31 results on '"Yi-Jung Lee"'
Search Results
2. Educational leadership support for work transitions during COVID-19: perceptions of K-12 teachers in United States and China
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Yuanlu Niu, Yi-Jung Lee, Claretha Hughes, Xu Xu, and Yidan Zhu
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Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management - Published
- 2022
3. The Clinical Course of Early and Late Mild Cognitive Impairment
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Szu-Ying, Lin, Po-Chen, Lin, Yi-Cheng, Lin, Yi-Jung, Lee, Chen-Yu, Wang, Shih-Wei, Peng, and Pei-Ning, Wang
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Neurology ,Neurology (clinical) - Abstract
IntroductionAmnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be classified as either early MCI (EMCI) or late MCI (LMCI) according to the severity of memory impairment. The aim of this study was to compare the prognosis and clinical course between EMCI and LMCI.MethodsBetween January 2009 and December 2017, a total of 418 patients with MCI and 146 subjects with normal cognition were recruited from a memory clinic. All the patients received at least two series of neuropsychological evaluations each year and were categorized as either EMCI or LMCI according to Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 2 (ADNI2) criteria.ResultsIn total, our study included 161 patients with EMCI, 258 with LMCI, and 146 subjects with normal cognition as controls (NCs). The mean follow-up duration was 3.55 ± 2.18 years (range: 1–9). In a first-year follow-up assessment, 54 cases (32.8%) of EMCI and 16 (5%) of LMCI showed a normal cognitive status. There was no significant difference between the first year EMCI reverter and NCs in terms of dementia-free survival and further cognitive decline. However, first-year LMCI reverters still had a higher risk of cognitive decline during the following evaluations. Until the last follow-up, annual dementia conversion rates were 1.74, 4.33, and 18.6% in the NC, EMCI, and LMCI groups, respectively. The EMCI and LMCI groups showed a higher rate of progression to dementia (log-rank test, p < 0.001) than normal subjects. Compared with NCs, patients in the LMCI group showed a significantly faster annual decline in global cognition [annual rate of change for the mini-mental status examination (MMSE) score: −1.035, p < 0.001]) and all cognitive domains, while those in the EMCI group showed a faster rate of decline in global cognitive function (annual rate of change for the MMSE score: −0.299, p = 0.001).ConclusionIt is important to arrange follow-up visits for patients with MCI, even in the EMCI stage. One-year short-term follow-up may provide clues about the progression of cognitive function and help to identify relatively low-risk EMCI subjects.
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- 2022
4. Supporting Equitable Participation Through Project-Based STEM Learning at the Elementary Level
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Yi-Jung Lee
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- 2022
5. Effects of Renin‐Angiotensin–Aldosterone System Inhibitors on Long‐Term Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Sepsis Survivors
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Yuan-Yi Chia, Yu-Chi Huang, Yuan Lo, Yi-Jung Lee, Chen-Hsiu Chen, Shu-Yu Ou, and Yu-Ting Kuo
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Adult ,Inotrope ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ,Sepsis ,sepsis ,Young Adult ,Internal medicine ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,Survivors ,Myocardial infarction ,major adverse cardiac events ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,medicine.disease ,all‐cause mortality ,Treatment Outcome ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Heart failure ,RC666-701 ,Propensity score matching ,epidemiology ,renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitors ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Mace - Abstract
Background Sepsis is known to increase morbidity and duration of hospital stay and is a common cause of mortality worldwide. Renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASis) are commonly used to treat hypertension but are usually discontinued during hospitalization for sepsis because of concerns about renal hypoperfusion. The aim of our study was to investigate whether RAASis should be continued after discharge in sepsis survivors and to identify the effects on the clinical outcomes. Methods and Results A total of 9188 sepsis survivors aged 20 years and older who were discharged from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2019 were included in our analyses. We further divided sepsis survivors into RAASi users and nonusers. These groups were matched by propensity scores before the outcomes of interest, including all‐cause mortality and major adverse cardiac events (MACE), were examined. After propensity score matching, 3106 RAASi users and 3106 RAASi nonusers were included in our analyses. Compared with RAASi nonusers, RAASi users had lower risks of all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.68; 95% CI, 0.62–0.75), MACEs (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.81–0.94), ischemic stroke (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76–0.96), myocardial infarction (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.61–0.90), and hospitalization for heart failure (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.77–0.92). Subgroup analyses stratified by admission to the ICU and the use of inotropes showed similar results. Conclusions In our study, we found that RAASi users had reduced risks of all‐cause mortality and MACEs. These findings suggested a beneficial effect of RAASi use by sepsis survivors after discharge.
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- 2021
6. The Flexibility of Physio-Cognitive Decline Syndrome: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
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Yi-Cheng Lin, Chih-Ping Chung, Pei-Lin Lee, Kun-Hsien Chou, Li-Hung Chang, Szu-Ying Lin, Yi-Jung Lee, Ching-Po Lin, and Pei-Ning Wang
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Cohort Studies ,Frailty ,Frail Elderly ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Humans ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Longitudinal Studies ,Aged - Abstract
The mutual presence of impairments in physical and cognitive functions in older adults has been reported to predict incident disability, dementia, and mortality. The longitudinal transitions of phenotypes between these functional impairments, either individually or in combination, remain unclear. To investigate the natural course and prevalence of physical and/or cognitive impairments (CIs), we enrolled participants from a community-based population. Data were retrieved from the first (August 2011 and December 2012) and second wave (August 2013 and June 2015) of the I-Lan Longitudinal Aging Study (ILAS). All participants were classified into four groups: robust, mobility impairment (MI), CI, and physio-cognitive decline syndrome (PCDS). MI was diagnosed with weakness and/or slowness. CI was diagnosed if a subject met a cutoff below 1.5 standard deviations (SDs) of age-, sex-, and education-matched norms of any neuropsychological assessments. PCDS was combined with MI and CI. Our results showed that 38, 14, 30, and 18% of the participants were on the robust, MI, CI, and PCDS at the first wave, respectively. After 2.5 years, 17% robust, 29% MI, and 37% CI progressed to PCDS. In contrast, 33% of PCDS was reversed to non-PCDS. Predictors of conversion to PCDS included worse memory and language functions, older age, lower muscle mass, and the presence of diabetes. In PCDS, a stronger hand-grip strength, younger age, and better memory functions predicted reversion to non-PCDS status. In summary, we probed the transition of PCDS. The skeletal muscle mass/function and memory function are crucial factors associated with PCDS reversion or progression.
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- 2021
7. Prediction of Cerebral Amyloid Pathology Based on Plasma Amyloid and Tau Related Markers
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Ting-Bin Chen, Kun-Ju Lin, Szu-Ying Lin, Yi-Jung Lee, Yi-Cheng Lin, Chen-Yu Wang, Jun-Peng Chen, and Pei-Ning Wang
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Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Amyloid ,pyroglutamate ,Standardized uptake value ,predictor ,Logistic regression ,Internal medicine ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance ,tau ,RC346-429 ,Original Research ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,β-amyloid ,Neuropsychology ,Cognition ,Alzheimer's disease ,Neurology ,Positron emission tomography ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Neurology (clinical) ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,business - Abstract
Background and Purpose: Pyroglutamate-modified β-amyloid peptide (AβpE) is crucial for AD pathophysiological process. The potential associations of plasma AβpE and total tau (t-tau) with brain Aβ burden and cognitive performance remain to be clarified.Methods: Forty-six subjects with unimpaired cognition, mild cognitive impairment, or very mild dementia were enrolled. Plasma levels of AβpE3−40, t-tau, and Aβ42 were quantified by immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) assays. We analyzed individual and combined biomarker correlations with neuropsychological scores and Aβ positivity determined by 18F-florbetapir positron emission tomography (PET).Results: Both plasma AβpE3−40 levels and AβpE3−40/t-tau ratios correlated negatively with short-term memory and global cognition scores, while correlating positively with PET standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs). Among the biomarkers analyzed, the combination of AβpE3−40 in a ratio with t-tau had the best discriminatory ability for Aβ PET positivity. Likewise, logistic regression analysis showed that AβpE3−40/t-tau was a highly robust predictor of Aβ PET positivity after controlling for relevant demographic covariates.Conclusion: Plasma AβpE3−40/t-tau ratios correlate with cognitive function and cerebral Aβ burden. The suitability of AβpE3−40/t-tau as a candidate clinical biomarker of AD pathology in the brain should be examined further in larger studies.
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- 2021
8. Plasma Aβ42 and Total Tau Predict Cognitive Decline in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
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Ting Bin Chen, Szu Ying Lin, Yi Jung Lee, Pei Ning Wang, Chaur Jong Hu, Irene H. Cheng, and Jun Peng Chen
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:Medicine ,tau Proteins ,Audiology ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Predictive markers ,Article ,Cognition ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance ,Prospective Studies ,Cognitive decline ,Prospective cohort study ,Cognitive impairment ,lcsh:Science ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Multidisciplinary ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Neuropsychology ,Case-control study ,Middle Aged ,Alzheimer's disease ,medicine.disease ,Peptide Fragments ,Case-Control Studies ,Disease Progression ,Female ,lcsh:Q ,Amnesia ,Verbal memory ,business ,Biomarkers ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Levels of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau peptides in brain have been associated with Alzheimer disease (AD). The current study investigated the abilities of plasma Aβ42 and total-tau (t-tau) levels in predicting cognitive decline in subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Plasma Aβ42 and t-tau levels were quantified in 22 participants with amnestic MCI through immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) assay at baseline. The cognitive performance of participants was measured through neuropsychological tests at baseline and annual follow-up (average follow-up period of 1.5 years). The predictive value of plasma Aβ42 and t-tau for cognitive status was evaluated. We found that higher levels of Aβ42 and t-tau are associated with lower episodic verbal memory performance at baseline and cognitive decline over the course of follow-up. While Aβ42 or t-tau alone had moderate-to-high discriminatory value in the identification of future cognitive decline, the product of Aβ42 and t-tau offered greater differential value. These preliminary results might suggest that high levels of plasma Aβ42 and t-tau in amnestic MCI are associated with later cognitive decline. A further replication with a larger sample over a longer time period to validate and determine their long-term predictive value is warranted.
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- 2019
9. Changes in Plasma Amyloid and Tau in a Longitudinal Study of Normal Aging, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer’s Disease
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Irene H. Cheng, Po Chen Lin, Yi Jung Lee, Yu Hua Lai, Ting Ling Ke, Ting Bin Chen, Pei Ning Wang, Jun Peng Chen, and Szu Ying Lin
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Male ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Longitudinal study ,Genotype ,Amyloid ,Amyloid beta ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Tau protein ,tau Proteins ,Neuropsychological Tests ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor ,03 medical and health sciences ,Apolipoproteins E ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neuroimaging ,Alzheimer Disease ,Internal medicine ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Longitudinal Studies ,Phosphorylation ,Cognitive decline ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,030214 geriatrics ,biology ,business.industry ,Neuropsychology ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,biology.protein ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,business ,Biomarkers ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background: Changes in cerebrospinal fluid, neuroimaging, and cognitive functions have been used as diagnostic biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study aimed to investigate the temporal trajectories of plasma biomarkers in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and patients with AD relative to healthy controls (HCs). Methods: In this longitudinal study, 82 participants (31 HCs, 33 MCI patients, and 18 AD patients) were enrolled. After 3 years, 7 HCs had transitioned to MCI and 10 subjects with MCI had converted to AD. We analyzed plasma amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau proteins at baseline and annually to correlate with biochemical data and neuropsychological scores. Results: Longitudinal data analysis showed an evolution of Aβ-related biomarkers over time within patients, whereas tau-related biomarkers differed primarily across diagnostic classifications. An initial steady increase in Aβ42 in the MCI stage was followed by a decrease just prior to clinical AD onset. Hyperphosphorylated tau protein levels correlated with cognitive decline in the MCI stage, but not in the AD stage. Conclusion: Plasma Aβ and tau levels change in a dynamic, nonlinear, nonparallel manner over the AD continuum. Changes in plasma Aβ concentration are time-dependent, whereas changes in hyperphosphorylated tau protein levels paralleled the clinical progression of MCI. It remains to be clarified whether diagnostic efficiency can be improved by combining multiple plasma markers or combining plasma markers with other diagnostic biomarkers.
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- 2019
10. Association between influenza vaccination and the reduced risk of acute kidney injury among older people: A nested case-control study
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Pei Wen Chao, Shu-Chen Kuo, Shuo Ming Ou, Yi Jung Lee, Hung Meng Huang, Yung Tai Chen, and Chia Hsiang Shih
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Databases, Factual ,Influenza vaccine ,Taiwan ,Comorbidity ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Lower risk ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Influenza, Human ,Epidemiology ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Vaccination ,Odds ratio ,Acute Kidney Injury ,Confidence interval ,Logistic Models ,Influenza Vaccines ,Case-Control Studies ,Nested case-control study ,Cohort ,Female ,business ,Risk Reduction Behavior - Abstract
Objective The objective of this study is to determine whether vaccination against influenza is associated with a reduced risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in a nationwide cohort of adults aged ≥65 years. Methods We investigated a total of 13,270 patients aged ≥65 years who were hospitalized for AKI between 2000 and 2013 from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Each AKI case was matched with one control subject according to duration of follow-up, age, sex, monthly income, urbanization level, and baseline comorbidities. Odds ratios (ORs) for AKI associated with exposure to the influenza vaccine in the previous year were calculated in a nested case-control analysis. Results Influenza vaccination in the previous year was associated with a lower risk of AKI (adjusted OR 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63–0.72). Compared with a reference group of unvaccinated individuals with no influenza infection, vaccination with no influenza infection was associated with a lower risk of AKI (adjusted OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.64–0.73). Lack of vaccination and presence of influenza infection was associated with a higher risk of AKI (adjusted OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.57–2.01), whereas the risk of AKI was insignificant in vaccinated patients who developed influenza (adjusted OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.69–1.18). Conclusions The risk of AKI was 37% lower among older people who received vaccination against influenza in a real-world setting. Further work is required to clarify causality.
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- 2018
11. Long-Term Mortality and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Sepsis Survivors. A Nationwide Population-based Study
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Chia Jen Shih, Tzeng Ji Chen, Shuo Ming Ou, Shu-Chen Kuo, Yung Tai Chen, Ching Min Tseng, Hsi Ning Chu, Yi Jung Lee, and Pei Wen Chao
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,education.field_of_study ,Proportional hazards model ,business.industry ,Population ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Sudden cardiac death ,Sepsis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Heart failure ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Myocardial infarction ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,education ,Stroke - Abstract
Rationale: Patients with sepsis who survive to hospital discharge may present with ongoing high morbidity and mortality. However, little is known about the risk of long-term, all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes after sepsis.Objectives: Our study aimed to investigate the long-term clinical outcomes in sepsis survivors.Methods: In this nationwide population-based study, data from patients with sepsis were retrieved from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database between 2000 and 2002. Each sepsis survivor was 1:1 propensity-matched to control subjects from two different control populations: subjects who were in the general population and subjects who were hospitalized for a nonsepsis diagnosis. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and sudden cardiac death or ventricular arrhythmia.Measurements and Main Results: Compared with matched population control subjects, sepsis survivors had higher risks...
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- 2016
12. Association Between Use of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors and the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury: A Nested Case-Control Study
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Shuo-Ming Ou, Yuan-Hao Lo, Chia-Jen Shih, Shu-Chen Kuo, Yi-Jung Lee, and Yung Tai Chen
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Databases, Factual ,Taiwan ,Administration, Oral ,Comorbidity ,Type 2 diabetes ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Risk Assessment ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Odds Ratio ,medicine ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Longitudinal Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,Aged ,Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors ,business.industry ,Acute kidney injury ,Case-control study ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,Acute Kidney Injury ,medicine.disease ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Case-Control Studies ,Nested case-control study ,Cohort ,Female ,Risk assessment ,business - Abstract
Objective To examine the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in a nationwide cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes initiating dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Patients and Methods This nested case-control study of a cohort of adult DPP-4 inhibitor users with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized for AKI between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2013, was conducted using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Each AKI case was matched with one control subject according to duration of follow-up, age, sex, urbanization level, monthly income, comorbidity severity, and well-known predisposing factors for AKI. Odds ratios (ORs) for AKI were calculated according to current, recent, or past use of DPP-4 inhibitors. Results A total of 6752 cases with AKI and 6752 matched controls were analyzed. The exposure prevalence of DPP-4 inhibitor use in the previous year was higher among patients with AKI (adjusted OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.05-1.36; P =.006). In a stratified analysis, the association was significant for current DPP-4 inhibitor use (adjusted OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.08-1.48; P =.004), but not for recent or past use. Conclusion In this large contemporary cohort, DPP-4 inhibitor users had an increased risk of AKI development compared with nonusers. Further research is warranted to investigate the mechanism underlying this association.
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- 2016
13. Classification of bifurcation curves of positive solutions for a nonpositone problem with a quartic polynomial
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Tzung-Shin Yeh, Kuan-Ju Huang, and Yi-Jung Lee
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Physics ,Pure mathematics ,Applied Mathematics ,010102 general mathematics ,Sigma ,Multiplicity (mathematics) ,Lambda ,01 natural sciences ,010101 applied mathematics ,Monotone polygon ,Quartic function ,Boundary value problem ,0101 mathematics ,Quartic surface ,Analysis ,Bifurcation - Abstract
We study exact multiplicity and bifurcation curves of positive solutions of the boundary value problem \begin{eqnarray} &u"(x)+\lambda (-u^4+\sigma u^3-\tau u^2+\rho u)=0, -1 < x < 1, \\ &u(-1)=u(1)=0, \end{eqnarray} where $\sigma, \tau \in \mathbb{R}$, $\rho \geq 0,$ and $\lambda >0$ is a bifurcation parameter. Then on the $(\lambda, \|u\|_\infty)$-plane, we give a classification of four qualitatively different bifurcation curves: an S-shaped curve, a broken S-shaped curve, a $\subset$-shaped curve and a monotone increasing curve.
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- 2016
14. Risks of Death and Stroke in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis With New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation
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Shuo Ming Ou, Der Cherng Tarng, Chia Jen Shih, Szu Yuan Li, Yi Jung Lee, Chih Ching Lin, Shu-Chen Kuo, Pei Wen Chao, Chih Yu Yang, Po Hsun Huang, and Yung Tai Chen
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Statistics as Topic ,Taiwan ,030232 urology & nephrology ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Competing risks ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Renal Dialysis ,Risk Factors ,Physiology (medical) ,Atrial Fibrillation ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Hospital Mortality ,Intensive care medicine ,Stroke ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Atrial fibrillation ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,New onset atrial fibrillation ,Population Surveillance ,Cohort ,Oral anticoagulant ,Female ,Hemodialysis ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background— Whether oral anticoagulant use should be considered in patients undergoing hemodialysis with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains controversial because of the uncertainty regarding risk-benefit assessments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk of ischemic stroke in patients undergoing hemodialysis with new-onset AF, in comparison with those without arrhythmia. Methods and Results— This nationwide, population-based, propensity score–matched cohort study used data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database during 1998 to 2011 for patients on hemodialysis with new-onset nonvalvular AF and matched subjects without arrhythmia. The clinical end points were ischemic stroke (fatal or nonfatal), all-cause death, and other serious adverse cardiovascular events. In comparison with the matched cohort, patients with AF (n=6772) had higher risks of ischemic stroke (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–1.43), all-cause death (aHR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.52–1.67), in-hospital cardiovascular death (aHR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.71–1.94), myocardial infarction (aHR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.17–1.51), and hospitalization for heart failure (aHR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.76–2.05). After considering in-hospital death as a competing risk, AF significantly increased the risk of heart failure (HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.45–1.68), but not those of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. Additionally, the predictive value of the CHA 2 DS 2 –VASc score for ischemic stroke was diminished in the competing-risk model. Conclusions— The risk of stroke was only modestly higher in patients undergoing hemodialysis with new-onset AF than in those without AF, and it became insignificant when accounting for the competing risk of in-hospital death.
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- 2016
15. Effects on Clinical Outcomes of Adding Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors Versus Sulfonylureas to Metformin Therapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Chih Yu Yang, Szu Yuan Li, Der Cherng Tarng, Shuu Jiun Wang, Hsi Chu, Yi Jung Lee, Chia Jen Shih, Shu-Chen Kuo, Chih Ching Lin, Pei Wen Chao, Yung Tai Chen, Shuo Ming Ou, and Tzeng Ji Chen
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Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,General Medicine ,Type 2 diabetes ,Hypoglycemia ,medicine.disease ,Lower risk ,Metformin ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,business ,Stroke ,Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 ,medicine.drug - Abstract
In a large observational database study of add-on treatments to metformin, the addition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors was associated with a lower risk for all-cause mortality, stroke...
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- 2015
16. Factors Influencing Knowledge-Sharing Behavior in Virtual Communities: A Longitudinal Investigation
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Meng-Hsiang Hsu, Yi-Jung Lee, and Chun-Ming Chang
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Knowledge management ,Point (typography) ,business.industry ,Library and Information Sciences ,business ,Psychology ,Virtual community ,Computer Science Applications ,Information Systems ,Knowledge sharing - Abstract
This article examines the change of the roles of trust, commitment, and self-efficacy with time. Data were collected from 150 members of a technical virtual community. The results reveal that trust and knowledge-sharing self-efficacy influence knowledge-sharing intention at two points of measurement significantly, while commitment significantly affects knowledge-sharing intention at the second point of measurement. The relationship between trust and knowledge-sharing intention decrease over time, whereas the link between commitment and knowledge-sharing intention increases with time.
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- 2015
17. Bidirectional association between the risk of comorbidities and the diagnosis of retinal vein occlusion in an elderly population: A nationwide population-based study
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Chia-Jen Shih, Shuo-Ming Ou, Shu-Yu Ou, Yung Tai Chen, Yi-Jung Lee, and Chia-Hsiang Shih
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Databases, Factual ,Population ,Taiwan ,Comorbidity ,Cohort Studies ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Retinal Vein Occlusion ,medicine ,Humans ,education ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Vascular disease ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Hazard ratio ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Cerebrovascular Disorders ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Population Surveillance ,Cohort ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Mace ,Dyslipidemia - Abstract
Background Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the second most common retinal vascular disease, with peak incidence at 70years of age. However, the bidirectional association between the risk of comorbidities and the diagnosis of RVO in this population is uncertain. Methods A population-based cohort of 1,784,960 patients 70years of age and older retrieved from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database between 2000 and 2010. Risks of comorbidities were assessed 5years before and after the diagnosis of RVO. Results In our study, 3393 subjects had central RVO (CRVO) and 6688 subjects had branch RVO (BRVO). Before the diagnosis of RVO, patients showed increased risks for the following comorbidities: hypertension (odds ratio [OR]=1.83, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.74–1.93), dyslipidemia (OR=1.29, [1.23–1.35]), DM (OR=1.29, [1.23–1.35]), liver disease (OR=1.22, [1.16–1.29]), renal disease (OR=1.30, [1.23–1.37]), and cerebrovascular disease (OR=1.16, [1.11–1.21]). After the diagnosis of RVO, patients were at greater risk of developing DM (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]=1.12, [1.06–1.19]), PAD (AHR=1.17, [1.08–1.27]), and MACE (AHR=1.35, [1.25–1.46]); however, the risk of all-cause mortality was unchanged. Elderly patients with CRVO had a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality (AHR=1.09, [1.02–1.17]), whereas patients with BRVO showed no significant differences in mortality. Conclusion This study suggests bidirectional association between the risk of comorbidities and the diagnosis of RVO in an elderly population.
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- 2015
18. Exceptionally low thermal conductivity of poly(3-hexylthiophene) single nanowires
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Kai Sheng Jeng, Kien-Wen Sun, Yi Jung Lee, and Jiun-Tai Chen
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Thermal conductivity ,Materials science ,Electrical resistance and conductance ,Scattering ,Whisker ,General Chemical Engineering ,Nanowire ,Analytical chemistry ,Nanotechnology ,General Chemistry ,Thin film ,Order of magnitude ,Amorphous solid - Abstract
Electrical and thermal conductivity measurements were conducted by using microfabricated four-point probe and T-type nanosensors in a vacuum on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) single nanowires prepared by the whisker method. The nanowires had a cross-section of only 5 nm × 15 nm and a length of 0.5–10 μm. The electrical conductance of nanowires was 3.3 × 10−7 1/Ω and remained stable even after exposing the wires to ambient conditions for a few days. The thermal conductivity of a nanowire was 0.055 ± 0.003 W m−1 K−1 which was approximately an order of magnitude lower than other previously reported P3HT single nanowires with a diameter of 120 nm and embedded in anodic aluminum oxide matrix. This thermal conductivity was also approximately four times smaller than that of P3HT amorphous thin films (∼0.2 W m−1 K−1). The exceptionally low thermal conductivity was attributed to increased interface-phonon scattering because heat propagation was confined to an extreme narrow spatial dimension.
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- 2015
19. Risk of tuberculosis among healthcare workers in an intermediate-burden country: A nationwide population study
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Szu Yuan Li, Hsi Chu, Yu Ning Shih, Yi Jung Lee, Yen Tao Hsu, Shu-Chen Kuo, Chia Jen Shih, Der Cherng Tarng, Shuo Ming Ou, Ran Chou Chen, and Yung Tai Chen
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Adult ,Male ,Microbiology (medical) ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Tuberculosis ,Health Personnel ,health care facilities, manpower, and services ,education ,Population ,Antitubercular Agents ,Taiwan ,Cohort Studies ,Young Adult ,Risk Factors ,Environmental health ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,Developing Countries ,Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ,History of tuberculosis ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Hazard ratio ,medicine.disease ,Infectious Diseases ,Population study ,Female ,business ,Follow-Up Studies ,Cohort study - Abstract
Summary Objective The potential association between healthcare workers (HCWs) and the risk of clinically active tuberculosis (TB) in countries with intermediate TB burdens remains unclear. Methods A nationwide, population-based cohort study was performed by using Taiwan National Health Insurance Database during 2000–2010. We included HCWs and non-HCWs without history of tuberculosis matched at a 1:1 ratio according to age, sex, monthly income, underlying comorbidities, and concomitant medications. All subjects were followed from the date of enrollment until TB occurrence, death, or 31 December 2010. Results The study population comprised 11,811 healthcare workers and 11,811 matched subjects. 62 HCWs and 38 control subjects developed TB during a median follow-up period of 9.4 years. The incidence of TB was higher among HCWs than among matched subjects (61.08 vs . 37.81 per 100,000 person-years). The risk of TB was also greater among HCWs (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–2.43), particularly for pulmonary TB in comparison with extrapulmonary TB (aHR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.02–2.39). Among different job categories of HCWs, we found that only nurses had a significantly increased risk of developing TB (aHR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.37–4.72) compared to the matched cohort. Conclusions HCWs are associated independently with a higher risk of developing TB in this intermediate-burden country. Therefore, the importance of TB surveillance among HCWs should be emphasized.
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- 2014
20. Long-Term Clinical Outcome of Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Survivors of Infective Endocarditis
- Author
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Hsi Chu, Shuo Ming Ou, Yi Jung Lee, Der Cherng Tarng, Shu-Chen Kuo, Yung Tai Chen, Szu Yuan Li, Chia Jen Shih, Wu Chang Yang, Pei Wen Chao, and Chih Yu Yang
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Population ,Myocardial Infarction ,Sudden cardiac death ,Risk Factors ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,Outcome Assessment, Health Care ,medicine ,Humans ,Endocarditis ,Survivors ,Myocardial infarction ,education ,Intensive care medicine ,Stroke ,Aged ,Heart Failure ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Arrhythmias, Cardiac ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Death, Sudden, Cardiac ,Heart failure ,Infective endocarditis ,Female ,Morbidity ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
Background— Substantial infective endocarditis (IE)–related morbidity and mortality may occur even after successful treatment. However, no previous study has explored long-term hard end points (ie, stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, cardiovascular death) in addition to all-cause mortality in IE survivors. Methods and Results— A nationwide population-based cohort study was conducted among IE survivors identified with the use of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database during 2000 to 2009. IE survivors were defined as those who survived after discharge from first hospitalization with a diagnosis of IE. A total of 10 116 IE survivors were identified. IE survivors were matched to control subjects without IE at a 1:1 ratio through the use of propensity scores. The primary outcomes were stroke, myocardial infarction, readmission for heart failure, and sudden cardiac death or ventricular arrhythmia. The secondary outcomes were repeat IE and all-cause mortality. Compared with the matched cohort, IE survivors had higher risks of ischemic stroke (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40–1.80), hemorrhagic stroke (aHR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.90–2.96), myocardial infarction (aHR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.17–1.79), readmission for heart failure (aHR, 2.24; 95% CI, 2.05–2.43), sudden death or ventricular arrhythmia (aHR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.44–1.98), and all-cause death (aHR, 2.27; 95% CI, 2.14–2.40). Risk factors for repeat IE were older age, male sex, drug abuse, and valvular replacement after an initial episode of IE. Conclusion— Despite treatment, the risk of long-term major adverse cardiac events was substantially increased in IE survivors.
- Published
- 2014
21. How can social networking sites help build customer loyalty? An empirical investigation
- Author
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Chun-Ming Chang, Yi Jung Lee, and Meng-Hsiang Hsu
- Subjects
Value (ethics) ,Customer delight ,Customer retention ,Vendor ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Advertising ,Affect (psychology) ,General Business, Management and Accounting ,Loyalty business model ,0502 economics and business ,Loyalty ,050211 marketing ,Customer satisfaction ,Business ,Marketing ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
Social networking sites (SNSs) have been viewed as a useful tool that can be utilised to sustain customer loyalty. However, few studies have examined how SNSs can help build customers' loyalty. Building on past literature, this study developed a theoretical model to explain how SNSs can help build customer loyalty. The proposed model was tested empirically using data collected from 221 Facebook users who were customers of a famous convenience store in Taiwan. The results reveal that satisfaction with the vendor and trust in the vendor affect customer loyalty significantly. The results also show that satisfaction with the website has a positive effect on satisfaction with the vendor and trust in the website, which in turn affects trust in the vendor. Finally, the results indicate that utilitarian value, hedonic value, and social value have significant influences on satisfaction with the website, while utilitarian value exerts positive effects on trust in the website. Implications for theory and practice re...
- Published
- 2014
22. Determinants of repurchase intention in online group-buying: The perspectives of DeLone & McLean IS success model and trust
- Author
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Kuo-Kuang Chu, Yi-Jung Lee, Meng-Hsiang Hsu, and Chun-Ming Chang
- Subjects
Group buying ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Is success model ,Perspective (graphical) ,Advertising ,Affect (psychology) ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Perceived quality ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Customer satisfaction ,Psychology ,General Psychology ,Reputation ,media_common - Abstract
A theoretical model integrating the D&M model and trust literature was proposed.The model was tested using data collected customers of a group-buying website.Increasing satisfaction and perceived quality will facilitate repurchase intention.Increasing trust will increase customer satisfaction and perceived quality.Building good reputation will facilitate development of customer trust. The purpose of this study is to propose a theoretical model to examine the antecedents of repurchase intention in online group-buying by integrating the perspective of DeLone & McLean IS success model and the literature of trust. The model was tested using the data collected from 253 customers of a group-buying website in Taiwan. The results show that satisfaction with website, satisfaction with sellers, and perceived quality of website have positive influences on repurchase intention, while perceived quality of website and perceived quality of sellers have significant impacts on satisfaction with website and satisfaction with sellers, respectively. The results also show that trust in website has positive influences on perceived quality of website and satisfaction with website, whereas trust in sellers influence perceived quality of sellers and satisfaction with sellers significantly. Finally, the results show that perceived size of website has positive influence on trust in website, while reputation of website and reputation of sellers significantly affect trust in website and trust in sellers, respectively. The implications for theory and practice and suggestions for future research are also discussed.
- Published
- 2014
23. Differentiation of self and racial identity
- Author
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Veronica E. Johnson, Brenda X. Mejia-Smith, Maya T. Connell, Melissa Gonzalez-Matthews, Lauren D. Fisher, Rosemary McCullough, Min Cheng, Alise Cogger, Yi-Jung Lee, Wan Chen Weng, Lauren Mancusi, and George V. Gushue
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,White privilege ,Psychology of self ,Identity (social science) ,Context (language use) ,Racism ,Racial formation theory ,Developmental psychology ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Personal identity ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Identity formation ,Applied Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
This study explored the relationship between personal identity development and in-group/out-group identities within the sociopsychological context of the USA. Specifically, the study examined the relationship between Bowen’s construct of differentiation of self and Helms’ construct of racial identity for an American sample of 309 undergraduate and graduate students. Insofar as both models refer to a progression from an externally defined sense of self to an internally defined sense of self, it was hypothesized that higher levels of more sophisticated racial identity statuses would be positively associated with higher levels of self-differentiation for both white participants and participants of color. Overall, the findings suggest that for white students, attitudes associated with a more differentiated sense of self are also associated with a more sophisticated racial identity statuses, increased awareness of how white privilege and racism operate, and less internal conflict about one’s own racial identit...
- Published
- 2013
24. Acute Appendicitis in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease
- Author
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Tzeng Ji Chen, Yung Tai Chen, Chia Jen Liu, Shuo Ming Ou, Szu Yuan Li, Pei Wen Chao, Tzen Wen Chen, Feng Ming Wang, Yi Jung Lee, and Wu Chang Yang
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Abdominal pain ,Databases, Factual ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Taiwan ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,urologic and male genital diseases ,End stage renal disease ,Cohort Studies ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Renal replacement therapy ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Mortality rate ,Hazard ratio ,Gastroenterology ,Retrospective cohort study ,Middle Aged ,Appendicitis ,Surgery ,Renal Replacement Therapy ,Case-Control Studies ,Acute Disease ,Cohort ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
Acute appendicitis in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) poses a diagnostic challenge. Delayed surgery can contribute to higher morbidity and mortality rates. However, few studies have evaluated this disease among ESRD patients. Our study focused on the lack of data on the incidence and risk factors of acute appendicitis among ESRD patients and compared the outcomes in patients who underwent different dialysis modalities. This national survey was conducted between 1997 and 2005 and included ESRD patients identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance database. The incidence rate of acute appendicitis in ESRD patients was compared with that in randomly selected age-, sex-, and Charlson comorbidity score-matched non-dialysis controls. A Cox regression hazard model was used to identify risk factors. Among 59,781 incident ESRD patients, matched one-to-one with controls, there were 328 events of acute appendicitis. The incidence rate of 16.9 per 10,000 person-years in the ESRD cohort was higher than that in the control cohort (p = 0.003). The independent risk factors were atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio [HR], 2.08), severe liver disease (HR, 1.74), diabetes mellitus (HR, 1.58), and hemodialysis (HR, 1.74). Compared with the control cohort, subsequent perforation and mortality rates of acute appendicitis were also higher in the ESRD cohorts. There was no effect of dialysis modality on the patient outcomes. ESRD patients had a higher risk for acute appendicitis and poorer outcomes than non-dialysis populations. A careful examination of ESRD patients presenting with atypical abdominal pain to avoid misdiagnosis is extremely important to prevent delayed surgery.
- Published
- 2012
25. Association of postdischarge rehabilitation with mortality in intensive care unit survivors of sepsis
- Author
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Ching Min Tseng, Kun Ta Chou, Der Cherng Tarng, Shuo Ming Ou, Shu-Chen Kuo, Szu Yuan Li, Chia Jen Shih, Yung Tai Chen, Yu Ning Shih, Pei Wen Chao, and Yi Jung Lee
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Weakness ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Risk Assessment ,law.invention ,Sepsis ,Cohort Studies ,law ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,Survivors ,Intensive care medicine ,Propensity Score ,Aged ,Rehabilitation ,Muscle Weakness ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Intensive care unit ,Patient Discharge ,Intensive Care Units ,Cohort ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Database research ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
Intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired weakness is a common issue for sepsis survivors that is characterized by impaired muscle strength and causes functional disability. Although inpatient rehabilitation has not been found to reduce in-hospital mortality, the impact of postdischarge rehabilitation on sepsis survivors is uncertain.To investigate the benefit of postdischarge rehabilitation to long-term mortality in sepsis survivors.We conducted a nationwide, population-based, high-dimensional propensity score-matched cohort study using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. The rehabilitation cohort comprised 15,535 ICU patients who survived sepsis and received rehabilitation within 3 months after discharge between 2000 and 2010. The control cohort consisted of 15,535 high-dimensional propensity score-matched subjects who did not receive rehabilitation within 3 months after discharge. The endpoint was mortality during the 10-year follow-up period.Compared with the control cohort, the rehabilitation cohort had a significantly lower risk of 10-year mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.92-0.97; P0.001), with an absolute risk reduction of 1.4 per 100 person-years. The frequency of rehabilitation was inversely associated with 10-year mortality (≥3 vs. 1 course: adjusted hazard ratio, 0.82; P0.001). Compared with the control cohort, improved survival was observed in the rehabilitation cohort among ill patients who had more comorbidities, required more prolonged mechanical ventilation, and had longer ICU or hospital stays, but not among those with the opposite conditions (i.e., less ill patients).Postdischarge rehabilitation may be associated with a reduced risk of 10-year mortality in the subset of patients with particularly long ICU courses.
- Published
- 2014
26. Systemic sclerosis and the risk of tuberculosis
- Author
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Shuo-Ming, Ou, Wen-Chien, Fan, Kun-Ta, Chou, Kun-Ta, Cho, Chiu-Mei, Yeh, Vincent Yi-Fong, Su, Man-Hsin, Hung, Yu-Sheng, Chang, Yi-Jung, Lee, Yung-Tai, Chen, Pei-Wen, Chao, Wu-Chang, Yang, Tzeng-Ji, Chen, Wei-Shu, Wang, Hsuan-Ming, Tsao, Li-Fu, Chen, Fa-Yauh, Lee, and Chia-Jen, Liu
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Tuberculosis ,Immunology ,Taiwan ,Disease ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Cohort Studies ,Rheumatology ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Pulmonary fibrosis ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,Longitudinal Studies ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,Scleroderma, Systemic ,Proportional hazards model ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Incidence ,Hazard ratio ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Pulmonary hypertension ,Surgery ,Case-Control Studies ,Cohort ,Female ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Objective.Pulmonary involvement is common in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), and this condition causes substantial morbidity and mortality. Disrupted immunity from the disease or associated medication may render such patients subject to tuberculosis (TB) infection. However, the relationship between SSc and TB has not yet been investigated.Methods.Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, 838 patients with SSc diagnosed in Taiwan during 2000–2006 were identified and followed for emergence of TB infection. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) of TB compared to 8380 randomly selected age-, sex-, and comorbidity-matched controls without SSc were calculated. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate adjustment to identify independent risk factors for TB infection.Results.The risk of TB infection was higher in the SSc cohort than in controls (IRR 2.81, 95% CI 1.36–5.37; p = 0.004), particularly for pulmonary TB (IRR 2.53, 95% CI 1.08–5.30; p = 0.022). Other independent risk factors for TB infection in patients with SSc were age ≥ 60 years [hazard ratio (HR) 3.52, 95% CI 1.10–11.33; p = 0.035] and pulmonary hypertension (PH; HR 6.06, 95% CI 1.59–23.17; p = 0.008). Mortality did not differ for SSc patients with or without TB.Conclusion.In this nationwide study, the incidence of TB infection was significantly higher among patients with SSc than in controls without SSc. Special care should be taken in managing patients with SSc who are at high risk for TB, especially those aged ≥ 60 years or who also have PH.
- Published
- 2014
27. Effect of the use of low and high potency statins and sepsis outcomes
- Author
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Shuo Ming Ou, Hsi Chu, Pei Wen Chao, Shu Yu Ou, Szu Yuan Li, Yi Jung Lee, Shu-Chen Kuo, Chia Jen Shih, and Yung Tai Chen
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Statin ,National Health Programs ,medicine.drug_class ,Pain medicine ,Taiwan ,Comorbidity ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Risk Assessment ,Sepsis ,Insurance Claim Review ,Anesthesiology ,medicine ,Potency ,Humans ,cardiovascular diseases ,Hospital Mortality ,Intensive care medicine ,Propensity Score ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,business.industry ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,medicine.disease ,Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Female ,Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ,business - Abstract
Although statins have been shown to have cholesterol-lowering effects, their pleiotropic benefits on sepsis remain a matter of debate. In addition, the influence of statin potency on sepsis-related mortality has never been explored. The aim of our study was to determine the sepsis outcomes of low- and high-potency statin users and non-users.This nationwide, population-based, propensity score-matched analysis used data from the linked administrative databases of Taiwan's National Health Insurance program. Patients were hospitalized for sepsis between 2000 and 2010. All-cause mortality and major adverse consequences of sepsis, such as in-hospital death, intensive care unit admission, shock events, and the use of mechanical ventilation, were assessed. Patients were divided into high-potency statin users (at least 10 mg rosuvastatin, at least 20 mg atorvastatin, or at least 40 mg simvastatin), low-potency statin users (all other statin treatments), and non-users.A propensity score-matched cohort of 27,792 statin users and 27,792 non-users was included. Of 27,792 statin users, 9,785 (35.2 %) were treated with high-potency statins and 18,007 (64.8 %) were treated with low-potency statins. The 1-year mortality risk was significantly lower among both low-potency [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.89, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.85-0.93] and high-potency (aHR 0.80, 95 % CI 0.75-0.86) statin users compared with non-users. The risks of mortality and adverse consequences of sepsis were lower among high-potency than among low-potency statin users.High-potency statin use is associated with a lower risk of sepsis-related mortality compared with low-potency statin use.
- Published
- 2014
28. An Empirical Study of Store Environment Influence on Consumer Multi-Perceived Values toward Patronage Intentions
- Author
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Yi-Jung Lee, Yen-Ting Helena Chiu, and Tsuen-Ho Hsu
- Subjects
Value (ethics) ,Service quality ,Empirical research ,Transactional leadership ,Price perception ,Perception ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Advertising ,Business ,Marketing ,Purchasing ,media_common ,Variety (cybernetics) - Abstract
Consumers seek not only the merchandise value, but also enjoy the shopping experience while purchasing. However, little is known about the impact of transactional and experienced values on patronage intentions. Further, in the past, merchandise and emotional value perceptions were mostly investigated as two separate issues. This study uses exploratory and confirmatory methodology to examine the interrelations among store environment, value content, multi-value perceptions, and patronage intentions. The findings suggest that the determinants of patronage intentions are hedonic and utilitarian shopping value that could be achieved effectively by mall tenant variety and store ambient dimensions. Moreover, an attractive store environment positively affects the perception of merchandise and service quality, induces a stronger monetary price perception, and reduces the evaluation of merchandise value. This research emphasizes the influence of an enjoyable store environment on perceived value, shopping experiences and consequently consumers’ patronage intentions.
- Published
- 2013
29. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use is associated with cancer risk reduction in chronic dialysis patients
- Author
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Yi Jung Lee, Szu Yuan Li, Yung Tai Chen, Shuo Ming Ou, Tzeng Ji Chen, Tzen Wen Chen, Wu Chang Yang, Chia Jen Liu, Pei Wen Chao, and Chiu Mei Yeh
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Databases, Factual ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Population ,Taiwan ,Lower risk ,Renal Dialysis ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Neoplasms ,medicine ,Odds Ratio ,Humans ,Renal replacement therapy ,Registries ,education ,Propensity Score ,Dialysis ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ,Cancer ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Logistic Models ,Nephrology ,Multivariate Analysis ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,Female ,Upper gastrointestinal bleeding ,business ,Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage - Abstract
Previous studies have shown that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use might be associated with a lower risk of developing cancer in the general population. Patients on dialysis have increased risk for cancer, but there are no studies to determine the relationship between NSAID use and cancer risk in these patients. To identify any association between NSAID use and cancer risk in patients with end-stage renal disease on dialysis, we used Taiwan's National Health Insurance database to conduct a nationwide population-based, propensity score–matched cohort study. All cancers between groups were compared by Cox proportional hazards models. Compared to nonuse of NSAIDs, the use of non-COX-2-selective inhibitors (hazard ratio 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.67–0.97) or COX-2-selective inhibitors (0.78, 0.62–0.98) was associated with a lower risk of developing cancer. NSAID use reduced the risk of respiratory (0.39, 0.19–0.79), breast (0.41, 0.19–0.89), kidney (0.58, 0.38–0.88), digestive tract (0.64, 0.49–0.85), and bladder cancers (0.73, 0.55–0.96). NSAID use, however, significantly increased risk for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (odds ratio, 1.15, 1.07–1.23) but not adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events. Thus, NSAID use was associated with a lower risk of developing cancer in chronic dialysis patients; however, they should still be used with caution due to the side effects of gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Published
- 2012
30. Does Alzheimer's disease protect against cancers? A nationwide population-based study
- Author
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Tzeng Ji Chen, Shuo Ming Ou, Yu Wen Hu, Chia Jen Liu, Jong Ling Fuh, Shuu Jiun Wang, and Yi Jung Lee
- Subjects
Oncology ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Databases, Factual ,Epidemiology ,Taiwan ,Disease ,Cohort Studies ,Alzheimer Disease ,Internal medicine ,Neoplasms ,Medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Follow up studies ,Cancer ,Retrospective cohort study ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Population based study ,Neoplasms diagnosis ,Population Surveillance ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Cohort study ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background: Previous studies suggested a decreased risk of cancer among patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). There is still a lack of data on the specific types of cancer, the risk factors, and the impact of cholinesterase inhibitors on developing cancer in AD. Methods: We performed a nationwide population-based study of 6,960 patients with AD between 1997 and 2006 using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance database. Patterns of cancer incidence in AD patients were compared with those of the general population using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). Results: Patients with AD had a reduced risk of developing overall cancer [SIR = 0.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.80–0.97]. Specifically, patients with AD were protected from lung cancers (SIR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.57–0.98), especially men (SIR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.40–0.88). In subgroup analyses, women, patients aged 60–79 years, and those diagnosed as having AD for more than 1 year were more likely to be protected from cancers. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates a decreased incidence of overall cancers in patients with AD, a finding lower than but consistent with Western countries. Patients with AD had a significantly decreased risk of lung cancer. Further investigation of genetic evidence linking AD to cancer is warranted.
- Published
- 2012
31. Comparative Effectiveness of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers in Terms of Major Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes in Elderly Patients
- Author
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Yung Tai Chen, Pei Wen Chao, Tzeng Ji Chen, Szu Yuan Li, Shu Chen Kuo, Chia Jen Shih, Shuu Jiun Wang, Shu Chen Chien, Hsi Chu, Der Cherng Tarng, Yi Jung Lee, and Shuo Ming Ou
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,biology ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Retrospective cohort study ,Angiotensin-converting enzyme ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Heart failure ,Internal medicine ,Cohort ,medicine ,biology.protein ,cardiovascular diseases ,Myocardial infarction ,Intensive care medicine ,Adverse effect ,business ,Mace - Abstract
Renin and aldosterone activity levels are low in elderly patients, raising concerns about the benefits and risks of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) use. However, data from direct comparisons of the effects of ACEIs on ARBs in the elderly population remain inconclusive. In this nationwide study, all patients aged ≥ 70 years were retrieved from the Taiwan National Health Insurance database for the period 2000 to 2009 and were followed up until the end of 2010. The ARB cohort (12,347 patients who continuously used ARBs for ≥ 90 days) was matched to ACEI cohort using high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS). Intention-to-treat (ITT) and as-treated (AT) analyses were conducted. In the ITT analysis, after considering death as a competing risk, the ACEI cohort had similar risks of myocardial infarction (hazard ratio [HR] 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79–1.06), ischemic stroke (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.90–1.07), and heart failure (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.83–1.04) compared with the ARB cohort. No difference in adverse effects, such as acute kidney injury (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.89–1.09) and hyperkalemia (HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.87–1.20), was observed between cohorts. AT analysis produced similar results to those of ITT analysis. We were unable to demonstrate a survival difference between cohorts (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.88–1.21) after considering drug discontinuation as a competing risk in AT analysis. Our study supports the notion that ACEI and ARB users have similar risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), even in elderly populations.
- Published
- 2015
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