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The structure of a neutron-rich F-25 nucleus is investigated by a quasifree (p, 2p) knockout reaction at 270A MeV in inverse kinematics. The sum of spectroscopic factors of pi 0d(5/2) orbital is found to be 1.0 +/- 0.3. However, the spectroscopic factor with residual O-24 nucleus being in the ground state is found to be only 0.36 +/- 0.13, while those in the excited state is 0.65 +/- 0.25. The result shows that the O-24 core of F-25 nucleus significantly differs from a free O-24 nucleus, and the core consists of similar to 35% O-24(g.s.). and similar to 65% excited O-24. The result may infer that the addition of the 0d(5/2) proton considerably changes neutron structure in F-25 from that in O-24, which could be a possible mechanism responsible for the oxygen dripline anomaly.

The aim of this study is to propose the new concept of smart healthcare agility management system (hereinafter called SHAM). This system will support a pre-patients who would have medical risks factors (hereinafter called PPF), by providing them with a unique personalized protocol and guideline together with each descriptive manuals. The SHAM system features self-synchronized-care and shared situation awareness for PPF between healthcare support at home and medical institutional as of complex endeavors. Today, almost all Japanese enjoys the benefits of institutional healthcare insurance as a manner of obligation owing to fairly low payment system. In the case of PPF, however, they would not benefit from such health insurance nor be able to consult the doctors before becoming seriously ill. Translated from Japanese word, Tojisha meaning anyone (most likely a family member) who is related or concerned about a patient, the PPF face the facts that they could not enjoy the medical benefits in hospitals without consultation with the doctors. By following the Tojisha doctrine through the SHAM system, the PPF should be able to check the disease in time and agility., Presented at the 19th International Command & Control Research & Technology Symposium (ICCRTS) held 16-19 June, 2014 in Alexandria, VA.

Nano-carbon materials (carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphenes) are attracting significant attention. In particular, they have possibility for realization of high- transition temperature (Tc) superconductivity (SC) (e.g., Tc 40K). In the present work, the researchers have tried to fabricate the following two novel-type CNT-based samples and measured those magnetizations: (1) Thin films of assembled sulfur-doped multi-walled CNTs (MWNTs), and (2) Arrays of boron-doped MWNTs synthesized on SiC substrate. They find that the former exhibits Meissner effect with the highest Tc of 22K similar to that in boron-doped CNTs. This Tc value is the highest in carbon materials except for fullerene-based SC. It is, however, instable and reproducibility is poor.

With the advent and growth of global network, the term 'cyberspace' has entered into everyday parlance and conventional means to define more by the social interactions involved rather than its technical implementation. The core characteristic of cyberspace is that it offers an environment that consists of many participants with the ability to affect and influence each other. In this paper, first we introduce a new methodology for the cyberspace management how to utilize human resource and bring out a human ability for satisfying the required properties in cyberspace society quoting the representative and disseminated example of musical ensemble without conductor. Second, we discuss to evaluate the feasibility on the Network Centric Warfare / Power to the Edge approach which preceded example in cyberspace society by applying our methodology., Presented at the International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium (16th) held in Quebec City, Canada on 21-23 June 2011. Published in the Proceedings of the International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium (16th), paper no. 188, June 2011. Briefing charts begin p20.

As the networks become large-scale, they include various confidential data which need strict access control. Then we face the problem of satisfying the conflicting requirements of confidentiality and utilization. Access should be allowed when the information is necessary in performing the duty, although, in some cases, full access is not necessary when the data is used to compute statistics. Such unnecessary disclosure is required under existing access-control system. A typical case is the medical information system. For example, it should be kept confidential that "Mr. Smith of age 37 is suffering from hypertension." In some public health studies, scientists might have to compute "mean blood pressure of men in their thirties." In such cases, they do not have to know the blood pressure of Mr. Smith, but in the existing access-control system, it must be disclosed just in order to compute the average. Data processing, such as computing average and correlation, is enabled without disclosing the actual value, by using cryptosystem and cryptographic protocol. We propose a medical network system utilizing the new access-control system and new cryptographic protocol, thereby realizing active data sharing and interoperability between medical network and non-medical networks, such as disaster countermeasures or nursing care network., Presented at the International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium (16th) held in Quebec City, Canada on 21-23 June 2011. Published in the Proceedings of the International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium (16th), June 2011. Briefing charts begin p15.

The magnetization of thin films of carrier-doped CNTs was measured. Increase in transition temperature Tc to 28 K was obtained by annealing the sample at 1473 K, which is higher than previous conditions. However, diamagnetism in zero-field-cooled and field-cooled regimes in raw data was not observed owing to positive background magnetization arising from residual impurities in CNTs. Hence, Meissner effect was not concluded in the present experiments. It is expected that further purification of the CNTs must realize confirmation of Tc = 28 K, as Meissner effect, and it may make Tc > 30K possible in the near future.

We describe the Phase II HapMap, which characterizes over 3.1 million human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped in 270 individuals from four geographically diverse populations and includes 25-35% of common SNP variation in the populations surveyed. The map is estimated to capture untyped common variation with an average maximum r(2) of between 0.9 and 0.96 depending on population. We demonstrate that the current generation of commercial genome-wide genotyping products captures common Phase II SNPs with an average maximum r(2) of up to 0.8 in African and up to 0.95 in non-African populations, and that potential gains in power in association studies can be obtained through imputation. These data also reveal novel aspects of the structure of linkage disequilibrium. We show that 10-30% of pairs of individuals within a population share at least one region of extended genetic identity arising from recent ancestry and that up to 1% of all common variants are untaggable, primarily because they lie within recombination hotspots. We show that recombination rates vary systematically around genes and between genes of different function. Finally, we demonstrate increased differentiation at non-synonymous, compared to synonymous, SNPs, resulting from systematic differences in the strength or efficacy of natural selection between populations.

See also ADM001697, ARO-44924.1-EG-CF, International Conference on Intelligent Materials (5th) (Smart Systems & Nanotechnology)., The original document contains color images.

The information California currently uses to evaluate schools and educational programs is often incomplete, leading to possible errors in accountability decisions and lack of conclusive evidence on the effectiveness of educational interventions. Many other states have already adopted a mechanism for linking students' scores over time, which is an important element of a comprehensive accountability system. Assessment data is far more valuable for improving teaching and learning, identifying best practices, and determining program effectiveness when those data are valid and reliable, and when they provide a clear picture of the value added by a school or program.

NATO launched MAP in April 1999, with the aim of keeping the alliance's door open to future members. MAP consists of individually tailored programs of activities and exchanges to help the aspirant countries prepare for possible membership. MAP contains five "chapters:" (1) political and economic issues; (2) defense/military issues; (3) resource issues; (4) security issues; and (5) legal issues. Each MAP country prepares a detailed annual plan as part of MAP, with activities designed to further alliance compatibility in all five chapters. The MAP mechanism complemented an existing program of cooperation between the candidate states and NATO under the auspices of NATO's Partnership for Peace (or PfP) Planning and Review Process (or PARP). In its current form, PARP resembles the alliance's Defense Planning Questionnaire (the DPQ) and consists of a series of goals for interoperability and for forces and capabilities. Additional bilateral mechanisms of cooperation between the candidates and the major NATO countries serve to provide further guidance.

It is necessary to clarify the effect of Marangoni convection on single crystal growth from a melt in order to improve the quality of the grown crystal. Particularly, the deviation of crystal-melt (C-M) interface from a planar shape is a major problem because it may deteriorate the quality of the grown crystal. In this paper, we investigated the effect of thermal and solutal Marangoni convection on C-M interface shape in an In-Sb binary system by the horizontal Bridgman (HR) method. The C-M interface concavity strongly depends on the cooling rate and the temperature gradient under uniform concentration distribution conditions in the melt. A large concavity was observed at low cooling rates and high temperature gradient conditions. The concavity was found to be caused by thermal Marangoni convection, by taking Peclet number into account. Then, we varied the composition of the In-Sb binary system to induce solutal Marangoni convection intentionally. The C-M interface was kept planar in case solutal Marangoni convection occurred in the direction opposite to the thermal one. Therefore, we believe that the utilization of solutal Marangoni convection will be a new control technique to make the C-M interface planar for the HB system. From these results. it was clarified that Marangoni convection plays a significant role in the HB crystal growth system., Pub in: Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Volume 692. This article is from ADA405047 Progress in Semiconductor Materials for Optoelectronic Applications Symposium held in Boston, Massachusetts on November 26-29, 2001.

Er ions with doses ranging from 1 x 10(exp 13)/sq cm to 1 x 10(exp 15)/sq cm were implanted into A10.70Ga0.30As on GaAs substrates, at 800 deg C, Photoluminescence (PL) intensity of Er-related emission around 1.54 micrometers was enhanced by co-implanted oxygen (O). The optimum dose of Er ion was 1 x 10(exp 14)sq cm and 0 ion was 1 x 10(exp 15)/sq cm, respectively. Furthermore, from the temperature dependence of the PL intensity of sample implanted with the optimum dose, we estimated the values of E1, E2, and E3, the activation energies in order to investigate the rapid thermal quenching of Er ion in Al0.70Ga0.30As. We found that PL intensity of Er-related emission, in addition to O dose, was enhanced approximately twenty two times at room temperature. And from the temperature dependence of the lifetime of the optimum dose of Er and O, the value 245 meV of E(sub A), the activation energy for the decrease of the lifetime, was nearly equal to the value 235 meV of E2. Based on the result, the decrease of the lifetime confirms that the radiative efficiency is lower; therefore, we propose that rapid thermal quenching occurs at temperatures above 200 K due to the decrease of the radiative efficiency., Pub in: Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Volume 692. This article is from ADA405047 Progress in Semiconductor Materials for Optoelectronic Applications Symposium held in Boston, Massachusetts on November 26-29, 2001.

Erbium (Er) ions were implanted into 4H and 6H silicon carbide (SiC). The temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) and PL lifetime were characterized. The optimum annealing temperature for SiC: Er were 1600 deg C. PL intensity decreased at 1700 deg C, and the bandedge luminescence changed in relation to the luminescence of Er(3+). Thermal quenching of the luminescence of was suppressed by using SiC with a wide band gap as a host material. The Er(3+)-PL was observed at room temperature (RT). We monitored the auger effect that is believed to be the main cause of the thermal quenching process and concluded that, in the temperature range 15 K to 70 K, the thermal quenching process has a close relation to nonradiative recombination from the first excited state (sup 4)I13/2) to the ground state (sup 4)I15/2) of Er(3+)., Pub in: Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Volume 692. This article is from ADA405047 Progress in Semiconductor Materials for Optoelectronic Applications Symposium held in Boston, Massachusetts on November 26-29, 2001.

Although the projectile fragment separator (RIPS) at the RIKEN accelerator facility (RARF) provides wide variety of energetic radioactive beams, it is not adequate for low energy beam experiments such as precision spectroscopy of trapped ions. Aiming for an efficient deceleration and cooling of energetic radioactive ions, the development of an rf ion guide system which comprises a large He gas cell and an rf funnel structure in the cell is under progress. A proof of the principle (pop) machine has been successfully tested on-line for collection of 70- MeV/u(exp8)Li ions. A compact gas cell of 7O cm in length and 10 cm in diameter with a He gas pressure of 30 Torr was placed after a variable wedge shaped energy degrader. The ions were stopped in the gas and were transported by a superposition of dc and rf electric field toward a small exit hole. The overall efficiency was 10(exp-4) which can be separated into a gas stopping efficiency of 0.43% and an ion-guide efficiency of 2.4%. The former is limited by the volume of the cell and the pressure of the He gas. The latter is due to the present rf voltage limitation of 40 V. Both efficiency could be increased up to 10 % range by larger cell, higher pressure, and higher rf voltage, which would yield an expected overall efficiency of 1%., This article is from CP606, Non-Neutral Plasma Physics IV, p625-633, 2001. Pub. in AIP Conference Proceedings: volume 606. Prepared in cooperation with Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitaet, Greifswald, Germany; RIKEN, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, Japan; National Inst. of Radiological Science, Chiba, Japan; Institute of Laser Science, Univ. of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan; Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies (IPNS), High Energy Accelerator Research Org. Tsukuba, Japan. This article is from ADA404831 Non-Neutral Plasma Physics 4. Workshop on Non-Neutral Plasmas (2001) Held in San Diego, Cal

For various soft tissues (e.g., breast, liver, etc.), we are developing the ultrasonic strain measurement-based shear modulus reconstruction/imaging technique. To clarify the limitation of this technique as the diagnostic tool, together with improving the technique we are collecting clinical shear modulus images. Furthermore, we are applying the technique as the monitoring technique for the effectiveness of chemical therapy (e.g., anticancer drug, ethanol) and thermal therapy (e.g., rf electromagnetic wave, HIFU, etc.). Here, we showed shear modulus images obtained in quasi-real time. Using the conventional Work Station, the quantitative images were obtained on ten seconds order. In particular, by exhibiting the superiorly of shear modulus imaging compared with simultaneous B-mode imaging, we delineated the effectiveness of the technique as the clinical visualization technique for diagnosis and therapy. For instance, shear modulus value of in vivo human breast carcinoma was significantly high (typical value: 6.33 x 10(exp 6) N/m(exp 2). Shear modulus images were also obtained on in vivo human liver tissues. On the in vitro calf liver, shear modulus value of electromagnetic wave-induced thermal lesion became about five times higher after cooling down. We believe that this technique is solo currently available as diagnosis or monitoring tool, and yet in the near future this technique will allow the combined diagnosis/therapy systems for opening up a novel clinical style., Papers from 23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, October 25-28, 2001, held in Istanbul, Turkey. See also ADM001351 for entire conference on cd-rom., The original document contains color images.

This study was performed to confirm that activated leukocytes are concerned with Vascular Shut Down effect VSD in PhotoDynamic Therapy PDT. Hydrogen per- oxide H202, which is a kind of active oxygen that came from monocytes, was made visibility under the confocal laser scanning microscope; CLSM, and tried to quantify the amount of its formation from the fluorescent intensity with image analysis. Fluorescence images acquired by CLSM were analyzed, and the fluorescence intensity was ex- pressed as gray level, which is graded from 0 to 255. Only the fluorescence derived from a monocyte added Zinc co- proporphyrin III ZnCP-III just before measurement and with HeNe laser irradiation caused fluorescence distribution move to increase as the time course, while no change of distribution was especially observed in other three conditions (only added Zn CP-III, only irradiated with HeNe laser, Non-treated). The result indicates that photochemical reaction occurred due to excitation of photosensitizer, and active oxygen derived from the reaction stimulated monocytes. The activated monocytes, this time for themselves, generated active oxygen and H202 was made visibility by dichlorofluorescin DCFH fluorescence method. In conclusion, we confirmed that activated monocytes by photochemical reaction are concerned with VSD effect., Papers from 23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, October 25-28, 2001, held in Istanbul, Turkey. See also ADM001351 for entire conference on cd-rom., "The original document contains color images"

Research on bipedal walking is currently underway in a variety of fields. In engineering, robots that can walk in a bipedal manner are now under development, and, in medicine, important data on human walking characteristics are being gathered for use in the clinical analysis of walking for use in rehabilitation programs. The analysis of walking movement has generally focused on the legs rather than the arms, probably due to a perception that the arms do not play an essential role in this movement. However, if a quantitative understanding of arm movement functions can be obtained, this data will prove invaluable in the fields of robotics, sports physiology, and rehabilitation research. This study focuses on the relationship between arm movement and walking stability during bipedal walking. Subjects were 8 healthy, young males without walking disabilities who mounted an electric treadmill and walked in three different modes: unrestrained, with arms strapped to the sides of the body, and with arms swung up 90 degrees. In each of these modes the treadmill was set to 3 speeds. Subjects walked for 2 minutes at each speed in each mode (9 different mode-speed combinations). Movement was videotaped from two different positions. Analysis of variance was conducted for each measurement item using the factors of walking posture and speed. Results showed that at high walking speed (5.7 km/hr), the Shoulder Fulcrum Dispersion (SFD) was significantly higher for walking with arms immobilized than for unrestrained walking. This indicates that, at low and medium speeds (2.7 km/hr and 4.2 km/hr, respectively), the effect of restricted arm movements on upper body posture was minimal, whereas, at high speed, its effect on stability was considerable. The use of SFD as an index in this study provided a comparison with the subjective evaluations of the subjects as well as a quantitative understanding of walking stability based on analysis of variance. (5 figures, 4 references), Paper presented at the Annual Int'l Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (23rd) held in Istanbul, Turkey, on 25-28 Oct. 2001. See also ADM001351 for entire conference on cd-rom. The original document contains color images. All DTIC reproductions will be in black and white.

We proposed a technique for reconstructing bio-electric conductivity distribution from measured tangential magnet field data. That is, in the 2D ROI with an arbitrary depth two orthogonal tangential components of 3D current vector field were respectively estimated from the synthetically measured two tangential magnetic fields, from which the 2D conductivity distribution was estimated. To cope with inevitable measurement errors, a robust numerical solution was developed, in which the modification method and the regularization method were efficiently utilized. By performing this 2D reconstruction at each depth, 3D conductivity distribution could be estimated. As typical applications, pathological state and/or bio-electric conductive path can be evaluated by monitoring the temporal change of the reconstructed 3D conductivity distribution. The feasibility of this technique was briefly verified by reconstructing a conductivity distribution using simulated noise-filled magnetic field data, with resultant reconstruction indicating that the approach could provide a practical means for robustly reconstructing a conductivity distribution., Papers from the 23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 25-28 OCT 2001, Istanbul, Turkey. See also ADM001351 for entire conference on cd-rom.

The aetiology of Gulf-War (GW) related illnesses remains unclear. The proposal has been made that multiple vaccines, given under the stress of deployment with additional effects of the T helper 2 (Th2) adjuvant pertussis could skew the immune response towards a Th2 profile. The Th2 profile, characterised by the cytokines intefleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-lO, has been associated with syndromes such as allergic disease, hypersensitivity and depression, symptoms characteristic of which are often reported by sick GW veterans (GWVs). We are studying whether self-reported illness in GWVs is associated with a Th2 shift by examining Th2 (IL-4, IL-i 0) and Th1 (IL-2, interferon-gamma) intracellular cytokine staining in CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes by flow cytometry after mitogenic stimulation. To date we have recruited GWVs with and without illness, as well as a group of control servicemen with similar symptoms who were either not deployed (era controls) or deployed to the Bosnia conflict and healthy laboratory control subjects (LCs). We find changes in cytokine profiles in each of the 3 service groups compared with the LCs. Our data suggest that deployment to the Gulf and multi-symptom illness are associated with immune activation, with different patterns seen in sick and well veterans of the Gulf conflict. We await the full acquisition of clinical and vaccine record data, to determine the clinical correlates of our immunological findings.

Various layered hybrid films prepared from organoalkoxysilanes with long organic chains, based on the self-assembly of the hydrolyzed species, are reviewed. Morphological control of transparent and oriented films was achieved by cohydrolysis and polycondensation with tetraalkoxysilanes. followed by dip- or spin-coating. In addition to alkyltrialkoxysilanes, alkyldimethylmonoalkoxy- and alkylmethyldialkoxy-silanes were also used as the structural units, implying that the inorganic-organic interface can be designed at a molecular level. In these cases, co-condensation in the precursor solution plays an essential role in the formation of homogeneous and ordered films. Alkenyltriethoxysilanes with terminal C = C bonds were also employed to prepare layered hybrid films. Interlayer chains were polymerized upon UV irradiation, and the resulting films exhibited a significant increase in the hardness if compared with the films before polymerization. Hybrid films thus obtained are a new class of materials and of great interest for a wide range of materials chemistry., Pub in: Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Volume 703. This article is from ADA401575 Nanophase and Nanocomposite Materials IV held in Boston, Massachusetts on November 26-29, 2001

Nanofabrication on a hydrogen-terminated diamond surface is performed using an atomic force microscope (AFM) anodization. Locally insulated areas less than 30 nm are successfully obtained. Side-gated field effect transistors (FETs) are fabricated using the local anodization, and they operate successfully. Single hole transistors composed of one side-gated FET and two tunneling junctions are also fabricated and operate at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K)., Pres: Materials Research Society Symp. Proc., v675 pW12.5.1-W12.5.5, 2001. This article is from ADA401251 Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings. Volume 675. Nanotubes, Fullerenes, Nanostructured and Disordered Carbon. Symposium Held April 17-20, 2001, San Francisco, California, U.S.A.

The 7th Japan International SAMPE Symposium was held on 13-16 Nov 01 in Tokyo, Japan. 232 papers are included in the proceedings. The conference consisted of 5 satellite workshops and 10 sessions. Satellite workshops included: A. Smart structures and materials/eco-materials, B. Design and Manufacturing of revolutionary light weight aircraft structures, C. Development of low cost composite structures, D. New materials in space vehicles, and E. Composite applications to infrastructure. Sessions included: F. Composite/plastic applications to transportation vehicles, G. Composite applications to sport and leisure goods, H. New trends in polymer composites and their fibers, I. Ceramic matrix composites and carbon/carbon composites, J. Metal matrix composites and related materials, K. Textile composites, L. Interface in composites, M. Modeling and simulation in composite mechanics, N. New trends in damage identification and NDI, and O. Student session.

The present stage of a series of numerical modelings of the plasma etching processes is overviewed. Physical, chemical and electrical linkage among modules describing low temperature plasma structure/ function in a reactor, the profile and local charging evolution in a hole/trench, and electrical device damage during etching will make it possible to prepare a technology computer aided design (TCAD) for the practical purpose of prediction and designing the etching process. This system will also help to determine device arrangement and size in system on a chip (SoC) in a closed integration system. TCAD will also provide a tool for discussing the etching processes between process engineers and device designers in the age of nanometer-scale device technology., See Also ADM001341, Rarefied Gas Dynamics (RGD) 22nd International Symposium held in Sydney, Australia, 9-14 July 2000., From 9 Jul 2000 to 14 Jul 2000 --Original contains color plates: All DTIC reproductions will be in black and white.

This paper deals with the development of new type of Laser-Two-Focus (L2F) velocimeter which can measure flight time of particle in multi-angle directions simultaneously using a pair of four-channel Si-avalanche photodiode (APD) arrays. This system will release the complexity in measurement of flow direction. The time-of-light was evaluated by counting in software. This system is also miniaturized, using by laser diode and Si-APD instead of the combination of gas laser and photomultipliers. Measurements by the present L2F system reveals the high performance in high speed flow, which was confirmed by the experiements in an air jet flow. (Author), This article is from 'International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics and Workshop on Computers in Flow Measurements (6th) Held in Lisbon, Portugal on July 20-23, 1992', AD-A258 510, p14.1.1-14.1.6.

The spatial and simultaneous qualification of velocity and temperature field of flow has been made using image processing for understanding large scale structures of thermal mixing and a time dependent movement of vorticies. The velocity vectors were obtained by the cross-correlation technique which estimates a displacements of particle groups in two pictures of the flow field taken a short interval time, and the velocity vecters are calculated from the displacements dividing the interval time. The temperature measurement was performed by the laser induced fluorescence technique. The radiation of a excited fluorescence is varied with the dye temperature effectively. The temperature is estimated from a relation between the radiation intensity and temperature. The intensity in the thermal field can be measured by a CCD camera without a special optics or image intensifier. The system, with these two techniques, are applied to the natural convection, and presented the spatial and time dependent motion of the voltices. The efficiency of this technique was well confirmed. (Author), This article is from 'International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics and Workshop on Computers in Flow Measurements (6th) Held in Lisbon, Portugal on July 20-23, 1992, AD-A258 510

The present paper introduces a modified high-speed digital signal processing system using stand-alone digital signal processor boards. A remarkable acceleration of the operation which is based on the FFT burst analyzer technique has been enabled by the parallel mode calculation. Time series measurements, transient measurement, and local particle size and mass flux measurements are permitted with acceptable accuracy for signals with a lower signal to noise ratio. Thereby, so-called multi-purpose high speed signal processor was developed for LDA/PDA, and confirmed a high performance of real time measurement for 1600 particles per second by six DSPs. (Author), This article is from 'International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics and Workshop on Computers in Flow Measurements (6th) Held in Lisbon, Portugal on July 20-23, 1992', AD-A258 510, p21.6.1-21.6.6.

The formation of surface films of acetalized poly(vinyl alcohol)s at the air/water interface has been investigated in terms of the structure of the transferred films, after transfer of these surface films to solid substrates by means of the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. Furthermore, their electron beam exposure characteristics and non-linear optical properties were measured. It was found that the monolayers of acetalized poly(vinyl alcohol)s having aliphatic side chaines gave stable surface films with a limiting area of ca. 0.3nm2-/average repeat unit, irrespective of the side-chain length and the degree of polymerization of the starting poly(vinyl alcohol). The surface films could be deposited onto various substrates with deposition ratios of 1.0. The resulting multilayers were Y type. The thickness of the multilayers was proportional to the number of layers, and the single-layer thickness increased with increasing sidechain length. The surface wettability of the -multilayers changed alternatingly, depending on whether the number of layers was even or odd., This article is from 'Multifunctional Materials Held in Boston, Massachusetts on November 29-December 1 1989. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings. Volume 175,' AD-A253 089, p277-288.

In this paper, M. Wajsberg's axiom system is improved to the complete system by means of the special 4-valued logic. Similarly Kleene's 3-valued logic and Bochvar's one are also axiomatized to the complete systems. Finally those three systems are extended to the predicate logic systems. Such method is applicable to other multiple-valued logic systems. (Author), This article is from 'Proceedings of the International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic (13th) Held at Kyoto, Japan on May 23-25, 1983,' AD-A136 457, p228-234.

A special group of ternary functions, called regular ternary logic functions, are defined. These functions are useful in switching theory, programming languages, algorithm theory and many other fields, if we are concerned with the indefinite state in such fields. This paper describes the fundamental properties and representations of the regular ternary logic functions. (Author), This article is from 'Proceedings of the International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic (13th) Held at Kyoto, Japan on May 23-25, 1983,' AD-A136 457, p286-291.

In this study, two methods of the optimum structural designs in dynamic response are newly presented and the validity and effectiveness of the methods are revealed by several numerical examples. The proposed two methods respectively consist of the following combined algorithms after discretizing the objective structural system by a certain method of discretization, for example, the finite element method: (1) Method 1 (step-by-step integration procedure and optimization technique using gradients); (2) Method II (modal analysis and optimization technique using gradients). Emphasis is put on the derivation of convenient computation procedure of gradient of response quantities (displacement, velocity, acceleration, stress, strain) with respect to design variables. Two basic types of problems are considered in beams and framed structures which are subjected to the prescribed impulsive forces and ground motions. Several kinds of numerical solutions for such problems are obtained by utilizing the proposed two methods where the gradient projection method is adopted for one of optimization techniques., This article is from Proceedings of the International Symposium on Optimum Structural Design, AD-A119 989.

Shock wave-forms in a gas-particle mixture are discussed according to the following investigations. A shock tube of 70 mm internal diameter is used for the experiments by dispersing glass spheres into atmosphere air in the driven section. Pressure, particle velocity and particle number are measured. Mach number of the shock wave is less than 1.5, mass flow ratio of the phases ranges from 0.1. to 0.5, and diameters of the particles are 30 and 50 microns., This article is from 'Proceedings of the International Symposium on Shock Tubes and Waves (13th), Niagara Falls, July 6-9, 1981,' AD-A122 200.

These roundtable discussions were held in the areas of dielectrics, piezoelectrics, processing, and mechanical properties. The value of this series of workshops on dielectric and piezoelectric materials to the United States is twofold: First, the discussions, both formal and private, have provided a source of new research ideas for the individual scientist. Second, the collective knowledge gained by the U.S. attendees, individuals having many different areas of expertise, has aided the Navy in focussing on the newest and most important research directions which the Japanese are taking on these materials. It is clear that the components and devices based on these materials. It is clear that the components and devices based on these materials have played an ever increasing role in Naval applications as well as the U.S. technology as a whole. Keywords: piezoelectric ceramics, metallo organic, precursors, microstructure, ferroelectrics, capacitors, microwaves, sputtering, failure(electronics), thin films, crystal growth, hydro static, testing, transducers.

See also AD470632.

Comparative study of cytochemical reactions in the blood cells, cornea and the neuroglia was made on 44 different vertebrates. Among the vertebrates examined, the peroxidase in the leukocytes was evenly distributed, while the phosphatase in the leukocytes was found sporadically. The strongest reaction of peroxidase in leukocytes was found in man, while that of alkaline phosphatase in leukocyte was in lower animals such as guinea pigs and salamanders. The alkaline phosphatase reaction occurred very intensely in the stratified epithelium of the cornea, while did not occur at all in the stroma which contains many lymph capillaries. The finding of this cytochemical reaction of the cornea was nearly the same in the animals examined. The cytochemical reactions in astrocytes, oligodendroglia and microglia in tissue cultures did not show any cytochemical specific natures respectively. The difference in the cytochemical reactions could not be found at all among animal species.

Attempt at identifying the cell types that make sources of the ERG components is continued. Of the three groups of responses recorded from single units in the frog's retina, only the Group-II responses were left suspected to be constituents of the ERG, but the present work excludes this possibility, since it is probable that the responses in question arise from the soma and/or dendrites of ganglion cells that contribute little to the ERG. The failure to re cord any constituents of the ERG in the frog led research in two directions. One is the effort to make intracellular recording possible from cell types other than those already studied. A technique of ''harpooning'' single cells with pipets at high momentary acceleration is being tested and will make a subject in the coming year. The other is to apply the conventional technique to materials other than the frog and see if the localization of ERG constituents is possible in these materials. Among several animals examined, the carp is subject to a more thorough test. Studied are properties of Group-III responses (S-potentials), and the spatial distribution of ERG components in the focal and non-focal regions of the retina.

The report consists of th following three parts. The first part is introductory, and treats of the classification of coastal types that are well developed in Japan, and tries to present the regionality of their distribution. The second part aims at elucidating the nature and processes of terrace surface formation, especially laying stress on the to the modes of crustal movements. Dislocation of earth's crust accompanying the earthquakes and their geomorphic manifestation on coastal districts are also inquired. In the last part, four areas that are studied by the present investigator and his collaborators are presented. They are (1) the Konsen uplands in eastern Hokkaido, (2) northern moiety of the Sanriku coast in northeastern Honshu, (3) dissected fans of western Tokai along the Pacific side of central Honshu, (4) the coalescing dissected fans of Toyama along the Japan Sea side of central Honshu. Emphasis is chiefly laid on the geomorphological features, and land use is treated subordinately in connection with them. (Author)

The ATPase activity was most prominent under the body surface or plasma membrane and in the posterior enlarged portion of toxonemes. It could be also recognized in mitochondoria, Golgi complex, cytoplasmic vacuoles and so-called dense bodies. The localization of H3-glucose after the sensitization of 30 minutes was distributed in the peripheral cytoplasm while it was transported to the more central portion especially on the surface of toxonemes after 60 minutes' sensitization. (Author)

The report is divided into seven sections. A brief exposition of the incidence matrix of the balanced incomplete block (BIB) design is given in section 1. The Hasse-Minkowski p-invariant of the rational congruence is discussed in section 2. In section 3, the necessary condition for existence of a symmetrical BIB design is given in terms of the Hasse-Minkowski p-invariant as the prototype of the non-existence proofs. In section 4, the properties of the association algebra of an association are presented with some examples of association schemes. Section 5 is devoted to the derivation of the necessary condition for existence of a regular and symmetrical partially balanced incomplete block (PBIB) design. The argument presented in section 5 is immediately carried over in section 6 to the derivation of the necessary condition for existence of a certain class of asymmetric PBIB designs. In section 7, the relationship algebra of a PBIB design is explained and some discussions of the non-existence proofs in connection with the relationship algebra are presented. (Author)

Intracellular recordings from single photoreceptors of Necturus maculosus and Gekko gekko reveal that the response to light is a hyperpolarization accompanied by a resistance increase. Passive hyperpolarization of the membrane by extrinsic current does not change the membrane resistance but makes the hyperpolarizing response to light larger. By applying a depolarizing current, the response is made smaller, or even inverted if the current is strong enough. It is suggested that the vertebrate photoreceptor is depolarized in darkness and repolarized in light. This new viewpoint accounts for the unusual polarity of the ERG component ascribed to the receptors. Some observations on single cells in the inner nuclear layer of the carp retina are also outlined in this report. (Author)

The effect of ascorbic acid on increasing tolerance to hypoxia has been proved. The noticeable findings have been found in our experiments; (1) ascorbic acid moves from organs to blood in hypoxia and (2) the proportion of oxydized ascorbic acid is much larger in the heart than any other organs in hypoxia. The explanation for these findings have not yet been given. However, these results suggest that there may be some important relationship between ascorbic acid and heart activity which was proved in our previous experiments to be the most significant factor limiting the altitude tolerance. (Author)

The responses used as indices of studying color reception are potential changes with latencies of several msec recorded from within single photoreceptors using micropipette electrodes having tip diameters less than 0.1 micron. Single carp cones are used for the study, but single octopus photoreceptors are also used to provide matrials for discussion of the significance of the receptor potential upon the flow of information within the receptor. The intracellular placement of the electrode is achieved by mounting the retina on a vibrating table which gives it a large acceleration against the slowly advancing electrode tip. The electrode penetration is signalled by the appearance of a resting potential of 30 - 40 mV. In single carp cones, responses to light are hyperpolarizing. The response spectra studied statistically are classified into three groups in terms of wavelengths of maximum sensitivity. These are in close agreement with those of the absorption spectra of single goldfish cones reported by Marks and MacNichol. The response of single octopus photoreceptors, studied as a control, is a graded sustained depolarization, as common in most invertebrate photoreceptors. The action spectrum calculated therefrom agrees well with the absorption spectrum of the receptor photopigment. Evidence is provided that each octopus photoreceptor is selectively sensitive to a certain plane of polarized light. (Author)

Nosema (=Encephalitozoon) cuniculi is found parasitic in variety of mammals and only a few cases of infection in man so far have been reported. As this parasite is an agent of encephalitis in animals, it is possible that it can be a cause of some of encephalitis-like disorders of unknown etiology of man. The main purpose of this work is to make clear how often man may be infected with this parasite. For the detection of the parasite, the spinal fluid of urine of suspected cases should be inoculated into animals or tissue culture. Most of laboratory animals, however, are very often infected with this parasite and what is the worse, their infections are mostly latent. Endoxan, an anti-tumor substance found to be effective in promoting the growth of N. cuniculi, was tested for the provocation of the latent infection. It was successful in some cases and not in others. Endoxan, therefore, cannot be used for the selection of uninfected animals. N. cuniculi grows in HeLa cell cultures. However, it was not possible to get a constant positive growth even though the parasites were inoculated into the culture. Much improvement must be accomplished before the tissue culture can be used for this purpose. Under these conditions, it was not possible to start the experiment to detect the parasite from human beings in this first year period. Morphological details of the parasite in successive developmental stages from the proliferative form to the mature spore were studied by electron microscope. (Author)

The objective of the research is to identify the Nosema parasite to be isolated from human beings. Work was directed toward the method of isolation and identification of the parasite by the establishment of a mouse colony free from Nosema infection and by tissue culture., See also AD-660 282.

Changes in stroke volume of the right and left heart were studied in relation to tolerance to altitude. It was concluded that the pulmonary circulation might be regarded as a limiting factor of importance for performance at altitude. Chronic experiments on rabbits with chronic implanted heart electrodes were performed with partial success. The animals can be kept alive about one month after the operation. The results of these chronic experiments showed that the contractile capacity of the right heart is strengthened, increasing the right heart stroke volume within one week period of training-exposure to hypoxic condition. This fact supports the view that the improvement of the right heart capacity might be involved in the establishment of acclimatization to altitude. Changes in ascorbic acid in different organs at altitude are being studied in order to elucidate the role of this substance in acclimatization or tolerance to altitude. The results obtained so far show that the well acclimatized or tolerant animals have a larger capacity for utilizing ascorbic acid at altitude than do unacclimatized or less tolerant animals. This suggests that the administration of large amount of ascorbic acid may improve the tolerance to hypoxia. (Author)

The metabolism of the brain is characterized by emphasis on carbohydrate as the energy source and the rate of the energy metabolism increases during the neural excitation. It is generally believed that the control steps in glycolytic pathway are those concerned with phosphorylation of glucose (hexokinase) and fructose-6-phosphate(phosphofructokinase). Although the data presented in this report are consistent with this consideration, they clearly indicate that, in addition to the above two, the step catalyzed by pyruvate kinase is rate-limiting and controlling for glycolysis in brain cortex slices. Pyruvate kinase in brain tissue seems to be strongly inhibited in some way which is related to the cellular structures and this inhibited activity is regulated by the ionic milieu. The changes in the intermediate levels of the glycolytic pathway in the brain cortex slices by the addition of high potassium in the incubation medium were characterized by decreases in glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate, and by increases of fructose diphosphate, triose phosphates and lactate. These changes were similar to those induced by ischemia in vivo brain. (Author)