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In various fields of computer science the word meaning has been explored. In various fields such as Smart Environment, Distributed Computing and Contextual Consciousness, context conscious devices are in popularity. Context Aware System is the new path towards the technology in Mobile Computing. This is a portable computing component where mobile apps can detect spatial data (e.g. User Place, Period of Day, nearby people, locations and user activities). Now in the era of Mobile Computing, recently we have seen the new developments in Apple iPhone-5 and Samsung Galaxy Note where they have application of Context aware System but it is not that what we call a "Killer App". Context conscious System is an old field but a rich field of research. In this paper, the difficulties and possible solutions are discussed which can serve as guidance to the developer or a researcher hoping to make an efficient Context Aware System a reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bitcoin in the last decade, has become increasingly popular as a form of electronic currency. This paper aims to review the status and visual map position of research in the internationally Bitcoin studies indexed Scopus that used a bibliometric positioning overview. The research was carried out using bibliometric techniques. Data analysis as well as visualization utilizing VOS Viewer program and the Scopus function for analyze search results. In this review, the details collected applied to 3,281 documents issued from 2011 through 2019. The study reveals that Bouri, E. and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Studies were the most active individual scientists and affiliated institutions in Bitcoin studies. In bitcoin studies, the Computer Science and Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes In Artificial Intelligence And Lecture Notes In Bioinformatics were the most areas of study and dissemination sources. There were one worldwide group maps with collaborative researchers. In order to identify the body of knowledge created from eight years of publication, this study constructed a convergence axis grouping comprising of bitcoin studies: Bitcoin, E-Finance, Blockchain, Privacy, Cybercrime, Computation, and Systems, abbreviated as the theme BFBPCCS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of this paper focuses on the area of testing university students while using tools of artificial intelligence. The sample set of students were students of the third year of bachelor studies of Applied Informatics and the test was focused on testing English: grammar, vocabulary, IT English. The introductory part describes current possible ways of testing students, mainly in paper- or computer-based tests. The paper-based method is the traditional one while the computer-based one can take advantage of modern tools of artificial intelligence, such as expert systems and neural networks. The core of this paper lies in the comparison of the results that are acquired from paper-based and computer-based testing which uses artificial intelligence tools. The final part envisages the most optimal ways of testing university students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtual reality (VR) has grown and become more prevalent as technology advances. However, there is a smaller amount of study focusing on the functionality of VR applications in mental health. Therefore, to close the gap, research has been conducted with the aim of reviewing the functionality of VR applications for mental health. The research has performed a systematic literature review (SLR) to investigate the growth of VR applications for mental health. Three significant databases in computer science were involved in the search process, specifically, Scopus, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and World of Science (WoS). The result indicates seventy-six papers (76) in three databases. The research analyzed the papers, and the result suggested reviewing four papers. The result also shows that the functionality of virtual reality (VR) applications for mental health is beneficial to the medical sector. However, less research has been conducted specifically on the application functionality. We believe there will be more research on the field in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computational Thinking (CT) is an important skill to master in the 21st century. There are several ways that are believed to be able to improve students' CT skills, one of which is the use of block-based programming. Thinking concepts in CT include problem-solving, systems design, and understanding human behavior in terms of basic computer science concepts. Block-based programming is relatively easy to teach because the interface is easier to use, uses natural language, can perform block searches and uses drag and drop interactions. Given the importance of CT skills for students as well as some of the conveniences offered by using block-based programming, it is surprising that this topic has not been explored much. This paper provides a review on 20 papers with a systematic review method, which provides evidence of the influence of block-based programming to computational thinking skills. This systematic review has adopted Chitu Okoli and Kira Schabram framework as the premise for defining and identifying the influence of block-based programming to computational thinking skills. The main findings in this paper is used of block-based programming can affect some of students CT skills through several different delivery methods but there are still some different opinions about the effect on students problem-solving abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From numerous sources, a vast volume of text data has been developing daily. This enormous volume of data contains crucial knowledge and information that must be skillfully condensed to be usable. In this era of digitalization, vast information is available to us, which are being uploaded online from all over the world in the form of the web pages, and social media etc. To expand quick knowledge from this massive content, the summary of text can help understand the concept fast. Whenever we talk about the text summarization in research article or paper, we must be aware that this colossal amount of data can be generic or scientific and with this we will have an astronomical number of publications. There would be great support to the researchers if the approach of automatically summarization were applied on the scientific articles to increase the speed of understanding. Due of its applicability in numerous fields, automatic summarization of natural language is a prominent academic and industrial focus in computer science. While doing text summarization the essence or the context of the text remains same this could be the primary requirement. It is due to the high usage of Internet as a medium text summarization is developed as an outstanding tool for interpreting text information. Extraction of important information from the source text material is known as text summarization. In this procedure, the extracted data is produced as a concise report and sent to the user as a succinct summary. Broadly text summarization is classified into two methods extractive and abstractive techniques for summarization. Defining a rank from the text file based on the word and features of the sentence, collate them to develop a summary where feature of sentences will be notified based on the statistical and linguistic trait, which we name as extractive summarization method. In other case first we have to understand the details and main points of the documents, after which we need to define these concept in terms of natural language is defined as Abstractive Summarization method. This paper will give you the comparative study of various Abstractive Summarization methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cloud computing refers to the on-demand distribution of the applications to storage facilities and computing services over a network through any browser to the users or an organization. And the companies that distribute these services are called CSPs (Cloud Service Providers). The idea of cloud computing is with us as back as the 1960s and over the decades' cloud computing has shown substantial growth especially in past few years and has revolutionized the field of computer science. Having the potential to severely cut down the cost of purchasing and maintaining IT infrastructures, it has been extremely useful for small businesses, banking, educational establishments, and healthcare institutes. This paper focuses on highlighting the benefits of various types of cloud computing along with its definition, how it has evolved and its advancement over the decades with changing needs of the world, and its application in above mentioned sectors furthermore paper will be discoursing the growth and future of the cloud computing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

WeChat is the most popular social media in the world, especially in China. There is no overview of publications in the area of WeChat Research which shows the big picture using data from all countries. This paper aims to review the status and visual map position of WeChat publication indexed by Scopus used a Bibliometric. The research was carried out using Bibliometric techniques. Data analysis as well as visualization utilizing VOS Viewer program and the Scopus function for analyze search results. In this review, the details collected applied to 1.264 documents issued from 2012 through 2019. The study reveals that He, L. and Sun Yat-Sen University were the most active individual scientists and affiliated institutions in WeChat Research. In WeChat Research, the Computer Science and Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes In Bioinformatics were the most areas of study and dissemination sources. There were three worldwide group maps with collaborative researchers. In order to identify the body of knowledge created from seven years of publication, this study constructed a convergence axis grouping comprising of WeChat Research: Social Networking, Education, Human, Article, WeChat. abbreviated as the SEHAW theme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fintech is quite important in a company. This paper aims to review the status and visual map position of research in the internationally Fintech publication indexed Scopus that used a bibliometric perspective. The research was carried out using bibliometric techniques. Data analysis as well as visualization utilizing VOS Viewer program and the Scopus function for analyze search results. In this review, the details collected applied to 745 documents issued from 1984 to 2019. The study reveal that Lee Kuo Chuen and Bina Nusantara University were the most active individual scientists and affiliated institutions in Fintech publication. In Fintech the Computer Science and Economist United Kingdom were the most areas of study and dissemination sources. There were three worldwide group maps with collaborative researchers. In order to identify the body of knowledge created from thirty-five years of publication, this study constructed a convergence axis grouping comprising of Fintech publication: Blockchain, Innovation, Big data, China, Sales, Insurance, Computers, and Cryptocurrencies, abbreviated as BIBCSICC themes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will discuss the applications of Bayes' Rule and Bayesian Classifiers in Cybersecurity. While the most elementary form of Bayes' rule occurs in undergraduate coursework, there are more complicated forms as well. As an extended example, Bayesian spam filtering is explored, and is in many ways the most triumphant accomplishment of Bayesian reasoning in computer science, as nearly everyone with an email address has a spam folder. Bayesian Classifiers have also been responsible significant cybersecurity research results; yet, because they are not part of the standard curriculum, few in the mathematics or information-technology communities have seen the exact definitions, requirements, and proofs that comprise the subject. Moreover, numerous errors have been made by researchers (described in this paper), due to some mathematical misunderstandings dealing with conditional independence, or other badly chosen assumptions. Finally, to provide instructors and researchers with real-world examples, 25 published cybersecurity papers that use Bayesian reasoning are given, with 2-4 sentence summaries of the focus and contributions of each paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the recent few years, ICT Tools are popular in education to increase student's knowledge and interest. There is still lack of awareness of what kind tools are available. This paper presents a review of some applications/tools used for educational purposes and to improve student's educational growth and knowledge especially for computer engineering students. In this digital world, tools like animation, polls, quizzes, etc. are very amazing thing to include as part of subject activity. We wrote in this paper about different ICT tools along with their pros and cons to help faculties to decide the type of tool they can embed with their teaching learning methodologies according to their subject need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent world data analytics is more popular term in the field of computer science. The paper focuses on the compressive survey of various data analysis tools to connect with the people by just reading their data. Some of the most popular data analysis tools have been chosen, and a comparison has been made based on some key parameters to determine the best tool in the data science industry. Scenes can uses a huge collection of data information to analyze, predict, and deliver information such as the whole determined by various countries, HEIs, government, universities, and schools. In this paper data analytics tools has taken in account with the consideration of different parameter as Cost, data handling capabilities, graphical capabilities, big data, and other considerations. Comparative study has been made using own experiences on various data analysis tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Now a day's software reengineering plays a great role in the industry of computer science. There are a lot of different companies that runs different type of software's but most of them have old/legacy software systems. These systems need some improvements and reconstruct, but if we develop a new system for the specific company then that is much expensive, and a lot of risk involve in it. These different situations face, we are reengineering the software based on customer requirements and time demand, that is much helpful and low expensive. In this paper, we review different relevant papers and describe it in a definite way and show it that after software reengineering, software system will be more stable and reliable. In this also discuss the overall software reengineering process and their different interrelated steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Text-to-Image Synthesis is the method of creating occurrences (images, animation) from a given text depiction. The text depiction is additionally combined, utilizing the discourse of the client. Image synthesizing has consistently been an eye-catching business sector for nearly ten years now. Blending pictures dependent on the depiction given by the client will be more client-driven than more frameworks created, which causes individuals to comprehend the impression of others. Text-to-picture Synthesis is utilized to create fake countenances - producing counterfeit faces that look practically indistinguishable from genuine individuals - Coloring pictures, MRI image reconstruction, and crime scene visualization. In this paper, we review the technique for text-to-picture Synthesis and its applications in different fields. These regions incorporate medical applications, Forensics applications, and cultural applications. Our work centers around giving a synopsis on quite possibly the most exceptionally encouraging areas of Computer Science for people and organizations keen on making an ideal world. We envision our review to acquire more significant and better applications contributing to the advancement of humankind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, mathematical modeling has played a key role in many life applications such as computer science, physics, chemistry, and genetics. Actually, in this paper, our focus is on the classifications and the importance of mathematical programming and its applications in health problems especially the Mathematical Modeling of COVID_19. According to the era of the Corona pandemic, it has been using mathematical equations to employ mathematical programming in epidemics and the mechanism of spreading in urban areas. The solution of the problem is presented in two directions; the first was by graphic representation and the other by using computational software via the Python language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Twenty-first century is the era of globalization and digitization. Nowadays, internet rules every aspect of life. Today, human life and activities are not limited to a society or locality. By means of social networking and service oriented architecture each and every emotion and action is computerized. Therefore, data security and privacy preservation need ultimate priority and attention. Cryptography is the part of computer science which deals with information security. Diverse cryptographic methodologies are available for different media. Ensuring and enhancing security of text data is of utmost importance, as, majority of online communication still happens via text media. The method of transforming original text into unintelligible cipher text before sending it through insecure channel is called encryption and the reverse process is decryption. Modern day encryption is broadly classified into two categories – Symmetric key or private key cryptography and Asymmetric key or public key cryptography. This paper presents a detail survey on symmetric key cryptography, where same key is used for both encryption and decryption. All available private key encryption methods have been properly reviewed and analyzed, enlisting their advantages and limitations over each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information is most valuable asset these days and required in all the areas and sectors. There are many subjects which are associated with information but among these most valuable and important is Information Science. Information Science is deals with the studies, reaching and research in the field of information and content. Initially only Information Science considered as important nomenclature for information solution and gradually it is also considered as a field for technological solutions as well. It is treated as broader than some of the fields viz. Computer Science, Information Technology as information management, further Information Science also considered as an interdisciplinary field of study. This field gradually becomes important and common in other subjects and sector. Therefore it is dedicated in development of other domain specific Information Science viz. Health Information Science, Geo Information Science etc. Information Science applications in the entire domain and fields are also noticeable viz. in the social sciences, physical sciences, bio sciences and so on. The rapid developments of Computer and similar technologies have started a new edge in existing Information Science field for its activities. The rapid growth of different technologies, methods, systems etc. aided Information Science and with other nomenclature. This Paper is talks about the background of Information Science including advancement of the field empowered by IT and Computing. Paper is also talks about the emergence of Information Science in Physical Sciences i.e. Physical Information Science with reference to the Quantum Informatics, Chemo Informatics, Geo Informatics, Environmental Informatics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the special type of syntax highlighting which is powered by combination of DEMO methodology (Design & Engineering Methodology for Organizations), BDD technique (Behaviour-Driven Development). Main contribution of this paper is the idea how to highlight business relevant code in IDEs (Integrated Development Environments) and notice a developer about the fact that important part of code base is edited. The proposal of the implementation encounters usage of code coverage technique and user stories derived upon DEMO methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the new hot trend in computer science and information technology. IoT devices collect different types of data through a diversity of sensors. Today IoT data is very much valuable. There are two types of data transmission requirements - real-time or batch. Usually, the IoT data is unstructured and the IoT devices from different manufacturers format the data in different ways. This should be considered when the data is received in the cloud to transform it into a unified format to facilitate its further storage, processing, and analysis. A very important concern is to maintain data integrity and ensure security while transmitting the IoT data. The main challenge is how to store and transmit the collected information to achieve data aggregation. The current paper summarizes the challenges involved in the process of collection and transmission of IoT data. Specific approaches are proposed to address some of the communications challenges involved in the process of transmitting the collected information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the analysis results of scientometric data of modern Russian research in Computer science to form and evaluate thematic trends, as well as determine their position relative to the trends of world scientific publications. The study is based on the methods of scientometric analysis of bibliographic data to reveal the thematic distribution of scientific publications, including in retrospect. The bibliographic database of the scientific electronic library eLIBRARY.Ru, the Scopus database, as well as the annual reports "Research fronts" published by Clarivate Analytics were used as data sources. In the course of the study, an examination of scientific publications was carried out, and internal research fronts were identified. A conclusion is drawn about the catching-up position of Russian research in the field of Computer sciences, and an assumption is made about the thematic areas that will be relevant in Russia in the coming years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) is a branches of computer science applications that develop system-related tasks performed by programs and mathematical algorithms providing computers able to learn with or without human intervention. The perspective of AI and ML includes looking at exceptionally expansive space if conceivable speculations to decide one that best fits with the watched information and any earlier information held by the learner for this purpose so many algorithms are used in different types. Artificial intelligence is something that will produce our lives easier by performing different high-level computations and understanding complex issues. This can be a straightforward definition of what precisely artificial intelligence has done. The paper presents the supporting ability of artificial intelligence and machine learning in different applications, such as education, smartphones, medical care, and space technologies. However, this review studies the present status of machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence technologies applied to the above technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Face detection is the most popular area of research in the vision of computer science, this paper reviews the function of automatic face recognition and search on video flow from observing cameras in open or business locations. It is critical detection of the people when looking, for example, exhibitions, public spaces inside buildings, and shopping malls. Web cameras were used for face recognition and tracking in the prototype, which was developed on open-source boards Arduino Uno and Processing with Open CV. This framework can be used for security purposes, such as tracing the visitor's face and detecting and tracking it. Using Open CV, a software web camera. From using proposed method, found which time taken to find the face was fewer than 0.5 s that processes of proposed method will usages the real time purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper aims to shed light on the effectiveness of using cutting-edge technologies, namely Quizlet, to enhance vocabulary learning. The case study focuses on the first-year Computer Science students (n=121) who were tested on some less frequently used lexis of A2 and B1 levels. Some of them were then taught these vocabulary units as well as some extra ones using the mobile application and the online platform Quizlet in order to be re-tested later, whereas the other half was simply given a list of these new words and expressions to learn on their own. Consequently, there are three stages in this experiment. The choice of this platform for these learners can be accounted for by the fact that Computer Science students are likely to get most of the information in the digital format and thus such an application is bound to enhance their learning experience. The results and conclusions have been made based not only on the second testing of the respondents but also on their own accounts of the degree of their satisfaction with the learning methods offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of Theoretical Computer Science and Molecular Biology, Combinatorics on words has contributed a lot and has a wide range of applications in cancer cell detection, pattern matching and fractal geometry. Motivated by the concept of word graphs, in this paper, construction of a Generalized k−Modulo Graph and Generalized Complement of k−Modulo Graph are initiated. Subgraph properties are analysed and also adjacency matrix is discussed. Finally, Spectrum of graphs are calculated and a comparative relation is shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graph theory can be said as one of the branches of applied mathematics that is currently developing. A problem can be explained in detail by simplifying it with graph theory. This paper concerns with graphs that are used in everyday life as a network system to describe parts of a structure in order to make it simpler and easier to understand. The network flow system is then applied in many disciplines, including applied mathematics, computer science, operations research, management, and engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to provide an understanding of the basis for conducting a research with output in the form of scientific publications. A study, from proposal to scientific works, requires a research methodology. Many studies have been carried out on methodology, but few have returned according to the demands of the digitalization era. A methodology is in a fundamental position, also in computer science. The methodology familiarizes phenomena and paradigms with which objectives as interpretations of the problem formulation can be delivered to the target or outcome. That are, from concept until theory, the implication only, or as application of computer science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

‘Machine Consciousness’, which some years ago might have been suppressed as an inappropriate pursuit, has come out of the closet and is now a legitimate area of research concern. This paper briefly surveys the last few years of worldwide research in this area which divides into rule-based and neural approaches and then reviews the work of the author’s laboratory during the last ten years. The paper develops a fresh perspective on this work: it is argued that neural approaches, in this case, digital neural systems, can address phenomenological consciousness. Important clarifications of phenomenology and virtuality which enter this modelling are explained in the early parts of the paper. In neural models, phenomenology is a form of depictive inner representation that has five specific axiomatic features: a sense of self-presence in an external world; a sense of imagination of past experience and fiction; a sense of attention; a capacity for planning; a sense of emotion-based volition that influences planning. It is shown that these five features have separate but integrated support in dynamic neural systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is devoted to identification of indeterminacies related with the construction and operation of NoSQL databases and which have a significant impact on the querying possibilities. The problematic issue of NoSQL databases has been selected for its turbulent development of this type of data sources, which are characterised by their diverse architecture, and frequently vague structure of the stored records and, last but not least, a distributed character of this data source. The objective is to identify potential occurrence of indeterminacies and to propose a model which will work with these indeterminacies effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an effort to incorporate assessment of manually assessed aspects in an automated code assessment process. Fully automated code assessment has its drawbacks which makes manual assessment of some aspects of student solutions a necessity. In most situations during the assessment of code written by students the most appropriate approach would thus be splitting the process in two phases - automatic plus manual. This might result in two completely distinct procedures for each of the phases. The solution proposed in this paper tries to join these procedures into one uniform process keeping the benefits from each. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The operation of insertion has been studied extensively throughout the years for its impact in many areas of theoretical computer science such as DNA computing. First introduced as a generalization of the concatenation operation, many variants of insertion have been introduced, each with their own computational properties. In this paper, we introduce a new variant that enables the generation of some special types of groups called sequential insertion systems with interactions. We show that these new systems are able to generate all finite cyclic and dihedral groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about several papers discussed at a symposium on "Modern electronic structure theory and its applications" that was held in honor of Rodney J. Bartlett is presented. Topics include, computer science and computational chemistry, cutting-edge applications of computational chemistry to structure determination and radiation damage and interatomic decay processes. Mechanisms of nucleotidyl transfer and electron momentum spectroscopy were also discussed.

This paper discuss about the role of Decision Support Tool in Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) for helping the researchers who doing research in same area will get the better result from the proposed algorithm. A study has been conducted and Rapid Application Development (RAD) model has been use as a methodology which includes requirement planning, user design, construction and cutover. Water Flow Algorithm (WFA) with initialization technique improvement is used as the proposed algorithm in this study for evaluating effectiveness against TSP cases. For DST evaluation will go through usability testing conducted on system use, quality of information, quality of interface and overall satisfaction. Evaluation is needed for determine whether this tool can assists user in making a decision to solve TSP problems with the proposed algorithm or not. Some statistical result shown the ability of this tool in term of helping researchers to conduct the experiments on the WFA with improvements TSP initialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our approach, the machine mind is the applicative dynamic system represented by its algorithmically evolvable internal language. By other words, the mind and the language of mind are synonyms. Coming out from Shaumyan's semiotic theory of languages, we present the representation of language concepts in the machine mind as a result of our experiment, to show non-redundancy of the language of mind. To provide useful restriction for further research, we also introduce the hypothesis of semantic saturation in Computer-Computer communication, which indicates that a set of machines is not self-evolvable. The goal of our research is to increase the abstraction of Human-Computer and Computer-Computer communication. If we want humans and machines comunicate as a parent with the child, using different symbols and media, we must find the language of mind commonly usable by both machines and humans. In our opinion, there exist a kind of calm language of thinking, which we try to propose for machines in this paper. We separate the layers of a machine mind, we present the structure of the evolved mind and we discuss the selected properties. We are concentrating on the representation of symbolized concepts in the mind, that are languages, not just grammars, since they have meaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

WebOS (Web based operating system) is a new form of Operating Systems. You can use your desktop as a virtual desktop on the web, accessible via a browser, with multiple integrated built-in applications that allow the user to easily manage and organize her data from any location. Desktop on web can be named as WEBtop. This paper starts with a introduction of WebOS and its benefits. For this paper, We have reviewed some most interesting WebOS available nowadays and tried to provide a detailed description of their features. We have identified some parameters as comparison criteria among them. A technical review is given with research design and future goals to design better web based operating systems is a part of this study. Findings of the study conclude this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the different conceptual and philosophical approaches towards the sciences of life operating in the backstage of Early Cybernetics. After a short reconstruction of the main steps characterizing the origins of Cybernetics, from 1940 until 1948, the paper examines the complementary conceptual views between Norbert Wiener and John von Neumann, as a “fuzzy thinking” versus a “logical thinking”, and the marked difference between the “methodological individualism” shared by both of them versus the “methodological collectivism” of most of the numerous scientists of life and society attending the Macy Conferences on Cybernetics. The main thesis sustained here is that these different approaches, quite invisible to the participants, were different, maybe even opposite, but they could provoke clashes, as well as cooperate in a synergic way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently in Slovakia, there is a strong need to attract more students for their future career in IT or science and technology. The motivation towards these subjects is an important issue at all levels of education and isin the main focus of the national project IT academy. One of its goals at upper secondary level is the introduction of classes with focus on informatics where teaching informatics and science is strengthened a great deal. Except from extra lessons on informatics a new interdisciplinary subject Informatics in science and mathematics is designed. Its main goal is to show interesting problems that can be solved using informatics concepts. For the physics part, we have designed teaching and learning materials on the concept of modeling. Developing models in the physics research cannot be conducted without knowledge of coding in a programming environment. Our main goal is to show students a similar modeling approach on situations that are simple and understandable to them. Students proceed similar way as researchers do, i.e. they get a problem, develop a model, manipulate with it, test the model and improve it to get better correspondence with experimental results. The modeling is conducted in dynamical modeling software where variables are represented by icons that can be a first step to coding in professional programming environment. In the paper we introduce a set of modeling activities designed for the purpose of the presented teaching subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agent-based modelling (ABM) can be used as a computational tool to model human routing behaviour, and offers particular promise when combined with insights from cognitive science. In this paper, we introduce typical errors into the encoding of the agents mental representation of the environment. This method deviates from the classical computer science paradigm of optimality to capture human behaviour more accurately. By incorporating common distance and direction estimation errors, our model produces routes with fewer computational artefacts such as zigzagging (i.e., turning more often than the typical human) and bottlenecks (i.e., routing through one particular node that maximises efficiency).We demonstrate our results in regular and irregular environments and validate our model using a set of real-world footfall data from Westminster, London. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]