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Aims and objectives: To assess and compare the quality of paper-based and electronic- based health records. The comparison examined three criteria: content, documentation process and structure. Background: Nursing documentation is a significant indicator of the quality of patient care delivery. It can be either paper-based or organised within the system known as the electronic health records. Nursing documentation must be completed at the highest standards, to ensure the safety and quality of healthcare services. However, the evidence is not clear on which one of the two forms of documentation (paper-based versus electronic health records is more qualified. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, comparative design was used to address the study’s purposes. A convenient number of patients’ records, from two public hospitals, were audited using the Cat-ch-Ing audit instrument. The sample size consisted of 434 records for both paper-based health records and electronic health records from medical and surgical wards. Results: Electronic health records were better than paper-based health records in terms of process and structure. In terms of quantity and quality content, paper-based records were better than electronic health records. The study affirmed the poor quality of nursing documentation and lack of nurses’ knowledge and skills in the nursing process and its application in both paper-based and electronic-based systems. Conclusion: Both forms of documentation revealed drawbacks in terms of content, process and structure. This study provided important information, which can guide policymakers and administrators in identifying effective strategies aimed at enhancing the quality of nursing documentation. Relevance to clinical practice: Policies and actions to ensure quality nursing documentation at the national level should focus on improving nursing knowledge, competencies, practice in nursing process, enhancing the work environment and nursing workload, as well as strengthening the capacity building of nursing practice to improve the quality of nursing care and patients’ outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Poor medication adherence is a concern among patients with hypertension. However, few studies have assessed the effect of health literacy on medication adherence among refugee patients. Aim: The aim was to examine the effect of health literacy and associated factors in explaining medication adherence among Syrian refugee patients with hypertension. Methods: A cross‐sectional study was used, recruiting 150 Syrian refugees with hypertension in February 2020. The Hill‐Bone scale and the Health Literacy Questionnaire were used to collect data, which were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Participants had low levels of medication adherence and had low mean scores in eight of nine subscales of the health literacy scale, except in the appraisal of health information subscale. Factors including patient's age, marital status, the number of medications and co‐morbid diseases were significantly associated with medication adherence. Age, understanding written health information and ability to engage with healthcare providers were predictive of medication adherence. Conclusion: To increase medication adherence among refugee patients with hypertension, nurses need to improve patients' health literacy and understanding of health information about their disease. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Refugees report a higher prevalence of chronic diseases than non‐refugees due to a lack of available medications and limited access to health‐care services.Adherence to antihypertensive drugs is the cornerstone for accomplishing hypertension control.Health literacy is closely associated with better adherence to medications. What this paper adds? Syrian refugees diagnosed with hypertension showed low medication adherence.Age and level of understanding of health information were found to be factors that explained the level of medication adherence.Medication adherence was associated with the number of prescribed medications, the presence of other medical problems and marital status. The implications of this paper: To enhance medication adherence, healthcare providers, including nurses, should educate their patients about their diseases and medical regimes to enhance their health and health literacy.Further research is required to explain other personal factors, including patients' beliefs about their health and medications.Nurses, nurse managers and other healthcare professionals should develop and implement programs that address the individual needs of refugees to increase patients' levels of health literacy and medication adherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: We examined the predictive factors of COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy among Jordanian older adults. Background: Vaccine hesitancy among older adults is influenced by several factors. Design: This study employed a cross‐sectional design. Methods: Online surveys were conducted between November 2021 and April 2022. The surveys included socio‐demographic variables, COVID‐19 vaccine‐related information, the Vaccine Attitude Examination Scale and the Fear of COVID‐19 Scale. Results: Participants were 350 older adults (aged 68.1 ± 7.21 years; 62.9% females). Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the impact of correlated variables on the explanation of anti‐vaccination attitudes. Participants reported a moderate level of fear of COVID‐19 and a moderate level of hesitancy towards receiving the COVID‐19 vaccine. The linear regression model revealed that several chronic illnesses, fear of COVID‐19 and number of family incidences of COVID‐19 explained vaccine hesitancy. Conclusions: Raising awareness among older adults about the desired effect of the COVID‐19 vaccine in terms of minimizing hospitalization, disease consequences and mortality rate is required. Well‐tailored interventions are essential to reduce vaccine hesitancy among older adults and reinforce the importance of receiving the vaccine for those with multi‐morbidities. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? COVID‐19 vaccines are effective in minimizing the undesirable consequences of COVID‐19 and decreasing the mortality rate.Fear of COVID‐19 and misconceptions about the vaccination contribute to vaccine hesitancy.New COVID strains, new policies and new vaccine risk factors increase vaccine hesitancy. What this paper adds? There is a moderate level of COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy among the Jordanian older adult population.Vaccine hesitancy among older adults is attributed to multi‐morbidities, negative attitudes towards the vaccine, fear of COVID‐19 and number of family incidences of COVID‐19.Factors that influence the attitudes of Jordanian older adults towards anti‐vaccination include having had COVID‐19, number of chronic illnesses, fear of COVID‐19 and number of family incidences. The implications of this paper: Health‐care providers should use evidence‐based strategies to motivate and encourage Jordanian older adults to get vaccinated by disseminating factual and transparent information about the efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines, thereby reducing associated fears and promoting trust among older adults.Health‐care providers should tailor educational campaigns and communication strategies that address the gap in health literacy levels among older adults to achieve the desired vaccination rate.The results inform policymakers and other stakeholders to commence proactive vaccination campaigns that use population‐specific strategies to increase vaccine uptake and acceptance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary What Is Known on the Subject? What the Paper Adds to Existing Knowledge? What Are the Implications for Practice? Introduction Aim Method Results Discussion Implications for Practice The COVID‐19 pandemic has brought new sources of stress and challenges for people dealing with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). The study uncovered the unique experiences of Jordanian patients with OCD during the COVID‐19 pandemic, revealing three main themes: Navigating Constraints: The Dual Pathways of Social Engagement and Avoidance, estranging family attachments and shifting OCD landscapes. Family dynamics played a significant role, with some families unintentionally exacerbating OCD symptoms through excessive accommodation, while others openly expressed irritation, both contributing to worsened symptoms. The research unveiled a notable deficiency in the availability of professional mental health support for individuals with OCD throughout the pandemic. Accessible and culturally appropriate e‐mental health interventions can bridge the gap in mental health support, especially during crises like the pandemic. It is crucial to involve family members in the treatment process to address family dynamics that may either support or hinder recovery among patients with OCD. Pandemics, like COVID‐19, can significantly harm the mental well‐being and overall quality of life for individuals and their families. Those with pre‐existing mental conditions, especially obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), are more vulnerable to negative psychosocial effects since the fear of being infected or transmitting infection to others are some of the main characteristics of the illness. There is a need for a nuanced understanding of the personal, social and cultural experiences of people with OCD within their specific psychosocial context.To explore how Jordanian patients with OCD experienced their illness during COVID‐19.A descriptive phenomenological design using semi‐structured interviews with a purposive sample of 12 patients diagnosed with OCD and experiencing different types of OCD symptoms. Data were analysed thematically, and reported based on the critical appraisal skills programme (CASP) checklist for qualitative studies.Three main themes emerged: (1) Navigating Constraints: The Dual Pathways of Social Engagement and Avoidance (seeking solace through social interaction and embracing quarantine as an opportunity for social avoidance); (2) Estranging family attachments (enforcing proximity and struggling with intimacy); and (3) Shifting OCD landscapes (transforming existing obsessions and escaping to new compulsions). The interviews documented a complete lack of references to receiving professional mental health support throughout the pandemic.This study aligns with previous research indicating a surge in OCD severity during the pandemic, fuelled by distressing news and heightened hygiene measures. Notably, it underscores the strain on familial relationships, with some cases showing protective effects but many demonstrating worsening symptoms due to excessive family accommodation. The absence of professional mental health support during the pandemic raises questions about the quality and accessibility of mental health services in Jordan.The findings underscore the need for continued mental health support and intervention, particularly during times of heightened stress and isolation. Integrating e‐mental health resources and cultural adaptation can play a vital role in providing accessible and effective support for individuals with OCD, including those in the Jordanian Arab culture. As we navigate future challenges, it is crucial to prioritize the well‐being of individuals with OCD and ensure they have access to appropriate and tailored mental health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore the validity and reliability of the Missed Nursing Care Survey after translating it into the Arabic language. Methods: We employed a cross‐sectional design. We recruited 260 Jordanian nurses, and data were collected between May and July 2020. Translation, acceptability, construct, convergent, discriminant validity and reliability were investigated. Results: The factor analysis showed an adequate fit (three subscales) between the proposed missing care survey model and the observed data. This model reflected the survey's construct, convergent and discriminant validity, explaining 58.88% of the variance collectively. Confirmatory factor analyses showed adequate goodness‐of‐fit results (goodness of fit index = 0.91, comparative fit index = 0.94, increment fit index = 0.94, Tucker Lewis index = 0.92 and root mean square error of approximation = 0.06). The total Cronbach alpha and composite reliability achieved the criterion for all constructs in this survey. Conclusion: This Arabic version of the Missed Nursing Care Survey achieved the required level of validity and reliability. Measuring missed care and its reasons may help to improve quality of health services and assist nurse managers in designing appropriate interventions to reduce it. Adoption of culturally acceptable instruments by health‐care policymakers may support patient safety. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? The Missed Nursing Care Survey was designed to identify reasons for missed nursing care.The Missed Nursing Care Survey has been shown to be a reliable and valid measure among various populations and different languages. What this paper adds? The Arabic version of the Missed Nursing Care Survey was shown to be a valid and reliable tool.Measuring the quality and procedures of nursing care in the Arabic region will aid in understanding the differences between countries. The implications of this paper: Adoption of culturally acceptable instruments by health‐care policymakers may support patient safety.Measuring missed care and its reasons may help to improve the quality of health services and assist nurse managers in designing appropriate interventions to reduce it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although many studies have discussed nurses' caring performance, few have focussed on critical care nurses. Also, none have studied this among newly graduated nurses despite their very different circumstances. Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine factors affecting the caring performance of newly graduated nurses in critical care units. Method: A descriptive cross‐sectional design, using self‐reported questionnaires, was used among a sample of 209 nurses interviewed in Jordanian hospitals. The Mental Health Professionals Stress Scale was used for measuring work‐related stress and the Caring Behaviours Assessment tool to assess caring performance. Data collection was conducted from March to May 2018. Results: The participants had moderate levels of caring performance (M = 182.6/315, SD = 15.46). The highest score was reported for 'Supportive/Protective/Corrective Environment' subscale, while the lowest for 'Teaching/Learning' subscale. Many significant differences were noticed in caring performance based on participants' demographics. Only working in private hospitals was a significant predictor for caring performance (P <.05) predicting 14% of variance. Conclusion: Caring performance of newly graduated nurses in critical care units was affected by many factors including workload, self‐doubt, income and area of working. The significance was flagged of developing nursing policies concerned with stress relief and improvement of caring performance. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Newly graduated nurses are known to have more work‐related stress compared to experienced nurses, which may lead to lower commitment toward work requirements and lower quality of nursing care.Nurses' caring performance is known to be affected by several factors which lead to impaired nursing performance and overall organizational productivity and quality of care. What this paper adds? This study explored the predictors of caring performance of newly graduated nurses' working in critical care units, which provides baseline data for future research.Lower levels of caring performance by newly graduated nurses was found to be associated with higher levels of work‐related stress.Working conditions seem to affect the caring performance of newly graduated nurses. The implications of this paper: More attention is needed regarding newly graduated nurses' caring performance by nursing management, which might influence their ability to provide higher quality nursing care.Policy makers and nursing managers should consider establishing specific interventional programmes directed toward reducing factors that affect newly graduated nurses' caring performance in critical care units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Secondary prevention is a priority after coronary revascularization for effective long‐term cardiovascular care. Coronary Heart Disease is a major health problem in Jordan, but little is known about the current provision of secondary prevention. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors and explore the current provision of secondary Coronary Heart Disease prevention among patients presenting with first‐time Coronary Heart Disease at two time points: during hospitalization (Time 1) and 6 months later (Time 2), in multicentre settings in Jordan. Methods: A descriptive, repeated measures research study design was applied to a consecutive sample of 180 patients with first‐time Coronary Heart Disease. Demographic and clinical details were recorded from medical files. Self‐administered questionnaires developed by the researchers were used to measure secondary prevention information related to Coronary Heart Disease, including secondary prevention services, lifestyle advice received and medical advice topics. A short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to measure physical activity. Participants were assessed at Times 1 and 2. Results: Unstructured lifestyle advice given to the patients at Times 1 and 2 most frequently related to medications, smoking, diet and blood lipids control advice topics, with no statistically significant improvement in cardiovascular risk factors among patients between Times 1 and 2. Conclusion: Despite an extremely high prevalence of risk factors in this population, the provision of secondary prevention is poor in Jordan, which requires urgent improvement, and the contribution of nurses' to secondary prevention should be enhanced. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Cardiovascular diseases have relatively earlier onset and higher prevalence in the Middle East and North Africa. However, there is a limited knowledge about the prevalence of risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in the region.There is strong evidence that behavioural modification should be given high priority to help patients with Coronary Heart Disease to be compliant with healthy lifestyle behaviours.The prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease and premature mortality in the Middle Eastern countries is progressively increasing, indicating a lack of effective strategy. What this paper adds The prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease risk factors is still egregiously high in the Jordanian population.The secondary prevention strategy and lifestyle changes are insufficient among patients with Coronary Heart Disease in Jordan.Health policy makers are strongly recommended to establish cardiac rehabilitation programmes to reduce cardiac events and mortality in Jordan. The implications of the study Nursing administrations need to focus on secondary prevention strategies to minimize the risk factors of cardiovascular disease in developing countries.Nursing leaders in Jordan should develop health intervention programmes to help patients with Coronary Heart Disease change their lifestyles.Greater efforts are needed to stop progression of risk factors and improve secondary prevention in Jordan, and further studies are warranted, such as interventional studies to enhance secondary prevention for patients with Coronary Heart Disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Job demand and job satisfaction in nursing profession have been identified as significant indicators of quality of nursing care. Job demand is the most influential job stressor and has been connected to negative consequences on nurses' ability to function. Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the moderating effect of work locus of control on the relationship between job demand and job satisfaction among nurses working at public hospitals. Methods: A quantitative, cross‐sectional, correlational design was utilized to randomly recruit 427 registered nurses working at two major public hospitals. Data were collected using a self‐administered questionnaire regarding job demand, job satisfaction and work locus of control. Results: Work locus of control had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between job demand and satisfaction. External locus of control had a negative effect on the job demand and job satisfaction relationship, whereas internal locus of control positively buffered this correlation. Conclusion: This study adds a novel contribution to the body of knowledge that buffering effect of job demand among nurses is much dependent on appropriately enhancing internal locus of control, consequently improving job satisfaction. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Nurses' job satisfaction is associated with nurses' job demand.Job demand is a multifaceted factor and interferes with quality of nursing care. What this paper adds? Enhancing locus of control will contribute to increase nurses' job satisfaction and buffer effects of job demand.External locus of control has negative effects whereas internal locus of control has positive effects on the relationship between job demand and job satisfaction among nurses.The domains of job demand vary in their influence on job satisfaction among nurses depending on its internal or external effect. The implications of this paper: Nurse managers and decision makers are required to focus largely on the external forces that influence nurses' job satisfaction.Domains of job demand need to be addressed by nurse managers in terms of how to effectively enhance internal locus of control and suppress external locus of control factors to improve nurses' job satisfaction.To improve quality of nursing care and practice, internal locus of control has to be sustained and external locus of control has to be managed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the compliance of Jordanian nurses with ventilator‐associated pneumonia prevention guidelines and the barriers to compliance. Method: A descriptive, cross‐sectional design was used. A convenience sample of 294 nurses from nine hospitals in Jordan completed a self‐reported questionnaire. Results: According to the study compliance categories, 45.6% of the participants reported 'insufficient compliance,' 24.8% 'weak compliance' and 29.6% 'sufficient compliance.' Nurses with more experience and previous education on ventilator‐associated pneumonia reported higher compliance scores than their counterparts with less experience and no previous education. Nurses reported several barriers that limited their own compliance, such as lack of education, lack of policies and protocols, lack of resources and the shortage of staff. Conclusion: The compliance of nursing staff with the prevention guidelines was poor. Applying tailored educational programs may help improve their level of compliance. These programs must target new graduate nurses and be conducted in those hospitals with limited resources. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is known about this topic? Assessment of nurses' compliance with ventilator‐associated pneumonia (VAP) prevention guidelines is essential.Identifying barriers to compliance with VAP guidelines is the first step to improve the practice. What this paper adds? Compliance with VAP prevention guidelines in developing countries, such as Jordan, is still modest.Educational programs on VAP prevention improve the nurses' practice.Incidence of VAP rate should be linked to compliance rate with the prevention guidelines.Several barriers such as lack of resources and policies and shortage of staff interfere with nurses' compliance.Education and training of nurses would help to improve compliance and overcome barriers. The implications of this paper: Educating nurses in the clinical settings is imperative in order to prevent the occurrence of VAP.Providing human resources and supplies would help to prevent VAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study is to cross‐culturally translate and adapt the Cardiac Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire into Arabic and subsequently evaluate the psychometric properties of that translation in a population of Arabic patients. Method: The original English version of the Cardiac Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire was translated into Arabic following a process recommended by the World Health Organization. A convenience sample consisting of 268 Jordanian patients with coronary heart disease was recruited from a university‐affiliated hospital in Amman, Jordan. Data were collected from October 2018 to March 2019. The factor structure, face and content validities, and internal consistency of the Arabic Cardiac Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire (A‐CSEQ) were evaluated. Results: The factor structure analysis supported a three‐factor high‐order structure of the A‐CSEQ. Face validity showed that the language used, style, and format were clear. The content validity demonstrated a very good content validity index. The reliability was good with ranging from 0.89 to 0.93 for all questionnaire subscales. Conclusion: The A‐CSEQ is a valid and reliable instrument to assess the cardiac self‐efficacy of Arabic patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease. Further assessment of the psychometric properties of the A‐CSEQ with different cardiac problems is now recommended. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Globally, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and are increasing progressively particularly in the Middle Eastern countries.High self‐efficacy level is associated with the adoption of a healthy lifestyle by patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).There is no valid and reliable Arabic tool to measure cardiac self‐efficacy among CHD patients comparable with the Cardiac Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire (CSEQ). What this paper adds? The Arabic version of the Cardiac Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire (A‐CSEQ) is a valid and reliable instrument to assess cardiac self‐efficacy level among patients with CHD.Using Modern Standard Arabic (Fusha) during the translation and cross‐cultural adaptation process makes the A‐CSEQ more broadly applicable for a range of cardiac patients in Arabic‐speaking countries. The implications of this paper: Nursing leaders can use the translated version of Cardiac Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire to evaluate cardiac self‐efficacy and to improve self‐management skills of patients with CHD in Arabic‐speaking countries.Measuring the self‐efficacy levels of Arabic speakers using the A‐CSEQ can help nurses applying secondary prevention intervention measures and developing cardiac rehabilitation programmes in Arabic‐speaking countries.The A‐CSEQ can be used in further research in the future, through implementing comparisons between study outcomes in Arabic contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary: What is known on the subject?: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a syndrome of chronic widespread pain, typically associated with fatigue, sleep, cognitive dysfunction and disordered mood.FM may limit an individual's ability to participate in everyday work and social activities, thereby making it difficult to maintain normal relationships with other individuals.While it has been studied in different populations and settings, the impact of FM and associated psychological factors has not been previously studied among female war refugees. What does the paper add to existing knowledge?: The study showed the high impact of FM on female refugees in Jordan; approximately three quarters of the participants had a moderate to severe FM impact.Refugees settled in Irbid city, Iraq, showed increased age, anxiety and post‐traumatic stress disorder correlated with a higher FM impact. What are the implications for practice?: The study recommends evaluation of the impact of FM among all female refugees living in Jordan, along with its neighbouring countries hosting refugees.Healthcare providers, including mental health nurses, should be aware of the role of PTSD and anxiety on the impact of FM. Accordingly, healthcare workers should design appropriate mental health treatment plans to help to decrease the impact of FM.Mental health nurses should evaluate FM impact among all refugees worldwide. Nurses in Jordan are recommended to share their experience with nurses outside of Jordan as this may help with funds being obtained and the implementation of advanced psychological interventions. Introduction: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a syndrome of chronic widespread pain. While it has been studied in different populations and settings, the impact of FM and its associated psychological factors has not been previously studied among female war refugees. Aim: To assess the impact of FM and its associated factors in female refugees. Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted. The impact of FM, anxiety, post‐traumatic stress (PTSD) and insomnia was investigated. Results: 288 refugees previously diagnosed with FM were recruited. The results showed that 73.62% of the participants had a moderate to severe FM impact. Refugees settled in Irbid city were six times more likely to have a higher FM impact than refugees settled in Zarqa, and Iraqi refugees were more likely to have a higher impact than Syrian. Increased age, anxiety and PTSD were correlated with a greater impact. Conclusion: Mental health nursing services should be directed towards female refugees, particularly those with increased age, anxiety and PTSD. Implications for practice: Mental health nurses should evaluate the FM impact among all refugees worldwide. Furthermore, nurses in Jordan are recommended to share their experiences with nurses outside of Jordan, as this may help to raise funds and implement advanced psychological interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nurses working in emergency units are in direct contact with traumatic events. Trauma effects do not solely affect patients and their caregivers and, rather, extend to secondarily influence nurses themselves. Secondary exposure to trauma may result in symptoms similar to symptoms experienced by the patient themselves. No previous study investigated the secondary traumatic stress among emergency nurses in Jordan. Purpose To identify prevalence, predictors, and consequences of secondary traumatic stress among nurses working in emergency departments. Method: A descriptive correlation design was utilized to collect data using self‐report questionnaires from 202 nurses working at eight emergency departments in Jordan. Findings The study revealed that almost half of the sample reported high to severe levels of secondary traumatic stress. The analyses showed that nurses who demonstrated lower empathy (P =.016) and greater coping capacity (P <.001) tended to develop more secondary traumatic stress. Organizational factors were not significant predictors of secondary traumatic stress. Conclusion: A significant proportion of emergency nurses suffer secondary traumatic stress that is found also to be associated with psychical factors. Emergency nurses need to consider the consequences of secondary traumatic stress on their health and quality of care provided. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Emergency nurses are susceptible to develop secondary traumatic stress due to nature of their work and being repetitively exposed to traumatic patients.No studies have examined existence of secondary traumatic stress among nurses in Jordan and in the Arab countries.The literature has contradicting findings on factors that can enhance or attenuate development of secondary traumatic stress symptoms. What this paper adds? More than half of the participants reported high to severe levels of secondary traumatic stress indicating that secondary traumatic stress is apparent among ER nurses in Jordan.Coping and empathy are important predictors of secondary traumatic stress among emergency nurses.Nurses who reported higher level of secondary traumatic stress symptoms tended to have more work‐related absenteeism and more sick days. The implications of this paper: There is a need to raise awareness of both nurses and health care leaders to existence of secondary traumatic stress among emergency nurses and to establish screening tools and referral procedures for risky nurses.Theory of secondary traumatic stress has to be revised to provide more robust view about the process by which secondary traumatic stress develops among helping professionals.Future studies have to examine factors that may contribute to secondary traumatic stress other than factors addressed in previous studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To assess the prevalence and identify the predictors of breakfast skipping among 14‐ to 16‐year‐old adolescents in Jordan, focusing on mother‐related variables. Background: Breakfast is an essential meal across one's entire lifespan and especially important during the adolescent years. The practice of skipping breakfast has become so prevalent among adolescents that it is now a well‐documented nutritional problem. Design A descriptive cross‐sectional correlational design. Methods: A proportional cluster stratified sampling protocol was used to select 1896 adolescents and their mothers (1013) during the period of March to June 2016. A self‐reported questionnaire was used to collect data on breakfast‐skipping rates, the perceived reasons for this behavior, the perceived importance of consuming breakfast, and maternal encouragement of breakfast consumption. Results: The prevalence of breakfast skipping was 34.3% among adolescents and 21.5% among their mothers. A significant association was found between breakfast skipping among adolescents and their mothers (χ2 [1, n = 998] = 37.90, P =.001). Maternal encouragement of breakfast consumption, gender, and adolescent perception of the importance of this meal were found to be significant predictors of adolescent breakfast skipping. Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of involving mothers in developing nutritional health plans aimed at promoting regular breakfast consumption among adolescents. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is known about the topic? Regular breakfast intake has been linked to positive benefits for adolescent health, including lower risk for obesity and fewer biomarkers of chronic illness.The practice of skipping breakfast is highly prevalent among adolescents, both in Jordan and across the globe.Parental eating habits and attitudes influence adolescent eating behaviors and attitudes. What the paper adds? Female adolescents in Jordan skipped breakfast more often than male adolescents and to a significant degree. For both groups, lack of appetite was reported as the main reason (39%) for skipping breakfast.The interrelationships found between maternal and adolescent variables related to breakfast consumption highlight the pivotal role of mothers in promoting this practice. When mothers valued eating breakfast, so did their adolescent children, a relation that translated into lower rates of breakfast skipping among the adolescents.Maternal encouragement of breakfast consumption, the adolescents' perceived value of this practice, and their gender proved significant predictors of breakfast skipping behavior. The implications of this paper: Health interventions to promote breakfast consumption among adolescents are likely to be more effective if based on a better understanding of the role of mothers in this regard.Nurses should involve mothers in developing nutritional health plans to promote regular breakfast consumptions among adolescents.Nurses should educate mothers and adolescents about the health costs for adolescents associated with skipping breakfast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite a growing body of literature investigating the impact of patients' age and sex differences on pain, there is little research on how patients' characteristics and behaviours affect nurses' pain management decisions. Aim: This study examined surgical nurses' views and experiences toward pain management in relation to the patients' characteristics and behaviours in a Jordanian university hospital. Methods: Focus group discussions (n = 4) were used with a convenience sample of 27 female Registered Nurses. Results: The study revealed differences in postoperative pain management related to patients' characteristics. Male patients were seen as more tolerant of postoperative pain than female patients and thus required less nursing attention. As a consequence, nurses might assess female surgical patients inaccurately or judgementally. Nurses label female patients as "demanding" or "over‐sensitive" without intending to be judgemental. Nurses also reported that patients accompanied by relatives received quicker nursing responses and closer monitoring than unaccompanied patients. Conclusions: If patients' pain following surgery is to be treated effectively, health care policymakers and educators should work together to eliminate and prevent potential biases that might lead to disparities in pain management. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Postsurgical pain is still the most common complaint verbalized by patients and remains a largely unrecognized clinical problem.Registered Nurses in the postoperative setting play a vital role in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of pain management interventions.Experimental evidence has revealed some contradictions in whether pain perceptions among patients are related to age and gender; thus, there is a need to explore the views of those in pain management decisions. What this paper adds? This is the first qualitative study to examine the views of surgical nurses towards their pain management decisions that considers patient characteristics.Male patients were deemed more tolerant of post‐operative pain than the female patients and thus requiring less nursing attention.The study revealed that nurses might carry inaccurate perceptions towards female surgical patients, which could be seen in the form of judgemental labelling of these patients. The implications of this paper: The study emphasizes the need to employ a multidisciplinary strategy to enhance the status of surgical patient status and consideration of their circumstances including gender, age, sociocultural, and policy factors that might influence nurses' decisions and practice in pain management.Family caregivers need education about pain management and acknowledgement from surgical nurses about their role in pain management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of demographic variables, organizational commitment levels, perception of health and quality of work on turnover intentions. A self-reported cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data from Jordanian registered nurses who were working between June 2011 and November 2011. The findings showed strong effects of the quality of work, perception of health and normative organizational commitments on turnover intentions. This study sheds the light on the important work outcomes in health-care organizations. Increasing nursing quality of work and normative organizational commitment are good strategies for reducing turnover intentions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although pain is a common complaint among patients presenting to emergency departments (EDs), there is a dearth of nursing literature about barriers to pain management. Purpose The study aimed to uncover and understand barriers to pain management in the ED from the registered nurse (RN) perspective. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 ED nurses in a Jordanian hospital. Data were collected throughout August 2016. Results: Two broad categories with subcategories emerged. The first category describes the idea of types of patient, which included three particular groups. These were patients who are violent, patients with relatives who are, and patients with expectations of care that nurses view as unrealistic. The second category describes the taxing ED environment, with two subcategories of staff shortages and physician dominance of pain management. Nurses reported feeling as if they are the victims of external factors and perceived that barriers affected teamwork and led to distress which impairs pain management. Conclusions: The role of ED nurses in pain management is multifaceted. Therefore, implementing policies to overcome barriers such as violence among ED attenders and the perceived hostility of the ED environment through mandatory security systems, and continuing nursing education including for violence prevention may be beneficial. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Emergency nurses play a vital role in resolving under‐treatment of pain in their patients.Although acute pain management represents a significant part of the emergency department (ED) workload, there is evidence that pain is not well managed. What this paper adds? Recognizes that a hostile environment and the experience of violence from ED attenders, patients or family members, can be a significant barrier to pain management in the ED.ED nurses perceived that their role in pain management was limited and that this undermined their delivery of nursing care. The implications of this paper: Violence prevention and pain management training should be part of the continuing education curriculum for all health professionals.Supporting ED triage nurses to initiate pain management protocols may improve pain outcomes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aims to assess the effect of using a combination of eye mask and earplugs on the perceived quality of sleep among patients admitted to intensive care units. Design Control group, pretest and posttest, quasi‐experimental design was used. Methods: Data were collected from 103 intensive care patients in two governmental hospitals in Jordan. The participants were assigned either an experimental or a control group. The experimental group participants received routine care in the first night and used the eye mask and earplug during their sleep in the second night. Control group participants, on the other hand, received routine care only in both nights. The number of hours slept was reported by nurses, and the perceived quality of sleep was self‐reported by participants using the Richards‐Campbell Sleep Scale. Results: Experimental group participants slept more hours and reported significantly better perceived quality of sleep after the use of eye mask and earplugs, as compared both with themselves in the first night and with control group participants. Conclusion: Combining eye masks and earplugs is effective in prolonging the sleep of intensive care patients and improving its quality. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Many strategies were tested and adopted in intensive care units (ICUs) worldwide in order to improve patients' sleep quality, but evidence of these strategies' effectiveness was scarce.Combining the use of eye mask and earplug has shown positive results on sleep length and quality in ICUs in a number of countries.What this paper adds? This study is the first one of its kind in Jordan and in the Arab world.This study combines the subjective self‐reported quality of sleep with objective length of sleep as assessed by nurses.The implications of this paper: This paper's findings will inform nursing practice in the ICUs in Jordan in terms of patient's sleep improvement strategies.This paper will inform policymaking and future research in the field of ICU patients' sleep length and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Disordered eating attitudes and behaviours are linked to poor physical and psychological outcomes. Aim: To examine the individual, psychological, and socio‐cultural factors associated with disordered eating attitudes among Jordanian adolescents. Methods: A stratified sampling method was used to select school students aged 15 to 18 years from three governates in Jordan in 2013/2014. Participants filled out questionnaires on socio‐demographic variables, the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT‐26; to discriminate adolescents with disordered eating); the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ; used to measure psychological factors associated with disordered eating); Body Mass Index was calculated and obesity evaluated according to international cut off points (to categorize normal weight, overweight, and obese adolescents, and these categories were used as individual factors associated with disordered eating). Results: A total of 963 (460 boys and 503 girls) participated in the study. Disordered eating (EAT score ≥ 20) was present in 389 (40.4%); body shape dissatisfaction (BSQ scores ≥110) was present in 161 (16.8%). Overweight and obesity were found in 332 (34.5%) participants. Unhealthy weight loss behaviours (such as self‐induced vomiting, substance abuse, and smoking) were very common. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that female sex, urban residence, distorted perceptions of weight, BMI (excess weight), body dissatisfaction, and socio‐cultural variables (parents, peers and mass media) were significantly associated with disordered eating. Conclusion: Jordanian urban adolescents seem to embrace Western norms to fit in with the demands of Western culture. Socio‐cultural factors, particularly mass media, play a significant role in changing adolescents' norms. Prevention and intervention programs are needed to control these disorders. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Worldwide, disordered eating among adolescents is a significant health issue with serious physical, psychological, and social consequences.Studies on the factors that lead to the development of disordered eating in Jordanian adolescents are limited What this paper adds? The rate of disordered eating in this study indicated that adolescents are being exposed to greater pressures to fit in with "Western" norms more than previously.Sociocultural factors appear to play a significant role in changing adolescents' norms.Adolescents who engage in dieting or weight loss behaviours might not necessarily be overweight and may in fact even be normal weight. The implications of this paper: School nurses have multiple opportunities to facilitate early detection, initiate prevention programmes, and develop culturally sensitive interventions.Offering school nurses an effective assessment tool like EAT‐26 will allow them to accurately assess students, identify those at risk, and develop appropriate prevention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. This paper is a report of a study that examined the use of complementary and alternative medicine therapies among children with cancer in Jordan. Background. Complementary and alternative medicine use by oncology patients has been gaining acceptance in the developed countries and developing countries. Healthcare professionals are becoming increasingly aware that patients use complementary and alternative medicine either covertly or overtly. Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with parents of children with cancer under treatment and follow-up in a paediatric oncology department in Jordan between August 2007 and April 2008. Results. Parents of 69 children with cancer in Jordan were surveyed for their use of complementary and alternative medicine with their children. A total of 65.2% of the sample had used at least one type of complementary and alternative medicine during the course of their child's treatment. The use of biological and nutritional complementary and alternative medicine was 70.5% among the users. Use of body and soul complementary and alternative medicine strategies was reported for 22.2% of the children using complementary and alternative medicine. Twenty per cent of the sample used body movement complementary and alternative medicine for their children. A total of 45.5% of complementary and alternative medicine users perceived benefits in using complementary and alternative medicine for their children with cancer. However, 40% of complementary and alternative medicine users had stopped using complementary and alternative medicine for multiple reasons. Conclusion. Parents used complementary and alternative medicine to support their children's medical treatment and to use all possible methods to cure their children. The reason for parents not using complementary and alternative medicine included not being aware of complementary and alternative medicine. Most of the patients have not discussed the issue of using complementary and alternative medicine with the medical staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hasna F, Hundt GL, Al-Smairan M, Alzaroo S. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2010; : 564-572 This paper presents a critique of the use of the Maximizing Access to Quality (MAQ) instrument supplemented by non-participant observation as a way of assessing the quality of nursing care in primary care clinics in the north-eastern Badia of Jordan, where populated by Bedouin. The MAQ checklist with non-participant observation of clinic care was used to assess the quality of care in four comprehensive health centres. In the four comprehensive health centres, more than half of the indicators for measuring the quality of the physical conditions were adequate. In relation to personnel, general practitioners were available, but in-service training was needed and no social workers were available. Provision of health services was optimal in three of the clinics but was less than optimal in the remotest clinic. Health education was done sporadically and continuity of care was the main challenge in provision in the four clinics. The MAQ checklist for assessing the quality of health provision in maternal and child health and reproductive services is a useful instrument to capture a snapshot of health-care provision; however, it is not suited to a rural setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

al-gamal e. & long t. (2010) Anticipatory grieving among parents living with a child with cancer. Journal of Advanced Nursing 66(9), 1980–1990. Aim. This paper is a report of a comparative study of anticipatory grief of parents of children newly diagnosed with cancer and those whose children were diagnosed 6–12 months earlier. Background. Public perceptions of cancer as a fatal illness persist despite improved prognosis for children. Parents may experience feelings of despair, hopelessness, and worthlessness – the most common psychological expressions of anticipatory grief. With a focus on developing more effective therapeutic intervention, healthcare professionals have developed greater interest in the concept of anticipatory grief. Method. One hundred and forty parents, divided between ‘newly diagnosed’ and ‘6–12 months after diagnosis’ groups, were recruited in 2006 from two hospitals representative of the healthcare sector in Jordan. Structured interviews were conducted to assess anticipatory grief, using the Marwit and Meuser Caregiver Inventory: Childhood Cancer. Analysis was performed using t-tests. Results. Fewer than half of the parents in both groups reported being at peace with themselves and their situation in life. Parents of newly diagnosed children reported more severe anticipatory grief responses than those in the second group. No statistically significant differences were found in responses between mothers and fathers. Conclusion. Healthcare professionals should encourage parents to discuss negative feelings related to their child’s illness and potential outcome. Hospital policies need to include the provision and promotion of support group services for parents, and nurses should encourage parents to exploit such services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the perceived caregiver burden among parents of chronically ill children in Jordan. Background: Although there are few studies on the accurate prevalence of chronic diseases among Jordanian children, there are a few on the burden of caregiving, which is important because most children with chronic illness rely on their caregivers to perform their daily tasks. In Jordan, little is known about the caregiver burden associated with caring for children with chronic diseases. Design: A cross‐sectional design was reported in line with the STROBE guidelines. Methods: The Katz Index of Independence was used to determine the children's level of dependence, and the Burden Scale for Family Caregivers was used to measure the caregivers' level of burden. Results: Nearly, 49.3% of caregivers had a very severe burden, 31.2% of children had a severe functional impairment, 19.6% had a moderate impairment, and 49.3% had full functionality. Based on their children's dependency, caregivers' subjective burden varied greatly (p <.001). Fully functional children had a far lower disease burden than severely and moderately disabled children (p <.001). The caregiver burden score differed significantly across chronic disease categories (p <.001). Unemployed caregivers had a far higher subjective burden than working caregivers (p =.009), and single (divorced/widowed) caregivers had higher burdens than married caregivers. Conclusions: Various factors can increase caregiver burden. Therefore, healthcare providers must plan holistic and family‐centred interventions to reduce the caregiving burden. Relevance to Clinical Practice: There is a need to establish support programs to help reduce the level of burden among caregivers of children with chronic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aimed to analyse nurses' perceptions of clinical leadership needs and compare their differences based on the sample's characteristics. Also, it aimed to compare nurses' perceptions of clinical leadership needs between nurses and nurse managers. Background: Various professional organisations have identified the need to develop clinical leaders. Clinical leadership is about having clinical expertise in specialised fields and having professionals involved in clinical care. However, worldwide, little emphasis is placed on the clinical leadership needs of nurses. Methods: Using STROBE (https://www.strobe‐statement.org/index.php?id=available‐checklists), a cross‐sectional study was conducted in 2020 using a purposive sample of 349 Jordanian nurses who were surveyed using the CLeeNA instrument. Different descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. The response rate in the current study was 69.8%. Results: The 7‐point CleeNa scale was reduced into 3 categories 1 = "not important (1–3)," 2 = "Neutral (4)" and 3 = "highly important (5–7)." The total mean score of perceived CleeNa was 2.61(SD = 0.50) indicating "very important." The highest perceived mean score of the subscales was for "leadership and clinical practice." In contrast, the lowest perceived mean score of the subscales was "financial and service management." The total mean scores of perceived CleeNa were higher among married nurses, nurse managers, those who have a master degree or more, aged 35 years or more, had more than 4 years of nursing experience or/and more than 4 years of leadership experience, supervised more than 10 employees and were working in teaching hospitals. The total mean scores of perceived CleeNa scale and subscales of staff and team development, patient safety and risk management, and perceived standards of care were higher among nurse managers when compared with nurses. Conclusion and relevance to clinical practice: Results indicated that innovative clinical leaders are needed. A paucity of research identifies the extent to which clinical leadership is enacted in clinical nursing practice. Developing a clinical leadership programme is warranted to contribute positively to nurses' leadership roles and outcomes, patients' outcomes, and in turn, organisational outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kamel AA, Bond AE, Sivarajan Froelicher E. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2012; 18: 147-154 Depression and caregiver burden experienced by caregivers of Jordanian patients with stroke Many stroke survivors will be cared for at home, primarily by their relatives. Providing care to a family member with a chronic disabling disease can be both emotionally and physically distressing for the caregivers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between patients' characteristics, duration of caregiving, daily caregiving time, caregiver's characteristics, caregiver depression and burden in caregivers of patients with stroke. A cross-sectional design was used with a convenience sample of 116 subjects. The Center of Epidemiologic Studies of Depression and the Caregiver Strain Index were used to identify caregiver depression and burden, respectively. Logistic regression analysis identified the influence of independent variables on caregiver depression and caregiver burden. Caregivers had high scores for depression and burden indices. Caregivers' health, receiving professional home health care and caregivers' burden were related to caregiver depression. Functional disabilities of patients with stroke and depression of caregivers were related to caregiver burden. To decrease caregiver depression and burden, nurses must provide caregivers with instructions for home management of patients with stroke. Development of specialized stroke home health services in Jordan that targets patients with stroke and their caregivers are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Al-Zaru IM, AbuAlRub R, Musallam EA. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2011; : 117-125 Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most devastating complications following cardiac surgery, which significantly lead to prolonged hospitalization and increased hospital costs. The aims of this retrospective study were to identify the incidence rate, causative microorganisms, and the clinical and economical impact of SSI. An existing coronary artery surgery data base on adults ( n = 631) who had undergone coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgeries between January 2005 and January 2008 at a Jordanian university hospital was used. The results of this study showed that: (i) the incidence rate of SSI after CABG was 16.8% at the targeted hospital; (ii) the most causative microorganisms was coagulase-negative staphylococci (40%); (iii) the predictors for SSI were sex/males, having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and having combined valve CABG surgery; and (iv) each patient who developed SSI had ≈ 9 additional days at the hospital and add ≈ $3159 to the total cost of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eshah NF. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2011; : 27-35 Modern styles of living and the accelerated pace of life could direct people to adopt unhealthy lifestyles. Globally, literature indicates that the percentages of people who adopt healthy lifestyle behaviour (HLB) are disappointing. This study aimed to identify the level of adoption of HLB in Jordanian subjects and to compare the sociodemographic and self-reported clinical history based on the HLB adoption level. Cross-section descriptive study was conducted and Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile-II was used to reflect subjects' adoption of HLB. Through convenience sampling 260 subjects were enrolled; 50% had excess weight, 30% were current smokers, 53% had never had their cholesterol assessed. Findings revealed that subjects were not adopting HLB regularly. Women, married, educated, young subjects and having higher income subjects had higher HLB adoption level. Health-promotion programmes are urgently needed for this community and sociodemographic variables have to be considered throughout preparation, implementation and evaluation phases of such programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hayajneh YA, AbuAlRub RF, Almakhzoomy IK. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2010; 16: 374–380 Adverse events in Jordanian hospitals: Types and causes Adverse events in health care have become an important issue for health-care professionals, administrators, health policy-makers, public and patients. Literature on adverse events in Jordan is scarce. The purpose of the study was (i) to identify the common types and major causes of adverse events in Jordanian hospitals from the nurses' perspective; and (ii) to estimate the frequency of adverse events in Jordanian hospitals. Qualitative and quantitative data regarding the perceived types, causes and incidence of adverse events were collected using a web-based questionnaire. A total of 75 valid responses with qualitative and quantitative data were obtained. The results indicated (i) that medication errors, wrong diagnosis, hospital acquired infections, bed sores and falls were the most common types of adverse events; and (ii) that workload and inadequate staffing, technical performance, negligence and poor ethics, poor management, psychosocial job demands and written guidelines were the most common causes of adverse events. On average, participants in the study believed that adverse events occurred in about 28% of all hospital admissions. Nurse and hospital administrators and health policy-makers should develop and institute effective strategies and polices to prevent or minimize the occurrence of adverse events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and Objective: This study investigated the effects of social support, parenting stress and maternal self‐efficacy on postpartum depression among adolescent mothers in Jordan. Background: Adolescent pregnancy may have serious health, social and economic consequences for young women, families and communities. In Jordan, the incidence of adolescent pregnancy has increased from 5% in 2012 to 15% in 2018. Little attention has been given to postpartum depression among adolescent mothers in Arab and Middle Eastern countries. Method: In a cross‐sectional design using convenience sampling, 200 women aged less than 20 years, six to eight weeks postpartum and who could speak and read Arabic were interviewed in a participating health clinic. The interview occurred before or after a woman's scheduled clinic appointment and included socio‐demographic data, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Maternity Social Support Scale (MSSS), Parenting Stress Scale (PSS) and Perceived Self‐efficacy Scale (PSES). Data collection took place between December of 2018 and April of 2019. Reporting followed the STROBE guidelines. Results: Results revealed that 28.5% of adolescent mothers had probable postpartum depression. Mothers who reported high social support, high parenting stress, low self‐efficacy, financial stress and marital conflict had significantly higher EPDS scores than those who did not report these stressors. Conclusion: Prevalence of postpartum depression reported in this study warrants immediate action on early assessment, detection and intervention. High levels of social support may feel overwhelming for young mothers and contribute to high parenting stress, low maternal self‐efficacy and marital conflict. Relevance to clinical practice: Adolescent mothers are at increased risk of PPD compared to mothers over 20 years of age. Perceived quality rather than availability of social support needs to be considered. Young mothers require education and early intervention prevention strategies to better prepared them for motherhood and manage stressors associated with their changing social role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Does earning income empower women in patriarchal societies? We conducted two original experiments in Jordan investigating how patriarchal norms constrain the effects of relative earned income on women's bargaining power and women's preferences for paid employment opportunities. In the first experiment, we randomized women's relative earned income in a bargaining lab game involving male and female partners. Women with higher incomes than their partners behave more efficaciously than women with lower incomes. They are only more influential over bargaining outcomes, however, when paired with women, not men. We then employed a conjoint survey experiment using hypothetical job opportunities to assess how the prospect of higher incomes and working alongside men affect women's job preferences. Though higher wages make jobs more desirable, mixed‐sex work spaces are a strong deterrent. Together, these findings demonstrate that patriarchal norms constrain women's desire to engage in paid labor and segment the empowering effects of earning income. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A correction to the article "A cross-cultural translation and adaptation of the Arabic Cardiac Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for patients with coronary heart disease" in a 2020 issue is presented.

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Aims and objectives: To determine nurses’ perceptions related to smoking cessation, health promotion and interventions provided to hospitalised patients. Background: Smoking is a major health problem in Jordan. The cost for treating smoking‐related health conditions is a significant strain on the healthcare system. Nurses are in an ideal position to encourage smoking cessation. Little is known about Jordanian nurses’ perceptions related to smoking cessation issues. Methods: A qualitative design was used to collect data from 22 Jordanian nurses using focus groups. Purposive sampling was used to select the study participants. Content analysis was conducted, to determine themes related to the research questions. Results: Nurses indicated that smoking cessation counselling is important. However, they did not feel that their counselling was very effective. Nurses indicated that the presence of a well‐defined hospital policy regarding smoking was a facilitator to smoking cessation and antismoking clinics would also help to decrease smoking. Challenges to nurses’ interventions included lack of hospital policy, lack of time and nurses who smoke could not be role models or provide effective counselling. Regarding decreasing smoking in Jordan, nurses had suggestions that included scare techniques and increasing taxes on cigarettes as well as enforcing policies that prevent cigarette sales to children under 16. Conclusions: Nurses are well aware of the hazards of smoking and indicate a belief that encouraging smoking cessation is an appropriate activity. Changes in smoking rules and the enforcement of rules, as well as increased public health efforts related to smoking cessation, are necessary to decrease smoking prevalence in Jordan. Relevance to clinical practice: Training in smoking cessation counselling and increased awareness of the resources may increase nurses’ ability to have an impact on decreasing the smoking prevalence in Jordan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To assess the effectiveness of a 12-week school-based educational preventive programme for type 2 diabetes by change in weight and fasting blood glucose level in Jordanian adolescents. Sixteen percent of Jordanian adults have obesity-related type 2 diabetes and 5.6% of obese adolescents examined, however one-third unexamined. Rates in Arabic countries will double in 20 years, but this can be prevented and reversed by controlling obesity. A single-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2 unisex high schools in Irbid, Jordan, in 2012. Intervention and control participants, aged 12 to 18 years, were visibly overweight/obese. They were randomly allocated to the intervention (n = 205) or control (n = 196) groups. At-risk students were assessed before and after the 12-week intervention, for change in weight and fasting blood glucose level following preventive instruction and parent-supported changes. Mean age of participants was 15.3 years with equal percentages of both males (49.4%) and females. Post intervention, the intervention group, demonstrated statistically significant reductions: mean difference of 3.3 kg in weight ( P < .000) and 1.36 mg/dL (0.075 mmol/L) in fasting blood glucose ( P < .000). School-based early prevention intervention effectively reduced weight and fasting blood glucose in Jordanian at-risk adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims To raise awareness of critical care nurses' cognitive bias in decision-making, its relationship with leadership styles and its impact on care delivery. Background The relationship between critical care nurses' decision-making and leadership styles in hospitals has been widely studied, but the influence of cognitive bias on decision-making and leadership styles in critical care environments remains poorly understood, particularly in Jordan. Design Two-phase mixed methods sequential explanatory design and grounded theory. Setting: critical care unit, Prince Hamza Hospital, Jordan. Participant sampling: convenience sampling Phase 1 (quantitative, n = 96), purposive sampling Phase 2 (qualitative, n = 20). Methods Pilot tested quantitative survey of 96 critical care nurses in 2012. Qualitative in-depth interviews, informed by quantitative results, with 20 critical care nurses in 2013. Descriptive and simple linear regression quantitative data analyses. Thematic (constant comparative) qualitative data analysis. Results Quantitative - correlations found between rationality and cognitive bias, rationality and task-oriented leadership styles, cognitive bias and democratic communication styles and cognitive bias and task-oriented leadership styles. Qualitative - 'being competent', 'organizational structures', 'feeling self-confident' and 'being supported' in the work environment identified as key factors influencing critical care nurses' cognitive bias in decision-making and leadership styles. Two-way impact (strengthening and weakening) of cognitive bias in decision-making and leadership styles on critical care nurses' practice performance. Conclusion There is a need to heighten critical care nurses' consciousness of cognitive bias in decision-making and leadership styles and its impact and to develop organization-level strategies to increase non-biased decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and Objectives The aim of this study was to identify the differences in perceived learning needs between cardiac patients who have undergone major coronary interventions and their nurses. Background The decrease in length of stay after cardiac interventions has signalled an urgent need to provide effective in-hospital health education. Therefore, the content of health education should bridge the gap between nurses' and patients' views of what information is important for ensuring patients' optimum recovery. Design A descriptive comparative design was employed. Methods Patients were invited to participate if they had undergone angioplasty or bypass surgery and were ready for discharge within 24-48 hours. A convenience sample of 365 cardiac patients and 166 cardiac nurses participated in this study. Baseline data on patients' and nurses' sociodemographics, clinical history and experience were collected through personal interviews. Then, participants completed the Patient Learning Needs Scale to identify their perceptions of the learning needs after cardiac interventions. Results The top-priority learning needs according to both patients and cardiac nurses was information on wound care and medication. In contrast, the lowest-priority learning need was physical activity. Nurses perceived information about physical activity as most needed to patients, whereas patients perceived information about medications, postintervention complications and postintervention concerns as mostly needed. Conclusion The disparity between perceptions of patient and nurses on the essential content to be learned highlights the importance of considering both of these parties when establishing health education programmes. In addition, nurses should focus more on information related to the recovery period and immediate needs after discharge. Relevance to clinical practice Information about wound care, medication and potential complications should be the core of predischarge education programmes. In addition, nurses should focus on improve patients' awareness of secondary prevention and lifestyle modification, as patients pay less attention to these vital topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To identify the links between self-esteem, fatigue and health-related quality of life for children and young people during and following treatment for cancer. Background Measures to minimise adverse outcomes for survivors of childhood cancer have been developed, but the crucial periods of returning to school and transition to adult life and adult services are not addressed so well. Screening of quality of life, fatigue and self-esteem in childhood cancer patients during and after treatment is important for optimising the nursing response and improving outcomes for children. Design A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational, comparative survey was designed. Methods Validated measures of the attributes being studied were used. This study was conducted in private rooms on the ward and in the outpatient clinic of a major oncology hospital in Jordan in 2015. Seventy children aged 5-16 years were included. Ethical approval was secured. Results The age range of the children was 5-16 years (Mean 10·17, SD 3·4 years). Thirty were girls and 40 were boys. The total quality of life scores ranged from 21-100 ( M = 65·5; SD = 17·6). The total scores of fatigue range from 12·5-100 ( M = 65·79; SD = 22·20). Children with a high level of fatigue experienced lower quality of life. Conclusion Continuing education centres at hospitals may find the results of this study helpful to provide professional updates and training events to enhance nurses' understanding of psychosocial distress responses and ability to intervene effectively within the multiprofessional effort. Relevance to clinical practice The outcomes of this study may enhance the development of guidelines for routine assessment by nurses and others of these factors among children with cancer. The nursing role in ensuring holistic care and attention to the problems of most concern to patients could be strengthened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to explore the symptom management strategies utilized by post coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients and its associations with demographic variables. A clear understanding of the use of symptom management strategies following CABG surgery may help nurses in developing educational program and interventions that help patients and their families during recovery period after discharge. A cross-sectional, descriptive design was utilized. A convenience sample of 100 Jordanian patients post CABG surgery selected from five hospitals was surveyed between November 2012 and June 2013 using the Cardiac Symptom Survey. Chi squared analyses were used to examine the associations between the symptoms management strategies and selected demographic variables. Frequency of symptom management strategies utilized by post CABG patients revealed that most frequently employed strategies were use of medications (79%), repositioning (54%) and the rest (45%). Symptom management strategies utilized for poor appetite, sleeping problem and fatigue had significant associations with demographic variables. By providing information about the symptoms expected after surgery and possible ways to manage them, will strengthen the patients psychologically and will make CABG experience within the realm of self-management and coping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives This study develops a new instrument, the Spiritual Care Intervention-Provision Scale, and assesses its psychometric properties in an Arab Muslim nurse sample. The Spiritual Care Intervention-Provision Scale was developed to measure the frequency with which nurses provided aspects of spiritual care. Background Most of the available spiritual care instruments were developed in the West and reflect a predominantly Christian tradition. A review of the literature on spiritual care in nursing revealed that no instrument exists for measuring spiritual care interventions provided by nurses to Arab Muslim patients. Design A cross-sectional descriptive and correlational design. Methods Following an extensive literature search, review by an expert panel and a pilot study which included patients' views regarding aspects of spiritual care provided by nurses, the final version of the Spiritual Care Intervention-Provision Scale was tested in a convenience sample of 360 Jordanian Arab Muslim nurses. Correlational and factor analysis were used. Results The internal consistency of the Spiritual Care Intervention-Provision Scale was high, with α coefficient of 0·85. The exploratory factor analysis supported a two-factor structure for the Spiritual Care Intervention-Provision Scale as hypothesised. A significant positive correlation between the Spiritual Care Intervention-Provision Scale and religiosity was in the expected direction though small in magnitude. Conclusions This study initiates the development of an instrument for the provision of spiritual care intervention by nurses that balances the religious and existential dimensions of spirituality. The Spiritual Care Intervention-Provision Scale exhibited acceptable evidence of internal consistency and validity among Jordanian Arab Muslim nurses. Further work was suggested to firmly establish all aspects of this new scale. Relevance to clinical practice This culturally specific instrument contributes to the evaluation of the provision of spiritual care by Jordanian Muslim nurses to their patients, to guide them in providing a comprehensive and appropriate spiritual care interventions and to examine the effect of spiritual care on various aspects of patient's quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prevention is important to reduce the prevalence of preterm births. Although prematurity has been well studied in developed countries, data from developing countries, such as Jordan, are still limited. This retrospective study analysed medical records to determine possible risk factors leading to preterm birth in the Irbid governorate of Jordan. All preterm births during the year 2011 were reviewed. Abstracted data included mother's age and gravidity. Newborn information included gender, birthweight and gestational age at birth. A total of 647 singleton births were included. There were more females than males (54.9% vs. 45.1%), with 75.6% being the second child or more. Half the mothers (50.2%) were 25-35 years of age. Factors associated with preterm birth were male gender ( P = 0.008), maternal age > 35 years ( P = 0.005) and first birth ( P = 0.003). Nurses need to provide support and education to mothers with potential risk about reproductive health and family planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To explore the awareness of the incident reporting system, incident reporting practices and barriers to reporting incidents among Jordanian staff nurses and physicians in accredited and nonaccredited hospitals. Background Reporting medical incidents is an important element of patient safety enhancement and quality of care improvement and it should be an integral part of the organisational culture. Design A descriptive exploratory survey was used for the present study. Methods A modified version of the Incident Reporting Questionnaire was used to collect data from 307 nurses and 144 physicians at seven hospitals (four accredited and three not accredited) in Jordan. The response rate was 28·8% for nurses and 58·8% for physicians. Results Nurses were more aware of the incident reporting system than physicians. Physicians were less likely to report any incident on 50% or more of occasions. The major three barriers to reporting incidents were believing that there was no point in reporting near misses, lack of feedback and fear of disciplinary actions. Conclusion The study showed significant differences between nurses in accredited and nonaccredited hospitals regarding barriers to reporting incidents and reporting practices. Relevance to clinical practice Nurse administrators should modify existing systems for reporting incidents to overcome the barriers as shown in the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To deepen our understanding of the perceptions of health professionals regarding family witnessed resuscitation in Jordanian adult critical care settings. Background The issue of family witnessed resuscitation has developed dramatically in the last three decades. The traditional practice of excluding family members during cardiopulmonary resuscitation had been questioned. Family witnessed resuscitation has been described as good practice by many researchers and health organisations. However, family witnessed resuscitation has been perceived by some practitioners to be unhealthy and harmful to the life-saving process. The literature showed that there are no policies or guidelines to allow or to prevent family witnessed resuscitation in Jordan. Design An exploratory qualitative design was adopted. Methods A purposive sample of 31 health professionals from several disciplines was recruited over a period of six months. Individual semi-structured interviews were used. These interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Findings It was found that most healthcare professionals were against family witnessed resuscitation. They raised several concerns related to being verbally and physically attacked if they allowed family witnessed resuscitation. Almost all of the respondents expressed their fears of patients' family members' interfering in their work. Most of the participants in this study stated that family witnessed resuscitation is traumatic for family members. This was viewed as a barrier to allowing family witnessed resuscitation in Jordanian critical care settings. Conclusion The study provides a unique understanding of Jordanian health professionals' perceptions regarding family witnessed resuscitation. They raised some views that contest some arguments in the broader literature. Further research with patients, family members, health professionals and policy makers is still required. Relevance to clinical practice This is the first study about family witnessed resuscitation in Jordan. Considering multi-disciplinary healthcare professionals' views would be helpful when starting to implement this practice in Jordanian hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives This study explored how Jordanian nurses experienced the transition from home to host country to illuminate the elements of transformation. Background Much research has been conducted on topics such as the current international nursing shortage and the recruitment of nurses from various countries. International nurses have unique needs with regard to adapting to new host cultures and workplaces; furthermore, the literature has revealed little evidence of nurses' professional and personal experiences related to migration. Design A qualitative study was conducted, collecting data via individual interviews. Methods Twenty-five face-to-face and telephone interviews with Jordanian migrant nurses. Result This study showed that living and working in a host country changes the personal, social and professional attributes of migrant nurses. When nurses migrate, they encounter opportunities and significant challenges in their professional and personal lives. Although Jordanian nurses contributed their knowledge and skills to the UK healthcare system, they encountered enormous professional adaptation demands. Work setting discrepancies between source and host country are likely a major element behind the required nursing profession alteration. nurses' lives are transformed in terms of their personal and social networks in the host country. Conclusions Social transformation is an integral and inseparable part of engagement with professional organisation(s) in the host community. Professional integration likely has far-reaching effects and consequences involving not only the individual but also their home and host country families and their professional networks. Relevance to clinical practice To provide high-quality nursing care, we must learn about the transformation experience, expand our sense of who we are and gain a degree of control over how we perform our nursing roles when we move away from our home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary Jordanian women reported double the rates of antenatal depression in comparison with developed countries. Further, no studies have been conducted here in Jordan that compares sociodemographic characteristics of women who have antenatal depression symptoms and women who do not have such symptoms., The results of this study revealed that Jordanian pregnant women who were smokers, less educated and those with high-parity pregnancy had a high tendency towards antenatal depressive symptoms., Nurses and midwives need to work together to prevent and predict antenatal depression. They need to identify the women who are suffering from it and effectively help them to protect the next generation from its negative effects., Abstract The objective of this study is to investigate the differences between Jordanian depressed women and non-depressed women in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics during their pregnancy. A convenience sample of 218 Jordanian pregnant women in their third trimester was selected for this study from three major Governorates in Jordan ( Amman, Irbid and Zarqa), and the antenatal clinics of teaching hospitals ( Jordan University Hospital and King Abdullah University Hospital) were accessed to collect the data. A demographical sheet and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale ( EPDS) were used to collect data. There was a significant difference in EPDS scores between smokers and non-smokers, primiparous and multiparous women, and also between women with secondary or lower education and those with diploma or higher education. Higher EPDS scores were classified as a ≥13 and lower EPDS scores as <13. However, there were no significant differences in the age, income and sleeping hours for women with higher EPDS scores compared with those with lower EPDS scores. This study showed that there are differences between pregnant women who had depression symptoms and pregnant women who did not have depression symptoms in relation to some sociodemographic variables (smoking status, education level and parity). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To assess the epidemiology and correlates of urinary incontinence and its perceived impact on the emotional and social well-being of Jordanian women. Background Diabetes is a chronic disease with rising prevalence in women worldwide. Although urinary incontinence is a complication of diabetes, it is not commonly assessed with limited nurses' knowledge available on its prevalence, correlates and its perceived impact on lives of women. Design A cross-sectional survey design using probability sampling approach was used to collect information on incontinence. Methods A total of 1011 adult women, 20-65 years old, attending primary healthcare centres in Jordan were interviewed using a standardised incontinence questionnaire. Questionnaire included items to assess the perceived impact of incontinence on social and emotional well-being of women. The study outcome included weekly or more any, stress and urge incontinence. Results Of 435 (43%) diabetic and 576 (57%) nondiabetic women, a total of 676 (66·8%) women reported incontinence. The prevalence of weekly or more any, urge and stress incontinence was significantly higher in diabetic than in nondiabetic women, 31·5, 13·8 and 20% versus 18·2, 5·9 and 14·2%, respectively. After adjusting for age, body mass index, parity and history of urinary tract infections, in multiple logistic regression analyses, diabetes was significantly associated with any ( OR: 1·99; 95% CI: 1·44-2·74) urge ( OR: 2·23; 95% CI: 1·38-3·61) and stress incontinence ( OR: 1·54; CI: 1·07-2·22). Obesity and age were found to be significant correlates for urge incontinence in diabetics. Women with incontinence perceived incontinence as bothersome condition with negative impact on social well-being. Conclusions Incontinence is a common and distressing problem in diabetic women, especially for those who are older and obese. Prospective cohort studies are needed to assess how nurse-led interventions may impact the negative consequences of incontinence on women well-being. Relevance to clinical practice Nurses are in the right position to assess urinary incontinence in diabetic women. Proper communications, culturally sensitive screening and tailored interventions may assist nurses in providing care and support to alleviate the impact of incontinence on women well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To determine the effect of educational interventions for nurses on the success of weaning trials, ventilation period and reintubation incidence for mechanically ventilated patients in a Jordanian university hospital. Background Sharing decision between healthcare providers about weaning should be based on specific guidelines or protocols to avoid complications associated with wrong weaning estimation. Design A nonequivalent, pretest-post-test (quasi-experimental) study. Methods The study used a convenience sample consisting of 135 ventilated patients. The historical control group ( n = 65) data were collected from patients' files before the implementation of the educational interventions for the experimental group ( n = 70), which was recruited from intensive care units at a university hospital. The experimental group received educational interventions on Burns Weaning Assessment Protocol items over one month through in-service education, bedsides and hands-on application. Data were collected about Burns Weaning Assessment Protocol scores, failed trials, reintubation incidence and ventilation period for all participants. Results The results showed that the number of failed trials and reintubation incidence was less in the experimental group compared with the control group. On the other hand, there was not any significant difference in the score of ventilation period between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion Educational interventions for nurses on Burns Weaning Assessment Protocol have a significant impact on reducing incidence of failed trials and reintubation. Relevance to clinical practice The improvement of outcomes of patients on mechanical ventilators is a result of shared decision based on effective planning and communication between nurses and physicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To explore emergency department nurses' roles in health promotion and contributing factors involved. Background In many healthcare systems, emergency departments are increasingly urged to play a crucial role in health promotion. Although much has been written about health promotion and nurses in acute care settings, less has focused on emergency departments. Design A qualitative design was used. Methods In-depth semi-structured interviews were used with a convenient sample of 15 nurses in a Jordanian emergency department. Data were analysed using nvivo 9 (QSR International, Doncaster, Victoria, Australia). Results The analysis identified two themes. The first focused on nurses' roles in health promotion, comprising two categories: having no roles and 'let other people do it'. The second theme focused on the context and constraints of health promotion comprising fear of violence, the nature of healthcare service and patients' beliefs. The majority of nurses in emergency departments do not associate health promotion with their practice, hold some negative attitudes and devote more time to clinical tasks than health promotion, which is seen as a second priority. Conclusions The ideology of medicalised tasks has penetrated deeply into the core principles of health promotion, and thus, nurses' roles and potential in this area are questioned. Relevance to clinical practice Decision-makers and nurses within the hospital are urged to address the constraints identified in this study and debate them further. Failure to do so may lead to emergency nursing not being optimally achieved, with the absence of sustained and concerted health promotion work matching patients' cultural needs and sensitivities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To (1) identify the perceptions of Jordanian patients who suffer from coronary artery diseases towards nurse caring behaviours in critical care units; (2) identify the perceptions of Jordanian nurses who work in critical care units towards nurse caring behaviours; and (3) compare the perceptions of both patients and nurses towards nurse caring behaviours in critical care units. Background Caring is an important concept in nursing, when nursing behaviours were perceived by patients as caring behaviours, and thus, their satisfaction with the quality of care can be improved. Therefore, it is important for nurses to be knowledgeable about the caring behaviours as perceived by patients who complained from coronary artery diseases themselves. Design A descriptive comparative design was used. Methods A convenience sample of 150 patients who complained from coronary artery diseases and 60 critical care unit nurses completed the demographic form and the Caring Behavior Assessment scale. Results Patients in critical care units perceived physical and technical behaviours as most important caring behaviours, whereas nurses in critical care units perceived teaching behaviours as most important caring behaviours. Conclusion There were significant differences between patient participants' and nurse participants' perceptions towards four subscales of Caring Behavior Assessment scale that should be considered when caring for patients with coronary artery diseases. Relevance to clinical practice Patients with coronary artery diseases need well-trained and clinically competent nurses to meet their needs. 'Spiritual needs' was an important nurse caring behaviour that should be emphasised in nursing practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To examine hospital patients' understanding of health promotion in Jordan. Background Increasingly, hospital nurses are urged to promote patients' health and meet their needs. Yet, internationally, little is known about how patients themselves understand health promotion, and no Jordanian study has been undertaken in this area. Design A qualitative design was used. Methods Focus group discussions ( n = 4) were undertaken with hospital patients. All discussions were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using qualitative thematic analysis. Results Three images of health promotion emerged. These include health promotion as having adequate health knowledge, economic independency and good environment. It was also found that gender and spirituality affected patients' conceptualisations. Conclusions Hospital patients' understanding and expectations of health promotion are complex and go beyond the disease management approach. Therefore, if health promotion is to meet patients' needs and operate at empowerment and socio-economic levels, the images identified in this article should be considered. The study limitations and recommendations for practice and future research are also outlined. Relevance to clinical practice There is a need for a framework of health promotion that integrates patients' beliefs in general and particularly those related to religion and gender roles within the daily philosophy of care. Having achieved this, hospital nurses will be able to deliver culturally competent and wide-reaching health promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To investigate the experience of non-compliant hypertensive patients who had received seven sessions of adherence therapy ( AT) as part of a randomised controlled trial. Background AT is a patient-centred approach used to explore patient attitudes, beliefs and discrepancy toward medications that aimed to enhance patients' medication-taking behaviour. Design Qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with patients who had completed an AT intervention. Methods A convenience sample of 10 hypertensive patients who received AT as part of an exploratory randomised controlled trial ( ISRCTN99494659) were included. Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews exploring patient's views and experiences of AT was used. Results Five major themes of AT emerged; modifying attitudes and beliefs, positive impact on self efficacy, therapist motivation, positive impact on well-being and a well-designed intervention. Conclusions patients' views about the benefit of AT were entirely consistent with our proposed mechanism of action for this intervention; that is by improving patient's beliefs and attitudes regarding taking drugs, and finding solutions to barriers that prevent adherence, patients become more complaint with their medication which in turn has a positive impact on clinical outcomes [i.e. blood pressure, hypertension complication (stroke, myocardial infarction, and recurrent hospitalisation)]. Relevance to clinical practice Exploring patients' experience with AT and recognising these five elements help in tailoring a new effective strategy according to individual needs for enhancing adherence to prescribed drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to describe the quality of life and anticipatory grieving among Jordanian parents living with a child with cerebral palsy. A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational design was used with 204 Jordanian parents. Both mothers and fathers were recruited from health-care centres that provided comprehensive care for children with cerebral palsy in Jordan and from schools for special education. Structured interviews were conducted using the Marwit and Meuser Caregiver Grief Inventory Cerebral Palsy and Quality of Life Index. The majority of the parents reported that providing care for a child with cerebral palsy is requiring more emotional energy and determination than ever expected. There was a significant negative correlation between total anticipatory grief score and total quality of life score and all subscales. This indicates that parents with high level of intensity of anticipatory grief had lower quality of life. No statistically significant differences were found in anticipatory grief and quality of life responses between mothers and fathers. The outcomes of this study have important implications for encouraging family-centred care and inform policy to improve the lives of children with cerebral palsy and their parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]