where the data cited from literature. We found the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of firefly algorithm is a little bit smaller than the error of particle swarm optimization method. We also found variance of the error of firefly algorithm is lower than the particle swarm optimization method. Hence, for parameter estimation of Lotka-Volterra competition model, firefly algorithm is more beneficial than the particle swarm optimization method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The critically endangered Javanese narrow-headed soft shell turtle (Chitra chitra javanensis) in Indonesia is facing mass harvesting and intense habitat loss. These tremendous threats made Chitra sp. rarely found in the wild. Research aims to update and evaluate the soft shell turtle existence in Java Island. Field research was conducted on three large rivers across Island that flow over years (Ciliwung, Bengawan Solo, and Brantas). Data were gathered from field studies during dry season supported by questioner and paper review. During field research in three different rivers none soft shell turtle was captured and during interview with local, the authors collect data of captured soft shell turtle over 10 years. Number and size were varying but the trend was decline. Captured hatched specimen indicating success mating in the wild. Supported environment data for Chitra species was tolerance to medium water pollution. Recent finding shows the population plummeted duo to mass harvesting and land use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TOC is one of the crucial parameter for determine potencial zone of shale hydrocarbon play. TOC can be measured on the core rock but this data is limited. Schmoker – Hester method and Passey method is two of the most popular method to predict TOC value. These methods are determined from TOC data of marine and pre-tertiary shale rock in United States and Canada. Meanwhile, shale rock in Indonesia (mainly in Western Indonesia) is originated from lacustrine depositional environment and tertiary aged. So generally, shale rock (as source rock) in Western Indonesia has a different characteristic with shale in United States and Canada. This paper tried compare the result of TOC prediction by Schmoker – Hester method, Passey method, and Multi Linear Regression (MLR) method. The results show that the three methods have the same trend in TOC prediction curve, but the regression values are not the same. The TOC prediction has validated by TOC measurement of Rock Evaluation Instruments (core data). This research shows that MLR method gives the better TOC prediction than Schmoker-Hester method and Passey method. It is case study in Banuwati Shale Member Formation, Asri Basin, Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fortification as a concept plays an important role in critical discourse regarding (city) development. Fortification represents a condition, where a strong enough "medium" exist in between two spaces. Fortification also gives a strong meaning to add ones forces, to make a particular (mostly designed) space to be stronger, creating a sort of comfort environment. Fortifications could be meta-physical, where it solidifies as an interface, a borderline, the boundary itself. This paper brings discourse into interpretation of fortification, from prior related knowledge to understand the concept of it from each individual within the city structure, which affects the values (actions and behaviors) of the residents differently. The context of urbanism to be discussed refers to studies of urbanity, architecture and urban design. The discussion ranges from the most relevant initial study, significant to the topic built on the presence of fortification, the context of urbanism, space and plot (urban space), and also the boundaries and scope of the research topic. The author sees a phenomenon related to the development of real-estate in Indonesia in the form of the flourishing gated community settlements and exclusive high density urban business entities. This is contrary to the principles of New Urbanism that views accessibility and openness as one of many principles in planning neighborhoods. This is what builds the research novelty and becomes an important element in formulating the state of the art of the author's research plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Indonesia, more than 26 thousand tons of polyethylene (PE) packaging plastic bags are disposed of into the environment per day. Nanocarbon technology is one solution. Flame synthesis reactor is a method for nanocarbon production. Flame synthesis using argon as a carrier gas and oxygen gas as co-feed gas to produce carbon monoxide (CO) as a source of precursors for the growth of nanocarbon. Oxygen as a co-feed were injected in this reactor for increasing CO. Stainless steel (SS304) is used as a substrate of catalytic media at a temperature of 800°C for 1 hour. Nanocarbon characterized by FTIR, TEM, and XRD. The result of the optimum conditions in pyrolisis of plastic bag waste was obtained at a temperature of 450°C in 10 minutes. The perfomance of flame synthesis reactor showed that carbon nanotubes, onion holow core, quasi-spherical are dominated of nanocarbon with 30% yield. This shows that the flame synthesis reactor is capable for producing CNT nanocarbon based on PE plastic bag waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Power purchase agreement (PPA) of electricity is one key mechanism for power utilities to procure electricity from power producers. PPA regulates the legal obligations between both parties over a long time period thus should be designed carefully. No single PPA scheme can fit all because each power generation technologies has its own technical characteristics and risks that can affect both parties financially. For wind power, variability and intermittency of wind resources must be taken into considerations when designing the PPA. This paper evaluates the power purchase agreement between independent wind power producers (IPP) and PLN as the electricity utility company of Indonesia, particularly clauses that are related with intermittency characteristic of the wind power plant. Evaluation of the PPA finds that there is still room for improvement in the PPA in conveying the impact of resource variability to the grid and emphasize the importance of wind power forecasting that can minimize it. A new scheme is proposed to reflect the intermittency of the wind power output and provide incentive for the IPP to minimize the impact through high accuracy forecast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need of electricity in an area will increase along with the increasing number of residents in the region. The source of electrical energy which is derived from fossils will be depleted from time to time because this type of energy source cannot be renewed. Thus, renewable electricity sources must be developed and become a very urgent need for the community, including in the coastal areas of Malang Regency, Indonesia. This location has the considerable potential of wind speed and solar radiation which can be utilized to generate electricity. These two types of renewable energy sources can be combined to develop a hybrid power plant. The development of hybrid power plan supports the independence of the community in fulfilling electricity by utilizing the resources around them. This paper aims to examine the opportunities for developing hybrid power plants in coastal areas of Malang Regency using HOMER software simulations. The aspects studied include the costs and the output power produced, as well as the greenhouse emissions. The results of this study were then used as a consideration in designing a hybrid power generation system that produces optimum electricity, both in terms of power output and the costs required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetic susceptibility and geochemical data have been widely used in environmental studies. In general, the data are analyzed only based on the correlation between variables. In this paper, the multivariate statistical analysis method is used intensively to identify environmental conditions based on magnetic susceptibility and geochemistry. The objects of this research are the two inlet rivers of Sentani lake, Papua, Indonesia, namely the Hubay and the Kamp Wolker River. In this study matrix correlation, principal component analysis (PCA) and the factor analysis technique were employed in the analysis task. Using the methods, we found the characteristic of geochemical elements and their correlations with magnetic susceptibilities, and dominant geochemical elements in the inlet rivers, which distinguishes the two rivers significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 500kW Lahendong binary cycle geothermal power plant is the first low-medium enthalpy generation system commenced in Indonesia. The pilot plant was established through technology research collaboration among BPPT, GFZ and PT. Geothermal Energy. The proven ORC unit is built by a German industry, where heating and cooling systems are manufactured by national industries. Construction and installation of the pilot plant was completed in 2016. Since September 2017, the pilot plant has continued to operate. The main target of the Indonesian-German cooperation is to disseminate the binary cycle technology throughout Indonesia. This paper discusses operating experience of the plant 500kW during the past six-month period. As a result, to achieve the design conditions (500 kW gross and 424.2 kW net), further work needs to be done. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rock slopes stability is important for personnel and equipment safety in the open-pit mine. Instability and failure of slope occur due to many factors such as unsuited slope geometry, geological discontinuities, weak slope material due to weather influences. External loads such as high rainfall and seismicity could play an essential role in slope failure. Consequently, a precise classification of rock mass is needed for the basis of determining technical policy. Rock slopes in open pit coal mining areas, especially in Indonesia, are characterized by applying various rock mass classification systems, such as Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Geological Strength Index (GSI), because the study area comprises well-exposed rock formations. In the RMR system, there are five main parameters i.e. Rock Quality Designation (RQD), Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS) of rocks, discontinuity spacing, discontinuity and groundwater conditions were considered. Several rock mass classification systems developed for the assessment of rock slope stability were evaluated with the condition of rock slopes in the tropics, especially Indonesian region, particularly in sedimentary rocks in the open pit coal mining area in order to get the corrected GSI equation used to characterize rock slopes based on rock mass structure quantitative analysis and discontinuities surface conditions. This paper provides correlation between the GSI and RMR for sediment rock in coal mines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Field X is an offshore field that is included in the deep-water area managed by an oil and gas company in Indonesia. From a number of tests conducted it was found that are presence of sand problems in this field especially in well G1 so that several studies were conducted. From the results of the study, it is determined that the use of Frac pack is one of the most appropriate ways, besides controlling sand problems, it also increases gas production on field X. The Frac pack method is a well stimulation by combining gravel pack to control the sand problems with hydraulic fracturing which is designed to have high conductivity to increase productivity over the well. In this paper, a calculation model is developed to find out the optimum fracture half length, fracture width and also the pumping schedule of the Frac pack with sensitivity of proppant concentration. Then the results will be compared with existing commercial software. The challenge faced in frac pack modeling for well G1 is large permeability so that the possibility of leakage occurring is greater and then handled by increasing the injection rate. Based on the calculations and analyzes that have been done, for the well G1 on field X it will be optimum to operate if frac pack is installed with the type of brady sand 20/40 proppant and dynafrac HT 30 as fracturing fluid, so that half fracture length, Xf 76.8 ft is obtained with fracture width, wf 0.4355 ft and 5 times fold of increase in the production. From this study it can be concluded that the calculation model made can be accepted and used commercially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relatively few Pre-Tertiary outcrop examples of the Tanimbar Islands have been described in the literature. Pre-Tertiary rocks outcrop at these islands is hardly found due to high levels of weathering and dense vegetation. This area needs a further geological work because this is one of the few areas near offshore of Arafura Sea where we can get Pre-Tertiary rocks outcrop analog for subsurface interpretation. This paper is aim to recognize the stratigraphic successions of the Pre-Tertiary sedimentary rocks exposed in the study area based on their lithological characteristic and palynological ages. The methods used are geological fieldwork and palynological analysis for samples obtained. Four lithostratigraphic units are recognized from the outcrops: 1) Late Triassic (Carnian–Norian) limestone, sandstone, and claystone of Wotar Formation with the depositional environment at the marine environment with storm influence. 2) Early to Middle Jurassic (Hettangian–Bajocian) sandstone and claystone of Selu Formation, that was deposited at the marine environment with tide influence. 3) Early Cretaceous (Berriasian–Barremian) red and brown claystone and siltstone of Arumit Formation which was deposited at an open-coast tidal flat setting, and 4) Early to Late Cretaceous (Aptian–Santonian) sandstone of Ungar Formation, which was deposited at an open-coast wave-dominated depositional environment. Uppermost Middle to Late Jurassic outcrop was not found in the studied area. This time interval is probably represented by the clay dominated matrix of mud volcano matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is a country rich in natural resources, especially gold resources. Gold mining in Indonesia is commonly using open pit and underground mining system. Although underground mining is not directly connected with weather and rainfall, that does not make an underground mining free of mine dewatering system's problem. The problems that may be occurred in the working front area of an underground mine are the high of the total head that has to be lifted by a pump, dimension of the mine channel and sump that small due to limited space of the tunnel, and flood. Flooding in a tunnel commonly caused by groundwater on the tunnel's surroundings. An accurate calculation of groundwater inflow into the tunnel is important to design the underground mine dewatering system. Measurement of actual groundwater inflow had been done to prove the accuracy of groundwater inflow's calculation using an analytical solution by El Tani method. This paper presents the alternative of the groundwaters seepage calculation those flows into the tunnel. The result of this research is the groundwater inflow can be predicted using an analytical solution accurately so that the design of the underground mine dewatering system can be held precisely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, Indonesia has an immense shale hydrocarbon potential, where the Central Sumatra Basin is the biggest potential in Indonesia, especially from the Brown Shale Formation of the Pematang Group. However, the development of shale hydrocarbon in Indonesia is still little studied and poorly understood. Thus, research related to non- conventional hydrocarbon resources is fundamental in order to improve sustainable national energy security. However, further research must be carried out using analog outcrop data because there is no core from the Brown Shale Formation of the Pematang Group. Fortunately, there is currently very good analog outcrop at the PT. Karbindo in Kiliranjao, West Sumatra.In this paper, the sweetspot fracable window is determined by using a geomechanical analysis approach from core/analog outcrop samples so that the prospect formation interval model with a high fracable can be created, which correlates with fracture resistance and can be applied to determine the location and planning interval for hydraulic fracking. From the sweetspot fracablewindow of shale hydrocarbon, it is expected to increase success in producing shale hydrocarbons which have very low permeability by determining the exact location and hydraulic fracking interval, so that natural cracks can be opened and the fracture is connected to maximize hydrocarbon flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several insurance companies sell health insurance products that cover tuberculosis risk. One principal component to determine the insurance premium that must be paid by the insured is the morbidity rate. Therefore, morbidity rate forecasting is essential for an insurance company. In this paper, we present the Indonesia tuberculosis morbidity rate forecasting using Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) which is part of deep learning. Min-Max Scaler was applied to the data before it is used as RNN input to achieve better prediction. Unfortunately, the result shows that RNN performance is not satisfactory due to limited morbidity rate data in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the maintenance scheduling of transformer oil in Banaran Substation, Indonesia. Based on the function of the transformer is important to distribute electricity. If there was a fault, it can decrease the reliability of the transformer. Therefore, it is necessary to schedule the periodic maintenance of transformer oil to improve the power transformer reliability. So in this research using Markov method to analyze the reliability and availability of transformer oil. It happened because of Markov method can increase estimates effectively. This research adds the used parameters, namely the results of the DGA test with TDCG and the results breakdown voltage test. These parameters will be processed by using Markov method to find the value of reliability and availability with calculated using the deterioration rate (λ) and the repair rate (μ). The calculation results are simulated using Matlab R2014a, and the results show us that the reliability and availability of transformer oil decrease every month. The biggest decrease occurred on day 180 in a period of 365 days, with the value of TDCG is 9.844% and 3.395% while the value of breakdown voltage is 32.19% and 24.83%. Therefore, maintenance is carried out at least twice a year to improve the quality of transformer oil which functions as an isolation transformer and prevents transformer failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the application of the weather modification technology (WMT) for mitigation of peatlands fire in Riau Province, Indonesia. The application of WMT has been conducted to reduce the fire disaster risks which were very rare to be implemented in the world. The province of Riau which is about 56% covered with peatlands, is very vulnerable against haze disaster caused by peatlands fires. Peatlands are fragile ecosystems formed over thousands of years by the accumulation of dense wet plant material. When drained or cleared by fire for commercial plantations, such as for palm oil or pulpwood, the carbon is released into the atmosphere. In 2013-2015, Indonesia experienced its most serious fires in some years, worsened by dry weather caused by an El Nino phenomenon, and cloaked large stretches of Southeast Asia in choking smog for mounts. The history proved that the peatlands fires only can be stopped completely by rainfall. On the other hand, the peatland fires usually occur in the dry season that rainfall is very rare. The technology of artificial precipitation has an important role to solve this kind of natural disaster. The aim of this research is to study the impact of the application of the WMT on increasing of precipitation for mitigation of peatlands fire in Riau Province. The analysis was focused on the Kepulauan Meranti and Siak Regency which are very severe peatland fire in 2014, 2015, and 2016. This research found that the application of weather modification technology could increase precipitation occurrence and significantly reduce peatland fire in Riau. The increasing rainfall value (PCH) in Kepulauan Meranti Regency was 1.019, 1.08, 0.68, and 1.649 during the four times WMT application from 2014 to 2016. However, the PCH value in Siak Regency during the four times WMT application in 2014 to 2016 was 1.127, 0.7, 0.66, and 1.88. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the Hong Kong Convention, the ship’s life cycle is limited to 25 years old due to its deteriorating of its effectiveness and uneconomical to be operated, so it needs to be recycled. This opens up the market for a ship recycling industry in Indonesia. Two business models can be implemented to a green ship recycling industry, one is as a service provider model and the other is a “3-in-1” model. Before opening up a new green ship recycling business, a feasibility study needs to be conducted to assess which model of green ship recycling business will be more profitable. Several aspects need to be considered in a feasibility study. This paper will be focusing on the financial aspect of the feasibility study. The results of this feasibility study for the service provider model are Payback Period of 3.74 years, Average Rate of Return of 0.36, Net Present Value of IDR228.322.021.477,00 Profitability Index of 3.82, and Internal Rate of Return of 17%. For the 3-in-1 model with a Payback Period of 11.7 years, yields Average of Return of 0.28, Net Present Value of IDR124.876.569.841,00 Profitability Index of 2.25, and Internal Rate of Return 12%. From those results, it can be concluded that the service provider model is more profitable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of the research the analysis the effect of job satisfaction toward employees performance as an effort to human resources foundry industry development. The purpose of this research is to analyzed the relationship of job satisfaction and the effect to employees performance that was not yet as expected. The method of research using descriptive analysis toward the two variables studied with approximately 200 respondents. The samples are determined by Slovin formula and the sampling is conducted by proporsional cluster random sampling. Based on the results of survey to six foundry industries in West Java Indonesia. The dimensions of job satisfaction studied include: the job itself, compatibility between job and personality, co-workers, supervisor and boss, workplace. While the employees performance that are studied include: competence, effectiveness and efficiency, authority, discipline, and initiative. The result of this research in a descriptive studies show that the job satisfaction and employees performance is fair to good categories. Based on the statistical test, proved that there is significant influence between job satisfaction to employees performance because tcalculated (9,976) > ttable (1,972). The direct impact of the job satisfaction of toward employees of 65.45 and remainder 34.45%. This discussion is expected to be a reference to some dimensions and indicators that have not been optimal for human resource development in the National foundry industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is undeniable that the world's climate conditions are experiencing a significant quality decrease where the air around our homes, including Jakarta, are not feasible anymore where there are a lot of dangerous Particulate Matter 2.5 in the air that we breathe daily. Not only the air condition, the high demand for processed petroleum such as gasoline and diesel causes Indonesia to import where in 2018 there are 393,000 barrels per day. Of course, the budget spent to meet the fuel needs is not small, and will not decrease for the next few years, given that Indonesia's petroleum stock has also decreased. Based on these problems, Universitas Indonesia is committed to build an environmentally friendly transportation, called Electric Bus. This Electric Bus has prime mover in the form of a 3 phase induction motor. Author on this paper is doing the research to build an electric motor design used on The Bus, so that the motor can produce performance in accordance to the design specifications that is 100 kW, where three motors will be combined to produce 300 kW of power with 1200 Nm of torque. This research focuses on motor construction, as well as the selection of materials where the material used is from Indonesia so that all components of the motor are originally made in Indonesia, with the best quality and specifications. This design has been successfully made resulting a weight of 298 kg and dimensions of 630 mm x 470 mm. The results of this research are expected to be able to electrify The Yellow Buses at Universitas Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One effort to develop the medical devices industry in Indonesia is to downstream research products that have been carried out by a research institution. Currently, many research institutes that work in the biomedical engineering field have focused on developing medical devices that have funding support from a government agency of Indonesia. However, a pre-financial study is also needed to be carried out to understand the profitability and business model that proposed with a manufacturer. This paper aims to calculate economic parameters from various scenarios that involved the pre-operation cost to develop a new model. A new product development (NPD) is needed to gain more sales volume to the existing medical device manufacturer. However, this activity is not cheap and mostly needs new investment. Therefore, we iterated various scenarios such as: establishing a new production line, expanding new products apart from an existing product, getting grant support from government trough collaboration with a research institute, and expanding sales volume to profitable parameter. Our calculation shows that the involvement of a government agency, i.e., LPDP and research institute through new product development, will empower the manufacturer. Ultimately, the profit will return to the research institute as licensing the product property right to the corresponding manufacturer. Here, we showed that a new product of biodegradable cranio-maxillofacial implant would have a Net Present Value (NPV) around -12.7 billion IDR to establish the line production. However, we also showed various scenarios to enable us to have NPV of 6.0 billion IDR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air conditioner has been one of the main necessities for mankind, especially for people living in warm climate countries such as Indonesia. The need for air conditioner itself functions for the comfort of users and also operating functions of certain equipment. Due to global warming, increase in the temperature of the Earth forces greater energy consumption of air conditioner to reach the required room temperature requested by the user. This increase in energy consumption has been the main focus of the Indonesian government in finding solutions to help reduce energy consumption from non-renewable energy power plants while still fulfilling societies demand. One solution is applying energy labelling for air conditioners using Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) as a parameter. In order to calculate the EER of air conditioners, a controlled room environment is needed, thus the reason of creating the Psychrometric Chamber. One of the required data to calculate EER is the temperature of air leaving the evaporator which will take part for the cooling capacity calculation, thus the reason for constructing the Air Sampler. The Air Sampler collects data of dry bulb temperature and wet bulb temperature of air exiting the evaporator and also the Psychrometric Chamber room. Certain calculations are needed in designing the Air Sampler which involves fan selection, pipe selections, and sensor selections. Besides calculation, the design of the Air Sampler needs to follow standards where applicable. Overall, this paper shows the design process and construction of the Air Sampler in the Psychrometric Chamber to calculate the EER for energy labelling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has been widely utilized all over the world for either civil or military purposes. For civil purpose, UAV can be used for maritime surveillance to prevent illegal fishing happens in Indonesia. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the composite wing structure of the maritime surveillance UAV using finite element model. The load is assumed as static and distributed along semi span using Schrenk method. In finite element model, the wing is modeled using quad4 element and boundary condition used pin in the locations where bolts will be applied. Verification, validation and mesh convergence test take into account to obtain good results from finite element model application. The analysis is conducted with load factor of 3.8 and -1.52 which represent maximum and minimum load factor. Based on the results, the wing composite structure of the maritime surveillance UAV is safe because it has factor of safety of 1.66 for load factor 3.8 and 3.35 for load factor -1.52 based on Tsai-Wu failure criterion. Meanwhile displacement in y direction for load factor 3.8 and -1.52 are 97.1 mm and -38.8 mm respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Residential air conditioning equipment has gained in public interest, primarily due to its huge energy consumption. Both in the US and Indonesia, this resulted in increased minimum efficiency standards. Manufacturers adhere to these standards through increased coil surface area, equipment size, and air flowrates for a given cooling capacity. While this has indeed reduced environmental footprint it also has led to issues for the testing of units. Increased indoor air handling unit height leads to conflicts between dictated inlet and outlet duct length and available total height of capital-intensive legacy testing facilities. This paper describes experiments conducted to evaluate the effects of changes in inlet ductwork configuration to the fan performance and highlights some of the constraints applicable to units with up-to-date electronically commutated fans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of electricity continues to increase every year, which then requires increasing the number of power plants to meet the demand for total electricity usage in the community. Jambi Province has a wealth of natural resources in the form of natural gas, which is quite abundant, making the Gas Power Plant has a very good prospect to fulfill the electricity supply in Jambi. In the written proposal, the power plant is planned to use Siemens SGT-400 as its Turbine Generator, which will be the first to be applied in Indonesia, is believed to be at the heart of this Gas Engine Power Plant Development Plan. In this paper, the Siemens SGT-400 Gas Engine that uses the Brayton cycle is analyzed based on the specifications stated in the proposal and brochure was calculated to find out how the whole system will run in ideal conditions. Inclusion of charts, schematic diagrams, and design layouts will strengthen the analysis performed. The Siemens SGT-400 is concluded that it has a cycle that corresponds to the Brayton Cycle theory which isentropic line is slightly different from theory and has an efficiency of 37%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of aviation safety regulations for aircraft design aims to minimize the occurrence of errors in the design process which ultimately can have an impact on the safety aspects of the aircraft. Aviation safety regulations for aircraft design regulate how to comply aircraft certification procedures. Civil aviation safety regulations are applied to manned aircraft and unmanned aircraft. The level of safety of this unmanned aircraft has not been much proven by the type certificate. In Indonesia there are three products certified by IMAA (Indonesian Military Airworthiness Authority). The regulations of unmanned aircraft are not declare clearly contained in CASR, the designers must be careful in choosing which regulations can be used to design. The Aeronautics Technology Center is currently developing an unmanned aircraft with a wingspan of 5.5 meters called LSU-05 NG . This series will be drafted with a design document that accommodates regulations. This paper aims to make documents complied the regulations by choosing regulations can be applied to unmanned aircraft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the design and operational test of the Power Control Unit (PCU) of the RX-320 Atmospheric Payload sounding rocket. RX-320 is a sounding rocket developed by the National Institute of Aeronautics and Space of the Republic of Indonesia (LAPAN), department of Rocket Technology Center. As a sounding rocket, the RX-320 Atmospheric Payload contains atmospheric meteorological sensors, and should measure the atmospheric parameters such as pressure, temperature and humidity, also the atmospheric gas parameters, such as carbon dioxide, ozone and nitrogen dioxide. The RX-320 Atmospheric Payload sounding rocket also have separation system to perform separation between rocket payload and rocket motor at the maximum altitude after lift off. The PCU should provide power for all of the electronic components so the RX-320 Atmospheric Payload can perform the mission. Power budget of the system has been iterated to provide the PCU criteria and design. Smart load balance has been designed for two-channel batteries to provide balanced load of each battery. The functional and load tests have been performed, that indicated the PCU is in the right way to support the RX-320 sounding rocket mission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adjoint method is one of computational fluid dynamics-based optimization that optimizing the shape of the body. This method is rarely used in aircraft because it is still in development process. However, this research is trying to use adjoint method on GL-1 Glider which is the first national glider of Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to increase the aerodynamics performance of GL-1 with optimizing its wings. The decision to optimize the wing came from previous CFD study that the biggest contribution of lift is from wing. The ideal target of optimization is L/D, but because there is a limitation in adjoint method to use fine mesh to calculate drag accurately, then it is decided to optimize the shape with increasing lift as a target. This paper presents the result of optimization by using adjoint method. Flight condition is as resulted from previous CFD study in the maximum range condition, with velocity of 25 m/s and angle of attack of aircraft is 0 degree. By using incidence angle of 2 degree to the wing, then the optimization was done. The baseline of CL is 0.81 and CD is 0.0271. The optimized wing achieved the optimum result CL of 1.02 with CD of 0.0362 by applying adjoint method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia’s crude oil production is currently in a declining stage where the majority of oil comes from mature fields. Along with the ever-increasing oil demand, the challenge in sustaining production still need settlement. Therefore, characteristics of palm oil-based surfactants were studied in the laboratory to address that arising challenge and especially to determine the most favorable surfactant solution for the "K" field in South Sumatera. In the laboratory, the palm oilbased surfactant was formulated into five-volume concentrations of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5% and 1%. The compatibility test was done to assess if those solutions dissolve completely in injection water. Interfacial tension of each solution was measured to select the solution with interfacial tension value below 1.00E-02 dyne/cm. Eventually, the oil recovery factor of selected solutions was obtained through a spontaneous imbibition test. The compatibility test performed in five surfactant solutions has given the solution's appearances ranging from clear to milky. The interfacial tension value was measured to support the selection of surfactant solutions that will be used in further tests. Hence, surfactant solutions with a volume concentration of 0.3% and 0.5% are selected. The oil recovery factor of 78.07 % and 73.77% has been obtained from the spontaneous imbibition test on 0.3% and 0.5% surfactant solution. Besides being the efficacious future solution for "K" field in South Sumatera, the use of Palm-oil based surfactant for CEOR must also be considered for other mature oil fields in Indonesia. Along with it, this paper also signifies that studies relating to palm oil-based surfactant derivatives are developing rapidly in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Machine Learning of seismic signals is considered to automatize the analysis of years of the recorded signal. In this research, we considered using the wavelet transform based machine learning approach to analysis the spectrum signal which recorded from Broadband Seismic Network in North Tapanuli area. We use the signal seismic which recorded from GSI, MNSI, PBSI, PSI, SBSI, and TDNI which has been deployed in North Tapanuli, North Sumatera, Indonesia. The main aim of this paper to extract the different the value and spectrum of the seismic signal and identify the energy of signal of seismic which recorded from the sensor. The result shows that for all signal, which recorded form broadband seismic network information for detection and characterization is found in the instantaneous spectrum, and the makes seismic signal most useful is that this spectrum changes over time. The wavelet-based machine learning approach utilizing a complex Morlet analyzing wavelet is not only particularly suitable to clearly and simultaneously of seismic signals but also powerful for processing frequency-energy with variant signal seismic with a short period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rice is the main staple food in Indonesia that has the four largest population in the world. East Java is one of the largest rice producing centres in Indonesia, many other regions such as DKI, Papua, NTT, North Sumatera, South Sumatera, West Sumatera, Riau, Bengkulu, Jambi, DIY and Maluku depend on its supply of rice. The purpose of this paper is to develop system dynamic model for estimation of the East Java's rice contributions to Indonesia’s food security. The objective of the model is to provide a learning tool for policy-makers to improve their understanding of the long-term dynamic behaviour of the rice production, and as a decision support tool for exploring plausible policy scenario. Management and agricultural development. Structural and behavioural pattern tests, and statistical test were used to evaluate and validate the performance of the model. The results showed that the simulated outputs agree dwell with the observed reality of the system. Three additional scenarios were simulated. (scenario 1) expanding rice field area, (scenario 2) improving the intensification and there should be additional support to farmers through provision of agricultural inputs such as seeds, fertilizers and pesticides and be given sufficient training to best apply these input and (Scenario 3) increasing the amount of infrastructure in order to distribute more supply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-renewable energy source will run out quickly and pollute dangerously the environment. This causes the change in using source of energy to the renewable energy which is clean and eco-friendly. Wind turbine is one of renewable energy which is eco-friendly and having abundant sources. Indonesia has wind velocity for about 4 m/s which is appropriate to be installed Savonius wind turbine. This paper aims to increase Savonius wind turbine performance by adding slotted 5 mm and 7 mm, at 30 % chord of blade. In measuring the turbine, blower fans were used as the source of wind with the wind velocity of about 4 m/s to 7 m/s. The result showed that applying slotted blades could increase torque, therefore it was able to produce performance improvement at the condition of low angular velocity. The highest power coefficient occurred when slotted blades variation 5 mm at 30 % chord of blade is 0.118 at TSR 0.350. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The trend of using electric wheelchairs in Indonesia has begun to appear. However, Indonesia does not yet have an official regulation that regulates electric wheelchairs. So, it is very important to know the standard parameters needed to regulate the production of electric wheelchairs in Indonesia from the opinion of selected stakeholders. The selected stakeholders in this study were people with disabilities who had used electric wheelchairs for a certain period. The stakeholder was taken in this paper are electric wheelchair users in the area of Surakarta Residency. In developing the standard framework, the FACTS (Framework for Analysis, Comparison, and Testing of Standard) approach was chosen. This approach begins with an analysis of stakeholder needs, a comparison of standards that are used as a reference, and testing of the standard framework. This method was chosen because it can consider the interests of all relevant stakeholders in developing standards. The results of this study are the framework used in standard setting in Indonesia so that Indonesia National Standard (SNI) for electric wheelchairs can be developed and can be used to protect electric wheelchair products in Indonesia. There are 7 main parameters of an electric wheelchair that will be a concern. The parameters are stability, maneuvering ability, the ability of tire, battery, braking systems, control system and the last is testing of the wheelchairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural disasters that have occurred in Indonesia are dominated by hydrometeorological disasters, where floods and landslides cause substantial losses. High rainfall and public awareness in maintaining the river's environment is still low, causing water pollution and flooding. Therefore, a real time system is needed to monitor water quality and flood parameters with a warning system for early evacuation signals. The existing river monitoring system still uses cellular and Wi-Fi technology that is directly connected to the server. That causes waste of cost and energy if it is deployed over a large area with a large number of sensor nodes. In this paper, we propose a river monitoring system based on a heterogeneous wireless sensor network to address this issue. In addition, the accuracy of sensor measurements, transmission performance (packet loss) on a LoRa-based wireless sensor network and its energy consumption have also been evaluated. Based on the test results, average error measurement of ultrasonic sensor is 0.05%, DS18B20 temperature sensor is 0.15%, pH sensor is 0.94% and EC sensor is 0.11%. Meanwhile, in wireless sensor network performance evaluation, the highest packet loss value occurs when the transmission interval is 500 ms with the percentage of packet loss is 51.7%. Based on the results of power consumption testing, Node 3 has required less amount of power and it average energy consumption is 233 mAh with 1 second transmission time interval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The number of motoric disabled people in mobility is high. Motoric disability inhibits necessity to maximize one's potential and working on it has numerous great benefits such as transporting to other places, doing the job, exercises or health recovery. They need appropriate assistive devices as power wheelchair models to assist their daily activity. However, they have many barriers to access them such as the price and availability of the device, and possible solutions in technology is needed especially in developing country like Indonesia. One possible solution is to reduce the owning cost of the assistive device, it is by proposing research by making the prototype of the stand up motorized wheelchair (SUMW) which uses the approach by Universal Design concept to accommodate the motoric disability needs and proposed as an assistive mobility device which has reasonable price, comfort in mobility, enable the users to be healthier and productive even in their disability status. As the first prototype product, the SUMW was designed by composing the existing electric motor driver of electric wheelchair and three standard actuators of patient bed with the special purpose of mechanical frame structure by using reverse engineering approach. This paper aims to descript the connection of theories to research problems, purposes, design and significance, so that it can give some visions about further researches to develop a stand up motorized wheelchair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Managing complex projects is a challenging endeavor. Accordingly, scholars and practitioners have devised various methodologies to improve efficacy of project management – one of them is project risk management. This paper presents an on-going, long-term study which emphasizes the application of project risk management in Indonesia project contexts. The report: (a) elaborates various challenges which are unique for Indonesia project management, (b) offers three distinct risk-based perspectives to address the challenges, (c) highlights interim results on selected studies performed by our research group which exemplifies the perspectives. The report also sheds some lights on interesting issues beyond academic works on promoting/advocating effective project risk management – a potential venue for Indonesia researchers to contribute more to the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mangrove ecosystems are natural resources in coastal areas that have their own ecological systems, and have contributed as a place for local people to get their daily needs. In this regard, the sustainability of mangroves is a necessity, so that people do not lose their livelihoods. The purpose of this paper is to assess the success of local scale mangrove conservation in its relationship as a place where people looking for the necessities of daily life. Data collected through direct observation, questionnaires, interviews and in-depth discussions. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis. Mangroves at the study location in their condition before 1980 had not yet been damaged but after that, there was conversion of mangrove land into salt fields, expansion of settlements and shrimp farms. In the early 1990s, mangrove was planted. The results show that a significant number of people who are directly dependent are those who are looking for shellfish, mangrove crabs, shrimp and fish as livelihoods. In addition, community groups that have indirect impacts are those who look for small shrimp in coastal waters as raw material for shrimp paste. In conclusion, the local scale mangrove conservation efforts can be a solution for the livelihoods of local communities. Therefore, a local scale conservation models can add or become a policy choice on a broader scale to maintain the existence of a mangrove ecological system for the environmental and economic needs of the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism is a significant contributor to Indonesian economy as well as source of foreign exchange earnings. Banyumas that is located in Central Java is one of the regions in Indonesia with great potential tourism. It has a lot of tourism destinations, such as Baturraden, Small World, Andang Pangrenan, The Village, Caping Park, and many more. Unfortunately, there are no means of public transportation to go there. In fact, public transportation plays a significant role for city development. It offers main facilities to tourists and reduces traffic congestion during holidays. The important thing to do before building a public transportation is to determine the optimum route. Scientific contributions are needed to develop it. One of the fields of study about it is graph theory. It is commonly used to study transportation problem. This paper aims to provide the optimum public transportation route for tourism in Banyumas. We used Floyd-Warshall algorithm to find the optimum public transportation routes. In addition to the distance factor, it is necessary to consider the road width to determine the optimum path. Therefore, we use fuzzy logic to determine edge weights with several considerations of distance and width factors. In this study, we get the optimum route that connects tourism objects along the path that can be traversed after considering distance and width factors. From the result reflects that the addition of the road width factor in the weight of the graph has sufficient influence in determining the optimum route. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Telecommunication has been being a need for a wide community that cannot be avoided. The development of communication technology users in Indonesia causes the movement of the development of information technology from a secondary or tertiary need to be a primary need. The increasing of the needs of communication in the community makes these stocks being the largest capital stocks. So that it makes community interest to invest in the telecommunication factory. The closing price of this stocks somehow changing form the high prices switch to the low prices or vice versa. The closing price fluctuation could cause the behavior of stock prices to emerge to a multi-modal pattern. Frequently it would hard to perform a time series model because of its multi-modal characteristics in its serial data. This paper demonstrates the success of the work of the Mixture Autoregressive (MAR) modeling to overcome the multi-modality of some of the serial telecommunication stock price data and compare its performance with the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) modeling based on the smaller Mean Square Error (MSE), Akaike Information Criteria (AIC), and Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Changing the physical conditions of the Earth's atmosphere include temperature and distribution of rainfall, which has a wide impact on various sectors of human life. According to the Indonesia Food Security Monitoring Bulletin, Komodo Meteorological Station in East Nusa Tenggara (hereafter denoted as NTT) Province in Indonesia has reported that Komodo was the one of first priority in the classification of districts experiencing drought impacts from climate change that occurred in Indonesia. The study aimed to climate projection in Komodo using the Quantile Matching Bootstrap (QMB) method, which is the block bootstrap simulation technique combined with a quantile prediction and matching method for simulating future daily climate data. The projected data is influenced by the relationship of predictors derived from the Global Climate Models to the observed data. The study was carried out by examining daily rainfall and daily maximum temperature observed data from Komodo Meteorological Station. In this paper, the performance of the QMB approach is improved by three different quantiles i.e. 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles. The result for QMB produces the average coverage rate for the prediction intervals of around 80%. By using out of sample validation techniques, the results show that this method has successfully projected daily rainfall and daily maximum temperature during rainy season as well as transition from dry season to rainy season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of a smart home has developed since the 90s. Where the initial goal of the emergence of the concept of a smart home is to create home automation that can increase the comfort of its residents. Smart home technology enables communication between household appliances and users and improves automation, monitoring and remote-control capabilities. Various studies have been conducted to develop smart home technology. The main purpose of developing a smart home is to meet human needs, namely, to increase user comfort and make everyday life easier. In its development, there are several aspects in a smart home that must be met, namely Security and Safety, Energy Management, and Comfort Control. In various countries have started implementing smart home simulators as learning media, various studies also show that the use of simulators can help in understanding a technology . But until now, in Indonesia, there is still no simulator/trainer who can facilitate learning about smart home technology. Therefore it is necessary to develop intelligent home prototypes that are integrated into one product to facilitate this learning. In this case, context-aware technology is a solution that can be used in the development of a smart green building. Technology context-aware is a term for a smart home that has the intelligence to automate home devices based on the context of the occupants. This paper aims to be a reference in developing smart home prototypes that fulfil the smart home aspects so that they can facilitate learning about smart home technology. This article was prepared by applying the method of critical analysis of literature published from 1992 to 2019 in journals and proceedings in Indonesian and English. As a follow up to future research, this article proposes the development of context-aware smart home simulator to facilitate learning about smart home technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]