1. The role of innate immune responses and neuroinflammation in amyloid accumulation and progression of Alzheimer's disease
- Author
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Alessandra Webers, Michael T. Heneka, and Paul A. Gleeson
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Amyloid beta ,Immunology ,Inflammation ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,pathology [Alzheimer Disease] ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,immunology [Inflammation] ,0302 clinical medicine ,Alzheimer Disease ,pathology [Neurons] ,Animals ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,ddc:610 ,Neuroinflammation ,pathology [Inflammation] ,Neurons ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,Innate immune system ,biology ,Microglia ,business.industry ,pathology [Microglia] ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,immunology [Microglia] ,Immunity, Innate ,immunology [Amyloid beta-Peptides] ,immunology [Alzheimer Disease] ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neuroimmunology ,biology.protein ,Alzheimer's disease ,medicine.symptom ,immunology [Neurons] ,business ,Neuroscience ,030215 immunology - Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation, tau pathology and neuroinflammation. Recently, there has been considerable interest in the role of neuroinflammation in directly contributing to the progression of AD. Studies in mice and humans have identified a role for microglial cells, the resident innate immune cells of the central nervous system, in AD. Activated microglia are a key hallmark of the disease and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by microglia may result in a positive feedback loop between neurons and microglia, resulting in ongoing low-grade inflammation. Traditionally, the pathways of Aβ production and neuroinflammation have been considered independently; however, recent studies suggest that these processes may converge to promote the pathology associated with AD. Here we review the importance of inflammation and microglia in AD development and effects of inflammatory responses on cellular pathways of neurons, including Aβ generation.
- Published
- 2019