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Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis summarize current knowledge on emotional change processes and mechanisms and their relationship with outcomes in psychotherapy. Method: We reviewed the main change processes and mechanisms in the literature and conducted meta-analyses of process/mechanism–outcome associations whenever methodologically feasible. Results: A total of 121 studies, based on 92 unique samples, met criteria for inclusion. Of these, 85 studies could be subjected to meta-analysis. The emotional change processes and mechanisms most robustly related to improvement were fear habituation across sessions in exposure-based treatment of anxiety disorders (r =.38), experiencing in psychotherapy for depression (r =.44), and emotion regulation in psychotherapies for patients with various anxiety disorders (r =.37). Common methodological problems were that studies often did not ascertain representative estimates of the processes under investigation, determine if changes in processes and mechanisms temporally preceded outcomes, disentangle effects at the within- and between-client levels, or assess contributions of therapists and clients to a given process. Conclusions: The present study has identified a number of emotional processes and mechanisms associated with outcome in psychotherapy, most notably fear habituation, emotion regulation, and experiencing. A common denominator between these appears to be the habitual reorganization of maladaptive emotional perception. We view this as a central pan-theoretical change mechanism, the essence of which appears to be increased differentiation between external triggers and one's own affective responses, which facilitates tolerance for affective arousals and leads to improved capacity for adaptive meaning-making in emotion-eliciting situations. What is the public health significance of this article?: This review demonstrates that helping clients differentiate between emotion-eliciting stimuli and their associated affective responses is essential across theoretical approaches. Increased affective differentiation presumably leads to reorganization of perceptual processes, improves tolerance of emotional activation, and fosters openness to the informational value of emotions, thus leading to therapeutic improvement. Findings also indicate that psychotherapy models focusing on emotional processes would profit from more systematically differentiating between different emotions (e.g., anxiety, sadness, anger, contempt, disgust, shame, guilt, interest, joy, and tenderness) and more explicitly focusing on helping clients adaptively express such emotions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Both PWFS and PWE experience elevated levels of shame and MHDs. • Shame aversion predicted anxiety and depression in both groups. • Perceived socioeconomic status was a significant predictor of MHDs and seizure frequency. • Care providers should offer psychological assessment and treatment for PWFS and PWE. • A bio-psycho-social approach should be applied to the treatment of patients with seizures. Shame, a complex social emotion, may play a clinically important role in seizure disorders. Therefore, this study examined levels of shame aversion & shame proneness and their relationship with various mental health difficulties (MHDs), and seizure frequency & severity in people with functional seizures (PWFS) and epilepsy (PWE). In this cross-sectional study, PWFS (N = 68) and PWE (N = 70) were recruited through a neurology clinic and charities, completed online self-reported measures of shame proneness & aversion, seizure frequency & severity, depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms, and perceived socioeconomic status (PSS). Data analyses involved t -tests, correlations, and moderated regression analyses. Both PWFS and PWE showed high and equivalent levels of shame aversion & proneness; mean levels of these measures were more than a standard deviation higher in PWFS and PWE, than in non-clinical populations of previous studies. Both groups had clinically high levels of depression and somatic symptoms, but not anxiety, with PWFS having significantly higher levels than PWE. Shame aversion predicted anxiety and depression in both groups, even after controlling for PSS, age, and gender. Interestingly, PSS, a demographic control variable, significantly predicted depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms, and seizure frequency in both groups. We observed high levels of shame and MHDs in PWFS and PWE. Shame aversion predicted anxiety and depression in both groups, even after controlling for demographic variables. Our findings underline the significant role of shame in people with seizures, despite the differences between PWFS and PWE being smaller than expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Medication errors in health care are prevalent. Nurses play an important role in reporting; however errors remain underreported in incident reporting systems. Understanding the perspective of nurses will inform strategies to improve reporting and build systems to reduce errors. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore nurses' perceptions and attitudes of medication error reporting practices. Methods: This qualitative study used direct content analysis to analyze interview sessions with 21 total nurses. Results: Participant's description of medication error reporting practices fell into 2 themes. Internal factors described circumstances within nurses themselves that affect reporting. External factors described outside influences from processes or places. Conclusions: Medication error reporting is a multidimensional phenomenon with internal and external factors impacting nurses' attitudes and willingness to report errors. Nurses need support from leadership to understand that reporting medication errors can improve practice and impact patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of the Colombian Society of Psychoanalysis / Revista de la Sociedad Colombiana de Psicoanálisis is the property of Sociedad Colombiana de Psicoanalisis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of the Colombian Society of Psychoanalysis / Revista de la Sociedad Colombiana de Psicoanálisis is the property of Sociedad Colombiana de Psicoanalisis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of the Colombian Society of Psychoanalysis / Revista de la Sociedad Colombiana de Psicoanálisis is the property of Sociedad Colombiana de Psicoanalisis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Soul Injury is defined as a wound that separates a person from their real self, caused by unmourned loss and hurt, unforgiven guilt and shame, and fear of helplessness or loss of control. Tools and interventions have been developed to guide people impacted by Soul Injury. This study assessed the effectiveness of 12 tools and interventions provided during a 4-day Soul Injury Leadership Institute. This 2-part investigation included an online survey of participants who had attended a 4-day Institute training and a post-Institute narrative inquiry conducted as virtual structured interviews. Ninety-one professionals completed the online survey, which inquired about the impact of specific Soul Injury tools and interventions on the respondents' personal and professional life. The Anchor Your Heart tool was the most frequently used tool and had the most enduring utilization across time and settings. Qualitative data collected in virtual interviews with 15 volunteers demonstrated the power of the Write/Tell Your Story technique in which storied narratives permit an individual to integrate powerful experiences such as traumatic events, serious illness, and even death, providing further validation that Soul Injury is an important human phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I explore the ways that educators can nurture transformative learning for adult students by engaging emotions, particularly shame. I discuss how shame mitigates adult student experiences, successes, and failures in higher education, and how a relational pedagogy of vulnerability can support adult learners. This approach not only helps adult learners but reifies liberatory education for students and teachers alike, challenging hegemonic norms in higher education that often limit and exclude adult learners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While research is emerging on how the emotional state of voice users can impact voice quality and production, the emotion of shame has been underrepresented in that research. This paper examines what research currently exists regarding shame and offers future directions for future research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a historical overview of the development of rock 'n' roll music in Chicago during the 1950s. It emphasizes the contributions of artists such as Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, and Delores LaVern Baker, as well as record labels like Chess, Vee-Jay, and Mercury. The text also discusses the role of African American deejays in popularizing rhythm and blues music, the crossover appeal of rock 'n' roll to white audiences, and the economic factors that contributed to the genre's success. It highlights the challenges faced by Chicago-based musicians in the music industry and the opposition to rock 'n' roll from some members of the community. Despite these obstacles, Chicago played a significant role in shaping rock 'n' roll, with its diverse music scene and the efforts of entrepreneurs and deejays contributing to a musical revolution. [Extracted from the article]

Women' s health-related human rights are contested. Beyond the recent pushbacks on abortion rights, more subtle developments are discernable. This paper dissects one case study illustrating how professional self-regulation in pharmaceutical law can undermine equal access to emergency contraception (EC). In Switzerland, around 100,000 "morning after" pills are sold through pharmacies per year. Empirical evidence demonstrates how traumatic or shameful the experience can be for women. Because if regulation was liberalized in 2002 and EC has since been available without a doctor' s prescription, access remains subject to strict professional gatekeeping. Women must undergo a compulsory interview with a pharmacist in a pharmacy backroom. They must indicate their contact details, answer an intrusive questionnaire archived for twenty years, receive information about sexually transmitted diseases, and bear the costs. Prices for EC vary and peak in the evening and on weekends. The exceptionalism of access to EC, despite formal legal liberalization, highlights gender bias and perpetuates shame and stigma surrounding women's sexually active behavior. Switzerland's normative position on access to contraception is based on individual responsibility and formal equality. Every woman is responsible for avoiding unwanted pregnancy, and access to EC is guaranteed since it is available in all pharmacies. In reality, access obstacles created by EC dispensing mechanisms result in intersectional inequalities, depending on women's age, socio-economic background, and migration status. This paper critically deconstructs the intricate intertwining of a liberal focus on individual responsibility and the disciplining power mechanisms of professional gatekeepers affecting female bodies and choices. Going beyond the personal and the political, it demonstrates how backsliding on sexual and reproductive rights can happen through the backdoor of professional self-regulation. Finally, this paper focuses on a substantive concept of equality for realizing women's health-related human rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the concept of dismissing blame as a response to being blamed. It distinguishes dismissing blame from accepting or rejecting blame, stating that dismissing blame is an indirect response that involves refusing to engage with the blamer about the supposed wrongdoing. The author argues that understanding what it means to dismiss blame is important for discussions on the ethics of blame and the legitimacy of dismissing blame. The article proposes that dismissing blame involves dismissing the demand for a second-personal expression of remorse to the blamer. The text also discusses different responses to blame, such as apologizing and feeling guilty, and suggests that these responses should be motivated by ordinary moral reasons rather than by the blame itself. The text explores the role of the blamer's standing in issuing demands and suggests that blame can be dismissed when the blamer lacks standing, such as when they are guilty of the same wrongdoing or when the norm violation is none of their business. The text also discusses dismissing blame in cases where the wrongdoing is within a private relationship or sphere of privacy, arguing that blame involves a demand for a second-personal expression of remorse and dismissing blame is warranted when the blamer is not part of the relevant moral fold. The text acknowledges that there is much more to explore on the topics of hypocritical blame and meddlesome blame. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Mothers report feeling immense pressure to breastfeed their infants, and not doing so can be associated with stigma, shame, and judgment. Many Latina mothers struggle to meet their breastfeeding goals and substitute formula earlier than planned. During 2022, an infant formula recall caused a shortage and made acquiring formula difficult or impossible in many areas of the United States. This study explores Latina mothers' experiences with infant feeding during the time of the formula shortage. Methods: In-depth interviews (N = 7) were conducted with Latina mothers who formula-fed during the shortage. Interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Mean maternal age was 29.7 years, and mean infant age was 10.3 months. Three mothers were born in the United States, and 4 were immigrants. Results: Thematic analysis generated 3 themes: (1) Fighting to breastfeed; (2) Breastfeeding is not the only way to be a "good" mother; and (3) No formula on the shelves. Participants described their determination to continue breastfeeding despite challenges before realizing that it limited their ability to care for their children. They discussed the emotional toll of the formula shortage and strategies for finding formula. Conclusions: The findings emphasize the need for additional structural support for infant feeding in the United States to prevent future formula shortages and for better lactation care and mental health support for mothers who want to breastfeed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People with severe or long-term mental illness (SMI) have poorer oral health than the general population has, but little is known about how, to what extent, and in what ways oral health problems affect daily functioning, quality of life and well-being among people in this patient group. The present study investigated oral health and oral health-related quality of life for persons with SMI in Norway. The longitudinal clinical study targeted SMI patients with their age- and gender-matched control patients at a public dental clinic in Norway. SMI patients were recruited from an ambulatory team within community mental health services. Clinical examinations followed the WHO criteria. We used a validated Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP) instrument to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The prevalence of oral impact (OIDP > 0) was 77% among SMI patients and 22% among the controls. More than 60% of the SMI patients reported difficulties showing their teeth without embarrassment, compared to 5.5% of the controls. The results suggest that shame is a key factor inhibiting patients faced with the need for dental treatment. Collaboration between dental and mental health professionals is therefore essential for this patient group to enjoy dignified oral health and quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shame is a silent epidemic that influences the health of our clients and the counselors who serve them. Using the tenets of phenomenology, researchers explored the experiences of students participating in a counseling course created to infuse shame resilience into the curriculum. Results and implications for future research are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the author's experience as a teacher, particularly their challenging interactions with a disruptive student named Andrew. Topics include the teacher's initial struggles in managing Andrew's behavior, the conventional advice to use punitive measures, and the author's evolving vision for a classroom that is both safe and anti-carceral, borrowing insights from abolitionists and mental health professionals to create a more humane and supportive educational environment.

Copyright of Ideas y Valores is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The SAAD Digest CPD questions 2023 - the answers provides answers to multiple-choice questions related to various topics in dental care. The questions cover subjects such as the impact of misophonia on dental care, COVID-19 vaccination and dental sedation, pain and anxiety management in pregnant dental patients, and the use of dexmedetomidine as an alternative medication in children with autism. The document also includes information on the use of Amsed for conscious sedation in adults with learning disabilities, referrals for treatment with additional pharmacological support in children, and complications and outcomes associated with midazolam conscious sedation. The summary provides a brief overview of the topics covered in the document, allowing library patrons to determine if they want to explore the full text further. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose The aim of this study was two-fold: 1) to focus on qualitative studies in which data on adolescent women's psychosocial challenges related to their menstruation were collected and 2) to conduct a scoping review the literature in different countries to identify adolescent women's challenges through their experiences of menarche and menstruation. Methods We conducted a search for qualitative studies published after 2000 on challenges related to menstruation for adolescent women in November 2021 on PubMed and the NPO Japan Medical Abstracts Society database (Ichushi-Web). We extracted categories and raw data from each of the included studies. We then compared and re-categorized the interpretations and raw data or codes of each study (registered: UMIN000048385). Results The re-categorization resulted in four categories and 14 subcategories--four subcategories under Individual Challenges: (a) impact of physical changes, (b) impact of psychological changes, (c) access to information and education on menstruation, and (d) knowledge and perception of menstruation; six subcategories under Social Challenges: (a) social prejudice, (b) feeling of shame, (c) taboo of menstruation, (d) restrictions on social life, (e) religious challenges, and (f ) interaction with others who have experienced menstruation; two subcategories under Family-level Challenges: (a) relationship with mother and (b) relationship with family and guardians, including mother; and two subcategories under Lack of Access to Resources: (a) fragility of infrastructure and (b) lack of privacy. Conclusion This study revealed that adolescent women undergo diverse experiences and face various challenges when it comes to menarche and menstruation. The results can help understand adolescent women's menstrual experiences and the factors that should be considered to improve reproductive health. The results also indicate the need to ensure that all women have access to accurate information, appropriate menstrual management, psychological support to view menstruation positively, and the necessary menstrual resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most critics read Love and Vertigo (2000) by Chinese-Australian writer Hsu-Ming Teo as a novel about diaspora and migrancy. However, the recurrent trope of maternal neonaticide has been critically neglected considering Teo's portrayal of the predicaments of two generations of mothers who either dispose of or kill their neonates. This article refutes the cultural and radical feminists' reductionist essentialization of maternal morality depicted in most literary works by probing into the ambivalence in motherhood represented by maternal neonaticide in the selected novel. Drawing on Kelly Oliver's theory of social melancholy, this article critically examines motherhood against the specific sociohistorical context, aiming to deconstruct the stigma and pathology surrounding maternal neonaticide. Oliver proposes that social melancholy stems from one's inability to mourn the lost lovable self due to the unavailability of positive representation of motherhood in the phallocentric society. Traditional maternal ethics tend to stigmatize or pathologize mothers who kill, which covers up the institutional causes for maternal neonaticide as a symptom of social melancholy. This article interprets maternal neonaticide as a manifestation of what has been suppressed by the hierarchical and phallogocentric discourses. It aims to illustrate that the fictional representation of maternal neonaticide discloses exactly the pathology in the real world that devalues women and deprives them of positive social space for sublimation. It is social melancholy that constructs passive and shameful female bodies that disempower mothers. The article concludes that despite the prevalent literary discourses that assign blame to mothers, it is more constructive to look beyond the text and examine the underlying melancholy of social oppression that internalizes the sense of shame within mothers and impedes their ability to love. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although many White social workers engage in ongoing anti-racist actions, they may still be complicit in perpetuating and reinforcing racism and White Supremacy Culture. Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) social workers, activists, and scholars have described the numerous ways in which the harmful impacts of White Supremacy Culture appear in the well-intentioned efforts of White people who seek to be anti-racist. White social workers are thus responsible for engaging in intentional ongoing practices to identify, interrupt, and shift their interpersonal oppressive uses of power in their practice. The RE/UN/DIScover heuristic is an iterative, embodied set of three practices for working with one's experiences of shame and internalized dominance, habitual not-seeing, and in-the-moment activations. Literature theorizing White Supremacy ideology and culture frames the description of the RE/UN/DIScover heuristic. This paper describes several heuristic applications, including prompts for engaging in REcover, UNcover and DIScover practices and two composite examples. These applications illustrate how to use the heuristic practices with dual awareness of self and one's social work practice in the moment and over time. White social workers are encouraged to learn and use the RE/UN/DIScover heuristic practices to guide their efforts to more fully live into their anti-racist commitments in moments of not-seeing and moments of activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spread of Western education in Bengal in the wake of British conquest of the province made the province's literati painfully aware of the contempt with which the new rulers treated them. British portrayal of India as a subjugated country passing from its Muslim conquerors to the British hurt their pride. Their ancient religion came under attack from Christian missionaries for its bigotries and social superstitions. This produced a strong reaction among its leading intellects such as Raja Rammohun Roy, Debendranath Tagore, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar, who tried to resuscitate the glory of ancient Indian civilisation by blending them with European ideas of Enlightenment and rationality. Rabindranath Tagore gave a fillip to it by arguing that Indian civilisation did not deserve to be judged by Western yardsticks as it had fixed its ideals in the assimilation of all conflicting influences from outside. India might have been invaded from the outside, but thereafter the invaders always merged with the local people and became India's own. Therein lay the greatness of Indian civilisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of shame (αἰσχύνη) plays a cardinal role in Plato's Gorgias. Plato works with this concept by dramatically influencing the characters' actions and discourses throughout the dialogue. It has the most frequent and most important position in the part in which Socrates discusses with the young Athenian politician Callicles. The study analyzes and interprets the ways in which Plato's Callicles worked with shame in his "opening speech" (482c4 - 486d1). The author focuses on the distinction between two functions of shame: (1) negative - (1.1) as an impulse to correct opinions, (1.2) as a consequence of lack of courage, (1.3) as a tool of the weak to control the "naturally strong" and (2) positive - as an instrument of discredit (Callicles' attempt to bring shame to Socrates). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are two passages in Plato's Apology with questions introduced by a verb relating to shame. In 28b, a representative of the Athenian citizens asks Socrates, if he is not ashamed to follow his philosophical occupation even when it might cost him life. Later, in 29d, it is Socrates who asks an imaginary Athenian, if he is not ashamed to care for things of illusory value and neglect those that are really important. The verb used in these two questions apparently refers to two different notions of shame: the first one is marked by fear of being disregarded by the others, the other one is an outcome of endeavour for an inner coherence. The article maps this process of internalization of shame as a transformation of the shame before others into shame relating to oneself. This change of perspective will be documented via two versions of the tale of Gyges and his magic ring (in Herodotus and in Plato). Herodotus' Gyges acts as an heteronomous agent moved by the will of others; the character in Book 2 of Plato's Republic, on the other hand, is, thanks to the power of a magic ring, autonomous and immune to the gaze of the other but acts unjustly in the end. The Socratic moral agent in this context appears to be Anti-Gyges, determined to act justly with no regard for external approval or its lack. He does not necessarily disregard shame, but his shame is based on an aesthetics of self and on his power to transform his character by means of care of the self. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to examine factors associated with maternal post-traumatic stress (PTS) and shame, including adverse childbirth and breastfeeding events, subjective childbirth and breastfeeding experiences, psychological flexibility, and self-compassion. A convenience sample of 405 community-recruited mothers of infants (<2 years) from Australia and New Zealand completed an online cross-sectional survey. A series of hierarchical multiple regressions tested potential predictors of PTS and shame. Birth experiences (low autonomy/support and high fear) predicted PTS symptoms. Negative subjective birth experiences (low autonomy/support), negative breastfeeding experiences, younger maternal age and financial stress predicted shame. Addition of psychological flexibility and self-compassion improved both regression models. Psychological flexibility predicted both PTS and shame, and moderated relationships between both fear and low autonomy/support and PTS. Self-compassion predicted shame and moderated the relationship between low autonomy/support and shame. Subjective experiences of birth and breastfeeding are important. Psychological flexibility buffers the impact of a difficult birth experience on PTS, and self-compassion on shame. • Subjective experiences of birth and breastfeeding are important. • Psychological flexibility buffered the impact of a difficult birth experience on PTS. • Self-compassion buffered the impact of a difficult birth experience on shame. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is confusion between the use of "ethnic minority tourism" and "Indigenous tourism" as concepts, both in practice as well as in tourism research. Since different tourism types occur in different communities in different geo-historical contexts, these two tourism concepts should be understood to be situated in a particular context. In order to enhance peoples' epistemological understanding of the two kinds of tourism phenomenon, this article aims to critically distinguish the concept of "ethnic minority tourism" and "Indigenous tourism" by highlighting commonalities and differences. The paradigm of critical realism, and a critical literature review method, are applied in this article. Commonly abstracted as types of "ethnic tourism," both "ethnic minority tourism" and "Indigenous tourism" can be understood as a form of interethnic interaction, a way of reconciliation and a model of community-based tourism that should emphasize local peoples' indigeneity in tourism. Differences of these two tourism types mainly exist in different official identities of local peoples. "Ethnic minority people" and "Indigenous People," as two different social identities, lead to different roles of local peoples in tourism practices and contribute to these two tourism types at different stages. For example, the understanding of Indigenous tourism has changed from "tourist-based economy" to "Indigenous-based tourism" based on the practice of Indigenous control in tourism. While ethnic minority tourism is still in the stage of "tourist-based economy," and current understandings are also at this stage. In addition, the sensitivity of the relationship between hosts and guests is different because of the colonial and intrusive experience emphasized in Indigenous identity that can make non-Indigenous tourists feel shame or guilt in a settler state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focusses on the Leicester parliamentary election of 1601 as a moment that exposed the rapid decline in the power of an aristocratic family. It analyses the various components of the third earl of Huntingdon's dominance of Leicestershire for much of Elizabeth's reign and the causes of the unravelling of this following his death in 1595. Foremost among these were the political failings of the fourth earl which destroyed the family's dynastic solidarity, forfeited religious leadership of the shire, undermined their position at court and led to a loss of influence over the county gentry and Leicester corporation. Gorge Belgrave's defiance of him in the 1601 election accentuated these faults. However, under the fifth earl, during the early Stuart period, the family recovered much of its power and authority which highlighted the political resources and advantages enjoyed by 'ancient noble' families, such as the Hastings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In neoliberal societies, our personal lives are increasingly subject to market logics. Feminism has become less a social force for critiquing sexism and violence against women and girls; rather, a consumer force in which feminist vocabulary is commodified, and the ability to extract profit from one's own bodily femininity is situated as a signifier of empowerment. In this context, women's feelings are also being commodified. Women are exhorted to perform upbeat feelings, such as confidence and resilience to help them survive in an increasingly precarious and unequal society. The transformation of negative feelings into positive ones has become a crucial way in which women can accrue social and affective value. In this article, I explore the economics of confidence in the short story 'Los Angeles' by Emma Cline, by interrogating the relationship between the protagonist's feeling performances and her fluctuating value. I trace transactions of confidence throughout the story, paying attention to how confidence changes hands, how it confers value and what happens when performances of confidence are not converted into the rewards promised by neoliberal postfeminist value systems. Confidence becomes a sticking point for other feelings, such as disappointment and shame, which highlights the fact that certain neoliberal and postfeminist promises of the 'good life' are being slowly drained of their affective potential in contemporary American culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses bell hooks's legacy and the lessons from her work, and how hooks's teachings might inform a person's praxis. Topics include how doing antiracist work in racist systems requires idealism and a little measured optimism, bell hooks's book "Teaching to Transgress," multicultural education and diversity and social justice.

Copyright of EurAmerica is the property of EurAmerica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dutch museums possess a range of early modern wager cups in the shape of pistols and cannons. Dutch drinking songs from the same period referred to acts of military violence and used these as analogies to interpret the drinking bout. The martially themed objects and texts show that men eagerly turned their drinking table into an imaginary frontline. This article argues that combat analogies allowed drinkers to evoke fear and shame, but also laughter and honour. Ultimately, they could interpret their collective drinking as an act of masculine bravery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women have been neglected and understudied in criminological study, as they have been in many other sectors of society. Women's criminal conduct is a reflection of their social and cultural status. Women mostly commit crimes in the majority of cases because they are pushed to the outskirts of society and are attempting to find the best answers to their oppressed existence. This study examines the changing nature of female criminality in India through a perception study of the criminal justice practitioners who work closely with the women offenders and the justice system. The study has used primary data, is based on social constructivist paradigm and uses a phenomenological strategy to explain the perceptions of Criminal Justice practitioners (Advocates and Police officers) working closely with the criminal justice system and female criminals. It examines the most essential elements of female crime, such as volume, dynamics, and structure, and also seeks to look into female offender's feelings of guilt; shame and remorse post lhe crime they have committed and offer solution in the form of Restorative Justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cults are a topic that is particularly misunderstood by the public. Some sociologists (Zablocki & Robbins, 2001) have complained that the people who join them are unfairly stigmatized as bizarre, potentially violent individuals in newspapers, television shows, books, and films. However, previous research (Goldberg et al., 2017) has shown that former cult members are actually vulnerable people who need help as they leave their groups and are suffering from problems such as shame, disassociation, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, and selfdestructive tendencies. This study examined whether former cult members frequently accessed media about cults and if that exposure related significantly to their symptoms of distress and well-being. It was the first of its kind to research whether the perception of biased or unfair media coverage about cults is a factor involved in survivors' well-being and included a newly developed Media Exposure Scale regarding the coverage of cults. Key findings from a sample of former cult members (N=84) indicated that the more exposure a former cult member had to media about cults, the more negative feelings they developed about themselves and their sense of well-being regarding personal growth, self-acceptance, and their relationships with other people. However, a significant relationship between media exposure and distress was not found in this sample of former members. A reason for these results regarding media consumption and well-being could be that cults have been stigmatized in the media, and former members have potentially internalized those negative depictions to feel less positive about themselves. This research suggests that education campaigns by psychologists to media professionals about ethical ways to portray cults could be helpful. However, more research should be done on this topic to validate the new Media Exposure Survey created during this study and solidify its findings with a larger population to better understand the role of media depictions in former members' well-being and recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]