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2. The Value of Smarter Teachers: International Evidence on Teacher Cognitive Skills and Student Performance. Program on Education Policy and Governance Working Papers Series. PEPG 14-06
- Author
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Harvard University, Program on Education Policy and Governance, Hanushek, Eric A., Piopiunik, Marc, and Wiederhold, Simon
- Abstract
Differences in teacher quality are commonly cited as a key determinant of the huge international student performance gaps. However, convincing evidence on this relationship is still lacking, in part because it is unclear how to measure teacher quality consistently across countries. We use unique international assessment data to investigate the role of teacher cognitive skills as one main dimension of teacher quality in explaining student outcomes. Our main identification strategy exploits exogenous variation in teacher cognitive skills attributable to international differences in relative wages of nonteacher public sector employees. Using student-level test score data, we find that teacher cognitive skills are an important determinant of international differences in student performance. Results are supported by fixed-effects estimation that uses within-country between-subject variation in teacher skills.
- Published
- 2014
3. The Global Competition for Talent: The Rapidly Changing Market for International Students and the Need for a Strategic Approach in the US. Research & Occasional Paper Series. CSHE.8.09
- Author
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University of California, Berkeley, Center for Studies in Higher Education, Douglass, John Aubrey, and Edelstein, Richard
- Abstract
There is growing evidence that students throughout the world no longer see the US as the primary place to study; that in some form this correlates with a rise in perceived quality and prestige in the EU and elsewhere; and further, that this may mean a continued decline in the US's market share of international students. There clearly are a complex set of variables that will influence international education and global labor markets, including the current global economic recession. Ultimately, however, we think these factors will not alter the fundamental dynamics of the new global market, which include these facts: the international flow of talent, scientific or otherwise, is being fundamentally altered as nations invest more in educational attainment and human capital; the US will continue to lose some of its market share over time--the only question is how quickly and by how much; and without a proactive strategy, nations such as the US that are highly dependent on global in-migration of talented students and professionals are most vulnerable to downward access to global talent, with a potentially significant impact on future economic growth. This study provides data on past and recent global trends in international enrollment, and offers a set of policy recommendations for the US at the federal, state, and institutional level. This includes our recommendation of a national goal to double the number of international students in the US over the next decade to match numbers in a group of competitor nations, and requires recognition that the US will need to strategically expand its enrollment capacity and graduation rates to accommodate needed increases in the educational attainment rate of US citizens, and to welcome more international students. Attracting talent in a global market and increasing degree attainment rates of the domestic population are not mutually exclusive goals. Indeed, they will be the hallmarks of the most competitive economies. (Contains 6 figures and 41 endnotes.)
- Published
- 2009
4. Liberal Adult Education--Perspectives and Projects. A Discussion Paper in Continuing Education. Number 4.
- Author
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Warwick Univ., Coventry (England). Dept. of Continuing Education., Duke, Chris, Duke, Chris, and Warwick Univ., Coventry (England). Dept. of Continuing Education.
- Abstract
This document contains 14 papers on the purposes and traditions, challenges and dilemmas, and new approaches and issues in liberal adult education. The following papers are included: "Introduction" (Duke); "Decus et Tutamen: Liberal Adult Education" (Thomas); "Tradition in British University Adult Education and the WEA [Workers' Educational Association]" (Fieldhouse); "The WEA and Liberal Adult Education" (Ross); "Liberal Adult Education as Catalyst for Change: Everett Dean Martin and the American Association for Adult Education" (Day); "Liberal Adult Education and the Liberation of Adults" (Shimada); "Vocationalism, Competence and Dewey's Liberalism" (Hyland); "Contractualism: The Modern Alternative to Liberal Adult Education in the Australian University" (Bagnall); "The Liberal Tradition: How Liberal? Adult Education, the Arts and Multiculturalism" (Jones); "Accreditation: The Dilemma of Liberal Adult Education" (Benn); "Women's Education in Japan" (Yamamoto); "Liberal Adult Education: A Contemporary Approach" (McIntosh); "Adult Education from Below: Notes from a Participatory Action Research Project" (Schratz); "Lifelong Education a Necessity" (Gestrelius); and "Postscript--The Wadham Conversation" (Duke). (MN)
- Published
- 1992
5. University Examinations and Standardized Testing: Principles, Experience, and Policy Options. World Bank Technical Paper Number 78. Proceedings of a Seminar on the Uses of Standardized Tests and Selection Examinations (Beijing, China, April 1985).
- Author
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World Bank, Washington, DC., Heyneman, Stephen P., and Fagerlind, Ingemar
- Abstract
In September 1984, the Chinese government asked the Economic Development Institute of the World Bank to assist the officials of the Chinese Ministry of Education in thinking through some policy options for examinations and standardized testing. This document summarizes the descriptions of testing programs and advice provided to these Chinese officials at a meeting held in April 1985. In addition to an introduction by S. P. Heyneman and I. Fagerlind, the following papers are provided: (1) "Admission to Higher Education in Japan" (T. Hidano); (2) "Examinations for University Selection in England" (J. L. Reddaway); (3) "Admission to Higher Education in the United States: The Role of the Educational Testing Service" (R. J. Solomon); (4) "Public Examinations in Australia" (J. P. Keeves); (5) "Education in Sweden: Assessment of Student Achievement and Selection for Higher Education" (S. Marklund); (6) "A Brief Introduction to the System of Higher School Enrollment Examinations in China" (L. Zhen); (7) "Designing the English Language Proficiency Test in China" (G. Shichun); (8) "Assessing the Quality of Education over Time: The Role of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)" (A. E. LaPointe); (9) "Cross-National Comparisons in Educational Achievement: The Role of the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA)" (J. P. Keeves); (10) "Examinations as an Instrument To Improve Pedagogy" (A. Somerset); and (11) "Improving University Selection, Educational Research, and Educational Management in Developing Countries: The Role of Examinations and Standardized Testing" (S. P. Heyneman). Collectively, the papers contain 31 tables and 13 figures. (SLD)
- Published
- 1988
6. Nature in World Development: Patterns in the Preservation of Scenic and Outdoor Recreation Resources. Working Papers.
- Author
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Rockefeller Foundation, New York, NY., Nash, Roderick, Nash, Roderick, and Rockefeller Foundation, New York, NY.
- Abstract
This report reviews the problems of protecting nature in a heavily industrialized democracy such as the United States. Factors contributing to the establishment of protected areas in the United States are traced from the creation of Yellowstone National Park in 1872 to the present. Arguments in defense of wilderness areas consider nature as: (1) a reservoir of normal ecological processes, (2) a sustainer of biological diversity, (3) a formative influence on the national character, (4) a church, (5) a guardian of mental health, and (6) an educational asset in developing environmental responsibility. Diverse agencies, programs, and efforts exist at all levels. The National Park Service, the United States Forest Service, the Bureau of Land Management, and the National Wilderness Preservation System function on the federal level. Coastal zone management and land use laws protect natural areas on the state level, city and county parks serve as protected areas on local levels, and private organizations such as the Sierra Club also contribute to wilderness preservation. Problems arise from the conflict between economic development and nature preservation, and the popularity of nature areas which leads to their destruction. Programs in Japan, Australia, New Zealand, East Africa, Europe, the Soviet Union, and Canada are also described. (KC)
- Published
- 1978
7. The Changing Academic Profession over 1992-2007: International, Comparative, and Quantitative Perspectives. Report of the International Conference on the Changing Academic Profession Project, 2009. RIHE International Seminar Reports. No. 13
- Author
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Research Institute for Higher Education, Hiroshima University
- Abstract
The Research Institute for Higher Education (RIHE) in Hiroshima University started a program of research on the Changing Academic Profession (CAP) in 2005. This research is funded by the Ministry of Education and Science as a grant-in-aid for scientific research headed by Professor Akira Arimoto, Director of the Research Institute for Higher Education, Hijiyama University and Professor-Emeritus of Hiroshima University. Before the conference in 2009, they had already held three international conferences in this topic. The fourth conference was held in Hiroshima in January 2009. This conference was organized by RIHE in cooperation with Hijiyama University, Japan. The conference addressed issues concerning the following three specific themes: (1) Internationalization of the profession; (2) Education and research activities of the profession; and (3) Personal characteristics or careers of the profession. This publication contains the following papers: (1) Changing Academic Profession in the World from 1992 to 2007 (Akira Arimoto); (2) Teaching "versus" Research in the Contemporary Academy (William K. Cummings); (3) Biographies, Careers and Work of Academics (Ulrich Teichler); (4) International Dimensions of the Australian Academic Profession (Leo Goedegebuure, Hamish Coates, Jeannet van der Lee, and Lynn Meek); (5) The Internationalization of Japan's Academic Profession 1992-2007: Facts and Views (Futao Huang); (6) The Internationalization of the American Faculty: Where Are We, What Drives or Deters Us? (Martin J. Finkelstein, Elaine Walker, and Rong Chen); (7) The Academic Profession in a Diverse Institutional Environment: Converging or Diverging Values and Beliefs? (Simon Schwartzman and Elizabeth Balbachevsky); (8) Education and Research Activities of the Academic Profession in Japan (Hideto Fukudome and Tsukasa Daizen); (9) The Academic Profession in Mexico: Changes, Continuities and Challenges Derived from a Comparison of Two National Surveys 15 Years Apart (Jesus F. Galaz-Fontes, Manuel Gil-Anton, Laura E. Padilla-Gonzales, Juan J. Sevilla-Garcia, Jose L. Arcos-Vega, and Jorge G. Martinez-Stack); (10) Teaching and Research across Academic Disciplines: Faculty's Preference, Activity, and Performance (Jung Cheol Shin); (11) Teaching and Research in English Higher Education: New Divisions of Labour and Changing Perspectives on Core Academic Roles (William Locke and Alice Bennion); (12) The Changing Employment and Work Situation of the Academic Profession in Germany (Anna Katharina Jacob and Ulrich Teichler); (13) The Changing Academic Profession in Japan (Yusuke Hasegawa and Naoyuki Ogata); and (14) What Changes Happened to the Academic Profession over 1992-2007? (Futao Huang). Appended are: (1) Conference Program; and (2) List of Participants. Individual papers contain figures, tables, footnotes and references. [This paper was co-created with Research Institute for Higher Education, Hijiyama University.
- Published
- 2009
8. Distance Open Learning in the Developing Asian Countries: Problems and Possible Solutions. ZIFF Papiere 117.
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Fern Univ., Hagen (Germany). Inst. for Research into Distance Education. and Ramanujam, P. R.
- Abstract
Problems facing distance open learning in the developing Asian countries were examined, and possible solutions were proposed. The prominent features of distance and open learning in 10 developed nations were identified. Existing distance education (DE) systems in developing nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America were reviewed and found to share the following features: inadequate finances; poor communication and infrastructural facilities; the absence of clear governmental policies; limited use of audiovisual media; a shortage of experts to develop multimedia courses; a lack of financial and academic autonomy for distance teaching institutions; and distance education's low social and academic status because of quality issues. The review indicated that blindly copying Western models of DE is more dangerous than evolving indigenous models for developing countries. The future of DE in developing countries was shown to depend primarily on the ability of DE institutions to respond to the specific needs of learners at different levels. The following actions were recommended for improving DE in developing Asian countries: (1) review existing institutional structures and governance; (2) evaluate existing methods of teaching and learning and existing support systems; and (3) recognize the potential of information communication technologies and evolve appropriate policies for distance open learning. (Contains 30 references.) (MN)
- Published
- 2001
9. A bibliometric analysis on the health behaviors related to mild cognitive impairment.
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Liping Xiao, Chunyi Zhou, Shibo Zhang, and Yuncui Wang
- Subjects
DEMENTIA prevention ,SERIAL publications ,LIFESTYLES ,MILD cognitive impairment ,CLUSTER analysis (Statistics) ,EXERCISE ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,RESEARCH funding ,CLINICAL trials ,CITATION analysis ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,AUTHORSHIP ,THEMATIC analysis ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,HEALTH behavior ,AGING ,DATA analysis software ,BEHAVIORAL research ,DIET ,PREVENTIVE health services ,BIOMARKERS ,COGNITION ,DISEASE risk factors ,MIDDLE age ,OLD age - Abstract
Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is commonly defined as a transitional subclinical state between normal aging and dementia. A growing body of research indicates that health behaviors may play a protective role against cognitive decline and could potentially slow down the progression from MCI to dementia. The aim of this study is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of literature focusing on health behaviors and MCI to summarize the factors and evidence regarding the influence of health behaviors on MCI. Methods: The study performed a bibliometric analysis by retrieving publications from the Science Citation Index and Social Sciences Citation Index subdatabases within the Web of Science Core Collection. Utilizing VOSviewer and CiteSpace software, a total of 2,843 eligible articles underwent co-citation, cokeywords, and clustering analyses. This methodology aimed to investigate the current status, trends, major research questions, and potential future directions within the research domain. Results: The bibliometric analysis indicates that research on healthy behaviors in individuals with MCI originated in 2002 and experienced rapid growth in 2014, reflecting the increasing global interest in this area. The United States emerged as the primary contributor, accounting for more than one-third of the total scientific output with 982 articles. Journals that published the most articles on MCI-related health behaviors included "Journal of Alzheimer's Disease," "Neurobiology of Aging," "Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience," and other geriatricsrelated journals. High-impact papers identified by VOSviewer predominantly cover concepts related to MCI, such as diagnostic criteria, assessment, and multifactorial interventions. Co-occurrence keyword analysis highlights five research hotspots in health behavior associated with MCI: exercise, diet, risk factors and preventive measures for dementia, cognitive decline-related biomarkers, and clinical trials. Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive review of literature on health behavior in individuals with MCI, emphasizing influential documents and journals. It outlines research trends and key focal points, offering valuable insights for researchers to comprehend significant contributions and steer future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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10. Trends and Issues in the Technical and Vocational Education in 10 Indo-Pacific Countries
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Lee, Lung-Sheng
- Abstract
Timely analysis of trends and issues in TVE can help TVE stakeholders cope with rather than oppose them. Educating in the direction of the trend and resolving the important issues can maximize TVE's chance of success. The purpose of this paper was to identify trends and issues in the TVE in 10 Indo-Pacific countries. To achieve this purpose, a cross-country analysis with a word cloud analysis was employed. Consequently, the following nine trends were identified: (1) Accelerated adaptation to emerging technologies and the evolution of industry; (2) Improving or diversifying TVE accessibility and increasing the enrollment rate; (3) Enhancing alignment between the TVE and higher education sectors; (4) Promoting employment-based, work-based, or competency-based learning models; (5) Strengthening TVE educators'/trainers' practical skills, industrial working experience, or qualification requirements; (6) Gearing TVE with lifelong learning; (7) Encouraging employer or industry involvement in TVE; (8) Enhancing quality assurance and autonomy in the TVE system; and (9) Providing more career counseling or career exploration. In addition, the following six issues were identified: (1) TVE does not have the same positive public image as academic education; (2) Insufficiency of qualified TVE trainers/teachers; (3) Extreme challenges to teach hands-on skills online; (4) Weak involvement of social partners; (5) Fragmentation of TVET management; and (6) The continued lack of a well-constructed qualification framework and quality assurance system.
- Published
- 2021
11. Developing as a person: How international educational programs transform nurses and midwives.
- Author
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JOHNSTON, JACQUELINE, MCKENNA, PROFESSOR LISA, MALIK, GULZAR, and REISENHOFER, SONIA
- Subjects
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NURSING education , *NURSES , *COMMUNICATIVE competence , *MIDWIVES , *INTERNSHIP programs , *INTERVIEWING , *STATISTICAL sampling , *MIDWIFERY education , *JUDGMENT sampling , *CONFIDENCE , *REFLECTION (Philosophy) , *PSYCHIATRIC nurses , *PROFESSIONAL employee training , *EXCHANGE of persons programs , *SERVICE learning , *RESEARCH methodology , *INDIVIDUAL development , *GROUNDED theory - Abstract
Objective: To determine impact of undertaking an international educational program during a nurse's or midwife's pre-registration program on subsequent practice, focusing on how nurses and midwives were transformed personally through participation in such programs. Background: Participation in international educational programs has been reported to enhance nursing and midwifery students' personal and professional development, however long-term impacts remain unclear. This paper presents findings drawn from a larger grounded theory study. Study design and Methods: Charmaz's grounded theory methodology was used to elicit experiences from 13 general nurses, two mental health nurses, three midwives and four dual qualified nurse/midwives across eight different countries. Data analysis led to the creation of three categories, with this paper reporting on the category of Developing as a Person. Findings: Participation in international educational programs can be transformative for nurses and midwives with long-lasting impacts, contributing positively to their personal growth and development. Discussion: The study findings underscore significant long-term impacts of international educational programs for nurses and midwives. These outcomes highlight the importance of incorporating international experiences into healthcare education. Conclusion: By providing opportunities for healthcare professionals to engage with diverse settings and populations, organisations and educational institutions can foster the development of well-rounded and globally competent practitioners. Implications for research, policy, and practice: The study's findings hold significant implications for research, policy, and practice in healthcare education. To deepen our understandings, additional longitudinal research across diverse countries is warranted. Policymakers have an opportunity to acknowledge the positive impact of these programs on the personal growth and development of nurses and midwives, potentially leading to the integration of global competency requirements into licensure programs. In order to provide comprehensive education, educational institutions should consider the inclusion of study abroad opportunities, cultural exchanges, and global clinical placements within nursing and midwifery curricula. What is already known about the topic? • International educational programs are widely used as a way of developing nursing and midwifery students' cultural understandings. • Previous studies have reported on short-term impacts of international educational programs. What this paper adds: • Long-term impacts of participation in an international educational program on nurses and midwives are described. • Personal development and subsequent transformations occur for nurses and midwives as a result of participation in international educational programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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12. On the Widespread Impact of the Most Prolific Countries in Special Education Research: A Bibliometric Analysis
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Sezgin, Aslihan, Orbay, Keziban, and Orbay, Metin
- Abstract
The aim of this study is to identify the most prolific countries in the field of special education and to discuss the widespread impact of their papers by taking into account the country's h-index. Through a bibliometric analysis, the data were collected in the Web of Science Core Collection category "Education, Special" in the Social Science Citation Index during 2011-2020. The 25 most prolific countries in the field of special education were determined in terms of paper productivity, and it was seen that the leading country was undisputedly the USA (54.42%). Meanwhile, a strong positive correlation was found between the h-index and the number of papers published by the countries (r=0.864). On the other hand, when the ranking in terms of the number of papers was reconfigured by the h-index, it was relatively changed. The possible reasons for this change for the countries with the most changing rankings were discussed by considering some definitive criteria such as the journal quartiles, the percentage of international and domestic, and the percentage of open access papers. This study reports a positive correlation between the quality and quantity in the field of special education for the publications of countries. It has been shown that where the positive correlation deviates, then especially, the journal quartiles, the percentage of international collaboration and the percentage of open access papers have a significant effect. The bibliometric findings may be useful to enrich the discussion about the widespread impact of papers and debate whether the use of h-index is acceptable for cross-national comparisons.
- Published
- 2022
13. Evaluating Eco-Innovation of OECD Countries with Data Envelopment Analysis
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Mavi, Reza Kiani and Standing, Craig
- Abstract
Government regulations require businesses to improve their processes and products/services in a green and sustainable manner. For being environmentally friendly, businesses should invest more on eco-innovation practices. Firms eco-innovate to promote eco-efficiency and sustainability. This paper evaluates the eco-innovation performance of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries with data envelopment analysis (DEA). Data were gathered from the world bank database and global innovation index report. Findings show that for most OECD countries, energy use and ecological sustainability are more important than other inputs and outputs for enhancing eco-innovation. [For full proceedings, see ED571459.]
- Published
- 2016
14. Proceedings of International Conference on Social and Education Sciences (IConSES) (Austin, Texas, October 13-16, 2022). Volume 1
- Author
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International Society for Technology, Education and Science (ISTES) Organization, Shelley, Mack, Akerson, Valarie, Sahin, Ismail, Shelley, Mack, Akerson, Valarie, Sahin, Ismail, and International Society for Technology, Education and Science (ISTES) Organization
- Abstract
"Proceedings of International Conference on Social and Education Sciences" includes full papers presented at the International Conference on Social and Education Sciences (IConSES), which took place on October 13-16, 2022, in Austin, Texas. The aim of the conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, discuss theoretical and practical issues, and to connect with the leaders in the fields of education and social sciences. The IConSES invites submissions that address the theory, research, or applications in all disciplines of education and social sciences. The IConSES is organized for: faculty members in all disciplines of education and social sciences, graduate students, K-12 administrators, teachers, principals, and all interested in education and social sciences. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]
- Published
- 2022
15. The Current States, Challenges, Ongoing Efforts, and Future Perspectives of Pharmaceutical Excipients in Pediatric Patients in Each Country and Region.
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Saito, Jumpei, Agrawal, Anjali, Patravale, Vandana, Pandya, Anjali, Orubu, Samuel, Zhao, Min, Andrews, Gavin P., Petit-Turcotte, Caroline, Landry, Hannah, Croker, Alysha, Nakamura, Hidefumi, Yamatani, Akimasa, and Salunke, Smita
- Subjects
PEDIATRICS ,GENETIC techniques ,MEDICAL practice ,PHARMACEUTICAL chemistry ,DOSAGE forms of drugs - Abstract
A major hurdle in pediatric formulation development is the lack of safety and toxicity data on some of the commonly used excipients. While the maximum oral safe dose for several kinds of excipients is known in the adult population, the doses in pediatric patients, including preterm neonates, are not established yet due to the lack of evidence-based data. This paper consists of four parts: (1) country-specific perspectives in different parts of the world (current state, challenges in excipients, and ongoing efforts) for ensuring the use of safe excipients, (2) comparing and contrasting the country-specific perspectives, (3) past and ongoing collaborative efforts, and (4) future perspectives on excipients for pediatric formulation. The regulatory process for pharmaceutical excipients has been developed. However, there are gaps between each region where a lack of information and an insufficient regulation process was found. Ongoing efforts include raising issues on excipient exposure, building a region-specific database, and improving excipient regulation; however, there is a lack of evidence-based information on safety for the pediatric population. More progress on clear safety limits, quantitative information on excipients of concern in the pediatric population, and international harmonization of excipients' regulatory processes for the pediatric population are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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16. Beyond the Point of No Return? Allied Defence Procurement, the 'China Threat', and the case of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter.
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Zaffran, Raphaël and Erwes, Nicolas
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F-35 (Military aircraft) ,DEFENSE procurement - Abstract
Why does the US government and some of its allies persist in controversial defence procurement projects? Using the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) as a case study, this paper suggests that a contingency discourse created by key actors in the United States (US) military industrial complex has been internalized by policy makers. This is the case not only in the United States but also internationally among the decision-making elites of those countries involved in the production of the F-35. By focusing on the discursive evolution of key actors' responses to concerns of additional costs, delays, technical failures and waning innovative superiority of the F-35, this paper attempts to comprehend how the US and its allies have justified continued investment in such a controversial defence procurement project. This paper shows that a contingency discourse on the spectre of China's military build-up and the resulting arms race between the US and China is being deployed by policy makers in the US, Australia and Japan to make the F-35 look like a continuing necessity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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17. Using Edmodo in Language Learning: A Review of Research
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Aydin, Selami
- Abstract
Edmodo has a significant role and place in the language teaching and learning contexts. However, there is no conclusive evidence on how Edmodo affects the language learning process. This study aims to present a review of the studies to make recommendations for teachers and researchers for further research. The study concludes that learners and teachers mainly have positive perceptions of and attitudes towards the use of Edmodo in the language learning process. It is also concluded that the use of Edmodo is efficient for fostering basic language skills, overall language proficiency, and communication skills. On the other hand, there are several drawbacks encountered during the utilization of Edmodo in language classes.
- Published
- 2021
18. Demographics and Education: The 20 Richest Countries
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Marchant, Gregory J. and Johnson, Jessica J.
- Abstract
This paper explores the PISA [Programme for International Student Assessment] achievement of twenty countries in light of some of their demographic differences. SES [student socioeconomic status], nuclear family, gender, home language, and native status were predictive of achievement for every country. Demographics accounted for as little as 8 percent to as much as 22 percent of individual score variance depending on the country and subject. Being male was almost a universal advantage in math, but was a far greater disadvantage in reading for every country. The relative performance of some countries changed when scores were adjusted for demographic differences; however, the Asian countries and Finland remained on top. Instructional strategies related to countries performing above expectations were explored.
- Published
- 2012
19. Problem Solving in Technology-Rich Environments, Adult Education and Training, and Income: An International Comparison Using PIAAC Data
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Nwakasi, Candidus C., Cummins, Phyllis A., Mehri, Nader, Zhang, Jing, and Yamashita, Takashi
- Abstract
The high dependence on technology for economic activities in developed countries stresses the importance of lifelong learning in order to equip adult workers with the skills required to perform work related tasks, and also increase labor force participation. We use data from the 2012/2014 Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) to examine relationships among problem solving skills in technology-rich environments (PSTRE), participation in adult education and training (AET), and income in Australia, Finland, Japan (high PSTRE scoring countries), Chile, Greece (low PSTRE scoring countries), Ireland, Estonia, and the United States (similarly scoring countries). Although PIAAC measured literacy, numeracy, and PSTRE skills, our research focus is on PSTRE because of its emphasis on problem-solving skills and critical thinking. These skills are undoubtedly important in any global economy currently experiencing rapid technological transformation. In four of five age groups, Japan had the highest PSTRE scores. With the exception of Greece, PIAAC respondents in the oldest age group had lower PSTRE scores than younger age groups. Men had higher PSTRE scores than women in all countries except Australia and Greece. Overall, those with higher PSTRE scores were more likely to participate in AET but there were variations by age, income, and education categories. Greater PSTRE scores were associated with higher hourly wages in the U.S. Australia and Estonia whereas no significant association was observed in other countries. With limited availability of data, females benefited financially from higher PSTRE scores more than males in the U.S., Finland, Ireland and Japan.
- Published
- 2019
20. In Fear of International Law.
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Shearer, Ivan
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INTERNATIONAL law ,FEDERAL government - Abstract
The thesis of this paper is that governments of some otherwise enlightened states are increasingly fearful of acknowledging the restraints imposed on them by existing international law. They are also reluctant to enter into new commitments by way of international conventions that would expand the reach of international law. The paper asks whether these fears are based on a true understanding of international law or on some distorted view of it. It will draw comparisons and some contrasts between Australia and the United States in their reactions to a number of recent events as well as to some enduring situations of contemporary relevance. Had time (and the limits of my research) permitted, one might also have examined public attitudes toward international law in China, Japan, and Russia in this context, where similar fears appear to be entertained. France, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom, also enlightened states, appear by contrast to belong to a group more dedicated to international law. As Robert Kagan has recently remarked, the experience of two world wars at close quarters, and the formation of the European Union, have made the European countries more dedicated to process, where the United States is more interested in results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
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21. Variables Affecting Student Motivation Based on Academic Publications
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Yilmaz, Ercan, Sahin, Mehmet, and Turgut, Mehmet
- Abstract
In this study, the variables having impact on the student motivation have been analyzed based on the articles, conference papers, master's theses and doctoral dissertations published in the years 2000-2017. A total of 165 research papers were selected for the research material and the data were collected through qualitative research techniques through document review and content analysis. According to the research results, the most important factors affecting student motivation are the fields of teacher, teachers' classroom management skills and their teaching methods. In this research, factors having less influence on the student motivation are parental communication, student characteristics and study fields. In addition, relational search type was used more than others, mostly students were selected as the study group and most researches were conducted in USA and Turkey.
- Published
- 2017
22. Mapping the Integration of the Sustainable Development Goals in Universities: Is It a Field of Study?
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Murillo-Vargas, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Campo, Carlos Hernan, and Brath, Diony Ico
- Abstract
This article maps the scientific production and the contents associated with the sustainable development goals and their integration with universities during the past 21 years. Although many of the topics related to sustainable development goals (SDGs) have been addressed in different studies for decades, it is since 2015 onwards that they gained greater prominence due to the inclusion of higher education as an important actor in the fulfillment of the 2030 agenda and the United Nations SDGs. For the purpose of this paper, a bibliometric analysis of 871 papers, 535 documents in Scopus, and 336 in Web of Science (WoS) from 1998 to 2019 was performed, and the Bibliometrix analysis tool was used. The objective of this mapping is to answer the following research question: Is the integration of the Sustainable Development Goals and Universities a field of study? An analysis of the network of collaborators and trend topics in Scopus and WoS allows us to identify the concurrence and relationships of some keywords, such as sustainable development, sustainability and planning, and some background words, such as humans and global health. In another analysis, the word "higher education" is related to change. This article suggests that the integration of the Sustainable Development Goals in Universities is becoming a field of study under exploration, with a peak of production in 2016 and that has remained stable in the last three years, but thanks to the leading role assigned to Universities, intellectual production should increase in the following years.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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23. CHANGING STRATEGIES OF UNION AND MANAGEMENT: EVALUATION OF FOUR INDUSTRIALISED COUNTRIES.
- Author
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Levine, Solomon B.
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INTERNATIONAL competition ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,INDUSTRIAL relations - Abstract
This paper reviews and evaluates strategic responses of unions and management in four economically advanced countries to changes in the world economic environment since the early 1970s as they have affected worker needs and expectations at the workplace level. By strategy is meant attempts by unions and management to modify existing institutions or develop new institutions for decision-making in industrial relations. Usually this involves changes in organization and/or activity levels to carry on collective bargaining with one another or obtain government enactments; but it may also include other forms of activity such as joint consultation committees and participation schemes in managerial decisions. Thus the focus of this paper is on whether as the result of recent economic developments new combinations of institutionalized procedures for rule-making have been emerging in industrial relations systems viewed on a national basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 1980
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Web Strategies for the Curation and Discovery of Open Educational Resources
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Rolfe, Vivien
- Abstract
For those receiving funding from the UK HEFCE-funded Open Educational Resource Programme (2009-2012), the sustainability of project outputs was one of a number of essential goals. Our approach for the hosting and distribution of health and life science open educational resources (OER) was based on the utilisation of the WordPress.org blogging platform and search engine optimisation (SEO) techniques to curate content and widen discovery. This paper outlines the approaches taken and tools used at the time, and reflects upon the effectiveness of web strategies several years post-funding. The paper concludes that using WordPress.org as a platform for sharing and curating OER, and the adoption of a pragmatic approach to SEO, offers cheap and simple ways for small-scale open education projects to be effective and sustainable.
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- 2016
25. International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2016 (Lisbon, Portugal, April 30-May 2, 2016)
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World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS) (Portugal), Pracana, Clara, and Wang, Michael
- Abstract
We are delighted to welcome you to the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2016, taking place in Lisbon, Portugal, from 30 of April to 2 of May, 2016. Psychology, nowadays, offers a large range of scientific fields where it can be applied. The goal of understanding individuals and groups (mental functions and behavioral standpoints), from this academic and practical scientific discipline, is aimed ultimately to benefit society. This International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the several areas within the Psychology field, new developments in studies and proposals for future scientific projects. The goal is to offer a worldwide connection between psychologists, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in psychological issues. The conference is a forum that connects and brings together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. There is an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement the view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons there are nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. InPACT 2016 received 332 submissions, from 37 different countries, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form of Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations and Workshops. It was accepted for presentation in the conference 96 submissions (29% acceptance rate). The conference also includes: (1) A keynote presentation from Prof. Dr. Richard Bentall (Institute of Psychology, Health & Society of the University of Liverpool, United Kingdom); (2) Three Special Talks, one from Emeritus Professor Carlos Amaral Dias (University of Coimbra, Director of Instituto Superior Miguel Torga, Vice-President of the Portuguese Association of Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, Private practitioner of psychiatry and psychoanalysis, Portugal) and Prof. Clara Pracana (Full and Training member of the Portuguese Association of Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, Portugal), another from Emeritus Professor Michael Wang (University of Leicester, United Kingdom), and a third one from Dr. Conceição Almeida (Founder of the Portuguese Association of Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytical Psychotherapy, and Vice-President of the Board. Member of the Teaching Committee, Portugal); (3) An Invited Talk from Dr. Ana Vasconcelos (SAMS--Serviços de Assistência Médico-Social do Sindicato dos Bancários de Sul e Ilhas, founding member of the Portuguese Association of Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, and member of NPA-Neuropshycanalysis Association, Portugal). Thus, we would like to express our gratitude to all our invitees. This volume is composed by the abstracts of the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT 2016), organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.). This conference addresses different categories inside Applied Psychology area and papers fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. To develop the conference program six main broad-ranging categories had been chosen, which also cover different interest areas: (1) In CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY: Emotions and related psychological processes; Assessment; Psychotherapy and counseling; Addictive behaviors; Eating disorders; Personality disorders; Quality of life and mental health; Communication within relationships; Services of mental health; and Psychopathology. (2) In EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY: Language and cognitive processes; School environment and childhood disorders; Parenting and parenting related processes; Learning and technology; Psychology in schools; Intelligence and creativity; Motivation in classroom; Perspectives on teaching; Assessment and evaluation; and Individual differences in learning. (3) In SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: Cross-cultural dimensions of mental disorders; Employment issues and training; Organizational psychology; Psychology in politics and international issues; Social factors in adolescence and its development; Social anxiety and self-esteem; Immigration and social policy; Self-efficacy and identity development; Parenting and social support; and Addiction and stigmatization. (4) In LEGAL PSYCHOLOGY: Violence and trauma; Mass-media and aggression; Intra-familial violence; Juvenile delinquency; Aggressive behavior in childhood; Internet offending; Working with crime perpetrators; Forensic psychology; Violent risk assessment; and Law enforcement and stress. (5) In COGNITIVE AND EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: Perception, memory and attention; Decision making and problem-solving; Concept formation, reasoning and judgment; Language processing; Learning skills and education; Cognitive Neuroscience; Computer analogies and information processing (Artificial Intelligence and computer simulations); Social and cultural factors in the cognitive approach; Experimental methods, research and statistics; and Biopsychology. (6) In PSYCHOANALYSIS AND PSYCHOANALYTICAL PSYCHOTHERAPY: Psychoanalysis and psychology; The unconscious; The Oedipus complex; Psychoanalysis of children; Pathological mourning; Addictive personalities; Borderline organizations; Narcissistic personalities; Anxiety and phobias; Psychosis; Neuropsychoanalysis. The proceedings contain the results of the research and developments conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to promote growth in research methods intimately related to Psychology and its applications. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters by sharing their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. Authors will be invited to publish extended contributions for a book to be published by inScience Press. We would like to express thanks to all the authors and participants, the members of the academic scientific committee, partners and, of course, to the organizing and administration team for making and putting this conference together. (Individual papers contain references.) [Abstract modified to meet ERIC guidelines.]
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- 2016
26. The STEM Wage Premium across the OECD
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William E. Even, Takashi Yamashita, and Phyllis A. Cummins
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Using data from the Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies, this paper compares the earnings premium and employment share of jobs in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) across 11 member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The results reveal that the STEM wage premium is higher in the United States than in any of the other comparison countries, despite the fact that the U.S. has a larger share of workers in STEM jobs. We also find evidence that the premium varies significantly across STEM sub-fields and education levels, and that the premium tends to be higher in countries with lower unionization rates, less employment protection, or a larger share of employment in the public sector.
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- 2023
- Full Text
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27. 2008 World Indigenous Peoples Conference on Education refereed conference proceedings.
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Gunstone, A. (ed), Bin Dol, M. (ed), Foley, D. (ed), Fredericks, B. (ed), Lenoy, M. (ed), Morgan, D. (ed), Reynolds, B. (ed), and Rose, M. (ed)
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- 2009
28. You Say IFRS, I Say FASB…Let's Call the Whole Thing Off
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Tickell, Geoffrey, Rahman, Monsurur, and Alexandre, Romain
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This paper discusses the noticeable nervousness of many US-based financial statement issuers in adopting IFRS. For contextual purposes, the paper provides an overview of the FASB/IFRS convergence so far and its probable future. A detailed review of convergence in accounting standards is explained through the respective standards for "Pensions and Other Post-Employment Benefits". The paper concludes by suggesting that, while one set of global steps is a noble goal, it might not achieve the desired goal of comparability.
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- 2013
29. Content analysis of vacancy advertisements for employability skills : Challenges and opportunities for informing curriculum development.
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Messum, Diana, Wilkes, Lesley, Peters, Kath, and Jackson, Debra
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- 2016
30. Proceedings of the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS) International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age (CELDA) (Madrid, Spain, October 19-21, 2012)
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International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS)
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The IADIS CELDA 2012 Conference intention was to address the main issues concerned with evolving learning processes and supporting pedagogies and applications in the digital age. There had been advances in both cognitive psychology and computing that have affected the educational arena. The convergence of these two disciplines is increasing at a fast pace and affecting academia and professional practice in many ways. Paradigms such as just-in-time learning, constructivism, student-centered learning and collaborative approaches have emerged and are being supported by technological advancements such as simulations, virtual reality and multi-agents systems. These developments have created both opportunities and areas of serious concerns. This conference aimed to cover both technological as well as pedagogical issues related to these developments. The IADIS CELDA 2012 Conference received 98 submissions from more than 24 countries. Out of the papers submitted, 29 were accepted as full papers. In addition to the presentation of full papers, short papers and reflection papers, the conference also includes a keynote presentation from internationally distinguished researchers. Individual papers contain figures, tables, and references.
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- 2012
31. The Uses of Globalization in the (Shifting) Landscape of Educational Studies
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Tarc, Paul
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The term "globalization" does more than represent a set of material (and ideological) processes that have impacts on education and schooling. Additionally, "globalization" operates as a conceptual lens or set of interventions, which is significantly impacting academic discourses in Education and in other disciplines. Not only has "Globalization and Education" (G&E) emerged as a new, trans-disciplinary field of Educational Studies, insights from this field and globalization studies more directly have impacted many other fields of Education. This paper summarizes major impacts of globalization on education and maps out a "first-wave" G&E discourse by analyzing a small set of key texts published around the turn of the century. The paper distills key uses of globalization from this "first-wave" G&E and more recent correctives to clarify the potential applications for--and implications of the "lens" of--globalization for educational scholarship. (Contains 9 footnotes.)
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- 2012
32. The Kuznets Curve of Education: A Global Perspective on Education Inequalities. CEE DP 116
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London School of Economics & Political Science, Centre for the Economics of Education, Morrison, Christian, and Murtin, Fabrice
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Education is recognized to be a key factor of economic development, not only giving access to technological progress as emphasized by the Schumpeterian growth theory, but also entailing numerous social externalities such as the demographic transition (Murtin, 2009) or democratization (Murtin and Wacziarg, 2010). If the evolution of world distributions of income and longevity over the last two centuries have been described by Bourguignon and Morrisson (2002), changes in the world distribution of education have remained unexplored until now, despite their major importance. How has global education inequality evolved over the twentieth century? How should it be measured? Up to now, existing studies on education inequality have had limited spatial and time coverage. For example, Castello and Domenech (2002) and Thomas et al. (2001) provide a descriptive analysis of years of schooling inequality for a broad panel of countries, but their study starts only in 1960. Also, they remain at the country level and do not consider the world distribution of years of schooling, which takes into account educational differences both within and between countries. In contrast, this paper depicts the world distribution of education over 140 years, improving and extending the database recently released by Morrisson and Murtin (2009), which focuses on average years of schooling. The authors provide both average years of schooling and the distribution of education as summarised up by four quantiles in each country. Importantly, this new database is cross-validated by historical data on illiteracy rates. Then, they describe average stocks of primary, secondary and tertiary schooling by region since 1870, and estimate world inequality in years of schooling, which has been dramatically reduced since 1870. Focusing on the measurement of education inequality, this paper raises an important methodological issue. The authors show that a substantial share of inequality in years of schooling can be mechanically explained by a single component of the distribution of education, namely the population that has not attended school, subsequently called the illiterate population. Actually, they find that the observed decrease in inequality in years of schooling over the XXth century is almost entirely explained by the decline in illiteracy. They believe that this result, derived both theoretically and empirically, could help to reconsider an empirical fact discussed in the literature on education inequality (see Berthelemy (2006)), namely the cross-country negative correlation between the average of and the inequality in years of schooling. This correlation mainly reflects the negative and mechanical correlation between average schooling and the illiteracy rate. In line with a recent macroeconomic literature (see for instance Hall and Jones (1999)), the authors then turn to human capital as defined by Mincer (1974), in order to confer a monetary dimension to education. They propose estimates of the world inequality in human capital, examining several definitions for human capital. They focus on one functional form in particular, which accounts for the existence of diminishing returns to schooling. It is the only one that can account for the cross-country negative correlation between Mincer returns to schooling and average years of schooling, as described by Psacharopoulos and Patrinos (2004). At the national level, they find that that human capital inequality within countries has increased then stabilized or even decreased in most regions of the world. When plotted against average years of schooling, human capital inequality within countries has clearly followed an inverted U-shape curve, namely a "Kuznets curve of education". At the global level, they also find that human capital inequality has increased from 1870 to approximatively 1970, then has decreased. They interpret these findings as a consequence of mass education and the existence of diminishing returns to schooling. (Contains 6 tables, 6 figures and 14 footnotes.)
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- 2010
33. The Crisis of the Publics: An International Comparative Discussion on Higher Education Reforms and Possible Implications for US Public Universities
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University of California, Berkeley, Center for Studies in Higher Education, King, Judson C., Douglass, John Aubrey, and Feller, Irwin
- Abstract
To frame the larger research agenda requires an intimate blending of knowledge of the situations of foreign research universities and those of public research universities in the United States. The first step was to bring together for a two-day symposium a group of scholars and practitioners, some with deep and varied knowledge of United States public research universities and others with specific knowledge of the university systems and recent changes in pertinent foreign countries. The purpose of the symposium was to share comparative information and analysis, to discuss major issues facing national and supranational systems of higher education and the role of research universities, and to identify the most promising avenues for further investigation. The symposium was focused on a group consisting largely of economically developed countries and regions that are important exemplars or locales for consideration of reform or alternative systems from those of the U. S. Considerations were structured around four major policy areas, including: (1) Fees and Finance; (2) Access, Quality and Accountability; (3) Science and Technology; and (4) Organization and Governance. Participants (a list of whom is in Appendix 1) provided working papers on assigned topics related to one or more of the four policy areas, or were asked to comment on the papers and the short presentations. This narrative provides a summary of the symposium proceedings, attempting to capture the gist of what was a varied and thought-provoking set of presentations and discussions. Presentations include the following: (1) Introduction (Chancellor Robert Birgeneau and C. Judson King); (2) OECD Perspective on Major International Issues Affecting Public Higher Education (Chaired by David Breneman and participated by Stephan Vincent-Lancrin); (3) Environmental Scan of U.S. Public Higher Education--Issues and Trends (Chaired by Ahmed Bawa and participated by Irwin Feller and Robert Berdahl); (4) Environmental Scan of Higher Education in Europe--Approaches and Trends (Chaired by John Aubrey Douglass Marijk van der Wende and participated by Michael Shattock, Wilhelm Krull, and Daniel Fallon); (5) Environmental Scan of Higher Education in the Pacific Region--Approaches and Trends (Chaired by Otto C. C. Lin and participated by Philip Altbach, Wan-Hua Ma, and Rory Hume); (6) Comparative Approaches to Financing of Public Higher Education (Chaired by Sheldon Rothblatt and participated by David Palfreyman, Katharine Lyall, and David Breneman); (7) Comparative Approaches to Access and Marketing: Undergraduate Education and Degree Production (Chaired by Steven Brint and participated by John Aubrey Douglass, Kerstin Eliasson, and Grant Harman); (8) Science and Technology Initiatives and Strategies for Economic Development (Chaired by Irwin Feller and participated by Otto C. C. Lin, Henry Etzkowitz, Taizo Yakushiji, and John Zysman); (9) Comparative Approaches to Governance and Management of Higher Education Systems (Chaired by Katharine Lyall and participated by Christine Musselin, Jeroen Huisman, and C. Judson King); and (10) Reflection on Discussion and Targets for Further Research (Delivered by Robert Berdahl, Taizo Yakushiji, Daniel Fallon and John Zysman). Appendices include: (1) List of Symposium Participants; and (2) References and Resources. (Lists 4 resources.)
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- 2007
34. Proceedings of the Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (29th, Melbourne, Australia, July 10-15, 2005). Volume 1
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International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education., Chick, Helen L., and Vincent, Jill L.
- Abstract
The first volume of the 29th annual conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education contains plenary lecture and research forum papers as listed below. Short oral communications papers, poster presentations, brief summaries of discussion groups, and working sessions are also included in the volume. The plenary lectures include: (1) Modelling Students' Learning in Argumentation and Mathematics Proof (Fou-Lai Lin); (2) Travelling the Road to Expertise (Stacey); (3) Telling Identities (Sfar and Prusak); and (4) Co-Constructing Artefacts and Knowledge in Net-Based Teams (Reimann). The plenary panel section includes: (1) What Do Studies Like PISA Mean to the Mathematics Education Community? (Jones); (2) From a Profile to the Scrutiny of Student Performance (Yoshinori); (3) The PISA-Study (Neubrand); (4) Some Results from the PISA 2003 International Assessment of Mathematics Learning (Kieran); and (5) The Foundation and Spectacle of [the Leaning Tower of] PISA (Williams). The first research forum (RF01) includes: (1) Not Everything Is Proportional (De Brock, Van Dooren, and Verschaffel); (2) Designing Instruction on Proportional Reasoning with Average Speed (Gravemeijer, van Galen, and Keijzer); (3) Folding Perimeters (Friedlander and Arcavi); and (4) The Dolls' House Classroom (Ainley and Pratt). The second research forum (RF02) includes: (1) Shaping a Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Signs (Arzarello, Ferrara, Robutti, Paola, and Sabena); (2) Working with Artefacts (Bussi and Maschietto); (3) The Role of Gestures in Mathematical Discourse (Edwards); (4) Connecting Talk, Gesture, and Eye Motion for the Microanalysis of Mathematics Learning (Ferrara and Nemirovsky); (5) Why Do Gestures Matter? Gestures as Semiotic Means of Objectification (Radford); (6) Gestures, Signs and Mathematisation (Williams); and (7) Building Intellectual Infrastructure to Expose and Understand Ever-Increasing Complexity (Kaput). The third research forum (RF03) includes: (1) Using Growth Points to Describe Pathways for Young Children's Number Learning (Gervasoni); (2) Number Attainment in Sri Lankan Primary Schools (Hart); and (3) Mathematics Recovery (Pearn). The fourth research forum (RF04) includes: (1) The Place of Theory in Mathematics Education Research (Lester, Jr.); (2) Theories of Mathematics Education (Lerman); (3) The Articulation of Symbol and Mediation in Mathematics Education (Armella); (4) Using Theory to Advance Our Understandings of Student Cognitive Development (Pegg and Tall); (5) Trends in the Evolution of Models and Modeling Perspectives on Mathematical Learning and Problem Solving (Lesh and English); and (6) Issues and Tendencies in German Mathematics-Didactics (Torner and Sriraman). (Individual papers contain references.)
- Published
- 2005
35. Adult Education and the Contested Terrain of Public Policy. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Canadian Association for the Study of Adult Education (21st, Toronto, Ontario May 30-31 and June 1, 2002). = L'Education des Adultes et le Domaine Controverse des Affaires Publiques. Actes Annuel de L'Association Canadienne pour L'Etude de L'Education des Adultes (21eme, Toronto, Ontario, 30-31 Mai et 1 Juin, 2002).
- Author
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Mojab, Shahrzad and McQueen, William
- Abstract
This document contains the texts of 57 papers, 10 roundtables, and 7 symposia from a Canadian conference on adult education and public policy. The following are among the papers included: "Childhood, Schooling Family and Community" (Margarida Aguiar); "Voices Inside" (Irene C. Baird); "Beyond Personal Agency" (Rose Barg); "Participatory Research, Education and Rural Farmers" (Bijoy P. Barua); "La Valorisation et la Reconnaissance des Apprentissages Professionels Informels du Point du Vue de l'Autoformation" (Olivier Bataille); "Why Distance Education?" (Patricia Beatty-Guenter); "The Body's Tale" (Valerie-Lee Chapman); "Adult Education and the Production of Knowledge for Politics" (Janet Conway); "Lifelong Learning or Re-Training for Life" (Jane Cruikshank); "Policy, Accountability, and Practice in Adult Literacy Work" (Richard Darville); "Vocation in Adult Education" (Jane Dawson); "Computer-Mediated Instruction" (John M. Dirkx, Edward W. Taylor); "If You Knew Now What We Didn't Know Then" (Catherine C. Dunlop); "Career Development and Advancement Patterns of Aboriginal Executives in the Canada Federal Public Service" (Rocky J. Dwyer); "Changing Policy from the Inside-out" (Karen Edge, Marilyn Laiken); "Examining Practice, Understanding Experience" (John Egan); "Gypsy Scholars" (Tara Fenwick); "The Limits of 'Informal Learning'" (Rachel Gorman); "Lifelong Learning" (Andre P. Grace); "The Experiences and Practice of Adult Educators in Addressing Spirituality within the Workplace" (Janet Groen); "Global, Local and Individual Learning Environments" (Charmaine Ing); "Informing Policy: (Cheryl Jeffs); "Women's Ways of Protesting" (Dorothy A. Lander); "Learning in a Trade Union" (Susanne Kopsen, Staffan Larsson); "Exploring Teaching Roles and Responsibilities in Adult Literacy Education" (Karen M. Magro); "Learning and the Law" (Susan E. McDonald); "The Role of the Outsider in Creating Education Policy" (Katherine McManus); "Constructing Resistance" (Kiran Mirchandani, Bonnie Slade); "Policy and Learning Program for the Malaysian Elderly" (Mazanah Muhamad, Mazalan Kamis); "Teaching Choice" (Michael Newman); "Creating Access" (Ruth Price); "Responding to '911'" (Timothy Pyrch); "The Original Raging Grannies" (Carole Roy); "An Alternative Consciousness" (Stephanie Rutherford); "Learning in the Union Local" (Peter H. Sawchuk); "The Relationship between Espoused and Enacted Beliefs about Teaching Adults" (Edward W. Taylor, John M. Dirkx); and "Understanding the Zone of Proximal Development in Adult Literacy Learning" (Maurice Taylor, Judy King, Christine Pinsent-Johnson). Many papers include substantial bibliographies. (MN)
- Published
- 2002
36. Shared Work, Valued Care: New Norms for Organizing Market Work and Unpaid Care Work.
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Economic Policy Inst., Washington, DC., Appelbaum, Eileen, Bailey, Thomas, Berg, Peter, and Kalleberg, Arne L.
- Abstract
Until the 1970s, social norms dictated that women provided care for their families and men were employed for pay. The rapid increase in paid work for women has resulted in an untenable model of work and care in which all employees are assumed to be unencumbered with family responsibilities and women who care for their families are dismissed as 'just housewives'. A review of practices in Australia, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands and Sweden (based on interviews with government officials, academics, managers, employees and representatives of unions and employers' associations) suggested new ways for work and care responsibilities to be reorganized. A new "shared work valued care" model might structure behavior by tempering employers' demands and shaping the aspirations of workers. 'Shared work' means sharing good jobs through reduced hours, flexible hours, job sharing and sharing care duties between men and women; 'valued care' encompasses flexible scheduling and making day and elder care a public-private responsibility. Policies that are needed in the United States to facilitate such as change include: (1) hours-of-work legislation; (2) adjustment-of-hours legislation; (3) equal opportunity and non-discrimination; (4) sharing of the cost of care; (5) untying of benefits from individual employers; and (6) updating of income security protections. (Contains 15 endnotes and 8 references.) (CG)
- Published
- 2002
37. The International Conference on Human Resources Development Strategies in the Knowledge-Based Society [Proceedings] (Seoul, South Korea, August 29, 2001).
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Korea Research Inst. for Vocational Education and Training, Seoul.
- Abstract
This document contains the following seven papers, all in both English and Korean, from a conference on human resources development and school-to-work transitions in the knowledge-based society: "The U.S. Experience as a Knowledge-based Economy in Transition and Its Impact on Industrial and Employment Structures" (Eric Im); "Changes in the Industrial Structure and Employment Patterns in a Knowledge-Based Society in Japan" (Shigemi Yahata); "Human Resource Development Strategies for the Knowledge Economy" (Nigel Haworth); "Strategies and Direction of Human Resources Development in Knowledge-based Economic System: Experience in the UK" (Peter Upton); "Methods of Strengthening Effective Transition from School to Labour Market" (Bent Paulsen); and "Methods of Strengthening Effective Transition from School to the Labour Market in Australia" (Chris Robinson). Each of the papers includes an abstract; some contain lists of references. (KC)
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- 2001
38. Research to Reality: Putting VET Research To Work. Proceedings of the Australian Vocational Education and Training Research Association (AVETRA) Conference (4th, Adelaide, Australia, March 28-30, 2001).
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Australian Vocational Education and Training Research Association, Alexandria.
- Abstract
This document contains 95 papers and summaries of 5 poster sessions from an Australian conference on putting vocational education and training (VET) research to work. The following are among the areas covered in the papers: factors affecting VET graduates' employability over time; technical and further education (TAFE) institutes as models of learning organizations; school noncompleters' outcomes in VET; increasing disabled students' participation in VET; VET management; bringing research and policy development together; innovative and flexible approaches to training package implementation; online support for VET clients; work-based learning; self-determined learning in the workplace; quality control and employability; using statistical software to interpret educational research; moving from andragogy to heutagogy in VET; drivers of learning cultures within organizations; VET practices in foreign countries; action research as action learning; challenges facing TAFE teachers; urban disadvantage and provider equity strategies; factors preventing uptake of apprenticeships and traineeships among secondary school adolescents; literacy and first-line management; performance level assessment; linkages between adult continuing education and VET; using training indicators to improve VET planning; student experiences of generic competency learning; managing the transformation to an e-learning organization; learning from small enterprise structured work placements; and using research to inform business and strategic decisions. Many papers include substantial bibliographies. (MN)
- Published
- 2001
39. Skill Standards: The Value for Industry and Instruction.
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Wills, Joan L.
- Abstract
In many countries throughout the world, efforts to articulate the knowledge, skills, and abilities required of workers have translated into the development of organizations with the specific charter to establish industry-based skill standards with attendant new and/or expanded forms of certification of competencies. The new emphasis on skill standards may be traced to many factors, including shifts in production processes and occupations, recognition of the fact that production must accommodate the environment, and the realities of the labor pool. Throughout the world, systems of initial preparation for work are undergoing significant change, and recognition that education and learning must take place in both schools and the workplace is increasing. The system in place to keep workers prepared for work (including lifelong learning, distance education, continuing professional development, and job training) is arguably the weakest link in almost every country's strategy to ensure a skilled work force. Australia's new system of occupational and industrial core and technical standards and eight competency levels provides a framework for accomplishing the following: identifying and developing transferable skills across industries; elaborating career paths within industries; and ensuring correspondence between earning a degree and acquiring the types of competencies required for working at various levels. (MN)
- Published
- 1995
40. The Use of Verbo-Visual Information in the Teaching of Geography--Views from Teachers.
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Pettersson, Rune
- Abstract
A study examined teachers' actual use of media and pictures in their teaching of geography in the secondary schools of five countries (a previous study focused on representations). About 180 teachers from Australia, Greece, Japan, Sweden, and the United States responded to a questionnaire concerning how often they used various types of media or equipment, what kinds of pictures they used, and the reasons for using the pictures. Results indicated that: (1) there was a substantial difference in media use by individual teachers; (2) the blackboard and geography textbooks were used often by teachers in most countries; (3) wall maps are most used in Japan, used weekly in Australia, Sweden, and the United States, and monthly in Greece; and (4) geographical or print media was used much more than audio-visual media. Findings suggest that geography teaching is still very much an oral activity with very little media support. (Six tables of data are included; the questionnaire is attached.) (RS)
- Published
- 1991
41. Bibliometric Analysis of the Research on Seamless Learning
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Talan, Tarik
- Abstract
Seamless learning has a significance that has been increasing in recent years, and an increasing number of studies on the subject in the literature draws attention. This study aimed to examine the research on seamless learning between 1996 and 2020 with the bibliometric analysis method. The Scopus database was used in the collection of the data. After various screening processes, a total of 389 publications were included in the analysis. Descriptive analysis and bibliometric analysis were used in the analysis of the data. The distribution of publications by years, types of publications, sources, and languages were analyzed in the research. Additionally, visual maps were created with analyses of co-author, cocitation, and co-word. At the end of the study, it was seen that there has been an increase in the number of publications from the past to the present, articles and papers were predominant, and that most of the studies were carried out in English. As a result of bibliometric analysis, it was concluded that the most efficient countries in seamless learning were the United Kingdom, the United States, and Singapore. Also, it has been determined that the National Institute of Education, Center for International Education and Exchange, and Kyushu University institutions are dominant. The most frequently mentioned authors cited in studies in many different fields are M. Sharples, L.-H. Wong, and H. Ogata. According to the co-word analysis, the keywords seamless learning, mobile learning, ubiquitous learning, and mobile-assisted language learning stand out in the field of seamless learning.
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- 2021
42. A Comparative Study of National Infrastructures for Digital (Open) Educational Resources in Higher Education
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Marín, Victoria I., Bond, Melissa, Zawacki-Richter, Olaf, Aydin, Cengiz H., Bedenlier, Svenja, Bozkurt, Aras, Conrad, Dianne, Jung, Insung, Kondakci, Yasar, Prinsloo, Paul, Qayyum, Adnan, Roberts, Jennifer, Sangrà, Albert, van Tryon, Patricia J. Slagter, Veletsianos, George, and Xiao, Junhong
- Abstract
This paper reports on the first stage of an international comparative study for the project "'Digital educational architectures: Open learning resources in distributed learning infrastructures--EduArc,'" funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. This study reviews the situation of digital educational resources (or (O)ER) framed within the digital transformation of ten different Higher Education (HE) systems (Australia, Canada, China, Germany, Japan, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Turkey and the United States). Following a comparative case study approach, we investigated issues related to the existence of policies, quality assurance mechanisms and measures for the promotion of change in supporting infrastructure development for (O)ER at the national level in HE in the different countries. The results of this mainly documentary research highlight differences and similarities, which are largely due to variations in these countries' political structure organisation. The discussion and conclusion point at the importance of understanding each country's context and culture, in order to understand the differences between them, as well as the challenges they face.
- Published
- 2020
43. Publications Output: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons. Science & Engineering Indicators 2020. NSB-2020-6
- Author
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National Science Foundation, National Science Board and White, Karen
- Abstract
This report presents data on peer-reviewed S&E journals and conference proceedings reflecting the rapidly expanding volume of research activity, the involvement and scientific capabilities different countries, and the expanding research ecosystem demonstrated through international collaborations. Publication output grew about 4% annually over the past 10 years. China and India grew more than the world average, while the United States and European Union grew less than the world average. Research papers from the United States and EU countries had higher impact scores. International collaborations have increased over the past 10 years. [SRI International, Center for Innovation Strategy and Policy assisted with report preparation.]
- Published
- 2019
44. Problem-Solving Skills of the U.S. Workforce and Preparedness for Job Automation
- Author
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Cummins, Phyllis A., Yamashita, Takashi, Millar, Roberto J., and Sahoo, Shalini
- Abstract
Automation and advanced technologies have increased the need for a better understanding of the skills necessary to have a globally competitive workforce. This study used data from the Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies to compare problem solving skills in technology rich environments among adults in South Korea, Germany, Singapore, Japan, Canada, Estonia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Australia. Overall, the United States had the lowest scores among all countries, and in all countries scores declined with age. The United States had higher proportions of survey participants in the lowest skill category and lower proportions in the top skill categories. The results of this study suggest changes in the United States educational and lifelong learning systems and policies may be necessary to ensure all adults have the necessary skills in a competitive workforce. [The paper will be published in "Adult Learning".]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Diffusion of KM Education in LIS Schools
- Author
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Katušcáková, Marcela and Jasecková, Galina
- Abstract
This paper aims to identify the current state of knowledge management (KM) diffusion in LIS schools. In terms of content, we have identified two principal approaches to the perception of KM in the LIS community: an active approach, seeing KM as an opportunity for the LIS community to change; and a passive approach, seeing KM merely as a topic of information management with a new label. Our research analyzed study programs at 145 LIS schools and in 188 LIS study programs in the United States, Canada, Europe (in particular, Russia), Australia, India, South Africa, China, Japan, Singapore, and Brazil and observed the inclusion or non-inclusion of KM courses in those programs. We employ a narrower approach to defining a KM course as being one having the term "knowledge management" in its name. The findings indicate that KM courses are integrated in one-third of the LIS study programs analyzed, and in schools with an information science focus this figure can rise to around 45%. Given the importance of this area and various views regarding KM diffusion in LIS schools, we recommend that those who have already implemented a KM course in their LIS programs create an informal community of practice (CoP) on KM implementation in LIS schools and build an open database of lessons learned from such integration, thereby capturing and sharing this crucial knowledge in a single place.
- Published
- 2019
46. A critical review of seven selected neighborhood sustainability assessment tools.
- Author
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Sharifi, Ayyoob and Murayama, Akito
- Subjects
SUSTAINABILITY ,ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis ,GOVERNMENT policy ,ANALYTIC hierarchy process ,SOCIAL sciences ,CONTENT analysis - Abstract
Abstract: Neighborhood sustainability assessment tools have become widespread since the turn of 21st century and many communities, mainly in the developed world, are utilizing these tools to measure their success in approaching sustainable development goals. In this study, seven tools from Australia, Europe, Japan, and the United States are selected and analyzed with the aim of providing insights into the current situations; highlighting the strengths, weaknesses, successes, and failures; and making recommendations for future improvements. Using a content analysis, the issues of sustainability coverage, pre-requisites, local adaptability, scoring and weighting, participation, reporting, and applicability are discussed in this paper. The results of this study indicate that most of the tools are not doing well regarding the coverage of social, economic, and institutional aspects of sustainability; there are ambiguities and shortcomings in the weighting, scoring, and rating; in most cases, there is no mechanism for local adaptability and participation; and, only those tools which are embedded within the broader planning framework are doing well with regard to applicability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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47. The market acceptance of corporate social responsibility: a comparison across six countries/regions.
- Author
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Bird, Ron, Momenté, Francesco, and Reggiani, Francesco
- Subjects
SOCIAL responsibility of business ,INVESTORS ,STAKEHOLDERS ,DATABASES ,VALUATION - Abstract
Information on the link between market performance and corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities provides an indication of the extent of acceptance by investors of these types of activities. The nature of this relationship is of critical importance for management trying to reconcile the demands of the company’s shareholders with those of a much wider group of stakeholders and for investors pursuing a socially responsible investing strategy. Using an international database we investigate the extent to which expenditures on CSR activities are valued across market in six countries/regions. We find that CSR activities are highly valued by the investors in the European markets, where our findings clearly indicate that such activities lead to higher market valuations. In the US, Japan and Australia expenditures on CSR activities have a neutral impact on company valuation, which is still a good outcome for management who wish to incorporate into their decision process the objectives of a wide spectrum of stakeholders and for investors wishing to tilt their investments towards the more socially responsible companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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48. THE BUSH DOCTRINE AND ASIAN REGIONAL ORDER: THE PERILS AND PITFALLS OF PREEMPTION.
- Author
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Acharya, Amitav
- Subjects
PREEMPTIVE attack (Military science) ,COUNTERTERRORISM ,NATIONAL security - Abstract
This article offers a critical perspective on the Bush Doctrine's impact on the Asian, especially Southeast Asian, security order. It proceeds in four parts. The first examines the problematic nature of the Bush Doctrine, such as its deliberate conflation of preemptive and preventive war and its expansive scope as a "grand strategy of transformation." This is followed by an analysis of the responses of Southeast Asian states to the doctrine. The third part looks at the "imitation" effects of the Bush Doctrine in Asia-Pacific, where it may be reshaping, national security strategies of some states such as Australia and Japan. The last part of the paper evaluates how the Bush Doctrine, with its underlying, basis in U.S. power dominance in a unipolar global setting, affects the Asian security architecture, particularly the balance between bilateral and multilateral security approaches to regional order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. The Models of Higher Education in Russia and European Countries at the Beginning of the XXIst Century: The Main Directions of Development
- Author
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Dudin, Mikhail N., Bezbakh, Vitaliy V., Frolova, Evgenia E., and Galkina, Marina V.
- Abstract
The article examines current trends in the development of the national models of higher education in Russia and European countries. The paper reveals the key problems of their functioning in the context of the processes of globalization, standardization, and integration into the pan-European and global educational space. These processes are described through the prism of the national interests of the states. Emerging from the comparative description, content presentation and qualitative analysis, the article assesses the level of development of the national models of higher education, i.e., Russian, European and American. This allowed identifying key similarities, as well as the most important differences, which mainly stem from the difference in the state regulation of national educational systems. It is the role of the state that is leading in the formation of national educational systems and the creation of high-quality models of higher education. The state is also responsible for the transformation and adaptation of these models. The models target providing the national and world labor market with highly professional human resources. Based on the comparative aspects outlined in the article, as well as on the qualitative analysis data, the authors have come to the following main conclusions regarding the trends and prospects for the development of the Russian higher education sector: a) Firstly, the Russian model of higher education was built during an accelerated transition from a one-level to a multilevel education. The result of this shift is the labor market disbalance, which nowadays does not allow the formation of the adequate perception of specialists holding a "bachelor's degree" which is unfamiliar and obscure to many employers; b) Secondly, the Russian educational system, and the higher education model, replicate the Western European and American approaches without considering the realities of the national educational market and the labor market. Therefore, the high proportion of the population with higher education cannot provide the necessary socio-economic development potential of the country; c) Thirdly, the reform of the Russian model of higher education should continue but not in terms of accelerating the processes of its integration into the world educational system. There is much evidence that the correct direction lies within the domain of creating incentives and conditions that will ensure the training of highly skilled professionals correlating with the market demand.
- Published
- 2018
50. Fitts' Law as an Education Resource for Human-Computer Interaction in Computer Science Curricula
- Author
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Kapros, Evangelos
- Abstract
Fitts' Law is, more often than not, thought of as standard knowledge in the field of Human-Computer Interaction. However, in many occasions, interface components are being built by professionals with little or no knowledge of HCI principles (e.g., software menus are often being built by software developers with no designer input). How much appreciation of Fitts' Law exists among developers, and how does it affect our collaboration with them and the software they build and we use? To help answer this question, a survey among 65 designers and developers was conducted, as well as an analysis of the Computer Science undergraduate curricula from 94 internationally high-ranked universities. The contribution of this paper is twofold: firstly, treating Fitts' Law as an Open Educational Resource and, secondly, the analysis identified gaps that extend beyond HCI Education and fall in the sphere of Epistemology.
- Published
- 2018
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